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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Consonant-vowel'
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Anderson, Stephanie. "Vowel-Consonant Interaction in Madurese." Department of Linguistics, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/227267.
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Madurese, a Malayo-Polynesian language, is of particular interest to theories of vowel harmony and feature geometry because of the interaction of consonants with vowels, and the problem of representing both transparent and opaque segments within the same language. Vowels divide into two sets, occuring exclusively after each of two sets of consonants. Isolation of this process is somewhat complicated by loan words showing no alternation or containing non -native vowels or consonants. In this paper I will examine vowel- consonant interaction in native Madurese words. All data are from H.N. Kiliaan (1904), Madoereesch- Nederlandsch Woordenboek. and Stevens (1968), Madurese Phonology and Morphology, along with additional data from Stevens (1980), "Formative Boundary in Phonological Rules."
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Miyashita, Mizuki. "Sequential Grounding and Consonant-Vowel Interaction." University of Arizona Linguistics Circle, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/311827.
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Carden, Kelly Ann. "Vowel-consonant interaction in two dialects of Mandarin." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2053.
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The goal of this thesis is to provide a detailed description and analysis of vowel-consonant interaction in Mandarin. Vowel-consonant interactions in Mandarin have been described and analyzed in the literature, but there is little agreement on the exact nature of the interactions, and no acoustic studies have been done to confirm impressionistic transcriptions. The data and analysis in this thesis show that vowel-consonant interaction is extensive in both Northern and Southwestern Mandarin, but the nature and degree of the interactions varies based on vowel, context (onset vs. coda), and dialect.
In this thesis, I provide an acoustic analysis and a theoretical account of vowel-consonant interactions in two different dialects of Mandarin that vary in their degree of interaction: the Northern dialect of eastern Hebei (similar to the Beijing dialect) and the Southwestern dialect of northeast Sichuan. The data analyzed was collected from native speakers of both dialects at Sichuan Normal University in Chengdu, and the analysis focuses on comparisons of the F1 and F2 of vowels in various onset and coda contexts. The theoretical account attempts to determine whether vowel-consonant interaction in Mandarin is best classified as a phonological process (e.g. assimilation) or a phonetic process (e.g. co-articulation). I explore possible analyses of the data under multiple theoretical frameworks, including serial rule-based phonology and Optimality Theory (OT), and compare the effectiveness of these analyses to a co-articulation account.
Traditionally, sound change phenomena are assumed to be either phonological or phonetic in nature. However, a detailed examination of the data collected reveals an unexpectedly large variety of vowel-consonant interaction effects. The effects range from subtle coarticulatory adjustments that can only be detected instrumentally to large magnitude differences that can be represented by a change in phonological features. The results of this study show that vowel-consonant interaction in Mandarin is even more extensive than previously documented, and that the line between phonetic and phonological processes may be more arbitrary than we like to believe.
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Yun, Suyeon Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "A theory of consonant cluster perception and vowel epenthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107089.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2016.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 149-154).<br>This dissertation concerns cluster-dependent asymmetries in vowel epenthesis in loanword adaptation and in non-native cluster perception. The central argument is that auditory factors affect the relative perceptual similarity between consonant clusters and the corresponding epenthesis forms, which in turn plays an important role in determining the site of epenthesis in loanword adaptation. This dissertation provides an extended typology of vowel epenthesis sites in consonant cluster adaptation, considering a variety of clusters both in word-initial and in word-final positions. It will be argued that the cluster-dependent asymmetries in epenthesis sites are best explained by the auditory properties of consonant clusters, such as intensity rise. Specifically, if a cluster involves an intensity rise inside the cluster, epenthesis occurs inside the cluster; if a cluster involves an intensity rise outside the cluster, epenthesis occurs outside the cluster; and if a cluster involves two intensity rises, either internal or external epenthesis can occur. I argue that this is because the epenthetic vowel insertion where there is an intensity rise makes a perceptually less salient change from the original cluster than epenthesis where there is no intensity rise, based on the P-map hypothesis (Steriade, 2008) that an output involving a perceptually smaller change is more optimal. The results of several perception experiments support the hypothesis by showing that not only intensity rise but also C1 voicing have a significant effect on the perceptual similarity between the consonant clusters and the corresponding epenthesis forms. Crucially, it will be shown that the novel generalization about vowel epenthesis sites and the results of perception experiments employing phonetically diverse stimuli can be best explained by the auditory properties, and not by the sonority profile, which has traditionally been used to explain these data.<br>by Suyeon Yun.<br>Ph. D.
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Saylor, Erin K. "Auditory spectral integration effects in consonant-vowel [bæ]-[dæ] transitions." Connect to resource, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/28376.
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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2007.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 34 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-33). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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Garner, Paul Edwin. "The real-time display of larynx closed quotient and fundamental frequency." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325559.
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Hunyady, Heather A. "The relative amplitude of vowel formants for vowels in asymmetrical consonant contexts." Connect to resource, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/6578.
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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2006.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains vii, 29 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 28-29). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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Wackler, Lisa A. "Auditory spectral integration effects in dynamic consonant-vowel /da/-/ga/ F3 transitions." Connect to resource, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/28358.
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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2007.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 38 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-37). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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Chan, Cousin. "Consonant-vowel co-occurrence in early speech development of normal Cantonese-speaking children." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36207822.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2001.<br>"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, May 4, 2001." Also available in print.
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Fire, Kevin M. "Identification of natural and synthetic consonant/vowel syllables by young and elderly persons /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487676847115579.
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Turner, Chloe Marie. "Documenting Consonant and Vowel Variations in a Sample of Native Born Anguillian Teenagers." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1588158082997725.
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Li, Kang. "Formant Deflection Directions of the Voiced Alveolar Stop Consonant in Different Vowel Contexts." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193822.
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A parametric model of the vocal tract area function was used to synthesize a series of alveolar stop consonant constrictions imposed on nine /VV/ transitions (e.g., /idae/). The constrictions differed in spatial characteristics, places of occurrence along the vocal tract length, and the onset and release times to create different onglide and offglide formant deflection patterns. It was hypothesized that the formant deflection directions caused by the onset and release of the consonant constriction relative to the underlying vowel-to-vowel formant transitions (i.e., without consonant perturbations) provide information about the perceptual identity of the alveolar stop. Perceptual tests were conducted to assess the phonemic identities of the formant patterns produced by the model. The model parameter settings used to create the consonant constrictions that were perceived as /d/'s were analyzed to study the coarticulation between /d/ and different vowel contexts.
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Pilchtchikova-Chodak, Nina. "On consonant and vowel distribution in initial position of root morphewes in contemporary Russian." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72768.
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Marshall, Esther. "An Examination of the Effects of Using Systematic and Engaging Early Literacy to Teach Tier 3 Students to Read Consonant-Vowel-Consonant (CVC) Words." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3060.
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A single-subject-multiple-baseline-across-behaviors design was used to examine the effects of using Systematic and Engaging Early Literacy (SEEL) instruction to help Tier 3 kindergarten students learn to read CVC words. Four students designated as Tier 3 by their teachers participated in the study. They were grouped into two dyads and received SEEL instruction focusing on specific word reading targets for approximately 20 minutes four days per week over a seven-week time period. The instruction included meaningful, interactive activities and incorporated high levels of play, multiple exposures to the target, explicit instruction, and student-teacher conversational exchanges. Baseline assessment data were collected prior to the application of the intervention for each of the targets and assessment data continued to be collected after each intervention session. All students learned to read the target words and three of the students generalized their learning to other targets. A moderate to large effect size of 0.54 was obtained using Cohen's r value. The need for adequate exposure to targets and time to practice was highlighted, along with the value of revisiting targets and addressing individual student's needs when working in small groups.
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Shah, Sonali Dipak. "Effects of phoneme-grapheme correspondence and phonemic awareness instruction on consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) pseudo and real-word encoding in children with severe speech impairment." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2002. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE1000161.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Florida, 2002.<br>Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains 70 p.; also contains graphics. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Kanotz, Brittany. "The Effects of Word Box Instruction on Word Identification and Spelling Performance of Consonant-Vowel-Consonant Words of First Grade Students who are at Risk Learners." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1404989586.
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Renaud, Jeffrey Bernard. "An optimality theoretic typology of three fricative-vowel assimilations in Latin American Spanish." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4733.
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The roles of phonetics (e.g., Jun 1995, Holt 1997, Steriade 2001) and Articulatory Phonology (AP, Browman and Goldstein 1986, et seq.) in both the diachronic evolution of and synchronic analyses for phonological processes are relatively recent incorporations into Optimality Theory (OT) (Prince and Smolensky 1993/2004, McCarthy and Prince 1993/2001). I continue this line of inquiry by offering an AP-based OT proposal of three fricative-vowel assimilations in Latin American Spanish: /f/>[x] velarization (fui [xui] "I went"), /f/>[phi] bilabialization (fumo "I smoke") and /x/>[ç] palatalization (gente [çente] "people").
In this dissertation, I pursue three main objectives: to update and clarify via empirical study and spectral analysis the available data; to account for the crosslinguistically recurrent phonological patterns that affect fricative-vowel sequences; and to explain the above processes' genesis and diffusion in Latin American Spanish by integrating the first two goals into an Optimality Theoretic framework.
Concerning the first task, data for the three processes are culled primarily from sociolinguistic corpora (Perissinotto 1975, Resnick 1975, Sanicky 1988, inter alia). Lacking from these accounts are detailed phonetic analyses. To fill this gap, I report on a four-part perception and production study designed to update the descriptive facts and provide spectral analyses for the allophonic variants.
Regarding the second goal, I show that fricatives are susceptible to regressive consonant-vowel assimilation given the recurrence of assimilatory patterns nearly identical to the Spanish processes under investigation in disparate languages throughout the world. I argue that articulatory and acoustic facts conspire to render place features in (non-sibilant) fricatives difficult to recover given the vast interspeaker, intraspeaker and crosslinguistic variability in production (e.g., Ladefoged and Maddieson 1996) and the greater reliance on fricative-vowel transitional cues as opposed to cues internal to the frication on the part of the hearer (e.g., Manrique and Massone 1981, Feijóo and Fernández 2003). To that end, I argue that the sound changes originate(d) with the hearer's misperception of a speaker's extremely coarticulated target (Baker, Archangeli and Mielke 2011, inter alia).
The dissertation concludes with a proposal adapting Jun (1995) that encodes the above articulatory and acoustic facts into an AP-based, typologically-minded OT approach that accounts both diachronically and synchronically for /f/ velarization, /f/ bilabialization and /x/ palatalization in Spanish (updating previous analyses by Lipski 1995 and Mazzaro 2005, 2011).
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Cole, Christina Haley. "The Effectiveness of Systematic and Engaging Early Literacy (SEEL) Intervention on Word Reading in Kindergarten Students Receiving Tier 3 Services." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3699.
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This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Systematic and Engaging Early Literacy (SEEL) intervention method to improve consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) reading in four students receiving Tier 3 services. The SEEL intervention method was also combined with the use of digital books on an iPad to investigate the effects of using technology in reading intervention sessions. Previous research indicates effectiveness for the foundational principles of SEEL, which include instruction in engaging, meaningful contexts that provide frequent and intense opportunities to practice. This research involved 4 kindergarten students who qualified for Tier 3 services based on their performance on an index of difficulty in early literacy skills. The study contrasted trained with untrained literacy targets of comparable difficulty and was conducted as a single-subject multiple-baseline-across-behaviors design. Intervention was delivered three times a week for 15-20 minutes, depending on the engagement of the participants. An analysis of the results showed improvement in three out of four participants in their reading ability of the target CVC words. It gave mixed results as to the effects of using technology in combination with the reading intervention. The analysis also looked at student engagement during both the hands-on manipulation of the materials and the reading and writing tasks performed on the iPad. It found that the engagement between these two parts of each session was similar; if a student had poor engagement for the SEEL intervention, he or she also had poor engagement for the iPad portion, and vice versa. This study provides further insight into the efficacy of SEEL and the use of technology; it also provides suggestions for future research in the area of reading intervention.
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Choi, Jaehyeok. "Theoretical historical phonology : a unified account of consonant lenition and vowel reduction in English within the framework of element and optimality theory." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2886.
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This thesis is intended to provide a unified and coherent theoretical analysis of phonological weakening processes of vowels and consonants in English within the framework of Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993). The analysis of weakening phenomena may vary according to the theory you adopt and the language you choose, but in this thesis, vowel reduction and consonant lenition in English will be explored in a constraint-based approach. In addition, most importantly, I seek to show which generalisations can equally be applied to both consonant lenition and vowel reduction in terms of a phonological theory. The key questions to be investigated in this thesis are as follows. 1) How do we represent phonological weakening phenomena in terms of segmental features or elements? 2) How can these representational elements be integrated into the constraint ranking and evaluation mechanisms in Optimality Theory? 3) Do the historical data such as the initial fricative voicing and vowel reduction in Old and Middle English give us any insight in this regard? There seems to be a similarity between consonant lenition and vowel reduction in terms of their phonological behaviour. For instance, both consonant lenition and vowel reduction can be treated as loss of some element or reduction of complexity in Element Theory (e.g. Harris 1994). This is an interesting point of my PhD project because this kind of representational approach to weakening phenomena has rarely been applied in Optimality Theoretic analysis. Therefore, what is intended to do in this thesis is that melodic representation will be used for modelling weakening phenomena within the framework of Optimality Theory. iv In this regard, I suggest a combined theoretic account of weakening phenomena involving the combination of two approaches namely Element Theory and Optimality Theory, which differentiates this account from previous analyses. I argue that the constraint *COMPLEX[Element], where ‘element’ refers to one of the primitives of Element Theory, plays a central role in analysing phonological weakening processes in this thesis. In addition, it will be shown throughout the thesis that these processes can be accounted for within the constraint interaction between positional faithfulness constraints such as IDENT[Element] and the integrated constraint *COMPLEX[Element] which I propose in this thesis.
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Nishibayashi, Léo-Lyuki. "Développement précoce de la segmentation des formes sonores : unités rythmiques, voyelles puis consonnes." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05H112/document.
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Les mots étant rarement produits hors contexte phrastique, les enfants vont devoir les extraire du flux de parole pour les apprendre. Les probabilités de transition (Saffran et al., 1996) et les unités rythmiques (Nazzi et al., 2006) seraient cruciales à l'émergence de la segmentation. Les formes sonores segmentées seront par la suite mémorisées en représentations phonétiquement détaillées. Cependant, selon Nespor et al. (2003) les consonnes seraient plus impliquées au niveau lexical que les voyelles, proposant un biais consonantique dans la reconnaissance des formes sonores segmentées. Le premier axe de ma thèse s'intéresse aux capacités précoces de segmentation chez les enfants francophones nés à terme et prématurés afin de déterminer quand elles émergent et dans quelle mesure les unités rythmiques sont impliquées. Le second s'intéresse à l'émergence et à l'origine du biais consonantique. Les résultats montrent que (1) les enfants nés à terme et prématurés sont capables de segmenter la parole en utilisant l'unité syllabique dès 6 mois ; (2) d'un biais vocalique à 6 mois, les enfants francophones, acquièrent un biais consonantique à 8 mois dans la reconnaissance de formes sonores segmentées ; (3) le biais consonantique proviendrait donc de l'acquisition des propriétés acoustiques/phonétiques de la langue maternelle<br>Since words are rarely produced in isolation, one of the first steps in acquiring new words is to segment them from continuous speech. Transitional probabilities (Saffran et al., 1996) and rhythmic units (Nazzi et al., 2006) have been proposed to be crucial at segmentation onset. Segmented word forms will then have to be stored as phonetically-specified representations for future recognition. However, Nespor et al. (2003) hypothesized that consonants, more than vowels, are involved at the lexical level, proposing a consonant bias in early word processing.The first part of my dissertation investigates preterm and full-term infants' segmentation abilities to determine when they emerge and to what extent rhythmic units are involved. The second part investigates the emergence and origin of the consonant bias in recognizing segmented word forms with full-term infants. Results show that (1) both preterm and full-term 6-month-olds are able to segment speech by using syllabic units; (2) French-learning infants switch from a vowel bias at 6 months to an adult-like consonant bias in recognizing segmented word forms; (3) the consonant bias emerging between 6 and 8 months of age, it would result from the processing and learning of the acoustic/phonetic properties on the language being acquired
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Schaeffler, Felix. "Phonological Quantity in Swedish Dialects : Typological Aspects, Phonetic Variation and Diachronic Change." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Philosophy and Linguistics, Umeå University, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-587.
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Kohtala-Ghane, Kirsi. "Suomen yleiskielen mukainen äänteiden hallinta ruotsinsuomalaisilla oppilailla : Pitkät ja lyhyet vokaalit ja konsonantit sekä diftongit." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Finska, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-158783.
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Den underliggande idén för denna studie är frågan om en ljudrelaterad grammatik kan undervisas via fonologiska övningar och diktamen för att förbättra den mekaniska skrivförmågan och om språkundervisningsmetoder för årskurs 1–2 kan också utnyttjas för äldre elever. Huvudsyftet med den här studien är att undersöka hur sverigefinska elever behärskar ljud av standardfinska med fokus på långa och korta vokaler och konsonanter samt diftonger. Dessutom är målet att testa en diktamensmetod som bedömer utgångsnivån av elevernas färdighetsnivå för att skriva korta och långa vokaler och konsonanter samt diftonger. Forskningsfrågorna är följande: 1) Vilka slags avvikelser jämfört med standardfinska finns i sverigefinska elevers skrivning av korta och långa vokaler och konsonanter samt diftonger? 2) Hur mycket avvikelser jämfört med standard finska finns i sverigefinska elevers skrivning av korta och långa vokaler och konsonanter samt diftonger? 3) Vilken typ av korrelation kan man hitta mellan avvikelser jämfört med standard finska och externa bakrundsvariabler. Denna studie av vilken teoretisk bakgrund läggs på fonologi, pedagogik och sociolingvistik har ett särskilt fokus på sverigefinsk kultur och flerspråkighet. Huvudmaterialet samlades in genom en diktamensövning med 22 skolelever i åldern 9–13 år och analyserades med hjälp av ordstrukturanalys. Utöver detta analyserades ett berättande textprov från tio elever. Bakgrundsinformation samlades in från föräldrar och jämfördes med resultaten av ordstrukturanalysen med hjälp av en implikationsskala. Studien visar att de viktigaste avvikelserna kring långa vokaler och konsonanter är de saknade bokstäverna, dvs enkelskrivning av ljuden. De mest utmanande långa vokalerna är oo, ee, yy och ää och de långa konsonanterna ss, rr och nn. Dessutom sker omkastning mellan bokstäver: för vokaler u > o, o > å och y > u och för konsonanter: m > n och kk > ck. De mest utmanande diftongerna är yi, ey, ie, uo, yö, öy, äy och iy och de lättaste att hantera är ai, oi, au, eu och öi. Dessutom blandas ibland o ihop u, u ihop y och ä ihop e. Det verkar som att bakgrundsvariablerna inte visar någon betydande korrelation med de språkliga färdigheterna vid hantering av vokaler, konsonanter och diftonger. Hur som helst säger en försiktig tolkning att det verkar ha en positiv effekt om man har lärt sig språket under de första tre åren och om man använder språket med släktingar.<br>The underlying idea of this study is a question if phoneme related grammar can be taught via phonological exercises and dictations in order to improve mechanical writing skills and if language teaching methods for grade 1–2 can also be utilized for older students. The main objective of this study is to study the command of standard Finnish phonemes among Sweden Finn pupils, focusing on long and short vowels and consonants, and diphthongs. In addition, the target is to test a dictation method which assesses the starting level of pupils’ competence in writing short and long vowels and consonants, and diphthongs. The research questions are the following: 1) What kind of deviations compared to standard Finnish can be found in Sweden Finn pupils’ writing of short and long vowels and consonants and diphthongs? 2) How much of the deviations compared to standard Finnish can be found in Sweden Finn pupils’ writing of short and long vowels and consonants and diphthongs? 3) What kind of correlation can be found between these deviations, compared to standard Finnish and the background variables? The theoretical background of this study is based on phonology, educational science and sociolinguistic, and it has its special focus on Swedish-Finnish culture and multilingualism. The main data was collected with a dictation from 22 pupils aged 9–13 years old and analyzed by using word structure analysis. In addition to this the narratives of text samples by ten pupils were analyzed. Background information was collected from parents and compared with the results of the word structure analysis, by using an implication scale. The study shows that the main deviations regarding long vowels and consonants are missing letters, that is, the use of single letters where two are expected. The most challenging long vowels are oo, ee, yy and ää and the long consonants ss, rr and nn. In addition, a replacement between letters appears: with vowels u > o, o > å and y > u and with consonants: m > n and kk > ck.The most challenging diphthongs are yi, ey, ie, uo, yö, öy, äy and iy, and the easiest to manage are ai, oi, au, eu and öi. Besides this some disorders between o and u, u and y and ä and e appear. It seems that background variables do not show any significant dependencies on competences in managing vowels, consonants and diphthongs. However with a cautious interpretation, there seems to be a positive effect if the language have been learnt during the first three years and if the language is used with relatives.
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Neagu, Pétrisor Adrian. "Représentations phonétiques et identification des syllabes occlusive - voyelle en français." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0040.
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Le but de cette these est de chercher comment les connaissances fondamentales sur la perception et la production de la parole peuvent ameliorer la performance des systemes de reconnaissance automatiques de la parole. Dans la premiere partie, nous etudions les voyelles orales. Nous proposons r1-3, un jeu de parametres derive de celui des formants f1-3. Nous montrons que ce jeu inspire des resonances du conduit vocal est performant pour le passage homme - femme dans l'identification des voyelles. Dans la deuxieme partie, nous etudions les occlusives sourdes du francais /p/, /t/ et /k/. Un test de perception utilisant des monstres acoustiques conflictuels a ete mis en uvre. Nous montrons que la pregnance relative des segments sourd et voise de la syllabe depend fortement du contexte vocalique. L'influence du vot et de l'amplitude relative des segments dans cette balance perceptive est etudiee. Une analyse acoustique detaillee nous permet de rendre compte de la collaboration subtile des indices pour l'identification du lieu d'articulation de la consonne en contexte anterieur. Base sur des calculs d'information mutuelle, nous proposons s1-3, un jeu de parametres pour le spectre de relachement des occlusives. Parmi les differentes architectures de reconnaissance testees, ce jeu est le seul a expliquer la perception des monstres bi-contexte. Nos donnees permettent d'expliquer les resultats contradictoires rapportes dans la litterature et montrent que l'introduction des connaissances a priori ameliore les taux d'identification dans les cas les plus difficiles pour le decodage acoustico-phonetique.
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Bekoz, Alican. "Modeling Of Plosive To Vowel Transitions." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608804/index.pdf.
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This thesis presents a study concerning stop consonant to vowel transitions which are modeled making use of acoustic tube model.
Characteristics of the stop consonant to vowel transitions are tried to be obtained first. Therefore several transitions including fricative to vowel transitions are examined based on spectral and time related properties. In addition to these
studies, x-ray snapshots, lip videos and also experiments including subjects are used to intensify the characterization, from the production and the perception side of views. As results of these studies the plosive to vowel transitions are observed to be uttered by exponential vocal tract movements and the perception mechanism is observed to be highly related with exponential spectral changes.
A model, based on the acoustic tube model, is tried to be established using the knowledge and the experience gained during characterization therefore proposed model involves the vocal tract parameters observed in characterization part.
Finally, plosive to vowel transitions including three types of plosives (alveolar, labial and velar) are synthesized by the proposed model. The formants of the synthesized sounds are compared with the formants of the natural sounds. Also the intelligibility tests of these sounds are done. Performance evaluation tests show the proposed model&rsquo<br>s performance to be satisfactory.
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CARCHIA, MARCO. "Lingue senza consonanti bilabiali." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1035364.
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La presenza di consonanti nei punti d’articolazione velare, alveolare e bilabiale sembra rappresentare la base della costituzione di un sistema consonantico e viene descritta da diversi autori, secondo svariati approcci. Ciononostante sono presenti in letteratura, seppur in maniera piuttosto sporadica, riferimenti all’esistenza di lingue con una completa assenza di consonanti bilabiali, soprattutto da parte di autori dediti allo studio delle lingue native americane. Questo fa sì, pertanto, che la presenza di bilabiali non possa essere considerata un universale linguistico ma piuttosto una tendenza linguistica universale, che ammette , quindi, eccezioni. I riferimenti portati finora osservano il fenomeno da una prospettiva puramente sincronica, escludendo in tal modo, non soltanto le lingue estinte, ma anche quelle che hanno avuto un’assenza completa dei fonemi in questione in un momento lontano della propria storia, inserendoli successivamente nel proprio sistema consonantico.
Sulla base di questo retroterra e di quanto emerso dal materiale consultato, la tesi si sviluppa principalmente sui tre seguenti punti.
1) La mappatura di tutte le lingue e famiglie linguistiche parlate o estinte, interessate in un qualsiasi momento della loro storia dal fenomeno, fornendo informazioni sulla distribuzione, genealogia e fonologia, con particolare attenzione, ovviamente, all’assenza di bilabiali. Questo primo obiettivo comprende anche una mappa digitale delle lingue, creata con l’utilizzo del software QGIS.
2) L’attribuzione di una completa assenza di bilabiali a quelle proto-lingue, la cui ricostruzione presentava punti oscuri proprio in merito a tali fonemi, nonché una mancanza di unanimità fra i diversi autori che le hanno studiate. Questo secondo obiettivo è stato perseguito principalmente attraverso studi tipologici.
3) Una descrizione delle caratteristiche della manifestazione del fenomeno secondo l’analisi delle diverse lingue e famiglie interessate e una ricerca della spiegazione delle cause che ne sono alla base.<br>The existence of consonants at the velar, alveolar and bilabial places of articulation seems to represent the basis of the structure of a consonant system, described by many authors according to various approaches. Nevertheless a few scattered references to languages without any bilabial sound can be found in literature, especially by authors dealing with American native languages. For this reason, the presence of bilabial consonants cannot be considered as a universal of language but rather a linguistic tendency, admitting, as such, some exceptions. The above mentioned references describe the phenomenon by a merely synchronic perspective, leaving thereby aside, not only extinct languages, but also those showing at a distant time in the past the lack of these sounds, which were later introduced in their consonant inventory.
Based on this background and on the results brought out by the analysis of the reference material, this dissertation focuses mainly on the three following points.
1) A mapping of all languages and linguistic families involved, regardless whether they are living, extinct or characterized by this phenomenon at a distant time in the past, providing information about their distribution, their genealogy and their phonology, of course with particular emphasis on bilabial sounds.
This first aim includes also a digital map of these languages, created by using the software QGIS.
2) Ascribing a complete lack of bilabial consonants to those proto-languages, whose reconstructions showed some loose ends with regard to these phonemes, as well as the lack of unanimity among the various authors dealing with them. This second objective was pursued primarily by means of typological studies.
3) A description of how the phenomenon occurs, based on the analysis of the different languages and linguistic families involved, along with a research on the explication of the possible reasons underlying it.
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Bílý, Ondřej. "Moderní řečové příznaky používané při diagnóze chorob." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218971.
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This work deals with the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease by analyzing the speech signal. At the beginning of this work there is described speech signal production. The following is a description of the speech signal analysis, its preparation and subsequent feature extraction. Next there is described Parkinson's disease and change of the speech signal by this disability. The following describes the symptoms, which are used for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (FCR, VSA, VOT, etc.). Another part of the work deals with the selection and reduction symptoms using the learning algorithms (SVM, ANN, k-NN) and their subsequent evaluation. In the last part of the thesis is described a program to count symptoms. Further is described selection and the end evaluated all the result.
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Lin, Chin Yi, and 林錦義. "Consonant/vowel segmentation for Mandarin syllable recognition." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51050730975199919185.
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碩士<br>大同工學院<br>電機工程學系<br>85<br>Although 'word' is the most commonly used recognition unit
for speech recognition systems, however, the required memory
size and computation time are proportional to vocabulary size,
so this kind of systems is suitable for small-to-medium
vocabulary size. For systems with large or even unlimited
vocabulary size, the use of subword or phoneme as recognition
unit is a possible solution, only that an extra processing of
recognition unit segmentation must be added. Such an approach is
relatively feasible for the Chinese Mandarin, since it is belong
to mono-syllable language (compared to multiple syllables
languages such as English). In this research, our major goal is
to develop a consonant/vowel segmentation method with high
accuracy rate and robust to noise for Mandarin syllable
recognition systems.In general, there are three steps in the
procedure of recognition unit segmentation: feature extraction,
distance measure of adjacent frames and decision rule of
segmentation. As regards to feature extraction, we use short-
term Fourier transform to avoid the effects of additive noise,
and map the spectrum into the critical bands to model the
effects of human perception. In order to find the abrupt change
of spectral differences of adjacent frames, we used the
Lukasiewicz implication and the Gains implication to design a
new spectral difference measure which can ignore small spectral
differences and enhance large spectral differences. Based on the
newly designed spectral difference measure, the position with
the largest spectral difference is set to be the point of
consonant/vowel segmentation. The experimental results are the
average of 4 sets of 408 Mandarin syllables produced by 2 males
and 2 females. The total accuracy rate, is 96.36% for the
original speech, 95.88% for the noisy speech corrupted by white
Gaussian noise, 91.91% for the noisy speech corrupted by low
frequency noise, and 93.98% for the noisy speech corrupted by
high frequency noise, respectively. In summary, the experimental
results showed that the proposed methods are useful not only in
clean speech but also in noisy speech.
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陳恆州. "Isolated word consonant/vowel segmentation techniques for Mandarin speech." Thesis, 1989. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85964706967326471418.
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Hsu, Cher-Wei, and 許哲瑋. "Consonant, Vowel, and Tone Mismatch in Chinese Spoken Word Recognition." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80782269033562119216.
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碩士<br>國立高雄師範大學<br>聽力學與語言治療研究所<br>94<br>The purpose of the study was to investigate if phonological priming effect would be observed when the prime mismatches with the target by one consonant or vowel, or the tone pattern. The study employed a lexical decision task within the cross-modal priming paradigm, where an auditory monosyllabic stimulus was followed by a bisyllabic word visually presented. In all of the three experiments, the identical condition yielded a significant priming effect, but the effect disappeared when the prime mismatched the onset syllable of the disyllabic word by one consonant, one vowel, or the tone pattern. The results seemed to be consistent with the Cohort model which imposed the most stringent restriction as to the membership of the candidate word set.
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Parikh, Abhishek Gunvant. "Voice onset time variation in stop consonant to vowel transitions." Thesis, 2004. http://library1.njit.edu/etd/fromwebvoyage.cfm?id=njit-etd2004-063.
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Soriano, Stephanie Rose. "Consonant-vowel co-occurrence patterns produced by Spanish-English bilingual children." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-05-2892.
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Simultaneous bilingual and early sequential bilingual children are exposed to two languages while acquiring the sound system for the first time. In bilingual children who are identified with speech sound delay or disorder, the question arises of how to approach intervention in the most effective way. In monolingual English learning children, some strong within syllable patterns of coronal consonant and front vowel, labial consonant and central vowel, and dorsal consonant and back vowel that are based on rhythmic mandibular oscillations without independent movement of the tongue have been identified as occurring more frequently. No information is available on children learning Spanish or on children who are early bilinguals relative to the presence of these patterns in output. Consideration of the presence of these patterns, typical of early development in English learning children, would help to plan remediation more precisely for bilingual speech delayed children. If the patterns are present, they should be accounted for as basic aspects of the production system output available to young children that might need to be assessed and incorporated into early intervention protocols for bilingual children. The present study tests the hypothesis that significant similarities between performance-based, consonant-vowel (CV) co-occurrence patterns produced in Spanish and English can provide greater efficacy for assessment and intervention practices for bilingual Spanish-English children.
Within syllable CV co-occurrence patterns were observed from 66 months to 81 months of age in six bilingual Spanish-English speaking children. Consonants were categorized into labial, coronal, and dorsal place of articulation while vowels were categorized by front, central, and back dimensions to evaluate co-occurrences. Predictions based on the Frame then Content (FC) theory (MacNeilage & Davis, 1990) were evaluated relative to intrasyllabic combinations of consonants and vowels.
Results confirmed the prediction that CV co-occurrence patterns produced by bilingual Spanish-English speaking children share significant similarities with those produced by children in previously researched languages. These results show that the production based hypothesis of the FC theory of speech production, tested previously on English learning children is also characteristic of bilingual children learning Spanish and English.
These findings suggest that consonant-vowel co-occurrence patterns are impacted by the capacity of the production system to produce different sounds in combination in diverse language learning circumstances, even when children are simultaneous bilingual learners. Mandibular oscillation without independent tongue movement within syllables is responsible for early intrasyllabic patterns produced by children. The FC theory supports the role of performance-based assessment and intervention for future practices in the field.<br>text
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Turner, Greg S. "An evaluation of kinematic variability of consonant-vowel intervals in stressed syllables." 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/37919371.html.
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Hong, Rui-Teng, and 洪瑞騰. "Using the Method of Common Vector to RecognizeMandarin Vowel and Palatal Consonant." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61872804744483944754.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>統計學研究所<br>100<br>The aim of this paper is to discuss the 1391 mandarin consonant words recogniti-
on for their vowel and palatal consonant. To construct the words recognition system involves in two major features Mel-frequency cepstrum coefficient (MFCC) and transform Mel-frequency cepstrum coefficient(Delta -MFCC) are obtained, then using the method of common vector and k-nearest neighbor (KNN) method to construct model. There are many factors may influence the rate of recognition such as the dimension of MFCC, the swing of frame, the length of frame and so on. The speech database in this experiment are recorded by eight speakers. Each isolated mandarin word is recorded ten times. The KNN is used for the first part, and the method of common vector for the second. Through the first part’s optimal parameters, the highest recognition rate we get is about 92% from second part.
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Liu, Yi-Chen, and 劉懿宸. "Using Common Vector Approach to Recognize Isolated Mandarin Word Based on Vowel and Consonant." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24m9b9.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>統計學研究所<br>101<br>This paper is to investigate the 1391 monosyllable in speaker-dependent system. The method of common vector is used for the speech recognition. The method is simple and easy in application not only for speech recognition but also for face pattern recognition. The common vector approach is a linear subspace classifier. In each class, it projects all training features into a unique common feature as the model for the corresponding class. In this paper, We use the Mel-frequency cepstrum coefficient (Mfcc) as the feature in the recognition. The mandarin monosyllable divided into consonants and vowels two part, in which the common vector approach is contructed as model, respectively. The different weights are then given for each consonant and vowel parts as the parameters in speech recognition. In the work, the set of training samples will also be considered as the parameter in recognition. From the exprimental results, we find that when the weight equals to (0.5,0.5) for consonant and vowel parts, and the training samples is 4, the best speech recognition will be up to 82%.
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Carney, Laurel H. "Responses of auditory-nerve fibers to spoken stop consonant-vowel syllables a temporal analysis /." 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/12559076.html.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1985.<br>Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 44-48).
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Ramírez, Vera Carlos Julio. "Production and Perception of the Epenthetic Vowel in Obstruent + Liquid Clusters in Spanish: an Analysis of the Prosodic and Phonetic Cues Used by L1 and L2 Speakers." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/32869.
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This study hypothesizes that the Epenthetic Vowel (EV) that occurs in Spanish consonant clusters, although produced unconsciously, is part of the articulatory plan of the speaker. As part of the plan, the epenthetic vowel occurs more often in the least perceptually recoverable contexts in order to enhance them. To achieve a better understanding of the role of the epenthetic vowel, this study shows that the linguistic and phonotactic contexts condition the occurrence of these vowels. Specifically, it argues that linguistic and phonotactic contexts that are perceptually weak compel a significantly higher occurrence of EVs.
The EV was analyzed from both production and perceptual standpoints. The results show that from the production standpoint, the occurrence of the EV is affected by the type of liquid that forms the clusters: in clusters with /r/ the variables that made a statistical contribution were post-tonic position (odds ratio, 4.46), and voiceless consonants (odds ratio, 1.42). In the case of clusters with /l/ an EV has a higher probability of occurring in the context of bilabial consonants (odds ratio, 4.19), and voiceless consonants (odds ratio, 1.3). As for the effects of speech rate on the duration of EVs, the results show that speech rate accounts for 14% of the variation in an EV’s length.
From the standpoint of perception, listening was divided into the tasks of perceptual identification and perceptual discrimination. The results show that the strongest predictor is the interaction voiceless x post-tonic position (odds ratio, 4.8). For the identification of the Cr clusters, the strongest predictor is the context of voiceless consonants (odds ratio, 4.42). Regarding identification of the Cl clusters, the strongest predictors are the tonic position (odds ratio, 1.54) and the labial place of articulation (odds ratio, 1.39). With regard to the discrimination of the Cr clusters, the strongest predictors for perceptual recoverability are the interaction voiceless x post-tonic position (odds ratio, 2.22), and the labial place of articulation (odds ratio, 1.37), while for the Cl cluster, the strongest predictors are the tonic position (odds ratio, 5.83) and voiceless consonants (odds ratio, 3).
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Churaňová, Eliška. "Fonotaktická osnova českého slova a mluvního taktu." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-304302.
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This master thesis provides a relatively detailed description of the consonant-vowel structure of standard spoken Czech. The first part covers approaches to and findings on the combinatorial system and distribution of sound units in speech; aspects of continuous speech segmentation into intonation phrases and stress groups, phonotactics of languages in general and Czech in particular, and speech rhythm are also addressed. Recordings of 12 professional speakers of Czech - comprising 6639 words and 5368 stress groups in total - have been used to create data sets that have enabled the author to describe CVCV structures of Czech words and stress groups. The results of this research present frequencies of words and stress groups and their relations to word-class dimension, frequencies of phones in words and stress groups; in this respect, both syllabic liquids and glottal stops have been taken into account. Further, the thesis includes an overview of the most frequent CVCV patterns in words and stress groups and their variability with regard to word classes. The final part focuses on how frequently consonants, vowels and their pairs and trios occur at different places within a unit. The results are continuously compared both between themselves and with the research that used the larger SYN2005 written...
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Wu, Yuan-Jung, and 巫苑榕. "A Study of Phonics Poetry as Effective Teaching Materials for Enhancing EFL Eighth Graders’ Decoding of Consonant Digraphs and Vowel Digraphs." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19800944211706584902.
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碩士<br>國立彰化師範大學<br>英語學系<br>104<br>ABSTRACT
Phonics poetry is helpful for increasing phonemic awareness development and word decoding ability (Goswami, 2000; Phillips, Clancy-Menchettti, & Lonigan, 2008; Snow, Burns, & Griffin, 1998). However, a number of previous L1 studies only have examined the effectiveness of phonemic awareness training at the word level and found that it was insufficient enough for assisting learners in becoming proficient readers. Hence, Yopp and Yopp (2009) advocated that phonics patterns should be contextually integrated for learners to predict and manipulate sounds. To date, no empirical studies in L1 have been conducted to explore the effectiveness of phonics patterns integrated with the word and context levels on young learners’ word decoding ability. Moreover, previous studies have examined the effectiveness of phonemic awareness training only at word level and did not explore the attitudes of young learners toward the phonemic awareness training. Therefore, through a systematic review of phonics patterns, this study compared the effectiveness of using two types of teaching materials on learners’ decoding of consonant digraphs and vowel digraphs and examined the participants’ attitudes toward the respective teaching materials among Taiwanese EFL eighth graders.
Two intact classes of eighth graders were recruited from a public junior high school in New Taipei City. One class received the systematic review of phonics patterns embedded in the textbooks (called SR-Textbooks Phonics Patterns treatment); the other class received the systematic review of phonics patterns embedded in phonics poetry (called SR-Phonics Poetry treatment). The instructional period lasted for 6 weeks with two 15-minute sessions of instruction per week. The instruments included a self-developed word decoding test (sight word decoding and nonword decoding) and a questionnaire. The results showed that both groups exhibited significant differences after receiving the respective treatment in their decoding performance. It indicated that the respective teaching materials used in the present study were both effective in facilitating the young learners’ word decoding ability of consonant digraphs and vowel digraphs. Though there was no significant difference between the two groups, the gain scores of the SR-Phonics Poetry group were higher than that of the SR-Textbooks Phonics Patterns group on the self-developed decoding test, including the sight words and nonwords. This meant that the SR-Phonics Poetry group achieved greater improvement after receiving the 6 weeks of instruction. Additionally, regarding the learners’ attitudes toward the respective teaching materials, the results showed that there were significant differences between the two treatment groups in Items 16-19, and Items 21-22, whereas there was a marginally significant difference in Item 20. The responses to Items 16-21 for the two types of the treatment questionnaires indicated that the explicit and systematic phonics instruction played a significant role in word decoding and echoed the claims of previous theoretical studies. Participants liked a systematic review of the phonics patterns no matter how they are embedded in the Hanlin textbooks or in the phonics poems. In other words, participants liked a systematic review of phonics patterns, -sh, -ch, -ee, -ea, -oo, -ou, integrated with the word level or into the contextual level. Most importantly, Item 22 also indicated that both groups were satisfied with the two types of teaching materials in this study; however, the SR-Phonics Poetry group had higher motivation than the SR-Textbooks Phonics Patterns group, reporting that the SR-Phonics Poetry treatment was playful and enjoyable. The respective interviews demonstrated that the learners were more willing to learn one phonics pattern at a time instead of multiple phonics patterns simultaneously. Hence, the teachers and publishers may consider phonics poetry as the alternative when they design instructional materials on phonics patterns. Future studies are recommended to use a variety of phonics patterns embedded in phonics poetry and prolong the duration of instruction to promote the teaching effectiveness.
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ŠIMŮNKOVÁ, Radka. "Anglická výslovnost u dětí na 2. stupni ZŠ." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-53155.
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The main content of my diploma thesis is Pronunciation of middle school children. The theoretical part deals with the aims of pronunciation teaching. This part concerns the question to what measure the pronunciation is important and whether it is possible to influence it by teaching process. Furthermore, I attended to pronunciation differences between English and Czech sounds and typical mistakes made by Czech pupils. The practical part searches and analyses mistakes in Engish pronunciation made by pupils who have just come to middle school by research scanning. Consequently I suggested several exercises to eliminate some of the ascertained mistakes. At the end, I also practically verified them in school practise and summed them up in my final reflection.
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BARCHI, SERENA. "Continuity and discontinuity in substandard Latin. Three case studies in phonology and orthography." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1573518.
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The present work aims to carry out a punctiform analysis of three grapho‑phonological phenomena within Latin primary sources. These phenomena, i.e., vowel prosthesis before word‑initial sC, consonant gemination, and -kt- outcomes (cf. § 1.4), albeit well‑known in the study tradition, require a review based on updated and richer data. The analysis is meant to be both diachronic and internal, attentive to structural aspects of the linguistic datum, and historical, according to a long‑standing tradition within Latin linguistics, and to a certain extent, the correlative sociolinguistic model. The study will be carried out through an empirical‑inductive approach, and the typology of the description will be both at a macro‑ and micro‑sociolinguistic level, depending on the empirical evidence.