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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Constituted authorities

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Academic literature on the topic 'Constituted authorities'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Constituted authorities"

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Münte, Peter. "Participation in Administrative Decision-Making: A Sequential Analysis of Announcement, Obections and Concluding Letter." Comparative Sociology 8, no. 4 (2009): 565–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156913309x461642.

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AbstractThe essay summarizes results of a case study on participation in administrative decision-making on the release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). This case study evolved from a research project on social positioning within communication between government officials and citizens in different legally driven participation procedures. The communication within the participatory component of the permitting procedure will be interpreted as a "communicative collision" between two parties: A public authority obliged to contribute to a legally constituted public order, and citizens who wi

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AYKENS, PETER. "Conflicting authorities: states, currency markets and the ERM crisis of 1992–93." Review of International Studies 28, no. 2 (2002): 359–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210502003595.

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The concept of authority has recently received heightened attention in the international politics literature. Unfortunately, considerable confusion still exists regarding who possesses authority, how authority is constituted, how it erodes and how it differs from other means of generating compliance, most notably power. Drawing on work from international political economy and political theory, this article sets out to clarify some of the many ambiguities surrounding authority. It builds hypotheses regarding state/market authority relations and tests these hypotheses in the context of the Excha

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Yiangou, Anastasia. "The Orthodox Church of Cyprus, Enosis politics and the British authorities during the First World War." Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 44, no. 1 (2020): 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/byz.2019.28.

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This article examines relations between the Orthodox Church of Cyprus and the British colonial government during the First World War. I argue that the Great War constituted the first turning point in Church-State relations during colonial rule in Cyprus which, following other developments, finally collapsed during the 1950s. I discuss how the dynamic of the Enosis movement for the union of Cyprus with Greece was bolstered during the Great War. This in turn, the article will show, had significant repercussions on the attitudes of the Orthodox Church and the British authorities, transformed thei

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Bostan, Ionel, Mihaela Onofrei, Cristian Popescu, Dan Lupu, and Bogdan Firtescu. "Efficiency and Corruption in Local Counties: Evidence from Romania." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 16, no. 2 (2018): 215–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/16.2.215-229(2018).

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The current financial crisis and the lack of resources made imperative the analysis of the efficiency for managing public money, both at the central and at the local level. The general objective of the research is constituted by the estimate of the technical efficiency of all counties in Romania, as well as the analysis of its implications in local development. The originality and novelty of the study are supported by the research of a subject that has in the center the efficiency of the public authorities, current research direction for the public sector, in view of achieving a complex study.

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CONCONI, PAOLA, and HARM SCHEPEL. "Argentina–Import Measures: How a Porsche is worth Peanuts." World Trade Review 16, no. 2 (2017): 349–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745616000574.

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AbstractThe dispute Argentina-Measures Affecting the Importation of Goods concerns a series of measures imposed by Argentine authorities on economic operators as a condition for obtaining import licenses. These measures were introduced with the goal of advancing the Argentine government's stated policies of re-industrialization, import substitution, and elimination of trade balance deficits. From a legal point of view, the least interesting feature of the dispute was the substantive compatibility of these measures with Article XI:1 GATT as they clearly constituted import restrictions. Identify

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Aldgate, Tony. "I Am a Camera: Film and Theatre Censorship in 1950s Britain." Contemporary European History 8, no. 3 (1999): 425–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777399003069.

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Although the processes of censorship as exercised over the stage and screen in 1950s Britain shared similar characteristics, there were vital differences in the way in which the governing authorities construed the audiences who frequented these entertainment media. Because cinemagoers constituted a mass audience and were considered to be more impressionable, the criteria of ‘quality’ applied by the British Board of Film Censors differed markedly to those put into effect for the theatre by the Lord Chamberlain's Office. The reception afforded both the play and film of I Am a Camera reveals the

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Yambrusic, Edward S. "The Status of U.S. Copyright Relations with Taiwan." International Journal of Legal Information 13, no. 1-2 (1985): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500018357.

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The United States of America and the Republic of China (hereafter “ROC”) have maintained copyright relations pursuant to the 1948 Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation, signed at Nonking November 4, 1946. Article IX of the treaty guaranteed, inter alia,effective protection in the enjoyment of rights with respect to [the contracting parties'] literary and artistic works, upon compliance with the applicable laws and regulations, if any, respecting registration and other formalities which are or may thereafter be enforced by the constituted authorities; unauthorized reproduction, sale, di

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ROBERTS, BEN. "Entertaining the community: the evolution of civic ritual and public celebration, 1860–1953." Urban History 44, no. 3 (2016): 444–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926816000511.

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ABSTRACT:Civic ritual and pageantry have been mainstays of urban culture since the Middle Ages, but it has been suggested that they entered a period of decline from the 1870s onwards. This article suggests that instead, local authorities reformed and revised their use of civic ceremony, celebration and commemoration, in order to keep pace with contemporary culture and to maintain public interest. The towns of Darlington and Middlesbrough are considered to highlight the use of recreational and sensory-rich ritual in the urban setting. It is suggested that historians should therefore adopt a bro

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Черепанова, Екатерина, and Ekaterina Cherepanova. "Legal Problems of Corruption Crimes Classification." Journal of Russian Law 4, no. 9 (2016): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21225.

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The main goal of criminal legal science is determination of correlation between action and characteristics of corpus delicti which is constituted by criminal legislation. Only correct classification of crimes can guarantee justice preserved by law. The criminal legal assessment of corruption crimes is a separate problem of classification. Classification of such crimes is difficult in current activity of lawenforcement authorities and courts because of the conflict of law, redundancy of estimation definitions, etc. Besides the problem of counteraction of corruption was formulated as the main ch

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Kolb, Jonas. "Constituted Islam and Muslim Everyday Practices in Austria: The Diversity of the Ties to Religious Organizational Structures and Religious Authorities in the Process of Change." Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 40, no. 3 (2020): 371–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13602004.2020.1819129.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Constituted authorities"

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Ellis-Jones, Ian. "Beyond the Scientology case : towards a better definition of what constitutes a religion for legal purposes in Australia having regard to salient judicial authorities from the United States of America as well as important non-judicial authorities /." University of Technology, Sydney. Faculty of Law, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2100/404.

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The aim of this thesis is to formulate a better definition of religion for legal purposes than the formulation arrived at by the High Court of Australia in the 1983 decision of Church of the New Faith v Commissioner of Pay-roll Tax (Vic). In that case, known in Australia as the Scientology (or Church of the New Faith) case, two of five justices of the High Court of Australia considered belief in a supernatural Being, Thing or Principle to be an essential prerequisite for a belief system being a religion. Two other justices stated that if such belief were absent it was unlikely that one had a r

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Rahim, Ismail. "Criminal law in Islam." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26227.

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English, with some Arabic text<br>After justifying my rationale for this study, I have briefly propounded anthropological and philosophical perspectives for the institution and development of law in human society. Thereafter I have focused on the criminal law of Islām. With regards to invariable penalties for certain offences and variable penalties for others I have also stressed the oft-neglected issue of rehabilitation. Besides, I have also appraised criminal procedure and then concluded by refuting objections raised against Islāmic criminal law by critics. In sum, the following comes to li

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Books on the topic "Constituted authorities"

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Winter, Stefan. The Nusayris in Medieval Syria. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691167787.003.0002.

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This chapter re-examines the early development of the ʻAlawi community and its situation in western Syria in the medieval period in the wider context of what might be termed Islamic provincial history. It starts from the premise that the conventional image of the “Nusayris” has largely been fashioned by elite historical sources whose discourse on nonorthodox groups is a priori negative but which, when read against the grain and compared with other sources, can yield a less essentializing, less conflicting account of the community's development. In particular, the chapter aims to show that the

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Carrigan, William D., and Clive Webb. The Rise and Fall of Mob Violence against Mexicans in Arizona, 1859–1915. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037467.003.0004.

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This chapter reviews conventional narratives of racism and lynching, examining the extensive mob violence directed against persons of Mexican descent in Arizona Territory. While demonstrating the historical depth and contours of anti-Mexican animus in Arizona, the chapter also traces the pivotal social and political changes that shifted opinion against the lynching of Mexicans in the era of statehood in the 1910s. Moreover, there is no record of the illegal hanging of any Mexicans in Arizona after 1915. The strong reaction of Arizona's constituted authorities to the lynching of Mexican outlaws

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Walton, Charles. Clubs, Parties, Factions. Edited by David Andress. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199639748.013.021.

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Historical debate over the political clubs of the French Revolution over the past two centuries has turned on the question of whether factionalism grew out of their democratic principles or from external circumstances. This chapter suggests that neither ideology nor circumstances can fully account for this radicalization. Instead, the conditions of a ‘weak state’ must be addressed. When authorities were unable or unwilling to implement legislation or to respond to demands coming from society, the clubs often intervened, militating for action to be taken. Tax collection and the crisis of subsis

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Metzler, Irina. Intellectual Disability in the European Middle Ages. Edited by Michael Rembis, Catherine Kudlick, and Kim E. Nielsen. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190234959.013.4.

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This investigation of intellectual disability in the Middle Ages uncovers narratives of this perceived condition in the historical sources. Authors of normative texts, for instance, medical, legal, and natural-philosophical authorities, were the medieval equivalent of modern scientific experts with regard to defining, assessing, and controlling notions of intellectual disability. This new and specific discussion seeks to reframe the paradigm of what constituted intellectual disability at different periods in both medieval and modern times. Philosophically, and subsequently judicially, medieval

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The Essential Public Health Functions in the Americas: A Renewal for the 21st Century. Conceptual Framework and Description. Organización Panamericana de la Salud, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275122648.

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The essential public health functions (EPHFs) have constituted the core of the agenda for strengthening the health sector in the Region of the Americas since the 1980s. Their conceptual development and measurement in the Region came in response to sectoral reforms that threatened to reduce the role of the State and public health, particularly the stewardship function of the health authorities. In that context, in 2000, the Member States of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) proposed to promote a conceptual and methodological framework for public health and its essential functions, giv

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1751-1836, Madison James, Henry John ca 1776-1853, and United States. President (1809-1817 : Madison), eds. Message from the president of the United States, transmitting copies of certain documents obtained from a secret agent of the British government, employed in fomenting disaffection to the constituted authorities, and in bringing about resistance to the laws, and eventually, in concert with a British force, to destroy the union of the United States. A. & G. Way ..., 1987.

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Hardy, Duncan. Associative Political Culture in the Holy Roman Empire. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827252.001.0001.

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What was the Holy Roman Empire in the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries? At the turning point between the medieval and early modern periods, this vast central European polity was the continent’s most politically fragmented. The imperial monarchs were often weak and distant, while an array of regional actors played autonomous political roles. The Empire’s obvious differences from more centralized European kingdoms have stimulated negative judgements and fraught debates, expressed in the historiographical concepts of fractured ‘territorial states’ and a disjointed ‘imperial constitution’. This b

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Hollis, Duncan B. Sources in Interpretation Theories. Edited by Samantha Besson and Jean d’Aspremont. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198745365.003.0021.

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This chapter examines the relationship between international law’s sources and its theories of interpretation. Challenging assumptions that the two concepts are, at best, casual acquaintances, this chapter reveals and explores a much deeper, interdependent relationship. Sources set the nature and scope of international legal interpretation by delineating its appropriate objects. Interpretation, meanwhile, operates existentially to identify what constitutes the sources of international law in the first place. The two concepts thus appear mutually constitutive across a range of doctrines, theori

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Schwartz, Alex. Public Housing and Vouchers. Edited by Daniel Béland, Kimberly J. Morgan, and Christopher Howard. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199838509.013.005.

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Public housing and rental vouchers constitute two distinct forms of housing subsidy in the United States. Public housing, the nation’s oldest housing program for low-income renters provides affordable housing to about 1.2 million households in developments ranging in size from a single unit to multibuilding complexes with hundreds of apartments. The Housing Choice Voucher Program, founded more than 35 years after the start of public housing is now the nation’s largest rental subsidy program. It enables around 2 million low-income households to rent privately owned housing anywhere in the count

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Ray, Sumantra (Shumone), Sue Fitzpatrick, Rajna Golubic, Susan Fisher, and Sarah Gibbings, eds. Fraud and misconduct. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199608478.003.0025.

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Fraud and misconduct are firstly introduced by clearly defining the meaning of the two words along with what constitutes good data quality and data integrity. Falsification, Fabrication and Plagiarism are discussed. The concept of how regulators view high quality data is described along with the consequences of falsification. The chapter then goes on to present multiple definitions of fraud and misconduct to show similarities and differences between regulatory authorities in the UK and US as compared to other organisations such as the Royal College of Physicians, the Medical Research Council P

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Book chapters on the topic "Constituted authorities"

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Prokhorova, Anna. "Diaspora Policies, Consular Services and Social Protection for Russian Citizens Abroad." In IMISCOE Research Series. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51237-8_15.

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AbstractRussia’s diaspora policies target a broad category of compatriots including both Russian nationals residing abroad and non-nationals with Soviet background, which are estimated at around 30 million people. Russian nationals abroad constitute about 1/5 of all compatriots residing abroad. Diaspora-related legislation and institutional framework are focused on compatriots living in former Soviet republics, so-called ‘Near Abroad’. Until 2006, diaspora policies addressed primarily cultural and language support of Russian-speaking compatriots abroad. In 2007, to compensate for the natural population decline, Russian authorities launched the State Program for Assisting Compatriots Residing Abroad in Their Voluntary Resettlement in the Russian Federation. Meanwhile, after 2010, the outflow of Russian nationals for permanent residence abroad increased. Between 2011 and 2017, the estimated 2.7 million people left the country to live somewhere beyond former Soviet republics. Russian citizens residing abroad have a right to pension benefits, one family-related benefit, and free access to public health services on the territory of Russia. Russian nationals permanently residing in the so-called ‘Far Abroad’ have been mostly beyond the outreach of the Russian authorities. Legislative initiatives targeting specifically this category of compatriots are rare, and often associated with control mechanisms rather than support measures.

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Aydin, Seda, and Eva Østergaard-Nielsen. "Diaspora Policies, Consular Services and Social Protection for Turkish Citizens Abroad." In IMISCOE Research Series. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51237-8_25.

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AbstractIn this chapter, we examine diaspora policies and social protection in Turkey, an EU candidate country with a significantly large emigrant population in the EU. Turkey’s diaspora engagement has taken various forms in line with the domestic and international developments over the decades. From the early 2000s, the Turkish state has adopted an active approach to diaspora policies, in accordance with its assertive neo-Ottomanist foreign policy (Aydin Y, The new Turkish diaspora policy: its aims, their limits and the challenges for associations of people of Turkish origin and decision-makers in Germany (working paper). Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik-SWP-Deutsches Institut für Internationale Politik und Sicherheit, Berlin, 2014; Mencutek ZS, Baser B, J Balkan Near East Stud 20:86–105, 2018). In this period, the Turkish Government has depicted the Turkish diaspora both as a political and economic resource in the transnational policy-making and lobbying procedures, and as a population that needs protection and guidance vis-à-vis host country authorities (Mencutek ZS, Baser B, J Balkan Near East Stud 20:86–105, 2018). This chapter demonstrates that this two-dimensional approach has also been influential in social protection policies addressing Turks abroad. Turkish authorities mostly aim to assist migrants with navigating the welfare system in the receiving countries. This approach is complemented by a strategy of fortifying transnational economic, political and cultural ties with Turks abroad as part of public diplomacy and the attainment of soft power goals. With elements such as child benefits, expansion of the related attaché offices, and educational services for children, family-related benefits constitute the most accentuated social protection policies adopted by the Turkish state. The significance of family in Turkish diaspora social protection policies fits well with the Government’s emphasis on family values as an intrinsic part of its conservative policies.

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Dacar, Rok. "Forcible medical intervention as a violation of Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights." In Selected Aspects of Human Life in Civil and Criminal Law. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-473-6.10.

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The European Court of Human Rights has on multiple occasions considered the question of whether an act of forcible medical intervention constituted a violation of Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights. It found that it did not if the applicant could not prove he dissented to the medical intervention being carried out, if the act was one of medical necessity or if the medical intervention was necessary for obtaining evidence for use in criminal proceedings. However, national authorities must follow strict rules both in the determination of whether forcible medical intervention will be carried out and in its methods of execution.

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Kling, David W. "Conversion by Coercion." In A History of Christian Conversion. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195320923.003.0007.

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As Christian European society expanded geographically and as the Latin Church insisted on its universal rule, the perceived contamination of Christians by “religious aliens” accelerated intolerance by church and state authorities, mobs, and vigilante groups. This chapter examines the forced conversions of Jews and pagans. In four incidents of Jewish conversion, the threat of violence or of some kind of negative consequence (e.g., economic pressure) constituted if not forced conversions then certainly pressure to convert. Jews, however, were only one group, and a relatively small one, targeted for forcible Christian conversion. Throughout the medieval period, thousands of pagans were brought into the Christian fold by forcible means—from Charlemagne’s eighth-century campaign against the Saxons to the Sword Brothers’ thirteenth-century campaigns against the Lithuanians and Estonians.

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Crossley, Stephen. "The evolution of the Troubled Families Programme." In Troublemakers. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447334729.003.0004.

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This chapter considers the evolution of the Troubled Families Programme (TFP) as it has been implemented. Shifts and developments in the first phase are discussed, including the problems of some local authorities in finding troubled families and the subsequent relaxation of the criteria for what constituted a ‘troubled family’ at that stage of the programme. The chapter discusses the changes that happened as a result of the massive expansion of the programme into its second phase, working with 400,000 more families, including new entry criteria for families, new measures of success, and a new Payment by Results (PbR) framework. It also explores the next phase of the programme, announced in April 2017 and with a stronger focus on supporting workless families into employment.

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Bischof, Christopher. "The Job Market." In Teaching Britain. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198833352.003.0005.

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Chapter five, ‘The Job Market’, maps out the challenges teachers faced in seeking work. They had to navigate a curious mix of paternalistic favouritism and bureaucratic meritocracy, procedural transparency and opaqueness, conservative and more radical ideas about gender on the part of hiring authorities. Most of all, teachers had to make big choices early in their careers: did they want to make personal sacrifices and endure a seemingly endless series of moves to try to secure a well-paying and prestigious position in a large urban school, or did they want to put down roots in a community, even if it meant settling for a less-than-desirable position? Did they want to stay in Britain or venture out to the empire, where they had a much greater chance of securing a well-paying job at a relatively young age? Teachers forged new understandings of what constituted fair and just hiring practices and desirable careers paths as they confronted, discussed, and protested the dilemmas they faced on the job market.

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Justin, Monsenepwo. "Part 2 National and Regional Reports, Part 2.1 Africa: Coordinated by Jan L Neels and Eesa A Fredericks, 12 Democratic Republic of the Congo: Congolese Perspectives on the Hague Principles." In Choice of Law in International Commercial Contracts. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198840107.003.0012.

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This chapter highlights Congolese perspectives on the Hague Principles. It first outlines the sources of private international law for international commercial contracts in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Until July of 2016, Articles 8–15 of the Decree of May 4, 1895 (Title II of the Civil Code Book I) constituted the most relevant national source of private international law. As of January of 2019, there is no plan from the Congolese authorities for the adoption of new conflict of laws provisions after the repeal of Title II of the Congolese Civil Code I. If new rules of private international law were developed and adopted, the Hague Principles could theoretically play an important part in providing the Congolese lawmakers with apt rules on choice of law in international commercial contracts. However, since most Congolese lawmakers, judges, and legal advisors do not know the Hague Principles yet, their use for the development of new statutes is practically unlikely. Hence, it is important to widely diffuse the Hague Principles in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Franklin, Leo M. "The Lure of Peace." In Jewish Preaching in Times of War, 1800 - 2001. Liverpool University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781906764401.003.0022.

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This chapter deals with a sermon by Leo M. Franklin. The occasion for the present address was a period of intense diplomatic activity following a note from the German Imperial Chancellor in 1918 to President Wilson, requesting a general armistice among all belligerents. This led to negotiations for a restoration of peace. Independently, the Austro-Hungarians sent a similar note. Wilson replied by setting the evacuation of enemy forces from all Allied territory as a precondition for any armistice, and seeking unambiguous clarification of whether the Germans accepted the Fourteen Points and whether the Imperial Chancellor was indeed ‘speaking for the constituted authorities of the Empire who have so far conducted the war’. The British and French generally approved of Wilson's response, many interpreting it as having avoided a German ‘peace trap’. Some, however, criticized it as weakening the Allied position; and there was little public support for an armistice on terms short of an unconditional German surrender. The position taken by Franklin in his first Sunday address following the dramatic exchange of diplomatic correspondence was therefore in the mainstream of American public opinion.

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Bozçalı, Fırat. "Money for Life: Border Killings, Compensation Claims and Life-Money Conversions in Turkey’s Kurdish Borderlands." In Turkey's Necropolitical Laboratory. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474450263.003.0009.

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This chapter examines the state’s necropolitical management of cross-border mobility and the border killings that border patrols committed in Turkey’s Kurdish borderlands. Based on ethnographic research among Kurdish litigants and human rights lawyers in courtrooms and border villages of Van Province, the chapter examines compensation claims that Kurdish litigants pursued for the border killings at Turkish courts. Although most of the killing cases resulted in criminal impunity and individual perpetrators were often exonerated from criminal liability, compensation claims can still be pursued to hold state authorities financially responsible for the killings. The chapter discusses how Kurdish litigants and their lawyers articulated the state’s financial responsibility as an alternative form of justice-seeking and gave political-symbolic meanings to compensation claims. Examining the ways in which Turkish courts converted the lost lives into money value through factual as well as counterfactual legal, social, economic and biological assumptions, it further documents that the compensation awards often fell short of compensating the lost livelihoods and Kurdish litigants were compelled to engage back in smuggling and face a constant risk of death. The chapter ultimately shows the co-constituted and co-exercised political and economic subjugation of lives and livelihoods in Turkey’s Kurdish borderlands.

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Tuszewicki, Marek. "Biblical and Talmudic Tradition." In A Frog Under the Tongue. Liverpool University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781906764982.003.0003.

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This chapter discusses the treatment of medical matters in the Biblical and Talmudic tradition. It talks about the way in which the holy books, as well as the midrashic, ethical, and kabbalistic literature based on them, influenced curative practices in Jewish society. Among the many customs of Jewish society, there are many examples of instrumental treatment of books. The Bible and Talmud created a system of laws regulating all aspects of a Jew's life, and contained many detailed pronouncements on health-related issues, including physical cleanliness, procedures designed to help maintain physical health, and the correct diet. So many and such varied matters were regulated in various places scattered throughout the extensive treatises and chapters that it seemed impossible to know them all fully. Assistance was at hand in the form of the halakhic codes but the rabbinic authorities of Ashkenaz discouraged study of halakhic matters from sources other than those written in Hebrew as they did not trust translations. The wealth of Bible-related resources grew larger the further one departed from a literal interpretation of words and quotations. The Bible constituted a boundless reservoir of quotes which might be used in conjurations against illnesses or on amulets. These were seen not only as guidance for action, but also as integral elements of sorcery.

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Conference papers on the topic "Constituted authorities"

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Nová, Monika. "Majority society and its coexistence with Arab and Muslim neighbors in the city of Teplice." In XXIII. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách / 23rd International Colloquium on Regional Sciences. Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9610-2020-54.

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Writing this paper, the author wished to define problems that stem from the process of integrating Arab immigrants into the wider contemporary society of Teplice, not least because the city has often been mentioned in Czech media as a place where the foreigners are allegedly ill-adjusted to the local culture. Relying on the methods of qualitative research and on specifically constituted focus groups, we tried to find out what makes the process of integration in the city so troubled. In so doing, we considered the views presented by the representatives of municipal authorities, the non-profit s

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Asnaashari, Ahmad, and Isam Shahrour. "Analysis of Water Mains Failure Frequencies: Artificial Neural Networks Versus Poisson Regression, Case Study — Sanandaj-Iran." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43402.

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This paper includes analysis of water mains failure in Sanandaj city (in Iran) using both the artificial neural networks and the Poisson regression. This issue constitutes a major challenge in Iranian water authorities for its environmental consequences and associated direct and indirect costs such as the lost of purified water and the social impacts. According to 10-years collected data in Sanandaj city, an artificial neural networks model is proposed for the prediction of failure in water mains network; the performances of this model are then compared to the conventional Poisson regression.

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Krupowicz, Wioleta, and Katarzyna Sobolewska-Mikulska. "Possible Applications of Spatial Analyses in Designing the Agricultural Road Network with Particular Consideration of the Environmental and Landscape Aspects." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.208.

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The development of the agricultural road network is a complex activity based on a broad range of criteria necessary to be taken into account during analyses and desk studies. The analyses and design solutions cannot be unilateral, considering only technical and economic aspects. Elements of environmental protection and management of agricultural landscape, as well as solutions in the scope of protection of soils and waters are necessary in this type of design works, and result from solutions accepted for implementation in reference to the rural areas of all Member States of the European Union.

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Cnapelinckx, Pierre, and Fanny Castillo. "IDEA: An Integrated Set of Tools for Sustainable Nuclear Decommissioning Projects." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75699.

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Projects Decommissioning of nuclear installations constitutes an important challenge and shall prove to the public that the whole nuclear life cycle is fully mastered by the nuclear industry. When ceasing operation, nuclear installations owners and operators are looking for solutions in order to assess and keep decommissioning costs at a reasonable level, to fully characterize waste streams (in particular radiological inventories of difficult-to-measure radionuclides) and to reduce personnel exposure during the decommissioning activities taking into account several project, site and country sp

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Detilleux, Michel, and Baudouin Centner. "In-House Developed Methodologies and Tools for Decommissioning Projects." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7350.

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The paper describes different methodologies and tools developed in-house by Tractebel Engineering to facilitate the engineering works to be carried out especially in the frame of decommissioning projects. Three examples of tools with their corresponding results are presented: - The LLWAA-DECOM code, a software developed for the radiological characterization of contaminated systems and equipment. The code constitutes a specific module of more general software that was originally developed to characterize radioactive waste streams in order to be able to declare the radiological inventory of crit

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