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Journal articles on the topic 'Constraining weeds'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Arnaud-Freddy, Yapi. "Constraining weeds in okra cultivation and farmer management of weeds in South-East of Côte d'Ivoire." Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) 25, no. 4 (2024): 71–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15510654.

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This study was carried out among okra growers in the La Mé region, with the aim of identifying farmers’ weed management practices and the main weeds present in the fields. Using a questionnaire coupled with a floristic inventory in each field, the agrotechnical characteristics of the farms and the main weed species were determined. The results show that 94.67% of the farmers surveyed use herbicides and 67.33% use insecticides. Almost all the herbicides used were total herbicides, applied before sowing. 68.67% of growers carry out three weed control operations per production cycle,

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2

YAPI, Arnaud-Freddy, Arsène GUE, Ahia Christine Florence KPLA, and Maxime N’tapké Kama BORAUD. "Abundance and Partial Harmfulness Index (PHI) of Weeds in Plantain (Musa paradisiaca L., Musaceae) in Mé Region, South-East Côte d'Ivoire." Asian Journal of Biology 21, no. 6 (2025): 80–91. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2025/v21i6515.

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Poor weed management can result in additional costs that can be estimated at over 35%. Determining of the most troublesome weeds is becoming an essential part of effective weed control. A study was therefore carried out in the south-east of Côte d'Ivoire, in plantain plantations, to identify abundant weeds and assess their potential for causing damage. Two approaches were used. The first one consisted in carrying out a survey of plantain growers and the second in carrying out floristic surveys in plantain fields. To do this, the degree of infestation and the Partial Harmfulness Index of the ma

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GHAMARI, Hossein. "Weed Interference Effects on Leaves, Internode and Harvest Index of Dry Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 7, no. 1 (2015): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb719415.

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The development of appropriate weed management strategies and efficient use of herbicides relies upon understanding weed-crop interactions. A field study was carried out to assess the effect of weed interference on leaves, internode and harvest index of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The experiment was established under a randomized complete block design with two types of weed interference treatments: plots with weeds and plots without weeds at different time intervals (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 days after crop emergence). The sigmoid Boltzmann model was used to quantify the crop traits as i

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N.D, Zatale, Chandurkar R.S, Shinde M.P, et al. "RNAi in Plant Protection: A Targeted Approach for Insect Pest Suppression." Agriculture Association of Textile Chemical and Critical Reviews 13, no. 2 (2025): 187–91. https://doi.org/10.21276/aatccreview.2025.13.02.186.

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The biggest challenge faced by humanity in the 21 st is how to increase crop yields in a profitable, efficient, and sustainable way. There are several issues constraining agricultural productivity, such as damage by insect pests, diseases, and weeds. Currently, chemical pesticides remain the major approach used for suppressing insect pests owing to their well-controlled effect. Unfortunately, the excessive application of chemical pesticides has caused some serious problems threatening the environment and human health. RNAi is a post-transcriptional gene silencing mechanism initiated by the int

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Fernández-Aparicio, Mónica, Lidia del Moral, Stéphane Muños, Leonardo Velasco, and Begoña Pérez-Vich. "Genetic and physiological characterization of sunflower resistance provided by the wild-derived OrDeb2 gene against highly virulent races of Orobanche cumana Wallr." Theoretical and Applied Genetics 135, no. 2 (2021): 501–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-021-03979-9.

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Abstract Key message OrDeb2 confers post-attachment resistance to Orobanche cumana and is located in a 1.38 Mbp genomic interval containing a cluster of receptor-like kinase and receptor-like protein genes with nine high-confidence candidates. Abstract Sunflower broomrape is a holoparasitic angiosperm that parasitizes on sunflower roots, severely constraining crop yield. Breeding for resistance is the most effective method of control. OrDeb2 is a dominant resistance gene introgressed into cultivated sunflower from a wild-related species that confers resistance to highly virulent broomrape race

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MUNYULI, Théodore, Justin OMBENI, Bienfait BASHI MUSHAGALUSA, Arcadius KUBUYA, Alain IRENGE, and Gentil KIWAF HERADI. "DIAGNOSTIC OF THE CURRENT LIVELIHOOD EVOLUTION, FARMING PRACTICES, PRODUCTION CONSTRAINTS, POST-HARVEST PROCESSING, TRADING AND VALUE-CHAIN SYSTEMS OF SWEETPOTATO IN NORTH-KIVU PROVINCE, EASTERN OF DRCONGO." International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Bioresearch 07, no. 06 (2022): 11–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.35410/ijaeb.2022.5778.

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Although in many countries of Sub-Sahara Africa, sweet potato has been found to be very important for food security for farmers who depended on it for their livelihood, little documentation on the production constraints, preferences for sweetpotato genotypes by farmers, pre- and post-harvest handling and value chain issues were available for North-Kivu province. Hence, a survey assessment was conducted (March-December 2021) in major sweetpotato growing territories in North-Kivu province. Data was collected through field visits, semistructured interviews, focus group discussions and field obser

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Henry, Georgia A., and John R. Stinchcombe. "G-matrix stability in clinally diverging populations of an annual weed." Evolution 77, no. 1 (2022): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpac005.

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Abstract How phenotypic and genetic divergence among populations is influenced by the genetic architecture of those traits, and how microevolutionary changes in turn affect the within-population patterns of genetic variation, are of major interest to evolutionary biology. Work on Ipomoea hederacea, an annual vine, has found genetic clines in the means of a suite of ecologically important traits, including flowering time, growth rate, seed mass, and corolla width. Here we investigate the genetic (co)variances of these clinally varying traits in two northern range-edge and two central population

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Brinkhoff, James, John Hornbuckle, and Jan Barton. "Assessment of Aquatic Weed in Irrigation Channels Using UAV and Satellite Imagery." Water 10, no. 11 (2018): 1497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10111497.

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Irrigated agriculture requires high reliability from water delivery networks and high flows to satisfy demand at seasonal peak times. Aquatic vegetation in irrigation channels are a major impediment to this, constraining flow rates. This work investigates the use of remote sensing from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and satellite platforms to monitor and classify vegetation, with a view to using this data to implement targeted weed control strategies and assessing the effectiveness of these control strategies. The images are processed in Google Earth Engine (GEE), including co-registration, a

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Kromm, Arne, Thomas Kannengiesser, Jens Altenkirch, and Jens Gibmeier. "Residual Stresses in Multilayer Welds with Different Martensitic Transformation Temperatures Analyzed by High-Energy Synchrotron Diffraction." Materials Science Forum 681 (March 2011): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.681.37.

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Low Transformation Temperature (LTT) alloys were developed in order to control the residual stress development by the martensitic phase transformation already during cooling of the weld metal. The positive effect of such LTT alloys on the mitigation of detrimental tensile residual stresses during welding has already been confirmed on the basis of individual laboratory tests. Within the current project it was experimentally investigated whether the phase transformation mechanisms are effective under increased restraint due to multi-pass welding of thicker specimens. The local residual stress de

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Ferreira, Susana, Fátima Oliveira, Francisco Gomes da Silva, et al. "Assessment of Factors Constraining Organic Farming Expansion in Lis Valley, Portugal." AgriEngineering 2, no. 1 (2020): 111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering2010008.

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Organic farming can play an important role in rural development and food production, by reinforcing the trend toward sustainable agriculture and its purpose of ecosystem conservation. The agribusiness of organic farming is particularly relevant in family farming, given the labor availability and the short marketing circuits. The innovative techniques of organic farming, namely with soil fertility, weed and pest control, opens a wide range of possibilities in its development and extension. The expectation of organic farming profitability in small-scale family farming, supported by known success

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Bhardwaj, Piyush, Jaspreet Kaur, Charu Gera, and Manoj Malik. "Effect of mCIMT with and without interval on hand in patient suffering from stroke." Romanian Journal of Neurology 20, no. 1 (2021): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjn.2021.1.8.

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Introduction. Paresis of hand has severe impact on the life of the stroke patients. Modified constrained induced movement therapy (mCIMT) can be used to treat the involved limb of the patient. It involves constraining of functional hand and increasing the activity of paretic hand which overcomes the “learned disuse” that develops following stroke but the constraining also creates difficulties for the patient and reduces his/her compliance to the treatment. Hence this trial aims to study the effect of mCIMT with and without interval to see if providing relaxation in between the treatment would

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Yaqoob, Tahir, Kendrah D. Murphy, and Yuichi Terashima. "An accretion disk laboratory in the Seyfert 1.9 galaxy NGC 2992." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, S238 (2006): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921307004826.

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AbstractOver twenty five years of X-ray observations of the Seyfert 1.9 galaxy NGC 2992 show that it is a promising test-bed for severely constraining accretion disk models. The previous interpretation of the historical activity of NGC 2992 in terms of the accretion disk slowly becoming dormant over many years and then ‘re-building’ itself is not supported by new data. A recent year-long monitoring campaign with RXTE showed that the X-ray continuum varied by more than an order of magnitude on a timescale of weeks. During the large-amplitude flares the centroid energy of the Fe K emission-line

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13

Lopez-Pena, Gabriel, Ramon Garcia-Alva, Hugo Laparra-Escareno, Javier E. Anaya-Ayala, Manuel Guerrero-Hernández, and Carlos A. Hinojosa. "Physician-Modified Endovascular Gore Excluder Graft (Handmade Modified) for Complex Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Step-by-Step Approach." Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 54, no. 7 (2020): 656–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1538574420939741.

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Endovascular repair has become the gold standard for the treatment of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysmal disease. Branched and fenestrated commercially custom-made devices have been developed as a treatment option for short necks or juxtarenal aneurysms. However, the lack of availability in some countries and centers, manufacturing time (6-8 weeks requirements), urgent setting in ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms, and elevated costs make them not a widespread option. Hereby, we expose our step-by-step technique of physician modified Gore Excluder to treat complex aneurysms. Physician-mod

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Cheng, Huajie. "Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Profiles in Communities Selected with Novel and Previously Encountered Antibiotics." Theoretical and Natural Science 89, no. 1 (2025): 78–85. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/2025.20458.

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Antibiotics are extensively employed worldwide for therapeutic purposes, often leading to overuse, which constitutes a contributing factor to the emergence of antibiotic resistance (ABR). This phenomenon arises from diminished effectiveness of antibiotics in treating bacterial infections due to resistance development. However, limitations in experimental conditions and equipment making it challenging to pinpoint the precise sources of antibiotic resistance, consequently constraining the breadth of research on ABR. Genomic analysis of antibiotic-resistant bacteria assists in unveiling the origi

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Surekh, P., and A. Varadharaj. "Time Optimization Technique Using Reliable Commitment Model." Asian Review of Civil Engineering 6, no. 2 (2017): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/tarce-2017.6.2.2239.

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Construction is a very complex process and nearly every single project is unique. The resulting number of parts, relative lack of standardization, multiple participants and constraining factors make construction projects a difficult endeavour. Adding to this complexity is the high degree of interdependency inherent to the construction process. Complexity can be defined as “something made up of closely connected parts which are difficult to explain or understand, or a number of different parts intricately related”. Due to the inherent complexity, uncertainty, and variability of the construction

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Greenberg, J. P., A. Guenther, A. Turnipseed, et al. "A tethered-balloon PTRMS sampling approach for rapid surveying of landscape-scale biogenic VOC fluxes." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 7, no. 1 (2014): 979–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-7-979-2014.

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Abstract. To survey landscape-scale fluxes of biogenic gases, a 100 m Teflon tube was attached to a tethered balloon as a sampling inlet for a fast response Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer (PTRMS). Along with meteorological instruments deployed on the tethered balloon and at 3 m and outputs from a regional weather model, these observations were used to estimate landscape scale biogenic volatile organic compound fluxes with two micrometeorological techniques: mixed layer variance and surface layer gradients. This highly mobile sampling system was deployed at four field sites near Bar

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Gheller, Brandon JF, Phillip Joy, and Daphne Lordly. "A Qualitative Study Exploring the Experience of the Male Dietitian from Student to Professional." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 79, no. 2 (2018): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/cjdpr-2018-003.

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Purpose: In Canada, dietitians serve a sex-diverse population despite the profession being predominately female (>95%). It is unknown why there are so few male dietitians. The objective of the present study was to explore the experience of the male dietitian, as a minority, in female-dominated dietetics.Methods: Two semi-structured interviews were conducted, approximately 6 weeks apart, with Nova Scotian male dietitians. The interviews prompted participants to reflect on their experience of being a male dietitian. Interviews were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.Resul

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Istomin, Timofei, Elia Leoni, Davide Molteni, Amy L. Murphy, Gian Pietro Picco, and Maurizio Griva. "Janus." Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 5, no. 4 (2021): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3494978.

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Proximity detection is at the core of several mobile and ubiquitous computing applications. These include reactive use cases, e.g., alerting individuals of hazards or interaction opportunities, and others concerned only with logging proximity data, e.g., for offline analysis and modeling. Common approaches rely on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) or ultra-wideband (UWB) radios. Nevertheless, these strike opposite tradeoffs between the accuracy of distance estimates quantifying proximity and the energy efficiency affecting system lifetime, effectively forcing a choice between the two and ultimately c

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Specht, Joshua. "A Failure to Prohibit: New York City's Underground Bob Veal Trade." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 12, no. 4 (2013): 475–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781413000339.

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During the Progressive Era, bob veal, the meat of calves slaughtered at younger than four weeks of age, was incorrectly believed to be poisonous, and its sale was prohibited in areas across the United States. Yet a thriving underground trade persisted. This article studies bob veal's prohibition in Progressive Era New York City to understand where the meat was coming from, how it reached diners' tables, and who was eating it. I argue that bob veal's consumers, many of whom were recent immigrants and the urban poor, recognized the meat was benign. In examining the prohibition's failure, this ar

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Sims, Richard P., Mohamed M. M. Ahmed, Brian J. Butterworth, et al. "High interannual surface pCO₂ variability in the southern Canadian Arctic Archipelago's Kitikmeot Sea." Ocean Science 19, no. 3 (2023): 837–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-19-837-2023.

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Abstract. Warming of the Arctic due to climate change means the Arctic Ocean is now free from ice for longer, as sea ice melts earlier and refreezes later. Yet, it remains unclear how this extended ice-free period will impact carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes due to scarcity of surface ocean CO2 measurements. Baseline measurements are urgently needed to understand spatial and temporal air–sea CO2 flux variability in the changing Arctic Ocean. There is also uncertainty as to whether the previous basin-wide surveys are representative of the many smaller bays and inlets that make up the Canadian Arctic

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Scandurra, Alessio, Sebastiano Andrea Corinzia, Paolo Caruso, Salvatore Luciano Cosentino, and Giorgio Testa. "Productivity of Wheat Landraces in Rainfed and Irrigated Conditions under Conventional and Organic Input in a Semiarid Mediterranean Environment." Agronomy 14, no. 10 (2024): 2338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14102338.

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Wheat landraces are locally adapted populations that are suitable for low-input agronomic management and constraining pedo-climatic conditions. The productivity of landraces under high-input and optimal conditions is usually lower than modern wheat varieties. The present study compared the response of Sicilian wheat landraces and modern varieties to organic management, including organic fertilization, and conventional management, including mineral fertilization and chemical weed control, under rainfed condition and supplementary irrigation in a field trial conducted on a xerofluvent soil in a

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Greenberg, J. P., J. Peñuelas, A. Guenther, et al. "A tethered-balloon PTRMS sampling approach for surveying of landscape-scale biogenic VOC fluxes." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 7, no. 7 (2014): 2263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-2263-2014.

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Abstract. Landscape-scale fluxes of biogenic gases were surveyed by deploying a 100 m Teflon tube attached to a tethered balloon as a sampling inlet for a fast-response proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer (PTRMS). Along with meteorological instruments deployed on the tethered balloon and a 3 m tripod and outputs from a regional weather model, these observations were used to estimate landscape-scale biogenic volatile organic compound fluxes with two micrometeorological techniques: mixed layer variance and surface layer gradients. This highly mobile sampling system was deployed at four fi

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Gao, Y., J. C. Cornwell, D. K. Stoecker, and M. S. Owens. "Effects of cyanobacterial-driven pH increases on sediment nutrient fluxes and coupled nitrification-denitrification in a shallow fresh water estuary." Biogeosciences Discussions 9, no. 1 (2012): 1161–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-1161-2012.

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Abstract. Summer cyanobacterial blooms caused an elevation in pH (9 to ~10.5) that lasted for weeks in the shallow and tidal-fresh region of the Sassafras River, a tributary of Chesapeake Bay (USA). Elevated pH promoted desorption of sedimentary inorganic phosphorus and facilitated conversion of ammonium (NH4+) to ammonia (NH3). In this study, we investigated pH effects on exchangeable NH4+ desorption, nutrient pore water diffusion and flux rates of NH4+, soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), nitrate (NO3–), nitrification, denitrification, and oxygen consumption. pH elevation enhanced the desorpt

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Deshpande, Mugdha, Fakhriddin Pirlepesov, and Thierry Lints. "Rapid encoding of an internal model for imitative learning." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1781 (2014): 20132630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2630.

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As in human infant speech development, vocal imitation in songbirds involves sensory acquisition and memorization of adult-produced vocal signals, followed by a protracted phase of vocal motor practice. The internal model of adult tutor song in the juvenile male brain, termed ‘the template’, is central to the vocal imitation process. However, even the most fundamental aspects of the template, such as when, where and how it is encoded in the brain, remain poorly understood. A major impediment to progress is that current studies of songbird vocal learning use protracted tutoring over days, weeks

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Sandblom, Erik, Albin Gräns, Michael Axelsson, and Henrik Seth. "Temperature acclimation rate of aerobic scope and feeding metabolism in fishes: implications in a thermally extreme future." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1794 (2014): 20141490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1490.

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Temperature acclimation may offset the increased energy expenditure (standard metabolic rate, SMR) and reduced scope for activity (aerobic scope, AS) predicted to occur with local and global warming in fishes and other ectotherms. Yet, the time course and mechanisms of this process is little understood. Acclimation dynamics of SMR, maximum metabolic rate, AS and the specific dynamic action of feeding (SDA) were determined in shorthorn sculpin ( Myoxocephalus scorpius ) after transfer from 10°C to 16°C. SMR increased in the first week by 82% reducing AS to 55% of initial values, while peak post

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Gao, Y., J. C. Cornwell, D. K. Stoecker, and M. S. Owens. "Effects of cyanobacterial-driven pH increases on sediment nutrient fluxes and coupled nitrification-denitrification in a shallow fresh water estuary." Biogeosciences 9, no. 7 (2012): 2697–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-2697-2012.

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Abstract. Summer cyanobacterial blooms caused an elevation in pH (9 to ~10.5) that lasted for weeks in the shallow and tidal-fresh region of the Sassafras River, a tributary of Chesapeake Bay (USA). Elevated pH promoted desorption of sedimentary inorganic phosphorus and facilitated conversion of ammonium (NH4+) to ammonia (NH3). In this study, we investigated pH effects on exchangeable NH4+ desorption, pore water diffusion and the flux rates of NH4+, soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and nitrate (NO3−), nitrification, denitrification, and oxygen consumption. Elevated pH enhanced desorption of

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Drag, David W., Rebecca Slattery, Matthew Siebers, Evan H. DeLucia, Donald R. Ort, and Carl J. Bernacchi. "Soybean photosynthetic and biomass responses to carbon dioxide concentrations ranging from pre-industrial to the distant future." Journal of Experimental Botany 71, no. 12 (2020): 3690–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraa133.

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Abstract Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) directly impacts C3 plant photosynthesis and productivity, and the rate at which [CO2] is increasing is greater than initially predicted by worst-case scenario climate models. Thus, it is increasingly important to assess the physiological responses of C3 plants, especially those that serve as important crops, to [CO2] beyond the mid-range levels used in traditional experiments. Here, we grew the C3 crop soybean (Glycine max) at eight different [CO2] levels spanning subambient (340 ppm) to the highest level thought plausible (

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Emmans, G. C., W. S. Dingwall, J. FitzSimons, and G. Simm. "The predicted and actual rates of intake of a high quality feed by Suffolk rams from 20-70 kg liveweight." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1987 (March 1987): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600034942.

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ARC (1980), in its Chapter 2, gives a method for predicting the rate of feed intake of a sheep of a given weight, W, on a given feed (feed class and energy metabolisability, q). In its Chapter 3 a method is given for predicting the growth rate, GR, of a sheep of a given sex and W from its ME intake. Where GR and W are known the latter procedure can be used to predict the rate at which feed, needs to be eaten, from the ME content and q values of the feed, to support the observed GR. A third method is that of Emmans (1985), which predicts the rate of intake of a non-constraining feed with energy

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Atwell, Brian J., Martin L. Henery, Gordon S. Rogers, Saman P. Seneweera, Marie Treadwell, and Jann P. Conroy. "Canopy development and hydraulic function in Eucalyptus tereticornis grown in drought in CO2-enriched atmospheres." Functional Plant Biology 34, no. 12 (2007): 1137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp06338.

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We report on the relationship between growth, partitioning of shoot biomass and hydraulic development of Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. grown in glasshouses for six months. Close coordination of stem vascular capacity and shoot architecture is vital for survival of eucalypts, especially as developing trees are increasingly subjected to spasmodic droughts and rising atmospheric CO2 levels. Trees were exposed to constant soil moisture deficits in 45 L pots (30–50% below field capacity), while atmospheric CO2 was raised to 700 μL CO2 L–1 in matched glasshouses using a hierarchical, multi-factorial d

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Marchesi, S., X. Zhao, N. Torres-Albà, et al. "Compton-thick AGN in the NuSTAR Era. VIII. A joint NuSTAR–XMM-Newton Monitoring of the Changing-look Compton-thick AGN NGC 1358." Astrophysical Journal 935, no. 2 (2022): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac80be.

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Abstract We present the multi-epoch monitoring with NuSTAR and XMM-Newton of NGC 1358, a nearby Seyfert 2 galaxy whose properties made it a promising candidate X-ray changing-look active galactic nucleus (AGN), i.e., a source whose column density could transition from its 2017 Compton-thick (having LOS hydrogen column density N H,LOS > 1024 cm−2) state to a Compton-thin (N H,LOS < 1024 cm−2) one. The multi-epoch X-ray monitoring confirmed the presence of significant N H,LOS variability over timescales of weeks to years, and allowed us to confirm the changing-look nature of NGC 1358, whic

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Jeon, Ji-Won, Young-Ji Han, Seung-Hwan Cha, et al. "Application of the Passive Sampler Developed for Atmospheric Mercury and Its Limitation." Atmosphere 10, no. 11 (2019): 678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10110678.

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In this study, a passive sampler for gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) was developed and applied to field monitoring. Three Radiello® diffusive bodies with gold-coated beads as Hg adsorbent were installed in an acrylic external shield. Hg uptake mass linearly increased as the deployment time increased until 8 weeks with an average gaseous Hg concentration of 2 ng m−3. The average of the experimental sampling rate (SR) was 0.083 m3 day−1 and showed a good correlation with theoretical SRs, indicating that a major adsorption mechanism was molecular diffusion. Nonetheless, the experimental SR was ap

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Yang, Zhou, Wang, et al. "Magnesium Deficiency Induced Global Transcriptome Change in Citrus sinensis Leaves Revealed by RNA-Seq." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 13 (2019): 3129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133129.

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Magnesium (Mg) deficiency is one of the major constraining factors that limit the yield and quality of agricultural products. Uniform seedlings of the Citrus sinensis were irrigated with Mg deficient (0 mM MgSO4) and Mg sufficient (1 mM MgSO4) nutrient solutions for 16 weeks. CO2 assimilation, starch, soluble carbohydrates, TBARS content and H2O2 production were measured. Transcriptomic analysis of C. sinensis leaves was performed by Illumina sequencing. Our results showed that Mg deficiency decreased CO2 assimilation, but increased starch, sucrose, TBARS content and H2O2 production in C. sine

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Brimblecombe, Julie, Megan Ferguson, Federica Barzi, Clare Brown, and Kylie Ball. "Mediators and moderators of nutrition intervention effects in remote Indigenous Australia." British Journal of Nutrition 119, no. 12 (2018): 1424–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114518000880.

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AbstractWe conducted a longitudinal dietary intervention study to assess the impact of a store-based intervention on mediators and moderators and consequent dietary behaviour in Indigenous communities in remote Australia. We assessed dietary intake of fruit, vegetable, water and sweetened soft drink, mediators and moderators among 148, eighty-five and seventy-three adult participants (92 % women) at baseline (T1), end of intervention (T2) and at 24 weeks post intervention (T3), respectively. Mediators included perceived affordability and self-efficacy. Moderators were barriers to eat more frui

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Kilgour, Delaney B., Christopher M. Jernigan, Olga Garmash, et al. "Cloud processing of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) oxidation products limits sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and carbonyl sulfide (OCS) production in the eastern North Atlantic marine boundary layer." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 25, no. 3 (2025): 1931–47. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1931-2025.

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Abstract. Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is the major sulfur species emitted from the ocean. The gas-phase oxidation of DMS by hydroxyl radicals proceeds through the stable, soluble intermediate hydroperoxymethyl thioformate (HPMTF), eventually forming carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). Recent work has shown that HPMTF is efficiently lost to marine boundary layer (MBL) clouds, thus arresting OCS and SO2 production and their contributions to new-particle formation and growth events. To date, no long-term field studies exist to assess the extent to which frequent cloud processing impacts t

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Blanton, Sarah, and Steven L. Wolf. "An Application of Upper-Extremity Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy in a Patient With Subacute Stroke." Physical Therapy 79, no. 9 (1999): 847–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/79.9.847.

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Abstract Background and Purpose. The purpose of this case report is to demonstrate the application of constraint-induced movement therapy with an individual with upper-extremity hemiparesis within 4 months after sustaining a cerebrovascular accident (stroke). Such patients often fail to develop full potential use of their affected upper extremity, perhaps due to a “learned nonuse phenomenon.” Case Description. The patient was a 61-year-old woman with right-sided hemiparesis resulting from an ischemic lacunar infarct in the posterior limb of the left internal capsule. The patient's less-involve

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Mande, Purvi, Keyon Taravati, Michael Rosenblum, and Ann Marshak Rothstein. "Taking a ‘Toll’ on Skin: A novel TLR9-deficient Model of Cutaneous Lupus." Journal of Immunology 198, no. 1_Supplement (2017): 207.2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.207.2.

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Abstract Endosomal Toll-like receptors (TLRs), TLR7 and TLR9 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, their role in cutaneous lupus (CL) is not well established, in part due to lack of appropriate mouse models for CL. We developed a novel murine model of CL that depends on T cell recognition of an ovalbumin (OVA) peptide on MHC class II+ cells and closely mimics human CL. These mice develop epidermal hyperplasia associated with mononuclear interface dermatitis and IgG deposition at the dermal-epidermal border within 4 weeks of administration of “

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Li, Guangyu, Jörg Wieder, Julie T. Pasquier, Jan Henneberger, and Zamin A. Kanji. "Predicting atmospheric background number concentration of ice-nucleating particles in the Arctic." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 21 (2022): 14441–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14441-2022.

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Abstract. Mixed-phase clouds (MPCs) can have a net warming or cooling radiative effect on Earth's climate influenced by the phase and concentration of cloud particles. They have received considerable attention due to high spatial coverage and occurrence frequency in the Arctic. To initiate ice formation in MPCs at temperatures above −38 ∘C, ice-nucleating particles (INPs) are required, which therefore have important implications on the radiative properties of MPCs by altering the ice-to-liquid ratio of hydrometeors. As a result, constraining ambient INP concentrations could promote accurate re

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Hossain, Fahad, Sujith Konan, Babar Kayani, Christina Kontoghiorghe, Toby Barrack, and Fares Sami Haddad. "Early Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of the Metaphyseally Fixed Totally Stabilized Knee Prosthesis in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty." Journal of Knee Surgery 33, no. 07 (2019): 678–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1683976.

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AbstractThe use of valgus–varus constrained (VVC) implant designs in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is considered in situations of severe deformities, bone loss, and inadequate soft tissue balance. It is not known whether the use of such prosthesis designs may predispose to reduced function owing to its constraining design. The components are usually implanted with diaphyseal stem extensions to dissipate the increased forces. The totally stabilized (TS) implant is a contemporary VVC design with metaphyseal fixation only. It has a conforming articulation with increased rotational freedom

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Bailey, Stephen J., Lee M. Romer, James Kelly, Daryl P. Wilkerson, Fred J. DiMenna, and Andrew M. Jones. "Inspiratory muscle training enhances pulmonary O2 uptake kinetics and high-intensity exercise tolerance in humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 109, no. 2 (2010): 457–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00077.2010.

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Fatigue of the respiratory muscles during intense exercise might compromise leg blood flow, thereby constraining oxygen uptake (V̇o2) and limiting exercise tolerance. We tested the hypothesis that inspiratory muscle training (IMT) would reduce inspiratory muscle fatigue, speed V̇o2 kinetics and enhance exercise tolerance. Sixteen recreationally active subjects (mean ± SD, age 22 ± 4 yr) were randomly assigned to receive 4 wk of either pressure threshold IMT [30 breaths twice daily at ∼50% of maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP)] or sham treatment (60 breaths once daily at ∼15% of MIP). The subje

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Chavan, Nitika S., and Raghumahanti Raghuveer. "Lower limb rehabilitation using modified constraint-induced movement therapy and motor relearning program on balance and gait in sub-acute hemiplegic stroke: a comparative study." F1000Research 12 (September 1, 2023): 1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.138127.1.

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Background: A stroke is described by the World Health Organization as “a clinical syndrome with rapidly developing symptoms that consist of a focal (or global, in a situation of coma) disruption of cerebral function that lasts more than 24 hours or leads to mortality without a known cause other than a vascular origin”. Stroke is the most prevalent cause of impairment and mortality on a global scale. Modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) is an approach to therapy for motor disabilities that involves constraining the movements of the nonparetic limb, diligent practice and behaviou

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Chavan, Nitika S., and Raghumahanti Raghuveer. "Lower limb rehabilitation using modified constraint-induced movement therapy and motor relearning program on balance and gait in sub-acute hemiplegic stroke: a comparative study." F1000Research 12 (March 28, 2024): 1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.138127.2.

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Background A stroke is described by the World Health Organization as “a clinical syndrome with rapidly developing symptoms that consist of a focal (or global, in a situation of coma) disruption of cerebral function that lasts more than 24 hours or leads to mortality without a known cause other than a vascular origin”. Stroke is the most prevalent cause of impairment and mortality on a global scale. Modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) is an approach to therapy for motor disabilities that involves constraining the movements of the nonparetic limb, diligent practice and behaviour

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Yang, Yaling, Xiuhua Gao, Xin Han, et al. "Inactivation of INK4a/ARF Accelerates the Development of PTEN Deficient T-ALL." Blood 116, no. 21 (2010): 4197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.4197.4197.

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Abstract Abstract 4197 Introduction: Acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (T-ALL) is a group of heterogeneous disease with deregulated expression of variable types of genes. PTEN and INK4a/ARF are among the most frequently inactivated tumor suppressors in human T-ALL. The PTEN gene encodes a phosphatase that negatively regulates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway activity. PI3K activates a variety of key signaling proteins that are critical in cell cycle control and cell survival. The Ink4a/Arf gene encodes two distinct tumor suppressors, p16 INK4a and p14 ARF (p19ARF in mice)

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Forkert, Randolf, Yon Ko, Thomas Neuhaus, et al. "G-CSF Induced Expansion and Mobilization of Hematopoietic Stem Cells Is Altered by the Matrix Protein Osteopontin." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 1400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.1400.1400.

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Abstract Stem cells reside in a physical microenvironment or niche where a balance of signals controls their proliferation, differentiation and death. Components of the specialized microenvironment have generally been defined in terms of cells and signaling pathways affecting stem cell maintenance or expansion. We have defined a role for a matrix glycoprotein that provides a constraining function on hematopoietic stem cells within the bone marrow microenvironment. Osteopontin (OPN) is an abundant glycoprotein in bone that modifies primitive hematopoietic cell number and function in a stem cell

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Kirkegaard, J. A., J. R. Hunt, T. M. McBeath, et al. "Improving water productivity in the Australian Grains industry—a nationally coordinated approach." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 7 (2014): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14019.

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Improving the water-limited yield of dryland crops and farming systems has been an underpinning objective of research within the Australian grains industry since the concept was defined in the 1970s. Recent slowing in productivity growth has stimulated a search for new sources of improvement, but few previous research investments have been targeted on a national scale. In 2008, the Australian grains industry established the 5-year, AU$17.6 million, Water Use Efficiency (WUE) Initiative, which challenged growers and researchers to lift WUE of grain-based production systems by 10%. Sixteen regio

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Brinkerink, Christiaan D., Cornelia Müller, Heino D. Falcke, et al. "Micro-arcsecond structure of Sagittarius A∗ revealed by high-sensitivity 86 GHz VLBI observations." Astronomy & Astrophysics 621 (January 2019): A119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834148.

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Context. The compact radio source Sagittarius A∗ (Sgr A∗) in the Galactic centre is the primary supermassive black hole candidate. General relativistic magnetohydrodynamical (GRMHD) simulations of the accretion flow around Sgr A∗ predict the presence of sub-structure at observing wavelengths of ∼3 mm and below (frequencies of 86 GHz and above). For very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of Sgr A∗ at this frequency the blurring effect of interstellar scattering becomes sub-dominant, and arrays such as the high sensitivity array (HSA) and the global mm-VLBI array (GMVA) are now ca

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Sharma, D. L., and W. K. Anderson. "Small grain screenings in wheat: interactions of cultivars with season, site, and management practices." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 55, no. 7 (2004): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03265.

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Small grains that pass through a 2-mm slotted screen (sievings or screenings) are one of the most important causes of price dockages of wheat in Australia because grain size variation greatly affects flour yield and commercial value. The aims of this study were to examine the effects of season, time of sowing, plant population, and applied nitrogen, and their interactions with cultivars, on small grain screenings. Twenty-one field experiments involving 16 new cultivars and elite crossbreds, and various management variables, were conducted in the medium (annual rainfall 325–450 mm) and low (ann

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Dubovik, O., T. Lapyonok, Y. J. Kaufman, M. Chin, P. Ginoux, and A. Sinyuk. "Retrieving global sources of aerosols from MODIS observations by inverting GOCART model." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 7, no. 2 (2007): 3629–718. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-7-3629-2007.

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Abstract. Knowledge of the global distribution of tropospheric aerosols is important for studying the effects of aerosols on global climate. Chemical transport models rely on archived meteorological fields, accounting for aerosol sources, transport and removal processes can simulate the global distribution of atmospheric aerosols. However, the accuracy of global aerosol modeling is limited. Uncertainty in location and strength of aerosol emission sources is a major factor in limiting modeling accuracy. This paper describes an effort to develop an algorithm for retrieving global sources of aero

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Di Giandomenico, Silvana, Ghaith Abu Zeinah, Pouneh Kermani та ін. "Low-Dose Epo after Tgfβ Blockade Triggers Robust Erythropoiesis and Increased RBC Production". Blood 134, Supplement_1 (2019): 2217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-129044.

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Background: Therapy for chronic anemias is limited to RBC transfusions and Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents (ESA) which often work on only transiently or not at all. New approaches to treat chronic anemia are needed but development has been limited by our incomplete understanding of erythropoiesis, most of which relates to the terminal maturation of erythroid precursors. Erythropoietin (Epo) acts during a very narrow window of erythropoiesis, well after progenitor commitment to an exclusively erythroid fate. It is not known if the final steps of RBC maturation are coupled to the earlier stage

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Rogers, Kerry A., Lai Wei, Seema A. Bhat, et al. "A Multicenter Study of Ibrutinib Resistance Development and Intervention with Venetoclax in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (2019): 3049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-125360.

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Background: Ibrutinib (ibr) for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has improved progression-free survival (PFS) compared to other treatments, especially in high-risk patients (pts). However, resistance occurs and is associated with mutations in the drug binding target (BTK) and its immediate downstream target (PLCg2). These ibr resistance mutations (IRmut) are detectable months prior to developing progressive disease (PD) and predict clinical relapse. Prospectively determining the time from starting ibr to development of IRmut and from IRmut detection to PD will improve our un

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Carzon, James, Bruno Abreu, Leighton Regayre, et al. "Statistical constraints on climate model parameters using a scalable cloud-based inference framework." Environmental Data Science 2 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eds.2023.12.

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Abstract Atmospheric aerosols influence the Earth’s climate, primarily by affecting cloud formation and scattering visible radiation. However, aerosol-related physical processes in climate simulations are highly uncertain. Constraining these processes could help improve model-based climate predictions. We propose a scalable statistical framework for constraining the parameters of expensive climate models by comparing model outputs with observations. Using the C3.AI Suite, a cloud computing platform, we use a perturbed parameter ensemble of the UKESM1 climate model to efficiently train a surrog

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