Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Construction en béton armé – France'
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Delhumeau, Gwenaël. "Hennebique et la construction en béton armé, 1892-1914 : des brevets aux matériaux." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040184.
Full textSchenk, Thomas. "Le béton armé en France, 1889-1914 : expression architecturale d'un nouveau système technologique de construction." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24685/24685.pdf.
Full textAraujo, Ana Bela de. "Le Centre d'études nucléaires à Saclay : l'architecture-système d'Auguste Perret à l'épreuve de la science, 1948-1951." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010527.
Full textRaphael, Wassim. "Étude fiabiliste du fluage des structures en béton armé et précontraint." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ECAP0878.
Full textDa, Cunha José Celso. "Le cisaillement de voiles plans en béton armé." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985ECAP0008.
Full textOrengo, José Ramon. "Modélisation numérique des structures en béton armé." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1990. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529365.
Full textHeinfling, Grégory. "Contribution à la modélisation numérique du comportement du béton et des structures en béton armé sous sollicitations thermo-mécaniques à hautes températures." Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAL0002.
Full textThis work concerns the development of a numerical model for concrete under tire or nuclear accident conditions. Within the temperature range concerned (20°C-1200°C), the behavior of concrete is affected by the physical and chemical changes of its microstructure. Within the framework of an uncoupled thermo mechanical analysis, the phenomena that have to be accounted for are the temperature dependency of the thermal and mechanical properties of concrete as well as the dependency of the response of concrete on the combined thermal and mechanical loading history. A thermo plasticity based model is proposed for the compressive and the cracking behavior of concrete. The irreversible variations of the properties of concrete are introduced. A multisurface plasticity criterion which accounts for the increasing sensitivity of compressive strength to hydrostatic pressure is developed. The pathological mesh dependency of the numerical solution is partially solved with help of the Hillerborg method. A phenomenological model is used for the evaluation of the thermo mechanical interaction strains. Structures submitted to high temperatures are analyzed. The capability of the model to describe the load and temperature history dependency of the response is checked. The effects of different hypotheses concerning the evolution of the fracture energy of concrete are studied. The behavior of a nuclear power plant raft in accidental conditions is analyzed. The results emphasize the importance of the thermo mechanical interaction on the predicted behavior of the structures. A contribution to the analysis of the spalling of concrete at high temperatures is proposed. The concrete is modeled within the framework of the mechanics of porous media. The thermoplastic model is a pp lied to the analysis of the skeleton through the effective stress. A simplified method for the evaluation of pore pressures and Biot coefficient is proposed and the behavior of concrete specimens is analyzed
Nazé, Pierre-Alain. "Contribution à la prédiction du dommage des structures en béton armé sous sollicitations sismiques : proposition d'amélioration pour l'évaluation de la nocivité d'un signal et du dommage pour les structures à ossatures : introduction à l'analyse fiabiliste de l'endommagement en fonction de la nocivité d'un signal sismique." Lyon, INSA, 2004. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2004ISAL0078/these.pdf.
Full textSince prediction of earthquake still remains impossible, foreseeing structural damages due to seismic motion has become a key point in earthquake engineering. This work aims at evaluating the relevance of classical seismic signal damaging potential indices and at proposing improvement of these indices in order to provide better prediction of structural damage due to earthquake. The first part supplies a non exhaustive state of the art of main Damaging Potential Indices IP and Damage Indices ID used in earthquake engineering. In the second part, IP/ID correlations results are analysed in order to evaluate IP relevance, to justify displacement based approach use (capacity spectrum method) for damage prediction and to make good the proposal for improvement of Damaging Potential Index. But studding seismic signal damaging potential is usually not enough to foresee damage firstly because scalar representation of damaging potential is not easy to link to physics reality and secondly because of damage scattering often observed for a single value of seismic signal damaging potential. In the same way, a single damage index value may correspond to very different structural damage states. Hence, this work carries on with a contribution to damage index reliability improvement, able to detect real structural damage appearance as well as to quantify this damage by associating the distance between one structural sate and the structural collapse, defined as an instability
Fiset, Mathieu, and Mathieu Fiset. "Étude du comportement des éléments en béton armé post-renforcés à l'effort tranchant." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37919.
Full textLe comportement à l’effort tranchant des structures en béton armé est un sujet étudié depuis plus d’un siècle. Bien qu’aujourd’hui la compréhension du comportement de ces structures s’est considérablement améliorée, aucune théorie universellement acceptée ne permet de considérer l’ensemble des phénomènes régissant leur comportement à l’effort tranchant. L’étude réalisée dans cette thèse montre que ces théories sont insuffisantes pour prédire le comportement des structures post-renforcées à l’effort tranchant. Une meilleure compréhension des différents mécanismes de résistance à l’effort tranchant agissant dans ce type de structure est donc requise. Les méthodes de post-renforcement étudiées consistent à forer des ouvertures à l’intérieur d’une dalle épaisse afin d’y ancrer des barres de renforcement. Selon le type d’ancrage utilisé, les méthodes de post-renforcement peuvent se départager en deux catégories. Un renforcement est dit adhérent lorsque l’ancrage est assuré par un adhésif permettant de transférer l’effort le long des barres au béton. Un renforcement est dit non adhérent lorsque le transfert d’effort s’effectue uniquement à l’extrémité des barres, à l’endroit où un ancrage mécanique assure une butée entre les barres et le béton. L’étude des méthodes de post-renforcement a montré que celles-ci peuvent augmenter significativement la résistance des éléments postrenforcés. Or, le comportement des barres de post-renforcement affecte le comportement à l’effort tranchant et les mécanismes de résistance. Les théories actuelles permettant de prédire la résistance à l’effort tranchant s’appliquant aux structures renforcées d’étriers conventionnels ne peuvent être utilisées directement. L’objectif de cette thèse est donc de développer un modèle permettant d’évaluer le comportement et la résistance à l’effort tranchant des structures en béton armé post-renforcées. L’étude des membrures en béton post-renforcées de barres adhérentes fait l’objet de la première partie de cette thèse. En s’appuyant sur les essais expérimentaux réalisés antérieurement à l’Université Laval, des lois de comportement et des modèles numériques permettant d’analyser l’adhérence des barres collées ont été développés. En incluant ces lois comportementales dans des analyses non linéaires par éléments finis, la réponse et les mécanismes de résistance à l’effort tranchant ont été étudiés. Le développement d’outils mathématiques permettant d’évaluer le comportement de barres collées a permis de proposer une méthode de calcul de la résistance à l’effort tranchant. Cette méthode considère l’effet du comportement en adhérence sur la résistance à l’effort tranchant offerte par l’armature de cisaillement, Vs, et par le béton, Vc. Une quantité minimale d’armature de cisaillement ainsi que des critères d’espacement adaptés à ce type de renforcement adhérent ont également été proposés. Cette méthode a permis de mieux prédire la résistance des éléments post-renforcés de barres adhérentes. En deuxième partie de cette thèse, les mécanismes de résistance à l’effort tranchant des éléments en béton armé post-renforcés de barres non adhérentes ont été étudiés. Pour ce faire, le comportement expérimental des éléments testés a été examiné puis comparé aux résultats des analyses non linéaires par éléments finis. Bien que la norme S6-14 ne permet pas de prédire la résistance des éléments post-renforcés, le comportement et la résistance de ces structures ont pu être prédits adéquatement par des analyses par éléments finis. L’analyse des essais expérimentaux et des modèles éléments finis ont montré que l’effort tranchant repris par les barres transversales est directement proportionnel à l’ouverture des fissures, à la rigidité des ancrages et à la précontrainte verticale du post-renforcement. Un modèle est proposé afin d’évaluer l’effort reprit par ces barres en fonction de ces paramètres. Les analyses numériques par éléments finis montrent également que l’effort tranchant est essentiellement repris par les barres transversales non adhérentes, la bielle de compression directe agissant dans la zone de béton non fissurée et, dans une moindre proportion, par l’enchevêtrement des granulats .
Le comportement à l’effort tranchant des structures en béton armé est un sujet étudié depuis plus d’un siècle. Bien qu’aujourd’hui la compréhension du comportement de ces structures s’est considérablement améliorée, aucune théorie universellement acceptée ne permet de considérer l’ensemble des phénomènes régissant leur comportement à l’effort tranchant. L’étude réalisée dans cette thèse montre que ces théories sont insuffisantes pour prédire le comportement des structures post-renforcées à l’effort tranchant. Une meilleure compréhension des différents mécanismes de résistance à l’effort tranchant agissant dans ce type de structure est donc requise. Les méthodes de post-renforcement étudiées consistent à forer des ouvertures à l’intérieur d’une dalle épaisse afin d’y ancrer des barres de renforcement. Selon le type d’ancrage utilisé, les méthodes de post-renforcement peuvent se départager en deux catégories. Un renforcement est dit adhérent lorsque l’ancrage est assuré par un adhésif permettant de transférer l’effort le long des barres au béton. Un renforcement est dit non adhérent lorsque le transfert d’effort s’effectue uniquement à l’extrémité des barres, à l’endroit où un ancrage mécanique assure une butée entre les barres et le béton. L’étude des méthodes de post-renforcement a montré que celles-ci peuvent augmenter significativement la résistance des éléments postrenforcés. Or, le comportement des barres de post-renforcement affecte le comportement à l’effort tranchant et les mécanismes de résistance. Les théories actuelles permettant de prédire la résistance à l’effort tranchant s’appliquant aux structures renforcées d’étriers conventionnels ne peuvent être utilisées directement. L’objectif de cette thèse est donc de développer un modèle permettant d’évaluer le comportement et la résistance à l’effort tranchant des structures en béton armé post-renforcées. L’étude des membrures en béton post-renforcées de barres adhérentes fait l’objet de la première partie de cette thèse. En s’appuyant sur les essais expérimentaux réalisés antérieurement à l’Université Laval, des lois de comportement et des modèles numériques permettant d’analyser l’adhérence des barres collées ont été développés. En incluant ces lois comportementales dans des analyses non linéaires par éléments finis, la réponse et les mécanismes de résistance à l’effort tranchant ont été étudiés. Le développement d’outils mathématiques permettant d’évaluer le comportement de barres collées a permis de proposer une méthode iii de calcul de la résistance à l’effort tranchant. Cette méthode considère l’effet du comportement en adhérence sur la résistance à l’effort tranchant offerte par l’armature de cisaillement, Vs, et par le béton, Vc. Une quantité minimale d’armature de cisaillement ainsi que des critères d’espacement adaptés à ce type de renforcement adhérent ont également été proposés. Cette méthode a permis de mieux prédire la résistance des éléments post-renforcés de barres adhérentes. En deuxième partie de cette thèse, les mécanismes de résistance à l’effort tranchant des éléments en béton armé post-renforcés de barres non adhérentes ont été étudiés. Pour ce faire, le comportement expérimental des éléments testés a été examiné puis comparé aux résultats des analyses non linéaires par éléments finis. Bien que la norme S6-14 ne permet pas de prédire la résistance des éléments post-renforcés, le comportement et la résistance de ces structures ont pu être prédits adéquatement par des analyses par éléments finis. L’analyse des essais expérimentaux et des modèles éléments finis ont montré que l’effort tranchant repris par les barres transversales est directement proportionnel à l’ouverture des fissures, à la rigidité des ancrages et à la précontrainte verticale du post-renforcement. Un modèle est proposé afin d’évaluer l’effort reprit par ces barres en fonction de ces paramètres. Les analyses numériques par éléments finis montrent également que l’effort tranchant est essentiellement repris par les barres transversales non adhérentes, la bielle de compression directe agissant dans la zone de béton non fissurée et, dans une moindre proportion, par l’enchevêtrement des granulats.
Le comportement à l’effort tranchant des structures en béton armé est un sujet étudié depuis plus d’un siècle. Bien qu’aujourd’hui la compréhension du comportement de ces structures s’est considérablement améliorée, aucune théorie universellement acceptée ne permet de considérer l’ensemble des phénomènes régissant leur comportement à l’effort tranchant. L’étude réalisée dans cette thèse montre que ces théories sont insuffisantes pour prédire le comportement des structures post-renforcées à l’effort tranchant. Une meilleure compréhension des différents mécanismes de résistance à l’effort tranchant agissant dans ce type de structure est donc requise. Les méthodes de post-renforcement étudiées consistent à forer des ouvertures à l’intérieur d’une dalle épaisse afin d’y ancrer des barres de renforcement. Selon le type d’ancrage utilisé, les méthodes de post-renforcement peuvent se départager en deux catégories. Un renforcement est dit adhérent lorsque l’ancrage est assuré par un adhésif permettant de transférer l’effort le long des barres au béton. Un renforcement est dit non adhérent lorsque le transfert d’effort s’effectue uniquement à l’extrémité des barres, à l’endroit où un ancrage mécanique assure une butée entre les barres et le béton. L’étude des méthodes de post-renforcement a montré que celles-ci peuvent augmenter significativement la résistance des éléments postrenforcés. Or, le comportement des barres de post-renforcement affecte le comportement à l’effort tranchant et les mécanismes de résistance. Les théories actuelles permettant de prédire la résistance à l’effort tranchant s’appliquant aux structures renforcées d’étriers conventionnels ne peuvent être utilisées directement. L’objectif de cette thèse est donc de développer un modèle permettant d’évaluer le comportement et la résistance à l’effort tranchant des structures en béton armé post-renforcées. L’étude des membrures en béton post-renforcées de barres adhérentes fait l’objet de la première partie de cette thèse. En s’appuyant sur les essais expérimentaux réalisés antérieurement à l’Université Laval, des lois de comportement et des modèles numériques permettant d’analyser l’adhérence des barres collées ont été développés. En incluant ces lois comportementales dans des analyses non linéaires par éléments finis, la réponse et les mécanismes de résistance à l’effort tranchant ont été étudiés. Le développement d’outils mathématiques permettant d’évaluer le comportement de barres collées a permis de proposer une méthode iii de calcul de la résistance à l’effort tranchant. Cette méthode considère l’effet du comportement en adhérence sur la résistance à l’effort tranchant offerte par l’armature de cisaillement, Vs, et par le béton, Vc. Une quantité minimale d’armature de cisaillement ainsi que des critères d’espacement adaptés à ce type de renforcement adhérent ont également été proposés. Cette méthode a permis de mieux prédire la résistance des éléments post-renforcés de barres adhérentes. En deuxième partie de cette thèse, les mécanismes de résistance à l’effort tranchant des éléments en béton armé post-renforcés de barres non adhérentes ont été étudiés. Pour ce faire, le comportement expérimental des éléments testés a été examiné puis comparé aux résultats des analyses non linéaires par éléments finis. Bien que la norme S6-14 ne permet pas de prédire la résistance des éléments post-renforcés, le comportement et la résistance de ces structures ont pu être prédits adéquatement par des analyses par éléments finis. L’analyse des essais expérimentaux et des modèles éléments finis ont montré que l’effort tranchant repris par les barres transversales est directement proportionnel à l’ouverture des fissures, à la rigidité des ancrages et à la précontrainte verticale du post-renforcement. Un modèle est proposé afin d’évaluer l’effort reprit par ces barres en fonction de ces paramètres. Les analyses numériques par éléments finis montrent également que l’effort tranchant est essentiellement repris par les barres transversales non adhérentes, la bielle de compression directe agissant dans la zone de béton non fissurée et, dans une moindre proportion, par l’enchevêtrement des granulats.
Shear behavior of reinforced concrete structures has been studied for more than one century. Even if shear behavior is now better understood, a unique shear theory has not been commonly accepted yet. The study presented in this thesis shows that current theories cannot adequately predict the shear behavior of strengthened structures with post-installed reinforcement and a better understanding of shear is required for this type of members. The shear strengthening methods studied consist of adding drilled-in vertical reinforcing bars into a reinforced concrete structure. These bars can be bonded to the concrete with a high-strength epoxy adhesive, or anchored at their extremities to the structure with mechanical anchorages, such as steel plates and expansion anchorages. Experimental loading tests carried out at Université Laval on shear strengthened members confirmed the efficiency of these methods to increase the shear capacity. However, the post-installed reinforcing bars behavior affects the shear behavior of strengthened members and current theories considering typical stirrups are not applicable. The objective of this thesis is to develop a model that can be used to predict the shear capacity of reinforced concrete members strengthened with post-installed shear reinforcement. The first part of this thesis consists in analyzing the shear behavior of reinforced concrete members strengthened with epoxy-bonded bars. Based on experimental tests, a bond model and a numerical model were developed to analyze the behavior of bonded bars. Then, this bond behavior was introduced in a finite element model to analyze the response and the shear resistance mechanisms in strengthened members. It appears that the bond behavior affects the capacity of the epoxy-bonded bar at a crack as well as the crack width, reducing the shear reinforcement and aggregate interlock capacities. Based on these results, equations were proposed to determine the shear capacity provided by epoxy-bonded bars and by the aggregate interlock. A minimum amount and spacing criteria were also proposed for epoxy-bonded shear reinforcing bars. The method proposed in this thesis for strengthened members with epoxy-bonded bars adequately predicts the shear capacity of members tested in the literature. The second part of this thesis studies the shear resistance mechanisms in shear strengthened members with unbonded reinforcing bars. The behavior of tested members and finite element models were analyzed and compared. While the CHBDC is not appropriate to predict the shear capacity of members with unbonded bars, FE analyses showed a good match with experimental tests. These results showed that a large portion of shear is transferred by unbonded shear reinforcement. The main parameters affecting this mechanism are the critical shear crack width, the unbonded bars stiffness (including the stiffness of anchorages) and the bars prestressing. For the analyzed members, FE results also showed that a large part of shear is carried by a direct strut action in uncracked concrete, while the portion of shear carried by aggregate interlock is relatively smaller
Shear behavior of reinforced concrete structures has been studied for more than one century. Even if shear behavior is now better understood, a unique shear theory has not been commonly accepted yet. The study presented in this thesis shows that current theories cannot adequately predict the shear behavior of strengthened structures with post-installed reinforcement and a better understanding of shear is required for this type of members. The shear strengthening methods studied consist of adding drilled-in vertical reinforcing bars into a reinforced concrete structure. These bars can be bonded to the concrete with a high-strength epoxy adhesive, or anchored at their extremities to the structure with mechanical anchorages, such as steel plates and expansion anchorages. Experimental loading tests carried out at Université Laval on shear strengthened members confirmed the efficiency of these methods to increase the shear capacity. However, the post-installed reinforcing bars behavior affects the shear behavior of strengthened members and current theories considering typical stirrups are not applicable. The objective of this thesis is to develop a model that can be used to predict the shear capacity of reinforced concrete members strengthened with post-installed shear reinforcement. The first part of this thesis consists in analyzing the shear behavior of reinforced concrete members strengthened with epoxy-bonded bars. Based on experimental tests, a bond model and a numerical model were developed to analyze the behavior of bonded bars. Then, this bond behavior was introduced in a finite element model to analyze the response and the shear resistance mechanisms in strengthened members. It appears that the bond behavior affects the capacity of the epoxy-bonded bar at a crack as well as the crack width, reducing the shear reinforcement and aggregate interlock capacities. Based on these results, equations were proposed to determine the shear capacity provided by epoxy-bonded bars and by the aggregate interlock. A minimum amount and spacing criteria were also proposed for epoxy-bonded shear reinforcing bars. The method proposed in this thesis for strengthened members with epoxy-bonded bars adequately predicts the shear capacity of members tested in the literature. The second part of this thesis studies the shear resistance mechanisms in shear strengthened members with unbonded reinforcing bars. The behavior of tested members and finite element models were analyzed and compared. While the CHBDC is not appropriate to predict the shear capacity of members with unbonded bars, FE analyses showed a good match with experimental tests. These results showed that a large portion of shear is transferred by unbonded shear reinforcement. The main parameters affecting this mechanism are the critical shear crack width, the unbonded bars stiffness (including the stiffness of anchorages) and the bars prestressing. For the analyzed members, FE results also showed that a large part of shear is carried by a direct strut action in uncracked concrete, while the portion of shear carried by aggregate interlock is relatively smaller
Ouglova, Anna. "Etude du comportement mécanique des structures en béton armé atteintes par la corrosion." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DENS0034.
Full textIn the reinforced concrete structures, by nature, the reinforcing steel is covered with a protective film consisted of iron oxides. Penetration of aggressive externat agents can destabilize the film and initiale corrosion. When the layer of corrosion products grows around of the steel, loss of the rebat cross-section which is transformed into rust, decrease of rebat ductility, cracking and delamination of the concrete and loss of bond between concrete and reinforcement can be observed. The mechanical load capacity decreases and the ruin mechanism of concrete structures can change. The necessity is Io understand phenomena due to corrosion in order to perform a re-evaluation of the service lifetime of the reinforced concrete structures attacked by the corrosion
Istanbouli, Ali. "Etude et optimisation des cycles Gros-œuvre pour la réalisation des bâtiments en béton armé." Chambéry, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CHAMS010.
Full textA plan which is to be useful for a process in the future should be a forecast of the best way to carry out that process. In mulit-storey building this objective is usually achieved by the efficient use of resoureces and depends on the definition of an appropriate plan of repetitive cycle (typical floor network). The typical floor network involves idnetical activities repeated consecutively from one floor to the next. The sequence of works in this type of construction is controlled by many technical constraints. Some of thesconstraints are between works executed on the same stage (horozontal constraints), and some of them are between works executed on different stages (vertical constraints)
Hassani-Manaï, Salima. "Etude et modélisation de la stabilité des structures élancées en béton armé." Cergy-Pontoise, 2003. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/03CERG0222.pdf.
Full textResort to slender structures in reinforced concrete and the necessity to make sure of their buckling stability oblige to take account of the coupling of both the geometrical non-linearity generated by the large displacements, and the material non-linearity due to the behaviour of the concrete. The purpose of the study undertaken hereafter is to contribute to non-linear analysis of stability for this type of structures. The two types of non-linearity coupling are used to numerically simulate the ruin of reinforced concrete slender structures, which can occur by exceeding the strength of the most stressed section or through instability. All validations prove the accuracy of the elaborated tool to predict the critical load of stability for the studied structures. Application results to various structures in reinforced concrete are correlated with published results and prove the tool validity
Jabbour, Mike. "Étude multi-échelles de l'attaque sulfatique externe dans les structures en béton armé." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2084.
Full textConcrete structures are highly exposed to different types of destructive processes attributed to the presence of aggressive agents in the surrounding environment. This can involve the exposure to external sulfate attack (ESA) considered as a main threat to the durability of structures. The attack can be defined as a series of chemical reactions that occur in a cement-based material between sulfate ions, having penetrated into the matrix by a transport process, and cement hydrates. The degradation mechanism includes expansion caused by the formation of expansive products (ettringite and/or gypsum), microcracks, strength loss and visible deterioration. The progress of ESA is influenced by several parameters existing in the material itself including the chemical composition of the cement, mainly the tricalcium aluminate (C3A) content, presence of mineral additions and the water to cement (w/c) ratio. Overall, the physico-chemical aspects of ESA and their impacts on the microstructure of the material have been elaborated in different previous studies. Despite differences, all previous works point out to the same conclusion related to the severity of ESA and its destructive impacts on the durability of concrete structures. However, the understanding of the entire phenomenon remains incomplete and unclear. Therefore, in this thesis work titled “Multi scale study of the effects of External Sulfate Attack (ESA) on reinforced concrete structures”, we perform a series of experimental studies on cement paste, mortar, concrete and reinforced concrete specimens all exposed to ESA in order to elaborate a full characterization of the macroscopic and microscopic behaviors associated to the exposure of cement-based materials to ESA. The approaches were based on developing different accelerated testing methods inside laboratories in order to monitor the macroscopic and microscopic damages experienced by different types of mixes within a short period of time. The experimental procedures include the investigation techniques that helped in monitoring the behavior of the specimens against ESA. The studies on the cement paste samples included the application of new drying technique to measure the penetration depth of sulfate ions. The results showed that the differences between drying and ICP-AES methods were not so significant; hence a subjective evaluation of the drying method was presented including the advantages, disadvantages and possible perspectives.The performance of mortar specimens was studied based on the overall results obtained after recording the variations in expansion, mass, compressive strength, flexural strength and porosity (WAPT) at specified experimental time intervals. A comparison was made between three different accelerated testing methods and most importantly the influence of the mortar mix on the response against ESA was evaluated by specifying the most influencing parameters (mineral additions and w/c ratio). The results showed that mortars mixed with CEM III and CEM V resist better against ESA whereas CEM I based mixes experienced high levels of expansion and macroscopic damage. The microstructure was characterized at the surface level via MIP results based on the porosity distribution and pore volume variations which helped in confirming that the major changes in microstructure occur in specimens made with CEM I rather than CEM III or CEM V. The tests performed on concrete specimens helped in studying the behavior of different types of concrete mixes and types of cement against ESA, hence determining once again that CEM I is less resistant than CEM III and CEM V against sulfate ingress. Finally, by analyzing the results obtained from the direct “pull-out” tests performed on reinforced specimens, a relation was established between ESA and bond behavior between reinforced steel and concrete
Attari, Nasser Eddine. "Réhabilitation et renforcement des poutres et noeuds en béton armé par des matériaux composites." Lorient, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LORIS186.
Full textA large number of existing buildings are faced with a lack of strength which may seriously compromise the security of persons in the case of seismic shaking. These buildings, conceived initially for vertical loading, were rarely designed and constructed so as to take up lateral seismic shaking movements. In the aim of improving the strength of these existing buildings, and hence attenuate the risks that may be induced, their rehabilitation and strengthening are of a strategic interest. The glued reinforcing technique in composite materials is widely being used as a new strengthening technique in structures. This technique is particularly interesting for the repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete structures. In the aim of reducing the cost and ensuring a relatively more ductile behaviour for the strengthened reinforced concrete elements, the addition of glass fibres could be considered as a replacement solution since glass fibres are relatively more deformable and with a lesser cost compared to carbon fibres. In this sense, the present work aims at evaluating the efficiency of external strengthening in FRP fabric (glass, carbon) on reinforced concrete elements. The study evaluate the influence and the efficiency of external strengthening of reinforced concrete beams and reinforced concrete bam-column joints using glass-FRP and carbon-FRP tissues in different strengthening configurations. These configurations combine the separate use of carbon fibres and glass fibres tissues unidirectional with a U-shaped anchorage, together with a bidirectional hybrid fabric glass-carbon fibre. A total of ten reinforced concrete beams and eleven reinforced concrete beam-column joints, were strengthened and tested under cyclic loading for the beams and alternate loading for the joints. The testing data analysed concerned the strength, the stiffness, the ductility and the failure mode. They clearly show that the strengthening configuration in a U-shape has considerably improved the flexural strength and contributed to the redistribution of internal forces, enabling the deformations of beams to increase. The use of a hybrid strengthening pattern glass-carbon unidirectionally was more efficient. It represents an advantageous solution for the strengthening of reinforced concrete structures
Ho, Manh Hung. "Performance en flexion des poutres en béton hybride CFRP armé." Thesis, Reims, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REIMS004.
Full textThe study on strengthening or repairing reinforced concrete structures by bonding composite materials has been widely carried out for more than two decades. The mechanical and physical advantages on flexural strength, shear strength, mechanical behaviour, durability, reinforcement efficiency have been well approved. The methods of reinforcement by composite materials can be distinguished as internal reinforcement, external reinforcement and hybrid reinforcement. In this work, the hybrid reinforced concrete beams were studied. Reinforcement in bending is provided by steel and composite materials, CFRP plate. Two bonding methods between the concrete surface and the CFRP plate surface are proposed: direct bonding and bonding using an epoxy resin layer. In this study, three different series of hybrid-reinforced beams were used: a direct bond between the two materials, the second with an adhesive bond between the two materials and the last with a specific bond. The mechanical performance of these beams, mechanical behaviour, failure modes, ultimate load, load corresponding to the first cracks in the concrete, load corresponding to the plasticization of the longitudinal steel and the influence of the adhesion between the concrete surface and the surface of the CFRP plate were analysed. The numerical finite element method was also used to analyse the mechanical performance of the beams. The results provide new knowledge on the mechanical advantages of hybrid reinforced concrete beams
Pontiroli, Christophe. "Comportement au souffle des structures en béton armé : analyse expérimentale et modélisation." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DENS0005.
Full textDubé, Jean-François. "Modélisation simplifiée et comportement visco-endomageable des structures en béton : applications aux séismes et aux choc des ouvrages en béton armé." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DENS0021.
Full textMecheti, Othmane. "Apport de la haute performance au comportement de dalles en béton armé." Toulouse, INSA, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ISAT0014.
Full textDuprat, Frédéric. "Fiabilité des poteaux d'ossatures en béton armé à noeuds non déplaçables." Toulouse, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAT0029.
Full textQazi, Samiullah. "Comportement mécanique sous sollicitations alternées de voiles béton armé renforcés par matériaux composites." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961220.
Full textUlm, Franz-Josef. "Modélisation élastoplastique avec endommagement du béton de structure. Application aux calculs statiques et dynamiques de structures en béton armé et béton précontraint." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529366.
Full textSun, Zhefeng. "Une Théorie 3D des poutres élastiques hétérogènes et analyse non linéaire des structures en béton armé." Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066473.
Full textAitali, Méhéna. "Contribution à l'étude de la fiabilité des poutres hyperstatiques en béton armé." Toulouse, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAT0031.
Full textRobert, Florent. "Contribution à l'analyse non linéaire géométrique et matérielle des ossatures spatiales en Génie Civil : application aux ouvrages d'art." Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/1999ISAL0032/these.pdf.
Full textIn the field of civil engineering, the current trend to design structures more and more slender and the need to reduce the quantities of material, lead designers to make nonlinear calculations taking into account of the nonlinearities of the System. In the field of engineering structures, considering both material and geometrical nonlinearities is essential, therefrom the necessity to have computer tools fitting the profession and solving that problem. We propose a space convected coordinates based formulation consisting in breaking up the movement of a particle into a large rigid body movement and a small movement inducing strains. Large displacements and large rotations are taken into account for tridimensional beam éléments, whereas the material nonlinearity is based on the hypothesis of small strains. We can modelize space frames made of métal, of reinforced concrète or prestressed concrète. Delayed effects, that are concrète shrinkage and creep and prestressed concrète steel relaxation, are integrated in the général resolution scheme. In order to simulate the engineering structures construction and to study their statics, we consider large displacements for articulations, and we develop a spécifie beam élément that simulâtes correctly the behaviour of weighty cables, even though when not tensed. From the initial stress matrix, we develop the linear instability calculation. We propose the possible extension of our resolution scheme from static loads to dynamic ones. We validate our approach by comparing the results of our calculations tô the expérimental results or the theoretical solution of représentative tests. At last, an example of use of the programme on a real project is shown : the simulation of the replacement of the suspension System of the Tancarville Bridge
Décatoire, Rodrigue. "Optimisation des campagnes d'inspection dans le cadre de processus stochastiques de dégradation : Application aux structures en béton armé." Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=831818a0-80d5-4c3d-a74c-f5adae962f0d.
Full textThe development of modern societies has seen the construction of several structures and infrastructures built in reinforced concrete. The management of those structures, potentially large and subjected to important pathologies, aiming at ensuring and guaranteeing their safety and durability has become a true economical challenge. Looking for an optimal inspection, maintenance and repair plan according to safety constraints is one of the possible solutions to address this challenge. This work is bounded by a preventive maintenance context where the concrete degradations may lead to the corrosion of the reinforcements and not to structural failure. The corresponding degradation models are put in an uncertainty context where the spatial variability of the environmental exposure and the concrete properties are accounted for. Based on such predictions, an adaptive design of experiments helps to identify, at a given time, where the structure should be inspected in order to evaluate its degradation state which will indicate the need for maintenance or a repair action. A decision tree therefore allows to predict the probabilistic evolution of the structure state, including the effect of maintenance and repairs. This tree is then used in an optimisation process which aims at finding where and with which inspection technique the structure is to be inspected to minimise both the expectation of the exploitation costs and the associated uncertainties due to the measurement errors, accounting for the stakeholder’s constraints
Lejouad, Chaymaa. "Compréhension du fonctionnement dynamique de structures en béton armé en présence de corrosion." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST070.
Full textReinforcement corrosion is one of the main causes of the decrease in the structural performance of reinforced concrete (RC) structures over time. The literature clearly reports a very limited number of experimental studies aimed at characterizing the dynamic behavior of corroded RC structures by the means of dynamic loadings.To improve the state of knowledge in terms of dynamic behavior of corroded RC structures, an experimental campaign is conducted on large-scale RC beams. These beams are corroded using an accelerated corrosion technique and subjected to quasi-static as well as dynamic loadings.From the experimental results, the evaluation of certain quantities of interest, in particular the bearing capacity, the ductility, the hysteretic capacity, the natural frequencies and the damping ratios, is carried out. Therefore, the effect of corrosion on these different quantities is revealed and the comparison between the conclusions drawn by dynamic and quasi-static tests is established.In order to capitalize the experimental campaign results, a numerical model is developed. This multifiber model, with a low computational cost, integrates certain effects of corrosion pathology, in particular the localized reduction of the corroded bars section, the degradation of the mechanical properties of the steel and the concrete cover cracking. A sensitivity study of the developed model to these different components was carried out, in comparison with the experimental results
Beaulieu-Michaud, Marie-Christine. "Conception, construction et monitorage d'une dalle de grande dimension en béton armé de polymères renforcés de fibres (PRF)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6150.
Full textOrellan, Herrera Juan-Carlos. "Efficacité et effets secondaires des techniques électrochimiques de maintenance des structures en béton armé." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30220.
Full textHameed, Rashid. "Apport d'un renfort de fibres sur les performances des structures en béton armé pour les applications parasismiques." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/944/.
Full textIn October 2005, an earthquake 7. 4 on Richter scale hit the northern area of Pakistan and caused 80 thousand deaths and severe damage to structures. Poor construction material and lack of seismic design considerations were the two major reasons of this severe damage. For structures, surviving a seismic event depends mainly on their capacity for energy dissipation. The greater the energy dissipated, the better the structure performance. In Pakistan, usual practice is to use normal strength reinforced concrete as a construction material. One of the main objectives of this study is to respond to an important question: is it possible to improve the properties of normal strength reinforced concrete for the seismic application? Fiber reinforcement is commonly used to provide toughness and ductility to brittle cementitious matrices. The present study aims to evaluate the contribution of two different types of metallic fibers in hybrid form to improve the mechanical properties, energy dissipation in particular, of normal strength reinforced concrete. A special kind of fiber (FibraFlex) capable of restraining micro-cracking effectively and commonly used carbon steel hooked-ends fibers (Dramix) capable of restraining macro-cracking have been investigated in mono and hybrid forms. The first is qualified as non-sliding fiber while the second is considered as sliding fiber. The maximum content of fiber in mono and hybrid form investigated in this research study was 40 kg/m3 and 80 kg/m3 respectively. The results of reverse cyclic flexural loading tests performed on reinforced fibrous concrete beams having conventional steel ratio (1) equal to 0. 19%, showed that the FibraFlex fibers provide an important gain in energy dissipation at low levels of displacement amplitude. At large displacement amplitude, role of Dramix fibers is more significant to improve energy dissipation. As a result of different action of each fiber at different displacement amplitude levels, a significant increase in energy dissipation capacity of RC beam was registered when both fibers were used in hybrid form at content of 80 kg/m3 (40 kg/m3 of each type of fiber). A 3D numerical model to predict the behaviour of concrete matrix reinforced with sliding and non-sliding fibers both in mono and hybrid forms is proposed. Considering fiber reinforced concrete as two phases composite, constitutive behaviour laws of plain concrete and sliding fibers were described and then they were combined according to anisotropic damage theory to predict the mechanical behaviour of FRC. The behaviour law used for the plain concrete is based on damage and plasticity theories. The behaviour law of the action of sliding fibers (Dramix) in the matrix is based on the effective stress carried by the fibers while bridging the crack which depends on a damage parameter related to on one hand on the content and the mechanical properties of the fiber and on the other hand, on the fiber-matrix bond. To treat non-sliding fiber, a simplified approach is proposed in which constitutive law of plain concrete is used with increased value of fracture energy obtained from the direct tensile test on concrete reinforced with non-sliding fibers. Finally, to simulate the behaviour of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete, approaches to model sliding and non-sliding fibers are combined without any additive equation. A simplified approach to model the steel-concrete interface in case of reinforced concrete elements has been also proposed. This approach considers the steel-concrete interface as bond element with isotropic elasto-plastic properties. Infect, the bond element replace the steel bar area and steel bar is modelled as uniaxial bar element with elastic-plastic perfect behaviour law. Fitting of this approach was done by simulating pull-out and uniaxial tensile loading tests on RC specimens. 3D model for FRC composites and simplified approach for steel-concrete interface with fitted parameters were then used to simulate the flexural behaviour of reinforced fibrous concrete beam. Modelling results showed good agreement with experimental results
Delemontey, Yvan. "Le béton assemblé : préfabriquer la France de l’après-guerre (1940-1955)." Paris 8, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083273.
Full textIn French cities after the Second World War, reconstruction heralded a rethink in the scale of building along with the rise of a novel, state-run form of construction management. The State, requiring vast numbers of homes to be built, set about industrialising the means of production, transforming irrevocably a building sector long wedded to ancestral habits. The result was a particularly French solution: prefabricated concrete. A cross between the hegemony of material and an infatuation with new production methods, this solution made the construction process the designer's central preoccupation. This thesis begins by looking at the position of prefabrication within the discourse of the immediate post-war era. It then considers the impact of foreign influences, especially those of the American "scene", on the modernisation of building methods and techniques. It then considers prefab development diachronically: it shows how, in an early phase (1940-49), a lack of resources stimulated astonishing progress as prefabrication broke away from the metals industry - its traditional partner - and became instead inseparable from the masonry sector; and it highlights the role of prefabrication, during a later phase marked by growing improvement in the nation's economic and material welfare (1949-1955), in the structural paradigm shift that occurred in housing at the turn of the decade
Averbuch, Daniel. "Approche du dimensionnement des structures en béton armé par le calcul à la rupture." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523025.
Full textIdir, Achour. "Justification du coefficient de comportement sismique des structures en béton armé par des approches statiques équivalentes." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECAP0508.
Full textGirard, Marion. "Étude de la précontrainte par post-tension par évaluation non destructive (END) : application de la méthode impact-écho (IE) combinée à l'endoscopie." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/28573/28573.pdf.
Full textAuscultation of post-tensioned concrete structures represents a particular challenge because the prestressing reinforcement as well as prestressing ducts are embedded in the concrete and become, thereby, mostly inaccessible to Inspection. However, the condition of the tendons (presence of corrosion) as well as the quality of the grout injection of the ducts (presence of voids) are important indicators of a structure durability. In order to shed light upon auscultation of post-tensioned structures, this study first proposes a review of the literature on nondestructive methods and discusses their applicability in the context of prestressed structure assessment. Based on the review, the impact echo method was selected and utilized for the auscultation of test bodies, manufactured in laboratory, as well as for the auscultation of dismantled post-tensioned bridge sampled beams. Endoscopy, considered a semi-destructive testing method, came in support to the impact echo method and was used on the same concrete test bodies or samples. Following the description of the methodology related to the two assessment methods and the description of the concrete samples available, an entier chapter is dedicated to typical experimental results. The findings of the study show that the practice of endoscopy is particularly well suited to the observation of injection voids or of the prestressed reinforcement state in the grouted ducts.. In the case of the impact-echo the study showed that, although there is a potential of grout void detections, in situations where massive and complex parts are involved (due to the presence of multiple cables, the presence of damage or geometrical imperfections), the interpretation of results is difficult. The treatment of the mesures (signals) needs to be further developed before the impact echo method can be used routinely on large elements.
Benmansour, Mohammed Bénali. "Modélisation du comportement cyclique alterné du béton armé. Application à divers essais statiques de poteaux." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523013.
Full textIle, Nicolae-Ioan. "Contribution à la compréhension du fonctionnement des voiles en béton armé sous sollicitation sismique : apport de l'expérimentation et de la modélisation à la conception." Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2000ISAL0090/these.pdf.
Full textThis thesis deals with aspects of seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete shear walls (RCSW). Its objective is to introduce a useful modelling approach for addressing the non-linear response of a large variety of RCSW and to identify several aspects in which this numerical approach could be implemented into design applications. Firstly, the characteristics of the behaviour of RCSW under seismic loading, some design principles and different modelling approaches are discussed. As an important lack of knowledge in several fields was identified, it was considered that three types of shear walls deserve more attention: 1) Slightly reinforced slender walls, 2) U- shaped walls and 3) Heavily reinforced squat shear walls. A local modelling approach is adopted and the material constitutive models are described in details. Secondly, the behaviour of the two mock-ups, CAMUS I and II, tested on the shaking-table during the CAMUS programme, which are slightly reinforced and designed according to the French code PS92 is simulated using a 2-D finite element model (FEM). For comparison purposes, the case of the CAMUS III mock-up, designed according to EC8, is considered. We are then dealing with the case of U-shaped walls under dynamic and cyclic loading. The results obtained from numerical simulations, based on a 3-D shell FEM, are compared with those obtained from tests carried out in the frame of the ICONS programme. Finally, the numerical model is applied to the case of heavily reinforced squat shear walls (similar to those used in the nuclear power plant buildings) subjected to shear loading. A 2-D FEM is considered in order to simulate the behaviour of three different walls, which were tested pseudodynamically during the SAFE programme. The results from both experimental and numerical studies are compared and discussed. The most important factors affecting the behaviour of RCSW are highlighted. Different examples of possible contributions to design are presented
Frantzeskakis, Cléarchos. "Contribution à la modélisation des stuctures en béton armé par la méthode des éléments finis." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529454.
Full textPouteau, Bertrand. "Durabilité mécanique du collage blanc sur noir dans les chaussées." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT2138.
Full textFor the last ten years, two new composite pavement structures (whitetopping –i. E. Thin concrete slabs over existing rutted asphalt pavement– and Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement, CRCP, over asphalt sub-base) have raised a significant interest. Based on the association of a concrete layer bonded to an asphalt sub-base, they lead to a reduction of the layers thickness and cost. A long-lasting bond is essential. This work deals with the mechanical study of the bond fatigue lifespan. Firstly, the bibliographical analysis focuses on the way this bond is deteriorated in such structures submitted to traffic. Cracks induced by the restrained shrinkage of the concrete layer can initiate and propagate debonding. Secondly, a mechanical fatigue test simulates this way of deterioration in laboratory. Interface blasting leads to a more lasting bond. A mechanical analysis of the test is also proposed. Thirdly, a non destructive survey method of the bond quality, based on the use of mechanical wave propagation, is developed. Eventually, full scale experiments analysis provide two evolution of bond. The RN4 experiment aims to measure the growth of an initial fracture at the interface between the concrete layer and the asphalt sub-base under real traffic conditions. After 2 years of traffic, no propagation of the fracture is noticed. For the second full scale experiment, a pavement structure model, constituted of thin layers and wide opened cracks, the awaited way of deterioration (delamination initiated from the vertical crack) is observed after 1 million cycles applied by the accelerated pavement loading facility FABAC
Sierra, Ruiz Veronica. "Renforcement d'éléments structuraux en béton armé à l'aide de matériaux composites : analyse fine de la zone d'ancrage." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF21399.
Full textIskef, Alaa Eddin. "Technologies informatiques pour l'étude du comportement expérimental et numérique d'un assemblage poutre-poteau en béton armé." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLN015/document.
Full textThe behavior of reinforced concrete beam-column joints and their influence on the strength of the structures under cyclic or seismic loadings has been the subject of several investigations in recent years. However, the behavior of that part of the structure remains far from being mastered due to the complexity of the assembly involving several physical phenomena and due to the lack of exhaustive experimental data. This work aims to implement and provide a reliable and dense experimental database whose vocation is to provide access to an experimental benchmark to enable the modeling and validation of the behavior of these assemblies
Chhun, Ponleu. "Modélisation du comportement thermo-hydro-chemo-mécanique des enceintes de confinement nucléaire en béton armé-précontraint." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30139/document.
Full textIn the context of life extension and safety demonstration of nuclear reactor buildings following the severe accidents of Chernobyl (in Ukraine, 1986) and Fukushima (in Japan, 2011), the "Confinement Assessment of a vessel during an Accident" (MACENA) project supported by the French National Research Agency (ANR) has been initiated since 2013. The experimental campaigns and modelling works of this project are based on an experimental containment vessel mock-up at scale 1/3 named VeRCoRs which is constructed and monitored by Electricity of France (EDF). The main issues for long-term operation of nuclear power plants that have more than 50 years old consist of ageing mechanisms in concrete and prestressing losses, as the internal concrete wall is prestressed with steel wires. These phenomena influence the cracking occurrence that can be significant if the "Loss-of-coolant accident" (LOCA) induced conditions are maintained for several weeks. The material characteristics of nuclear containment building can be modified by the loading prior to the LOCA, leading possibly to a reduction of tensile strength (early cracking, pre-operational pressurization test). The loadings during the LOCA i.e. increase of temperature and vapour relative pressure can then propagate the cracks. Thus, the material properties depend on the solicitation history since the concrete pouring In that context, this PhD thesis introduces a computational strategy adopted to consider the damage accumulation using a single mechanical model from the early age until the LOCA. Considering the effect of chemo-physical of the concrete on the response of this mechanical model along the life of the structure requires the preliminary prediction of the evolution of chemical, thermal and hydric state from casting to later ages, including the LOCA. Several multiphysics models are studied, improved or tested in this thesis work: the first model is devoted to predicting the hydration degree, temperature, water content and porosity of concrete at an early age; the second allows to follow the evolution of temperature and water saturation for later ages (ageing period and effects of the LOCA conditions on the thermal and hydric state of concrete). The mechanical model uses the results of the two previous ones to estimate the delayed deformations of concrete, the relaxation of prestressing wires, and the risk of cracking. This methodology was developed to avoid the loss of information relative to material state throughout the life of the structure. The main advantages of the methodology are the possibility to consider automatically the accumulation of damage until the LOCA on the one hand and on the other hand the improvements made to the material model to be used in the LOCA conditions, which improve the modelling quality, especially during the early age
Aouameur-Mesbah, Amel. "Analyse non-linéaire matérielle et géométrique des structures coques en béton armé sous chargements statiques et dynamiques." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529774.
Full textTran, Nhu Cuong. "Développement d'un modèle d'interface acier-béton à haute température : modélisation des structures en béton exposées au feu." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00657207.
Full textGhavamian, Shahrokh. "Méthode simplifiée pour la simulation du comportement sismique des structures en béton armé : traitement des effets de l'élancement et estimateur d'erreurs." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DENS0007.
Full textDeby, Fabrice. "Approche probabiliste de la durée des bétons en environnement marin." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/370/.
Full textA probabilistic approach to prediction of concrete's durability in marine environment is proposed in this thesis. The aim of this work is to develop a methodology linked with the performance-based approaches using the concept of durability indicators. The probabilistic FORM algorithm and the coupled deterministic model are developed to estimate the reliability index of the material. The probability distributions of the random variables are built. A multiplicative error is introduced in order to integrate information from different concretes into a single database and a Bayesian network is presented to update these results by further experiments. A practical example is proposed for a reinforced concrete immersed in sea water. A semi-probabilistic design for engineering based on characteristic values and partial safety factors is developed to achieve the same reliability
Soucy, Jean-François. "Propriétés mécaniques et comportement des éléments fléchis ayant subi des réparations structurales en béton." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29838/29838.pdf.
Full textA two-phase research program has been undertaken. In the first phase, computer simulations using a finite-element analysis (FEM) software have been performed to highlight the most sensitive. In the second phase, a series of 12 real-size reinforced concrete beams (3,4 m long) has been cast, air-conditioned and repaired at midspan to different extents, using two formulations of repair self-compacting concrete (high-stiffness and low-stiffness SCC’s), 10 of the 12 beams are repaired beam. The last 2 beams are monolithic beams and used as references. After the installation of the instrumentation, the beams are tested on a 4-point bending setup using two servo-hydraulic actuators, for the measurement of the instantaneous and long-term load deformation. The analysis that follows illustrates the correlation between laboratory results and numerical simulations. The main findings of the study show that using a repair material with a higher stiffness than that of the substrate results in a behavior similar to the monolithic beam. However the use of a material with a lower stiffness tends to negatively affect the behavior of the repaired beam. This trend is more pronounced when considering a sustained load, because the materials with lower stiffness tend to deform more than the rigid materials, it follows that the creep at the young age of the material also affects the behavior of the repaired beams, and that the use of a more rigid material allows the repaired beam to behave like a monolithic beam. Keywords: Beam, concrete, compression, creep, FEM, mechanical repair, structural capacity
Laurens, Stéphane. "Aptitude de la technique radar à la caractérisation du béton d'enrobage - Aide au diagnostic de la corrosion des armatures." Toulouse, INSA, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ISAT0026.
Full textThe development of non-destructive testing in civil engineering is related to the aging of structures. This aging is usually accompanied by some changes in the properties of construction materials, which call the needs concerning the mechanical behaviour, the service ability or the aesthetic characteristics of the structure into question. The aim of this study is to adapt radar technology to the physical characterisation of concrete, in order to highlight the conditions leading to reinforcement corrosion (main cause of damages). Indeed, experimental results on concrete laboratory samples show some interesting aptitudes to the assessment of concrete humidity, and chloride contamination. A specific application to the corrosion of reinforcement of concrete bridge decks with asphalt cover is also developed and verified on site through a comparison with half-cell potential measurements. The approach is just consisting in mapping the reflectivity of asphalt-concrete interface in order to locate humidity contrasts and, thus, areas presenting a high corrosion probability. At least, speed, easiness, reliable and non-destructive measurements are qualities, which give to the radar technique a great interest for large scale auscultation
Timsah, Yahia. "Simulation numérique du comportement non-linéaire à long terme des ossatures spatiales : prise en compte des déformations différées de retrait et de fluage du béton et de la relaxation de l'acier de précontrainte." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ECAP0307.
Full textEl, Farissi Anass. "Prédiction de la durée d'utilisation des ouvrages en béton armé par une approche performantielle dans le cas de la corrosion induite par la carbonatation ou l'attaque des ions chlorure." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LAROS025.
Full textSteel reinforcement corrosion is the major cause of failure in reinforced concrete structures. This electrochemical process is induced by presence in sufficient quantity of chloride ions at the reinforcement or by concrete carbonation (CO2 action). This thesis aims to develop engineering performance-based models for the service life prediction of reinforced concrete structures subjected to chloride-induced or carbonation-induced corrosion initiation and propagation. It consists in developing three models : a chloride ions ingress model, a carbonation model and a corrosion model that allows to estimate the corrosion initiation time and propagation time. These models consider factors related to the material (i.e. durability indicators), processing, environment and geometry. The approach used to develop these models is based on using several literature databases of ageing structures and concrete testing specimens (BHP-2000, Perfdub, etc.). The use of these data allowed to improve the predictive capacity of existing models (chloride ingress model) and to develop new models (carbonation and corrosion models)
Miao, Buquan. "Effets mécaniques dus au retrait de dessiccation du béton." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ENPC8912.
Full textBairrão, Rogério. "Modèle de comportement à la ruine des structures constituées de poutres en béton armé : prise en compte des phénomènes d'endommagement et de plasticité." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066014.
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