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Academic literature on the topic 'Consumer behavior – Ethiopia'
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Journal articles on the topic "Consumer behavior – Ethiopia"
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Imiru, Getie Andualem. "The Effect of Packaging Attributes on Consumer Buying Decision Behavior in Major Commercial Cities in Ethiopia." International Journal of Marketing Studies 9, no. 6 (2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v9n6p43.
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Due to increasing self-service and changing consumers’ lifestyle, the interest in package as a tool of sales promotion and stimulator of impulsive buying behavior is growing increasingly. The objective of this survey was to examine the effect of packaging attributes on consumer buying decision behavior. A total of 384 questionnaires were distributed to standard supermarkets in Addis Ababa and other major cities in Ethiopia. Only 369 questionnaires were returned at the end of the data collection process, which gave the response rate of 96 per cent. However, during the data cleaning only 362 were usable and used for the subsequent statistical analysis. Data collected were analyzed using correlation and regression. Innovation has the strongest effect on cereal food purchase decision (0.392) followed by printed information (0.193), background image (0.168) and font size (0.168). However, there were no significant relationships between packaging color (-0.054) and packaging materials (0.016) in the purchase decision of the cereal packaged food. Ethiopian consumers do not give weight to packaging color and the quality of the packaging material. The findings of this survey will be used to make recommendations to marketers to enhance their level of insight about consumers buying decisions. However, there were no significant relationships between packaging color and packaging materials in the purchase decision of the cereal packaged food.
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D’Haene, Eline, Sam Desiere, Marijke D’Haese, Wim Verbeke, and Koen Schoors. "Religion, Food Choices, and Demand Seasonality: Evidence from the Ethiopian Milk Market." Foods 8, no. 5 (2019): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8050167.
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The impact of religious behavior on food systems in developing economies has been understated in scholarly studies. With its different Christian, Islamic, and traditional faiths, Ethiopia emerges as a suitable country to investigate the impact of religious practices on demand. The inclusion of livestock products in Ethiopian diets is extremely low, even by African standards, a phenomenon often explained by supply and marketing problems combined with low income levels. We deviate from this dominant narrative and single out the impact of religion. We show how fasting practices of Orthodox Christians, the largest religious group, affect milk intake decisions and channels through which consumed milk is sourced. Employing country-wide data collected by the Living Standards Measurement Studies, we find, as expected, that Orthodox fasting adversely affects milk consumption and decreases the share of milk sourced from own production in Orthodox households, an effect we quantify in this paper. Moreover, we observe spillover effects of Orthodox fasting on other religious groups in dominant Orthodox localities. Our findings improve understanding of the broader societal implication of religiously inspired consumption rituals and underscore the challenges resulting from religion-induced demand cycles to design policies that aim at developing the livestock sector.
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Alemu Zemene, Desta, and Belete Tewedros Hiluf. "The Influence of Waiting Lines Management on Customer Satisfaction in Commercial Bank of Ethiopia." Financial Markets, Institutions and Risks 3, no. 3 (2019): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/fmir.3(3).5-12.2019.
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The main objective of the study is to find out how queue management affects the level of customer satisfaction in the case of Commercial Bank of Ethiopia. The study tried to discover the impact of queue management in the Bank on the behavior of consumers the article is carried out in the following logical sequence: the nature and impact of queue management on customer satisfaction, evaluation of queue management mechanisms used, the key problems that face commercial Bank of Ethiopia in the implementation and administering of queue management. The methodological tools of the work include: the method of questioning (to collect primary information from both the client base and operational managers), descriptive statistics and STATA (for data analysis based on analytical statistical tools – frequency distribution tables, cross-tabulation), regression model (to determine the influence of independent variables on the dependent value). Independent factors are presented by the author in the form of waiting environment, perception of waiting time, the information provided to the client from the commercial Bank and queue discipline, dependent indicator – the level of customer satisfaction. As a result of the study, the author concludes that the majority of clients of the commercial Bank of Ethiopia are not satisfied with the current mechanisms of the queue management. The paper states that the key factor influencing customer satisfaction is the waiting time. The study empirically confirms that the Bank’s customers are not satisfied with the information that comes into the waiting room, and the conditions of waiting in banks. The author states the following reasons for dissatisfaction with the mechanisms of queue management on the part of customers: the use of a physical bank, manual queue measurement systems, poor-quality Internet banking, and mobile banking. The paper substantiates recommendations for Ethiopian commercial banks to increase their additional investment in queue management mechanisms, which will contribute to increasing customer satisfaction through the introduction of warning and alarm systems, the use of interactive communication, and advertising on television screens. Keywords: Commercial Bank, Customer satisfaction, Queue management mechanisms.
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Kahsay, Halefom, Mubarek Ahmedin, Binyam Kebede, Kiflay Gebrezihar, Haylay Araya, and Desta Tesfay. "Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Disposal Practice of Unused and Expired Pharmaceuticals in Community of Adigrat City, Northern Ethiopia." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2020 (April 14, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6725423.
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Background. Medicines have become part of our day-to-day life. Due to different reasons, patients may not use all the medications dispensed to them. The storage of drugs at home promotes self-medication, which results in variety of adverse consequences. Global growth in health-seeking awareness and behavior among people has resulted in increment of medicine consumption over years. However, Ethiopians have little awareness about proper disposal of unused and expired pharmaceuticals. Besides, large quantities remain unused or expired since not all medications given to the consumers are consumed. Hence, this study could serve as an indicator for the country policy makers concerning pharmaceutical waste management. Objective. To assess knowledge, attitude, and disposal practice of unused and expired pharmaceuticals in the community of Adigrat city, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019. Methodology. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 359 respondents from the residents of Adigrat city. Semistructured questionnaires, which focused on knowledge, attitudes, and disposal practices for unused and expired medications, were used to collect data from respondents. Epi-data 3.0 suite and the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 were used in data entry and analysis. Results. All of the 359 returned questionnaires were valid for data entry and analysis. Of the 359 respondents, 57.7% were men and the majority (93%) were Orthodox Christians. Almost half of the respondents (50.14%) have good knowledge concerning the disposal of unused and expired pharmaceuticals. Most (82.2%) of the respondents have a positive attitude towards the disposal of unused and expired pharmaceuticals. Around fifty-two (52.4) of the respondents had unused medicines stored at home, with analgesics being the most common (41.5%). Around three-quarters (75.2%) and 63% of the respondents discarded unused and expired medicines in the garbage bins, respectively. Conclusion. Although the majority of the respondents had a positive attitude towards the disposal of unused and expired medications, almost half of the sample population were unaware of proper disposal practices. Furthermore, less were inclined to practice proper disposal of unused and expired medications in the city. Therefore, we recommend further studies that focus on how the disposal attitude of the population can influence their knowledge and practice of the disposal of unused and expired medications.
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Amogne, Minilik Demissie, Anette Agardh, Ebba Abate, Jelaludin Ahmed, and Benedict Oppong Asamoah. "Determinants and consequences of heavy episodic drinking among female sex workers in Ethiopia: A respondent-driven sampling study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (2021): e0252432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252432.
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Background Female sex workers (FSW), due to their working conditions, have an increased likelihood of heavy episodic drinking (HED), which is associated with risky sexual behavior. Nevertheless the specific contribution of HED to risky sexual behavior among FSWs in Ethiopia is not well documented for prevention activities. Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the determinants and consequences of HED among FSWs in Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study using respondent-driven sampling was conducted among 4886 FSWs in 11 major towns in Ethiopia in 2014. A structured interview was performed, and data were examined using descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results Most (66%) FSWs consumed alcohol, and the prevalence of HED was 29.1%. Compared to street-based FSWs, those who worked in bars/hotels and local drinking houses had 2.19 and 1.29 times higher odds of HED, respectively. FSWs who started selling sex when younger than 18 years (compared to those who started when older than 25 years) and those who were forced into selling sex had 1.48 and 2.91 times higher odds of HED, respectively. FSWs with more income from selling sex and FSWs who chewed khat reported increased odds of HED. Moreover, FSWs with experience of HED reported 1.27 and 1.44 times higher odds of physical beating and condom breakage/slippage, respectively. Furthermore, the population attributable risk fraction of HED among FSWs showed that 6.2% of physical beating and 8.9% of condom breakage/slippage could be attributed to HED. Conclusion In general, several factors increase the experience of HED, and HED in turn increases the likelihood of violence and condom breakage. These factors could inform programs and intervention activities among FSWs populations.
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Melaku, Alebel, and Mohammed Ahmed Ebrahim. "Critical Review on Wild-Edible Fruit Species in Ethiopia." International Journal of Forestry Research 2021 (September 23, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8538188.
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Wild edible fruit species are commonly consumed and utilized in different parts of Ethiopia for staple food, filling seasonal food shortages, emergency food during a famine, and household income generation. There is a pressing need for domestication and improvement of some wild edible fruits for increased production, diversifying income for small-scale farmers, and conservation of the diminishing wild edible fruit resources. A total of 37 widely utilized and marketed wild edible fruit species falling into 23 families were recognized as of used in different parts of the country. Of which, 26 species are identified as available in local markets in different parts of the country. Ziziphus spina-christi, Syzygium guineense, Balanites aegyptiaca, and other nine species were identified as a priority wild edible fruit species from available information based on utilization extent, preference ranking by farmers, product marketability, and conservation needs for the species. There exists a lack of scientifically planned genetic variation evaluation, superior variety selection, genetic improvement, and seedling production initiatives for indigenous wild edible fruit species in Ethiopia. All of the 37 widely utilized and marketed wild fruit species have not developed to their full potential in terms of quality, production scale, and market in the country. Identifying and selecting priority species, strengthening botanical information, germplasm collection and improvement, production and processing technologies, increasing the supply of improved planting materials, and promoting on-farm cultivation of wild edible fruit-based agroforestry systems were identified as key future strategies for domestication and wider cultivation of wild edible fruit species.
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Wondemagegn, Fekade, and Tsegaye Berkessa. "High level risky sexual behavior among persons living with HIV in the urban setting of the highest HIV prevalent areas in Ethiopia: Implications for interventions." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (2020): e0242701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242701.
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Introduction Data on the sexual behavior among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) dwelling at HIV prevalent setting located at the periphery of Ethiopia is lacking. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate sexual practice of patients following their antiretroviral therapy (ART) service and factors affecting their behavior. Materials and methods A facility based cross-sectional study design was employed to assess risky sexual practice and associated factors among HIV positive adults attending ART clinics in Gambella town, Southwest Ethiopia. Risky sexual practice is defined as a custom of getting in at least one of the following practices such as condom-unprotected sex with any partner, having two or more sexual partners and practicing casual sex in the last three months. A total of 352 randomly selected clients were interviewed by using a structured questionnaire. The multivariable logistic regression model was used to examine the association between covariates and the outcome variable. Results Majority of the study participants were engaged at least in one of the risky sexual practices (79.8% confidence interval (CI): 75.3% - 83.9%). The multivariable analysis found that the odds of risky sexual practice were higher among individuals who use substances (‘khat’ users (AOR: 3.82, 95%CI:1.30–11.22), smoke cigarette (AOR:4.90, 95%CI:1.19–12.60), consume alcohol (AOR: 2.59, 95%CI:1.28–5.21)); those who never discuss about safe sex with their partner/s (AOR: 2.21, 95%CI:1.16–4.21); those who have been in attachment for longer duration (more than four years) with their partner (AOR: 3.56, 95%CI: 1.32–9.62); and groups who desire to bear children in their future life (AOR: 3.15, 95%CI:1.40–7.04) as compared to their respective comparison groups. Conclusions A significant number of participants were engaged at least in one of the risky sexual practices which potentially result in super infection by a new or/and drug resistant viral strain/s, and onward transmission of the virus. Thus, an HIV intervention program which focuses on the identified factors has to be implemented to mitigate risk of unsafe sexual behavior of this population group and move towards ending the HIV/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic.
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Ali, Tilahun, and Teshager Worku. "Current alcohol consumption and associated factors among school adolescents and youths in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis." SAGE Open Medicine 8 (January 2020): 205031212097415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312120974154.
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Background: The use of alcohol is an alarmingly growing public health concern worldwide, and it has an impact on younger generations. There are a few large scale and comprehensive nation-wise surveys conducted on the subject matter and study groups. Hence, the purpose of this study was to render strong evidence for policymakers and researchers on the prevalence of alcohol consumption and its associated factors among school adolescents and youths in Ethiopia. Methods: Systematic searching was conducted using electronic (Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Science direct), and grey literature sources. Cross-sectional studies conducted among adolescents and youths (12–24 years old) were included. Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool was used to assess the quality of studies. Heterogeneity was examined by using forest plot and I2 heterogeneity tests. Publication bias was also assessed by inspecting the funnel plot and Egger’s regression test. Stata/M16.0 for windows was used for the analysis. Results: A total of 26 studies were included in the final analysis with a total of 17,880 participants. The pooled prevalence of current alcohol consumption was 27.0% (95% CI = 22.0–32.0). In the subgroups, the prevalence of current alcohol consumption among high school, college, and university students was 23%, 27%, and 29%, respectively. The pooled data revealed that being a male (odds ratio = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.24–2.99), khat chewing (odds ratio = 6.65; 95% CI = 2.52–17.52), family members alcohol consumption behavior (odds ratio = 3.20; 95% CI = 2.08–5.17), and peer pressure (odds ratio = 3.79; 95% CI = 2.64–5.42) were significantly associated with alcohol consumption. Conclusion: The pooled analysis of 26 studies indicate that over a quarter of school adolescents and youths consume alcohol in Ethiopia. Hence, we recommend designing and implementing community and school-based intervention programs to tackle the growing problems of alcohol consumption and its multifaceted impacts.
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Gutema, Tariku Mekonnen, Anagaw Atickem, Diress Tsegaye, et al. "Foraging ecology of African wolves ( Canis lupaster ) and its implications for the conservation of Ethiopian wolves ( Canis simensis )." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 9 (2019): 190772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190772.
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African wolves (AWs) are sympatric with endangered Ethiopian wolves (EWs) in parts of their range. Scat analyses have suggested a dietary overlap between AWs and EWs, raising the potential for exploitative competition, and a possible conservation threat to EWs. However, in contrast to that of the well-studied EW, the foraging ecology of AWs remains poorly characterized. Accordingly, we studied the foraging ecology of radio-collared AWs ( n = 11 individuals) at two localities with varying levels of anthropogenic disturbance in the Ethiopian Highlands, the Guassa-Menz Community Conservation Area (GMCCA) and Borena-Saynt National Park (BSNP), accumulating 845 h of focal observation across 2952 feeding events. We also monitored rodent abundance and rodent trapping activity by local farmers who experience conflict with AWs. The AW diet consisted largely of rodents (22.0%), insects (24.8%), and goats and sheep (24.3%). Of the total rodents captured by farmers using local traps during peak barley production (July to November) in GMCCA, averaging 24.7 ± 8.5 rodents/hectare/day, 81% ( N = 3009) were scavenged by AWs. Further, of all the rodents consumed by AWs, most (74%) were carcasses. These results reveal complex interactions between AWs and local farmers, and highlight the scavenging niche occupied by AWs in anthropogenically altered landscapes in contrast to the active hunting exhibited by EWs in more intact habitats. While AWs cause economic damage to local farmers through livestock predation, they appear to play an important role in scavenging pest rodents among farmlands, a pattern of behaviour which likely mitigates direct and indirect competition with EWs. We suggest two routes to promote the coexistence of AWs and EWs in the Ethiopian highlands: local education efforts highlighting the complex role AWs play in highland ecosystems to reduce their persecution, and enforced protection of intact habitats to preserve habitat preferred by EWs.
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Regasa, Sema, Shimelis Mengistu, and Ashebr Abraha. "Milk Safety Assessment, Isolation, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Staphylococcus aureus in Selected Dairy Farms of Mukaturi and Sululta Town, Oromia Region, Ethiopia." Veterinary Medicine International 2019 (July 28, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3063185.
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A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk and swab, to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility profile, milk handling practice, and its associated risk factors in selected dairy farms of Mukaturi and Sululta Town, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. A total of 247 samples collected from dairy farms were examined using standard microbiological techniques. The antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the isolates were also investigated. The possible risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus contaminations in milk were evaluated through a structured questionnaire. Overall, 16.6% (n= 41) of the samples were positive for S. aureus. The prevalence of S. aureus was 15.3% from udder milk and 25%, 20%, and 10% from milkers’ hand, milking bucket, and drying towel swab, respectively. The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in milk showed statistically significant variation with respect to age (p≤ 0.001), parity (P≤ 0.001), drainage condition of milking area (P=0.035), study sites (P=0.035), and management system (P=0.035). Majority of the isolates were found resistant to penicillin G (97.6%) and amoxicillin (43.9%). According to this study, 12/28(42.9%) Staphylococcus aureus positive raw milk samples had 104-105cfu/ml S. aureus count, which is above the recommended level for human consumption. 47.1% of milking persons store milk at room temperature temporarily (between 6 and 12 hrs) till transport to collection center with no means of cooling aid. From consumers 25.6% had no health risk associated with raw milk consumption or aware of milk borne disease associated with drinking raw milk. Thus, 60.5% of milk users had habit of raw milk consumption. The study revealed a prevalence of S. aureus, poor milk handling practices, raw milk consumption behavior in study area. Proper handling and hygiene decrease milk contamination by S. aureus and make it safe for human consumption.