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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Construct measurement'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Salzberger, Thomas. "Attempting measurement of psychological attributes." Frontiers Media S.A, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00075.

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Measures of psychological attributes abound in the social sciences as much as measures of physical properties do in the physical sciences. However, there are crucial differences between the scientific underpinning of measurement. While measurement in the physical sciences is supported by empirical evidence that demonstrates the quantitative nature of the property assessed, measurement in the social sciences is, in large part, made possible only by a vague, discretionary definition of measurement that places hardly any restrictions on empirical data. Traditional psychometric analyses fail to address the requirements of measurement as defined more rigorously in the physical sciences. The construct definitions do not allow for testable predictions; and content validity becomes a matter of highly subjective judgment. In order to improve measurement of psychological attributes, it is suggested to, first, readopt the definition of measurement in the physical sciences; second, to devise an elaborate theory of the construct to be measured that includes the hypothesis of a quantitative attribute; and third, to test the data for the structure implied by the hypothesis of quantity as well as predictions derived from the theory of the construct. (author's abstract)
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2

Menon, Sanjay T. "Employee empowerment : definition, measurement and construct validation." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29088.

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The notion of improving employee productivity and satisfaction through increased work autonomy has led to a variety of managerial practices that seek to enhance employees' sense of control over their work and workplace. One such organizational intervention which has gained currency last decade is empowerment. This thesis is an attempt clearly explicate the precise nature of the empowerment construct through theoretical analysis and empirical investigation.
An analysis of the construct of power from a psychological perspective yielded three dimensions of power: power as perceived control, power as perceived competence and power as being energized toward valued goals. Based on this analysis and a review of existing literature on empowerment, the empowered state was defined as a cognitive state perceived control, perceived competence and goal internalization. Building on this definition, a number of antecedents and of empowerment were examined leading to theoretical propositions and testable hypotheses.
The empirical test of the proposed theoretical framework was carried out in two stages. Phase I was devoted to the development of a psychometrically sound measure of empowerment. Phase II was concerned with construct validation through the testing of hypotheses relating the empowerment construct to other established constructs.
The empirical results supported the view that empowerment is a construct conceptually distinct from other constructs such as delegation, self-efficacy and intrinsic task motivation. The proposed multi-dimensional nature of empowerment was also strongly supported. In addition, organizational and job level context factors as well as select managerial behaviors were identified as possibile antecedents of empowerment. Empowerment was also found to be significantly related to a number of outcome variables including job satisfaction, job involvement and organizational commitment. The thesis concludes with implications for managerial practices and suggestions for future research.
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Elvy, Geoffrey Ashton. "Problem drinking: A construct and its measurement." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4571.

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A problem drinking screening test for general hospital patients was developed in five experiments as a measure of the construct of problem drinking. In Experiment I, test questions were selected from a group of 59 psychological and medical items on the basis of responses from 1613 hospital patients. The resulting Problem Drinking Screening Test (PDST) has a 23 item self-report section and an optional physician's section of four items. Experiments II to V are concerned with the validity and reliability of the PDST. Viewing problem drinking as a construct is justified theoretically, and its relationship to alcoholism, to locus of control, to labelling theory and to idiographic and nomethetic measurement is given. A method for measuring the construct is examined from the perspective of George Kelly's 1955 Personal Construct Theory, and a mathematical explanation is presented. The experiments are introduced by a comprehensive review of the available problem drinking instruments. This review is divided into psychological measures, biomedical measures, combined psychological and biomedical measures, and others. Finally, a brief review is provided of the statistical considerations in developing a test.
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Lings, Ian N. "Internal market orientation : construct, measurement and consequences." Thesis, Aston University, 2000. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10739/.

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This thesis contributes to the paucity of marketing research into the area of internal marketing. Drawing from knowledge developed in a diverse range of marketing and management literatures, the domaill of internal marketing is clarified Gild a new concept, internal market orientation is developed. A new instrument, measuring the internal market orientation, is developed and subjected to standard scale development procedures. Six dimensions of the construct are confirmed; collegial interaction, group interaction, jorlllal interaction, external envirollment, wage flexibility and job flexibility. A sample of 766 UK retail store managers are surveyed to identify levels of internal market orientation and external market orientation in large UK multi-product, multi-site retailers and the structural relationships between internal market orientation, extemal market orientation alld company performance are examined. The external market orientation construct is applied to the local retail market and established measurement instruments adapted to this pwpose. Three measures of performance are employed ill this study. The structural relationships between the six dimensions of internal market orientation and the three dimensions of external market orientation are examined employing structural equations methodology, using LISREL 8.3. alld the impact of internal market orientation Oil external market orientation and company performance is measured. The study finds no direct link between internal market orientation and financial performance but does identify the moderated role of internal market orientation on financial performance. Significant relationships between three of the six dimensions of internal market orientation and the three dimensions of external market orientation are identified and the impact of internal market orientation on the retention of employees and their behaviour is also identified. The research findings contribute to marketing theory by providing empirical evidence to support the long held assumption that internal marketing has an impact on marketing success and offers an explanation of the mechanism by which this influence operates. For marketing practitioners, the research findings offer additional information on which services marketing strategies may be formulated.
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5

Edwards, Melanie J. "The dimensionality and construct valid measurement of life meaning." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/646.

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6

Mattei, Gina Marie. "Improving Construct Validity and Measurement of Post-Traumatic Growth." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1563347548503204.

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7

Paiva-Salisbury, Melissa L. "The Psychopathic Personality: Measurement, Variants, And Utility Of The Construct." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2017. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/794.

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Antisocial behaviors (AB), which place an enormous burden on society, are committed by a heterogeneous population, including psychopaths (Poythress et al., 2010). Psychopathy denotes a more serious and entrenched pattern of AB (Hare, 1996) and appears to be a heterogeneous construct as well. In fact, Primary and Secondary psychopathic variants are consistently identified in a variety of samples using person-centered analysis (Drislane et al., 2014; Gill & Stickle, 2016). Both Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (Gray & McNaughton, 2000) and the Triarchic Model of Psychopathy (Patrick, Fowles, & Krueger, 2009) provide useful frameworks to understand the etiology of the psychopathic variants. The current study identified Primary and Secondary Trait groups in a sample of criminally justice involved adults (N = 377), which differed on measures of negative emotionality. However, the Psychopathic trait groups did not differ on the boldness or meanness domains of the Triarchic Model (Patrick, Fowles & Kreuger). The disinhibition domain of the Triarchic model was significantly associated with aggression, and this association was partially mediated by levels of anxiety. Anxiety is an important dimension to assess in research, evaluation, and treatment of individuals with high levels of antisocial behavior. Keywords: Psychopathy, variants, Triarchic, measurement, antisocial behavior
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8

McGugan, Margaret Jane. "What Is Bullying? An Empirical Investigation Into the Construct Validity of Bullying as Measured and Defined." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32597.

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Bullying is a subset of aggressive behaviour that is characterised by three features: intention to cause harm, repetitiveness, and an imbalance of power between the perpetrator of the aggression and his or her victim (Olweus, 2010). This definition is widely accepted and widely used in academic research on bullying (Cornell & Bandyopadhyay, 2010), but lacks empirical evidence of construct validity (Finkelhor, Turner, & Hamby, 2012). This dissertation explores the construct validity of bullying in two ways. The first study examines the validity of the definition of bullying in terms of its ability to predict student functioning and identify a distinct group. The second study examines the validity of a widely used bullying measurement strategy in terms of its ability to identify aggression that meets the definition of bullying. Marginal evidence for the construct validity of bullying as currently measured and defined was found. While the characteristics of bullying do predict several measures of functioning above and beyond the presence of generic aggression or victimization, the differences predicted appear to be differences of magnitude only. This indicates that bullying may be related to more severe, but not unique, outcomes. In addition, the individual characteristics of bullying contained within the overall definition (repetition, intention to harm, power imbalance) are shown to be highly related and better thought of indicators that bullying has occurred rather than additive constructs that define a certain subclass of aggressive behaviour. Finally, regarding measurement, the results of this study show that peer-report responses using definitional measurement strategies are not strongly related to the definitional criteria of bullying. Implications for the field of bullying research are discussed. Theoretically informed empirical work on clarifying the bullying construct is identified as a research priority.
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9

Burgess, Gary. "An exploration of the construct of psychopathy, its measurement and neuropsychological correlates." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/87969/.

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This thesis consists of three papers, a literature review, an empirical paper and a reflective paper. The literature review explores the neuropsychological and neurocognitive correlates of psychopathy with a view to identify and appraise review papers together. Nine articles were identified and comprised studies of child/adolescent and adult, clinical and nonclinical samples. The review identifies evidence of different patterns of performance on inhibition, working memory, intelligence, emotion recognition and affective theory of mind (ToM). Results are considered in terms of neural correlates, clinical presentations and intervention options. Methodological limitations are discussed, both in terms of the included studies and of the literature review itself. Implications for policy and practice are outlines and directions for further research are highlighted. The empirical paper investigates the construct of psychopathy and its measurement and relationship with the measures of empathy. Data from a nonclinical sample was collected using an online platform. Using a correlational design, relationships between psychopathy and empathy were investigated. Further analyses examined the different psychopathy subscales, differences in performance according to the emotional valence of the task stimuli and tentative explorations into gender differences. The results are discussed in relation to existing evidence and limitations of the research are highlighted. Finally, the reflective paper comprised a discussion of conducting clinical research as part of clinical training. This includes critique of the term psychopathy and challenges in professional identity.
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10

Pyclik, Alice. "Confidence in Organizational Science Procedures: Development and Measurement of a Novel Construct." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1626102291015394.

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11

Al-Busaidi, Adil S. "Toward a Model of Organizational Muted Dissent: Construct Definition, Dimensions, Measurement, and Validation." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1407242598.

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12

Murthy, Bvsan. "Measurement of the strategy construct in the lodging industry, and the strategy-performance relationship." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10022007-145428/.

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13

Sanguras, Laila Y. "Construct Validation and Measurement Invariance of the Athletic Coping Skills Inventory for Educational Settings." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984216/.

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The present study examined the factor structure and measurement invariance of the revised version of the Athletic Coping Skills Inventory (ACSI-28), following adjustment of the wording of items such that they were appropriate to assess Coping Skills in an educational setting. A sample of middle school students (n = 1,037) completed the revised inventory. An initial confirmatory factor analysis led to the hypothesis of a better fitting model with two items removed. Reliability of the subscales and the instrument as a whole was acceptable. Items were examined for sex invariance with differential item functioning (DIF) using item response theory, and five items were flagged for significant sex non-invariance. Following removal of these items, comparison of the mean differences between male and female coping scores revealed that there was no significant difference between the two groups. Further examination of the generalizability of the coping construct and the potential transfer of psychosocial skills between athletic and academic settings are warranted.
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14

Angeles, Jose O. "Validation of the perceived business process knowledge construct, its sub-dimensions, and measurement instrument." Thesis, Trident University International, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10181584.

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Through this dissertation, the researcher demonstrated validity of a new individual level construct titled perceived business process knowledge (PBPK) and an associated measurement instrument. The concepts and definition of knowledge and business processes from past works were integrated to define PBPK. Factors found in empirically tested information systems models were used to identify five PBPK sub-dimensions: 1) Perceived Business Process Input Knowledge, 2) Perceived Business Process Resources Knowledge, 3) Perceived Business Process Activities Knowledge, 4) Perceived Business Process Constraints Knowledge, and 5) Perceived Business Process Output Knowledge. A sixth sub-dimension, Perceived Business Process Monitoring Knowledge, surfaced in the field research phase.

The sub-dimensions and focal construct were tested for criterion and predictive validity using SmartPLS and demonstrated high reliability and validity under two samples. All indicators have loadings greater than 0.860 (p < 0.000). PBPK items demonstrated Cronbach Alpha greater than 0.85 and Composite Reliability > 0.95 on both data collections. Focal construct and sub-dimensions demonstrated convergent and discriminant validity; Average Variance Extracted (AVE) greater than 0.5, and square root of the AVE greater than associated correlation with all other constructs.

The first data collection consisted of representatives from 21 industries; the criterion and predictive validity relationships produced almost acceptable but low R2 (> 0.21), medium f2, (> 0.27) and moderate path coefficients (> 0.46, p < 0.000) on the smallest predictor to dependent variable relationship. The second data collection consisted of representatives from 3 industries; the criterion and predictive validity relationships were a slightly better; the results demonstrated acceptable but low R 2 (> 0.29), large f2 (> 0.41), and moderate path coefficients (> 0.53, p < 0.000) on the smallest predictor to dependent variable relationship.

The study also successfully demonstrated that different groups of individuals report different levels of PBPK. These tests were conducted using one-way ANOVA.

The constructs and associated measurement instrument are expected to increase the predictive ability of Technology Acceptance Models.

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15

Cruise, Keith R. "Measurement of Adolescent Psychopathy: Construct and Predictive Validity in Two Samples of Juvenile Offenders." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2648/.

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The construct of psychopathy holds promise as a discriminating variable in the classification and explanation of childhood antisocial behavior. The new generation of psychopathy measures, designed to measure this construct in adolescent populations, must meet acceptable standards of reliability and validity prior to the clinical application of the construct with adolescent offenders. The purpose of this study is to examine the construct and predictive validity of adolescent psychopathy as measured by the PCL:YV, PSD, SALE, and SRP-II. Data from two samples of detained adolescent offenders (short-term and long-term detention) are utilized to investigate construct validity via MTMM. In addition, external validity indices including institutional violations (fighting, seclusions, and treatment refusals) and community supervision (probation contacts, drug testing, and re-arrests) are operationalized and measured in order to examine the predictive validity of adolescent psychopathy. Results of construct validity offer modest support for the two-factor model of psychopathy. For external validity, Factor 2 accounted for greater variance in the prediction of institutional infractions and subsequent placements in a secure facility; however, its overall predictive validity was low. The results suggest that the current measures assess psychopathic traits and behaviors which may be stable in adults but are likely to be normative and transient in many adolescents.
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16

González, David Andrés. "Cross-measure Equivalence and Communicability in the Assessment of Depression: a Fine-grained Focus on Factor-based Scales." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc149597/.

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Depression is heterogeneous, however, depression measures conceptualize it as homogeneous. To help fulfill NIMH's strategic plan to focus on components of depression, this study analyzed the psychometrics of factor-based subscales in the BDI-II, CES-D, IDAS, and IDS. CCA was also used to explore redundancy across measures. Using a diverse sample of symptomatic undergraduates, this study found the IDAS to be the best measure, with complete DSM-IV symptom coverage and psychometrically sound subscales. The other measures did not have consistent subscales or coverage of symptoms. Furthermore, CCA revealed low levels of redundancy across measures. These results serve to disabuse the field of a perception that different measures of equivalently measure depression. Conversion tables were provided to empirically compare scores from different measures.
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17

Henning, Roline. "An investigation into the internal structure of the unit performance construct as measured by the performance index (PI)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52679.

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Assignment (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The responsibility for the performance of any organisational unit ultimately lies with the leadership of the unit. Given this perceived pivotal role of leadership in work unit performance, the ultimate objective is to capture the nature of the presumed relationship between leadership and unit performance in a comprehensive structural model. To validate such a leadership model, however, requires an explanation of the manner in which the unit performance dimensions affect each other. Spangenberg and Theron (2002b) developed a generic, standardized unit performance measure (PI) that encompasses all the unit performance dimensions for which the unit leader could be held responsible. The objective of this paper is to investigate the internal structure of the PI in order to establish the inter-relationships between the eight unit performance latent variables. The PI consists of 56 questions covering eight dimensions. The validation sample consisted of 304 completed PI questionnaires. However, after imputation 273 cases with observations on all 56 items remained in the validation sample. Item analysis and dimensionality analysis was performed on each of the sub-scales using SPSS. Thereafter, confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the reduced data set using LISREL. The results indicated satisfactory factor loadings on the measurement model. Acceptable model fit was achieved for the measurement model. Subsequently, the structural model was tested using LISREL. The results provided statistics of good fit. Only four hypotheses failed to be corroborated in this study. Conclusions were drawn from the results obtained and suggestions for further research are made.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die prestasie van enige organisatoriese werkeenheid is die uiteindelike verantwoordelikheid van die leierskap van die eenheid. Gegewe hierdie waargenome sleutelrol van leierskap in werkeenheidprestasie, is die uiteindelike doelwit om die aard van die veronderstelde verwantskap tussen leierskap en eenheidprestasie in 'n omvattende strukturele model vas te lê. Die validering van so 'n leierskapmodel vereis egter 'n uiteensetting van die wyse waarop die eenheidprestasie-dimensies mekaar onderling beïnvloed. Spangenberg en Theron (2002b) het 'n generiese, gestandaardiseerde eenheidprestasie-meetinstrument (PI) ontwikkel wat al die eenheidprestasie-dimensies insluit waarvoor die leier van die eenheid verantwoordelik gehou kan word. Die doel van hierdie studie is om ondersoek in te stel na die interne struktuur van die PI ten einde die inter-verwantskappe tussen die agt eenheidprestasie latente veranderlikes vas te stel. Die PI bestaan uit 56 vrae wat die agt dimensies dek. Die validasiesteekproef bestaan uit 304 voltooide PI vraelyste. Na vervanging van ontbrekende waardes is die validasiesteekproef egter gereduseer tot 273 gevalle met waarnemings op al 56 items. Item-ontleding en dimensieanalise is op elk van die sub-skale met behulp van SPSS gedoen. Daaropvolgend is bevestigende faktor-analise op die verkorte datastel gedoen met behulp van LISREL. Die passingstatistieke het hier aanvaarbare resultate opgelewer. Vervolgens is die strukturele model met behulp van LISRELgetoets. Die resultate het hier bevredigende passingstatistieke gelewer. Daar kon vir slegs vier hipoteses nie steun gevind word in die studie nie. Op grond van die resultate is daar tot bepaalde gevolgtrekkings gekom en daar word aanbevelings vir verdere navorsing gemaak.
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18

Lapré, Frederik Albert Ludwig. "Service quality in nursing homes : a construct, measurement and performance model to increase client focus." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5773.

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This thesis is concerned with the quality of care for the elderly in nursing homes, responding to a critical social and demographic imperative. The aim of this study is to provide a service quality construct for nursing homes to increase client focus and satisfaction. The research is underpinned by the service quality literature. It utilises the SERVQUAL construct to explore the nature of service quality in nursing homes through semi-structured interviews with nursing home residents and resident's families. A service quality scale was constructed comprising six dimensions and 27 scale items capturing service delivery in nursing homes. This scale was purified through a survey of residents and family members (n=263). Through exploratory factor analysis, six importance and four experience factors were identified. Regression analysis was used to identify relationships between the factors, service quality and satisfaction. The results indicate that importance does not predict perceived quality, though experience of responsiveness and hospitality and courtesy and personal approach are indicators of service quality. Furthermore, quality emerges as a predictor of satisfaction. From these outcomes, a service quality construct was developed which comprises of service marketing and service quality dimensions. This thesis contributes to the construction of the concept of service quality in nursing homes, its dimensionality and thus the precursors of satisfaction. These have considerable implications for the management of nursing home services.homes, its dimensionality and thus the precursors of satisfaction. These have considerable implications for the management of nursing home services.
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19

Showalter, Edward D. "The Corporate Character Ethical Value Structure: Construct Definition, Measurement, Validation and Relationship to Organizational Commitment." VCU Scholars Compass, 1997. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5272.

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The corporate character value structure consists of ethical values applied in a business setting arranged in a two dimensional matrix presented here as the Corporate Character Ethical Value Matrix, or CC-EVM. The two matrix dimensions are: behavior-types defined as either (1)custodial or (2)proactive; and behavior targets (1)task, (2)consideration-specific, directed toward a specific relationship, or (3)consideration-general, directed at generalized relationships or the organization. The current research developed the matrix to define and classify the six values presented by The Character Counts Coalition’s (1993) as core “pillars” of character: trustworthiness, responsibility, respect, caring, fairness and citizenship. The theoretical background for this matrix was built from the organizational trust and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) literatures, and the business ethics literature. The study tested the uniqueness of these six constructs using items developed from established measures that were combined as one instrument with items developed based on Character Counts Coalition statements. Factor analysis of student (n=324) responses explored the existence of theorized dimensions underlying the established trust and OCB measures. Item reduction eliminated items failing to discriminate between factors, and five factors emerged. The first factor contained items from McAlister's (1995) cognitive-based trust measure and Van Dyne, Graham, and Dienesch’s (1994) obedience measure. The second and third factors contained items from Van Dyne et al.’s advocacy and loyalty measures respectively. The fourth and fifth factors expressed concern for friends and country, and contained items developed from the Character Counts Coalition. Reliable (alpha >.80) scales from the factor items allowed further testing for inferences about the scales validity using personality and demographic measures. Findings show support for the behavior-targets dimension of the CC-EVM. The first factor corresponded to the task target. The advocacy and loyalty measures corresponded to the consideration-specific and consideration-general targets. The friends and country scales failed to exhibit predicted relationships. The five measures were regressed against measures provided by an insurance agency industry sample (n=112) of organizational commitment and shared ethical values. The strongest relationship emerged between consideration-general (loyalty) and organizational commitment. No support emerged for the behavior-types dimension. Implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed.
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20

Duncan, James M. PhD CFLE DAV, Kayla PhD Reed-Fitzke, Anthony J. PhD Ferraro, Armeda S. PhD Wojciak, Alexus MS Hamilton, and Hilary MS Pippert. "Where is the Resilience in Army STARRS? Evaluating Psychometrics of a Multi-Dimensional Resilience Construct." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2020/schedule/49.

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Using two independent samples of Army soldiers-in-training, this study explores the measurement of resilience in the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience among Servicemembers (Army STARRS) New Soldier Study Component (NSS). Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify a three-factor structure of resilience within the Army STARRS. Confirmatory factor analysis was then used to confirm the three-factor structure, and then internal reliability was assessed. Determination of how resilience can be measured within the Army STARRS NSS will aid scholars who wish to examine resilience among Army soldiers-in-training.
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Stephens, Paul. "UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT SATISFACTION: INVESTIGATING THE MEASUREMENT, DIMENSIONALITY, AND NATURE OF THE CONSTRUCT USING THE RASCH MODEL." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/epe_etds/25.

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Of the many potential and espoused outcomes of higher education, it was satisfaction that rose to prominence for Alexander Astin, stating, “it is difficult to argue that student satisfaction can be legitimately subordinated to any other education outcome” (1993, p. 273). This high endorsement of the construct of satisfaction is backed by a plethora of arguments of its importance for college and university decision makers. A thorough and accurate rendering of student satisfaction measurement is requisite. To calculate student satisfaction as the magnitude of item endorsement leaves a measure that is sample specific. The goal of a universal and unidimensional measure is only advanced by determining which items do or do not contribute to a model of linearity and unidimensionality. This research utilizes the Rasch model to advance exploration of the variable of student satisfaction. Using data collected from the Noel-Levitz Student Satisfaction Inventory, analysis was conducted to determine if reported ascribed importance and experienced satisfaction adhered to the assumption of the Rasch model. Results suggest that student satisfaction and ascribed importance do adhere to these assumptions of measurement, but only after ordinal rankings of dissatisfaction are collapsed into a single entity. The determined separation of satisfaction and dissatisfaction likens Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory. Additional discussion and implications focus on contrasting analysis when applying the Rasch analysis relative to classical test theory, recommendations of modified instrument scaling to better capture the construct, implications for higher education, and heightened understanding of student satisfaction as a whole.
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Elliott, Kari Elizabeth. "The construct validity of the Functional Autonomy Measurement System (SMAF) for the older adult on home care." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ40043.pdf.

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23

Hinerman, Krystal M. "Construct Validation of the Social-Emotional Character Development Scale in Belize: Measurement Invariance Through Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699875/.

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Social-emotional learning (SEL) measures assessing social-emotional learning and character development across a broad array of constructs have been developed but lack construct validity. Determining the efficacy of educational interventions requires structurally valid measures which are generalizable across settings, gender, and time. Utilizing recent factor analytic methods, the present study extends validity literature for SEL measures by investigating the structural validity and generalizability of the Social-Emotional and Character Development Scale (SECDS) with a large sample of children from schools in Belize (n = 1877, ages 8 to13). The SECDS exhibited structural and generalizability evidence of construct validity when examined under exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM). While a higher order confirmatory factor structure with six secondary factors provided acceptable fit, the ESEM six-factor structure provided both substantive and methodological advantages. The ESEM structural model situates the SECDS into the larger body of SEL literature while also exhibiting generalizability evidence over both gender and time.
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Xu, Lu. "The Importance of Construct Definition and Specification in Operations Management Structured Model Research: The Case for Quality and Sustainability Constructs in a Decision-Making Model." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1248479/.

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In the operations management research, the inconsistent use of the same term for different concepts and the use of the similar concepts for different constructs potentially causes theoretical and statistical problems. This research addresses the importance of construct definitions and specification methodologically within the context of quality and sustainability management. It involves three essays using multiple quantitative methods such as partial least squares structural equation modeling and multiple regression in different consumer decision-making models in the automobile industry. In the first two essays, a comprehensive literature review results in definition and contextualization of the quality and sustainability constructs as applied to operations management and marketing research. The relationships of these constructs with consumer behavior are empirically tested. Building upon the first two essays, the third essay addresses the methodological issues on formative and reflective measurements by summarizing a procedure of validating formative measurements. The quality construct was used to illustrate the methodology. This research contributes to the literature, theory, and practices in the area of quality and sustainability management.
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Coleman, Mary Angela. "Construct Validity Evidence Based on Internal Structure: Exploring and Comparing the Use of Rasch Measurement Modeling and Factor Analysis with a Measure of Student Motivation." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/1425.

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26

Odom, Leslie R. "Investigating the hypothesized factor structure of the Noel-Levitz Student Satisfaction Inventory: A study of the student satisfaction construct." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9746/.

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College student satisfaction is a concept that has become more prevalent in higher education research journals. Little attention has been given to the psychometric properties of previous instrumentation, and few studies have investigated the structure of current satisfaction instrumentation. This dissertation: (a) investigated the tenability of the theoretical dimensional structure of the Noel-Levitz Student Satisfaction Inventory™ (SSI), (b) investigated an alternative factor structure using explanatory factor analyses (EFA), and (c) used multiple-group CFA procedures to determine whether an alternative SSI factor structure would be invariant for three demographic variables: gender (men/women), race/ethnicity (Caucasian/Other), and undergraduate classification level (lower level/upper level). For this study, there was little evidence for the multidimensional structure of the SSI. A single factor, termed General Satisfaction with College, was the lone unidimensional construct that emerged from the iterative CFA and EFA procedures. A revised 20-item model was developed, and a series of multigroup CFAs were used to detect measurement invariance for three variables: student gender, race/ethnicity, and class level. No measurement invariance was noted for the revised 20-item model. Results for the invariance tests indicated equivalence across the comparison groups for (a) the number of factors, (b) the pattern of indicator-factor loadings, (c) the factor loadings, and (d) the item error variances. Because little attention has been given to the psychometric properties of the satisfaction instrumentation, it is recommended that further research continue on the SSI and any additional instrumentation developed to measure student satisfaction. It is possible that invariance issues may explain a portion of the inconsistent findings noted in the review of literature. Although measurement analyses are a time-consuming process, they are essential for understanding the psychometrics characterized by a set of scores obtained from a survey, or any other form of assessment instrument.
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Eklöf, Hanna. "Motivational beliefs in the TIMSS 2003 context : Theory, measurement and relation to test performance." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Beteendevetenskapliga mätningar, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-788.

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The main objective of this thesis was to explore issues related to student achievement motivation in the Swedish TIMSS 2003 (Trend in International Mathematics and Science Study) context. The thesis comprises of five empirical papers and a summary. The expectancy-value theory of achievement motivation was used as the general theoretical framework in all empirical papers, and all papers are concerned with construct validation in one form or another. Aspects of student achievement motivation were measured on a task-specific level (motivation to do well on the TIMSS test) and on a domain-specific level (self-concept in and valuing of mathematics and science) and regressed on test performance. The first paper reports the development and validation of scores from an instrument measuring aspects related to student test-taking motivation. It was shown that a number of items in the instrument could be interpreted as a measure of test-taking motivation, and that the test-taking motivation construct was distinct from other related constructs. The second paper related the Swedish students’ ratings of mathematics test-taking motivation to mathematics performance in TIMSS 2003. The students in the sample on average reported that they were well motivated to do their best on the TIMSS mathematics test and their ratings of test-taking motivation were positively but rather weakly related to achievement. In the third and the fourth papers, the internal structure and relation to performance of the mathematics and science self-concept and task value scales used in TIMSS internationally was investigated for the Swedish TIMSS 2003 sample. For mathematics, it was shown that the internationally derived scales were suitable also for the Swedish sample. It was further shown that ratings of self-concept were rather strongly related to mathematics achievement while ratings of mathematics value were basically unrelated to mathematics achievement. For the science subjects, the internal structure of the scales was less simple, and ratings of self-concept and valuing of science were not very strongly related to science achievement. The study presented in the fifth paper used interviews and an open-ended questionnaire item to further investigate student test-taking motivation and perceptions of the TIMSS test. The results mainly corroborated the results from study II. In the introductory part of the thesis, the empirical studies are summarized, contextualized, and discussed. The discussion relates obtained results to theoretical assumptions, applied implications, and to issues of validity in the TIMSS context.
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McGlone, Gregory Scott. "A study of the measurement of the construct validity of organizational and dyadic communication climate using instruments which measure communication climate, organizational climate, and job satisfaction /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu14873276956244.

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Novotny, Alexander, Edward Bernroider, and Stefan Koch. "Dimensions and Operationalisations of IT Governance: A Literature Review and Meta-Case Study." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2012. http://epub.wu.ac.at/3660/1/novotny2012.pdf.

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This paper seeks to tackle the current confusion about the constituent dimensions of IT Governance (ITG) and inconsistent operationalisation approaches inhibiting advances in research and organisational ITG practice. Through a structured literature review of ranked high-quality publications augmented by a meta-case study with five underlying projects, we find nine distinct dimensions of ITG. The input-oriented dimensions Compliance Management, IT Investment Management and ITG Improvement have received little attention in earlier conceptualisations, while the more output-oriented dimensions Business/IT Alignment and Business Value Delivery have featured more often in related studies. Scope and application of ITG may depend on the organisational context and the intentional use, such as regulatory or strategic. Depending on the context, more research seems to be warranted to develop context-dependent measurement constructs of ITG that can be compared over studies. (author's abstract)
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30

Lunsford, George Douglas. "Multiple approaches to the validation of the scores from the study anxiety inventory." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003125.

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31

Donnelly, Clayton. "A multi-group structural equation modelling investigation of the measurement invariance of the Campbell Interest and Skill Survey (CISS) across gender groups in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2387.

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Thesis (MComm (Industrial Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The choice of career path could create a stressful situation for many individuals. Researchers seem to agree that if a person is able to find fit between what they would like to do and what a job (work environment) involves then a person is likely to perform their chosen occupation well. Interest assessment is a method that assists in making personal and organisational career related decisions. The Campbell Interest and Skill Survey (CISS, Campbell, Hyne & Nilsen, 1992) is a well-known interest assessment instrument that can be used for such decisions. Even though interest assessment can assist, these instruments have been criticised for being gender biased and typically forcing people into stereotypical gendered type occupations. Bias is indicated as nuisance factors that threaten the validity of cross-group (cultural) comparisons (Van de Vijver & Leung, 1997). These nuisance factors could be due to construct bias, method bias and/or item bias. Therefore, due to the importance of the decisions made, it would seem essential that the information provided by test results apply equally across different reference groups – this would imply equivalent measurement. Equivalence is achieved at three levels: Configural, metric and scalar (Vandenberg & Lance, 2000; Vandenberg, 2002). Full measurement invariance (achieved when scalar invariance is found) implies the ability to compare observed scores directly. By making use of confirmatory factor analytic techniques suggested by Vandenberg and Lance (2000), increasing constraints of equivalence were proposed for the CISS measurement model. While adequate model fit was found for the CISS Basic scales, the sample size did not afford independent gender sample confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) and consequent measurement invariance tests to be conducted on the Basic scales. The CISS Orientation scales were then subjected to CFA on the combined gender sample and then were subjected to independent CFAs on the separate gender samples. Unfortunately poor model fit was found at this global level of measurement in the CISS. This prevented the researcher from completing the necessary measurement invariance tests on the Orientation scales for the CISS. The implications of the results are discussed, limitations are indicated and areas for further research are highlighted.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die maak van ‘n loopbaankeuse kan spanning veroorsaak in baie mense. Dit wil voorkom of navorsers saamstem dat indien ‘n person se werklike beroep ooreenstem met dit wat hy/sy graag sou wou doen – dan sal die persoon waarskynlik goed presteer in die gekose beroep. Die benutting van belangstellingsvraelyste kan individue help om effektiewe persoonlike en beroepsgerigte keuses te maak. Die “Campbell Interest and Skill Survey” (CISS, Campbell, Hyne & Nilsen, 1992) is ‘n bekende belangstellingsvraelys wat gebruik kan word om ondersteuning te bied om bogenoemde keuses te maak. Alhoewel belangstellingsvraelyste oor die algemeen waardevolle hulpbronne is in die maak van beroepskeuses, is hierdie vraelyste al gekritiseer dat hulle sydig kan wees op grond van geslag en as sulks mense kan lei om geslagsgetipeerde beroepskeuses te maak. “Sydigheid” in toetse kan beskryf word as “lastige” faktore wat die geldigheid van kruiskulturele vergelykings bedreig (Van de Vijver & Leung, 1997). Hierdie faktore kan veroorsaak word deur konstruksydigheid, metodesydigheid en/of itemsydigheid. Dit is dus noodsaaklik dat die informasie wat verskaf word deur die toetsresultate dieselfde betekenis moet hê oor al die verskillende verwysingsgroepe en dit noodsaak ekwivalente meting. Ekwivalensie kan bereik word op drie vlakke: konfiguraal, metries en skalêr (Vandenberg & Lance, 2000; Vandenberg, 2002). Volle invariansie van meting (wat bereik word wanneer skalêre invariansie bevind word) impliseer dat waargenome metings direk met mekaar vergelyk kan word. Deur gebruik te maak van bevestigende faktoranalitiese tegnieke voorgestel deur Vandenberg en Lance (2000), is toenemende ekwivalensiebeperkinge voorgestel vir die “CISS” metingsmodel. Alhoewel ’n bevredigende passing gevind is vir die “CISS Basic scales” model, het die grootte van die steekproef nie toegelaat dat die “CISS Basic scales” model onafhanklik op die twee geslagsgroepe gepas word nie en ook nie toegelaat dat die metingsinvariansie van die model oor die twee geslagsgroepe ondersoek word nie. Die “CISS Orientation scales” is toe blootgestel aan bevestigende faktorontleding op die gekombineerde geslagsteekproef en asook op die onderskeie geslagsgroepe. Op hierdie globale vlak kon daar egter nie bevredigende modelpassing gevind word nie. Die gebrekkige modelpassing het gevolglik die navorser verhoed om enige verdere metingsvariansie toetse op die “Orientation scales” te doen. Die implikasies van die resultate word bespreek, beperkinge word aangedui en verdere moonlike navorsingsgebiede word uitgelig.
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32

Oliveira, Leonardo Augusto dos Santos. "Identifying the sources of firms' institutional entrepreneurship capability: the influence of firms on recent changes in brazilian electricity sector´s norms and regulations." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/19106.

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Our research draws on the Institutional Entrepreneurship Capability (DiMaggio, 1988) intending to uncover the sources of institutional entrepreneurship capabilities and if these capabilities developed at home can be used by overseas subsidiaries to deal with local institutions. Scholars have focused on describing Institutional Entrepreneurship, not analyzing it, assuming agency exists; they have failed to explain how actors overcome the institutional environment in which they are embedded to be able to alter it (Mutch, 2007). So far, we have not been able to find any research that has specifically defined and put together the organization´s characteristics providing the ability to influence and change institutions. This paper contributes to the Institutional Entrepreneurship literature by filling this gap. We first identify which specific resources are providing companies with institutional entrepreneurship capability, providing us with a framework for measuring the ability to influence and change institutions. We identify four dimensions of institutional entrepreneurship capability: Political Power; Technological Power; Social Power; and Financial Power. We further developed Hypotheses about which of these sources of institutional entrepreneurship capabilities can be transferred from headquarters to overseas subsidiaries, thus, contributing to international business literature by introducing the institutional entrepreneurship capability, of both headquarters and subsidiaries, on subsidiaries' analysis. We further develop a measurement model for Institutional Entrepreneurship Capability (IEC), determining the degree of its presence in firms by disaggregating and describing IEC power dimensions to obtain a model to measure this capability. It assesses firm capability to change existing institutional arrangements. As there usually exist several institutional entrepreneurs in any field, measuring their IEC is relevant to understand the field, and how institutional change takes place, considering firm-specific capabilities. Intending to bridge the gap between abstract theoretical constructs and empirical measures, we define IEC through a network of associations with its observable properties and proxies, determining possible measurement techniques. This study concerns the recent changes in the Brazilian energy sector, which resulted in a set of new rules and regulations for the production and distribution of electrical energy in the national territory. We have analyzed all public hearings ranging from 2010 to 2015 at the National Agency for Electrical Energy (ANEEL) that resulted in changes the regulatory framework. About this period, we have identified 86 public hearings, with the participation of 217 entities, including state-owned and private companies, associations and state and federal governmental entities and individual contributions. About these 86 public hearings, we have identified 625 participations totaling 3170 contributions. Results showed the proposed model for measuring Institutional Entrepreneurship Capability of firms had a good fit and that this construct explained 56% of the variance in Firms´ driven institutional change. A theoretical contribution was made on the transferability of IEC from headquarters to subsidiaries oversee. We proposed further research.
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33

Hickman, Torey. "Culture Change: Defining and Measuring Student-centered Teaching." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1279204212.

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34

Bergkvist, Lars. "Advertising effectiveness measurement : intermediate constructs and measures." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics [Ekonomiska forskningsinstitutet vid Handelshögsk.] (EFI), 2000. http://www.hhs.se/efi/summary/531.htm.

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35

Gao, Rui. "Construct validity of College Basic Academic Subject examination /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3091926.

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36

Thurber, Robin Schul. "Construct validity of curriculum-based mathematics measures /." view abstract or download file of text, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9957576.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 1999.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-83). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users. Address: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9957576.
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Els, Leonie. "A confirmatory factor analytic study of the aspects of identity questionnaire (AIQ-IV)." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27800.

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To obtain valid and reliable research findings it is important to follow the process to validate measuring instruments. This entails determining the psychometric properties of a measure to eliminate or decrease the presence of measurement errors. Measurement errors have a negative impact on the validity of research findings. The aim of this study was to perform a confirmatory factor analytic study on the Aspects of Identity Questionnaire (AIQ-IV) to assess the model fit of the data. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed as part of the process to assess construct validity of a questionnaire to discover the misrepresenting influences of these measurement errors and to provide a foundation for further research. The AIQ-IV was administered to a sample of 157 participants in the South African context including different race, gender, age and occupation groups, drawn by means of convenient sampling. The research results and fit indices indicated that the data reflected a reasonable model fit. Copyright 2010, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. Please cite as follows: Els, L 2010, A confirmatory factor analytic study of the aspects of identity questionnaire (AIQ-IV), MCom dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02092012-122330 / > C12/4/67/gm
Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Human Resource Management
unrestricted
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38

Kaye, Gail Leslie. "Construct validity study of the Myers-Briggs type indicator." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1399891250.

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39

Treiblmaier, Horst, Peter M. Bentler, and Patrick Mair. "Formative Constructs Implemented via Common Factors." Taylor & Francis, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2011.532693.

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Recently there has been a renewed interest in formative measurement and its role in properly specified models. Formative measurement models are difficult to identify, and hence to estimate and test. Existing solutions to the identification problem are shown to not adequately represent the formative constructs of interest. We propose a new two-step approach to operationalize a formatively measured construct that allows a closely matched common factor equivalent to be included in any structural equation model. We provide an artificial example and an original empirical study of privacy to illustrate our approach. Detailed proofs are given in an appendix.
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40

Ip, Tsang Chui-hing Betty. "The construct validity of the aptitude test for prevocational schools." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1986. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B3862770X.

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41

Birk, Lisa E. "Construct relevant and irrelevant variables in math problem solving assessment." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3589483.

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In this study, I examined the relation between various construct relevant and irrelevant variables and a math problem solving assessment. I used independent performance measures representing the variables of mathematics content knowledge, general ability, and reading fluency. Non-performance variables included gender, socioeconomic status, language proficiency and special education qualification. Using a sequential regression and commonality analysis, I determined the amount of variance explained by each performance measure on the Oregon state math assessment in third grade. All variables were independently predictive of math problem solving scores, and used together, they explained 58% score variance. The math content knowledge measure explained the most variance uniquely (12%), and the measures of math content and general ability explained the most variance commonly (16%). In the second analysis, I investigated whether additional variance was explained once student demographic characteristics were controlled and how this affected the unique variance explained by each independent performance measure. By controlling for demographics, the model explained slightly more than 1% additional variance in math scores. The unique variance explained by each independent measure decreased slightly.

This study highlighted the influence of various construct relevant and irrelevant variables on math problem solving scores, including the extent to which a language-free measure of general ability might help to inform likely outcomes. The use of variance partitioning expanded understanding of the unique and common underlying constructs that affect math problem solving assessment. Finally, this study provided more information regarding the influence demographic information has on outcomes related to state math assessments.

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42

Petetit, Lynn Marie. "Construct validity of curriculum-based reading measures for intermediate-grade students /." view abstract or download file of text, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9963452.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2000.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-134). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users. Address: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9963452.
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43

Yung, Sonja Burns. "Measurement of sediment oxygen demand in a created urban wetland." Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08222009-040211/.

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44

Ahmed, Emtiaz Rony. "Racial-Ethnic Gaps in Achievement Motivational Constructs of U.S. Eighth-Grade Students that Predict Mathematics and Science Achievement." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1532072341697104.

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45

Ip, Tsang Chui-hing Betty, and 葉鈤翠卿. "The construct validity of the aptitude test for prevocational schools." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3862770X.

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46

Van, Drie Barbara G. "Efficacy of Juvenile Offender Assessments: Utilization of Recommendations, Measurement Constructs, and Risk Factors." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3200/.

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The purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy of juvenile offender assessments. Data from 104 juvenile offender assessments were analyzed and followed up with placement, subsequent offending, and outcome data from the juvenile and adult systems. Constructs consistently assessed included intellectual functioning, academic achievement, and personality functioning; however, under-diagnosis of intellectual deficits, learning disabilities, and personality disorders was found. Results indicated the assessment of family functioning, substance use, and social functioning should be included in comprehensive assessments, as they may result in alternative placement and treatment options of benefit to the juvenile offender. A juvenile offender typology proposed by DiCataldo and Grisso (1995) was successfully utilized and proved predictive of recidivism, future harm to others, and outcome.
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Hardy, Christopher R. "An examination of the dimensionalities and common constructs of selected adult cognitive learning style instruments." Diss., This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09192008-063044/.

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48

Clifford, Andrew. "A preliminary investigation into discursive models of interpreting as a means of enhancing construct validity in interpreter certification." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29086.

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Interpreter certification has been largely ignored by the literature in Interpreting Studies. What little research that does exist on the topic is understandably elementary, discussing concerns that are general in nature or describing the development of individual certification instruments. No research has as yet examined the psychometric properties of certification instruments, despite the urgings of legal precedent, the weight of professional opinion, and the requirements of professional standards. The present study has attempted to bridge this gap in two ways. First, to gain some sense of the current state of affairs in interpreter testing, a validation study of an existing certification test was conducted. Particular attention was paid to information about the test's constructs. Second, in a bid to improve construct validity, a new certification test was constructed and subsequently validated. Constructs in the new test were based on a discursive model of the interpreting process. Validation of the two tests revealed some interesting findings. Constructs in the existing test bore only a weak relationship to the interpreting profession. Also, the constructs did not prove to be useful in predicting relationships among the existing test scores. It was expected that three separate constructs would emerge from the data; instead, empirical evidence suggested that the data were unidimensional in nature. In contrast, constructs in the new test were strongly linked to the interpreting profession. They also proved to effectively predict relationships among the new test scores. It was expected that three separate constructs would emerge from the data, and empirical evidence suggested that this was, in fact, the case. The results of the present study indicate that there is room for improvement in the current state of interpreter testing, and that a test instrument based on discursive constructs is likely to demonstrate acceptable levels of validity. There is obviously a need for a great deal of future research on the psychometric aspects of interpreter certification, and it is strongly recommended that this research adopt a discursive approach.
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McBride, Reo H. "Toward a Domain Theory of Fluent Oral Reading with Expression." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1150.pdf.

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50

Bietra, Danielle. "Examing Positive Psychological Constructs in the Context of 12-Step Recovery." NSUWorks, 2015. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/85.

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Twelve step organizations such as Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous are free, community-based fellowships. Such organizations are the most widely sought recovery management options, surpassing professional treatment. The emerging evidence base suggests that involvement in such organizations is associated with positive substance-related outcomes (e.g., abstinence). Relatively speaking, however, far less is known about whether or not involvement is associated with other meaningful psychosocial constructs. The current study examined gratitude, meaning in life, life satisfaction, personal growth, and various other recovery and psychosocial constructs in a sample of self-identified NA members (N = 128) from 26 U.S. states, ranging in age from 22 to 64 years. The primary aim of the present study was to psychometrically evaluate and refine four distinct positive psychology instruments (i.e., Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ – 6), Meaning in Life Scale (MLQ), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Personal Growth Initiative Scale (PGIS)). The current study contained three phases. First, the psychometric properties of each instrument were examined within an Item Response Theory measurement framework. The Rating Scale Model was used to evaluate the each instrument using WINSTEPS 3.74.01. With the exception of the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (which did not conform to an IRT measurement model), each instrument was iteratively refined based on statistical and clinical considerations, resulting in the collapse of response options and the removal of poorly fitting items. These refinements improved the psychometric properties of each instrument, resulting in a more reliable, accurate, and efficient way to measure gratitude, life satisfaction, and personal growth in clinical samples. Second, items from the GQ – 6, SWLS, and PGIS were examined concurrently using the PROC IRT procedure in SAS to explore whether the constructs were distinct from one another. Results provide support that gratitude, life satisfaction, and personal growth are unique and distinct constructs. Last, the study examined several recovery-related correlates of gratitude, life satisfaction, and personal growth. Hierarchical regression models assessed whether abstinence duration and other recovery-related variables accounted for significant incremental variance in gratitude, life satisfaction, and personal growth, over and above several covariates. As a block, abstinence duration and recovery predictors accounted for significant incremental variance in all of the constructs. These data suggest ongoing recovery involvement in 12-step organizations may be associated with positive outcomes beyond abstinence. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.
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