Journal articles: 'Construction des routes'

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Czégé, Levente, Attila Vámosi, and Imre Kocsis. "Review on Construction Procedures of Driving Cycles." International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences 5, no. 2 (April 15, 2020): 266–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21791/ijems.2020.2.31.

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The goal of this paper is to give an overview of the literature of construction techniques of driving cycles. Our motivation for the overview is the future goal of constructing our own driving cycles for various types of vehicles and routes. This activity is part of a larger project focusing on determination of fuel and energy consumption by dynamic simulation of vehicles. Accordingly, the papers dealing with sample route determination, data collection and processing, driving cycle construction procedures, statistical evaluation of data are in our focus.

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Fujita, Hideyuki, Shota Sagara, Tadashi Ohmori, and Takahiko Shintani. "Route Network Construction with Location-Direction-Enabled Photographs." Proceedings of the ICA 1 (May 16, 2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-1-40-2018.

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We propose a method for constructing a geometric graph for generating routes that summarize a geographical area and also have visual continuity by using a set of location-direction-enabled photographs. A location- direction-enabled photograph is a photograph that has information about the location (position of the camera at the time of shooting) and the direction (direction of the camera at the time of shooting). Each nodes of the graph corresponds to a location-direction-enabled photograph. The location of each node is the location of the corresponding photograph, and a route on the graph corresponds to a route in the geographic area and a sequence of photographs. The proposed graph is constructed to represent characteristic spots and paths linking the spots, and it is assumed to be a kind of a spatial summarization of the area with the photographs. Therefore, we call the routes on the graph as spatial summary route. Each route on the proposed graph also has a visual continuity, which means that we can understand the spatial relationship among the continuous photographs on the route such as moving forward, backward, turning right, etc. In this study, when the changes in the shooting position and shooting direction satisfied a given threshold, the route was defined to have visual continuity. By presenting the photographs in order along the generated route, information can be presented sequentially, while maintaining visual continuity to a great extent.

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Саранча, Михаил, and Mikhail Sarancha. "ON THE ISSUES OF THE GEOGRAPHIC LOGIC IN DESIGNING TOURIST ROUTES." Service & Tourism: Current Challenges 11, no. 3 (September 4, 2017): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22412/1995-0411-2017-11-3-25-31.

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One of the key issues in the designing tourist routes is the geographical logic of their construction. Its correct study essentially determines the success and quality of the operation of both the route itself and the travels along it. However, these problems in modern practice gets insufficient attention. And its solution is in the use of a limited set of templates, often not satisfying the goal-setting. The article presents the results of developing a series of basic types of geographical logics of building tourist routes, which became the purpose of the study. Modeling, comparative and abstraction are the main research methods. The author uses systematic, integrated, geographic and situational approaches. With the aim of integrating the properties of tourist routes and programs at the initial stage of the research the author has developed their basic properties, grouped into 13 blocks and presented in the form of a scheme. The article present the results of studying domestic and foreign experience in designing and organizing tourist routes from the positions of geographical logics of their construction and configuration. The author shows the 10 basic types of geographic logics for constructing tourist routes in the form of schemes and descriptions with examples: visits, stringing, crossing, trail, rounding, direction, non-attendance, free-situational, avoidance, camps, research / expeditions. It is shown that in practice this types are mixed.

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Tookey, John E., Michael Murray, Cliff Hardcastle, and David Langford. "Construction procurement routes: re-defining the contours of construction procurement." Engineering Construction and Architectural Management 8, no. 1 (January 2001): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-232x.2001.00174.x.

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TOOKEY, JOHN E., MICHAEL MURRAY, CLIFF HARDCASTLE, and DAVID LANGFORD. "Construction procurement routes: re‐defining the contours of construction procurement." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 8, no. 1 (January 2001): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb021167.

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Podolskaia, Ekaterina. "Automated construction of ground access routes for the management of regional forest fires." Journal of Forest Science 66, No. 8 (August 21, 2020): 329–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/59/2020-jfs.

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Modern geospatial technologies and permanently updated wildfire monitoring datasets are the basis of improving forest firefighting on different administrative scales. One of the tasks is to use the spatial representation of forest fire locations during the fire season and offer timely suitable technical options for accessing them. We developed a GIS technology to create forest fire ground access routes for special firefighting vehicles moving from a ground firefighting base (fire-chemical station) to the place of the forest fire detection; the technology includes a statistical and geospatial accessibility analysis of the routes. The key data are a transport model consisting of public roads and forest glades on the regional scale. We described the main principles of the transport model construction and usage, and their implementation for the Russian Federal Districts. An access routes database for the 2002–2019 fire seasons, a central part of the Siberian Federal District, was produced and analysed. By using a hot spot analysis, we confirmed that forest fires are poorly accessible away from the centre of the Siberian District. The created road accessibility maps show “a proposed ground access zone” within the key area to fight forest fires for the fire seasons to come.

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Ivanova, Lubov, Andrey Kurkin, and Sergei Ivanov. "Methods for optimizing routes in digital logistics." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 02015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125802015.

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The current problem of digital logistics is investigated - the calculation of optimal routes for freight transportation by computer means to reduce time and distance. Heuristic methods used in logistics for constructing optimal routes are considered. A comparative analysis of ten methods for solving the optimization problem of the “nondeterministic polynomial time” complexity class traveling salesman is carried out. The study performs a comparative analysis of the following methods: “convex hull, cheapest insertion and angle selection”, “greedy”, “greedy-cycle”, “integer-linear-programming”, “or-opt”, “or-zweig”, “remove crossings”, “space filling curve”, “simulated annealing”, “two-opt”. A computational experiment is performed, on the basis of which the accuracy and computational complexity of the considered methods are estimated. The results of the computational experiment show the construction of the optimal route by the “integer-linear-programming” method and the highest computation speed for the “greedy” method. Application of the “integer-linear-programming” method in logistics is the most accurate at the optimal time for calculating efficient routes of freight traffic.

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Yudin, Alexandr V., Artem N. Stratienko, Mukhriddin M. Madumarov, and Margaryta A. Myrnenko. "Construction of routes in augmented reality using GIS technologies." RUDN Journal of Engineering Researches 21, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8143-2020-21-3-189-196.

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At present, one of the promising directions of development in the field of information technologies is augmented reality, which offers access to real-world data through the device's camera using an interactive data display approach. Augmented reality is widely applied in various areas of life: beginning from game applications, finishing with professional applications for briefing, training for personnel in a manufacturing sector, heavy mechanical engineering and the high-tech sector, thereby providing an opportunity to use virtual instructions for implementation of the qualified operations. Also, the main way to apply augmented reality is location service - the possibility to track the position of objects on the geographic information map in real time. The article discusses ways of constructing routes in augmented reality on the field of location service data and explores the peculiarities of application. Problems identified when applying the above method are analyzed. An example of route construction is given on the map with reference to location service data and on the stage of augmented reality with calculated coordinates of route points. Methods of converting geographical coordinates into coordinates of augmented reality scene are presented.

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Antonio, Rosimeire Ribeiro, Angelo Antonio Agostinho, Fernando Mayer Pelicice, Dayani Bailly, Edson Kioshi Okada, and João Henrique Pinheiro Dias. "Blockage of migration routes by dam construction: can migratory fish find alternative routes?" Neotropical Ichthyology 5, no. 2 (2007): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252007000200012.

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The present study explored the interaction between the upriver migration of fish and the blockage of their migration routes by dam construction. Specifically, we studied (i) the capacity of migratory fish to locate alternative routes in the presence of an obstacle, and (ii) the behavior of the fish after they were artificially transferred to the reservoir. With the use of the mark-recapture technique (tagging), the study was carried out near Porto Primavera Dam (UHE Engenheiro Sérgio Motta) between 1994 and 1999, a period prior to the closure of the floodgates and the installation and operation of the fish pass facilities. The fish were caught in the dam forebay downstream, marked with LEA type tags, and released upstream (5113 individuals; 14 species) and downstream (1491; 12) from the dam. The recaptures were carried out by local professional and amateur fishermen. A total of 188 individuals (2.8%) were recaptured, mostly the curimba Prochilodus lineatus. Nearly half of the recaptures downstream occurred in tributaries, especially in the Paranapanema River, indicating that in the presence of an obstacle the fish are able to locate alternative migration routes. The remainder stayed in the main channel of the Paraná River, at a mean distance of less than 50 km from the release point. Of the fish released upriver from the dam, approximately half were recaptured downriver. Although the river was only partly dammed, the movement of the fish downriver suggests that they became disoriented after being transferred. Those that remained upriver avoided the reservoir and moved, rather rapidly, toward the lotic stretches farther upstream. From these results it is clear that, in the course of the decision process in installing fish passes, it is necessary to take into account the existence of spawning and nursery areas downriver and upriver from the reservoir.

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Shichkina, Yulia, and Alexander Koblov. "Reducing the Amount of Data for Creating Routes in a Dynamic DTN via Wi-Fi on the Basis of Static Data." Journal of Computer Networks and Communications 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9128785.

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This article presents the results of research on the acceleration of data processing in the construction routing in dynamic DTN, realized through the devices established in moving objects and connected by means of Wi-Fi. The routes are constructed based on the prehistory of the movement of objects, which is stored in the database in the csv format. This database has a large volume and contains unnecessary and incorrect information. The article shows the possibility of speeding up the process of constructing routes using data precleaning. Reducing data volume is proposed by constructing an enlarged grid on the object movement map. This article also demonstrates the use of fuzzy logic and graph theory for constructing routes.

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Tarasov, P. I., M. L. Khazin, and V. М. Georgiev. "An Option to Complete BELKOMUR Railway Construction." Mining Industry (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 5/2020 (October 20, 2020): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2020-5-86-90.

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Research objective: analysis of options to complete BELKOMUR railway construction. Research methodology: analysis of directions for construction of the main transport routes that would enable comprehensive development of the North of the European part and the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Results: The meridian direction, i.e. the North-South Corridor, plays a crucial role in the development of the North of the European part and the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Using this route for transporting international transit cargo through the territory of Russia ensures a significant reduction in delivery time from European countries to countries in the Asian-Pacific Region, the Indian Ocean and the Persian Gulf regions, and completely changes the logistics. Having the construction materials relatively nearby is an advantage for building any transport highway. The huge volumes of accumulated waste rock, tailings and slags are creating serious economic and environmental problems in mining regions. The rocks in these dumps have been stored for quite a long time, so the dump is a consolidated rock massif made up of various lump sizes. Therefore, this rock can be used as a construction material for transport routes. Conclusions: This approach will make it possible to both address environmental challenges and organise large-scale production of comparatively cheap crushed stone from large-capacity sources of raw materials.

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Eadie, Robert, Clare McKeown, and Ken Anderson. "The impact of recession on construction procurement routes." International Journal of Procurement Management 6, no. 1 (2013): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijpm.2013.050608.

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Munro, Rolland. "Unfolding Social Construction: Sociological Routes and Political Roots." Sociological Review 58, no. 2_suppl (December 2010): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954x.2011.01974.x.

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Lædre, Ola, Kjell Austeng, Tore I. Haugen, and Ole Jonny Klakegg. "Procurement Routes in Public Building and Construction Projects." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 132, no. 7 (July 2006): 689–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9364(2006)132:7(689).

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Oyegoke, Adekunle S., Michael Dickinson, Malik M. A. Khalfan, Peter McDermott, and Steve Rowlinson. "Construction project procurement routes: an in‐depth critique." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 2, no. 3 (June 19, 2009): 338–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17538370910971018.

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Politsinskaya, Ekaterina, Vladislav G. Lizunkov, and Olga Ergunova. "Organization of Student Project Based Activities through Individual Learning Routes." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 14, no. 11 (June 14, 2019): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v14i11.10312.

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The article deals with the organization of project training within the university education through the construction of individual educational routes. The authors believe that the value orientationsand the motivationsystem are not only interrelated, but also mutually influence each other, which confirms the need to study value orientations when building an individual route. Based on the Milton Rokich questionnaire, the authors identify three groups of students based on their value orientations. The stages of building individual educational routes are also presented.

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Zhang, Xiaochuan, Jinwu Kang, Yiming Rong, Pengyue Wu, and Tao Feng. "Effect of Scanning Routes on the Stress and Deformation of Overhang Structures Fabricated by SLM." Materials 12, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12010047.

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Selective laser melting (SLM) is a promising manufacturing method for the construction of complicated precision parts. However, deformation of the overhang during the fabrication process and post treatment is still a common problem. In this paper, the effect of the scanning route on the residual stress and deformation of fabricated AlSi10Mg overhang specimens by SLM was investigated. Different scanning routes for the overhang including longitudinal direction, transverse direction, and the alternation between these two scanning routes in consecutive layers were studied by experiments within this study. Numerical simulation was utilized to measure the stress of the specimens while deformation prediction was used for the different scanning routes. Both the experimental and simulated results showed that the scanning route had a substantial influence on the residual stress and deformation of the specimens. The longitudinal scanning resulted in significant upward bending deformation of the overhang as it was cut from the baseplate. However, there was less deformation for the overhangs fabricated by transverse and alternating scanning routes. A transverse scanning route is helpful for the reduction of residual stress in the longitudinal direction and the corresponding deformation.

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Braier, Gustavo, Guillermo Durán, Javier Marenco, and Francisco Wesner. "An integer programming approach to a real-world recyclable waste collection problem in Argentina." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 35, no. 5 (February 1, 2017): 525–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x16688776.

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This article reports on the use of mathematical programming techniques to optimise the routes of a recyclable waste collection system servicing Morón, a large municipality outside Buenos Aires, Argentina. The truck routing problem posed by the system is a particular case of the generalised directed open rural postman problem. An integer programming model is developed with a solving procedure built around a subtour-merging algorithm and the addition of subtour elimination constraints. The route solutions generated by the proposed methodology perform significantly better than the previously used, manually designed routes, the main improvement being that coverage of blocks within the municipality with the model solutions is 100% by construction, whereas with the manual routes as much as 16% of the blocks went unserviced. The model-generated routes were adopted by the municipality in 2014 and the national government is planning to introduce the methodology elsewhere in the country.

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Rock, Amy E., Amanda Mullett, Saad Algharib, Jared Schaffer, and Jay Lee. "Impact of Spatial Filtering on the Least Cost Path Method." International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research 1, no. 4 (October 2010): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jagr.2010100103.

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In the face of renewed interest in High-Speed Rail (HSR) projects, Ohio is one of several states seeking federal funding to relieve pressure on aging, overburdened highway infrastructure by constructing passenger rail routes between major cities. This paper evaluates the creation of a new rail route in Ohio’s 3-C Corridor utilizing GIS. The authors consider two primary cost factors in construction, slope and land cover, to generate alternative least-cost paths. To assess the importance of the cost factors, two separate paths are created using two different weighting methods for the land cover layer. The land cover is weighted first by difficulty of construction, and second by relative acquisition costs. These two paths are then compared against a path selected by the Ohio Hub Project which uses existing track lines, advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed.

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Plaku, Evis, Erion Plaku, and Patricio Simari. "Clearance-driven motion planning for mobile robots with differential constraints." Robotica 36, no. 7 (February 27, 2018): 971–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574718000164.

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SUMMARYThis paper presents an approach that integrates the geometric notion of clearance (distance to the closest obstacle) into sampling-based motion planning to enable a robot to safely navigate in challenging environments. To reach the goal destination, the robot must obey geometric and differential constraints that arise from the underlying motion dynamics and the characteristics of the environment. To produce safe paths, the proposed approach expands a motion tree of collision-free and dynamically feasible motions while maintaining locally maximal clearance. In distinction from related work, rather than explicitly constructing the medial axis, the proposed approach imposes a grid or a triangular tessellation over the free space and uses the clearance information to construct a weighted graph where edges that connect regions with low clearance have high cost. Minimum-cost paths over this graph produce high-clearance routes that tend to follow the medial axis without requiring its explicit construction. A key aspect of the proposed approach is a route-following component which efficiently expands the motion tree to closely follow such high-clearance routes. When expansion along the current route becomes difficult, edges in the tessellation are penalized in order to promote motion-tree expansions along alternative high-clearance routes to the goal. Experiments using vehicle models with second-order dynamics demonstrate that the robot is able to successfully navigate in complex environments. Comparisons to the state-of-the-art show computational speedups of one or more orders of magnitude.

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Yuan, Yun, Lin Shen Wang, and Gang Liu. "Analysis on the Approach Route of Overall Planning from the Visual Angle of “Figure-Ground Relation”." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 2447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.2447.

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The approach route for formulating overall planning could be analyzed by means of the theory of “Figure-Ground Relation” belonging to iconology. From old Measures to new Measures, the approach routes have been changed to “ground-figure” from “figure-ground”, namely, former “construction” first and “protection” secondary is changed to “protection” first and “construction” secondary, and the planning of “city” primary and “countryside” secondary is changed to overall planning for “city” and “countryside”. Attaching importance to the approach routes for formulating overall planning of “Figure-Ground Relation” makes up the controlled thinking tradition, which is one of two great thinking traditions for city planning, as well as a deficiency of overall planning formulation all the time in our country, so as to promote self-examination on overall planning based on garden city theory standing for modern city planning, accordingly make the measures for formulating overall planning regressed to value harmonious relationship of city and countryside.

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Li, Yanjun, and Minglan Ge. "Analysis on the General Conception and Planning of the Road Trip Campsite along the Land Silk Road in China." E3S Web of Conferences 283 (2021): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128302008.

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This article is based on the cultural background of the land section of the "Silk Road" and the surrounding status quo research basis, combined with its own characteristics of tourism resources, folk culture and traffic conditions, establish a self-driving camping site system in the five provinces of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai and New Zealand on the domestic section of the "Silk Road". This paper summarizes the current situation and constraints of campsites in each province through data collection, data analysis and field investigation. On this basis, we put forward the overall construction and planning ideas of the camp. The purpose is to scientifically, reasonably and orderly plan the construction scheme of road trip routes, camping sites and campsites along the Silk Road.This will further promote the healthy development of tourism and cultural experience in the areas along the Silk Road, provide convenient and safe travel routes and recreation environment for tourists, but also improve the economy and people's living standards in the areas along the route.

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Villard, Marc-André, Marc J. Mazerolle, and Samuel Haché. "L’impact des routes, au-delà des collisions : le cas des oiseaux forestiers et des amphibiens." Le Naturaliste canadien 136, no. 2 (May 11, 2012): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1009108ar.

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Bien que plus difficiles à quantifier, les effets indirects des routes sur la faune devraient être considérés au même titre que la mortalité routière, car certaines espèces évitent les abords des routes au moins durant une partie de l’année, ce qui peut mener à une fragmentation plus ou moins permanente de leurs populations. D’autre part, on observe chez plusieurs espèces un effet de bordure suivant lequel les abords des routes constituent un habitat de qualité marginale en raison du bruit, des substances et particules projetées par le passage des véhicules, des substances utilisées pour l’entretien routier (p. ex. sels de déglaçage) ou d’autres facteurs. Les oiseaux forestiers étudiés s’avèrent sensibles à la présence de routes à circulation intense, probablement en raison de la pollution sonore, alors qu’une espèce étudiée s’est avérée relativement tolérante à la construction d’une route de gravier. Quant aux amphibiens, les juvéniles en dispersion de 3 des 5 espèces étudiées semblaient éviter la traversée de routes pavées. Les gestionnaires de l’environnement devraient planifier l’aménagement des réseaux routiers dans la perspective du paysage afin d’éviter de dégrader ou de fragmenter les habitats critiques et de créer des barrières pour les mouvements saisonniers des espèces sensibles.

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Edwards, Peter G., Mary F. Mahon, Paul D. Newman, Elisenda Reixach, and Wenjian Zhang. "Manganese(i) templates for the construction of benzannulated triphosphamacrocycles." Dalton Trans. 43, no. 41 (2014): 15646–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4dt02203c.

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Li, Da Chuan, Nong Cheng, Peng Cheng, and Jing Yan Song. "Design and Development of an Integrated Flight Planning and Rehearsal System Based on GIS and Navigation Database." Applied Mechanics and Materials 232 (November 2012): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.232.169.

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In modern civil aviation operations, the effective performance of pre-flight flight planning is the key of a safe flight, and the changing air traffic environment often requires modifying the pre-determined flight plan or even en route re-planning. This paper proposes an integrated system framework for the construction, re-planning, rehearsal and evaluation of computerized flight plans (CFP): the flight plan management and rehearsal system (FMRS). It provides interactive, graphic user interface - based ways of constructing flight routes using the navigation database and geographic information system (GIS), and the CFP parameters can be calculated automatically based on real performance data of various types of aircrafts. Simulation models of aircraft dynamics and airborne subsystems including the automatic flight control, navigation sensors and cockpit instruments are also integrated to support the rehearsal and evaluation of flight plans, and assist in analyzing en-route re-planning operations. All subsystems and components are integrated into an overall platform which is based on an inter-communication architecture and can be implemented on either centralized or distributed simulation platforms. Simulation and system evaluation results obtained from actual commercial flight routes demonstrate that the proposed system can effectively facilitate the preparation and evaluation of CFPs, and support the CFP re-planning decision-making process and operations.

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Suzuki, Katsuhiko, Takashi Fujii, Ken-ichi Sato, and Hironobu Hashimoto. "Two efficient routes for construction of amidine-linked pseudo-disaccharide." Tetrahedron Letters 37, no. 33 (August 1996): 5921–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-4039(96)01277-4.

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Kato, Tadahiro, Toshifumi Hirukawa, Takaaki Suzuki, Masaharu Tanaka, Masahiro Hoshikawa, Makoto Yagi, Motoyuki Tanaka, Shin-suke Takagi, and Naoko Saito. "Construction of Trinervitane and Kempane Skeletons Based on Biogenetical Routes." Helvetica Chimica Acta 84, no. 1 (January 31, 2001): 47–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1522-2675(20010131)84:1<47::aid-hlca47>3.0.co;2-9.

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Payne, Katherine Carl, and Moshe Dror. "Construction of a topographical road graph for bicycle tour routes." Sports Technology 8, no. 1-2 (April 3, 2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19346182.2015.1063642.

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Mohamed, Khalid, Suleiman Ali, Soilahoudini Ali, and Ilyas Kassim. "Performance Evaluation of RPL Routes and DODAG Construction for IoTs." International Journal for Digital Society 12, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 1661–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20533/ijds.2040.2570.2021.0207.

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Ceder, Avishai, Oneximo Gonzalez, and Hugo Gonzalez. "Design of Bus Routes: Methodology and the Santo Domingo Case." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1791, no. 1 (January 2002): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1791-06.

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Growing traffic congestion, the importance of preserving the environment, and the problems of road safety are the main reasons to consider new initiatives worldwide in designing new urban transit routes. A need exists to develop a practical methodology for the construction of a new or improved network of bus routes along with intermodality considerations. An approach for the design of urban bus routes is presented with an example of designing new bus routes for the city of Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic. Santo Domingo has major congestion, environmental, and safety problems. The presented approach involves a framework for the construction of operational objective functions for the bus-network-design problem. This framework takes into account passenger, operator, and community interests. The methodology combines the philosophy of mathematical programming approaches with decisionmaking techniques, so as to allow the user to select from a number of alternatives. The overall formulation is nonlinear and mixed-integer programming. The bus-network-design formulation used in the case study of Santo Domingo, a city with 3 million inhabitants, involved a large network of feasible bus routes subjected to the proposed method and resulted in 84 new bus routes. With other accompanied measures, the new bus routes will change the bus system image in Santo Domingo.

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Widi Astuti, Septiana, Muhammad Adib Kurniawan, and Adya Aghastya. "SELECTING MADIUN–DOLOPO TRACE ROUTE WITH THE FUZZY AHP (ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS) METHOD." Architecture and Engineering 6, no. 2 (2021): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/2500-0055-2021-6-2-63-69.

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Introduction: The National Railway Master Plan (RIPNAS), dated 2018, mentions that the railway network size and railway service capacity for using trains as the main means of transportation can be increased by reactivating non-operational routes and improving the condition of the existing routes. Methods: In our study, we propose the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) method to determine the best option for the reactivated Madiun–Dopolo trace route in East Java, Indonesia. The data obtained were derived from questionnaires filled in by experts in the field. The model used six main criteria: land use, technical aspects, transportation node integration, social insecurity, disaster factors, and funding. Result and Discussion: The analysis reveals that the predominant route selection criterion chosen by the respondents was the Land Use (with a score of 0.25). The least significant Madiun–Dopolo route selection criterion was the Disaster Factors (0.07). Based on the results of weighting the criteria and aggregating the respondent alternatives, the trace route most commonly chosen by the respondents was the Alternative Trace Route (Trace Route 2), with a score of 0.698, while the Existing Trace Route (Trace Route 1) had a score of 0.302. The Alternative Trace Route is longer than the Existing Trace Route, but it will mostly pass through farming regions, which is assumed to create less social conflicts than in the case of Trace Route 1. This also automatically means that Trace Route 2 will need fewer funds in land acquisition.

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Luo, Shirui, Ruosong Chen, Lan Xiang, and Jing Wang. "Hydrothermal Synthesis of (001) Facet Highly Exposed ZnO Plates: A New Insight into the Effect of Citrate." Crystals 9, no. 11 (October 24, 2019): 552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9110552.

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In this work, two synthesis routes were applied to investigate the effect of citrates on the construction of the ZnO structure. Well-dispersed ZnO plates with (001) facet highly exposed were prepared via one-step hydrothermal route, while ZnO nanoparticles were obtained via two-step route. In one-step route, citrates were added before the formation of Zn(OH)2 precursor, while citrates were added after the formation of Zn(OH)2. For the first time, the interaction between citrates and the Zn(OH)2 precursor was investigated and citrates that participated in the formation of Zn(OH)2 were the main cause for (001) facet exposed structure construction. A growth mechanism about the formation of ZnO plates in the presence of citrates was proposed. The as-prepared ZnO plates showed enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue (MB).

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Maji, Avijit, and Manoj K. Jha. "Highway Alignment Optimization Using Cost-Benefit Analysis Under User Equilibrium." International Journal of Operations Research and Information Systems 2, no. 4 (October 2011): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/joris.2011100102.

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Usually, selection of a highway alignment depends on an economical route that minimizes alignment sensitive costs, such as construction cost, user cost, right-of-way cost, and earthwork cost. Most of the available highway alignment optimization algorithms do not consider traffic assignment and distribution of traffic as a result of the new road network consisting of the new alignment as well as other pre-existing alignments. Constructing a new highway will ease the traffic in the existing road network. Based on Wardrop’s principle, the users will choose a route that will minimize their travel-time. Users will unilaterally shift to the available routes for their benefit and thus, traffic flow will attain equilibrium. Theoretically, the equilibrium of traffic flow between the existing highway and the newly designed highway alternative can be achieved by a user equilibrium model. A new methodology is developed in this paper to optimize a new three-dimensional highway alignment based on the existing highway alignment system information using a cost-benefit analysis approach. The results are quite promising for new road design and bypass construction since benefit maximization and cost minimization is performed simultaneously while attaining user equilibrium.

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Shinkarenko, Vladimir, Sergii Nezdoyminov, Svetlana Galasyuk, and Larysa Shynkarenko. "Optimization of the tourist route by solving the problem of a salesman." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 29, no. 3 (October 11, 2020): 572–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112052.

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The article is devoted to the problem of constructing the optimal transport route of a bus excursion tour of a tour operator according to the minimal length criterion. Transportation expenses are an important part of a bus tour cost, and their minimization is a required condition for route development and planning. To solve this problem, the authors used the tour route calculating method as a kind of transport task, namely the task of the salesman. To solve this problem, one of the varieties of the transport problem, namely the salesman traveling problem, is applied. The essence of the traveling salesman problem is to find the shortest route between cities, if the distances between them are known. The beginning of the route and its end coincide, that is, the route is cyclic. The most popular in Ukraine sightseeing tours of tour operators to the Transcarpathian region are taken for the optimization. A mathematical model of the traveling salesman problem is made to construct an optimal transport route. The solution was found using the Microsoft Excel’s Solver add-in application program package. To solve the problem by this method, it was reduced to a special form and additional variables were introduced. The analysis helped the tour operator to check the existing sightseeing bus routes by the minimal length criterion. The results allowed making assumptions about the need to change some popular routes of Ukrainian tour operators in order to reduce transport costs. The method of bus tours evaluation of tour operators according to the minimal length criterion allows to check the tourist transportation optimality while planning the route and developing their own tourist product. The introduction of modern digital technologies and software to optimize the territorial organization of tourist routes is proposed, which will help tour operators of Ukraine in the design of bus tourist trips to nature and recreational locations in tourist regions. The development of an optimal model for the transportation of tourists on the highways and the reduction of their costs for consumption of transport services will contribute to the development of tourist trips in Ukraine. The necessity of using methods of geolocation of tourist resources for the construction of routes for visiting natural and cultural-historical monuments and tourist centers has been determined. The application of the proposed method will allow tour operators to reduce transport costs and, as a consequence, the total cost of the tourist product.

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Adamenko, Mykola, and Svitlana Miroshnichenko. "SYSTEM-ALGORITHMIC APPROACH TO PLANNING ROUTES OF RESEARCH OF ECOTURISM OBJECTS AND LOCAL MONUMENTS OF KHARKIV REGION." Technogenic and Ecological Safety, no. 9(1/2021) (April 21, 2021): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.52363/2522-1892.2021.1.7.

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The article highlights the opportunities for the development of local lore and ecological tourism in the Kharkiv region. A brief description of the most significant historical and cultural monuments and objects of ecological tourism in the region is considered and given. Proposals for system planning and route selection algorithms are offered. The conditions for the construction of ecotourism routes have been determined. The structure of the system of selection of objects for inclusion in the plan of the ecotourism route is defined and presented in a graphic form. An algorithm for planning a tourist trip on an ecotourism route has been developed.

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Pushpakumara, T. D. C. "A Method of Finding the Best Route and Shortest Route to a Ready Mixed Concrete Plant Through Real Time Tracking System by using GIS and GPS." International Journal of Advanced Remote Sensing and GIS 10, no. 1 (June 11, 2021): 3449–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.23953/cloud.ijarsg.499.

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The delay in transportation of ready mix concrete has become a common issue in civil engineering construction industry which wasted millions of rupees. This report is prepared as a part of the research conducted on developing a GIS based tracking system for truck mixers and a system to find the best route in transporting ready mixed concrete. Furthermore, it focuses on determining (VRP) feature in network analysis extension in ArcGIS. A shape files of road network in Colombo area was created using an open street map. The road network was mapped on the open street map shadflies using polylines. For this research, batching plant established in Colombo 14 and three construction sites in Kollupitiya and union place were considered. Relevant coordinates for both batching plant and the construction sites were imported to the map. Before caring out the final simulation, various constraints were assigned to ready mixed plants as well as for the routes such as one way restrictions etc. The traffic flow of the specific routes has been observed in two time frames such as normal peak hours (07:00 hrs. to 20:00hrs) and off peak hrs (20:00hrs to 7:00hrs). The main objective of this research is to developed an optimum delivery plan for truck mixers by using Arc GIS software and provide a guideline to develop this concept to be used in a much larger scale for beneficial of construction industry Keywords ArcGIS; ready mixed concrete; tracking system; Network planning

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Liu, Die, Zhilong Jiang, Ming Wang, Xiaoyu Yang, Haisheng Liu, Mingzhao Chen, Charles N. Moorefield, George R. Newkome, Xiaopeng Li, and Pingshan Wang. "3D helical and 2D rhomboidal supramolecules: stepwise self-assembly and dynamic transformation of terpyridine-based metallo-architectures." Chemical Communications 52, no. 63 (2016): 9773–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc04482d.

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Kreutzmann, Hermann. "The Karakoram Highway: The Impact of Road Construction on Mountain Societies." Modern Asian Studies 25, no. 4 (October 1991): 711–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00010817.

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The opening up of regions in the high mountains for motorized traffic has led world-wide to consequences concerning the penetration of these formerly remote areas.Not only have running-times and means of transport been reduced through the modern routes, but also radical developments in the mountains have been induced. In this context physio-geographical and socio-political frame conditions are of predominant importance for the installation of functional communication systems. Especially in the high mountain regions of Asia relief, snow-covers in passes, glacial movements, earthquakes, water level fluctuations of rivers at fords and limited possibilities of fuel, fodder and foodstuff supplies all restrict the chances for the development of major trade routes.

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Okřinová, Petra, and Ondřej Pilný. "Use of Engineering Methods in Assessment Ventilation of Protected Fire Escape Routes." Advances in Science and Technology 109 (August 24, 2021): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.109.67.

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The design of protected fire escape routes is a process in which a number of technical aspects that are set by Czech technical standards must be considered. The assessment of protected fire escape route's ventilated premises is subject to strict values, which when designed, or when created additionally, often force us to resort to specific measures, like a forced ventilation, enlargement of openings, which leads to expensive construction. This paper focuses on the use of so-called engineering methods to solve this problem, specifically the computational fluid dynamics method, which finds application in the revalidation of otherwise unmet ventilation criteria.

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Xi, Xue Song, Bo Xuan Gu, Ming Yin, and Xue Song Wang. "The Construction of Non-Motorized Transportation Network Based on Residents' Preference in Urban Central Area." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 1868–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.1868.

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To deal with the serious impact on urban traffic, society, ecological environment and energy system by the aggregated motorization in cities, both China and foreign countries have gradually come up with a series of policies and initiatives targeting at the non-motorized traffic by cyclists and pedestrians. Under such a background, the research studies four sub-districts of Tuanjie hu, Hujialou, Liulitun and Balizhuang at the central area of Chaoyang District, Beijing, and tries to find the interrelation between the preferences of non-motorized agents in densely populated urban central area and the construction of non-motorized transportation network. By discussing the non-motorized travel routes, road patterns and facility layout according to various needs of the target group, the research aims to deal with the construction of non-motorized transportation system in the densely populated central area in Beijing. Through questionnaire and interview, the research conducts an in-depth survey on residents travel purposes, behavioral regularities and users assessment for the current non-motorized routes, and acquires an understanding about their preferences on choice of roads due to different travel purposes, problems from using current non-motorized routes and thereby their preferred road patterns, and the preferred facility layout that meet local residents behavioral regularities. By simulating the optimization of two types of non-motorized routes for commute and recreation with the Cost Distance Module, the research constructs three types of non-motorized routes: comprehensive, commute and recreation, with a total length of 65.8km. The research also reconstructs the road patterns for urban expressway, major arterial, minor arterial and connector on the road section for commute and recreation, adding green belts and low road fence to segment non-motorized routes. Meanwhile, the research establishes a three-tier NMT facility service center system which incorporates bicycle service (ranging from bike renting, parking and maintenance to vehicle shift), NMT signs, informational signs, vendor booths, public bathrooms, benches, and trash bins. Thus an integral non-motorized traffic network at the urban central area of Beijing is built up.

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Bednarz, Jarosław. "Forecasting of the dynamic impacts from planned railway route on environment." AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 24, no. 6 (June 30, 2019): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2019.122.

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The paper presents the principles and methodology for analyzing the dynamic impacts from newly designed rail transport routes for high-speed rail. These type of interactions and, in particular, the nature of vibration propagation should be taken into account in any environ-mental opinion prepared for newly designed rail transport routes. The article presents the steps of assessment of dynamic impacts , which should be a basic methodology in the process of design and construction of rail transport routes.

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ΔΗΜΗΤΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, ΔΗΜΗΤΡΗΣ. "ΔΟΜΗΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΚΟΙΝΟΤΙΚΗ ΠΑΡΕΜΒΑΣΗ ΣΤΑ ΝΗΣΙΑ ΤΟΥ ΑΙΓΑΙΟΥ, 17ος-αρχές 19ου αι." Μνήμων 23 (January 1, 2001): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mnimon.705.

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<p>Dimitris Dimitropoulos, Construction et intervention communale dans lesîles de la Mer Egée, XVIle- début du XIXe siècle</p><p>Ce texte examine les différentes interventions des Communes par rapportaux règles de construction dans les localités de l'Egée, pendant la dominationottomane. Parallèlement, nous étudions les règles et les restrictionsen vigueur pour la construction des bâtiments de résidence etdes immeubles d'autre usage dans les limites des localités, ainsi que laréglementation relative à la gestion de l'espace agricole, des terres cultivableset des constructions des campagnes. De plus, certains sujets àexaminer sont aussi la construction et le maintien de la libre utilisationdes routes, les constructions en ce qui concerne l'écoulement des eaux,l'application de la «propriété horizontale», le droit des propriétairesd'avoir un libre accès à la vue et à la lumière du soleil, les actions desCommunes pour envisager les installations embarrassantes (dépôts, ateliers,moulins à vent), le voisinage et le processus de revendication desdroits des propriétaires. Nous tentons, en même temps, une approchesur les changements relatifs aux règles coutumières de construction, ainsique leur adaptation aux nouvelles circonstances qui se créent dansl'espace grec, au début du XIXe siècle.</p>

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Linden, Eeuwout van der. "Roots and Routes; Identity Construction and the Jewish-Christian-Muslim Dialogue." Exchange 40, no. 3 (2011): 293–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157254311x579668.

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Yi, Carine J., Roy S. Park, Osamu Murao, and Eiji Okamoto. "Emergency Management: Building an O-D Ranking Model Using GIS Network Analysis." Journal of Disaster Research 7, no. 6 (December 1, 2012): 793–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2012.p0793.

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Enormous natural disasters due to climate change are frequently observed all around the world. Unexpected catastrophes become a huge threat for community residents. Activating an evacuation order in a large-scale incident such as a wildfire depends on how information can be acquired in real time. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provide highly analyzed map products to decision makers. Under real wildfire circumstances, GIS map products are very effective materials that include collected and analyzed information and results visualized to enable interpretation of the situation in real time. The challenge of this study is the construction of an optimal route selection method using a GIS network for issuing evacuation-order decisions. The most effective evacuation routes were defined by networking analysis using 2007 San Diego wildfire datasets. The shortest evacuation routes were calculated between affected points and shelters and chosen automatically by an O-D (Origin - Destination) ranking model. Considerable roads and land features and other environmental factors when the closest facilities and routes are selected, selection criteria and approach methods can be suggested for future events. Using this model, accessible routes can be chosen any time and any place, even during an ongoing evacuation. Decision makers should therefore provide proper evacuation orders to rescue crews using this O-D ranking model.

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Park, Jae Woo, Gi Wook Cha, Won Hwa Hong, and Hyun Cheol Seo. "A Study on the Establishment of Demolition Waste DB System by BIM-Based Building Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 522-524 (February 2014): 806–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.522-524.806.

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Recently, BIM (Building Information Modeling) became mandatory in Korea, and BIM started to be implemented in construction area. It is a design tool for maximizing the efficiency of design, construction, and maintenance throughout the entire lifecycle, but there are not many studies about the demolition wastes (DW) in the demolition stage. This study gathered basic data concerning the development of a database of DW disposed in the demolition stage using BIM-based building material database. For this, a BIM software, ARCHICAD, and construction material categories of the item list system of the PPS (Public Procurement Service) were analyzed to select major building materials. Based on the analysis, the disposal routes were analyzed considering the characteristics of DW. The database of DW was developed by examining the disposal routes of 52 major construction materials selected according to the characteristics of each material during demolition and selecting 7 major DW.

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Uspeneva, Marina G., and Andrej M. Astapov. "APPLICATION OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF ENGINEERING AND GEODESIC WORKS FOR SURVEYING OF MAIN GAS PIPELINES." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 1, no. 1 (July 8, 2020): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2020-1-1-50-63.

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During the construction of oil and gas pipelines, a complex of engineering and geodetic works is necessary to ensure the geometric parameters of the designed routes during their laying. Therefore, the development of new methods for performing engineering and geodetic works for tracing linear structures using modern instruments is an urgent task. The purpose of this research is to analyze the modern methodology for the implementation of engineering and geodetic works for surveying and construction of the gas pipeline. The object of surveying is the route of the main gas pipeline «Aikhal-Udachny». The approbation of the methodology for performing engineering and geodetic works surveying for the «Aikhal-Udachny» gas pipeline was carried out and an analysis of the results was given.

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Luo, Guo Zhan, Cheng Gang Xi, and Jin Sheng Fu. "Highways Construction and Optimal and Intensive Land Use." Advanced Materials Research 599 (November 2012): 929–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.599.929.

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Highways play an important role in promoting social and economic development, but they also occupy large amounts of land. By selection and design of highway routes, selection of temporary land location and construction organization and design, land use can be optimized, the scale of highway construction development can meet the practical needs of economical and social development, the high efficiency and intensification of highway construction can be guaranteed and the sustainable development of the road construction can be promoted.

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Sarasa-Cabezuelo, Antonio. "The Use of Geolocation to Manage Passenger Mobility between Airports and Cities." Computers 9, no. 3 (September 11, 2020): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers9030073.

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A general problem in large cities is mobility. Every day, there are incidents (accidents, construction, or meteorological events) that increase the duration of the journeys in a city and exert negative effects on the lives of citizens. A particular case of this situation is communications with airports. Shuttles are a type of private transport service that operates in airports. The number of passengers carried by shuttles is small. Moreover, shuttles transport passengers to their final destinations and their prices are more competitive than those other private services. However, shuttle services have a limitation with respect to their routes due to the many different destinations of passengers. For this reason, it is important to be able to calculate the best route to optimize the journey. This work presents an Android application that implements a value-added service to plan the route of a shuttle and manage its service (passengers, journeys, routes, etc.). This application combines information from different sources, such as geolocation information from the shuttle driver’s mobile phone, information on the passengers, and results obtained from the service offered by MapBox to calculate the optimized route between several destinations.

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Liu, Tao, Xing Zhang, Huan Zhang, Nadeem Tahir, and Zhixiang Fang. "A Structure Landmark-Based Radio Signal Mapping Approach for Sustainable Indoor Localization." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 23, 2021): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031183.

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Low cost and high reproducible is a key issue for sustainable location-based services. Currently, Wi-Fi fingerprinting based indoor positioning technology has been widely used in various applications due to the advantage of existing wireless network infrastructures and high positioning accuracy. However, the collection and construction of signal radio map (a basis for Wi-Fi fingerprinting-based localization) is a labor-intensive and time-cost work, which limit their practical and sustainable use. In this study, an indoor signal mapping approach is proposed, which extracts fingerprints from unknown signal mapping routes to construct the radio map. This approach employs special indoor spatial structures (termed as structure landmarks) to estimate the location of fingerprints extracted from mapping routes. A learning-based classification model is designed to recognize the structure landmarks along a mapping route based on visual and inertial data. A landmark-based map matching algorithm is also developed to attach the recognized landmarks to a map and to recover the location of the mapping route without knowing its initial location. Experiment results showed that the accuracy of landmark recognition model is higher than 90%. The average matching accuracy and location error of signal mapping routes is 96% and 1.2 m, respectively. By using the constructed signal radio map, the indoor localization error of two algorithms can reach an accuracy of 1.6 m.

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Lin, Kuan-Cheng, Chuan-Neng Lin, and Josh Jia-Ching Ying. "Construction of Analytical Models for Driving Energy Consumption of Electric Buses through Machine Learning." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17 (September 2, 2020): 6088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10176088.

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In recent years, the Taiwan government has been calling for the use of public transportation and has been popularizing pollution-reducing green vehicles. Passenger transport operators are being encouraged to replace traditional buses with electric buses, to increase their use in urban transportation. Reduced energy consumption and operating costs are important operational benefits for passenger transport operators, and driving behavior has a significant impact on fuel consumption. Although many literatures or real-world systems have addressed the issues related to reducing energy consumption with electric buses, these works do not involve the records collected from an on-vehicle battery management system (BMS). Accordingly, the results of analyses of existing works lack in-depth discussions, and therefore the applicability of existing works is insignificant. Therefore, in this study, driving data were collected using a battery management system (BMS), and vehicular power consumption was classified according to energy efficiency. Then, decision trees and random forest were applied to construct energy consumption analytical models. Finally, the driving behaviors that influence energy consumption were investigated. A case study was conducted in which a Taichung passenger transport operator’s electric bus driving data on urban routes were collected to construct energy consumption analytical models. The data consisted of two parts, i.e., vehicle records and route records. On the basis of these records, we considered the practicability and applicability of the analytical models by transforming the unstructured records into raw data. Passenger transport operators and drivers can leverage the obtained eco-driving indicators for different bus routes for energy savings and carbon reduction.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Construction des routes'

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