Dissertations / Theses: 'Construction of the cooperative'

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Wang, Zhongkui. "Cooperative Construction." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1247238427.

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Donley, John Mauck. "COOPERATIVE CONSTRUCTION IN SCHOOLS IN CALIFORNIA." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1332.

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Cooperative Construction in Schools in California John M. Donley The construction industry has lost efficiency since 1964, while becoming increasingly more litigious. Schools in California can ill afford the time to allow the construction industry time to fully evolve. It may take years or decades to fully improve the efficiency of, and reduce the conflict within the construction industry. At the same time, the construction industry has developed new processes to improve efficiency and reduce conflict. These processes are beginning to be broadly embraced by the industry. They all contain cooperative elements. Taken together they represent a new organizing principle for the construction industry, cooperative construction. Also concurrently, a previously little-used provision of the California Education Code allows schools freedom to contract for school construction in nearly any reasonable contractual arrangement they see fit for their project and district needs. As a result, school districts in California have developed a new system of project delivery. They are borrowing from here and there and inventing new tools to make projects work for them. Again, cooperative elements at the hearts of the processes.

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Willett, David. "Barriers to cooperative governance in the construction industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36528.

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Powers, Simon T. "Social niche construction : evolutionary explanations for cooperative group formation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/171655/.

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Cooperative behaviours can be defined as those that benefit others at an apparent cost to self. How these kinds of behaviours can evolve has been a topic of great interest in evolutionary biology, for at first sight we would not expect one organism to evolve to help another. Explanations for cooperation rely on the presence of a population structure that clusters cooperators together, such that they enjoy the benefits of each others' actions. But, the question that has been left largely unaddressed is, how does this structure itself evolve? If we want to really explain why organisms cooperate, then we need to explain not just their adaptation to their social environment, but why they live in that environment. It is well-known that individual genetic traits can affect population structure; an example is extracellular matrix production by bacteria in a biofilm. Yet, the concurrent evolution of such traits with social behaviour is very rarely considered. We show here that social behaviour can exert indirect selection pressure on population structure-modifying traits, causing individuals to adaptively modify their population structure to support greater cooperation. Moreover, we argue that any component of selection on structure modifying traits that is due to social behaviour must be in the direction of increased cooperation; that component of selection cannot be in favour of the conditions for greater selfishness. We then examine the conditions under which this component of selection on population structure exists. Thus, we argue that not only can population structure drive the evolution of cooperation, as in classical models, but that the benefits of greater cooperation can in turn drive the evolution of population structure - a positive feedback process that we call social niche construction. We argue that this process is necessary in providing an adaptive explanation for some of the major transitions in evolution (such as from single- to multi- celled organisms, and from solitary insects to eusocial colonies). Any satisfactory account of these transitions must explain how the individuals came to live in a population structure that supported high degrees of cooperation, as well as showing that cooperation is individually advantageous given that structure.

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Eriksson, Per-Erik. "Efficient governance of construction projects through cooperative procurement procedures." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Innovation och Design, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-17569.

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The purpose of this research is to increase the understanding of how efficient governance of construction projects can be achieved through appropriate procurement procedures. In this PhD project, literature reviews, a pre-study, a longitudinal case study and a survey study have been conducted in order to investigate five research questions and thereby fulfil the research purpose. The main theoretical field in this thesis is transaction cost economics, which forms the basis of the developed conceptual procurement model. Other literature fields that have been reviewed are: game theory, innovation, partnering, industrial buying behaviour and principal-agent theory. All these different theories and fields of literature have one thing in common: they are all well suited to analysing different aspects of buyer-supplier relationships.The research presented in this thesis contributes to theory and practice in four main ways. 1) The developed conceptual procurement model adds knowledge to transaction cost economics through a broad process perspective that makes it possible to describe how governance prescriptions can be achieved by suitable procurement procedures. The model also contributes to procurement practice since it may be utilised as a useful framework, guiding procurement decisions in order to tailor procurement procedures to transaction characteristics. In this way it increases the understanding of how to procure different types of projects in order to facilitate efficient governance. 2) The survey study shows that the current procurement procedures used by Swedish construction clients are still of the traditional type, facilitating governance forms focusing on price and authority, which according to the conceptual model are unsuitable in construction transactions. This finding can hopefully serve as an alert to practitioners that their procurement procedures have become obsolete due to the increased complexity and uncertainty of construction projects. 3) The case illustrations and the structural equation model show that cooperative procurement procedures facilitate the establishment of cooperation and thereby efficient governance of complex, customised and lengthy construction projects with high uncertainty. These procedures are therefore more suitable and up to date than the most common ones. 4) A side effect of this research is a suggestion of how to look upon the concept of partnering. The research results suggest that different governance forms are facilitated through different procurement procedures. An indirect finding is therefore that partnering can be viewed as a cooperative governance form, which is facilitated through cooperative procurement procedures. The TCE-perspective of this definition makes sure that partnering is not used for its own sake, but only to achieve efficient governance, tailored to the characteristics of the transaction.
Syftet med detta doktorandprojekt är att öka kunskapen om hur effektiv styr- ning av byggprojekt kan uppnås genom lämpliga upphandlingsmetoder. I dok- torandprojektet har litteraturundersökningar, en förstudie, en longitudinell fall-studie och en enkätstudie genomförts för att undersöka fem forskningsfrågor och därmed uppnå syftet med forskningen. Den huvudsakliga teoretiska refe-rensramen består av transaktionskostnadsekonomi, på vilken den utvecklade konceptuella upphandlingsmodellen är baserad. Andra teorier och litteraturom-råden som undersökts är: spelteori, innovation, partnering, industriellt inköps- beteende samt principal-agent teori. Dessa teorier och litteraturområden har en sak gemensamt: de är alla väl lämpade för att undersöka olika aspekter av af-färsrelationer mellan köpare och säljare. Forskningen som presenteras i denna avhandling har resulterat i fyra hu- vudsakliga bidrag till teori och praktik. 1) Upphandlingsmodellen tillför kun-skap till transaktionskostnadsekonomin genom ett brett pocessperspektiv som gör det möjligt att beskriva hur teoretiskt föreskrivna styrningsformer kan upp-nås genom lämpliga upphandlingsmetoder. Modellen ger även ett praktiskt bi-drag eftersom den kan användas som en guide för hur upphandlingsmetoder bör skräddarsys till olika transaktionskaraktäristika. På så vis ökar modellen kunskapen om hur olika typer av byggprojekt bör upphandlas för att främja effektiv projektstyrning. 2) Enkätstudien visar att svenska beställares nuvaran-de upphandlingsmetoder fortfarande är av traditionell typ som främjar projekt-styrning med fokus på pris och auktoritet, vilket enligt upphandlingsmodellen är olämpligt för byggprojekt. Detta resultat kan förhoppningsvis fungera som en väckarklocka för beställare att deras upphandlingsmetoder har blivit föråld-rade på grund av ökad komplexitet och osäkerhet i nutida byggprojekt. 3) Fall- studien och den strukturella ekvationsmodellen visar att samverkansinriktade upphandlingsmetoder främjar skapandet av förtroende och samarbete och där-med effektiv styrning av stora, komplexa och kundanpassade byggprojekt med stor osäkerhet. Sådana samverkansinriktade upphandlingsmetoder är därmed mer lämpliga och anpassade till dagens projekt än de vanligaste upphandlings-metoderna. 4) En bieffekt av denna forskning är ett förslag på hur partnering-begreppet bör uppfattas och definieras. Enligt modellen uppnås olika projekt-styrningsformer genom olika upphandlingsmetoder. Partnering bör därmed ses som en samverkansinriktad projektstyrningsform som uppnås genom använ-dandet av samverkansinriktade upphandlingsmetoder. Definitionens transak- tionskostnadsekonomiska perspektiv säkerställer att partnering inte används för sin egen skull, utan enbart i syfte att uppnå en effektiv projektstyrning som är skräddarsydd till transaktionskaraktäristika
Godkänd; 2007; 20071012 (ysko)

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Zhang, Yu, and 张钰. "An investigation on cooperative behaviors in the Chinese construction industry." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/194621.

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The construction industry is full of kinds of claims, disputes, adversarial confrontation and bad performance. Therefore, cooperative behaviors among the contracting parties on the project are very critical to the success of the project, but to some extent it is hard to attain certain level of cooperation. The reality of the construction industry is that, the projects are normally implemented by the temporary project organizations formed by the contracting parties having different interests, which would lead to complicated project environment during the whole project life. Meanwhile, the prevalent evaluation criteria of project success just put emphases on the final project outcomes, especially project schedule and project cost. This reality truly leads to the situation of self-consideration of their own interests, not the success of the whole project, which is detrimental to the development of cooperative behaviors among the contracting parties. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the current state of the construction industry on the Mainland China, and further propose a framework which can resolve the current problems and promote the cooperative behaviors. This study wishes to develop the principles for the branch of knowledge of construction management, which mainly focuses on the issues of contracting and project management. In this study, three theories (Resource-Based View, Transaction Cost Economics and Relational Contract) are adopted to form a combined theoretical foundation for analyzing the current problems and proposing a theoretical framework for cooperation in the construction industry. This study investigates the level of cooperative behaviors among the contracting parties through analyzing the behaviors of the individual members among different functional groups on the project. Cooperation is considered as the behaviors which can facilitate the achievement of the project objectives, and can be categorized into four sub-dimensions for detailed examination. The complicated project characteristics and the constant adaptation among the contracting parties bring about the requirement of analyzing the process-based issues of cooperative behaviors. Through the adoption of the questionnaire survey and the semi-structured interview, the antecedents of and the alternative tactics for cooperative behaviors are investigated. As a result, based on the research findings, a theoretical model for cooperative behaviors has been proposed. Both the research findings confirm the first priority of self-expressive motives (attitude and value) for the development of cooperative behaviors. Compared with self-expressive motives, the influence of the incentives/sanctions mechanism is not strong. In addition, the collectivism-individualism construct also demonstrate more on cooperative behaviors than the incentives/sanctions mechanism. Meanwhile, the status construct (within-group status and group status) shows significant relationships with the attitude and value of the individual group members. The sub-dimensions of interactional justice and procedural justice significantly influence the individuals’ status evaluation and the assessment of the results and the fairness of the incentives/sanctions mechanism.
published_or_final_version
Real Estate and Construction
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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Nuesse, Gregor. "Development of an integrated management model for effective applications of cooperative construction research." Thesis, Kingston University, 2013. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/28393/.

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Research management attracts attention of varying intensity within different innovation areas. Whereas in product development efficient management of the whole process is seen as a prerequisite for success, the need for management in pre-competitive applied research is often questioned. If the construction sector is examined, its specific innovation characteristics provide additional obstacles to the achievement of innovation success. Moreover, current research topics focusing on individual technical phenomena have been shifting towards those with a holistic approach, resulting inevitably in interdisciplinary research. The thesis thus aims to develop a holistic management model for pre-competitive applied research in the construction sector, with the focus on steel construction. The study demonstrates the need for increased use of innovation initiators from politics, society and complementary steel user sectors and the formation of networks across the construction supply chain. For the project phase optimization potential is demonstrated in efforts to realize the exchange of technical information and joint creation of knowledge between science and industry. The holistic management model developed offers scope to implement such approaches to improvement while facilitating a repeatable path to project success. A key model component is the innovation broker, through whom from idea generation to results transfer project success is prepared and supported at differing action levels and with all participants integrated. A project-related Community of Practice is additionally used to implement non-contractual project integration prioritized by industry. The model is also evaluated using current European developments for optimizing research management. Testing within an interdisciplinary research cluster project in the construction sector confirms its readiness for application while revealing further development potential. On this basis recommendations are given on the model’s introduction in the management of applied research in structural engineering. The thesis meets the requirement of responding to practical problems while expanding the theoretical understanding of research management.

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Favarim, Eliane Aparecida. "O papel do cooperado no processo de construção da Copagril." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2010. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/2274.

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Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:33:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eliane A Favarim.pdf: 603496 bytes, checksum: 92c8d785b020757b7c10f7928fae167f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-25
This work is dissertational result of a procedure of investigation, description and analysis of a case study. To this end, the object of research focuses on the relationship developed by the cooperative in the formation and development of Cooperativa Agroindustrial Copagril Rondon - Paraná. Our leadership in this development methodology, conducted the overall goal to learn, understand and analyze the movement of insertion of members of Copagril in decision-making in the cooperative condition. We directed our research while addressing the problem - to what extent, to assume the personality of cooperating in Copagril guarantees to members participating in decisions in effect deliberative spaces. We develop our thesis based on bibliographical research and the use of instrumental interview. We defined and selected 25 interviews as research subjects themselves members. This academic study referred us to the following conclusion: The Copagril acts vying for their market niche. Their decisions are taken in the same way the other competitors. Thus, farmers trigger movements of non-cooperative loyalty, denying founding elements of the meaning of cooperation.
Este trabalho dissertativo é resultado de um procedimento de averiguação, descrição e análise de um estudo de caso. Para tal, o objeto da pesquisa incide nas relações desenvolvidas pelos cooperados na constituição e desenvolvimento da Cooperativa Agroindustrial Copagril de Marechal Cândido Rondon Paraná. Nossa direção, neste desenvolvimento metodológico, conduziu o objetivo geral em aprender, compreender e analisar o movimento de inserção dos associados da Copagril na tomada de decisões na condição de cooperados. Direcionamos nossa pesquisa abordando enquanto problema em que medida, ao assumir a personalidade de cooperado na Copagril, garante aos membros associados participarem nas decisões efetivadas nos espaços deliberativos. Desenvolvemos nossa dissertação fundamentada na pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e no uso do instrumental entrevista. Delimitamos 25 entrevistas e elegemos como sujeitos da pesquisa os próprios cooperados. Este estudo acadêmico remeteu-nos à seguinte conclusão: A Copagril age disputando seu espaço no mercado. Suas decisões são tomadas da mesma forma das demais empresas concorrentes. Assim, os agricultores desencadeiam movimentos de não-fidelidade à cooperativa, negando elementos fundantes do significado de cooperado.

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Tong, Wenfei. "Causes and Consequences of Cooperative Construction in the Mice Mus spicilegus and Peromyscus polionotus." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10688.

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The cooperative construction of shared dwellings is a phylogenetically-widespread evolutionary puzzle. Shared shelters are common goods – all individuals in the shelter benefit, at the expense of those individuals that contribute to the construction. The evolution of cooperation requires existing variation for selection to act upon and genetic benefits to cooperators, through inclusive fitness or direct rewards. This study focuses on two genera of mice, Mus and Peromyscus, to examine shared construction and social monogamy as potential transitions to more sophisticated forms of sociality, such as cooperative breeding. The mound-building mouse (Mus spicilegus) is named for the large mounds that groups of mice build and beneath which they overwinter. Variation in mtDNA and 14 microsatellites show limited genetic structure across the geographic range of M. spicilegus. Mice from the same mound are more genetically related than mice from different mounds, and males and females associated with a mound are equally likely to be relatives. However in spring, when breeding begins, male kin are more likely to share a territory than are female kin. One possible interpretation is that males associate with kin to minimize the costs of being cuckolded, as this study finds evidence of multiple paternity in every litter genotyped. By increasing the chances of the cuckold being a brother, a male still gains inclusive fitness benefits from paternal care to extra-pair offspring in this socially monogamous species. Behavioral experiments show that another socially monogamous mouse species, the oldfield mouse (Peromyscus polionotus), can coordinate construction with unfamiliar, unrelated conspecifics. In contrast, two other closely related Peromyscus species do not dig longer burrows in pairs than they would have as individuals. Male-female P. polionotus pairs tend to dig longer burrows than pairs of the same sex, but males within opposite sex pairs do most of the digging, particularly when paired with an unfamiliar female. Male burrowing could be the product of female choice in this monogamous species. In M. spicilegus and P. polionotus, shared parental care and construction shed light on the evolution of cooperation and conflict.

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Wu, Victor Kai Yuen. "OFDM-based cooperative communications in a single path relay network and a multiple path relay network." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11092006-152421/.

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Bohman, Michael. "Department of Real Estate and Construction Managemen Centre for Building and Real Estate Economy." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-146884.

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Köpet av en bostadsrätt är för de flesta människor den största investering i deras liv. Som bostadsrättsinnehavare förvaltas huset och fastigheten av en bostadsrättsförening. För att finansiera driften och underhållet tar föreningen ut en avgift från bostadsrättsinnehavaren, en månadsavgift. Månadsavgiften, tillsammans med eventuella räntekostnader som uppstår om finansiering skett genom lån, utgör den sammanlagda boendekostnaden för bostadsrättsinnehavaren. Därför bör det vara av stor vikt att köparen försäkrar sig om att föreningen har god ekonomi och har skötts på ett bra sätt, för att undvika stora och oväntade höjningar av månadsavgiften vilket medför ökade boendekostnader. Den här uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka i vilken omfattning aktörer på bostadsmarknaden använder årsredovisningen som beslutsunderlag vid köpet av bostadsrätt samt att ge förslag på hur man kan göra årsredovisningen mer lättläst och förståelig. Data insamlades genom fastighetsekonomisk facklitteratur, myndigheter och organisationer som är verksamma inom området. Frågeställningarna ovan besvarades genom empiriska undersökningar i form av enkäter och intervjuer samt en jämförelsestudie av tre stycken bostadsrättsföreningar i Stockholms innerstad. Resultaten från enkäterna indikerade på att endast de med ekonomisk utbildning använde sig av och kunde tolka årsredovisningarna inför köpet av sin bostadsrätt. I de mer diskuterande intervjuerna framgick att även de med ekonomisk utbildning saknade kunskaperna som krävdes för att analysera föreningarnas årsredovisning på djupet, även om de hade större förståelse än de utan ekonomisk utbildning. Jämförelsestudien illustrerade hur nyckeltal kan användas för att analysera en bostadsrättsförenings ekonomiska status. Slutsatsen är att aktörer på bostadsrättsmarknaden utan ekonomisk utbildning inte använder sig av årsredovisningen som beslutsunderlag vid köp av bostadsrätter. De med ekonomisk utbildning använder sig av föreningens årsredovisning men saknar förmågan att analysera föreningens ekonomi på djupet. Uppsatsen föreslår att de behandlade nyckeltalen med tillhörande förklarande text bör presenteras i varje årsredovisning, förslagsvis under förvaltningsberättelsen. Det skulle medföra att samtliga aktörer på bostadsrättsmarknaden kan analysera föreningens ekonomi på djupet och försäkra sig om att göra ett välgrundat köp.
The purchase of a cooperative apartment is for most people the largest venture in their life. The housing cooperative is responsible for the running expenses and maintenance of the property and the house. To finance these costs, the owner of the cooperative apartment has to pay a monthly fee. The monthly fee, combined with possible interest costs if the apartment was funded by a loan, make the total accommodation cost for the cooperative apartment owner. Therefore it should be of importance to analyze the economic status of the housing cooperation prior the purchase. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the extent to which buyers use the annual reports of the housing cooperatives as decision-making material for the purchase, and provide suggestions on how to make the annual report more readable and understandable. Data were collected by literature, government agencies and other organizations in the real estate economic field. The questions above were answered through empirical research in the form of questionnaires and interviews, as well as a comparative study of three housing cooperatives in the inner city of Stockholm. The questionnaires indicates that only those with economic education made use of and could interpret the annual report when buying their cooperative apartment. The more discursive interviews showed that even those with economic education lacked the knowledge to analyze the association’s annual report in depth. The comparative study illustrated how key figures can be used to analyze the housing cooperative financial status. The conclusion is that actors on the cooperative apartment market that lack economic education does not use the annual reports at all as decision making materials. Even those with economic education lack the ability to analyze the housing cooperatives financial status in depth. The thesis suggests that the treated key figures with accompanying explanatory text should be presented in each annual report. It would mean that all actors in the cooperative apartment market could analyze the housing cooperation’s The purchase of a cooperative apartment is for most people the largest venture in their life. The housing cooperative is responsible for the running expenses and maintenance of the property and the house. To finance these costs, the owner of the cooperative apartment has to pay a monthly fee. The monthly fee, combined with possible interest costs if the apartment was funded by a loan, make the total accommodation cost for the cooperative apartment owner. Therefore it should be of importance to analyze the economic status of the housing cooperation prior the purchase. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the extent to which buyers use the annual reports of the housing cooperatives as decision-making material for the purchase, and provide suggestions on how to make the annual report more readable and understandable. Data were collected by literature, government agencies and other organizations in the real estate economic field. The questions above were answered through empirical research in the form of questionnaires and interviews, as well as a comparative study of three housing cooperatives in the inner city of Stockholm. The questionnaires indicates that only those with economic education made use of and could interpret the annual report when buying their cooperative apartment. The more discursive interviews showed that even those with economic education lacked the knowledge to analyze the association’s annual report in depth. The comparative study illustrated how key figures can be used to analyze the housing cooperative financial status. The conclusion is that actors on the cooperative apartment market that lack economic education does not use the annual reports at all as decision making materials. Even those with economic education lack the ability to analyze the housing cooperatives financial status in depth. The thesis suggests that the treated key figures with accompanying explanatory text should be presented in each annual report. It would mean that all actors in the cooperative apartment market could analyze the housing cooperation’s The purchase of a cooperative apartment is for most people the largest venture in their life. The housing cooperative is responsible for the running expenses and maintenance of the property and the house. To finance these costs, the owner of the cooperative apartment has to pay a monthly fee. The monthly fee, combined with possible interest costs if the apartment was funded by a loan, make the total accommodation cost for the cooperative apartment owner. Therefore it should be of importance to analyze the economic status of the housing cooperation prior the purchase. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the extent to which buyers use the annual reports of the housing cooperatives as decision-making material for the purchase, and provide suggestions on how to make the annual report more readable and understandable. Data were collected by literature, government agencies and other organizations in the real estate economic field. The questions above were answered through empirical research in the form of questionnaires and interviews, as well as a comparative study of three housing cooperatives in the inner city of Stockholm. The questionnaires indicates that only those with economic education made use of and could interpret the annual report when buying their cooperative apartment. The more discursive interviews showed that even those with economic education lacked the knowledge to analyze the association’s annual report in depth. The comparative study illustrated how key figures can be used to analyze the housing cooperative financial status. The conclusion is that actors on the cooperative apartment market that lack economic education does not use the annual reports at all as decision making materials. Even those with economic education lack the ability to analyze the housing cooperatives financial status in depth. The thesis suggests that the treated key figures with accompanying explanatory text should be presented in each annual report. It would mean that all actors in the cooperative apartment market could analyze the housing cooperation’s financial status in depth with ease.

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Glorieux, Emile. "Constructive cooperative coevolution for optimising interacting production stations." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för automationssystem, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-7685.

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Engineering problems have characteristics such as a large number of variables, non-linear, computationally expensive, complex and black-box (i.e. unknown internal structure). These characteristics prompt difficulties for existing optimisation techniques. A consequence of this is that the required optimisation time rapidly increases beyond what is practical. There is a needfor dedicated techniques to exploit the power of mathematical optimisation tosolve engineering problems. The objective of this thesis is to investigate thisneed within the field of automation, specifically for control optimisation ofautomated systems.The thesis proposes an optimisation algorithm for optimising the controlof automated interacting production stations (i.e. independent stations thatinteract by for example material handling robots). The objective of the optimisation is to increase the production rate of such systems. The non-separable nature of these problems due to the interactions, makes them hard to optimise.The proposed algorithm is called the Constructive Cooperative CoevolutionAlgorithm (C3). The thesis presents the experimental evaluation of C3, bothon theoretical and real-world problems. For the theoretical problems, C3 istested on a set of standard benchmark functions. The performance, robustness and convergence speed of C3 is compared with the algorithms. This shows that C3 is a competitive optimisation algorithm for large-scale non-separable problems.C3 is also evaluated on real-world industrial problems, concerning thecontrol of interacting production stations, and compared with other optimisation algorithms on these problems. This shows that C3 is very well-suited for these problems. The importance of considering the energy consumption and equipment wear, next to the production rate, in the objective function is also investigated. This shows that it is crucial that these are considered to optimise the overall performance of interacting production stations.

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Wojcik, Paul. "An investigation in journal writing and cooperative learning with 8th grade geometry students in the construction of proof." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5083.

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This action research study summarizes the investigation of journal writing and cooperative grouping with 8th grade geometry students in the construction of proof. Students written responses to prompts in journals were analyzed over the course of twelve weeks. Case studies of four students were developed from the researchers' three geometry classes. All four students in the study participated in an academic program called Pre International Baccalaureate Preparation. Standardized test scores and an attitude scale categorized the four students. The ATMAT survey (Appendix A) measured each student's attitude toward mathematics. Writing prompts focused on the students' perceptions of the group process in constructing proofs and the development of geometric proof. The results suggested the students were engaged in learning within their cooperative groups but they also desired individual time before coming to a group setting. In addition, students' written responses to journal prompts may provide an informal assessment and help students convey their own understanding of proof before any formal assessments.
ID: 029809427; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 92-95).
M.Ed.
Masters
Teaching and Learning Principles
Education
K-8 Math and Science

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King, Thelma C. "Post-secondary students' and work-site supervisors' perceptions of diversity experiences and needs of students in a school-to-work transition program." Diss., This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-162247/.

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Anvuur, Aaron Maano. "Cooperation in construction projects : concept, antecedents and strategies /." Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40887650.

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Bai, Jingwen. "Constructive relay based cooperative routing in mobile ad hoc networks." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2016. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/24551.

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Mobile Ad hoc networks (MANETs) are flexible networks that transmit packets node-by-node along a route connecting a given source and destination. Frequent link breaks (due to node mobility) and quick exhaustion of energy (due to limited battery capacity) are two major problems impacting on the flexibility of MANETs. Cooperative communication is a key concept for improving the system lifetime and robustness and has attracted considerable attention. As a result, there is much published research concerning how to utilize cooperative communication in a MANET context. In the past few years, most cooperative technologies have focused on lower layer enhancements, such as with the Physical Layer and MAC Layer, and have become very mature. At the Network Layer, although some research has been proposed, issues still remain such as the lack of a systematically designed cooperative routing scheme (including route discovery, route reply, route enhancement and cooperative data forwarding), the use of cooperative communication for mobility resilience, and route selection (jointly considering the energy consumption, energy harvesting potential and link break probability). Driven by the above concerns, a novel Constructive Relay based CooPerative Routing (CRCPR) protocol based on a cross-layer design is proposed in this thesis. In CRCPR, we fi rst modify the traditional hello message format to carry some additional neighbour information. Based on this information, a key aspect of this protocol is to construct one or more small rhombus topologies within the MANET structure, which are stored and maintained in a COoPerative (COP) Table and Relay Table. Next, the route request procedure is re-designed to improve resilience to node mobility with a scheme called Last hop Replacement. Finally, assuming nodes are mostly battery-powered, destination node based route-decision criteria are explored that can consider energy consumption, energy harvesting and link break probability to determine an appropriate route across the MANET. As the hello message format is modi ed to carry additional information, the control overhead is increased. However, in order to improve the control message eficiency, a new generalised hello message broadcasting scheme entitled Adjust Classi ed Hello Scheme is developed, which can be deployed onto every routing protocol employing a hello mechanism. As well as designing a new routing protocol for MANETs, including route discovery, route selection, route reply, route maintenance, route enhancement and cooperative data forwarding, the proposed scheme is implemented within an Opnetbased simulation environment and evaluated under a variety of realistic conditions. The results con rm that CRCPR improves mobility resilience, saves energy via cooperative communication and reduces the control overhead associated with the hello message mechanism.

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Abdelaty, Ahmed, and Joseph Shrestha. "Current Practices of Experiential Learning in the United States Construction and Technology Programs." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5470.

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Construction education is dynamic and practice oriented. As such, effective construction programs require significant collaboration with the construction industry. This collaboration, in the form of internship or cooperative programs, increase the student readiness for the job market by providing valuable field experience. Construction programs in the United States (US) established several internship requirements that range from being optional to multiple required internships. This study focuses on scanning the current internship requirements set by construction and engineering technology programs in the US by gathering information including; 1) Number and length of required internships, 2) Internship prerequisites, 3) Internship deliverables, 4) assessment method. The outcome of this study is expected to help construction programs improve their internship or cooperative requirements by considering the prevailing practices developed by other schools. Additionally, the study provides recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of internship for positive experiential learning.

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Fester, Ferdinand Cedric. "An investigation into experiential learning experience of South Africa construction management students at universities of technology." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1051.

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Thesis (MTech (Construction Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005.
Cooperative education is practiced in many fields of industry. The South African construction industry has shown a preference for cooperative construction management education. Cooperative construction management education is practiced worldwide, but the majority of these programmes do not have compulsory credit bearing experiential learning as part of its programmes. This study examined the experiential leaning experience as well as the relevance and adequacy of preparation of subject areas taught in UT construction management programmes from the perspective of all the stakeholders. The study had four main objectives namely (I) To measure the extent of the perceived relevance by industry stakeholders, students and academics of the topics and content of construction management programmes at UT; (2) To establish the level of inadequacy, as perceived by industry stakeholders and academic staff of the preparation of UT construction management graduates to perform construction management functions: (3) To determine the level of dissatisfaction, if it existed with the experiential learning of construction management students; and (4) To establish the preparedness of construction industry stakeholders to mentor construction management experiential learning students; and to use the findings of the study to inform development of construction management programmes. Literature was reviewed relative to experiential learning and its general and specific application to construction management education. Self- administered questionnaires were completed by I" year as well as senior students registered for the National Diploma: Building as well as the B. Tech. degrees in Construction Management and Quantity Surveying. The study suggests that although the experiential learning experience IS relevant and generally well accepted by all role-players, there is a mismatch between the needs of industry and what is being produced by the UT. The topics that form the programme are relevant, but a level of dissatisfaction exists with the preparation of construction management graduates to perform construction management functions do exist.

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Ewbank, Eduardo Galli. "Auto gestão: possibilidade de organização da força de trabalho na construção civil e suas implicações." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16137/tde-24112010-113759/.

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O presente estudo tem por objeto a organização do trabalhador do setor habitacional da Construção Civil em cooperativas de trabalho. Partimos dos pressupostos do cooperativismo - constituição democrática, autogestão, vantagens fiscais em relação a outros tipos de empresa e predileção do Estado prevista em lei -, para compreender quais características do modo de produção capitalista do setor interferem na formação, organização do trabalho e inserção no mercado das cooperativas de trabalhadores. Para tanto, buscamos compreender as razões da formação e da manutenção de uma base manufatureira de produção no setor - pautada na divisão intelectual e na precarização do trabalho e suas possíveis influências e distorções na organização do trabalho no sentido original de uma cooperativa. Também analisamos a atual organização do mercado de trabalho - marcada pela sub-contratação, terceirização de serviços e conseqüente suspensão de direitos trabalhistas adquiridos - buscando entender como o capital tem se utilizado das cooperativas e de seus princípios organizacionais. Por fim, levantamos possibilidades emancipadoras do trabalhador cooperativado na Construção Civil, bem como o papel que caberia ao arquiteto nesse processo.
The object of this study is the organization of the labour force of the house building sector in cooperatives. We started with the principles of cooperative work democratic constitution, self management, lower taxes than in other enterprises, and State support established by law -, to understand which characteristics of the capitalist mode of production interfere with the formation and the organization of labour and the insertion of the cooperatives in the market. To this effect, we sought to understand the reasons of the formation and upkeep of a production basis in manufacture of this sector based on the intectual division and precarious nature of labour and their eventual influences and distortions in labour organization in the original sense of a cooperative. We also analised the current organization of the labour market wrought by sub-contracting, outsourcing and consequent suspension of labour rights trying to understand how capital uses the cooperatives and its principles. Finally, we surveyed the emancipatory possibilities of cooperative work in the building industry, as well as the role Architects in this process.

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Jervis-Tracey, Paul-Dawn. "Talk and the Education Alliance : constructing the social order /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19085.pdf.

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21

Whitney-Cooper, Christine. "Constructing a research strategy in a university nursing department : a cooperative inquiry." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2011. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20679/.

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This doctoral report details the findings of a ten month project conducted in a university nursing department. The project used cooperative inquiry to engage teachers of professional occupational courses in research. This project has relevance for all university departments exploring ways to develop a research culture in a predominantly teaching environment. The New University, where the project was set, committed the organisation to raising income through research and teaching where previously it had been through primarily teaching contracts. The inclusive research strategy required all teachers to become 'research active' and produce research outputs that met the Research Excellence Framework (REF) benchmarks. This approach was part of the university strategy of 'authority to teach' that required all teachers credibility to be provided through the primary research the academics were engaged in. This was a significant change for teachers whose credibility came through occupational professional qualifications and expertise and who had little experience of research. The project focused on the collaborative development of a departmental applied research. It was hoped staff would have ownership of the strategy that would facilitate the engagement in research and create a cultural change. The project findings highlighted that an occupational teacher identity was deeply imbedded as part of an occupational career trajectory. This led to a recognition that change would need to address the teacher identity not simply focus on raising the status of research as part of an academic role. The project addressed this through the development of a research strategy that incorporated a 'Scholarship Model' that broadened the notion of scholarship. Instead of research providing academic credibility, the model valued teaching and a variety of scholarly endeavours that included research to provide academic credibility. This was used to create a scholarly culture that moved the department towards a longer term goal of developing research active staff for the REF submission.

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22

Samuelsson, Stefan, and Mia Ahmetasevic. "Management of construction logistics in Stockholm : Identifying ways of improvement for construction logistics within the inner city of Stockholm." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Byggteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-228285.

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The construction industry is similar to other manufacturing industries. Aproduction is made up of several small moments and the final product ariseswhen all these steps are completed. Each one of these operations is equallyimportant and increased efficiency is required at all stages. An oftenforgotten step when discussing efficiency in the construction industry is the logisticprocess.The main problems which emerge, when increasing the efficiency of logisticswithin a city centre, are the location itself, the required close collaborationbetween different actors and the industry’s unwillingness to change itscurrent habits. These problems are relevant as they not only address theconcrete problem of a congested inner city but also handle an abstractproblem which is the attitudes and relationships within the constructionindustry. If these problems were tackled, a more structured industry could arise withadditional economical benefits for the entire industry.The aim is to acquire a more efficient and effective logistic process byreducing the number of transports as well as increasing the time efficiency,standard and service of the required transports. The constituent for thisreport is Skanska AB and Uppsala University.The study consists of an in depth study of literature, as well as an analysis ofprevious executed projects and interviews with different actors within theconstruction industry. The results describe the answers given by each actorand a comparison is made with the literature study.The main conclusions of the study are that without collaboration and therightful incentives a development of the logistics process within the industry is notlikely to happen. In addition to the conclusion some suggestions for changes towardsimprovement are recognized.

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23

Roselli, Néstor. "Collaborative construction using chat in different tasks." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/101459.

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The objective of this research was to characterize the chat collaborative interaction of two partners in six kinds of cognitive tasks. The central hypothesis was that the task nature determines a particular kind of collaborative interaction. The six tasks tested were: to solve a logical problem, to compose a story, to read a data table, to rank opinions, to bring a scientific explanation of a domestic situation, to interpret the signification of a literature text. The 11 dyads of the sample were formed by university students. Results show significant differences between the tasks concerning the sociocognitive interaction, specially the logical-intelligent tasks related the open-interpretative tasks. Finally, there is a great difference between tasks in the personal evaluation of the difficulty and interest of each one.
El objetivo fue caracterizar la interacción colaborativa de díadas, a través del chat, en seis tareas cognitivas: resolver un problema lógico, elaborar una historia, leer una tabla de datos, ordenar jerárquicamente opiniones, brindar una explicación científica de un hecho fáctico e interpretar un texto literario. La hipótesis central era que el tipo de tarea implica distintos tipos de intercambio colaborativo. Se examinaron 11 díadas de estudiantes universitarios. Los resultados muestran diferencias muy significativas entre las seis tareas en lo que hace al patrón sociocognitivo, sobre todo entre las tareas lógico-inteligentes y las tareas abiertas o interpretativas. Finalmente, hay diferencias muy notorias en la evaluación metacognitiva que hacen los participantes del grado de dificultad e interés de cada tarea.

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24

Sguera, Francesco <1977&gt. "The social construction of cooperation: exchange, identification and collective intentions within the organization." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1322/.

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My aim is to develop a theory of cooperation within the organization and empirically test it. Drawing upon social exchange theory, social identity theory, the idea of collective intentions, and social constructivism, the main assumption of my work implies that both cooperation and the organization itself are continually shaped and restructured by actions, judgments, and symbolic interpretations of the parties involved. Therefore, I propose that the decision to cooperate, expressed say as an intention to cooperate, reflects and depends on a three step social process shaped by the interpretations of the actors involved. The first step entails an instrumental evaluation of cooperation in terms of social exchange. In the second step, this “social calculus” is translated into cognitive, emotional and evaluative reactions directed toward the organization. Finally, once the identification process is completed and membership awareness is established, I propose that individuals will start to think largely in terms of “We” instead of “I”. Self-goals are redefined at the collective level, and the outcomes for self, others, and the organization become practically interchangeable. I decided to apply my theory to an important cooperative problem in management research: knowledge exchange within organizations. Hence, I conducted a quantitative survey among the members of the virtual community, “www.borse.it” (n=108). Within this community, members freely decide to exchange their knowledge about the stock market among themselves. Because of the confirmatory requirements and the structural complexity of the theory proposed (i.e., the proposal that instrumental evaluations will induce social identity and this in turn will causes collective intentions), I use Structural Equation Modeling to test all hypotheses in this dissertation. The empirical survey-based study found support for the theory of cooperation proposed in this dissertation. The findings suggest that an appropriate conceptualization of the decision to exchange knowledge is one where collective intentions depend proximally on social identity (i.e., cognitive identification, affective commitment, and evaluative engagement) with the organization, and this identity depends on instrumental evaluations of cooperators (i.e., perceived value of the knowledge received, assessment of past reciprocity, expected reciprocity, and expected social outcomes of the exchange). Furthermore, I find that social identity fully mediates the effects of instrumental motives on collective intentions.

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25

Pinkevičius, Darius. "Šalių bendradarbiavimo pareiga vykdant statybos rangos sutartį." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20110709_152151-14770.

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Darbe nagrinėjami šalių bendradarbiavimo pareigos vykdant statybos rangos sutartį teoriniai ir praktiniai aspektai. Pirmoje darbo dalyje siūlomas šios pareigos apibrėžimas, klasifikuojami pareigą sudarantys elementai, aptariama pareigos apimtis, ribos, reikšmė. Bendradarbiavimo pareiga statybos rangos atžvilgiu suprantama labai plačiai, kaip apimanti įvairaus pobūdžio šalių veiksmus, būtinus, kad būtų pasiektas statybos rangos sutarties tikslas. Antroji darbo dalis skirta praktiniams aptariamos pareigos aspektams ir su jais susijusioms problemoms aptarti. Šioje dalyje nagrinėjami šalių bendradarbiavimo pareigos klausimai susiję su statybos leidimo pateikimu, statybvietės sąlygomis, darbų atlikimu su užsakovo medžiagomis, projektinės dokumentacijos pateikimu ir pranešimu apie jos klaidas, neatitikimus, darbų perdavimu – priėmimu, darbų pakeitimais ir t.t. Darbe kritiškai vertinamas kai kurių statybos rangos sutarties sričių teisinis reguliavimas Lietuvoje, t.y. atsakomybės neproporcingas paskirstymas tuo atveju, kai darbai atliekami su užsakovo pateiktomis netinkamomis medžiagomis, atliktų darbų perdavimo – priėmimo kriterijai ir t.t. Analizuojami klausimai dėl užsakovo ir genrangovo teisės kontroliuoti darbus, o būtent tai, kad darbų kontrolė yra tapusi ne teise, o pareiga. Aptariami kiti veiksniai įtakojantys statybos rangos sutarties šalių bendradarbiavimą vykdant statybos rangos sutartį. Trečioje darbo dalyje pristatoma alternatyvi šalių bendradarbiavimą statybos rangos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
This master thesis analyses practical and theoretical aspects concerning the parties’ obligation to cooperate in the performance of a construction contract. The first part of the work proposes the definition of such obligation, discuses the extent and limits of this obligation, also classifies its elements. The parties’ obligation to cooperate in the performance of a construction contract is understood very broadly and includes all reasonable actions of a party necessary to be taken in order to achieve the goals of the construction contract. The second part of the work analyses the practical aspects of the obligation and the problems that surround it. This part particularly deals with the questions of the cooperation concerning the delivery of the permission to build, the site conditions, delivery of the design projects and the contractor’s obligation to warn about any discrepancies therein, taking over of the works and so on. The work presents a critical approach to some spheres of legal regulation in Lithuania, i.e. disproportion of the liability concerning the work done with inappropriate materials presented by the employer, the criteria of the works that have to be taken over and so on. Another point analysed is the right of the employer or the main contractor to control the works which has actually transformed into an obligation. Also other factors are analysed that have the influence on the cooperation between the parties in the performance of a construction contract... [to full text]

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26

Driscoll, William Wallace. "Social and Asocial Niche Construction in Microbial Populations." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/228457.

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Cooperation presents a major challenge for evolutionary theory: how can competition favor a trait that imposes a cost on the individual expressing it while benefitting another? This challenge has been answered by theory that emphasizes the importance of assortment between individuals that tend to cooperate and those who tend to behave selfishly, or `cheat'. Microbial cooperation remains puzzling, given the generally high genetic and taxonomic diversity of most microbial communities. Many microbial populations rely on shared, beneficial extracellular products for an array of functions in nature. However, when these lineages are maintained in liquid cultures, many are invaded and outcompeted by spontaneous `cheater' mutants that forego investments in these products while benefitting from those produced by neighbors. The apparent evolutionary instability of microbial investments in extracellular products in well-mixed laboratory cultures finds a natural parallel in the phenomenon of toxic microalgal blooms. These extremely dense populations of often free-living microalgae destroy populations of competing microalgae and grazing zooplankton that normally control population densities. Bloom populations of planktonic microalgae are unstructured, and seem ill suited for the evolution of cooperation. In this thesis, I have established a new theoretical framework for understanding the evolution of microbial external goods. This framework highlights the importance of cell-level structure in the distribution of these external products, as well as genetic structuring in populations. This perspective informed an investigation into the social niche of a biofilm-dwelling regulatory mutant of the important biocontrol strain Pseudomonas chlororaphis. In the highly self-structured environment of a bacterial biofilm, a surprising mutualistic association between this mutant and the wild type emerged, underscoring the importance of microbial ecology in understanding the evolution of niche construction. Extending these lessons to the evolutionary problem of exotoxins in free-swimming microalgae yields the novel possibility that fluctuations in density of toxic strains shift a cell-level functioning exotoxin into a true public good that may be exploited by cheaters. I show that exotoxicity can serve cell-level functions in Prymnesium parvum. Despite these cell-level benefits, the existence of nontoxic lineages within toxic blooms hints at a complex interaction between rapid evolutionary and ecological changes in toxic blooms.

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27

Gal, Annie. "Construction de reponses cooperatives, a l'aide de contraintes d'integrite, dans des bases de donnees logiques." Rennes 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REN10101.

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Il est montre comment il est possible d'utiliser pleinement la semantique presente dans une base de donnees pour repondre d'une maniere cooperative a des utilisateurs de cette base. Un nouvel usage des contraintes d'integrite est fourni, dont le but premier est la maintenance de la coherence des donnees lors des mises a jour

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28

Roberts, Christopher. "Southeast Asia: moving beyond the construction of a mascent security community?" University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Arts, 2002. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001497/.

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This study applies Deutsch’s security community framework to the states of Southeast Asia in order to assess whether or not, as at September 2002, there exist dependable expectations of peaceful change. The study has three primary goals. The first is to develop the framework so it may better reflect the realities of interstate and communal relations in Southeast Asia. The second is to assess whether or not Southeast Asia has in fact moved beyond the construction of a nascent security community where there exists adequate empirical evidence to suggest a future sustainable course towards ‘dependable expectations of peaceful change’. The third seeks to analyse the potential for Southeast Asia, as a community of states, to evolve to the higher tiers of integration and be characterised as a mature security community, where disputes between states and state-elites will be resolved without recourse to violence. In investigating these tasks, the dissertation considers a broad range of issues, including (but not limited to): the multilateral security frameworks embracing the region; the impact of ethnic and religious tensions as well as non-traditional security issues (with a focus here on narcotics and piracy); and the impact of terrorism and the recent economic crisis on the normative behaviours and ideologies of state elites throughout the region. It is found that while a substantial degree of interaction, integration and cooperation has developed in Southeast Asia, these developments have been insufficient to alleviate a number of traditional security issues and tensions (such as border and territorial conflicts). Consequently, there exists only a transient sense of expectations of peaceful change throughout Southeast Asia and this level of integration is characterised by the dissertation to represent nothing more than the embryonic phase of a security community’s evolution.

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Tudge, Simon James. "Game theoretic treatments of social niche construction : how do the conditions for cooperation evolve?" Thesis, University of Southampton, 2016. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/410310/.

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The presence of cooperation has long puzzled evolutionary biologists; the resolution to this puzzle is often attributed to population structure. While the effects of population structure on cooperation are understood, less is known regarding how population structure is itself subject to evolution. The research program of Social Niche Construction (SNC) explores these issues. This thesis presents three related papers that further our understanding of SNC and addresses a number of issues within the research program. Firstly, I demonstrate that diploid organisms under the presence of meiotic drive represents an example of SNC; where assortative mating plays the role of the social niche modifier. I thus argue that assortative mating may be an adaptation that overcomes meiotic drive. Secondly, I present a formal argument for why a gene that causes individuals to assort cannot invade a population of freely-mixed defectors at equilibrium. I present a potential solution to this problem; namely, that if individuals engage in multiple simultaneous cooperative dilemmas, then there may be a continued selection pressure for increased assortment. Lastly, I present a model for the evolution of a cooperative division of labour. Previous gametheoretic definitions assume cooperation to be a single behaviour. I argue that this is too narrow, as often the benefits of cooperation come about through the interaction of differing types. To address this issue I define a class of games; which I call Division of Labour (DOL) games, that have the property that fitness is maximised by a mixture of different types. I show that DOL games are not resolved by a positive assortment on phenotype; instead mean fitness is maximised by positive assortment on a genotype that can exhibit phenotypic plasticity; i.e. express multiple phenotypes conditionally upon social environment. Together these models broaden and deepen our understanding of how population structure evolves and how SNC transforms social dilemmas and modifies social outcomes.

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Alfandi, Ghadeer Rashed. "Investigating risk management capability of construction firms in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries." Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13580.

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Implementing risk management (RM) effectively in construction projects and organisations has long been recognised as key to ensuring successful project performance. Therefore, it has become increasingly vital for construction organisations to have RM as an integral part of their project management practice. Such necessity has driven significant increase in research on RM practice in the construction industry. However, little research has been conducted to systematically investigate the RM implementation in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)’s construction industry. Therefore, this research study was aimed at thoroughly investigating RM implementation in this industry toward developing an appropriate framework for improving existing practice. Specifically, this research study has developed a RM framework for enhancing RM implementation practice in construction firms and an informed list of best practice recommendations, all of which aid as a road map for implementing an effective RM system, thereby contributing to the enhancement of practice. In addition, the research has developed a RM maturity model purposely for measuring firms’ existing RM maturity level and identifying key areas for further improvement. Mixed method approach was chosen for the purpose of addressing the research aim and objectives. The first stage of the approach involved a comprehensive review of relevant literature. Then, a pilot study and two questionnaire surveys were designed and distributed to professionals from construction organisations in the GCC countries. Moreover, six case studies from real-life projects were conducted. The RM framework was validated through a series of experts’ interviews. This research has identified and ranked 62 key risk factors affecting construction project performance, and were categorised under four levels, namely: country level, industry and market level, firm capability level, and project implementation level. Also, this research study has identified 28 RM maturity criteria and 15 critical barriers to RM implementation. These were used to develop a comprehensive RM maturity system, which can serve as a guide for determining the RM capability of construction organisations to enable them decide on the most appropriate implementation strategies. Moreover, the case studies provide rich in-depth qualitative data that explains, among others, the status of RM implementation in practice and the level of maturity displayed by GCC construction organisations on this subject. The cross–case comparison results substantiated the survey findings, and highlighted the influence of the firms’ characteristics on the RM implementation. Also, the findings serve as a case-study from GCC countries from which other countries in the Middle East and developing world can benefit immensely from the lessons learnt, since these countries share a lot in common as far as RM practices are concerned. The empirical results and outcomes of this research are arguably the first to be presented for the GCC construction industry, and therefore have a high potential of contributing significantly to the existing body of knowledge and understanding in RM. The results of this research do not only fill a major gap in the literature on the subject of RM practice in this industry, but also offer greater awareness and understanding of RM implementation in construction firms. Future studies would be conducted to assess the RM maturity in other projects or in other countries and to investigate the relationship between the RM maturity and improvement in project performance. For instance, the case studies would be performed to uncover RM implementation and the associated managerial implications which will allow practitioners to understand the real implementation issues in practice and the experience of firms that is worth learning from.

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Yeung, Chong-tak Clarence. "Hong Kong's major highways a public-private partnerships approach to their construction and management /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31967437.

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Wonyu, Emmanuel. "La politique francaise de cooperation en afrique subsaharienne face aux contraintes de la construction europeenne." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05D003.

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Au lendemain de l'accession a l'independance de ses colonies d'afrique sub-saharienne, la france a choisi de mettre en oeuvre une politique de cooperation et d'assistance avec ces jeunes etats. Elle manifestait ainsi sa volonte de puissance qui est symbolisee par la constitution et la conservation d'une zone d'influence. Parallelement, pour jouer un role de premier plan dans un monde qui se globalise, la france s'est aussi engagee activement dans la construction d'un espace europeen integre et dans la politique europeenne de cooperation au developpement. Notre etude tentera donc d'analyser comment l'acteur francais s'est comporte face a cette double exigence presque contradictoire : la conservation d'une zone d'influence et la participation active a la construction europeenne. La politique francaise de cooperation avec les etats d'afrique sub-saharienne a-t-elle ete conditionnee de maniere significative par les contraintes nees de la construction europeenne ? cette politique s'estelle articulee selon une dynamique de coherence ou d'incoherence ? du point de vue des partenaires africains, il s'agira d'analyser comment la dependance qui transparait dans ces deux formes de cooperatioin a ou non annihile leur capacite a initier une cooperation sudsud et, surtout, une cooperation regionale plus porteuse de developpement. Nous demontrerons combien il est difficile de mettre en oeuvre cette politique communautaire de developpement qui tend a une plus grande coordination et au decloisennement de toute politique privilegiee. Il apparaitra donc que, plusieurs decennies apres sa mise en place, la france demeure l'un des piliers de la construction europeenne et de la politique communautaire de cooperation au developpement, sans totalement renoncer a sa politique de cooperation bilaterale et ses relations privilegiees avec les etats d'afrique. Ainsi, en fonction de ses interets fondamentaux, elle se conforme au principe de subsidiarite dans le cadre multilateral europeen, tout en preservant son attachement aux avantages du bilateralisme, et surtout a l'independance de sa politique exterieure
Immediately after the french subsaharan african colonies rose to independence, the french government opted for a aid and cooperation policy with those young nations. Thus, it could establish its will power, which can be symbolized by the creation and conservation of a sphere of influence in africa. At the same time, in order to play a dominant role in this more and more global world, france was actively engaged in the erection of an integrated european area and in the european cooperation policy. This study will try and analyze the french attitude to this double yet almost contradictory requirement the conservation of a sphere of influence and the active participation in the european construction. Was the french cooperation policy with subsaharan african states determined by pressures coming from the european construction ? was that policy governed by a logic of coherence or incoherence ? from the african states point of view, this study will try and analyse how their lack of independence, which lies at the core of these two types of cooperation, hs inhibited -or not- their ability to set up a south-south cooperation and a regional cooperation which would lead to development. It will therefore be shown how difficult it is to put into practise this european cooperation policy as it is becoming more organized and will lead to france's foregoing its priviledged bilateral policy. Thus, decades after its setting up, france remains a pilar of the european construction and of the european development policy, although it has not given up its bilateral cooperation policy and its priviledged relations with the african states. According to its fundamental interests, france conforms, at once, to the subsidiarity principle in the european sphere, and to its attachment to the advantages of bilateralism, especially to the conservation of its independent foreign policy

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Barrera, John Thomas Maldonado Ronald V. "An analysis of public-private ventures for the construction of military family housing." Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA245175.

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Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990.
Thesis Advisor(s): Carrick, Paul M. Second Reader: Roberts, Benjamin J. "December 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 30, 2010. DTIC Descriptor(s): Department of Defense, military facilities, family members, construction, military commanders, housing (dwellings), military engineering DTIC Identifier(s): Construction, military facilities, housing (dwellings), military personnel, military construction, costs, theses, family members, fringe benefits, leasing, recruiting, incentives, affordability Author(s) subject terms: PPV, MilCon, 801 Program, 802 Program; 2667 Land Lease; third Party Financing Includes bibliographical references (p. 91.95). Also available in print.

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Doyle, Patrick John. "'Better, farming, better business, better living' : the Irish Co-operative Movement and the construction of the Irish nation-state, 1894-1932." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/better-farming-better-business-better-living-the-irish-cooperative-movement-and-the-construction-of-the-irish-nationstate-18941932(70653419-16ee-4627-a3ba-8c7c6f9908e1).html.

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This thesis argues that agricultural co-operative societies under the leadership of the Irish Agricultural Organisation Society played a crucial role in building the Irish state and defining a national identity in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. By questioning widely held assumptions about a formative period in Ireland’s political and economic development, it is argued that critical ideas about the Irish nation emanated from the sphere of economics. In particular, the efforts of co-operative activists are understood as important actors in the process of building the Irish nation-state through their interventions to reorganise rural society. The co-operative movement’s attempts to organise the resources and population of the Irish countryside represented a serious modernising effort that shaped the character of the politically autonomous nation-state that emerged in the 1920s. The establishment of co-operative societies introduced new agricultural technologies to rural districts and placed local farmers in control of agricultural business. Although co-operators met with frequent frustration in their objective to restructure Irish society along co-operative lines, the study of the movement remains central to a thorough understanding of social and political conditions in the period under review. Co-operative ideas became incredibly influential amongst Irish nationalists associated with Sinn Féin. It is argued that the co-operative movement’s modernising project became embedded in the Irish countryside and enmeshed in a political economy of revolutionary nationalism. As a consequence, the co-operative movement exerted a significant influence upon those who seized governmental power after the Irish revolution, which extended beyond independence. The thesis utilises a range of local and national sources which include records for individual co-operative societies, reports and publications associated with the national movement, as well as a wide variety of contemporary literature and journalism. By applying a local approach that feeds into an analysis of the co-operative movement on a national level, the thesis presents a detailed analysis of how co-operative activists and ideas influenced the creation of Ireland’s political culture. Crucially, the work of interstitial actors is reinserted into the process of the Irish state’s development. The building of state institutions is viewed through the work of a network of co-operative experts and therefore as something that occurred outside the deliberations of official circuits of power. The thesis breaks new ground in the historiography of the development of the Irish state by analysing the important work of those involved in shaping rural social relations and institutions such as co-operative organisers, engineers, propagandists, managers and secretaries.

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Freiman, Rickard, and Leo Nöjd. "Trust in Swedish Construction industry – obstacles, facilitators and positive outcomes." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-211255.

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This thesis makes a contribution to the trust literature by analysing and pinpointing specific actions and behaviours that are seen as negative or positive to the building of trust in the construction industry in Sweden today. The thesis therefore aims to look at trust from different perspectives – developer, contractor, consultant and subcontractors in the Swedish construction industry. Specifically, it examines the different notations and definitions of trust from the literature along with a qualitative study aiming at understanding the underlying factors and principles for creating trust. The qualitative data was collected through interviews with seven people. The results show that trust is considered important in all projects and is a prerequisite for a good project. However, there is a lack of trust in the construction industry today, but with a shift of generation and a forthcoming digitisation, a positive trend might be pending. Partnering and other forms of collaboration are seen as facilitating for trust building processes – if implemented in a proper manner. However, partnering is rarely implemented in such a way, why those processes many times fail in ending up in trust. Further, it has been concluded that trust is highly affected in a negative way by changes in standard contracts such as AB/ABT, whereupon such changes should be avoided. Trust is seen as strongly connected with building long-term relationships where opportunism is avoided and future profits rather are given priority. Lastly, trust helps to keep focus on the important things in a project, making the way for a better product in the end. It is also seen as a factor for creating a better work environment and an attractive industry. The study has identified that the major factors affecting trust in the Swedish construction industry are: changes from the standard contracts (AB/ABT), different collaboration forms and the execution of these (mainly partnering), the digitisation and coming generational change, the focus on cheap constructions and a lack of long-term relationships.
Det här examensarbetet gör ett bidrag till litteraturen om tillit genom att analysera och precisera specifika handlingar och beteenden som kan anses vara negativa eller positiva för tillitsbyggande i den Svenska byggindustrin. Examensarbetet ämnar därför att se på tillit från olika perspektiv – byggherre, entreprenör, konsulter och underentreprenörer i byggbranschen. Mer specifikt så undersöker den de olika benämningar och definitioner av tillit som finns i litteraturen, tillsammans med en kvalitativ studie som har som sikte att förstå de bakomliggande faktorerna och principerna för att skapa förtroende. Den kvalitativa datan har samlats in genom intervjuer med sju personer. Resultatet visar på att tillit anses vara viktigt i alla projekt och att det är en nödvändig förutsättning för ett bra projekt. Dock så finns det en brist på tillit i byggbranschen idag, men med ett kommande generationsskifte samt en växande digitalisering så kan trenden komma att vända. Partnering och andra samverkansformer ses som främjande för tillitsbyggande processer – om de implementeras på ett korrekt sätt. Däremot är detta sällan fallet, varför sådana processer många gånger misslyckas med att skapa tillit. Vidare så har det visat sig att tillit påverkas starkt negativt av ändringar och avsteg från standardkontrakten AB/ABT, varpå sådana avvikelser borde undvikas. Tillit ses starkt kopplat till att bygga långsiktiga relationer där opportunism undviks och framtida vinster istället prioriteras. Slutligen har det visat sig att tillit hjälper till att hålla fokus på det viktiga i ett projekt vilket möjliggör för att skapa en bättre produkt i slutändan. Tillit ses också som en faktor för att skapa bättre arbetsmiljö och en attraktiv bransch. Studien har identifierat att de största faktorerna som påverkar tillit i den svenska byggindustrin är: ändringar och avsteg från standardkontrakten (AB/ABT), olika samverkansformer och hur dessa utförs, digitaliseringen och det kommande generationsskiftet, fokus på att bygga billigt och en brist på långsiktiga relationer.

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Fabbri, Claudia M. "Social constructivism and the role of ideas : the construction of Argentine-Brazilian nuclear cooperation, 1979-1991." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425544.

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Li, Hak Yin. "China, India and Russia : cooperation and construction of the Asia-Pacific order in the 21st century." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2007. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/828.

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Maignan, Marion. "La construction d'un prix juste au sein d'un système agro-alimentaire alternatif : le cas de la société coopérative d'intérêt collectif alter-Conso." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0103.

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Le modèle de production, consommation et distribution agro-industriel fait l’objet depuis les années 1970 de critiques portant sur son impact environnemental, économique et sociétal. En réponse à ces critiques, s'est développé depuis les années 60 au Japon, 80 aux États- Unis, et plus récemment en France, une diversité d’initiatives et d’expérimentations socio-économiques visant à soutenir une agriculture plus respectueuse de l’homme et de la planète, basée sur de nouvelles formes d’organisation et orientée vers des échange économiques plus justes. Ces initiatives, qualifiées de systèmes agro-alimentaires alternatifs, associent de manière variée des modes production respectueux de la planète (agriculture raisonnée et biologique, agro-écologie, permaculture. Ils s’appuient par ailleurs sur des formes organisationnelles ancrées dans des dynamiques d’économie sociale et solidaire : Amaps, circuits-courts, coopératives, initiatives de commerce équitable local. Ils développent ainsi des modèles de gouvernance et d'organisation qui reconsidèrent les finalités et les modalités de l’activité économique et sont animés par une volonté de s’engager dans une « autre économie ». La question de la justice dans l’échange, incarnée par la cherche d'un prix juste, est centrale pour ces initiatives.Dans ce contexte, la thèse propose d’analyser la construction d’un prix juste au sein d’un système agro-alimentaire alternatif, engagé dans une démarche de commerce équitable local et s’appuyant sur une forme organisationnelle innovante. Il s’appuie sur le suivi, pendant trois ans, de la Société Coopérative d’Intérêt Collectif Alter-Conso, engagée dans la distribution hebdomadaire de paniers issus de l’agriculture biologique, locale et paysanne dans 14 lieux de distribution de l’agglomération lyonnaise. Cette SCIC se caractérise par un projet d’entreprise orienté vers une transformation des modes de production et de consommation alimentaire, et s'appuie sur une démarche ancrée dans les principes et valeurs coopératives. Elle réunit autour d'un même projet quatre catégories d'acteurs : salariés, producteurs, consommateurs, et sympathisants. Au sein de la coopérative, l’activité marchande est le support d’un projet avant tout sociétal et politique, orienté vers une transformation des pratiques agricoles et des modalités de gestion de l’activité économique. La thèse propose d’analyser comment les acteurs de la coopérative construisent un prix juste, au regard du projet d’entreprise et de ses modalités d’organisation.La thèse permet de montrer que la construction du prix juste au sein de cette organisation reflète une exigence de justice à la fois procédurale, commutative, et distributive. Ce travail met par ailleurs en évidence un processus de fixation du prix alternatif au prix de marché, et qui incarne les spécificités d’une organisation coopérative à finalité sociale. La construction du prix juste intègre par les finalités et les valeurs de la coopérative, à la fois dans les critères de définition et dans le choix des procédures de fixation du prix. Le prix juste est ainsi construit sur la base d’une discussion et indépendamment des variations de l’offre et de la demande. Il est défini sur la base d’une relation tripartite, durable et compréhensive entre producteurs, salariés et consommateurs de la coopérative, caractérisée par une reconnaissance des besoins réciproques des acteurs concernés par l'échange
The industrial model of food production, consumption and distribution has been criticised since the seventies in reference to its environmental, social and economical impacts. These critics led to the emergence of a diversity of socio-economic initiatives, engaged in the promotion of a model of agriculture that is more respectful of the planet and its inhabitants, based on new organizational forms and oriented towards fair economic exchange. These alternative food systems refer to a diversity of production methods, including responsible and organic farming, agroecology, permaculture. Alternative food systems generally rely on organisations engaged in a social or solidarity economy : Community supported agriculture, short food supply channels, cooperatives, local fair trade. They reconsider the purpose and terms of economic activity and are driven by a desire to engage in an alternative economy. The question of fairness in exchange, embodied by the will to define a fair price, is of central matter for these initiatives.In this context, this thesis aims at analysing the construction of a fair price within an alternative food system. This system is engaged in a dynamic of local fair trade, and is based on an innovative organizational form. An empirical study has been conducted during three years within the cooperative Alter-Conso. This social cooperative proposes a weekly distribution of local and organic food products, in 14 delivery points in and around the city of Lyon. It puts forward the values and principle of a social and solidarity economy, and brings together into cooperation four categories of members : employees, producers, consumers, supporters. In this sense, economic activity aims primarily at achieving a social and political goal, oriented towards a transformation of agricultural practices and questioning the dominant management practices of economic life. The thesis aims at analysing how the members of the cooperative construct a fair price, considering its social project and its organizational form.The thesis shows that the construction of a fair price articulates three forms of justice : distributive , commutative, and procedural. It shows how the cooperative defines a price definition process that is an alternative to the market price. Indeed, the price construction takes into account the values and social goals of the cooperative, both in the criteria that define a fair price and in the price fixation process. The price construction is based on a discussion among the cooperative’s stakeholders, regardless of the variations of supply and demand. It is constructed on the basis of a lasting, comprehensive and tripartite relationship between the producers, the consumers, and the cooperative employees. The relationship is based on reciprocity and on the recognition of the needs of all the people affected by the exchange

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39

Ripley, Angela N. "Surviving Set Theory: A Pedagogical Game and Cooperative Learning Approach to Undergraduate Post-Tonal Music Theory." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437583773.

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40

Phua, Ting-ting Florence. "Toward a critical assessment of social identity : the nature of organisational identification and its implications for inter-organisational cooperation in the context of the Hong Kong construction industry /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2510021x.

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41

Cai, Qianyi. "Contribution à la construction du droit fiscal chinois continental." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB153.

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Le droit fiscal chinois continental résulte d'un processus complexe. D'une part, il est relatif à son histoire et sa géographie, d'autre part, il est fortement rattaché à son régime économique. Dans le contexte mondial, le développement de la mondialisation influe aussi sur des décisions en matière fiscales de l'autorité législative de l'État. Cette thèse tente d'analyser le droit fiscal de la Chine continentale depuis la fondation du pays le 1er octobre 1949, à travers sa construction, ses lois et réglementations et ses pratiques. L'enjeu principal de cette démarche est de mettre en œuvre une étude entre le droit fiscal chinois continental et les effets de l'économie de l'État et de l'économie mondialisée, en vue de saisir la particularité du droit fiscal de la Chine continentale. Ainsi, cette recherche se base sur deux dimensions : la dimension sur le plan national et la dimension sur le plan international
Continental Chinese tax law is the result of a complex process. On the one hand, it is relative to its history and geography, on the other hand, it is strongly related to its economic regime. In the global context, the development of globalization also influences fiscal decisions of the state's legislative authority. This thesis attempts to analyze the tax law of mainland China since the founding of the country on October 1st, 1949, through its construction, laws and regulations and practices. The main challenge of this approach is to implement a study between the continental Chinese tax law and the effects of the state economy and the global economy, in order to grasp the peculiarity of mainland China's tax law. Thus, this research is based on two dimensions: the dimension at the national level and the dimension at the international level

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Amouroux, Rémy. "Intégration de logiciels : utilisation de données réactives pour la construction d'applications." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10145.

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Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons aux problèmes relatifs a la mise en place de la coopération et du partage de données entre différents composants logiciels afin d'obtenir une application intégrée
Apres une étude du domaine, nous proposons une approche qui consiste en un rapprochement de la coopération et du partage des données par le biais d'un modèle de données adapté. Ce modèle reprend les concepts du modèle objet, étendu par les notions de relations entre données et de réactivité des données. L'utilisation de règles actives associées aux objets partages par les composants permet de séparer la définition des interactions entre composants de la de ceux-ci. Ces choix permettent l'intégration dans une application de composants existants, mais aussi la réalisation de composants adaptables à plusieurs applications
Nous complétons nos propositions, d'une part, en définissant une architecture type et des services de base pour l'intégration de logiciels, et d'autre part en proposant au concepteur d'une application intégrée des principes de construction facilitant la maintenance et l'évolution de l'application
Ce travail a été valide par la mise en œuvre concrète d'un environnement d'intégration de logiciels qui nous a permis d'expérimenter notre approche par la construction d'environnements de développement logiciel

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Liang, Yanhong, and 梁艳红. "A study of public private partnership project success factors and risk management integration in mainland China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/194601.

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To solve the conflict between limited fiscal funds and increasing demands to strengthen infrastructure construction, Public Private Partnership (PPP) was introduced by the Chinese government as an effective approach to make use of private investment to implement infrastructure projects. To provide services or facilities for public use, in PPP, participants pool their skills and resources while at the same time sharing the risks and rewards. The application of PPP could not only ease the government’s financial pressure, but also improve the efficiency of infrastructure construction and ensure the service quality of projects. Although PPP produces these benefits, the complexity and long-term features of PPP projects expose participants to more risks than in traditional projects. Therefore, risk management of participants is critical to the success of PPP projects. As an innovative procurement approach involves a variety of stakeholders over a long time span, it is necessary to investigate how to appraise and recognize PPP project success. In addition, although risk management has attracted much attention, few studies examine the detailed link between various dimensions of risk management and PPP project success. This research therefore intends to fill these two gaps. Compared with countries in the West, PPP was introduced into China relatively recently. A comparative study was employed in this research in order to understand the Chinese situation and to make use of the experience of other countries to critique PPP project performance in Mainland China. In this study, a two-pronged research program—comprising quantitative and qualitative approaches—was used to test and validate the tripartite theoretical model which was set up based on Transaction Cost Economics (TCE), Resource-based View (RBV) and Relational Exchange Theory (RET). In the quantitative study, questionnaire surveys were conducted concurrently in Mainland China and other places. Hierarchical Multiple Regression was used to explore the relationships posited in the research framework. To provide supportive and complementary evidence to the quantitative data, a case study of a PPP project in Mainland China was undertaken. Open-ended interviews and the thematic analysis technique were adopted in the case study. Taken together, the findings indicated that although the facets of risk management significantly affect project success, there are subtle different influences on different stakeholders’ benefits. For example, the uncertainty of social issues and economic issues will affect public partner’s benefits while the uncertainty of political & institutional issues, economic issues and project specific issues are directly influence private partner’s benefits. To maximize their own interests, different stakeholders should pay more attention to the influencing factors that are specifically associated with them. Meanwhile, it is demonstrated that individual efforts on risk management also contribute to the benefits of other stakeholders as well as to the whole industry development. In addition, the comparative study suggests that public partners of PPP projects in Mainland China could refer to the risk management experience of public partners from other countries to make an appropriate risk management commitment and better manage risks. On the other hand, private partners of PPP projects in Mainland China need to pay more attention to the macro-control of the government so as to protect their rights and interests.
published_or_final_version
Real Estate and Construction
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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Morellato, Mireille. "Travail coopératif entre professeurs et chercheurs dans le cadre d'une ingénierie didactique sur la construction des nombres : conditions de la constitution de l'expérience collective." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0035/document.

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Nous avons cherché, dans ce travail doctoral, à caractériser les pratiques de coopération de professeurs, formateurs, encadrants et chercheurs. Ceux-ci ont œuvré à la constitution et la mise en place conjuguées d’une ingénierie didactique sur la construction des nombres au début de l’enseignement primaire. Ils ont fondé pour cela un collectif, considéré comme une institution au sein du projet de recherche Ace-Arithmécole. Nous avons décrit une telle institution au travers d’un dialogue spécifique, le dialogue d’ingénierie.Pour analyser un tel dialogue, nous nous sommes appuyés principalement sur le cadre de la théorie de l’action conjointe en didactique. La notion de contrat / milieu nous a permis d’appréhender les transactions entre les membres du collectif dans une perspective didactique et de montrer qu’elles ont construit des faits d’expérience, c’està-dire des faits appris de l’expérience vécue collectivement. En effet, les transactions ne relèvent pas d’un jeu de questions /réponses entre les protagonistes mais d’un travail d’enquête commune sur la mise en place d’une ingénierie didactique coopérative. Chacun est alors capable de passer du topos de celui qui apprend au topos de celui qui désigne ce qui pourrait être appris, remarqué ou étudié. Au sein de cette nouvelle forme de l’étude, après un certain temps de pratique ingénierique, chacun est à même de réorienter l’action didactique collective et de participer à l’élaboration de praxéologies d’ingénierie
This doctoral thesis seeks to characterise the cooperative practices of a team of teachers, pedagogical trainers, pedagogical advisors and researchers during the implementation of a didactic engineering on the construction of number concepts for 6-year-old and 8-year-old pupils (first & second grades). The collective group founded by these various actors are viewed as an institution within the research project Acearithmécole with a specific dialogue, that of the engineering dialogue of the project.In order to analyse this dialogue, we use the Joint Action Theory in Didactics. We refer to the notion of the dialectic of contract / milieu in order to identify the transactions between the collective members from a didactic point of view. We show how experience-facts have been developed by these transactions, that is to say facts that have been learnt from the collective, lived experience. Such transactions are not about a game of questions and responses between the various members of the group, but rather the result of a common investigation of the didactic engineering in which each member of the group is able to change learning positions and indicate a factor which they could learn, observe or study. Therefore, after an initial period of engineering practice, this new form of study enables each member to re-orientate the collective engineering action and to take on a share of the construction of the engineering knowledge

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Hristev, Hristo. "Le développement de la construction européenne et l'affirmation d'une compétence communautaire en matière pénale." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0378.

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La présente thèse porte sur l'affirmation d'une compétence pénale de la construction européenne. Elle vise à répondre à la question principale, comment au cours du développement du processus de l'intégration on arrive à la reconnaissance d'un pouvoir de l'ensemble communautaire dans le domaine pénal et quelles sont les dimensions concrètes dudit pouvoir.Dans la Première partie, on révèle que les deux facteurs essentiels de la reconnaissance d'une compétence de type communautaire, relative à la problématique pénale, ont d'abord conduit à un effet d'encadrement de la souveraineté pénale des Etats membres. Ce phénomène se manifeste sur deux plans: d'un côté, les principes d'application du droit communautaire et le fonctionnement propre du système de l'intégration, jouent le rôle d'un facteur puissant de l'encadrement de la souveraineté pénale des Etats. D'autre part, au cours du développement de la construction européenne, se pose la question de mettre le dispositif de l'intégration en service de la lutte contre la criminalité transfrontalière, qui résulte dans la création du Troisième pilier en tant que cadre européen spécifique en matière pénale, vu le manque de volonté à consacrer explicitement une compétence communautaire dans le domaine étudié.La Deuxième partie est ciblée sur la reconnaissance même d'un pouvoir de l'ensemble européen pour intervenir en matière pénale, en fonction des deux facteurs essentiels - l'application effective du droit de l'intégration et la nécessité de mettre le dispositif communautaire en service de la lutte contre la criminalité transfrontalière. Elle cherche également à clarifier la nature et les conditions d'exercice de cette compétence. Sur ce plan sont d'abord étudiées les deux sources d'affirmation d'une compétence pénale de l'ensemble européen et les expressions concrètes de la communautarisation du domaine pénal. Ainsi est démontré le lien dialectique entre le développement de la construction communautaire en tant qu'une nouvelle forme de régulation publique et la reconnaissance d'un pouvoir du niveau européen d'agir en matière pénale. En deuxième lieu, le cadre juridique de la compétence pénale de l'Union européenne sous l'emprise du Traité de Lisbonne est profondément analysé. Cela permet de révéler la nature de la compétence pénale du système de l'intégration et de tirer des conclusions sur l'originalité de la construction européenne en tant qu'une forme de fédération de type nouveau.De cette manière on arrive à établir, que l'affirmation d'une compétence de type communautaire en matière pénale est une émanation de la nature particulière de la construction européenne, une fonction de l'approfondissement du projet communautaire et de la consolidation du système de l'intégration en tant qu'une nouvelle organisation du pouvoir public
The present thesis focuses on the assertion of Community competence in criminal matters. It aims not only to answer the question as to how the European integration process allows room for the recognition of a power of the European system in the field of criminal law, but also to shed light on the various aspects of the above-mentioned competence.The first part of the study revolves around the problem how the two essential factors leading to the recognition of a Community competence in criminal law brought about an effect of framing criminal sovereignty as towards the Member States of the European construction. This phenomenon manifests itself in two aspects. On the one hand, the principles of the application of European law alongside the functioning of the European integration system together play a very important role in limiting the sovereignty of the Member States in the field of criminal law. On the other hand, the important matter of using the set of legal tools of the European integration to combat cross-border criminality, resulted, despite the lack of common will to make explicit conferral of competence in the field of study, in the establishment of the Third Pillar as a specific European legal framework in criminal matters.It is the recognition of power of intervention of the European integration system in criminal law matters that is analysed in the second part of the present study. This recognition is conditioned by two main factors - the effective implementation of European integration law and the need to use the integration legal tools to combat cross-border criminality. It also made a constructive attempt to clarify the nature and the conditions of the exercise of the abovementioned competence. In this aspect, the two sources of the assertion of a Community competence in criminal matters and the precise legal expressions of this process are examined in the first place. Thus, the dialectical interconnection between the development of the European legal construction as a new form of public regulation and the recognition of the power of the European community to intervene in criminal matters is demonstrated. In a second step, the legal provisions of European competence in the field of criminal law according to the Treaty of Lisbon are analysed in depth. This shows the legal understanding of European competence in the field of criminal law and allows a positive conclusion on the originality of the European integration system as a federation of an unseen kind to be drawn. In this respect, the present study establishes that the assertion of a Community-based competence in the field of criminal law is an emanation of the peculiar nature of the European construction, a function of the deepening of the European project and of the consolidation of the integration system as a new form of public power

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Garcia, Marinete da Fontoura. "Os saberes dos professores de educação infantil em relação à construção numérica: formação de professores em um grupo cooperativo." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2006. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11128.

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This work treats of the formation in service of teachers of Infantile Education and yours know in relation to the process of numeric construction. Organized starting from reflections and observations produced through discussions in a group of studies with professionals of a same school unit, did it stop in the following subject: How are the teachers that participate in a cooperative group, going building new you know and new forms of to understand and to work with the numeric construction, developing a posture of investigating teacher?. The qualitative approach of research was used, initially with the application of individual interviews, following by the formation of a group of studies, that checked to the work a cooperation nature between the participant teachers and the researcher; this felt through studies, choice, application and reflection of teaching activities Leaning in researchers' investigations that studied the numeric construction, it tries to evidence, through the reports presented in the interviews and in the discussions of the cooperative group (involving teachers of Infantile Education that they teach in the municipal net of a municipal district of Great São Paulo), as they feels the pedagogic practice in relation to the numeric construction and in that measured that practice can change through the teachers' participation in a cooperative group. In this group, the teachers discussed texts, they investigated their own students, they promoted discussions and they analyzed the results of the investigations to the light of the theoretical referential. Results of researches and studies already accomplished, about the numeric construction, they are little published and, through the interviews, it was verified that the teachers, doesn't tend access to such studies, they don't consider the children's hypotheses concerning the numbers. Like this, the work has as purpose to contribute with the teachers' pedagogic practice, presenting and developing relative subjects to the axis Mathematics in Infantile Education
Este trabalho trata da formação em serviço de Professoras de Educação Infantil e seus saberes em relação ao processo de construção numérica. Organizado a partir de reflexões e observações produzidas por meio de discussões em um grupo de estudos com profissionais de uma mesma unidade escolar, deteve-se na seguinte questão: Como as professoras, que participam de um grupo cooperativo, vão construindo novos saberes e novas formas de compreender e lidar com a construção numérica, desenvolvendo uma postura de professora investigadora? . Foi utilizada a abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, inicialmente com a aplicação de entrevistas individuais, seguida da formação de um grupo de estudos, que conferiu ao trabalho uma natureza de cooperação entre as professoras participantes e a pesquisadora; isto se deu por meio de estudos, escolha, aplicação e reflexão de atividades de ensino Apoiado em investigações de pesquisadores que estudaram a construção numérica, procura evidenciar, por meio dos relatos apresentados nas entrevistas e nas discussões do grupo cooperativo (envolvendo professoras de Educação Infantil que lecionam na rede municipal de um município da Grande São Paulo), como se dá a prática pedagógica em relação à construção numérica e em que medida essa prática pode mudar por meio da participação das professoras em um grupo cooperativo. Neste grupo, as professoras discutiram textos, investigaram seus próprios alunos, promoveram discussões e analisaram os resultados das investigações à luz dos referenciais teóricos. Resultados de pesquisas e estudos já realizados, sobre a construção numérica, são pouco divulgados e, por meio das entrevistas, verificou-se que as professoras, não tendo acesso a tais estudos, não consideram as hipóteses das crianças acerca dos números. Assim, o trabalho tem como finalidade contribuir com a prática pedagógica das professoras, apresentando e desenvolvendo questões relativas ao eixo Matemática em Educação Infantil

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Mathias, Agocs. "HOW A MANUFACTURING ORGANISATION EVALUATE EFFECTIVNESS OF PERFORMANCE MEASURES; : A Case study in cooperation with Volvo Construction Equipment in Eskilstuna." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-23175.

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The purpose of this thesis is to point out how a company can gain a better process by using PM in an effective way. The report concludes that the existence in practice of theoretically important aspects are different, also that the most correct way of leading the aspects are through the creation of a PM process. During this thesis work the benefits with performance measurements have been analyzed. Since the genesis of the industrialisation there have been growing needs to identify ways of understanding how a company functions. One of the main events historically leading to the broad adoption of PM was the introduction of the DuPont model. The DuPont model developed by DuPont and General Motors during the beginning of the 20th century quickly became the industry standard in the US for financial analysis. The Dupont model gave PM a central role in evaluating the performance of a company. Companies are today driven towards a higher level of responsiveness and flexibility in order to remain competitive. In order to measure the advancement towards these objectives, an increasingly complex set of activities collection of PM to monitor performance satisfactorily. Often however, PM are still developed around traditional, functional metrics focusing on departmental issues, rather than on the whole value stream. There has also been analyzed how a manufacturing company can use PM in an effective way. Under this thesis it emerged that the most crucial factor affecting the companies PM was that it was hard to understand how to use it correctly. When a company use it correctly it determines where the company stands, if they want to be competitive in the future and a method to maintain a good value stream flow. The economical factors for the company are at least important because all decisions always include costly investments. At the same time a company’s PM must be as efficient as possible and generate a good investment. Also other factors have been presented in this thesis but do not affect the effectiveness of the PM. The most important factors found to a more effective PM were; does the PM fulfil its purpose, is the performance attained, to make the purpose explicit and at last boost the education around the subject. The whole research has been carried out over a twenty-week period, during that period data collection has been performed via case studies. The rest of the data collection has been collected through a literature review by examining relevant data to answer the two research questions. This thesis have led to a better understanding regarding how to use PM and the benefits of it. This are based on the collected data from the case studies and from the theoretical findings, the empirical data were analyzed in a way that the company understood what was wrong with today´s PM.

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Widmaier, Wesley William. "A constructivist theory of international monetary relations monetary understandings, state interests in cooperation, and the construction of crises (1929-2001) /." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3036613.

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LANGE, HOLGER. "Methodologie pour la construction d'un systeme d'analyse d'images de bas-niveau. Cooperation de la (stereo)photometrie et de la stereovision." Paris, ENMP, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ENMP0570.

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Nous proposons une nouvelle methodologie concrete pour surmonter le probleme des modules d'analyse d'images de bas-niveau d'etre mal-pose, qui se base sur l'integration de la connaissance complementaire sur le monde physique dans un systeme et la cooperation synthese analyse d'images. L'integration se fait par la cooperation des modules qui incorporent chacun une connaissance specifique. La methode de cooperation est basee sur la technique de decomposition et coordination derivee de l'algorithme d'uzawa. Elle conserve la modularite et garantit l'integrite de la methode et des parametres de resolution propres a chaque module. De plus, le systeme de cooperation reste ouvert, car il permet d'integrer facilement d'autres modules et d'interagir avec un systeme d'analyse d'images de haut-niveau. La cooperation est moins sensible au bon choix des parametres et ajoute la robustesse par rapport aux bruits et aux mauvaises conditions d'experimentation. Nous avons valide notre methodologie par la realisation d'un systeme qui fait la cooperation de la (stereo)photometrie et de la stereovision. Dans le module (stereo)photometrie, nous avons progresse vers une formulation avec des modeles physiques plus realistes (projection perspective, sources lumineuses ponctuelles et ambiante, modele de phong avec un aspect diffus et speculaire). Cette formulation plus generale nous a tout de meme permis d'obtenir de bons resultats, aussi bons voire meilleurs que les algorithmes cites dans la litterature. Pour le module stereovision, nous avons montre que la methode de recuit simule donne de meilleurs resultats que la methode de correlation. La cooperation des modules stereophotometrie et stereovision rend possible le calcul de la profondeur et des caracteristiques photometriques en meme temps et ameliore les resultats des modules par rapport a leur fonctionnement isole

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Yeung, Chong-tak Clarence, and 楊創德. "Hong Kong's major highways: a public-private partnerships approach to their construction and management." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31967437.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Construction of the cooperative'

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