Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Construction en béton – Assemblages'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Construction en béton – Assemblages.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Ciutina, Liviu Adrian. "Assemblages et comportement sismique de portiques en acier et mixtes acier-béton : Expérimentation et simulation numérique." Rennes, INSA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ISAR0016.
Full textThe work presented in this report concerns the seismic response of moment resisting steel or composite steel-concrete frames, influenced by the behaviour of their joints. The steel of the beam-to-column joints or the steel part in the case of composite joints are realised by bolted end-plate connections, using HSF bolts with controlled preloading. The first part of the study, having an experimental character, relates several series of tests, performed at Rennes and at Timisoara; its objective is to research the appropriate constructive layouts for an improved ductile behaviour of the steel and composite end-plate beam-to-column connections under monotonic and cyclic types of loading, under symmetrical or strongly unsymmetrical conditions. A particular attention is given to some detail points of the connections: the inferior part of the end-plate, by means of basic experimental tests on “T-stub” subassemblies, bevel type used for welding of beams to the end plates, the reinforcing of the column steel panel of the steel column by doubling plates, etc. This study allowed us to compare the experimental results with those of the models proposed by recent codes and to propose some recommendations and simple formulae in order to permit a better dissipative behaviour. A second part concerns the calibration of numerical models, by the help of DRAIN 2DX computer code, according to the results of the experimental tests. In the case of beam-columns type of elements, using a fibre model and including the measured characteristics of the materials it was proved that we can arrive to a good agreement as compared to the experimental results. As for the connections themselves, a sophisticated model, based on a multi-linear envelope curve of response and including a degrading cyclic behaviour, leads also to an adequate simulation of the real moment-rotation response curves. Into the third part, based on the dynamic non-linear analyses and on soil accelerograms, we try to take advantage of the behaviour of the steel and composite connections tested in laboratory. Five moment frames, from which one metallic and four composite are analysed, considering the beams jointed to columns by connections having a similar behaviour of those tested experimentally, so more or less rigid and/or more or less resistant. The location of the structures was supposed in zones having different nature and seismic levels, particularly in France and Romania. The responses are judged in terms of the required élasto-plastic rotation of the dissipative elements and by the required inter-story drifts. The global ductility response is interpreted in terms of the behaviour factor q and of the seismic performance factor η
Goulet, James-A. "Assemblage rigide boulonné pour les charpentes de bâtiments multiétagés en béton préfabriqué." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20056.
Full textTo this day, the connections of precast concrete buildings offer little or no continuity to the structure. Consequently, when compared to monolithic structures, the material is clearly not used to its full capacity. Studies on rigid connections, welded or assembled by post tension, have been carried out by a few investigators. Although structurally valid, none of the proposed connections proved able to meet the needs of the construction industry, due to stringent erection tolerances and complexity of assembly. The work presented here concerns the development of a bolted rigid connection system likely to be used on a large scale by the precast concrete construction industry. The study is separated in two parts. The first is concerned with the development and tuning of the new structural system while the second one deals with the determination of the rigidity of the proposed connection. The connection behaviour is then used to compare the amount of material used in the new system and the actual precast system. The software Visual Design was used to analyse the building structure, and the finite element software ANSYS to determine the characteristic behaviour of the new connection. The intent of the research is to establish the feasibility of the proposed model, so that future research and development efforts can be carried out in partnership with the precast industry.
Rabih, Mahmoud. "Comportement et modélisation de connecteurs de types cornière et goujon utilisés en construction mixte acier-béton." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPL079N.
Full textLoho, Ghandi. "Comportement statique et sismique d'assemblages poutre-poteau en acier et mixtes acier-béton boulonnés par platine d'extrémité." Rennes, INSA, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ISAR0014.
Full textBouazaoui, Loubna. "Contribution à l'étude expérimentale et théorique de structures mixtes acier-béton assemblées par collage." Reims, 2005. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000220.pdf.
Full textThis study concerns the experimental and theoretical analysis of the mechanical behaviour of the steel-concrete composite beams assembled with an adhesive joint. First, we studied the effect of the main parameters such as the construction method of the concrete slab, the surface state of the substrates, the adhesive nature and the irregular thickness of the adhesive joint on mechanical performances of the glued composite beams of 3. 3 m of span. The use of strain gauges and inductive sensors enabled us to characterize the strains distribution in these beams and to measure the relative displacements between concrete slab and steel girder. In the second time, we carried out a bending experimental test on a full-scale of glued composite beam, (8. 5 m of span) in order to analyze the mechanical behaviour of the full-scale glued structure. Using an epoxy adhesive with the rigid behaviour to bond concrete slab to steel girder and sanding the surfaces of the two substrates steel and concrete, we showed that the connection by bonding with adhesive can ensure a perfect connexion between steel and concrete. We also showed that the concrete slab can be carried out by several precasted concrete elements glued together. Finally, the comparison beteween the mechanical behavior of the composite beams glued with an irregular thickness of the adhesive joint, in the transverse and longitudinal direction, and that of a composite beam glued with a regular thickness of adhesive joint, allowed us to tolerate a variation in the thickness of the adhesive joint of 2 mm in the transverse direction of the beam and of 4 mm in the longitudinal one. In conclusion, bonding can replace the metal connectors and allows to concrete slab and steel girder to act as unit alone
Loulou, Louisa. "Durabilité d’un assemblage mixte bois-béton collé sous chargement hydrique." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1123/document.
Full textThe wood-concrete composite is an interesting solution in the field of Civil Engineering to create high performance bending elements for bridge, as well as in the building construction for the design of wood-concrete floor systems. The Navier laboratory has been working for many years on the development of the bonding process as applied to wood-concrete composite structures. Contrary to conventional joining connectors (metal connectors), this assembling technique does ensure an almost perfect connection between wood and concrete. Previous work has already shown good performances of glued wood-concrete composite structures in terms of mechanical fatigue. However, the bonding connection requires additional research on the long-term behaviour of glued wood-concrete composites, especially when this structure is subjected to variable hygrometric conditions. The work undertaken during this thesis aims at determining the factors which induce damages on these glued wood-concrete assemblies under hygrometric loading; the research is divided into 3 parts:-Two experimental parts:(1)"Push-Out" shear tests conducted in collaboration with the Departmental Laboratory of Autun, were used to assess the effect of the elastic properties of the resin on the shear strength of the assembly. This experimental study aims at validating the adhesive of choice for this kind of connection, taking into account ageing under variable hygrometric conditions. Analysis is based on maximum shear capacity and on the failure mode of the assembly. (2)In addition to shear tests, the effect of hygrometric loading on the durability of glued wood concrete assemblies was examined. The analysis of the hydric behaviour of the structure was carried out by the digital image correlation (DIC) technique on small-sized glued wood-concrete assemblies. The measurements of the local deformations allowed us to locate areas of damage, particularly due to the hydric deformations of the wood prevented by the glued connection The effects of the elastic properties of the resin, the microstructure of the wood (including its structure and the direction of the annual rings) as well as the mechanical behaviour of the concrete material were examined.- A numerical part:(3) A numerical finite element model was validated by comparing the numerical results to the deformation maps experimentally obtained. Numerical analysis was used to quantify the stresses induced to the structure, in relation to hydric deformations prevented by glued connection. Moreover investigations at the full scale were conducted to evaluate the long-term behaviour under variable hygrometric conditions. These investigations were conducted in order to offer solutions aiming at optimizing this type of connection, and to define conditions for use of these glued assemblies
Luo, Yangjun. "Etude numérique et optimisation de conception des poutres mixtes acier-béton assemblées par collage." Reims, 2009. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00001013.pdf.
Full textIn this thesis, numerical study and design optimization problems for the bonded steel-concrete beam are addressed. The steel-concrete composite beam bonded by adhesive has its particular advantages over the traditional composite beam and is attracting increasing attentions. The aim of the present study is to provide a fundamental understanding as well as the computational framework of numerical simulation and design optimization of bonded composite beams…
Zhao, Guoqiang. "Etude expérimentale et numérique de la résistance à l'effondrement progressif de sous-assemblages poteaux-poutres en béton armé." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI043/document.
Full textImportant buildings may be subjected to accidental loads, such as explosions or impacts, during their service life. It is, therefore, necessary not only to evaluate their safety under traditional loads and seismic action. The structural performances related to progressive collapse scenarios need to be investigated.The study of progressive collapse involves a dynamic problem, but unfortunately dynamic experiments on the behavior of the civil engineering structures under dynamic conditions are rare. In this research, beam-column sub-assemblage specimens were tested under dynamic load. The loading program consists in placing a large mass, as a dead load, on the top of the middle column of a beam-column sub-assemblage. The support under the middle column is suddenly removed for simulating the sudden loss of a column and the damage that will result in the structure. The loading system and supporting devices were designed specially for this test. The upper dead load can be changed by increasing or decreasing the applied masse to different specimens. The supports for the side column have a controlled rigidity in the horizontal direction and are designed to restrain rotation of the side-column. Thus, the boundary conditions are supposed to be similar to real situations. During the test, a laser was installed under the middle pillar to collect the falling velocity and a high-speed camera was used to visualize the whole process of the component failure process. The images obtained from the camera were processed by Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technology to get the corresponding displacements and strain fields. By these means, all the information of the structure under dynamic loading was captured and recorded, such as the period of vibration, frequency, velocity and displacement. Based on these experimental data, the effect of section and span of the specimen on dynamic response and damage mode was discussed. Time history of resistance force curves was produced. Compared with previous published quasi-static experiments in terms of structural mechanisms, crack patterns, damage mode, it shows the experimental results from beam-column assemblage with the designed support device can be used to analyze the behavior of the local structure in the entire frame.In addition, numerical simulations were developed for simulating the failing process of the structure. A technique named “connector” was proposed into beam-column finite element model by adding a series of springs to investigate the interaction between steel rebars and concrete. A concrete damage model, named DFH-KST model, was used to characterize the development of concrete crack and damage. The versatility of the adopted methodology allows assessing the influence of the material nonlinear behavior and the geometry of the tested structure. Calibration and validation studies show that the proposed model can successfully represent the resistance of structure and behavior. Furthermore, the transverse component effect on the resistance to progressive collapse was discussed
Iskef, Alaa Eddin. "Technologies informatiques pour l'étude du comportement expérimental et numérique d'un assemblage poutre-poteau en béton armé." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLN015/document.
Full textThe behavior of reinforced concrete beam-column joints and their influence on the strength of the structures under cyclic or seismic loadings has been the subject of several investigations in recent years. However, the behavior of that part of the structure remains far from being mastered due to the complexity of the assembly involving several physical phenomena and due to the lack of exhaustive experimental data. This work aims to implement and provide a reliable and dense experimental database whose vocation is to provide access to an experimental benchmark to enable the modeling and validation of the behavior of these assemblies
Lahouar, Mohamed Amine. "Tenue au feu des goujons collés dans le bois et dans le béton." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1027/document.
Full textPost-installation of rebars is a structural joining technique allowing the connection and the load transfer between two neighboring structural elements using steel rebars and adhesive polymers. Post-installed rebars were initially used in concrete constructions in retrofitting, extension and in repairing structures by adding new concrete sections to existing elements. Over the time, the improvement in mechanical and adhesion properties of polymer adhesives have allowed to enhance the mechanical behavior of post-installed rebars and led to achieve equivalent or even higher mechanical responses than cast-in place rebars at normal operating temperatures. Thus, post-installed rebars have gradually replaced cast-in place rebars in new constructions for some applications by offering advantageous solutions and flexibility allowing meeting the high architectural requirements. However, the mechanical behavior of post-installed rebars is essentially governed by the mechanical properties of polymer resins, which remain highly sensitive to temperature variation. Consequently, the temperature increase of the post-installed rebars presents a potential risk affecting their safety use. Therefore, fire presents a serious hazard that should be considered when designing post-installed rebars. Recently, the technique of post-installed rebars, exclusively used in reinforced concrete structures, has been transferred to wood structures construction, and called "glued-in rods". This technique, initially used in the retrofitting and the reinforcement of historical monuments, is today used in new construction thanks to its good mechanical and seismic behavior in addition to the possibility it offers to make invisible connections. However, glued-in rods face the same problems as post-installed rebars, especially concerning the temperature increase. The aim of this thesis is to study the evolution of the mechanical behavior of these two connection techniques in order to suggest a design method allowing ensuring their safe use in a fire situation. The study is divided into four levels:i- Study of the behavior of chemical anchors at the scale of materials through characterization tests performed on the anchor components, with a particular emphasis on the study of phenomena occurring at high temperature in the polymer resin.ii- Study of the global behavior of chemical anchors by means of pull-out tests performed at high temperature, at constant load and at stabilized temperature, carried out on post-installed rebars in concrete cylinders and on glued-in rods in parallelepipeds of spruce glulam.iii- Study of the mechanical behavior at high temperature of chemical anchors at the scale of the structure through a full-scale fire test carried out on a cantilever concrete slab connected to a concrete wall using eight post-installed rebars. Test results were also used to validate the suggested design method to predict the fire resistance duration of post-installed rebars in a fire situation.iv- Theoretical study on the evolution of the stress distribution along the anchor during a temperature variation, through the development of a non-linear shear-lag model, allowing to obtain the theoretical stress profiles for any thermal distribution, from the experimental input data obtained by pull-out tests
Lepourry, Clémence. "Mise au point et caractérisation d’un système innovant de poutre hybride béton-acier : étude des comportements locaux et globaux." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ISAR0016.
Full textThe main goal of this Ph.D thesis is the development and the characterization of a solution for long-span beams in concrete buildings. Pre-stressed or composite beams are the possible technologies for beams up to twenty metres, but they are not adapted for concrete constructors. The main objective of Ingenova, the research and development affiliate of Legendre is to find a solution, which can be set up easily by concrete workers with good structural performance. The proposed solution is the concrete-steel hybrid beam, made of U-shape steel profile used as permanent formwork to encase a concrete beam. The association of the two beams also gives a convenient solution adapted to concrete builders. In this thesis, a series of experimental and numerical tests have been performed in order to assess the global and the local behaviour of the beam and its connections.Firstly, the connexion between concrete and steel is achieved by L-shaped angles welded on the upper flanges of the steel beam. Their behaviour has been studied by performing asymmetric push-out tests, which were used to validate a detailed finite element model. Based on the results obtained from a numerical parametric study of the validated a finite element model, an analytical expression of the shear resistance was then proposed.The global behaviour in sagging of the concrete-steel hybrid beam was also investigated by experimental and numerical tests. The impact of the partial interaction under deflection and bending moment resistance have been studied. The results show a ductile behaviour of the concrete-steel hybrid beam both in partial and in full interaction. Finally, an analytical method has been adapted to determine the ultimate flexural capacity of this innovative beam considering the degree of connection. The last part of this work concerns the joint between the concrete-steel hybrid beam and a concrete-filled steel tubular column. The behaviour of this hybrid joint was verified by full-scale experimental tests. A finite element model has also been developed in order to investigate more deeply into the load transferring mechanism within the joint. This FE model is validated by comparing its results against experimental data. An analytical model for the design of the joint is then proposed.This new technology has already been used in actual projects during the thesis. The design procedure of the members and of the joints has been approved by the CSTB, the French certification organism of construction. First feedback for the on-site erection were good, and workers enjoyed the quick assembly and the increase of security on site
Alhasawi, Anas. "Computational tools for nonlinear analysis of steel and composite steelconcrete structures considering connection bahaviour : Application to buildings and bridges." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ISAR0006/document.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to develop computational tools for the nonlinear analysis of steel and composite steel-concrete structures under cyclic loading taking into account the actual behaviour of joint, material and geometry non-linearities and contact conditions at the steel-to-concrete interface. In particular, our efforts focuses on typical bolted end-plate connection between steel or composite beam and steel column. The objective is to develop a new «joint finite element" able to reproduce accurately the cyclic behavior of the beam-to-column connection. Next this model is combined with a non-linear steel/composite beam element considering slip and possible uplift at the interface. The thesis consists of three major parts. The first part deals with the behavior of a steel beam-to-column bolted end-plate connection under arbitrarily cyclic loading. The proposed model is based on an improved component method that closely follows the deformation of each component taking into account non-linearities induced by possible gap between the column flange and the end-plate. This model has been developed for a single row connection. In the case of multiple row bolted connection group effects may develop. Possible group effect between two bolt-rows has been implemented considering the model proposed by Cerfontaine based on the definition of the multi-surface yield criterion and the associated flow rule that govern deformation of equivalent springs. Only the case of perfect plasticity is considered. It is shown that the influence of the group effect is not negligible on the nonlinear response of the joint. In the second part, we have developed a flexible co-rotational two-noded beam with generalized elasto-plastic hinges at the beam ends. It is assumed that plastic deformations concentrate at these hinges. These hinges have the ability to elongate/shorten along the beam axis and to rotate. A family of asymmetric and convex yield surfaces of super-elliptic shape is considered for the plastic behavior of the hinges. By varying the roundness factor, an infinite nun1ber of yield surface are obtained. It is shown that the nonlinear response of bolted connections subjected to both bending and tension are conveniently modeled with such a yield surface. It was observed that cyclic loading produces pinching effect, cyclic softening and ductile behavior. Advantages and limitations of the approach are discussed. Finally, the third part is dedicated to the problem of contact at the interface of steel-concrete composite beams. A "new" finite element for composite steelconcrete beam is proposed. The beam element has 6 degrees of freedom per node. The concrete beam is allowed to separate from the steel beam. An efficient contact algorithm is proposed. The Flying node concept is introduced and used to determine the extent of the contact area within a single element and modify the mesh of the beam structure. The contact problem is solve using the Augmented Lagrangian Method. The influence of contact on the loading capacity of the beam and its influence on some design variables are highlighted
Mungwa, Martin. "Structures mixtes bois-béton : caractérisation de connecteurs." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0071.
Full textRecent advances in modern construction have led to the systematic use of combined concrete slab and timber beams as a horizontal load bearing structural component, the latter playing an identical role as steel beams in a composite concrete steel floor. Unfortunately the well-established rules governing the design of shear connectors for structural composite concrete-steel floors cannot be applied directly to wood-concrete composite structural elements due to the nature of the bond that exists between wood and connecting elements. Thus the thesis was aimed at investigating the mechanical behavior of two types of shear connector using static tests. They consisted of a dowel-type connector with a metal base plate and a tubular connector. Using a shear test rig preliminary lateral and axial resistance of different nails, screws with and without disc springs as well as punched metal plates were investigated. These were compared with Eurocode 4 recommendations and the observations led to the design and testing of standardized pushout specimens for both connector types according to the provisions of Eurocode 4. Two predictive techniques were developed to account for the serviceability limit state as well as the ultimate resistance of the connectors. For the former, an elastic model was used to predict the load-deformation characteristics of the dowel through an exact stiffness formulation of a beam on elastic foundation. While the ultimate resistance was based on a modified Johansen yield model. Comparisons between the theoretical and experimental results were found to be in good agreement
Meaud, Charlotte. "Analyse multi-échelle des connexions par collage : application aux éléments structuraux multimatériaux fléchis." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00977408.
Full textHamchaoui, Mohamed. "Conception économique des assemblages en construction métallique." Chambéry, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CHAMS030.
Full textLouveau, Jean-Michel. "Modélisation du comportement cyclique des assemblages de construction métalliques." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066419.
Full textGardelle, Vincent. "Mécanique des assemblages et renforts collés en construction bois." Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR13073.
Full textYoussef, Alice. "Prise en compte des apports mécaniques du béton de chanvre pour le calcul de structure bois/béton de chanvre et métal/béton de chanvre." Thesis, Lorient, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORIS431/document.
Full textLime and hemp concrete (LHC) is nowadays the most developed bio-based aggregate building material in Europe. It consists of hemp shiv and mineral binder mixing with water. Generally, bio-based materials like LHC are used for their thermal insulation properties in building. Most blocks of Lime Hemp Concrete which have been studied, show a brittle behavior and a very low mechanical strength. The formulations are generally rich in binder and slightly compacted. Up to now, this material is then not considered as a load bearing material and is mainly used as filler insulation, combined with structure components made of wood, concrete or masonry. A study has tested other formulations, with higher contents of aggregates thanks to a compaction process, in order to improve both the rigidity and the strength of the hardened mixtures. In these formulations, shiv which has higher amount is definitely lighter and more porous than lime, which prevents a significant increase in thermal conductivity. The present work of my PhD is an experimental study of the compressive and shearing behavior of hemp concrete, in order to study the load-bearing capacity and bracing of this bio based material, while maintaining good qualities of thermal insulation in building. Two compacted formulations were tested M1 & M4, as well as samples obtained from trade-blocks Chanvribloc®. Two series of tests were performed. The first one is a uniaxial compression test in each direction for characterizing the mechanical anisotropy of the material. This anisotropy is induced by the compacting process. The second one permits to characterize the shearing behavior of the different mix-designs. In this study, an original shear device was developed, specifically designed for this kind of material, which allows shearing under controlled normal stress. An image processing performed was carried out, using a camera and ARAMIS image processing software during shear tests, to evaluate the fields of deformations and to study the behavior of the specimen during the shear test. The compressive experiments results have shown that this material is anisotropic, even when it is industrially molded by vibrations. The material has a transverse isotropic behavior. The behavior in the longitudinal direction is characterized by very high ductility, while the transverse behavior is very brittle, with a highly variable and unsteady behavior. The experimental results in shear show a high ductility of this material. These results are very promising, an interesting behavior of LHC walls in term of potential bracing. Numerical modeling and applications have been carried out to illustrate the use of hemp concrete blocks for bracing buildings. The formulation M4 exhibits a better behavior under moderate and average seismic actions, compared to the formulation M1, while the Chanvribloc walls in the present state do not allowthe buildings to be braced in moderate or medium seismic zones
Vanhove, Yannick. "Contribution à l'étude du frottement d'un béton autoplaçant contre une surface métallique : application aux poussées contre les coffrages." Artois, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ARTO0203.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis is to investigate the friction of fresh concrete with metallic formwork. A specially designed tribometer was developed to investigate such friction and was adapted for various types of concrete mixtures. The originality of this work lies mainly in the fact that it concerns a commonly used material for wich the friction against the forming surface has not been sufficiently investigated. A new approach is used in this study to predict the lateral pressure induced by the fresh concrete pressure. A particular interest is the formwork pressure exerted by highly flowable concrete, or self-compacting concrete. When the concrete is cast into place, a limit interface layer reduces the frictional stresses with the formwork material. When the pressure applied on the concrete is greater than a certain critical pressure, some of the cement particles and fines come into direct contact with the formwork material, and the concrete begins to follow a granular comportment. This leads to greater increase in friction stress which varies with the flow velocity between the rising fresh concrete and formwork material. When a demoulding agent is applied at the interface, the friction stress depends mainly on the physico-chimical characteristics of the resulting film of paste at the interface. In certain cases, these agents can maintain the integrity of the limit layer near the wall surface. This allows, during the flow of the plastic concrete, to reduce the friction at the wall compared to similar situation where a demoulding agent is not used. Well established models used for silos were used to predict the formwork pressure exerted by fresh concrete. Similary between the evolution of concrete pressure and ensiled granular mediums one was observed on site, though the strains are different. From these observations, several models derived from Janssen's model, have been proposed. The model adapted in the case of fresh concrete allows the prediction with satisfaction formwork pressure. This study can therefore enable the used of the designed tribometer to test a variety of material and placement parameters to predict formwork pressure instead of large-scale and often expensive field tests
Drizi, Said. "Contribution à l'étude du comportement des voiles porteurs en béton banche vis-à-vis des sollicitations sismiques." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066077.
Full textHeinfling, Grégory. "Contribution à la modélisation numérique du comportement du béton et des structures en béton armé sous sollicitations thermo-mécaniques à hautes températures." Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAL0002.
Full textThis work concerns the development of a numerical model for concrete under tire or nuclear accident conditions. Within the temperature range concerned (20°C-1200°C), the behavior of concrete is affected by the physical and chemical changes of its microstructure. Within the framework of an uncoupled thermo mechanical analysis, the phenomena that have to be accounted for are the temperature dependency of the thermal and mechanical properties of concrete as well as the dependency of the response of concrete on the combined thermal and mechanical loading history. A thermo plasticity based model is proposed for the compressive and the cracking behavior of concrete. The irreversible variations of the properties of concrete are introduced. A multisurface plasticity criterion which accounts for the increasing sensitivity of compressive strength to hydrostatic pressure is developed. The pathological mesh dependency of the numerical solution is partially solved with help of the Hillerborg method. A phenomenological model is used for the evaluation of the thermo mechanical interaction strains. Structures submitted to high temperatures are analyzed. The capability of the model to describe the load and temperature history dependency of the response is checked. The effects of different hypotheses concerning the evolution of the fracture energy of concrete are studied. The behavior of a nuclear power plant raft in accidental conditions is analyzed. The results emphasize the importance of the thermo mechanical interaction on the predicted behavior of the structures. A contribution to the analysis of the spalling of concrete at high temperatures is proposed. The concrete is modeled within the framework of the mechanics of porous media. The thermoplastic model is a pp lied to the analysis of the skeleton through the effective stress. A simplified method for the evaluation of pore pressures and Biot coefficient is proposed and the behavior of concrete specimens is analyzed
Bou, Said Elias. "Contribution à la modélisation des effets différés du bois et du béton sous conditions climatiques variables : application aux structures mixtes bois-béton." Lyon, INSA, 2003. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2003ISAL0017/these.pdf.
Full textThe long term serviceability of timber and concrete structures subjected to moisture variations is influenced by many coupled hydromechanical phenomena. The underestimation of the induced time-dependent effects may cause large deflections, stress redistributions, cracks or even delayed failure. Improving structures durability goes through an accurate prediction of delayed strains. The objective of this work is to develop an efficient numerical tool able to describe shrinkage, creep and time dependent failure of wood, concrete and composite structures
Nazé, Pierre-Alain. "Contribution à la prédiction du dommage des structures en béton armé sous sollicitations sismiques : proposition d'amélioration pour l'évaluation de la nocivité d'un signal et du dommage pour les structures à ossatures : introduction à l'analyse fiabiliste de l'endommagement en fonction de la nocivité d'un signal sismique." Lyon, INSA, 2004. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2004ISAL0078/these.pdf.
Full textSince prediction of earthquake still remains impossible, foreseeing structural damages due to seismic motion has become a key point in earthquake engineering. This work aims at evaluating the relevance of classical seismic signal damaging potential indices and at proposing improvement of these indices in order to provide better prediction of structural damage due to earthquake. The first part supplies a non exhaustive state of the art of main Damaging Potential Indices IP and Damage Indices ID used in earthquake engineering. In the second part, IP/ID correlations results are analysed in order to evaluate IP relevance, to justify displacement based approach use (capacity spectrum method) for damage prediction and to make good the proposal for improvement of Damaging Potential Index. But studding seismic signal damaging potential is usually not enough to foresee damage firstly because scalar representation of damaging potential is not easy to link to physics reality and secondly because of damage scattering often observed for a single value of seismic signal damaging potential. In the same way, a single damage index value may correspond to very different structural damage states. Hence, this work carries on with a contribution to damage index reliability improvement, able to detect real structural damage appearance as well as to quantify this damage by associating the distance between one structural sate and the structural collapse, defined as an instability
Paradis, François. "Analyse du comportement structural d'un composite mince en béton. : nalyse du comportement structural du canoë de béton." Thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2004/21701/21701.pdf.
Full textThis thesis presents bares the analyses of Laval University’s Apogee 2002 concrete canoe. The predominant objective is to investigate and understand the canoe’s reaction under various loading patterns. A second objective is to elaborate design criteria for these types of structures. These criteria and comprehension of the structural behavior will be used for the upcoming canoes. These objectives are achieved coalescing experimentation and modeling. The present work begins with the elaboration of the concrete design used for Apogee’s construction. The characterization of the physical and mechanical properties of the composites used in the structure follows. Additionally, the sub-structures of the canoe and the entire canoe’s structural reaction analyses are predicted fulfilled using a finite element software. Finally, in-situ tests are performed on the canoe and the results compared to that obtained with the numerical model. The experimentation comprised both static and dynamic tests. Dynamic testing is used to determine the strain amplification due to paddling and turning. The design criteria are determined and presented according to the results obtained from the finite element software followed by experimentation.
Inscrit au Tableau d'honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures
Raphael, Wassim. "Étude fiabiliste du fluage des structures en béton armé et précontraint." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ECAP0878.
Full textDelemontey, Yvan. "Le béton assemblé : préfabriquer la France de l’après-guerre (1940-1955)." Paris 8, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083273.
Full textIn French cities after the Second World War, reconstruction heralded a rethink in the scale of building along with the rise of a novel, state-run form of construction management. The State, requiring vast numbers of homes to be built, set about industrialising the means of production, transforming irrevocably a building sector long wedded to ancestral habits. The result was a particularly French solution: prefabricated concrete. A cross between the hegemony of material and an infatuation with new production methods, this solution made the construction process the designer's central preoccupation. This thesis begins by looking at the position of prefabrication within the discourse of the immediate post-war era. It then considers the impact of foreign influences, especially those of the American "scene", on the modernisation of building methods and techniques. It then considers prefab development diachronically: it shows how, in an early phase (1940-49), a lack of resources stimulated astonishing progress as prefabrication broke away from the metals industry - its traditional partner - and became instead inseparable from the masonry sector; and it highlights the role of prefabrication, during a later phase marked by growing improvement in the nation's economic and material welfare (1949-1955), in the structural paradigm shift that occurred in housing at the turn of the decade
Colina, Horacio Enrique. "Maitrise de la fissuration de peau du béton : étude géométrique et modelisation." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ENPC9215.
Full textBencheikh, Mohamed. "Connexion acier-béton : comportement au cisaillement et à l'arrachement des ancrages dans le béton à différentes températures de 20 à 550° C." Lyon, INSA, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ISAL0055.
Full textImberdis, Claude. "Conception assistée de structures en bois : détermination des assemblages." Besançon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BESA2011.
Full textDuballet, Romain. "Systèmes constructifs en fabrication additive de matériaux cimentaires." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC1011.
Full textThis work addresses a particular topic of automation in construction called 3D concrete printing, or additive manufacturing of cementitious materials. It proposes new manufacturing techniques, other than casting or projection, making use of programmed robots to progressively bring the material where it needs to be, without traditional moulds. The associated promises are thus waste reduction, speed and versatility. More precisely we focus on extrusion techniques, they are inspired from a rapid prototyping approach called fused deposition modeling that consists in stacking laces of fresh mortar onto each other to form a three dimensional object.With such a technique, it is possible to "print" the walls of a house inside a gantry structure. This is the main idea proposed today, with promises of productivity, speed and labor cost reduction. This gained popularity in the past few years, businesses and academic projects were born all over the world, research being mostly focused on rheology and mortar formulation. The question of actual usage of such techniques is rarely placed at the center of discussion, whereas it is not clear yet how they will penetrate the market, and more importantly which among the many possible printing processes are more suited to be associated with complete building systems.The house printing idea is a direct and metaphoric transposition of the rapid prototyping method to a larger scale. With the current strategies, involving materials with high cement content, printing a single house in the form of straight or slightly curved walls can be seen as an environmental absurdity. To become a real solution to current housing issues, concrete printing has to bring significant innovation. It is not yet clear if productivity increase will be sufficient to do so. However, if new building products, of novel performances, could be made at a reasonable cost with such techniques, they could become a substantial addition to the building industry. The two courses of action are again material composition and geometry. Provided a very "poor" material is printable, massive straight wall houses can become competitive. Otherwise, material consumption can be decreased by printing walls with a complex and light internal structure. In chapter 4 we have proposed a potential solution to make lighter space structures for single house walls. Chapter 5 is dedicated to its prototyping.Apart from housing, the other main fields of application for building systems with robotic extrusion are infrastructures and public works. Some bridges have already been built. Specific underground structures have also been printed and installed in France, see figure below. For those sectors, complex geometrical context and specificity of prefabricated objects can account for 3D printing perhaps more easily than for housing. Surface finish and second work can indeed become less crucial, while productivity gains can be easily obtained.This work is divided in four chapters, and goes from theoretical to experimental. In chapter 2 we try to circumscribe our topic, namely robotic extrusion for automation in construction, through a state of the art report and some definition attempts. Many strategies are indeed possible to print cementitious materials, and can greatly differ in terms of physical phenomena at stake in the material or technology. This brings us to the subsequent question of actual building systems based on such printing processes. In chapter 3 we propose a classification method, to explore some possible approaches. The goal of this work is to shift the current discussion from the "house printing" approach to a generalized understanding of automated building systems with cementitious extrusion
Dias, de Moraes Poliana. "Influence de la température sur les assemblages bois." Nancy 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NAN10157.
Full textThe more generalized use of wood for building raises concern for fire safety. The current standards require the structure stability for a minimum time to ensure the building evacuation and the fire fight. Considering that the fire endurance of wood is well-known, the stability requirement is mainly reduced to the understanding of the behaviour of wood joints on fire. The aim of this work is to study the behaviour of single-dowel timber joints and it is divided into three parts. The first part is a study of the influence of temperature on the modulus of elasticity and on the embedding strength in a range between 20 and 300 °C. In the second part the wood charring and the influence of a metallic dowel embedded in wood, is studied. In the third part, the fire behaviour of single-dowel wood joints is tackled. The first two studies have provided mechanical and thermal data to allow the development of a model to simulate the joint behaviour and its fire endurance before fracture
Benboudjema, Farid. "Modélisation des déformations différées du béton sous sollicitations biaxiales : application aux enceintes de confinement de bâtiments réacteurs des centrales nucléaires." Marne-la-Vallée, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MARN0152.
Full textThe prediction of delayed strains is of crucial importance for durability and long-term serviceability of concrete structures (bridges, containment vessels of nuclear power plants, etc. ). Indeed, creep and shrinkage cause cracking, losses of pre-stress and redistribution of stresses, and also, rarely, the ruin of the structure. The objective of this work is to develop numerical tools, able to predict the long-term behavior of concrete structures. Thus, a new hydro mechanical model is developed, including the description of drying, shrinkage, creep and cracking phenomena for concrete as a nonsaturated porous medium. The modeling of drying shrinkage is based on an unified approach of creep and shrinkage. Basic and drying creep models are based on relevant chemo-physical mechanisms, which occur at different scales of the cement paste. The basic creep is explicitly related to the micro-diffusion of the adsorbed water between interhydrates and intrahydrates and the capillary pores, and the sliding of the C-S-H gel at the nano-porosity level. The drying creep is induced by the micro-diffusion of the adsorbed water at different scales of the porosity, under the simultaneous effects of drying and mechanical loadings. Drying shrinkage is, therefore, assumed to result from the elastic and delayed response of the solid skeleton, submitted to both capillary and disjoining pressures. Furthermore, the cracking behavior of concrete is described by an orthotropic elastoplastic damage model. The coupling between all these phenomena is performed by using effective stresses which account for both external applied stresses and pore pressures
Mallat, Amjad. "Phénomènes de dégradation des ouvrages anciens, techniques et matériaux de réhabilitation." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ECAP1111.
Full textDubé, Jean-François. "Modélisation simplifiée et comportement visco-endomageable des structures en béton : applications aux séismes et aux choc des ouvrages en béton armé." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DENS0021.
Full textIstanbouli, Ali. "Etude et optimisation des cycles Gros-œuvre pour la réalisation des bâtiments en béton armé." Chambéry, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CHAMS010.
Full textA plan which is to be useful for a process in the future should be a forecast of the best way to carry out that process. In mulit-storey building this objective is usually achieved by the efficient use of resoureces and depends on the definition of an appropriate plan of repetitive cycle (typical floor network). The typical floor network involves idnetical activities repeated consecutively from one floor to the next. The sequence of works in this type of construction is controlled by many technical constraints. Some of thesconstraints are between works executed on the same stage (horozontal constraints), and some of them are between works executed on different stages (vertical constraints)
Fichant, Stéphanie. "Endommagement et anisotropie induite du béton de structures : modélisations approchées." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DENS0015.
Full textEl, Hachem Ibrahim Rana. "Etude multi-critères de la dégradation des matériaux cimentaires par l'attaque sulfatique externe." Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ECDN0027.
Full textDurability became an important criterion to take into account when designing concrete structures. Particularly those built in aggressive aqueous media and subjected to chemical attacks such as sulphates, which are known for their destructive ability on cementitious materials. The objective of this work is to establish a representative test for the field conditions and to propose a relevant study to evaluate the effect of these parameters on the performance of cementitious materials subjected to an external sulphate attack (ESA). In this frame, we focused on the exposure’s conditions like the sulphate concentration of the surrounding solution, the exposure time and pre-conditioning, and we will study the parameters related to the material properties such as the type of cement, the properties of the cement matrix, the curing conditions and the mineral additions. The different measures and analyses (SEM, TGA, Porosimetry) show that gypsum has a destructive and expansive character as well as ettringite. The saturation degree has also an important influence on the kinetics and on the degradation scenario. In order to understand the degradation mechanism and analyse the behaviour of the material throughout the attack, we propose the numerical modelling of the phenomenon. We propose an improvement for Tixier & Mobasher model on the damage level. This model is then implemented in Comsol Multiphysics’, finite element software to follow the propagation of the concentration and degradation fronts. These numerical results on sulphate diffusion and expansive product formation are promising
Xuefeng, Wu. "Modélisation numérique de la fissuration du béton à partir d'une approche probabiliste." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ENPC9118.
Full textOstrowski, Christopher. "Auscultation des ouvrages en béton par thermographie infrarouge active et passive." Artois, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ARTO0210.
Full textThis work deals with the study of infrared thermography as a non destructive testing method in order to detect defect in concrete buildings. First time, the aim is to detect tendons and empty duct and characterise the thermal diffusivity of reinforced concrete by active thermography. Pulsed Phase Thermography (PPT) is used to increase the detection by the analyse of phase images in low frequencies. The thermal diffusivity is identified by iterative inverse method Gauss Seidel and numerical model. This method minimise the sum of a least square function defined as the difference between measurements and a model results. Based on an exhaustive study of sensitive coefficients, the experimental mode is optimally designed. Second time, by passive thermography, we try to detect flaws under concrete slabs using time sequential thermography. To obtain accuracy location, the thermal images are associated to a topographical reference
Ragueneau, Frédéric. "Fonctionnement dynamique des structures en béton : influence des comportements hystériques locaux." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DENS0001.
Full textDelhumeau, Gwenaël. "Hennebique et la construction en béton armé, 1892-1914 : des brevets aux matériaux." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040184.
Full textAyed, Abderrahmen. "Méthode d'étude mécanique et physico-chimique de l'interface acier béton." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30329.
Full textHamouine, Abdelmadjid. "Contribution à l'étude de l'adhérence acier-béton de hautes performances." Toulouse, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAT0009.
Full textUlm, Franz-Josef. "Modélisation élastoplastique avec endommagement du béton de structure. Application aux calculs statiques et dynamiques de structures en béton armé et béton précontraint." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529366.
Full textFakri, Abdennasser. "Conception, modélisation et simulation de la structure compliante passive DCR pour robot d'assemblage." Lyon, INSA, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985ISAL0037.
Full textAmongst manufacturing tasks, assembly operations seem to be the most ticklish to robotize. The first part of this dissertation presents general considerations on that problem and gives the state of the art on the subject, under a classification form, which we wanted as systematic as possible and the most exhaustive. These considerations lead us to conceive a n original passive compliant device, provided with two rotations centres, which we called "DCR-LAI system". The second part of our thesis i s devoted to the description of that compliant structure and its working principles. We also give some experimental results related to measures of constraints appearing during a given example of insertion. The analysis of these results allows us to verify our hypothesis, and shows the working particularities of our device. The last part of our thesis gives a mathematical model of geometrical and dynamical behaviour of our compliant structure, which permits the simulation , of the evolution of contact constraints between pin and bore during insertion. Such a simulation may be used as a decision and for the choice of a compliant device with regards to characteristics of parts to assemble
Ouglova, Anna. "Etude du comportement mécanique des structures en béton armé atteintes par la corrosion." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DENS0034.
Full textIn the reinforced concrete structures, by nature, the reinforcing steel is covered with a protective film consisted of iron oxides. Penetration of aggressive externat agents can destabilize the film and initiale corrosion. When the layer of corrosion products grows around of the steel, loss of the rebat cross-section which is transformed into rust, decrease of rebat ductility, cracking and delamination of the concrete and loss of bond between concrete and reinforcement can be observed. The mechanical load capacity decreases and the ruin mechanism of concrete structures can change. The necessity is Io understand phenomena due to corrosion in order to perform a re-evaluation of the service lifetime of the reinforced concrete structures attacked by the corrosion
Ketata, Mahmoud. "Construction d'un modèle élastique fragile anisotrope endommagé en traction-torsion." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1991. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T1451_mketata.pdf.
Full textMedjahed, Djafer. "Comportement mécanique des assemblages tubes sur sphères en construction métallique : calcul numérique et validation expérimentale." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR30005.
Full textThis research work deals with some aspects of the mechanical behaviour of a welded steel connection between a circular cross section element and a hollow steel sphere which is to be used in future steel constructions. The problem has not been studied yet and there are consequently needs in design recommandations for the assembly as part of a structure under predominant loading. Our approach in meeting this consists of a limited series of laboratory tests and a parametric numerical analysis using the finite element method. The results obtained by means of numerical modelling show good agreement with experimental results under both axial compression loading and bending moment until the maximum carrying load is reached. Tests show that failure occurs without cracking and is due to developping plastic strain near the joint of the connection. After analysing the stress distribution the finite element model, it was concluded that a suspected failure mechanism may be worked out by means of the limit analysis of shells of revolution. Based on the kinematical theorem a model is proposed in ordered to predict the limit load under compressive axial force and bending moment for a given configuration of the connection. Calculated limit load by the proposed formulae agreed quite well with experimental and numerical results
Phan, Thanh Song. "Modélisation numérique de l'interface acier-béton : application au comportement des structures en béton renforcées par des aciers plats crantés." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00788282.
Full textArsenault, Guillaume. "ÉTUDE DIAGNOSTIQUE D'UNE STRUCTURE EN BÉTON, PRÉCONTRAINTE PAR POST-TENSION." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27528/27528.pdf.
Full textThis work has been possible due to collaboration between the Ministère des Transports du Québec and the Centre de Recherche sur les Infrastructures en Béton de Université Laval at the restructuration of Dufferin-Montmorency overpass. The demolition of structures that haven’t reached their total service life time allowed the production of a great quantity of information on a prestressed structure of the Quebecer road network. In chapter 5, observations on prestressed structures have been grouped. This kind of information is, most of time, unavailable on an existing structure due to impossible inspection. In chapter 7, a classification of different exposure conditions of the inspected structural elements is showed as well as a numerical technique for predicting the time before corrosion starts. The last two chapters relate discussions on the actual state of this structure which is particular because one section has never been exposed to traffic.