Journal articles: 'Constant comparative analysis/method'

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Grove, Richard W. "An analysis of the constant comparative method." International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education 1, no. 3 (January 1988): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0951839900030105a.

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Seng, Chieng Kai, Tay Lea Tien, Janardan Nanda, and Syafrudin Masri. "Load Flow Analysis Using Improved Newton-Raphson Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 793 (September 2015): 494–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.793.494.

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This paper describes a simple, reliable and swift load-flow solution method with a wide range of practical application. It is attractive for accurate or approximate off-and on-line calculations for routine and contingency purposes. It is applicable for networks of any size and can be executed effectively on computers. The method is a development on conventional load flow principle and its precise algorithm form has been determined to bring improvement to the conventional techniques. This paper presents a comparative study of the new constant Jacobian matrix load flow method built based on several conventional NR load flow methods. Assumptions are made so as to make the matrix constant, thus eliminating the need of calculating the matrix in every iteration. The proposed method exhibits better computation speed.

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Song, Ming, Ekaternia Kim, Jørgen Amdahl, Jun Ma, and Yi Huang. "A comparative analysis of the fluid-structure interaction method and the constant added mass method for ice-structure collisions." Marine Structures 49 (September 2016): 58–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2016.05.005.

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Malyugin, B. E., E. N. Panteleev, A. N. Bessarabov, D. F. Pokrovskiy, A. S. Semakina, and S. A. Abdullaeva. "Comparative Analysis of Refractive Result Predictability During Iridocapsular and Iridovitreal Fixation of Biplanar Intraocular Lens." Ophthalmology in Russia 15, no. 2 (July 5, 2018): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18008/1816-5095-2018-2-139-145.

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Purpose: to carry out a comparative analysis of refractive outcomes and features during preoperational calculation of the biplanar intraocular lens (IOL) with iridocapsular and iridovitreal fixation.Patients and methods. Study included the analysis IOL model RSP-3 implantation after phacoemulsification cataract surgery with subluxated lens grade 2. Analyzed 309 eyes of 304 patients with iridocapsular (n = 44) (ICF) and iridovitreal fixation (n = 265) (IVF). In both groups IOL power was calculated with use of A- constant (118.2) recommended by manufacturer. Mean period of examination was 6 months. To count optimized A-constant in both groups we used next data: IOL power and axial length before surgery, keratometry, spherical equivalent and IOL effective position during 6 months after surgery.Results. In group with ICF postoperative refraction was achieved ± 0,5 D in 10 cases (23%), in group IVF — in 29 cases (11%). Mean value of optimized A-constant for IOL model RSP-3 in groups with ICF and IVF were 117.2 ± 1.18 (114.0–120.8) and 116.9 ± 1,89 (109.6 до 123.6). There were no statistically significant difference between compared groups (p = 0.46).Conclusion. Use of A-constant recommended by manufacturer do not allow achieving target refraction in most cases. Mean values of biplanar IOL A-constant counted for ICF and IVF were 117,2 and 116,9 respectively, what should be taken into account during IOL power count, according to its fixation method.

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Garci´a de Jalo´n, J., J. Unda, A. Avello, and J. M. Jime´nez. "Dynamic Analysis of Three-Dimensional Mechanisms in “Natural” Coordinates." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 109, no. 4 (December 1, 1987): 460–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3258818.

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In this paper a new method for the dynamic analysis of three-dimensional mechanisms is presented. This method is based on the use, as mechanism coordinates, of Cartesian coordinates and components of some points and vectors rigidly attached to every element. With these coordinates the constraint equations are very easily formulated. A constant mass matrix has been derived for an element with two points and two vectors. Two simple and efficient methods to establish the dynamic equilibrium equations are presented. The use of the singular value decomposition is also included. Finally some comparative results are presented.

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Ridolfo, Heather, and Alisú Schoua-Glusberg. "Analyzing Cognitive Interview Data Using the Constant Comparative Method of Analysis to Understand Cross-Cultural Patterns in Survey Data." Field Methods 23, no. 4 (August 25, 2011): 420–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1525822x11414835.

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The rise in multilingual surveys within the U.S. federal government and around the world has led to an increased need for assurance of comparable survey questions and resulting data. Cognitive interviewing (CI) is one method that allows us to examine how different language versions are interpreted and thus detects ways in which translated questions are not comparable. However, despite being a well-established question evaluation methodology, CI findings have been limited due to a lack of standards for analyzing interview data. The authors contend that cognitive interview findings can be strengthened by using existing qualitative analysis methods. In this article, the authors demonstrate how to conduct analysis of CI data using the constant comparative method and present the resulting findings.

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Mihailescu, Dănuţ, Octavian Frincu, and Marius Corneliu Gheonea. "The Comparative Analysis of Gas Emissions during Mechanized MAG Welding Using Cored Wires." Advanced Materials Research 814 (September 2013): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.814.82.

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The use of cored wire - shielding gas (gas mixture) pair, during mechanized Metal Active Gas - MAG welding, leads to the formation of gas emissions (CO2, CO, NOx, NO, O3 etc) which is harmful for the welder’s health. The paper addresses the experimental method applied to establish the gas emissions developed during MAG welding when rutile cored wires (standard and low fume emissions) and metal powder cored wires (standard and low fume emissions) are used. Carbon dioxide and the shielding gas mixture are investigated, too. Four types of cored wires were comparatively analysed, when three wire speed values were applied. The experimental results have revealed that using rutilic cored wires and increasing the speed feed, an augmentation of CO (ppm), constant values of O2 (%), insignificant constant values of NO (ppm) and NOx (ppm) and absence of CO2 (%) are achieved. Using metal cored wires and increasing the speed feed, increase of CO (ppm), insignificant values of NO (ppm) and NOx (ppm), and constant values of CO2 (%) and O2 (%) are noticed.

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Fu, Qiang, and Chun Ping Wang. "Comparative Analysis between Two Trajectory Models of Sinusoidal Maneuvering Missiles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 475-476 (December 2013): 616–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.475-476.616.

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For the sinusoidal maneuvering missile, its important but difficulty to distinguish the Base Course with Constant Velocity Model and the Tangential Arcs Model as the trajectory model. Their similarities and differences are studied to find out the selection method firstly, and their mathematical models are set up in the base-course coordinate system based on the existing references. Using the kinematical equations, the control complexities are derived. Then with the premise of same amplify, same max tangential velocity, same base-course pitch, their overloads and plane trajectories are compared, and drawn out some useful conclusions, such as TA model should be the prior selection for route planning, while BCCV model could be its approximate solution under certain conditions.

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Wakchaure, Samir D. "Fuzzy Logic MPPT Techniques in Solar Photovoltaic System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 603–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38016.

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Abstract: This paper presents the comparative analysis of most commonly used Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques viz Open Circuit Voltage (OCV), Perturb and Observe (PnO) and Incremental Conductance (INC) methods that are capable of extracting maximum power from the PV generation system. The OCV technique is an indirect MPPT method that tracks the Maximum Power Point (MPP) using empirical data or mathematical expressions with numerical corrections and approximations. To operate PV panels at that point (MPP) there are many MPPT method in literature, FLC MPPT method was preferred in this study because, its rapid response to changing environmental conditions and not affecting by change of circuit parameters. The accuracy of FLC MPPT method used in this system to find MPP changes, from 94.8% to 99.4%. To charge a battery there are two traditional methods which are constant current (CC), and constant voltage (CV) methods. For fast charging with low loss constant current and voltage source is a need. One of the methods providing constant is PI control which used in this study. Keywords: FLC (Fuzzy Logic Controller), CV, CC, Simulink, MPPT

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Zhou, Zhu Bo, Hong Zhang Ma, Xiao Bo Zhu, and Lin Sun. "Comparative Analysis of Forest Height Retrieval Methods by Polarimetric SAR Interferometry." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 4686–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.4686.

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The objective of this paper is to compare and analyze the forest height retrieval methods from Polarimetric SAR Interferometry(POLINSAR).Both of the methods based on DEM difference and that on interferometry coherence amplitude are generalized, analyzed, and compared.Also in this paper combined methods of DEM difference and interferometry coherence amplitude are proposed and validated.The ESA fullpolarimetric interferometry L-band data are used for forest height analysis.The results show that the height is severely underestimated using DEM difference method,In constast,interferometry coherence amplitude method has a overest imation of height.The combined method of DEM difference and interferometry coherence amplitude has a much better estimate,closer to the true height than these two methods.

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Tien Tay, Lea, William Ong Chew Fen, and Lilik Jamilatul Awalin. "Improved newton-raphson with schur complement methods for load flow analysis." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 16, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i2.pp699-605.

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<p>The determination of power and voltage in the power load flow for the purpose of design and operation of the power system is very crucial in the assessment of actual or predicted generation and load conditions. The load flow studies are of the utmost importance and the analysis has been carried out by computer programming to obtain accurate results within a very short period through a simple and convenient way. In this paper, Newton-Raphson method which is the most common, widely-used and reliable algorithm of load flow analysis is further revised and modified to improve the speed and the simplicity of the algorithm. There are 4 Newton-Raphson algorithms carried out, namely Newton-Raphson, Newton-Raphson constant Jacobian, Newton-Raphson Schur Complement and Newton-Raphson Schur Complement constant Jacobian. All the methods are implemented on IEEE 14-, 30-, 57- and 118-bus system for comparative analysis using MATLAB programming. The simulation results are then compared for assessment using measurement parameter of computation time and convergence rate. Newton-Raphson Schur Complement constant Jacobian requires the shortest computational time.</p>

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Wang, W.-Z., H. Wang, Y.-C. Liu, Y.-Z. Hu, and D. Zhu. "A comparative study of the methods for calculation of surface elastic deformation." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 217, no. 2 (February 1, 2003): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/13506500360603570.

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A fundamental issue of lubrication analysis is the calculation of surface deformation, which includes two major steps: determination of influence coefficients and multiplication and summation. There are various interpolation schemes, such as the bilinear interpolation, the piecewise constant function or Green's function, available for determining the influence coefficients, while the summation operation may be performed by using one of the following methods: direct summation (DS), multilevel multi-integration (MLMI) or the discrete convolution and fast Fourier transform (DC-FFT) method. To limit the periodical errors, the proper way to implement the DC-FFT method is described in detail. The computation efficiency and numerical accuracy are compared by applying the different methods to typical contact problems. The results show that the three methods can achieve comparable numerical accuracy, but the DC-FFT method shows much higher computation efficiency than the others, especially when a great number of grid points are involved. It is concluded that the DC-FFT method has great potential in applications to the numerical analysis of, for example, surface deformations and temperature rises.

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Anyadiegwu, Charley Iyke, and Nnaemeka Princewill Ohia. "Comparative Study of Oil Production Forecast by Decline Curve Analysis and Material Balance." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 3, no. 4 (April 17, 2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2018.3.4.472.

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Comparative analysis of forecast of rate of production of oil from a reservoir using decline curve analysis and material balance was presented. The data for reservoir A located Southeast, Nigeria was obtained for the study. The analysis on the well using decline curve analysis showed that the rate of production from the well over the years followed an exponential method of decline. The rate of production of the well was predicted to be 158 stb/day in 2020. The second analysis on the well was performed using material balance with MBAL. The rate of production of the well was predicted to be 411.984 stb/day in 2020. It was also read from MBAL that the well will have a constant flow rate from the 20th year to the 31st year of the producing life of the well which is 2020. It is seen that the values of rates of production gotten from the prediction analyses of the well using the two methods of analysis differ. The rate in 2020 was predicted to be 158 stb/day using decline curve analysis and 411.984 stb/day using material balance

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Spotkai, Svetlana E., and Lyudmila Y. Lykhina. "ANALYSIS OF SKIN PATTERNS OF GERMAN SHEPHERD’S RHINARIUM IN COMPARATIVE ASPECT." RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries 14, no. 1 (December 15, 2019): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2019-14-1-73-80.

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The popularity of the German Shepherd breed and its use in many areas of human life creates the need to search for new identification methods to establish ownership. The identification methods available, such as chipping and marking, have several disadvantages. The method of dogs’ identification by rhinarium’s imprint is comparatively cheap and reliable. Papillary patterns reflected on rhinarium’s imprint are relatively constant, and have common and particular signs of difference, which make it possible to distinguish the impression of one dog from another. Dogs of the same breed have a standardized exterior, that is, similarity in external characters, which suggests that there are similarities between common and particular characteristics within the same breed. It is found that imprints of the rhinarium of German shepherd breed dogs, obtained from dogs of different origin, housing and feeding conditions, have common features of papillary patterns peculiar to the given breed. The presented results of the comparison of skin patterns of the rhinarium show that this breed is characterized by a straight, straight round-pointed and V-shaped forms of the nose symmetry line, the majority of the representatives of the breed have prints heavily spotted with lines and, as a rule, have 2 branches of the line of symmetry, which proves the presence of breed characteristics and allows for the use of prints in forensic and forensic veterinary identification of dogs.

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GOPALAN, M. N., and U. DINESH KUMAR. "ANALYSIS OF COLD-STANDBY SYSTEMS — CUTTING AND CLUSTERING THE STATE SPACE." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 02, no. 03 (September 1995): 327–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539395000241.

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In this paper two methods, namely cutting and clustering the state space are discussed to find approximate solutions to n-unit cold-standby system with a single repair facility. It has been assumed that the failure rate is constant and the repair time is arbitrarily distributed. A mathematical model is developed using semi-regenerative phenomena and systems of convolution integral equations satisfied by various state probabilities corresponding to different initial conditions are obtained. Explicit expressions for the availability and the reliability of the system are obtained. An iterative method is used to solve the systems of integral equations obtained and a comparative study has been carried out between exact and approximate solutions.

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Butt, A. M., and Syed Waheed-ul-Haq. "Comparative Study for the Design of Optimal Composite Pressure Vessels." Key Engineering Materials 442 (June 2010): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.442.381.

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Composite pressure vessels require special design attention to the dome region because of the varying wind angles generated using the filament winding process. Geometric variations in the dome region cause the fiber to change angels and thickness and hence offer difficulty to acquire a constant stress profile (isotensoid). Therefore a dome contour which allows an isotensoid behavior is the required structure. Two design methods to generate dome profiles for similar dome openings were investigated namely Netting Analysis and Optimal Design method. Both methods assume that loads are carried by the fiber alone (monotropic) ignoring the complete composite behavior. Former method produced a lower dome internal volume and a higher fiber thickness as compared to the later optimal design method when studied against different normalized dome opening radiuses. The optimal dome contour was studied in ANSYS with a trial design. The dome was considered to have transversely isotropic property with a dome contour based on monotropic model. While investigating the dome with non linear large displacement finite element analysis, the dome still exhibited isotensoid behavior with transverse isotropic material assignment. Elliptic integrals were used to generate the optimal dome contours and hence elliptic dome contours were formed which were isotensoid in nature with complete composite representation.

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Zucolli, Andressa Volpato, and Douglas Freitas Augusto dos Santos. "Comparative analysis between steel and armed concrete structures." Engineering Sciences 8, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.6008/cbpc2318-3055.2020.002.0005.

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The execution of a building goes through several processes and stages in order to obtain the final result and with the construction of increasingly tall and slender buildings, the analysis of the structure becomes something of extreme importance for the safety, durability and good performance of a building. With civil construction in constant technological advances, several methods are presented to improve performance and project planning. Therefore, this article aims to present comparative methods of structural modeling and design in steel and reinforced concrete construction systems. Thus, the comparison between the two structural systems occurred with the aid of the Robot Structural Analysis 2020 and Revit 2020 software, two initial models were defined, namely, model I in reinforced concrete structure and model II in steel structure. For this assessment, the properties of the materials used, costs in relation to the materials, current standards and the agents that can influence the performance of the building, parameters such as global stability, displacement of elements and moments in the studied structural system were also considered. After processing both models, the results were analyzed and compared, demonstrating which of the methods is most viable and safe for execution.

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Onyeka, Festus Chukwudi. "A Comparative Analysis of the Rebound Hammer and Pullout as Non-Destructive Method in Testing Concrete." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 5, no. 5 (May 12, 2020): 554–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.5.1903.

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A comparative analysis between Rebound Hammer and Pullout method in testing concrete was conducted in this study. Experimental analysis were carried out to compare the correctness between the two testing method in estimating the strength of concrete. Different cube (cubes of 175 x 175 x 175) samples were prepared using two mix designs of 1:2:4 and 1:3:6 with a constant w/c ratio of 0.45 and were tested at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The rebound hammer readings had a correlation coefficient of 0.695 while the pullout had a correlation coefficient of 0.725 for the 1:2:4 mix and the rebound hammer readings for 1:3:6 was 0.724 and that for the pullout was 0.675. From the results obtained, it is observed that the non-destructive testing methods were correlated with the compressive strength results which showed that a higher correlation existed between the Rebound Hammer and the compressive strength than the Pullout. Statistical analysis of the results obtained showed that there was no significant difference between the means of the two methods for both mix at a 0.05 level of significance. However, Rebound hammer method can be recommended as it provides a quicker, less-expensive means of checking the uniformity of concrete even though it shows less sensitivity as concrete matures, unlike the Pullout test in which measuring strength is affected by the arrangement of the embedded insert, the dimensions of bearing ring, the depth of embedment, the concrete age and the type of aggregates uses in concrete.

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Haling, Linda, and Rebecca Spears. "Utilizing Retrospective Miscue Analysis Strategies With Fifth Grade Readers: Focus on Comprehension." LEARNing Landscapes 8, no. 2 (August 2, 2015): 189–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.36510/learnland.v8i2.704.

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The purpose of this action research endeavor was to change the culture of an accuracy view of reading to one of comprehension in a fifth grade classroom. The goal was to establish a common vocabulary and to revalue the process of reading. A constant comparative method of data analysis was used throughout the study to observe changes in students’ view of reading and use of miscue vocabulary. By the end of this study, students actively monitored comprehension, rather than trying to produce an oral reading event with 100% word accuracy.

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Gracheva, E. I., Z. M. Shakurova, and R. E. Abdullazyanov. "A comparative analysis of the most common deterministic methods for the calculation of electricity losses in industrial networks." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 21, no. 5 (December 17, 2019): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724//1998-9903-2019-21-5-87-96.

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: The work is devoted to the analysis of deterministic most common methods for determining electricity losses in low-voltage industrial power supply networks. The method of graphical integration, the method of calculating electricity losses using the maximum loss time, the method of determining losses by time 2t, the method of calculating electricity losses by the average node loads are considered. The features of the application of each method are revealed. It is shown that for the method of graphical integration, initial data on the dependences of load schedules for each network element are required, and the method of calculating losses by average node loads can be used in networks with relatively constant loads. We consider the methods of calculating the losses based on graphical integration, the time of largest losses, 2t and the root-mean-square loads.At the same time, the errors of the considered methods for calculating electricity losses can be due to such reasons as the neglect of the heating temperature of the conductors, the neglect of the resistances of the contact connections of switching devices, the inaccuracy of determining the values of losses during the highest and lowest power demand, the inaccuracy of determining the time of the largest losses,. disregarding the form of the load schedule of consumers.Using the example of an industrial radial network site with known load graphs of consumers, the electric power losses in the circuit lines with the specified methods were calculated with the determination of the error of each method and the identification of the causes of errors. In this case, the method of graphical integration was adopted as the reference method of calculation. As a result of the calculations, it was established that the method of calculating 2t has the smallest error. It is shown that when choosing a method for determining electricity losses, it is necessary to observe the condition of compliance with methodological and informational errors.

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Wong, Arch. "Understanding Students’ Experiences in Their Own Words: Moving Beyond a Basic Analysis of Student Engagement." Canadian Journal of Higher Education 45, no. 2 (August 31, 2015): 60–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v45i2.184369.

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This study examines the lived experiences of students as expressed in their reflections on their experiences of learning at Ambrose University in Calgary. It uses quantitative outcomes-related data from the National Survey of Student Engagement and the Theological School Survey of Student Engagement to illuminate qualitative data obtained through student focus groups. The analysis of the qualitative data was conducted using the constant comparative method developed by Glaser and Strauss. The study concludes with recommendations for improving student engagement.

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TAVAKOLI, M. S., and BRETT POOLE. "AN APPROACH FOR COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE TESTING OF SURGICAL BURS." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 01, no. 01 (May 2001): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519401000027.

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In this paper, a numerical procedure for obtaining a cutting performance "signature" for a bur is proposed. This procedure is applied to a comparative analysis of the cutting performance of a surgical bur under various operating conditions. An experimental method, which uses a constant feed rate and measures feed force, is utilized to perform tests leading to the data needed for the aforementioned procedure. Several proof-of-concept tests are performed and their results are presented. The proposed approach shows capability for tracking the cutting performance of a bur as it gets duller.

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Han, Xuebing, Xuning Feng, Minggao Ouyang, Languang Lu, Jianqiu Li, Yuejiu Zheng, and Zhe Li. "A Comparative Study of Charging Voltage Curve Analysis and State of Health Estimation of Lithium-ion Batteries in Electric Vehicle." Automotive Innovation 2, no. 4 (December 2019): 263–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42154-019-00080-2.

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AbstractLithium-ion (Li-ion) cells degrade after repeated cycling and the cell capacity fades while its resistance increases. Degradation of Li-ion cells is caused by a variety of physical and chemical mechanisms and it is strongly influenced by factors including the electrode materials used, the working conditions and the battery temperature. At present, charging voltage curve analysis methods are widely used in studies of battery characteristics and the constant current charging voltage curves can be used to analyze battery aging mechanisms and estimate a battery’s state of health (SOH) via methods such as incremental capacity (IC) analysis. In this paper, a method to fit and analyze the charging voltage curve based on a neural network is proposed and is compared to the existing point counting method and the polynomial curve fitting method. The neuron parameters of the trained neural network model are used to analyze the battery capacity relative to the phase change reactions that occur inside the batteries. This method is suitable for different types of batteries and could be used in battery management systems for online battery modeling, analysis and diagnosis.

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Verma, Suresh, Vijay Kumar, and K. D. Gupta. "A Comparative Elastohydrostatic Analysis of CFV- and Capillary-Compensated Multirecess Hydrostatic/Hybrid Journal Bearing Operating with Micropolar Lubricant." ISRN Tribology 2013 (April 7, 2013): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2013/924802.

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A comparative study on the performance characteristics of the flexible multirecess hydrostatic journal bearing system with constant flow valve and capillary restrictors has been presented considering the effect of micropolar parameters. The modified Reynolds equation for the flow of micropolar lubricant through the bearing has been solved using finite element method, and the resulting elastic deformation in the bearing shell has been determined iteratively. The results indicate that the micropolar parameters of the lubricant affect the performance of the flexible multirecess hydrostatic journal bearing system quite significantly.

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Gjedde, Albert, Klaus Wienhard, Wolf-Dieter Heiss, Gerd Kloster, Nils Henrik Diemer, Karl Herholz, and Günter Pawlik. "Comparative Regional Analysis of 2-Fluorodeoxyglucose and Methylglucose Uptake in Brain of Four Stroke Patients. With Special Reference to the Regional Estimation of the Lumped Constant." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 5, no. 2 (June 1985): 163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1985.23.

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The glucose metabolic rate of the human brain can be measured with labeled deoxyglucose, using positron emission tomography, provided certain conditions are fulfilled. The original method assumed irreversible trapping of deoxyglucose metabolites in brain during the experimental period, and it further requires that a conversion factor between deoxyglucose and glucose, the “lumped constant,” be known for the brain regions of interest. We examined the assumption of irreversible trapping of fluorodeoxyglucose metabolites in brain of four patients in 365 normal and 4 recently infarcted regions. The average net, steady-state rate of fluorodeoxyglucose ( KD) accumulation in normal regions of the four patients was 0.025 ml g−1 min−1. We also examined the variability of the lumped constant. We first confirmed that methylglucose is not phosphorylated in the human brain. We then estimated the lumped constant from the regional distribution of labeled methylglucose in brain. The average (virtual) volume of distribution of labeled methylglucose in the normal regions was 0.46 ml g−1 and was the same in both gray and white matter structures. The average brain glucose content corresponding to this value was 1.3 μmol g−1, assuming a Michaelis constant ( Kt) of 3.7 m M for glucose transport across the blood–brain barrier. The lumped constant varied insignificantly between 0.4 and 0.5 in most regions, with an overall average of 0.44. It did not vary significantly between the patients and was the same in gray and white matter structures, but was inversely related to the calculated metabolic rate. This observation indicates that metabolic rates calculated with a fixed lumped constant (e.g., 0.40) would be slightly underestimated at high metabolic rates and slightly overestimated at low metabolic rates. The average glucose metabolic rates of the 365 normal regions, in which gray matter regions prevailed by 20:1, was 32 μmol 100 g−1 min−1. The average glucose phosphorylation rate in white matter was 20 μmol 100 g−1 min−1 with a lumped constant of 0.45. In the recently infarcted areas, the lumped constants varied from 0.37 to 2.83, corresponding to glucose metabolic rates varying from 2 to 18 μmol 100 g−1 min−1. Two infarct types were identified. In one type, the phosphorylation-limited type, glucose content and the lumped constant were close to normal (1 μmol g−1 and 0.40, respectively). In the other, the transport/flow-limited type, the glucose content was low (0.2 μmol g−1), and the lumped constant in excess of unity. The evidence from the present study upholds the model of Sokoloff et al. in every detail.

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Paolucci, Paul. "Marx’s Method of Successive Abstractions and his Analysis of Modes of Production." Critical Sociology 46, no. 2 (December 11, 2018): 171–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920518809829.

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This is the first of two articles that investigate Marx’s method of successive abstractions, an approach that merges dialectical sensibilities with scientific procedures. This first article explains Marx’s techniques of concept construction and use of constants and variables in his comparative analysis of modes of production. The second article applies the method of successive abstractions to a historical-materialist sociology of religion.

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Samosenkova, T. V., and A. V. Korneeva. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VERBAL ASPECTS IN THE RUSSIAN AND SPANISH LANGUAGES AS A BASIS FOR PREPARING ETHNO-ORIENTED EXERCISES." Educational Psychology in Polycultural Space 53, no. 1 (2021): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24888/2073-8439-2021-53-1-45-55.

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In this article, we conduct a comparative analysis of the category of verbal aspect in the Russian and Spanish languages. We assume that a comparative analysis of linguistic phenomena in different languages is important in teaching Russian as a foreign language, since taking into account the students’ native language makes it easier to teach certain linguistic features when such features are identical in two languages. At the same time, it helps students avoid negative linguistic interference, which is the cause of many typical errors. The relevance of this topic is due to the constant increase in the number of Spanish-speaking students coming to study at preparatory faculties for foreign citizens at Russian universities. The topic Verbal Aspects is one of the most difficult ones to understand for foreigners, including those who speak Spanish. First of all, it is due to the peculiarities of the use and perception of this category in the students’ native language. The purpose of this article is to identify the peculiar features of conveying aspectual meanings, the similarities and differences in the use of the category of verbal aspect in both languages in order to subsequently develop ethno-oriented exercises for Spanish-speaking students, as well as to develop recommendations for providing ethno-oriented materials for a Hispanic audience. The following research methods are used in the article: the method of systemic-functional analysis, the method of complex theoretical analysis of the phenomenon under study, the method of comparative analysis that allows us to observe similarities and differences in the grammatical category of verbal aspect in Russian and in Spanish. In this article, we analyzed three possible ways for conveying Russian verbal aspects in Spanish: lexical, peripheral and morphological. However, if in Russian it may be enough to replace an imperfective verb with a perfective verb in order to change the meaning of a sentence, then in Spanish the structure of the entire sentence often changes. Thus, we cannot talk about the existence of a Spanish grammatical category analogous to the verbal aspect in the Russian language. The analysis will help us take into account the difficulties and cases of negative linguistic interference faced by Spanish-speaking students when studying the Russian verbal aspects, and create ethno-oriented exercises aimed at minimizing the students’ errors.

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Kress, R., and R. Roemer. "A Comparative Analysis of Thermal Blood Perfusion Measurement Techniques." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 109, no. 3 (August 1, 1987): 218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3138672.

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The object of this study was to devise a unified method for comparing different thermal techniques for the estimation of blood perfusion rates and to perform a comparison for several common techniques. The approach used was to develop analytical models for the temperature response for all combinations of five power deposition geometries (spherical, one- and two-dimensional cylindrical, and one- and two-dimensional Gaussian) and three transient heating techniques (temperature pulse-decay, temperature step function, and constant-power heat-up) plus one steady-state heating technique. The transient models were used to determine the range of times (the time window) when a significant portion of the transient temperature response was due to blood perfusion. This time window was defined to begin when the difference between the conduction-only and the conduction-plus-blood flow transient temperature (or power) responses exceeded a specified value, and to end when the conduction-plus-blood flow transient temperature (or power) reached a specified fraction of its steady-state value. The results are summarized in dimensionless plots showing the size of the time windows for each of the transient perfusion estimation techniques. Several conclusions were drawn, in particular: (a) low perfusions are difficult to estimate because of the dominance of conduction, (b) large heated regions are better suited for estimation of low perfusions, (c) noninvasive heating techniques are superior because they have the potential to minimize conduction effects, and (d) none of the transient techniques appears to be clearly superior to the others.

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Vinnik, Yuri Semenovich, and Dmitry Eduardovich Zdzitowiecki. "Dynamics of the system inflammation in staged abdominal repair of general purulent peritonitis." Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 4, no. 1 (January 19, 2011): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2011-4-1-40-44.

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This paper is devoted to the influence of constant transmembrane peritoneal dialysis during the systemic inflammatory response syndrome in patients with general purulent peritonitis (GPP). On the basis of comparative analysis of the results of staged surgical treatment of 67 patients with GPP the clinical efficacy of this method of the abdominal cavity was proved. As a result of constant transmembrane peritoneal dialysis has reduced the absolute risk of postoperative complications in the half-open run by BP at 23,0% and a relative on 27,1%

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Siddesh, K. B., B. Banakara, and R. Shivarudraswamy. "Comparison analysis of chattering in smooth sliding mode controlled DC-DC buck converter using constant plus proportional reaching law and proposed reaching laws." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 9, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 1291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v9i3.1780.

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This paper presents a comparative analysis of chattering in sliding mode controlled DC-DC buck converter for chattering suppression using constant plus proportional reaching law and proposed reaching laws. A smooth SMC is used for chattering suppression in buck converter. The different switching functions are used in proposed reaching laws and constant plus proportional reaching law applied to SMC buck converter, the tan hyperbolic reaching law, sigmoid reaching law and constant plus proportional rate reaching law. The proposed method tan hyperbolic gives less switching loss among the reaching laws and stable output voltage. Inturn, performance of the buck converter increases, tanhyperbolic reaching law is more sensitive to matched, mismatched disturbance and parameter uncertainties. Loading conditions are also applied to the buck converter to measure the disturbances and parametric variations. The results are verified by MATLAB/Simulink.

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Singh, Sapam Ningthemba, Sohini Chowdhury, Yadaiah Nirsanametla, Anil Kumar Deepati, Chander Prakash, Sunpreet Singh, Linda Yongling Wu, Hongyu Y. Zheng, and Catalin Pruncu. "A Comparative Analysis of Laser Additive Manufacturing of High Layer Thickness Pure Ti and Inconel 718 Alloy Materials Using Finite Element Method." Materials 14, no. 4 (February 12, 2021): 876. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040876.

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Investigation of the selective laser melting (SLM) process, using finite element method, to understand the influences of laser power and scanning speed on the heat flow and melt-pool dimensions is a challenging task. Most of the existing studies are focused on the study of thin layer thickness and comparative study of same materials under different manufacturing conditions. The present work is focused on comparative analysis of thermal cycles and complex melt-pool behavior of a high layer thickness multi-layer laser additive manufacturing (LAM) of pure Titanium (Ti) and Inconel 718. A transient 3D finite-element model is developed to perform a quantitative comparative study on two materials to examine the temperature distribution and disparities in melt-pool behaviours under similar processing conditions. It is observed that the layers are properly melted and sintered for the considered process parameters. The temperature and melt-pool increases as laser power move in the same layer and when new layers are added. The same is observed when the laser power increases, and opposite is observed for increasing scanning speed while keeping other parameters constant. It is also found that Inconel 718 alloy has a higher maximum temperature than Ti material for the same process parameter and hence higher melt-pool dimensions.

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Jakubovičová, Lenka, Milan Vaško, Milan Sága, and Peter Kopas. "Experimental and computational comparative study of the specimens loaded by bending and torsion." MATEC Web of Conferences 157 (2018): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815702016.

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The article presents the theoretical and computational analysis of the fatigue tested specimens loaded by bending and torsion. The testing device allows loading by constant turn of the clamping parts. The stress and strain magnitude in test depends on the material characteristics and shape of the specimen. The calculations are realized by finite element method (FEM). The obtained results are verified with the experimental measurement applying the optical system ARAMIS.

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Glaser, Barney G. "Conceptualization: On Theory and Theorizing Using Grounded Theory." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 1, no. 2 (June 2002): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/160940690200100203.

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This article explores the use of grounded theory to generate conceptualizations of emergent social patterns in research data. The naming of patterns and their abstraction across time, place and people, are discussed. The constant comparative method employed in grounded data analysis is offered as a developmental tool for enhancing researchers' abilities to conceptualize and form emergent theories. Conceptual levels, descriptions, power and flawed approaches to analysis are explored at length.

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Zergiebel, Stephanie, and Andreas Seeling. "Robust and Fast UV–HPLC Method for Biotransformation Analysis of Azecines." Chromatographia 84, no. 3 (January 23, 2021): 275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10337-021-04005-2.

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AbstractDibenzoazecines are a new class of drug candidates for the treatment of schizophrenia. Compared to the drugs currently used in therapy, the azecines have a novel mechanism of action. Thus, they have the potential to cause fewer side effects compared to the standard therapy with a constant high neuroleptic potency. This theory was substantiated by comparative in vivo tests with haloperidol and risperidone. Seventeen new azecine derivatives have already been tested furthermore of stability, physicochemical parameters, pharmacokinetics including esterase cleavage, stability in simulated gastrointestinal fluid, stability at different pH values and determination of octanol/water-partition coefficients. For these substances, class is still a lack of information concerning the metabolism. Therefore, the present study investigated and developed a reliable and reproducible gradient reversed-phase HPLC–UV method to determinate the lead structure LE404 alongside emerging metabolites in compliance with international requirements like ICH guidelines and the European Pharmacopoeia. Up to now, there is no innovative method suitable for such a determination. Chromatographic separations were achieved with a phenomenex™ Gemini column (5 µm C18 110 Å, 250 × 4.60 mm) using a mixture of acetonitrile/potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (4 mmol L−1, pH 2.5) as mobile phase. The gradient method flow rate was 1.0 mL min−1, and UV detection was made at 220 nm. The optimized HPLC method was found to be specific, accurate, reproducible and robust for determination of LE404.

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Voloşencu, Constantin. "A Comparative Analysis of Some Methods for Wind Turbine Maximum Power Point Tracking." Mathematics 9, no. 19 (September 27, 2021): 2399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9192399.

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The study in the paper is placed in the broad context of research for increasing the efficiency of capturing and converting wind energy. The purpose of the study is to analyze some mathematical methods for maximum power point tracking in wind turbines. The mathematical methods studied are on–off control, fuzzy control, and neural predictive control. The rules developed for maximum power point tracking are presented. The related control structures and their design methods are presented. The behaviors of the control systems and their energy efficiency are analyzed. Maximum power point tracking ensures a significant increase in the energy generated compared to the unfavorable case of operation at a small and constant load torque. The differences in energy efficiency between the methods of maximum power point tracking studied are small.

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Tutak, Wojciech, and Arkadiusz Jamrozik. "Comparative Analysis of Combustion Stability of Diesel/Ethanol Utilization by Blend and Dual Fuel." Processes 7, no. 12 (December 11, 2019): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7120946.

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The aim of the work is a comparison of two combustion systems of fuels with different reactivity. The first is combustion of the fuel mixture and the second is combustion in a dual-fuel engine. Diesel fuel was burned with pure ethanol. Both methods of co-firing fuels have both advantages and disadvantages. Attention was paid to the combustion stability aspect determined by COVIMEP as well as the probability density function of IMEP. It was analyzed also the spread of the maximum pressure value, the angle of the position of maximum pressure. The influence of ethanol on ignition delay time spread and end of combustion process was evaluated. The experimental investigation was conducted on 1-cylinder air cooled compression ignition engine. The test engine operated with constant rpm equal to 1500 rpm and constant angle of start of diesel fuel injection. The engine was operated with ethanol up to 50% of its energy fraction.

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Massaldi, H. A., J. Copello, A. Muller, and M. F. Villamil. "Improved method for estimating Ca uptake in vascular smooth muscle using compartmental analysis." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 259, no. 1 (July 1, 1990): R172—R183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1990.259.1.r172.

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A comparative study on the modeling aspects of Ca uptake in vascular smooth muscle is presented with particular emphasis on determination of the influx rate and its standard error for one- and two-compartment models. Experimental data from our laboratory of 45Ca uptake by dog carotid arteries were optimally fitted to a one-compartment model and were used to compare different estimation methods and experiment designs. Reparameterization of the model equation yielded an expression that allows direct estimation of the influx rate and its standard error. Experiment design with replicated sampling at three to four times were found to provide the highest estimation precision and successful comparisons of influx rates under treatment and control conditions. Two-compartment model data reported in the literature for Ca uptake by cells were reprocessed, yielding standard errors for the rate constant of the fast component an order of magnitude larger than the mean estimate. For this case, a three-parameter variant of the one-compartment model was developed that described the data with acceptable standard errors. Overall we found that the choice of the model that fitted Ca uptake data best required consideration of parameter estimate precision comparisons in addition to F tests of significance between alternate models.

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38

Kalbarczyk-Jedynak, Agnieszka, Dorota Stochła, and Marek Patsch. "Comparative Analysis of Danger Zone Ranges Determined for LNG in the Coastal Area." Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2018): 829–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mape-2018-0104.

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Abstract The analysis of danger zone ranges for LNG in the coastal area is an important task on account of, inter alia, the safety of human life. It is not an easy process, which is why we consider an danger situation for various weather conditions in the function of constant wind speeds and for various wind speeds in constant weather stability. Pasquill weather stability scale and Beaufort scale with regard to terrain roughness were adopted for the analysis. Both scenarios were considered in the example of Q-flex type vessels in the Świnoujście terminal for two methods of LNG release, i.e. related to a sudden explosion and slow release caused by a leak. The analysis was conducted and considered for the values in the top and bottom flammability limit. Modelling of the danger zone range was analysed with DNV PHAST software, version 7.11. In the process of comparison of the situation related to the risk of explosion in the function of various weather stabilities according to Pasquill scale and constant wind speeds, the values of 1.5 m/s and 5 m/s were adopted, corresponding to 1 and 3 wind force on the Beaufort scale. Those speeds correspond to the water conditions featuring tiny ripples and small waves, the crests of which start to break. The adopted weather stabilities analysed for wind speed equal to 1.5 m/s are A, B, D. A-type stability signifies the least stable atmospheric conditions, and D-type means neutral conditions. In turn, for the wind speed of 5 m/s B, D and F parameters in Pasquill scale were selected. Furthermore, ranges for variable wind speed values were analysed for the selected Pasquill stability.

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Christophe, Chiza, Bua Anthony, Goodluck Kapyela, and Abdi Abdalla. "Comparative Analysis of Multiplicative and Additive Noise Based Automated Regularizations in Non-Linear Diffusion Image Reconstruction." Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology 39, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52339/tjet.v39i2.699.

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Multiplicative and additive noises are often introduced in image signals during the image acquisition process and result into degradation of image features. The work done by Perona and Malik in 1990 and its modified versions revolutionized the way through which noises or speckles are removed. The Perona-Malik model requires tuning of the regularization parameter to control and prevent staircase artifacts in restored images. The current manual tuning is a challenging and time consuming practice when a long queue of images is registered for processing. Attempt to automate the regularization parameter appeared in Perona-Malik model with self-adjusting shape-defining constant. Although both multiplicative and additive noise based automated regularizations were presented, the paper stayed silent on matters concerning the automation method that fits with speckle reduction. This paper therefore, presents a comparative analysis of additive and multiplicative noise based automated regularizations. Simulation results and paired samples T-tests reveal that the multiplicative noise based automation outperforms the additive noise based automation for small speckle variances. However, the two automation methods do not significantly differ when large speckle variances are assumed.

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Ivanov, D. V. "ESTIMATION OF PARAMETERS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AUTOREGRESSIVE MODELS." Vestnik of Samara State University of Economics 1, no. 195 (January 2021): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/1993-0453-2021-1-195-33-37.

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The construction of time series models based on statistical data is one of the central tasks of modern econometric studies. Numerous economic models based on differential equations are used to explain the patterns of economic growth. The article is devoted to the estimation of parameters of economic growth models based on solutions of homogeneous differential equations with constant coefficients. A comparative analysis of methods for estimating the parameters of autoregression of economic dynamics series with additive interference in the output signal is carried out. The simulation results showed that the full least squares method gives the most accurate estimates. The most commonly used least squares method gives the worst estimates.

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Zhang, Jing, Haitao Yu, and Zhenchuan Shi. "Analysis of a PM Linear Generator with Double Translators for Complementary Energy Generation Platform." Energies 12, no. 24 (December 4, 2019): 4606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12244606.

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This paper presents a tubular permanent magnet (PM) linear generator (TPMLG) with one single stator and double translators for complementary energy generation platform. Moreover, groups of Halbach PM magnetized structure for double translators is applied to increase the radial air gap flux density and to decrease the axial air gap flux density in the TPMLG. Based on the linear generator model and finite element method (FEM), the radial air gap flux density and axial air gap flux density in the two translator of the TPMLG is calculated and analyzed comparatively. Magnet field distribution of the TPMLG with groups of Halbach PM magnetized structure is illustrated, no-load performance at constant velocity and at sine velocity is analyzed, respectively, and comparing with the radial magnetization PM, the detent force is analyzed contrastively. Finally, this study proposed an experiment system consisting of a TPMLG with a single translator, a cylindrical float and wave flume to verify the analysis results. Through comparative analyses, the proposed TPMLG with double translators and groups of Halbach PM magnetized structure fulfill the requirements of complementary energy generation platform systems.

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42

Abdel-Ghany, Maha F., Omar Abdel-Aziz, Miriam F. Ayad, and Mariam M. Tadros. "Comparative Study Between Multivariate and Univariate Analysis of Two Antidiabetic Combinations." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 100, no. 5 (September 1, 2017): 1379–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.16-0314.

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Abstract New multivariate and univariate methods were developed for the analysis of two novel gliptin combinations by manipulating the zero-order and ratio spectra of empagliflozin and linagliptin in combination, with application on Glyxambi® tablets, and of alogliptin and pioglitazone in combination, with application on Oseni® tablets. Linearity ranges for chemometric approaches using principal component regression and partial least-squares were found to be 2–10, 2.5–12.5, 5–15, and 5–25 μg/mL for empagliflozin, linagliptin, alogliptin, and pioglitazone, respectively, whereas the respective linearity ranges for the spectrophotometric approaches were found to be 5–15, 2–12, 5–15, and 5–15 μg/mL. The proposed spectrophotometric methods included ratio subtraction coupled withextended ratio subtraction, spectrum subtraction coupled with constant multiplication, and mean centering. Acceptable LOD and LOQ values were obtained by all methods. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between multivariate and univariate methods in comparison with the reference methods. The optimized methods provide fast and economic determination of the recently approved antidiabetic combinations without the complex instrumentation or time-consuming mobile phase preparations that were used in the chromatographic techniques reported in the literature.

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ZAHER, ASHRAF A., and ABDULNASSER ABU-REZQ. "A ROBUST NONMODEL-BASED TECHNIQUE FOR STABILIZING CHAOTIC SYSTEMS WITH CONSTANT DISTURBANCE INPUT." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 18, no. 11 (November 2008): 3503–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127408022548.

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The stabilization of nonlinear systems that exhibit chaotic behavior is presented using notch-filter output feedback control. The effect of constant disturbance input and/or parametric uncertainty on the systems' performance is studied for a class of nonlinear systems where bifurcation analysis is used to illustrate the period-doubling route to chaos. The motivation for using the notch-filter in the feedback is to selectively damp-out portions of the closed-loop power spectrum, thus truncating period-doubling. Double-notch-filter feedback is introduced as a regulation scheme to bring the chaotic system to a steady state. The effect of using the fixed-parameters feedback on the equilibrium points is carefully studied, and a robust numerical parameter-tuning method is presented. The efficiency of this method is verified via simulations applied to a third-order uncertain nonlinear system that has typical applications in power generation and voltage control. A comparative study with a model-based recursive backstepping controller is carried out to highlight the advantages and limitations of the proposed control system.

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44

Guo, Yi Ni, Yan Zhang, Jian Wang, and Ye Huang. "The Comparative Study of Three Press Methods on Tropical Folwer." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 2143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.2143.

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This article uses three methods, and let the flowers in different conditions.The first,natural conditions are in the average temperature of 25 degrees in the dry environment press 4 days;The second is 40% microwave power press 120s; The last,constant temperature 55 C, 12h .The test is about 40 kinds of tropical flowers that are suppressed, and the use of sensory evaluation and color difference meter calculation and analysis, to find out a good material under a certain condition without protecting color, after drying can still maintain good color and shape. Develop the dried material resource, expand the natural industry market.

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Susanto, Bambang, and Sukadwilinda. "ANALYSIS OF EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS TEXTILE AND APPAREL INDONESIA, CHINA, INDIA." Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting 1, no. 1 (March 26, 2020): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.38035/dijefa.v1i1.207.

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The textile and apparel industries are labor-intensive and capital-intensive industries. The focus of this research looks at the competitiveness of textiles and apparel in Indonesia, China and India. The research method used is comparative descriptive, with the Herfindahl approach, Trade Specialization, Relevealed Comparative Adventage and Constan Market Share. Herfindahl calculation shows the market structure in Indonesia, China and India in the form of perfect competition. While the Trade Specialization approach, Indian exports are more stable than Indonesia and China. The TSR approach generally shows Export Promotion. The Revealed Comparative Adventage approach, Indonesia and India show stable and stagnant results, the RCA scale shows that China has a comparative advantage and strong competitiveness. Conclusion of the research, the market structure takes the form of a perfect competition and Export Promotion. China Has comparative advantages and strong competitiveness, followed by Indonesia and India.

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Bakraev, М. М., F. Z. Bulyukova, E. B. Dumler, T. B. Soltukiev, and I. E. Ordashev. "Data Processing Method of Well Testing." Oil and Gas Technologies 134, no. 3 (2021): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32935/1815-2600-221-134-3-39-42.

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The article presents an analysis of technological schemes for the development of the XXIII layer of the Goyt-Kort field, as a result of which the implementation of measures for high pressure gas injection is proposed. The geological and production characteristics of the reservoir, technological features of the developed process and economic needs justified the choice of the Goyt-Кort field as a priority object for high-pressure gas injection to enhance oil recovery. As a result of the proposed measures, an increase in reservoir pressure was noted in the area of the first row of production wells, an improvement in their performance due to gas injection.The characteristic reasons for the frequent well workovers caused by deposits of asphalt-resin-paraffin substances in equipment, in tubing and flow lines have been identified. Measures are provided to eliminate and combat the listed complications. Thus, the field tested and implemented the technology of constant dosing of the inhibitor into the annulus of the well. Comparative testing of the activity of the reagents was carried out. To remove the clay bridging agent of the pore matrix of high-temperature terrigenous objects, the use of reagents based on boronfluorinehydrogen acid is recommended.

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Zahariea, Dănuţ. "Comparative Study of Blade Shape Design of Centrifugal Fan Impeller." Applied Mechanics and Materials 657 (October 2014): 619–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.657.619.

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For a centrifugal fan impeller the blade shape can be defined using two parameters: the blade angle and the blade width. There are different design methods depending on the assumption made on both the blade width and the blade angle. In this paper four design methods are presented: constant blade width and variable blade angle; hyperbolic blade width and variable blade angle; hyperbolic blade width and constant blade angle; linear blade width and variable blade angle. The sequential algorithm for solving the characteristic system of equations, which defines the blade geometry, is implemented in a MATLAB script file, for which principal code lines are explained. In the solving process of the characteristic system of equations for all four design methods considered, different relationships for relative velocity are obtained. The comparative graphical analysis of impeller blades obtained by all of the four design methods, as well as the blade geometry parameters is presented.

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Hudson, Kenneth, and Andrea Coukos. "The Dark Side of the Protestant Ethic: A Comparative Analysis of Welfare Reform." Sociological Theory 23, no. 1 (March 2005): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0735-2751.2005.00240.x.

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This article examines the impact of the Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism on the recent welfare reform movement and the 19th-century campaign to abolish outdoor relief. Contemporary advocates of welfare reform adopted the 19th-century model of charity organization and reform as their exemplar. The welfare reform movement focused on the morals of the poor and “welfare dependence,” while the 19th-century movement attempted to eliminate the distribution of aid outside the poorhouse and to discourage “indiscriminate almsgiving”“ on the part of individuals. We argue that the Protestant ethos represents a uniquely Anglo-American variety of Calvinist Puritanism. We also show that while this ethos is a fairly constant component of American culture it has under certain conditions produced severe retrenchments in aid to the poor that is welfare reform and the abolition of outdoor relief. These conditions include the presence of a tight labor market and political mobilization by advocates of reform. Drawing on Ragin's (1987) model of conjunctural causation, we argue that both conditions must be met before such reform movements are likely to occur. We also employ the comparative method to show why alternative explanations based on economic and demographic factors are inadequate to explain the events in question.

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Corbett, Kereng M., and Olga de Smidt. "Culture-dependent diversity profiling of spoilage yeasts species by PCR-RFLP comparative analysis." Food Science and Technology International 25, no. 8 (July 4, 2019): 671–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013219856779.

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Spoilage caused by yeasts is a constant, widespread problem in the beverage industry that can result in major economic losses. Fruit juices provide an environment that allows the proliferation of yeast. Some factories in South Africa are not equipped with laboratory facilities to identify spoilage yeasts and outsourcing becomes a prolonged process which obstructs corrective action planning. This study aimed to establish yeast diversity and apply a rapid method for preliminary identification of spoilage yeasts associated with a small-scale fruit juice bottling factory. Yeast population in the factory was determined by isolation from the production environment, process equipment and spoiled products. PCR-RFLP analysis targeting the 5.8S-ITS region and D1/D2 sequencing was used for identification. A total of 207 yeasts belonging to 10 different genera ( Candida, Lodderomyces, Wickerhamomyces, Yarrowia, Zygosaccharomyces, Zygoascus, Cryptococcus, Filobasidium, Rhodotorula/Cystobasidium and Trichosporon) were isolated and identified from the production environment and processing equipment. Candida intermedia, C. parapsilosis and Lodderomyces elongisporus were widely distributed in the factory. Zygosaccharomyces bailii, Z. bisporus, Zygoascus hellenicus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were isolated from the spoiled products. The data provided a yeast control panel that was used successfully to identify unknown yeasts in spoiled products from this factory using polymerase chain reaction-restriction length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) comparative analysis.

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Roza, Yanti Mulia. "INTERNAL TRIBAL CONFLICT IN THE REGENCY OF TANAH DATAR IN THE REFORM ERA." Alfuad: Jurnal Sosial Keagamaan 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31958/jsk.v5i1.2958.

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The purpose of this tribal research is to identify patterns of internal conflict in Tanah Datar District, which is located in three sub-districts. The method used is qualitative descriptive analysis with historical and sociological approaches. The primary sources were interviews with indigenous groups; LKAAM, KAN (Kerapatan Adat Nagari), MTKAAM (High Council for Natural Density Minangkabau), chiefs of the two conflicting parties, chairman of the MUI, Alim Ulama in nagari, secondary sources; books, articles and journals. Data analysis using constant comparative analysis method (grounded theory research). In the reform era, the struggle for the title of sako is not only to get tribal heritage and dignity, but is influenced by political needs and prestige.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Constant comparative analysis/method'

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