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Journal articles on the topic 'Constructed wetland (CW)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 15 July 2025

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1

Surabhi Singh. "Wastewater Pretreatment Methods for Constructed Wetland: A Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 9, no. 3 (2022): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31033/ijrasb.9.3.8.

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The constructed wetland (CW) performance depends on constructed wetland, bed media, and vegetation variations. This study represents a descriptive review of wastewater methods for wetland construction. The wastewater generation includes dairy waste, textile waste, piggery waste, petrochemical waste, tannery waste, etc. This review summarizes constructed wetlands variations, including vegetation, efficiency removal, maintenance, and construction cost. The fundamental definition of CW is that it is an eco-friendly technique to remove the pollutants from the wastewater and is mostly used by petro

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2

Sunny Pathak, Sunny Pathak, and Dr B. L. Jagetiya Dr. B. L. Jagetiya. "Wastewater Treatment Using Constructed Wetland." Journal of Advances in Science and Technology 20, no. 1 (2024): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.29070/fjzapc98.

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Municipal wastewater, wastewater from petroleum refineries, agricultural drainage, acid minedrainage, etc. have all benefited from the use of constructed wetlands (CW), an ecologically benignmethod for purging pollutants from wastewater. The science of microbiology has expanded at anastounding rate during the last decade. Focusing on developments in the previous three decades, thispaper provides a comprehensive assessment of important facets of CW, including its many forms, thecontaminants their removal mechanisms, degradation routes, difficulties, possibilities, materials,applications, and th

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Pavan, S. Kamble, and Dalvi Trupti. "Wastewater Treatment using Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 2, no. 1 (2017): 480–82. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd6988.

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Conventional wastewater treatment systems comprising of energy intensive and mechanized treatment components require heavy investment and entail high operating costs. Constructed wetlands are accepted as a reliable wastewater treatment technology and represent an appropriate solution for the treatment of many wastewater types. A constructed wetland is a shallow basin filled with some sort of substrate, usually soil or gravel, and planted with vegetation tolerant of saturated conditions The role of constructed wetlands as environmental barrier and as a psychological separation is especially imp

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Xu, QiaoLing, Li Wang, Ping Wang, XueYuan Wen, and Feng Zhang. "Clogging in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands: Causes for Clogging and Influence of Decontamination." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 29, no. 1 (2022): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eces-2022-0007.

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Abstract With the continuous operation of constructed wetlands, substrate clogging is issue. In order to solve the problem, there is practical significance to understand the causes for clogging in constructed wetlands. Two pilot-scale vertical flow constructed wetlands were established, namely, CW-B and CW-C. By studying the relationship between the accumulation of different substances and the banked-up water area, it was found that the accumulation of non-filter substances and total solids was an important reason for the clogging of the substrate, and the accumulation degree of non-filter ino

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Araneda, Ignacio, Natalia Tapia, Katherine Lizama Allende, and Ignacio Vargas. "Constructed Wetland-Microbial Fuel Cells for Sustainable Greywater Treatment." Water 10, no. 7 (2018): 940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10070940.

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Greywater reuse through decentralized and low-cost treatment systems emerges as an opportunity to tackle the existing demand for water. In recent years, constructed wetlands (CW) systems and microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have emerged as attractive technologies for sustainable wastewater treatment. In this study, constructed wetland microbial fuel cells (CW-MFCs) planted with Phragmites australis were tested to evaluate the potential of combining these two systems for synthetic greywater treatment and energy recovery. Open (CW) and closed circuit (CW-MFCs) reactors were operated for 152 days to e

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Spieles, Douglas J. "Wetland Construction, Restoration, and Integration: A Comparative Review." Land 11, no. 4 (2022): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11040554.

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In response to the global loss and degradation of wetland ecosystems, extensive efforts have been made to reestablish wetland habitat and function in landscapes where they once existed. The reintroduction of wetland ecosystem services has largely occurred in two categories: constructed wetlands (CW) for wastewater treatment, and restored wetlands (RW) for the renewal or creation of multiple ecosystem services. This is the first review to compare the objectives, design, performance, and management of CW and RW, and to assess the status of efforts to combine CW and RW as Integrated Constructed W

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Sukhla, Prof Saurabh M., Mr Khatik Sufiyan Jameel, Mr Prasad Abhishek Ramesh, et al. "Wastewater Treatment Using Constructed Wetland System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 5 (2022): 1303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42463.

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Abstract: Natural wetland such as marshes ,swamps and bogs protect water quality . constructed or artificial wetland system mimic the treatment that occurs in natural wetlands by rellyilng on plants and a combination of naturally occurring biological , chemical and physical processes to remove pollutants from water . As of 1999,there were more than 500 constructed wetland in Europe and 600 in north America . constructed wetland are a less energy intensive and more environmentally sound way of treating waste water and conserving potable water . The first single family home constructed wetland i

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Ma, Fei, Li Jiang, and Ting Zeng. "Reversing Clogging in Vertical-Flow Constructed Wetlands by Backwashing Treatment." Advanced Materials Research 129-131 (August 2010): 1064–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.129-131.1064.

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More and more constructed wetland CW) were used to treat waste water in the world for its advantage on cheaper and efficiency. CW would clog for improper design or imperfect management, so application for it was limited. The purpose of this paper is that using backwashing method resolve filter media clogging problem which is an intractable matter in constructed wetlands project. The effects of the backwashing treatment on pollutant removal, as well as the influence on characteristics of hydraulics of wetlands, were studied. The experimental results indicate that CW hydraulic conductivity, hydr

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9

Jingyu, Huang, Nicholas Miwornunyuie, David Ewusi-Mensah, and Desmond Ato Koomson. "Assessing the factors influencing the performance of constructed wetland–microbial fuel cell integration." Water Science and Technology 81, no. 4 (2020): 631–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2020.135.

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Abstract Constructed wetland coupled microbial fuel cell (CW-MFC) systems integrate an aerobic zone and an anaerobic zone to treat wastewater and to generate bioenergy. The concept evolves based on the principles of constructed wetlands and plant MFC (one form of photosynthetic MFC) technologies, of which all contain plants. CW-MFC have been used in a wide range of application since their introduction in 2012 for wastewater treatment and electricity generation. However, there are few reports on the individual components and their performance on CW-MFC efficiency. The performance and efficiency

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10

Othman, Maidiana, Zuliziana Suif, Nordila Ahmad, Siti Khadijah Che Osmi, and Mohamad Nazrul Hafiz Mohd Nadzri. "Performance of Pilot-scale Constructed Wetland for Treating Stormwater." Jurnal Kejuruteraan si4, no. 2 (2021): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2021-si4(2)-21.

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Water scarcity and storm water management are two major challenges that effect the ecosystem and urban environment. In hot and humid country such as Malaysia, wastewater reuse should be encouraging whenever it is safe and economically feasible. Constructed wetlands (CW) have been recognized as one of the environmentally friendly technologies and successfully used for treating a diverse range of wastewaters. Constructed wetland can also be suitable habitat for native wetland plants and associated fauna. In an urban setting such as a university campus, a constructed wetland can also be landscape

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Abbasi, Haq Nawaz, Jing Xie, Syed Ikhlaq Hussain, and Xiwu Lu. "Nutrient removal in hybrid constructed wetlands: spatial-seasonal variation and the effect of vegetation." Water Science and Technology 79, no. 10 (2019): 1985–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.196.

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Abstract Constructed wetlands (CWs) are an aesthetic and sustainable form to treat wastewater, however, their performance can be increased by improving a number of factors. The pilot-scale hybrid constructed wetland (CW) system was the combination of constructed floating treatment wetlands (CFWs) and horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSFCWs); operated for a year and covered all seasons. The research was conducted to investigate the performance of the CW system regarding water depth, spatial, and seasonal removal of pollutants. Nine economical plants species were selected and div

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Prihatini, Nopi Stiyati, Indah Nirtha, and Riza Miftahul Khair. "Study of Variation of Plant Types of Vertical SubSurface Constructed Wetland Treating Groundwater Contaminated with Iron (Fe)." International Journal of Research and Review 9, no. 1 (2022): 635–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220174.

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Drilling groundwater at the BSD Housing Complex, Malintang Village, Gambut District, Banjar Regency has an iron (Fe) value of 5.98 mg/L. According to the Minister of Health Number 32 of 2017 concerning water health requirements for hygiene and sanitation purposes, the water is above the quality standard, 1.0 mg/L for Iron (Fe). One of the treatment methods used to treat the contaminated groundwater is constructed wetland (CW). CW was chosen because of its relatively low cost and environmentally sound natural wetlands. We used the Vertical Flow Subsurface Constructed Wetland (VSSF-CW) in this s

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Zhang, Yun, Feng Liu, Yidong Lin, et al. "Enhanced Swine Wastewater Treatment by Constructed Wetland—Microbial Fuel Cell Systems." Water 14, no. 23 (2022): 3930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14233930.

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This paper studies the effects of planting plants and coupled microbial fuel cells (MFCs) on the decontamination capacity and purification mechanism of constructed wetlands (CWs). Four systems were set, namely CW-without plants (A1), CW-with plants (A2), CW-MFC-without plants (A3) and CW-MFC-with plants (A4). The daily reductions per unit area of chemical oxygen demand (COD) were 48.72 ± 5.42, 51.26 ± 4.10, 53.49 ± 5.44 and 58.54 ± 4.16 g·(d·m2)−1, respectively. The daily reductions per unit area of nitrogen (N) were 11.89 ± 0.73, 12.38 ± 0.76, 12.24 ± 0.79 and 13.61 ± 1.07 g·(d·m2)−1, respect

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14

Qomariyah, S., B. Utomo, and A. H. Wahyudi. "Constructed wetlands with Cyperus alternifolius as a sustainable solution for household greywater treatment." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1065, no. 1 (2022): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1065/1/012025.

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Abstract Compared to the conventional wastewater treatment plants, constructed wetlands (CWs) are low-cost and affordable green technologies for treating many types of wastewater. This study aimed to evaluate the sustainability of an old-single CW, after four years of operation, and compare its performance with a new-smaller CW, using Cyperus alternifolius plant and applying Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) for one day. Two artificial wetlands, namely CW-B and CW-S, were used with dimensions (length x width x height) of 170 x 70 x 70cm and 71 x 42.5 x 52.5cm, respectively. The first operation of

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15

Noorvee, A., E. Põldvere, and Ü. Mander. "The effect of a vertical flow filter bed on a hybrid constructed wetland system." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 9 (2005): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0305.

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Data from 18 sampling wells in Kodijärve horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) constructed wetland (CW) (South Estonia) is presented and differences in purification efficiencies inside the HSSF CW are calculated. Temporarily anaerobic conditions in the Kodijärve HSSF system did not allow efficient removal of BOD7, NH4-N, Ntot and Ptot. In 2002 a vertical subsurface flow filter was constructed to enhance aeration. The design of the system was based simply on the oxygen demand of the wastewater and on the aeration potential of vertical flow wetlands. The vertical flow system has shown satisfactory r

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Prihatini, Nopi Stiyati, Indah Nirtha, and Muhammad Sadiqul Iman. "ROLE OF PURUN TIKUS IN VERTICAL SUBSURFACE FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLAND IN TREATING MANGANESE (Mn) FROM COAL MINE DRAINAGE." TROPICAL WETLAND JOURNAL 2, no. 1 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/twj.v2i1.18.

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Constructed wetland (CW) is one of the passive methods used to process coal mine drainage. In this study, we used vertical (VF) subsurface flow (SSF) constructed wetland (CW) with purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis). The purpose of the study was to assess the role of purun tikus in increasing the efficiency of constructed wetland to remove Mn from Coal Mine Drainage. The constructed wetland operated under batch hydraulic loading regime. The results showed that the efficiency of the VF-SSFCW System without purun tikus was 15.53% and VF-SSFCW with purun tikus 78.94%.

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Tang, Van Tai, and Kannan Pakshirajan. "Novel advanced porous concrete in constructed wetlands: preparation, characterization and application in urban storm runoff treatment." Water Science and Technology 78, no. 11 (2018): 2374–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.528.

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Abstract Common porous concrete templates (CPCT) and advanced porous concrete templates (APCT) were employed in this study to construct wetlands for their applications in pollutant removal from storm runoff. The planting ability of the concrete was investigated by growing Festuca elata plants in them. Strength of the porous concrete (7.21 ± 0.19 Mpa) decreased by 1.8 and 4.9% over a period of six and 12 months, respectively, due to its immersion in lake water. The height and weight of Festuca elata grass growth on the porous concrete were observed to be 12.6–16.9 mm and 63.4–95.4 mg, respectiv

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Miguel-Espinosa, Camila San, Consuelo Rámila, Eduardo Leiva, and Katherine Lizama-Allende. "Boron and sulfate removal using rice husk as filtration material in horizontal flow constructed wetlands microcosms." BioResources 14, no. 1 (2018): 363–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.1.363-375.

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Constructed wetlands (CW) are being explored as an alternative treatment for boron removal. The efficiency of CW strongly depends on the substrate and plants used. A promising and inexpensive substrate is rice husk. This study explored the capacity of this residue to treat boron-rich wastewaters as main wetland substrate in laboratory constructed wetland microcosms. Two plants, Typha angustifolia and Puccinellia frigida, were used to evaluate their capacity to increase boron removal. It was found that CW removed ~40% of boron. Although both species presented high boron concentrations in their

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Hassan, Ikrema, Saidur R. Chowdhury, Perdana K. Prihartato, and Shaikh A. Razzak. "Wastewater Treatment Using Constructed Wetland: Current Trends and Future Potential." Processes 9, no. 11 (2021): 1917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9111917.

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Constructed wetlands (CW) is an environmentally friendly technique for removing pollutants from wastewater and has been applied to municipal wastewater, petroleum refinery wastewater, agriculture drainage, acid mine drainage, etc. The past decade has seen a remarkable number of innovations in the exponentially growing field of microbiology. This manuscript covers a critical review of key aspects of CW, such as various types of CW, the contaminants and their removal mechanisms, degradation pathways, challenges and opportunities, materials, applications, and theory with a focus on recent advance

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Rani, Neetu, R. C. Maheshwari, Vivek Kumar, and V. K. Vijay. "Purification of pulp and paper mill effluent through Typha and Canna using constructed wetlands technology." Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 1, no. 4 (2011): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2011.045.

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The use of constructed wetlands (CW) to treat domestic as well as industrial wastewater is rapidly emerging as a viable alternative in India. Constructed wetland systems offer several potential advantages as a wastewater treatment process. These advantages include simple operation and maintenance and lower construction and operating costs. The study evaluated the effectiveness of the subsurface flow constructed wetland for pulp and paper mill wastewater treatment and also the effectiveness of plant species. A pilot scale study was conducted to examine the feasibility of a CW system for treatme

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Yang, Qiao, Chao Gao, Zhen-Xing Wu, Sheng-Na Liang, and Min-Hui Liu. "Activated carbon clogging analysis in an integration of constructed wetland with microbial fuel cell." E3S Web of Conferences 53 (2018): 01025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185301025.

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Constructed wetland (CW) is a low cost and easy operation process for wastewater treatment, while filler clogging is one of the disadvantages for this technology. Using activated carbon as the filler, a regular CW and an integration of constructed wetland with microbial fuel cell (CW-MFC) were constructed. After continuous operation of four months, specific surface area and pore size distribution of the activated carbon were analyzed. The specific surface area of the fresh activated carbon was 133.8 m2/g, while the filler in the CW and CW-MFC systems had specific surface area of 38.1 m2/g and

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Paulo, P. L., L. Begosso, N. Pansonato, Roshan R. Shrestha, and M. A. Boncz. "Design and configuration criteria for wetland systems treating greywater." Water Science and Technology 60, no. 8 (2009): 2001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.542.

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Design and configuration for wetlands treating greywater are usually based on literature data obtained from domestic wastewater operating wetlands. It is very important to determine proper criteria for design and configuration to provide efficiency and minimum maintenance, avoiding bad odour and clogging amongst others, ensuring the acceptance of householders. The aim of this work was to design a wetland system treating greywater for a household and determine whether the chosen criteria were appropriate. Some of the criteria taken into consideration for design and configuration were: quantitat

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Riccardo Bresciani. "Constructed wetland technology as an innovative water treatment method." Vestnik MGSU, no. 7 (July 2019): 885–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2019.7.885-900.

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Introduction: the innovative technology of constructed wetlands (CW) allows removing a wide range of pollutants from the waste water, while minimizing the use of mechanical equipment and chemical reagents as well as systems of process monitoring. As a result, it permits to save the energy and human resources without declining the efficiency of the process. The purpose of the study is to analyse and evaluate the functionality of existing CW technologies and determine the conditions of their application. Materials and methods: in the case study, the data obtained by Ambiente Italia and the resul

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Setiadi, Eri, and Lies Setijaningsih. "IMPROVING WATER QUALITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) USING CONSTRUCTED WETLAND." Indonesian Aquaculture Journal 6, no. 2 (2011): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/iaj.6.2.2011.107-122.

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Organic and inorganic pollutants such as N, P, and heavy metals are a serious problem in water bodies (lake, reservoir, river, and stream) and have deleterious effects to pond productivity and human health. These pollutants produced from anthropogenic activities (i.e. industrial, agricultural, and settlement) are released into the water bodies and causing poor water quality. Constructed wetland (CW) is one of the technologies that have the capability to solve such problems. The purpose of this experiment was to examine the efficiency of constructed wetland in terms of reducing pollutants from

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Bulc, T., and A. Sajn Slak. "Performance of constructed wetland for highway runoff treatment." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 2 (2003): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0136.

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Highways have a long-term impact on the environment, therefore a sustainable approach to their design is vital. In the spring of 2001 a pilot constructed wetland (CW) system was set up at a section of the northeast-southwest motorway in Slovenia. It was designed for a critical flow of 11.75 l/s for 0.75 ha of catchment area. It consisted of a sedimentation basin covering an area of 36 m2 and a CW of 85 m2. The CW was filled with sand media and planted with reeds. Performance efficiency of the system was evaluated from summer to autumn 2001. Some of the physical and chemical parameters monitore

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Yan, Dengming, Xinshan Song, Baisha Weng, Zhilei Yu, Wuxia Bi, and Junfeng Wang. "Bioelectricity generation from air-cathode microbial fuel cell connected to constructed wetland." Water Science and Technology 78, no. 9 (2018): 1990–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.471.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the different performance of bioelectricity generation and wastewater treatment between constructed wetland (CW) respectively coupled with air-cathode microbial fuel cell (ACMFC) and microbial fuel cell (MFC) under a fed-batch mode. During a 75-day-operation, the voltage of CW-ACMFC and CW-MFC ranged from 0.36 to 0.52 V and from −0.04 to 0.07 V, indicating that the bioenergy output of CW-ACMFC was significantly higher than that of CW-MFC system. In addition, the maximum of power density of CW-ACMFC and CW-MFC was 4.21 and 0.005 mW m−2. Notably,

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Zhai, J., H. W. Xiao, K. Kujawa-Roeleveld, Q. He, and S. M. Kerstens. "Experimental study of a novel hybrid constructed wetland for water reuse and its application in Southern China." Water Science and Technology 64, no. 11 (2011): 2177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.790.

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A new type of hybrid constructed wetland (CW), consisting of both vertical-baffled flow wetland (VBFW) and horizontal subsurface flow wetland (HSFW), has been deployed in Southern China to naturally accelerate the removal of organic matter and nitrogen. The hybrid CW system is characterised by a combination of continuous baffled flow vertical wetland and ‘S’ pattern horizontal subsurface flow wetland with natural aeration ditches to increase the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the HSFW bed. An internal circulatory system from the HSFW effluent back to the VBFW may optionally be operated t

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Xu, De Fu, Ying Xue Li, Hua Fang, Xiao Li Zhao, and Yi Dong Guan. "Response of Three Wetland Plants Growth and Nutrient Distribution to Earthworms in Constructed Wetland System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 1030–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.1030.

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The response of growth characteristics (tillering number, plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, and leaf width), and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentration of three wetland plants to the introduction of earthworms in a constructed wetland (CW) was investigated under greenhouse conditions. The growth characteristics, and N and P concentration of wetland plants were influenced by earthworms. The addition of earthworms enhanced three wetland plants growth, especially benefiting to the flower formation of the C. indica. The addition of earthworms to CW, the increased rate of plant heigh

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Shrestha, R. R., R. Haberl, and J. Laber. "Constructed wetland technology transfer to Nepal." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 11 (2001): 345–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0701.

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Constructed Wetland (CW) technology is still not wide spread in developing countries despite having great potential. This paper describes an approach carried out in Nepal to transfer CW technology for wastewater treatment. Three CWs (hospital wastewater treatment - 20 m3/d, greywater treatment of a single household, septage treatment - 40 m3/d) were built and two have been investigated so far. All systems are subsurface flow systems with at least one vertical flow stage. Their treatment efficiency turned out to be very high. Median load elimination rates of the hospital wastewater and greywate

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Wang, Ling, and Tian Li. "Vegetation effects on anammox spatial distribution and nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands treated with domestic sewage." Water Science and Technology 70, no. 8 (2014): 1370–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.388.

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In this study, two horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands (CWs) (planted and unplanted) were constructed and compared to investigate the effects of vegetation on nitrogen removal and anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) spatial distribution and enrichment. Calamus (Acorus calamus L.), which has a large root system, was selected as the vegetation. Removal of total nitrogen from the planted wetland was much higher than that from the unplanted one. Radial oxygen loss from calamus provided the planted wetland with better oxygen restoration ability, benefitting ammonium removal in the CW

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Waly, Marwa M., Taha Ahmed, Ziyad Abunada, Slobodan B. Mickovski, and Craig Thomson. "Constructed Wetland for Sustainable and Low-Cost Wastewater Treatment: Review Article." Land 11, no. 9 (2022): 1388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11091388.

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There is a growing need for more sustainable wastewater treatment technologies to provide non-conventional water sources. Constructed Wetland systems (CW) are viewed as a low-cost treatment technology with proven treatment efficiency. CWS can treat a variety of contaminants using low energy and natural systems by altering various design parameters. There are two configuration types of constructed wetlands: vertical (VF) and horizontal flow CW (HF). Both configurations have been widely adopted in both large and pilot scale studies with proven records of reasonable wastewater treatment efficienc

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Zeb, Bibi Saima, Qaisar Mahmood, Saima Jadoon, et al. "Combined Industrial Wastewater Treatment in Anaerobic Bioreactor Posttreated in Constructed Wetland." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/957853.

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Constructed wetland (CW) with monoculture ofArundo donaxL. was investigated for the posttreatment of anaerobic bioreactor (ABR) treating combined industrial wastewater. Different dilutions of combined industrial wastewater (20, 40, 60, and 80) and original wastewater were fed into the ABR and then posttreated by the laboratory scale CW. The respective removal efficiencies of COD, BOD, TSS, nitrates, and ammonia were 80%, 78–82%, 91.7%, 88–92%, and 100% for original industrial wastewater treated in ABR. ABR was efficient in the removal of Ni, Pb, and Cd with removal efficiencies in the order of

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Karajic, Milana, Ales Lapanje, Jaka Razinger, Alexis Zrimec, and Danijel Vrhovsek. "The effect of the application of halotolerant microorganisms on the efficiency of a pilot-scale constructed wetland for saline wastewater treatment." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 75, no. 1 (2010): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc1001129k.

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In order to find the optimal design characteristics of constructed wetlands for saline wastewater treatment, halotolerant microorganisms, isolated from the water of the Secovlje salterns, were inoculated into the media of a pilot-scale constructed wetland (CW). The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of different salinities on the efficiency of halotolerant microorganisms for the removal of pollutants in order to evaluate the possibility of their employment for saline wastewater treatment. The efficiency of ammonium removal (34.1 %) was the highest with 0 % NaCl in wastewater an

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Milani, Mirco, Simona Consoli, Alessia Marzo, et al. "Treatment of Winery Wastewater with a Multistage Constructed Wetland System for Irrigation Reuse." Water 12, no. 5 (2020): 1260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12051260.

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This paper reports a study on the performance of a multistage constructed wetland (CW) system adopted for winery wastewater and on the analysis of its suitability for irrigation reuse. The CW system treats about 3 m3·day−1 of wastewater produced by a small winery located in Sicily (insular Italy). Wastewater samples were collected at the CW inlet and outlet for physical–chemical and microbiological quality characterization. CW efficiency was evaluated on the basis of water quality improvement and of the achievement of Italian and EU irrigation reuse regulation limits. The CW system showed Chem

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Vrhovšek, Dani, Vlasta Kukanja, and Tjaša Bulc. "Constructed wetland (CW) for industrial waste water treatment." Water Research 30, no. 10 (1996): 2287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(96)00114-5.

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Pérez, Yvelisse, Daniel García-Cortes, Antonio Torres-Valle, and Ulises Jáuregui-Haza. "Risk Assessment of Domestic Wastewater Treatment System Based on Constructed Wetlands." Sustainability 15, no. 22 (2023): 15850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152215850.

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Risk assessment methods vary and have been applied to areas such as environmental, technological, and occupational safety, adapting to the complexities of the subjects under study. The objective of this work is to conduct a risk analysis of a domestic wastewater treatment system based on constructed wetlands (CW) and to evaluate actions to reduce the operational risk of the studied installation. The approach used is the three-dimensional risk matrix, which is a simplified version of the probabilistic risk evaluation method, making it more accessible and allowing for broader application. To app

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Cooper, P. "The Constructed Wetland Association UK database of constructed wetland systems." Water Science and Technology 56, no. 3 (2007): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.490.

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There are now more than 1,000 constructed wetland systems (CWs) in the UK. The first UK CW database was constructed by Water Research Centre (WRc) and Severn Trent Water Ltd to accompany a book on the design and performance of these systems. In that database, constructed by Gareth Job et al. (1996), only 154 beds were listed, most of which were tertiary sewage treatment sites in Severn Trent Water. The Constructed Wetland Association (CWA) was formed in 2000 as a UK water industry body in response to problems caused by unscrupulous constructors. A group of experienced, reputable designers and

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Forbes, E. G. A., R. H. Foy, M. V. Mulholland, and J. L. Brettell. "Performance of a constructed wetland for treating farm-yard dirty water." Water Science and Technology 64, no. 1 (2011): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.584.

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Constructed wetlands (CWs) have been used to treat agricultural effluents with varying success especially with respect to their operational efficiency in winter and ability to retain phosphorus. Dirty water (DW) from dairy farms is a mixture of manure contaminated runoff and milk parlour washings with a highly polluting biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) ≤3,000 mg/L. The initial performance a CW of a 1.2 ha horizontal flow CW consisting of five ponds in series designed to treat DW from a dairy unit was assessed over four years. Ponds were earth-lined and shallow (0.3 m) with a water residence tim

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Vymazal, Jan. "Constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment in the Czech Republic the first 5 years experience." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 11 (1996): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0275.

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The first full-scale constructed wetland (CW) for wastewater treatment in the Czech Republic was built in 1989. By the end of 1991 only three more CW had been put into operation. An inventory survey in 1994 revealed the presence of 41 constructed wetlands in operation or in building. All CW in the Czech Republic use the horizontal subsurface-flow configuration. With few exceptions, all systems have been designed for the secondary treatment of domestic or municipal sewage. The treatment area of vegetated beds ranges between 18 and 4493 m2 and population equivalent ranges between 4 and 1100. Com

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Maharjan, Amit Kumar, Iswar Man Amatya, and Tadashi Toyama. "Pollutant Removal Abilities of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland." Nepal Journal of Civil Engineering 1, no. 1 (2021): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njce.v1i1.43369.

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With the rapid urbanization, the production of wastewater is increasing day by day. Direct discharge of wastewater in the water bodies/land causes environmental pollutions. Hence, treatment of the wastewater is must, prior to the disposal. Treatment of wastewater through constructed wetlands (CWs) require low cost, less energy consumption, easy construction, and simple operation/maintenance. So, CWs can be the better option for the developing countries such as Nepal. Main objective of the study was to determine the pollutant/nutrient removal abilities of total nitrogen (N), total phosphorous (

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Braskerud, B. C., and K. Haarstad. "Screening the retention of thirteen pesticides in a small constructed wetland." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 5 (2003): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0332.

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When pesticides are used in arable watersheds, residues are usually found in the recipients. However, small constructed wetlands (CWs) in first and second order streams can reduce the loss of pesticides, since water purification processes are stimulated. This paper presents the results of adding 13 pesticides to a CW in Norway. The relative retention increased between 0 and 67% for the pesticides fluroxypyr, bentazone, dicamba, mecoprop, propiconazole, MCPA, dichlorprop, linuron, fenpropimorph, metalaxyl, metribuzin, metamitron and propachlor. In many cases, the CW reduced the peak concentrati

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Waly, Marwa M., Slobodan B. Mickovski, Craig Thomson, and Kingsley Amadi. "Impact of Implementing Constructed Wetlands on Supporting the Sustainable Development Goals." Land 11, no. 11 (2022): 1963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11111963.

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The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals’ (UN SDGs) action call promotes worldwide social, environmental, and economic prosperity. Each country developed a local plan to achieve the SDGs’ objectives and targets. The UN presents an annual global SDG progress report, based on an international indicator framework and regional available data. Wetland ecosystems contribute to the SDGs; however, more research is required to evaluate wetlands’ impact on sustainable development. This study investigates how implementing constructed wetlands (CW) at a local scale can contribute to achieving and

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Bulc, Tjaša, Danijel Vrhovšek, and Vlasta Kukanja. "The use of constructed wetland for landfill leachate treatment." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 5 (1997): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0222.

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Based on data that none of the 53 registrated and 60 000 illegal landfill sites in Slovenia is properly structured, the landfill leachate is deemed to be one of the most serious pollution problems. A pilot constructed wetland (CW), as an innovative technology that provides simple and inexpensive waste water treatment was introduced for landfill leachate treatment at the Dragonja landfill site on the Adriatic coast. The system consists of two interconnected beds with a subsurface flow, covering an area of 450 m2. An average hydraulic load was 3 cm d−1. The influent concentrations were for COD 1

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Billore, S. K., N. Singh, H. K. Ram, et al. "Treatment of a molasses based distillery effluent in a constructed wetland in central India." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 11-12 (2001): 441–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0864.

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A field-scale 4-celled, horizontal subsurface constructed wetland (CW) was installed to evaluate removal efficiencies of wastewater constituents in an industrial distillery effluent. Total and dissolved solids, NH4-N, TKN, P and COD were measured. This CW design provides four serial cells with synthetic liners and a river gravel base. The first two unplanted cells provide preliminary treatment. Specific gravel depths and ensuing biofilm growth provides anaerobic treatment in Cell 1 and anaerobic treatment in Cell 2. Cell 3 was planted with Typha latifolia with an inserted layer of brick rubble

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Biswas Roy, Malabika, Shilpa Saha, and Pankaj Kumar Roy. "Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment." Ecology, Economy and Society–the INSEE Journal 8, no. 1 (2025): 13–54. https://doi.org/10.37773/ees.v8i1.1281.

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Constructed wetlands (CWs) mimic natural wetland processes and are designed primarily for wastewater treatment. Their cost-effectiveness and energy efficiency have made them popular globally. In the present study, the online Scopus database was used to identify 4407 documents related to CWs from 1991 to 2020 and bibliometric analysis was conducted. Among these, 209 publications were highly cited (>100 times), constituting 5.1% of all publications. VOSviewer software was used to conduct citation network analyses, which revealed a steady increase in annual publications on the topic over time.

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Colares, Gustavo Stolzenberg, Gleison de Souza Celente, Fagner Pereira da Silva, et al. "Combined system for the treatment and reuse of urban wastewater: the efficiency of anaerobic reactors + hybrid constructed wetlands + ozonation." Water Science and Technology 80, no. 2 (2019): 254–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.270.

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Abstract The research developed a combined system in batch flow and in pilot scale for the treatment and reuse of urban effluents. The system was fed raw effluent from a university campus in Brazil and composed of four anaerobic reactors, three constructed wetlands (CWs) and an ozonation unit. The three sequential hybrid constructed wetlands were composed of a floating treatment wetland, an aerobic-anoxic baffled constructed wetland (CW) and a saturated vertifcal flow CW. Later, during the last trimester, weekly samples of the treated effluent were ozonated by bubbling with an application rate

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Loshinta, Mona, Haryati Bawole Sutanto, and Guruh Prihatmo. "Pengaruh Kedalaman Rhizofer Tanaman Melati Air (Echinodorus palaefolius) Terhadap Kuantitas Oksigen Terlarut Pada Sistem Sub Surface Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland." SAINTEK : Jurnal Ilmiah Sains dan Teknologi Industri 4, no. 2 (2021): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.32524/saintek.v4i2.157.

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Melati air has aerenchyma which plays an important role in the process of transferring oxygen to the rhizofer to qualify the oxygen demand in constructed wetland system. In this research, the Sub Surface Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland (SSVF CW) system was built to determine the effect of the depth of the Echinodorus palaefolius's rhizofer on the quantity of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the SSVF CW system. This system was designed to treat domestic wastewater with HRT of 4 days. SSVF CW was built using soil and stones of 1-2 cm, 2.5-5 cm, 7-10 cm as media. This study shows that melati air with a

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Wang, Yae, Yaqian Zhao, Lei Xu, et al. "Constructed wetland integrated microbial fuel cell system: looking back, moving forward." Water Science and Technology 76, no. 2 (2017): 471–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.190.

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In the last 10 years, the microbial fuel cell (MFC) has been extensively studied worldwide to extract energy from wastewater via electricity generation. More recently, a merged technique of embedding MFC into a constructed wetland (CW) has been developed and appears to be increasingly investigated. The driving force to integrate these two technologies lies in the fact that CWs naturally possess a redox gradient (depending on flow direction and wetland depth), which is required by MFCs as anaerobic anode and aerobic cathode chambers. No doubt, the integration of MFC with a CW will upgrade the C

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Mohsin, Habiba, Norheen Amina, Amina Irfan, et al. "SIGNIFICANCE OF CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS IN COMBATING POLLUTANTS FROM WASTEWATER: A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE." Advances in Civil and Architectural Engineering 14, no. 27 (2023): 171–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.13167/2023.27.12.

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Water contamination is the greatest hazard to public health. Addressing water scarcity and protecting accessible water sources necessitates the effective treatment of wastewater. This makes the use of sustainable solutions such as constructed wetlands (CWs) essential. CWs leverage natural processes involving wetland vegetation, soils, and microbial communities. This study evaluates the efficiency of a horizontal sub-surface flow CW, established with local plants at Hudiara drain, in removing pollutants such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Turbidity, Nitrates, Phosphates, and pH, across dif

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Leng, Chunpeng, Yonggang Yuan, Zhiyu Zhang, Qiushi Shi, Fuping Li, and Hao Wang. "Decomposition of Phosphorus Pollution and Microorganism Analysis Using Novel CW-MFCs under Different Influence Factors." Molecules 28, no. 5 (2023): 2124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052124.

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A constructed wetland (CW)-coupled microbial fuel cell (MFC) system was constructed to treat wastewater and generate electricity. The total phosphorus in the simulated domestic sewage was used as the treatment target, and the optimal phosphorus removal effect and electricity generation were determined by comparing the changes in substrates, hydraulic retention times, and microorganisms. The mechanism underlying phosphorus removal was also analyzed. By using magnesia and garnet as substrates, the best removal efficiencies of two CW-MFC systems reached 80.3% and 92.4%. Phosphorus removal by the

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