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E. Mang’unyi, Eric, and Krishna K. Govender. "Antecedents to consumer buying behavior: the case of consumers in a developing country." Innovative Marketing 15, no. 3 (September 27, 2019): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.15(3).2019.08.
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While consumers play a very crucial role in the marketing strategies of companies, effective development of strategies must satisfy their needs and wants. Therefore, an evaluation and understanding of the underlying factors and/or dimensions influencing consumer buying behavior are critical for supermarkets to both retain and acquire new customers. The article reports on factors impacting the consumer buying behavior and the relationship among the factors. The study uses data from a cross-sectional survey conducted within a random sample of 699 customers at 17 supermarkets in Nairobi, Kenya. Reliability and factorial validity of the self-administered questionnaire were evaluated and considered satisfactory, while structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to test several hypotheses. Social characteristics were a good predictor of the consumers’ inclination to patronize a supermarket, thus directly influencing the buying behavior. A strong positive connection between psychological factors and buying behavior was ascertained based on income, which suggests that although psychological characteristics impact consumer attitudes towards the supermarket, income and education levels may well play a determining role in this regard. Retail marketers in general and in Kenya in particular are encouraged to be cognizant of the above when developing strategic marketing programs to increase the level of patronage. As a research paper, the study is limited to the data and prior empirical research. It offers the benefit of new research directions for marketing managers in understanding and satisfying the consumers. The main contribution of the present research, interdisciplinary in nature due to combining elements linked to both marketing and psychology, is its focus on consumer buying behavior towards supermarkets in a developing country, thus producing revealing insights.
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BROYAKA, Antonina. "CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR IN THE MODERN MARKET ECONOMY." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 4 (44) (April 2019): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2019-4-4.
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The article investigates the peculiarities of consumer behavior in modern market conditions. The theoretical and methodological approaches to the consumer behavior formation are highlighted; the exogenous and endogenous factors affecting it are identified. The various models of consumer behavior are characterized, depending on their income level. It has been found that lower-income consumers are more likely to behave more rationally; they buy those products that meet urgent needs and are more attractive in price. The middle class mainly chooses products on the criterion of "price-quality". The degree of rationality in their behavior will depend on the stability of the economy and consumer expectations regarding real future income. As for high-income consumers, their demand does not depend on price, since the higher cost of the goods they buy undermines their wealth and status. The level and dynamics of incomes of the population of Ukraine, including in urban and rural areas, are analyzed. The analysis shows an increase in the share of the population with high incomes (for comparison, in 2018, 27.4% of Ukrainians had incomes over UAH 5,160 against 12.6% in 2017), and this trend is observed as in cities (30.5% in 2018 compared with 13.6% in 2017) and in rural areas (21.2% in 2018 compared with 10.4% in 2017). However, rural residents predominantly have lower total incomes compared with urban residents: in 2016, according to surveys of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, urban households received an average of 5842 UAH per month (per capita 28080 UAH), rural - 5871 UAH (per capita 2,706 UAH) in 2017 - respectively 7,749 UAH (per capita 3,725 UAH) and 7,542 UAH (per capita 3,476 UAH) in 2018 - respectively 9,722.5 UAH and 9073.3 UAH. The increase in income is due to an increase in the minimum and average level of wages, the volume of transfer payments (in particular, subsidies and other types of social assistance), income from entrepreneurial activity, and etc. A significant part of the incomes of the Ukrainian population is occupied by wages, which increased from 40.8% in 2010 to 45.6% in 2017. However, this is a statement of nominal income growth, which is not enough to meet even the basic needs of consumers in the conditions of rapid price increase. Despite the actual increase in incomes, the purchasing power of consumers in Ukraine is quite low, which is caused by a decrease in real incomes of the population. The dynamics and cost structure of Ukrainian consumers is investigated. The imbalance of the budget of consumers, as well as the lack of actual income to meet the existing needs of the population, are revealed. The gap between the incomes of the population and its expenditures on the purchase of goods and services is quite small, meaning that Ukrainians spend almost all their money resources on current consumption, and thus the possibility of accumulating savings is low, which in turn reduces the prospect of increasing demand for more expensive goods, including long-term use, travel, real estate and more. The lowest share of expenditures on purchasing goods and services in the annual income in the period 2005-2017 was 76% in 2010 and the highest in 2017 was 89%. According to preliminary results of 2018, the share of expenses of Ukrainians in their income is on the average within 85%. Consumers spend more than half of their income on food, driven by low wages for most workers, high unemployment and underemployment, the disparity in current prices and real incomes of the population. The share of household expenditures on housing maintenance (including ongoing repairs), water, electricity, gas and other fuels is rising from 10.26% in 2010 to 18.3% in 2017. Consumers spend about 6% of their income on buying clothes and shoes (with 27.5% of the population having insufficient funds to upgrade their outerwear and shoes for the cold season once every 5 years). On average, only 4% of their budget is spent on healthcare. The GDP indicator and deflator indices, which are indicators of the real consumer purchasing power, are analyzed. Comparing the GDP deflator and the consumption deflator, we see that their dynamics in 2010-2014 have had a similar trend, but since the turning point of 2016, which is characterized by an increase in physical GDP, consumers are behaving more restrained about purchases, even as the pace of growth slows and the gradual signs of overcoming the negative effects of the crisis. The reason for this behavior of consumers is pessimistic expectations about the future economic situation in the country, reduction of accumulated savings, and an increase in the poverty level of the population. The happiness index is considered as a criterion that affects the propensity to consumption and saving. Analyzing the ranking of the countries of the world by the index of happiness, it should be noted that in 2018, Ukraine ranked 138th out of 156 countries, down 6 steps, compared to the previous year. The measures to increase the economic efficiency of consumer behavior and maximization of its utility are proposed. Under the conditions of insufficient financial and material security of the population of Ukraine, an important step of the state for maintaining the purchasing power of consumers is subsidizing public utilities, providing benefits and subsidies for obtaining health care services, transportation, recreation, catering and more. However, such a tool will not give the expected results without comprehensive treatment of the country's economy. It is necessary to reform the remuneration system, in particular to work out an organizational and economic mechanism for legalizing the shadow wage, collecting relevant social contributions and taxes from it; to improve the methodology for establishing a living minimum and bring it into line with the real needs of the consumer; systematically carry out proper indexation of income, especially in private business; increase targeted investment in capital expansion of the real sector of the economy, which will simultaneously increase jobs quantity, GDP and household incomes; to revise the regulation of prices for of essential commodities and many other measures.
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Purnama, Septian Maulana, Rudi Wibowo, and Ati Kusmiati. "FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERMINTAAN DAN PERILAKU KONSUMEN RUMAH TANGGA TERHADAP DAGING SAPI DI KABUPATEN JEMBER." JSEP (Journal of Social and Agricultural Economics) 9, no. 3 (November 15, 2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jsep.v9i3.5813.
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Beef is one of the food requirements strategically in Indonesia. Consumption of beef each year has increased, while the price of beef also increased, it is contrary to the demand theory. The purpose of this research to know (1) what factors that influence the beef demand in Jember Regency; (2) what factors that influence the behavor of household consumer to consume in Jember Regency (3) preference of household consumer behavior for beef in Jember Regency The research method uses descriptive method and analytic method. The Data analysis use Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, Factor Analysis and Fishbein Multiatribut Analysis. Results from this study indicate (1) the factors affecting demand, namely, income level, chicken meat prices, and population (2) factors that influence the behavior of household consumers to consume in Jember: cultural factor, external character factors of consumers, social factors, the perception factor, privacy factor and motivation factors (3) Household consumer preferences for beef of three variables alternately; piece of meat, meat color and fat content.
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Yusuf, Yulfirah, A. Amrullah, and A. Nixia Tenriawaru. "PERILAKU KONSUMEN PADA PEMBELIAN BERAS DI KOTA MAKASSAR (Cunsomer Behavior on Purchasing Rice in Makassar City)." Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian 14, no. 2 (July 16, 2018): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/jsep.v14i2.3695.
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One of the variables that cause differences in consumer behavior of rice is income. The purpose of this study is to identify the level of consumer income, rice attributes selected by consumers, and analyze the relationship between the level of consumer income with rice attributes. This research was conducted in Makassar City which is in traditional market of Pa'baeng-baeng and modern market of Lotte Mart. The object of research is the direct consumers who come shopping in the market Pa'baeng-baeng and Lotte Mart consists of 30 respondents respectively. The method of analysis is done by descriptive and Chi Square. The results show that the quality, packing, and price attributes are related to the income level. While the physical attributes of rice are not related to income levels.
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Joo, Hailey Hayeon, Minki Kim, Jungmin Lee, and Pradeep Chintagunta. "Drinking Through Good Times and Bad: The Role of Consumer Differences." Journal of Marketing Research 58, no. 4 (June 24, 2021): 721–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00222437211017460.
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The authors revisit the question of alcohol consumption and public health over business cycles by decomposing overall alcohol consumption into drinking frequency and intensity in relation to consumer heterogeneity. To study this question, they use consumer-level panel data on the reported consumption (not purchases) of beer, which is the most heavily consumed alcoholic beverage and accounts for the majority of binge drinking in the United States. Leveraging the panel nature of the data, the authors find a negative (positive) relationship between unemployment and drinking frequency (intensity). Total consumption, which is the product of drinking frequency and intensity, is procyclical. To uncover differences in behavior across consumers and to provide policy recommendations at a segment level, the authors present a structural model where consumers simultaneously choose the frequency and intensity of their alcohol consumption. They find differences across consumers in their behaviors, notably with respect to income and age. They conduct policy simulations to compare the effectiveness of alcohol-related policies to counter the adverse effects of recessions on the health of vulnerable groups such as low-income and elderly populations.
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Lao, Kefu. "Research on mechanism of consumer innovativeness influencing green consumption behavior." Nankai Business Review International 5, no. 2 (May 27, 2014): 211–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nbri-11-2013-0041.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the mechanism of the influence of consumer innovativeness (CI) on consumer-reasoned green consumption (GC) behavior to understand more about this behavior and help improve the practice of green marketing. Design/methodology/approach – To understand more about GC behavior and help to improve the practice of green marketing, this paper tries to explore the mechanism of CI influences on consumer-reasoned GC behavior. Findings – This study shows that CI has a significant influence on GC behavior. Its mechanism is that CI directly influences consumer attitude, subjective norm (SN) and perceived behavioral control (PBC) of GC, and then further influences GC intention and behavior. The direct influence of GC attitude on intention is not significant, but GC intention is indirectly influenced via SN by attitude. Moreover, male, young, highly educated and high-income consumers have stronger CI; the influence of CI on GC behavior is more significant in male, old, less-educated and low-income consumers. Research limitations/implications – This research focuses on consumption behaviors which are reasoned and environment condition-constrained only, and its findings cannot be generalized to impulsive consumption behaviors. The influence of CI on impulsive consumption behaviors should be further researched. Practical implications – Company managers should utilize new technology and design to make green products more innovative and fashionable to attract more customers. Social implications – Instead of environment protection propaganda and education, society and market supervisors should lay the key point of GC incentive on the draft and implementation of law and regulation. Originality/value – This research is an initial attempt to establish the relationship between CI and GC behaviors and generate a news research area in green marketing.
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ZEMSKOVA, E. S. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC PORTRAIT OF THE CONSUMER IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1, no. 10 (2020): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.10.01.005.
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The subject of this article is consumer behavior in the digital economy. The aim of the work is to build a portrait of a digital consumer. Based on data from open sources, the determinants of consumer behavior in the context of digital transformation were analyzed: values underlying consumer behavior, belonging to a certain generation, using the possibilities of the digital economy for consumption, place of residence, income level, consumed content, etc. made it possible to take into account the named institutional characteristics and draw up a portrait of a “digital consumer” that can be used to model the behavior of such a consumer.
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Repin, S. S. "Economic theory: patterns of consumer behavior." Entrepreneur’s Guide 14, no. 3 (July 7, 2021): 172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24182/2073-9885-2021-14-3-172-178.
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Mahendra, Mas’ud, and Wenny Mamilianti. "Persepsi konsumen dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian beras premium." Journal of Agricultural Socio-Economics (JASE) 1, no. 1 (July 28, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.33474/jase.v1i1.7150.
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Increasing rice consumption in Indonesia provides a great opportunity in the rice business. Rice's business development is marked by the emergence of rice producers with various brands and qualities. Improving the standard of living of the Indonesian people also affects consumer behavior in choosing rice to be consumed. This change in consumer behavior is responded by rice producers by producing super quality rice or often called premium rice. The rise of premium rice sales now needs a study of consumer behavior towards premium rice purchasing decisions. This study aims to analyze consumers' perceptions of premium rice and analyze the factors that influence consumer behavior in purchasing premium rice. The study's location was determined intentionally in the city of Pasuruan, and respondents were 100 rice consumers through convenience sampling. The method of data analysis uses tabulation description analysis and regression Logit models. The results showed consumers' perceptions of premium rice by 47% the price of premium rice is higher, 53% the color is perfect, 56% expressed better dexterity, 51% better aroma, 47% endurance as well as other rice, 78% uniformity of grain better, and 49% stated that cleanliness was the same as other rice. Consumer perception of the belief in premium rice that 47% of consumers stated that premium rice is better than medium rice. The factors that significantly influence the purchase of premium rice are education, income, and the number of household members.
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Gundala, Raghava R., and Anupam Singh. "What motivates consumers to buy organic foods? Results of an empirical study in the United States." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (September 10, 2021): e0257288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257288.
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Consumers perceive organic foods as more nutritious, natural, and environmentally friendly than non-organic or conventional foods. Since organic foods developed, studies on consumer behavior and organic foods have contributed significantly to its development. The presesent study aims to identify the factors affecting consumer buying behaviour toward organic foods in the United States. Survey data are collected from 770 consumers in the Midwest, United States. ANOVA, multiple linear regression, factor analysis, independent t-tests, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis are used to analyze the collected primary data. This research confirms health consciousness, consumer knowledge, perceived or subjective norms, and perception of price influence consumers’ attitudes toward buying organic foods. Availability is another factor that affected the purchase intentions of consumers. Age, education, and income are demographic factors that also impact consumers’ buying behavior. The findings help marketers of organic foods design strategies to succeed in the US’s fast-growing organic foods market.
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Arısoy, Hasan, and Zeki Bayramoğlu. "Consumers’ Determination of Red Meat and Meat Products Purchase Behaviour – City of Ankara Sample." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 3, no. 1 (August 6, 2014): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v3i1.28-34.168.
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Nowadays, meat consuming level is an indicator of development of countries. The reason for this is the importance of animal proteins such as meat, milk and egg in human nutrition. People in Turkey do not get enough animal protein. Increase of meat and meat related product prices is effective on this. The purpose of this study is to bring up the purchase and consume behavior of consumers. Surveys completed in urban areas around city of Ankara are used primarily. Using Main Mass Ratio Based Simple Occurrence Probability Sampling method 338 families were interviewed. Completed surveys were separated into 3 groups; high, middle, low. As a result of the research, expense for food in total income is around %34. This ratio for families with low income is %53, for families with middle income is %35 and for families with high income is %33. It is found that as income levels of consumers raised, food expenses raise as well. But it shows that as income level increases, expense ratio for food decreases. Food reliability is the most effective factor on consumers’ decision of purchase. Studies show doubts of consumers about food reliability. It is understood that legal adjustments are not applied enough. Especially tight food inspections would be positive on consumer behavior.
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Pllana, Mustafe, and Saranda Tufa. "Fish Market, Consumption and Consumer Behavior." International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 7, no. 2 (April 2018): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2018040103.
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This article describes how fish is a primary source of nutrition and fisheries are a primary source of income. The health benefits for people eating fish are: reduction of risk of heart attack, lower blood pressure, reduction of risk of cancer, balancing dietary cholesterol and other health benefits. In addition to health, recreational fishing activity are contributing to a healthier population, where millions of people are finding pleasure but also sporting the fishing industry. Trend growth is expected in the future, even in developed countries. Factors which affect fish consumption are: culture and tradition, market, e.g. economic conditions, price, and income; personal factors e.g. taste, smell, bones, habit, awareness of health impact, ignorance of preparation; knowledge of these factors, views, preferences regarding fish. Kosovo has around 1,8 million inhabitants, with a fish consumption per capita of 0,8 kg of fish per year. This article will examine consumer behavior at Kosovo fish markets, based on data collected from the field research.
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Rawat, Surya Rashmi. "Impact of Age and Income Over Green Consumer Behavior." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 8, S4 (February 1, 2015): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2015/v8is4/60349.
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Diebold, Francis X. "Intertemporal consumer behavior under changes in income: a comment." Econometric Reviews 8, no. 1 (January 1989): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07474938908800155.
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Brumfield, Robin G., Adesoji O. Adelaja, and Kimberly Lininger. "Consumer Tastes, Preferences, and Behavior in Purchasing Fresh Tomatoes." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 118, no. 3 (May 1993): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.118.3.433.
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Face-to-face interviews of produce customers at Kings Super Markets in New Jersey yielded data on consumers' tastes and preferences, quantities purchased, and prices paid for fresh tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Purchase behavior indicated that during the local season, consumers preferred tomatoes grown in New Jersey to tomatoes from other origins. Data were fitted to demand equations to determine the factors affecting demand for fresh tomatoes. Tomato origin significantly influenced consumer purchases. Consumer perceptions of product characteristics such as color, freshness nutrition, and appearance do not appear to significantly influence tomato purchase patterns. However, prices of the) tomatoes or substitutes and income were important determinants of quantity purchased of both New Jersey grown and other tomatoes. New Jersey grown tomatoes were generally perceived to be of superior quality.
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Manandhar, Binita. "Consumer Buying Behavior for Nondurable Goods." Management Dynamics 22, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 47–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/md.v22i1.30238.
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The aims of the study is to analyse consumer buying behavior for non-durable goods. Descriptive and causal research design was used. Structure questionnaires were administered to gather responses. Measurement instrument is based on five point Likert scale. The study confirmed perceived quality influence on consumer purchase decision. There were no significance differences on consumer purchase decision regarding age and income level of respondents.
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Manandhar, Binita. "Consumer Buying Behavior for Nondurable Goods." Management Dynamics 22, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 47–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/md.v22i2.30238.
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The aims of the study is to analyse consumer buying behavior for non-durable goods. Descriptive and causal research design was used. Structure questionnaires were administered to gather responses. Measurement instrument is based on five point Likert scale. The study confirmed perceived quality influence on consumer purchase decision. There were no significance differences on consumer purchase decision regarding age and income level of respondents.
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Walters, S. Alan, Kurt T. Range, Bradley H. Taylor, and Wanki Moon. "Consumer Attitudes for Asian Vegetables in Direct Markets." HortTechnology 18, no. 3 (January 2008): 500–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.18.3.500.
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Because the demand for Asian vegetables is rapidly increasing in the United States, these crops may provide local market growers new revenue opportunities with high returns per acre. However, consumer attitudes and purchasing habits regarding Asian vegetable crops are poorly understood. Therefore, consumers were surveyed in two direct-market venues (on-farm and farmers market) to measure their familiarity and preferences for Asian vegetables. Attributes that may influence buying decisions such as purchase frequency, consumption behavior, and knowledge of preparation and use were measured. Respondents were generally not familiar with fresh Asian vegetables. Although greater than 80% consumed less than 5 lb per year and less than once per month, the consumers surveyed expressed a strong interest to learn more about these vegetables. Consumers purchased Asian vegetables most often at supermarkets (29.4%) and restaurants (28.1%), and much less at local direct markets (12.5%). Results also indicated that Asians as well as consumers with higher income levels were most likely to consume these vegetables. Thirty-eight percent of consumers strongly indicated that the availability of recipes for various Asian vegetables at direct markets would increase the likelihood for purchase; thus, the opportunity exists to add these vegetables to local production and marketing systems, if recipes were made available at the point-of-purchase.
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Sharma, Rajesh. "Understanding Indian Consumer Attitudes towards Celebrity Based Television Advertising (CBTA)." Management and Labour Studies 34, no. 2 (May 2009): 165–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0258042x0903400201.
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Despite the obvious economic advantage of using relatively unknown personalities as endorsers in advertising campaigns, the choice of celebrities to fulfill that role has become common practice for companies competing in today's cluttered media environment During the past decades, celebrities have had a growing influence on consumers through mass media such as television. The proliferation of entertainment media worldwide has increased the exposure of celebrities to consumers and given them i.e., celebrities, an iconic status. In this article, we explore few important research questions. First, we seek to determine how attractive is celebrity based television advertising (CBTA) to the Indian consumer and what is the effect of CBTA on consumers' brand choice behavior? Next, we seek to explain how important is the celebrity-product match up? Lastly we seek to explain whether consumer attitudes towards CBTA, with respect to brand-choice behavior, vary by demographic variables such as sex and income. These research objectives were pursued through the empirical study of respondents in New Delhi. The data was analyzed primarily by One Sample t-test and One Way ANOVA. The main findings showed that the Indian consumers were interested in celebrity endorsements in advertising and found it attractive. Further, CBTA was found to positively influence consumers' brand choice behaviour. The study also found that celebrity-product match up was important for customers and that consumers' brand-choice is influenced by CBTA, due to demographic characteristics such as sex and income.
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Priyono, Basuki Sigit, Nyayu Neti Arianti, and Tumbur Masco H. Siahaan. "ANALISIS PERILAKU KONSUMEN PRODUK SYNGENTA: Kasus di Kecamatan Ketahun Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara." Jurnal AGRISEP 9, no. 2 (September 3, 2010): 120–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jagrisep.9.2.120-129.
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The purposes of this research are to determine the factors related to consumer perception on Syngenta products; to analyse relation between farmer perceptionon Syngenta product and purchasing behavior; and to examine the most product used by consumer.The research is done intentionally to 96 respondents. Two method analyses use in this study, i.e., a descriptive analysis and Rank Kendall correlation (t). The study finds that family income and farmer views significantly correlate to the consumer perception on Syngenta products, whereas the farm area and farmer experience are not. This study also concludes that consumer perception Syngenta product is not related tothe purchasing behavior. According to respondents,they often use herbicide of gramoxone.Key words : Syngenta Product, Consumers Perception, Consumer Behavior,
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P. Govender, Jeevarathnam, and Tushya L. Govender. "The influence of green marketing on consumer purchase behavior." Environmental Economics 7, no. 2 (June 3, 2016): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.07(2).2016.8.
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Global warming, pollution and climate change are some of the problems that have become an increasingly concerning issue internationally. Environmental deterioration has led to businesses changing the way in which they conduct themselves, leading to the emergence of green marketing. A considerable amount of research has been conducted on green marketing and consumer behavior, mainly, in developed countries. There is, however, a noticeable dearth of knowledge pertaining to consumers in South Africa. Thus, the aim of this paper is to examine, at an exploratory level, the influence of green marketing on the purchasing behavior of South African consumers. A survey was conducted on a sample of 100 consumers using a quantitative, exploratory and descriptive design. The results indicate that South African citizens have high knowledge levels on the issues facing the environment. Elements of the green marketing mix, specifically, green promotion, were found to raise awareness and encourage positive change in consumption behavior. A large proportion of respondents preferred to patronize socially responsible retailers. Furthermore, respondents preferred green products over standard alternatives. However, they were price sensitive which affected their purchasing decisions. It emerged that there was no significant difference between low and high income earners in terms of price sensitivity, and no significant difference between lower and higher qualified respondents in terms of knowledge and awareness of environmental degradation and green marketing
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Wang, Lijuan, and Songbai Liu. "Study on the Influencing Factors and Consumer Behaviors of Bicycle Sharing in Beijing." International Journal of Marketing Studies 11, no. 1 (January 11, 2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v11n1p40.
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This paper aims to explore the factors that affect consumer behavior in Beijing bicycle sharing. According to the questionnaire survey, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use have positive impacts on consumer intentions. However, owing to the relatively high income of the sample population, the economic cost is also positively related to the intentions of consumers, and consumers’ intentions are negatively related to actual behavior. This study provides a new contribution to the literature and a business opportunity. This study also provides a reference for market segmentation and the target population of the sharing economy.
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Mongi, Anastasia I., E. Wantasen, A. H. S. Salendu, and M. Manese. "KARAKTERISTIK KONSUMEN DALAM PEMBELIAN DAGING SAPI DI KOTA MANADO (STUDI KASUS DI TRANSMART CARREFOUR STAR SQUARE MANADO)." ZOOTEC 39, no. 2 (July 23, 2019): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.39.2.2019.25484.
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CONSUMERS CHARACTERISTICS IN PURCHASING BEEF IN MANADO CITY (Case Study On Transmart Carrefour Star Square Manado).Beef is one of the products farm source of protein easily found in the modern market and traditional markets. Consumer behavior is the study of decision making.Consumer characteristics are part of consumer behavior so companies that sell products need to recognize consumer characteristics and decision models made by consumers and innovate on beef attributes so that they can attract consumers to buy. Respondents in this stady were 100 determined by the probability of sampling non next using descriptive analysis through the questionnaire to know the types of buyers. The results showed that the types of buyers of beef in transmart Carrefour star square manado dominated by consumers women are mostly housewives with average ages of more than 40 years, monthly income on 3 million with the education level medium to collage.Keywords : Beef, consumer characteristics, beef attribute
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Damayanti, Failla Rhomtika, Jangkung Handoyo Mulyo, and Any Suryantini. "THE CONSUMPTION OF ORGANIC RICE IN THE HOUSEHOLD LEVEL AT SLEMAN REGENCY." Agro Ekonomi 24, no. 2 (November 30, 2013): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/agroekonomi.17204.
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The purpose of this study: 1) how does the organic rice consumer behavior at the houshehold level in Sleman Regency? 2) How do the characteristic of consumed organic rice? 3) ehat are the factors that influence the amount of organic rice consumption at the household level in SLeman Regency?The respondents were households that consume organic rice and live in Sleman Regency. In order to know organic rice consumer behavior, the variable that observed include. The decision makers, the main reason, place of purchase, intencity, amount, and the percentage of organic rice consumption. The characteristics of organic rice determined from varieties and brands of consumed organic rice. To determine the factors that influence the amount of organic rice consumption the tested variables were education level, organic rice prices, the price of substitute goods, family size, income, the price of complementary goods, and the main reason to consume organic rice.Results of this research indicate, 1) decision-making in organic rice consumption is determined by the wife (92,5%), the main source of information comes from the electronics media (32.2%), the main reason of organic rice consumption is the health factor (80%), most consumers choose distributor as a polace to purchase organic rice, the main reason is good service (35%), organic rice consumption intensity is continuously (67,5%) and the amount of consumption pe month is 10-20 kg, 2) consumers of organic rice in Sleman mostly (22,5%) consume organic rice from pandan wangi variety with JOL brands that have a characteristic of dull white color, rice washing color level is quite clear, fragrant rice aroma, rough texture, low broken rice percentage, slightly sweet taste, high fluffer level and more durable resistance (not perishable) 3) factors that positively affect organic rice consumption are the number of family members, the price of non-organic rice, corn prices and negatively by price of organic rice.
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Battagin, Heloísa Valarine, Begoña Panea, and Marco Antonio Trindade. "Study on the Lamb Meat Consumer Behavior in Brazil." Foods 10, no. 8 (July 23, 2021): 1713. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10081713.
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In Brazil, the sheep market, including lamb meat consumption, is regionalized, and the consumption of lamb meat is higher in production areas; yet, consumption of lamb still remains below that of other meat livestock. The aim of this study was to identify the profile of Brazilian lamb meat consumers in order to understand their behavior in relation to food in general and on the consumption of this species. Therefore, a survey on consumer habits and preferences regarding food buying and consumption habits, their preferences in relation to the quality attributes of lamb meat, and sociodemographic characterization was performed. Data collected were analyzed by nonlinear canonic relationship analysis and categorical principal component analysis, followed by multiple factor analysis. Three consumer profiles were identified: traditional, interested, and disinterested, and a fourth group was considered independent but could not be described. Among lamb meat consumers, men with higher income seemed to be more frequent consumers than the others, and the intrinsic characteristics of meat quality, especially color and freshness, were the most important at the time of purchase. Thus, the results could be important to the industry in order to guide marketing strategies to certain niche markets.
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Uzunoz, Meral, and Yasar Akcay. "A Case Study of Probit Model Analysis of Factors Affecting Consumption of Packed and Unpacked Milk in Turkey." Economics Research International 2012 (November 8, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/732583.
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This paper focused on the effects of some sociodemographic factors on the decision of the consumer to purchase packed or unpacked fluid milk in Sivas, Turkey. The data were collected from 300 consumers by using face-to-face survey technique. The sample size was determined using the possibility-sampling method. Probit model has been used to analyze the socioeconomic factors affecting milk consumption of households. Four estimators (household size, income, milk preferences reason, and milk price) in the probit model were found statistically significant. According to empirical results, consumers with lower household size and higher income levels tend to consume packed milk consumption. Our study findings suggest that consumers who were sensitive to price were less likely to consume packed milk and believe that packed milk price is expensive compared to unpacked milk price. Also, milk price was effective factor concerning packed and unpacked milk consumption behavior. The majority of consumers read the contents of packed fluid milk and are affected by safety food in their shopping preferences.
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Maitah, Mansoor, Rami Hodrab, Karel Malec, and Sawsan Abu Shanab. "Exploring the Determinants of Consumer Behavior in West Bank, Towards Domestic and Imported Dairy Products." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 63, no. 1 (2015): 355–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201563010355.
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This paper aims to investigate factors influencing the purchasing behavior of Palestinian customers towards domestic and imported dairy products (Israeli and foreign). The secondary data were obtained from the competent authorities. On the other hand, primary data were gathered by utilizing personal interviews and questionnaires. 450 questionnaires were distributed to all governorates of the West Bank. It has been concluded from statistical results that middle-income households concern mainly about quality, image and product validity period. In contrast, low-income households consider mainly product price. The consumer was satisfied with Israeli products that meet his needs. On the other hand, local consumer highly considered price and personal knowledge when purchasing local dairy products. Advertising negatively affected the consumer purchasing behavior of Israeli and foreign dairy products, in contrast it positively affected his behavior when purchasing local dairy products. Period of validity was the most influential factor on the purchasing decision for domestic and imported dairy products. It has been found that consumer expenditures on Israeli dairy products were the highest followed by local and foreign products. Recommendations are as follows: i) producers should develop products that could meet the needs and desires of consumers, ii) draw effective marketing policies, depending on technologists specialized in dairy industry, iii) take into account consumer awareness when developing advertising strategy, and iv) quality control should be adjusted in accordance with product specifications and standards.
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Hartono, Budi, Umi Wisapti Ningsih, and Nila Fithria Septiarini. "PERILAKU KONSUMEN DALAM PEMBELIAN BAKSO DI MALANG." Buletin Peternakan 35, no. 2 (June 27, 2012): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v35i2.600.
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<p>The objective of this research were to analyzed the characteristics and the factors influencing the purchasing of meatballs in Malang. The research was conducted in Malang, East Java in March 2011. One hundred and twenty consumers were chosen as respondents by Accidental Sampling method. Data were analyzed by descriptive and factor analyses. The results showed that most customers were women, student status, with the age below 35 years old, and incomes level of IDR 1.000.000,00 into IDR 2.000.000,00 per month. The meatball`s price was affordable by the consumers. The meatball`s purchasing patterns showed that the meatball was consumed not as a main meal but only for culinary, hobby and also as snacks. The eight factors considered by consumers of meatball purchasing consecutively were price, social class, accessibility, parking, display presentation, satisfaction, income and demographics, respectively.</p><p><br />(Key words: Consumer`s behavior, Considerance factor, Meatball)<br /><br /></p>
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Chuanmin, S., Y. Xiaomin, Z. Yukun, S. Chuanxi, and D. Penghui. "Consumer behavior on low-carbon agri-food purchase: a carbon labeling experimental study in China." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 60, No. 3 (March 27, 2014): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/20/2013-agricecon.
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By adopting the scenario experimental methodology of carbon labelling on agri-food products, coupled with 873 questionnaires collected from six cities in China, we made a statistical analysis of different types of consumers’ behaviour on the low-carbon agri-food purchase by using the SPSS software. The results indicate that: (1) there are great differences of the low-carbon purchasing behaviour between different types of consumers: male groups at young and middle-aged, especially those who are highly educated and better paid in economically developed areas, have strong low-carbon product purchasing powers; (2) consumers’ low-carbon purchasing behaviour is highly correlated with their preference for low-carbon products; (3) young consumers and some of the high-income consumers have a weak environmental consciousness and; (4) consumer’s perception on government policies and the implementing efficiency shows a positive moderating effect on the consumers’ low-carbon purchasing behaviour. Finally, we proposed policy recommendations accordingly based on the findings of this study for further facilitating low-carbon consumption in China.
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Dick, Trevor J. O. "Consumer Behavior in the Nineteenth Century and Ontario Workers, 1885–1889." Journal of Economic History 46, no. 2 (June 1986): 477–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700046271.
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Cross-section data on expenditure patterns and time-series data on nominal national income and the characteristics of the consuming population are combined to yield aggregate expenditure and household budget share estimates for Canadians from 1870 to 1914. Recently developed econometric techniques are used to produce the new time series. Unlike older estimates that give relatively stable budget shares, the new series break at 1900. This finding has significant implications for the debate over Canadian real income changes in the period, a debate prolonged by problems of converting nominal into real income and of estimating real consumption directly.
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Tuktamysheva, L. M., and O. B. Chaganova. "MODELING THE DYNAMICS OF FINANCIAL AND CONSUMER BEHAVIOR OF RUSSIANS." Intelligence. Innovations. Investment, no. 1 (2021): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2021-1-65.
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The issue of studying the socio-economic inequality of the population in the regional context is a broad field for research. Of interest are studies based on the analysis of the relationships between the population’s income, debt load or the propensity to accumulation of money, as well as the population’s ability to spend leisure time in restaurants and other similar establishments. The purpose of the article is to identify the features and analyze the dynamics of financial and consumer behavior of the population of the Russian Federation in the regional context. The article studies the financial and consumer behavior of the population of Russian regions, both in time and spatial terms, based on open data from SBER. The spatial regression heterogeneity of data is proved by using the multidimensional classification methods and the time heterogeneity of data is proved by using special statistical criteria used in time series analysis. The revealed differentiation of the regions of the Russian Federation in terms of financial and consumer behavior shows the stability of the class with the highest incomes and consumer expenditures. This class includes the capital regions and the Northern regions where mining operations as economic activity is developed. Meanwhile, almost all of Central Russia belongs to regions with very low incomes, which means that the population of these regions does not have the opportunity to saving up. The population of these regions is characterized by the lowest spending not only in restaurants, but also in fast food cafes. The developed system of equations model based on panel data has a scientific novelty, which allows displaying structural relationships between the population’s income, financial and consumer behavior. In future research, when information for 2020 becomes publicly available, the model parameters should be re-evaluated, and to account for the impact of quarantine measures, appropriate variables (dummies, perhaps) may be introduced into the model. The obtained results and conclusions can be used in the development and evaluation of the effectiveness of projects aimed at demographic development or any socio-economic programs.
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Omezzine, A., G. V. Chomo, and O. AI-Jabri. "Demand Analysis of Selected Fruits and Vegetables in Oman." Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences [JAMS] 3, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jams.vol3iss1pp19-26.
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Consumer behavior and prospective changes in demand of food product have a significant impact on production and distribution decisions. Consumer responsiveness to changes in prices, income and other demand determinants is very important to production and market decision-makers. The present study estimates demand responses for selected fruits and vegetables in Oman using consumer aggregated national data. The main objective is to generate information needed for making public as well as private decisions. Results indicate that most fruit and vegetable consumers respond to price, and income changes in the expected manner. Responses are different from one commodity to another depending on its nature and importance in the consumer's diet habits. In a few cases income is not a significant determinant of the demand. Moreover, many fruits and vegetables have shown a relationship of substitution and complementary consistent with Omani diet. These results are useful in farmers and distributers to allow them to adjust their production and marketing services according to the consumer’s response.
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Suleman, Dede, Hapzi Ali, Dewi Nusraningrum, and Mochammad Mukti Ali. "Consumer Factors in Choosing Shopping Place in 4.0." JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN BISNIS SRIWIJAYA 17, no. 4 (September 26, 2020): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.29259/jmbs.v17i4.11529.
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Research Purpsoses – With the shipment analysis tool used, the results of this study show that education and income factors determine consumers in deciding where to shop in offline, online retail, or both.Methods – This research method is quantitative, while the sample in this study was conducted with non-probability sampling with the criteria respondents are consumers who have shopped fashion products through online, Respondents are from the age of 17 years. Respondents are those who live around the City of DKI Jakarta. The technique used in this research is purposive sampling method with the number n = 195.Results – In this study it can be concluded that the decision to choose where to shop for fashion products is strongly influenced by age, education, employment and income if the meaning of the output is drawn.Research limitations –In this study the decision of consumers to choose where to shop was influenced by factors of consumer characteristics namely education and income. Recommendations for further research are to use more methodological work and other variables.Originality/value – This research is focus on generations who are consumers, each generation has a different behavior where there is a generation X with an age range > 42 years, Generation Y with ages 21-41 years and Generation Z < 21 years Keywords : Consumer decisions, Demographics, Discriminant analysis.
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Rokhim, Rofikoh, Ruri Eka Fauziah Nasution, and Melia Retno Astrini. "The Good Practice in Marketing Microinsurance Product : Evidence from Indonesia." International Review of Financial Consumers 2, No. 1 Apr 2017 (April 1, 2017): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36544/irfc.2017.1-6.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the good practice of the microinsurance industry in Indonesia, using a case study of three microinsurance providers, namely Allianz, Prudential, and Asuransi Central Asia (ACA). In addition, this study also aims to analyze the challenges, of the microinsurance industry in Indonesia. Results from this study reveal that despite the large market potential for microinsurance in Indonesia, there are challenges that should be addressed, to boost the growth of the microinsurance industry in Indonesia. To respond to this challenge, attention should be focused on consumer protection, and consumer appeal aspects. From the three microinsurance providers discussed in this study, viable approaches to implement when competing in the microinsurance market in Indonesia, including market research to understand the behavior of low-income consumers, the extensive distribution of partners, consumer education practices, and corporate values that demonstrate the dedication of the company, to serve low-income consumers.
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BELK, RUSSELL WILLIAM. "Post-pandemic consumption: portal to a new world?" Cadernos EBAPE.BR 18, no. 3 (September 20, 2020): 639–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120200175x.
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Abstract Expert forecasts by consumer researchers and epidemiologists, consumer forecasts, and evidence from China are used to assess how consumer behavior will change after the pandemic subsides. Then hopes for bigger ideas are assessed including really addressing climate change, moving away from fossil fuels, addressing income inequality with a guaranteed income, and decoupling the economy from growth.
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Valaskova, Katarina, Pavol Durana, and Peter Adamko. "Changes in Consumers’ Purchase Patterns as a Consequence of the COVID-19 Pandemic." Mathematics 9, no. 15 (July 28, 2021): 1788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9151788.
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The current COVID-19 pandemic has affected every aspect of consumer behavior—their expenses, investments, and financial reserves, as well as their financial and social wellbeing. As a consequence of different restrictions, consumers and their shopping patterns have changed significantly; thus, the factors that influence new purchase patterns need to be identified to help traders, retailers, and marketers develop appropriate strategies to respond to crucial consumer changes in the market. A categorical analysis (Pearson’s chi-square test) and correspondence analysis (simple and multivariate) were applied to a sample of 425 Slovak respondents to reveal the most important factors impacting consumers’ financial situations, as well as the effects on the maintenance of new shopping habits established during the pandemic period. The results revealed that consumers´ income, age, and sector of occupation play important roles in the context of new shopping patterns. These findings are in agreement with other global studies, confirming both the worldwide impact of the pandemic on consumer behavior and the importance of national studies on consumer shopping behavior in order for state authorities, traders, marketers, and entrepreneurs to be able to take necessary measures.
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Wang, Jianhua, Minmin Shen, and Ziqiu Gao. "Research on the Irrational Behavior of Consumers’ Safe Consumption and Its Influencing Factors." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12 (December 6, 2018): 2764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122764.
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Frequent food safety incidents in recent years have greatly reduced consumers’ trust, and consumers’ demand for safe food has been on the rise. However, there is an inconsistency between the consumers’ willingness and actual purchasing behaviors. Some consumers who have a willingness to purchase safe food ultimately do not produce actual purchasing behaviors, resulting in an “irrational behavior” in the safe food consumer market. In order to better study this phenomenon and identify its inherent logic, we chose to use pork (a typical representative of safety-certified agricultural products) as the object, based on a survey on 844 consumers in the Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province analyzed in July 2017 by RPL (Random Parameters Logit) and binary Logit regression methods from two aspects, i.e. consumer preference for different attributes of safety-certified products and factors affecting safe consumption. The research results show that consumers have a significant preference for pork that has additional attributes such as green food certification, organic food certification, origin information and “No Additives and Veterinary Drug Residue Labeling”; labeling such information on the pork can effectively improve consumers’ trust. Consumers’ inconsistency of purchase intention with purchasing behaviors of safety-certified pork is affected by many factors, such as gender, age, annual household income, the degree of trust in agricultural product quality and a safety certification mark, understanding of safety-certified pork, and the degree of concern on pork quality and safety issues. These factors have all contributed, to varying degrees, to the rising of “irrational behavior” of consumers’ safe consumption, lead to an irrational state of consumption that consumers with a safely certified pork purchase will not necessarily buy a safety-certified pork. Based on the results of two empirical analyses, it can be concluded that pricing and age are the two main influencing factors that lead to the “irrational behavior” of consumers’ safe consumption.
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Turčínková, Jana, and Jana Stávková. "Consumer behavior on the market with food." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 54, no. 6 (2006): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200654060199.
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The paper deals with consumer behavior on the market with selected food products. It focuses on expenditures on food, development of prices and comparison of results among EU countries. When comparing the development of consumer prices and incomes in 1990–2003, it is obvious that the growth of income was lower then the total increase of consumer prices. There were not only changes in price levels, but also in the structure of consumer expenditures, where we can see growth of expenditures for housing and decline in share of expenditures for food. In the Czech Republic, there was a decrease in consumption of beef and pork meet, and increase in poultry consumption. The consumption of fish is significantly below the EU average. Consumption of butter, potatoes and sugar reaches the similar level as the EU average. The analysis of motives for changes in consumption of selected foodstuffs provides some insight in reasons for changes in consumption of bakery products and sweets, where it mostly is the healthy lifestyle (motive for whole-grain bakery product consumption) and improved market offer and advertising (for sweets and durable bakery products). Changes in meat consumption are motivated by healthy lifestyle for poultry and fish and improved market offer and advertising for canned meat products and salamis. Advertising and improved market offer played an important role for changes in consumption of yoghurts and cheeses, healthy lifestyle caused changes of yoghurts and milk. In category of selected beverages, it were advertising and improved market offer the motives for change of consumption of tea, wine and mineral waters, while healthy lifestyle motivated the change of mineral water consumption.
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Melnikova, Anna Sergeevna. "Models of consumer behavior of households depending on the income level." Science in figures, no. 1 (December 2, 2016): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-114952.
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Cook, Finnie B., John Oryema, and Cynthia Stephens. "Consumer Expenditures and Savings in High Income Households." Journal of Forensic Economics 27, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5085/jfe-427.
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Abstract A review of the existing academic literature as well as available government publications reveals a lack of information regarding expenditure behavior of high income households. In this paper, we combine multiple years of Consumer Expenditure Survey Public Use Microdata provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and compute average expenditures and standard errors. We apply the same methodology used by the BLS to estimate the average expenditures by household income and household size for households with income of $70,000 and higher. The resultant tables provide details on consumption and saving patterns for higher income groups that are unavailable in the tables published by the BLS. Our tables can be utilized by forensic economists in practice for the determination of consumption and savings values in wrongful death matters in high income households.
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Shih, Tsui-Yii. "Determinates of Consumer Adoption Attitudes." International Journal of E-Adoption 5, no. 2 (April 2013): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jea.2013040104.
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Smart home services (SHS) have been developed by related firms and have had a strong impact on consumers’ lives. This research integrates involvement antecedents, innovation diffusion factors and a technology acceptance model to develop a conceptual framework for discussing consumer attitudes and adoption behaviors toward smart home service applications. A sample of 580 respondents from different smart home buildings in Taiwan was asked to complete a survey. This paper proposes and validates a structured methodology for assessing and improving smart home service development. The research results verify that involvement antecedents (interest), innovation diffusion factors (observability, compatibility, relative advantage), and technology acceptance model (perceived usefulness) positively affect consumer attitudes toward the adoption of smart home services and that positive adoption attitudes lead to higher levels of adoption behavior. Perceived ease of use has no influence on consumer adoption attitudes toward smart home services unless through the mediating effects of perceived usefulness. Demographic variables, including gender, age and personal income, play important segmentation roles in the promotion strategies for smart home services.
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Milley, Donald J. "Consumer Demand by Black Americans." Review of Black Political Economy 15, no. 3 (January 1987): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02903994.
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This article investigates the consumption patterns of black Americans for five different commodity groups: food, housing, clothing, health care, and transportation. The black consumer's demand for these products is hypothesized as describable by the linear expenditure system. The system allows the investigation of changing relative commodity prices and income. The system also establishes a basic consumption bundle as an estimable parameter of the system. The basic bundle allows for changes in composition due to increased product familiarity, habit formation, and emulation by black consumers. Product familiarity and habit-formation play a role in determining the black consumer's demand for the commodities food, housing, and clothing. This demand is also partially determined by the consumer's “emulation” of consumption standards established by society in general. The article is not a comparison study of black-white differences in consumer behavior; however, the possible existence of an emulation effect in black consumer behavior suggests an interrelation of black-white consumer welfare which might fruitfully be studied by future researchers.
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Schulte, Meike, Sreejith Balasubramanian, and Cody Morris Paris. "Blood Diamonds and Ethical Consumerism: An Empirical Investigation." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 20, 2021): 4558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084558.
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Although ethical consumerism has witnessed significant interest in recent years, most studies have focused on low-value, commoditized product categories such as food and beverage and apparel. Despite its significance, the research on ethical consumerism in luxury product segments such as diamonds is relatively scant. This formed the motivation of this study, which examined the ethical buying behavior of consumers and the moderating effects of their income levels in the diamond industry. Four hundred eightteen responses toa structured questionnaire were collected. The framework comprising of four constructs, namely ethically-minded consumer behavior, willingness to pay more, ethical concerns regarding country of origin of diamonds, and ethical buying behavior of diamonds was first validated, and then the hypothesized relationships between the constructs were assessed using structural equation modeling. Overall, ethically minded consumer behavior had a significant positive impact on willingness to pay more, ethical concerns regarding the country of origin of diamonds, and ethical buying of diamonds. Additionally, ethical concerns regarding country of origin positively influenced the ethical buying of diamonds, while the willingness to pay more had no significant impact on ethical diamond purchases. The multi-group moderation test results revealed that the income levels of buyers do affect the relationships between constructs. For instance, for the middle income group, generic ethically-minded consumer behavior did not translate into the ethical buying behavior of diamonds. The findings provide useful insights for practitioners and policy-makers regarding ethical consumerism in the diamond industry and help to highlight the issues facing the industry, such as its poor supply chain transparency, human rights abuses, child labor, money laundering, bribery and corruption, and environmental degradation from mining activities.
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Kelley, Kathleen M., Bridget K. Behe, John A. Biernbaum, and Kenneth L. Poff. "Consumer Purchase and Use of Edible Flowers: Results of Three Studies." HortTechnology 12, no. 2 (January 2002): 282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.12.2.282.
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Three separate marketing studies were conducted during 2000 to determine consumer purchase behavior, use, and potential for purchasing edible flowers. First, a telephone survey was administered to 423 randomly selected residences in the Metro-Detroit area. Participants with some college education were more likely to have eaten edible flowers, would be more likely to eat them, and would be more likely to buy them. A second survey conducted with 25 Michigan Master Gardeners collected more detailed responses about edible flower purchase and use. Females were more likely to purchase edible flowers than males. Single-person households were less likely to have grown edible flowers than larger households. Participants with an annual income ≤$39,999 were half as likely to have purchased edible flowers as the higher income group. A third consumer survey was conducted over a 6-week period with three Metro-Detroit area grocery stores where consumers purchased containers of edible flowers with an attached survey form. A total of 243 of 360 containers of edible flowers were sold, and we received a 27% response rate. All respondents (100%) with an annual income ≥$30,001 were likely to like the flavor of the flowers. Across all three studies, there were few significant differences between demographic characteristics, which indicates that a homogeneous marketing strategy may effectively reach consumers. Based on these results, there appears to be is consumer interest in edible flowers, some consumers have had experience using and serving them, and will purchase them in grocery stores if marketed to attract the consumers interest.
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Yang, Song, Songshan (Sam) Huang, and Gang Shen. "Modelling Chinese consumer choice behavior with budget accommodation services." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 11, no. 3 (August 7, 2017): 341–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-02-2016-0019.
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Purpose This study aims to identify key factors influencing Chinese domestic travelers’ behaviors in hotel selection from a pool of budget hotel attribute-based factors and customer personal characteristics and determine the extent to which these factors impact on domestic Chinese travelers’ hotel selection preferences. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a discrete choice experimental design and a multinomial logit model to examine the key influential factors contributing to Chinese domestic travelers’ choice behavior to budget hotels. Both hotel attribute-based and personal trait factors were tested. Findings Results indicate that location, price and business functions were factors influencing guest choice behavior. For budget hotels, being located in the traditional central business districts and having a restaurant would leverage guest preference to stay. Among consumers’ personal characteristics, income, occupation, purpose of travel, personal attitude and past experience were found to be determinants of guest choice behavior. Practical implications This study contributes to the understanding of Chinese domestic travelers’ choice behaviors toward budget hotels and offers insights for industry practitioners to better design budget hotel products and service. Originality/value This research is the first that integrates hotel attributes with travelers’ characteristics and quantitatively evaluate the determinants affecting hotel choice behavior in China. The insights are of value academically to our understanding of cognitive mechanism underlying choice behavior.
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Harding, Matthew, Ephraim Leibtag, and Michael F. Lovenheim. "The Heterogeneous Geographic and Socioeconomic Incidence of Cigarette Taxes: Evidence from Nielsen Homescan Data." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 4, no. 4 (November 1, 2012): 169–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.4.4.169.
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We use Nielsen Homescan data to examine who bears the economic burden of cigarette taxes. We find cigarette taxes are less than fully passed through to consumer prices, suggesting consumers and producers split the excess burden of these taxes. Using information on consumer location, we show the availability of lower-tax goods across state borders creates significant differences in the pass-through rate. Tax avoidance opportunities also have a sizable effect on purchasing behavior by altering consumer search, prices paid and quantities purchased. Finally, we demonstrate that the incidence of cigarette taxes and the border effect varies by household income and education. (JEL D12, H22, H25, H26, H71, L66)
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Saleh, Mahmoud Abel Hamid. "Website Design, Technological Expertise, Demographics, and Consumer’s E-purchase Transactions." International Journal of Marketing Studies 8, no. 1 (January 29, 2016): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v8n1p125.
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<p>This study investigates the association of e-retailer’s website design, the consumers’ technological expertise, and some demographic characteristics with e-purchase transactions. The study was conducted on a sample of 290 respondents of Saudi consumers who had online purchase. The findings revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between the consumers’ technological expertise and their e-purchase transactions. The study also demonstrated no relationship between the e-retailer’s website design and the consumers’ e-purchase transactions. Regarding demographics and consumers’ e-purchase transactions, the study found nonsignificant differences between males and females, as well as among the different levels of education, as opposed to significant differences among the consumer’s monthly income levels in favor of higher-income consumers, and among different age levels in favor of the age 35-45 category. To help both marketers and consumers to gain the benefits of e-purchase, the study recommended e-marketers to establish marketing activities that enhance the consumer adoption of e-shopping; giving more concern to order processing as an important strategy for differentiation and positioning. The study also recommended e-retailers to focus on entertaining and luxury products to attract higher-income consumers. Furthermore, the study advised e-retailers to extensively do consumer behavior research as a base to enhance the planning of e-marketing strategies and activities.</p>
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Bagherzadeh, Ramin, and Rohullah Bayat. "Investigating Online Consumer Behavior in Iran Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior." Modern Applied Science 10, no. 4 (February 2, 2016): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v10n4p21.
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The aim of this research is to study the online consumer behavior in Iran using a combination of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with other variables. This study is objective, analytical, and descriptive. The subject of this research is online shoppers in the city of Shiraz. Sampling was simple random and was collected via the Internet. According to the conceptual model, the minimum required sample for this study was 80 samples; however, to ensure accuracy 390 questionnaires were collected. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling was used, using partial least squares (PLS) and analysis of one way variance (ANOVA). Results show that in online purchasing in Iran perceived ease of use (PEOU) has a positive effect on controllability and self-efficacy of individuals. Trust has a positive effect on the attitude and controllability of individuals. Media has a positive effect on subjective norms. Cost reduction has a positive effect on the attitude of individuals. Finally, age and income influence the intention of individuals in online purchasing. The other hypotheses of this study were not confirmed. It can be concluded that factors such as PEOU, trust, media, cost reduction, age and income affect online consumer behavior in Iran.
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Kubicová, Ľ., and Z. Kádeková. "Comparison of the income development and the food demand elasticities of the private households in Slovakia." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 57, No. 8 (August 23, 2011): 404–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/36/2010-agricecon.
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The paper deals with assessing the development of monetary incomes and expenditures of the Slovak households for food using the classification of households by income quartiles and by consumer spending. The analysis confirms the significant differences and unbalanced income distribution. Households in the fourth income quartile dispose of 2.8 times higher incomes than the families in the first quartile. There have been analyzed the food groups that in terms of expenditures represent the part in the food basket higher than 6%. The results confirm that income differentiation of households is also reflected in their different behavior in the food market. The demand changes most sensitive to income changes are those of the households with the lowest incomes. Demand for vegetables, potatoes and tuberous plants shows the highest value of the income elasticity, and in the households with the lowest incomes, the demand for potatoes and vegetables is elastic (E<sub>I</sub> = 1.165).
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Hemerly, Leandro de Athayde, and Marcia Juliana D’Angelo. "Reflexões sobre o comportamento ecologicamente correto do consumidor capixaba." RACE - Revista de Administração, Contabilidade e Economia 16, no. 2 (August 30, 2017): 655–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18593/race.v16i2.13083.
Full textAbstract:
Os problemas ambientais têm gerado novas oportunidade de negócios para as organizações, como a preocupação com a consciência ecológica e com o comportamento dos consumidores, que estão mais atentos às questões ambientais e sociais e às suas consequências. Assim, neste estudo quantitativo, a partir de um questionário adaptado da escala de Comportamento do Consumidor Ecologicamente Consciente (Ecologically Conscious Consumer Behavior) (ECCB)), de Straughan e Roberts (1999) e Lages e Vargas Neto (2002), teve-se como objetivo discutir os fatores que podem influenciar a consciência ecológica dos consumidores capixabas no momento em que estão realizando suas compras. Os principais resultados mostram que o novo modelo mental dos consumidores capixabas tem implicado a adoção de um comportamento verde somente para alguns hábitos. E quanto maior a escolaridade e a idade, maior a consciência ecológica dos consumidores. Já a renda não impacta tal comportamento, o que é bom para o Estado do Espírito Santo, que tem disparidades sociais e econômicas.Palavras-chave: Consumo ecologicamente correto. Marketing verde. Legislação. Abstract Environmental problems have generated new business opportunities for organizations, such as concern for ecological awareness and consumer behaviour, which are more conscious to environmental and social issues, and its consequences. Thus, this quantitative study, from the questionnaire of Ecologically Conscious Consumer Behavior of Straughan and Roberts (1999) and Lages and Vargas Neto (2002), aims to discuss the factors that may influence the ecological consciousness of consumers in the State of Espírito Santo when they are shopping. Findings show that consumers’ new mental model of this region has implied in adopting a green behavior only for some habits. In addition, the greater the education degree and age, the greater the ecological awareness of consumers. Income does not affect such behavior, which is good for the State of Espírito Santo, which has social and economic disparities.Keywords: Ecologically conscious consumer. Green marketing. Legislation.