Academic literature on the topic 'Consumer goods companies'
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Journal articles on the topic "Consumer goods companies"
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Xiong, Mini. "What Can Consumer Goods Companies in China do to Help Achieve Carbon Peak?" Advances in Economics and Management Research 4, no. 1 (2023): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aemr.4.1.268.2023.
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The consumer goods industry is closely related to people's lives and affects everyone's food, clothing, housing, and transportation in almost every way. As consumers' consumption levels rise, they demand higher quality and are more concerned about the impact of their consumption behavior. In the context of China's rapidly awakening consumer consciousness, carbon neutrality is not just a public service project but a must for consumer goods companies to fulfill their social responsibility, meet consumer demand for sustainable products, optimize their business model, and meet the needs of investors. Globally, leading international consumer goods companies are developing carbon neutrality in full swing and have been widely recognized by consumers, investors, and other sectors of society. However, most of the domestic companies have started late and are still at the stage of asking questions. By analyzing the development experience of leading consumer goods giants, the author has proposed the discussion of strategies for consumer goods companies in China to help achieve a Carbon Peak by using case studies, analogy analysis, and benchmarking to provide guidance for consumer goods companies on their carbon neutral journey.
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K.MUNEESWARAN and C. VETHIRAJAN Dr. "RECORD PERFORMANCE OF FMCGS COMPANIES IN INDIA AND ABROAD." BANKING FINANCE XXVIII, no. 07 (2015): 29–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6561503.
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FMCG industry alternatively called as (CPG) Consumer packaged goods industry primarily goods deals with the production, distribution and consumer packaged goods. These are products that have a quick turnover and relatively low cost. Consumers generally put less thought into the purchase thought of FMCG then they to for other products
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JONAH, Ngbomowa Moses, ThankGod Obutor IMO, and Kingdom Uchenna NWANYANWU. "Trade Receivable Management and Financial Performance of Listed Consumer Goods Companies in Nigeria." Journal of Accounting and Financial Management 8, no. 8 (2023): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/jafm.v8.no8.2022.pg113.128.
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The general purpose of this study is to determine whether trade receivable influences the financial performance of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria. The specific objectives are: to ascertain if Account Collection Period (ACP) influences Net Profit Margin of listed consumers goods companies in Nigeria, to investigate if Account Receivable Turnover (ART) influences Net Profit Margin of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria, to evaluate if Account Collection Period (ACP) influences Return on Asset of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria, to determine if Account Receivable Turnover (ART) influences Return on Asset of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria. The methodology adopted in the study was ex-post facto research design. The Secondary data used was obtained from annual report and account of ten selected consumer goods companies in Nigeria stock exchange from 2012-2021. The statistical tools used include descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The finding showed that Trade Receivable had a significant positive relationship with Financial Performance. It was discovered that Account Collection Period had a negative relationship between Net Profit Margin and Return on Asset, while Account Receivable Turnover (ART) had a positive relationship between Net Profit Margin and Return on Assets. The study therefore concludes that trade receivable influenced financial performance. It was recommended among other that managers of listed consumer goods companies should adopt efficient credit policy that will ensure short period of account receivable in order to improve financial performance of their corporation.
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Purwanto, Agus, John Tampil Purba, Innocentius Bernarto, and Rosdiana Sijabat. "EFFECT OF MANAGEMENT INNOVATION, TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, AND KNOWLEDGE SHARING ON MARKET PERFORMANCE OF INDONESIAN CONSUMER GOODS COMPANY." Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen 19, no. 2 (2021): 424–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2021.019.02.18.
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Transformational leadership greatly influences the management innovation and market performance of consumer good companies enterprises. According to the survey data about 244 employees of consumer goods companies, an empirical study was conducted on the relationship between transformational leadership, management innovation, knowledge sharing, market performance of consumer good companies enterprises, and analysis was made on the mediating effect of management innovation and knowledge sharing. The results showed that knowledge sharing has no significant effect on the market performance of consumer goods companies. Management innovation has not a significant effect on the market performance of consumer goods companies. Transformational leadership has no significant effect on the knowledge sharing of consumer goods companies. Transformational leadership has a significant effect on management innovation of consumer goods. Transformational leadership has no significant positive effect on the market performance of consumer goods companies.
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Harcourt, Horsfall. "Perceived Brand Quality and Marketing Effectiveness of Quoted Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Companies in Rivers State." International Journal of Advanced Academic Research 10, no. 5 (2024): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11117248.
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<em>The study examines the empirical relationship between perceived brand quality and marketing effectiveness of quoted fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) companies in Rivers State. The study adopted a correlational investigation. The population of this study consists of twenty-one (21) quoted fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) companies in Rivers State, using a census sampling techniques. Three (3) respondents were drawn from each of the companies making a total of sixty- three (63) respondents to whom copies of structured questionnaire were administered. The hypotheses were tested using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation with the aid of statistical packages of social science (SPSS) version 25.0. The study’s findings revealed that there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between perceived brand quality and marketing effectiveness of quoted fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) companies in Rivers State. It is the recommendation of this study that managers of quoted fast moving consumer goods companies should be involved in activities that communicate, promote and educate the consumers on the quality of their products in order to improve the consumers’ perception on their brand equity and should aim to further improve their perceived brand quality.</em>
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Chukwudi Christian, Ifekanandu. "Green Supply Chain Management and Sustainability Performance of Quoted Consumer Goods Manufacturing Companies in South-South Nigeria." African Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development 8, no. 2 (2025): 48–62. https://doi.org/10.52589/ajesd-bqeydlmw.
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This study explored green supply chain management and sustainability performance of quoted consumer goods manufacturing companies in South-South Nigeria. The study applied the correlational research design and the positivist research philosophy. The population of the study comprised 21 quoted consumer goods manufacturing companies in South-South Nigeria. The census sampling technique was adopted. The sampling units consisted of managers of quoted consumer goods manufacturing companies in South-South Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection. The data collected were analyzed statistically while the hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) and the SPSS software application. The findings revealed that green manufacturing has a significant relationship with environmental performance of quoted consumer goods manufacturing companies in South-South Nigeria. This study also found a significant relationship between green manufacturing and economic performance of quoted consumer goods manufacturing companies in South-South Nigeria. The study equally discovered a significant relationship between green distribution and environmental performance of quoted consumer goods manufacturing companies in South-South Nigeria. The study also found a significant relationship between green distribution and economic performance of quoted consumer goods manufacturing companies in South-South Nigeria. Therefore, it was concluded that green supply chain management such as green manufacturing and green distribution significantly improve sustainability performance of quoted consumer goods manufacturing companies in South-South Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that consumer goods manufacturing companies in South-South Nigeria should adopt green supply chain management as it would enhance their sustainability performance.
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Noveliana, Noveliana, Thomas Sumarsan Goh, and Elidawati Elidawati. "Pengaruh Tipe Perusahaan, Umur Perusahaan, Kinerja Keuangan, Corporate Governance, Struktur Modal Dan Growth Terhadap Pengungkapan Tanggung Jawab Lingkungan Pada Perusahaan Barang Konsumsi Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia." Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING) 6, no. 1 (2022): 413–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/costing.v6i1.4167.
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The company is currently trying to maintain its viability so that the company can develop and compete with other companies or the like. The very sluggish economic conditions had a direct impact on the company. One of the sectors affected is consumer goods companies. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of company type, company age, financial performance, corporate governance, capital structure and growth on disclosure of environmental responsibility in consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research population used was 51 consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2020 period. The sampling technique is saturated because this research uses data on the type of company, age of the company, returns on assets, corporate governance, total debt, equity and sales. The results show that partially the type of company has no effect on the disclosure of environmental responsibility in consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange. Partially, the age of the company affects the disclosure of environmental responsibility in consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange. Partially, financial performance does not affect the disclosure of environmental responsibility in consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange. Partially, corporate governance affects the disclosure of environmental responsibility in consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange. Partially, the capital structure has no effect on the disclosure of environmental responsibility in consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange. Partially, growth does not affect the disclosure of environmental responsibility in consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange.
 Keywords : Company Type, Company Age, Financial Performance, Corporate Governance, Capital Structure, Growth, Environmental Responsibility.
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Evant, Tiara Saumy, and Yolandafitri Zulvia. "Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Pertumbuhan Penjualan dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Kebijakan Dividen Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Periode 2012-2017." Jurnal Ecogen 2, no. 4 (2019): 654. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jmpe.v2i4.7843.
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This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, sales growth, and firm size on dividend policy in manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This type of research is associative research. The population in this study is the manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector registered on IDX for the period 2012-2017 with sampling using a purposive sampling technique. Samples were obtained by 16 companies from 42 study populations. Data was obtained from ICMD companies and financial statements of manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector through the IDX website. The data analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis. To test the hypothesis using the t test. The results showed that profitability had a positive and significant effect on dividend policy in the consumer goods industry sector companies on the IDX, while sales growth had a negative and not significant effect on dividend policies in the consumer goods industry sector companies on the IDX. Meanwhile, firm size has a positive and significant influence on dividend policy on consumer goods industry sector companies listed on the IDX.Keywords: profitability, sales growth, firm size, and dividend policy
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Ginting, Wenny Anggeresia. "ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI OPINI AUDIT GOING CONCERN." Jurnal REKSA: Rekayasa Keuangan, Syariah dan Audit 5, no. 1 (2018): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/j.reksa.v5i1.158.
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This research is to examine and analyze the influence of audit opinion, leverage and financial distress of previous year to going concern audit opinion on consumer goods company listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2010-2014. The research approach is quantitative research method. The type of research used is descriptive research. The population of this study are consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2010-2014 as many as 35 companies. A sample of 22 consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2010-2014. The result of the research is leverage and Financial distress does not negatively affect going concern audit opinion on consumer goods companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2010-2014. While the previous year audit opinion has a positive effect on going concern audit opinion on consumer goods companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2010-2014. Financial distress, leverage and audit opinion in the previous year had a positive effect on going concern audit opinion on consumer goods companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2010-2014.
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Ogbada, E. Ikwa, and Ebieri Jones. "Deferred Tax Accounting and Financial Performance of Listed Consumer Goods’ Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria." Journal of Accounting and Financial Management 8, no. 8 (2023): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/jafm.v8.no8.2022.pg29.47.
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This research examines the relationship between deferred tax accounting and financial performance of listed consumer goods’ manufacturing companies in Nigeria using data from 19 listed consumer goods companies selected judgmentally. The study adopts the panel regression technique to test three hypotheses stated in line with the specific objectives. Findings from the study revealed that, deferred tax asset and liability have a positive non- significant relationship with return on assets of listed consumer goods’ manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Further findings revealed that, deferred tax asset has positive non- significant relationship with leverage of listed consumer goods’ manufacturing companies in Nigeria, while, deferred tax liability has a negative non-significant relationship with leverage of listed consumer goods’ manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Finally, the study revealed that deferred tax asset has a positive non-significant relationship with earnings per share of listed consumer goods’ manufacturing companies in Nigeria, while, deferred tax liability has a negative non-significant relationship with earnings per share of listed consumer goods’ manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Hence it recommends that companies in Nigeria should look into available tax credits for particular assets and explore the possibility of taking advantage of such tax credits in order to reduce tax burden through tax deferment. Also, that the companies’ managers should always consider choosing the right capital combination, as it is imperative that the managers and tax planners explore tax incentives and investments that attract less taxes.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Consumer goods companies"
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Kilinskaite, Jolita, and Simone Kolar. "Companies´ Reactions to Rival´ s Actions in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods Industry : Examples of companies in the cosmetics goods industry." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-14989.
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Date: June 8th, 2012 Course: EFO 705 Master Thesis Course Program: International Marketing Authors: Jolita Kilinskaite (jke11003), Simone Kolar (skr11003) Title: Companies´ Reactions to Rival´ s Actions in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Industry- Examples of companies in the cosmetics goods industry Research Question: How do companies in the FMCG industry react to rivals actions? Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to describe and analyze how companies react to rival´s actions Method: The thesis is based on secondary research and primary research. The primary research is based on semi-structured interview processes and critical incidents Target audience: Companies in the FMCG industry, Academics and Teachers in the field of Strategy and Marketing who are interested in competitive marketing strategies in the FMCG industry Keywords: Differentiation strategy, Imitation Strategy, Co-opetition, Rival´s actions, FMCG industry, Competition, Critical incidents Conclusion: This master thesis concentrates in theory on three common reaction strategies in marketing, which are defined as differentiation, limitation, and co-opetition and describes possible rival´s actions, the roots that cause certain reaction strategies. Based on the literature, interviews were conducted with the marketing managers from four different companies in the cosmetics goods industry, in order to prove whether the interviewed managers support the defined reaction strategies. The result was a support for the differentiation and imitation strategy. However, co-opetition was only used by one of the companies and is therefore seen as a less important strategy, at least in the marketing departments of the interviewed companies.
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Urson, Michael. "CEO pay ratios and company performance : a study of JSE-listed consumer goods and services companies." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20545.
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The disparity in remuneration between company CEOs and other employees is a topical and highly controversial issue globally. Theoretically, there are two explanations for this pay disparity - tournament theory and behavioural theory. Tournament theory says that employees are more motivated to compete with a larger pay gap, while the behavioural theories say that employees feel inadequate and thus demotivated in the presence of a larger pay gap, resulting in poorer performance. In response to growing concerns about the pay gap, new legislation in the USA has required companies to disclose their pay ratios1 in their financial statements, which is also likely to come to South Africa. As a means to explore CEO pay ratios in a South African context, a study of the determinants and performance effects of companies' CEO pay ratios was conducted in the Consumer Goods and Consumer Services subsectors on the JSE. Data was collected on companies for the period 2006 to 2014 and pay ratios were estimated for each company where the data allowed. Due to the complexity of CEO remuneration, three different pay ratios were calculated, which differed in how long-term incentive payments were treated in each case. Using the same method as Shin, Kang, Hyun, & Kim (2015) used in their South Korean study, three different analyses were conducted. Firstly, the factors determining pay ratios were analysed in a regression analysis, which found CEO tenure, companies' future investment opportunities and company size to be key determinants of pay ratios. Secondly, the deviations from companies' expected pay ratios were regressed against subsequent company performance to see whether CEOs being paid the, "wrong," amount relative to employees affects company performance. It was found that deviations from the expected pay ratio negatively affected company performance, and there was no difference in performance between under- and over-paying CEOs relative to employees. Finally, as a means to test whether tournament theory or behavioural theories better explain the CEO pay ratio in South Africa, subsequent company performance was regressed against the three different pay ratios calculated. It was found that there is little evidence of a relationship between subsequent company performance and the pay ratio, except in the case where performance is measured by return on assets, and the pay ratio is measured such that it excludes long-term incentives completely. The relationship in this case was found to be positive, indicating that tournament theory better explained the relationship between pay ratios and company performance. One of the limitations of this study was the limited availability of data, which gives rise to self-selection bias.
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Andrade, Patricia Deporte de. "Análise do uso do design no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos em empresas desenvolvedoras de bens de consumo." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/96392.
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O design tem sido cada vez mais reconhecido como uma fonte de vantagem competitiva para as empresas, sendo considerado uma atividade estratégica no desenvolvimento e no sucesso comercial de produtos baseados em diferenciação. Percebendo a relevância do design na competitividade da indústria, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo principal a realização de uma análise do uso do design no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos (PDP) em empresas desenvolvedoras de bens de consumo. Através dessa análise, buscou-se caracterizar a atuação e a função do design, identificando também os fatores facilitadores e inibidores das práticas de design nas empresas estudadas. Visando o alcance dos objetivos propostos, optou-se como procedimento metodológico uma abordagem qualitativa de estudos de casos múltiplos, selecionando-se quatro empresas como objetos de pesquisa. A coleta de dados do trabalho consistiu em entrevistas com o setor de desenvolvimento de produtos de cada uma das empresas, sendo dividida em seis etapas: a primeira foi destinada à coleta de informações institucionais; a segunda consistiu na modelagem do processo de desenvolvimento de produtos; a terceira investigou o processo de design; a quarta caracterizou o perfil dos entrevistados; a quinta identificou as atividades desempenhadas pelos entrevistados e, por último, a sexta etapa correspondeu à realização de um workshop de design. Os resultados obtidos por meio da coleta de dados permitiram identificar um padrão de práticas existentes nas empresas. Constatou-se que as empresas estudadas demonstram uma predisposição em relação à utilização e a investimentos na área do design para o desenvolvimento de seus produtos. Porém, por outro lado, verificou-se que o design não tem sido explorado de maneira eficiente pelas empresas. Um dos principais fatores identificados como inibidores das práticas do design corresponde a uma lacuna de conhecimento das potencialidades de atuação do designer dentro das empresas. Vale ressaltar que a amostra da pesquisa não é representativa de toda indústria brasileira, portanto, as evidências não podem ser generalizadas. Entretanto, pelos padrões identificados entre os objetos de estudo, acredita-se que parte das práticas identificadas possam ser encontradas em outras empresas desenvolvedoras de bens de consumo.<br>Design has been increasingly recognized as a source of competitive advantage for companies and seen as a strategic activity in the development and commercial success of differentiation based products. Considering the design importance in the industries competitiveness, the present study aimed to do an analysis of the design use in the product development process (PDP) in companies that develop consumer goods. Through this analysis, we sought to characterize the performance and function of design, as well as identify the facilitating and inhibiting factors of design practices in the companies studied. Aiming to achieve the proposed objectives, we chose as methodological procedure a qualitative approach of multiple case studies, selecting four companies as research objects. The work’s data collection consisted on interviews with the product development sector of each company, which were divided into six stages: the first was designed to collect institutional information, the second consisted in modeling the product development process; the third investigated the design process, the fourth characterized the profile of respondents, the fifth identified the activities performed by respondents and, finally, the sixth stage corresponded to a design workshop. The results obtained through data collection identified a pattern of practices in companies. It was found that the companies studied show a predisposition towards the use and investment in design for the development of their products. However, it was found that design has not been effectively exploited by companies. One of the main factors identified as an inhibitor of design practices corresponds to a lack of knowledge on the potential role of the designer within companies. It is noteworthy that the research sample is not representative of the entire brazilian industry and therefore, the evidence cannot be generalized. However, with the patterns identified among the objects of study, it is believed that most of the practices identified can be found in other of consumer goods developing companies.
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Moodley, Thigenthren. "Exploring what companies are doing to manage the shortage of technical skills in the South African manufacturing sector of fast moving consumer goods." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96215.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>The government of South Africa aspires to achieve a six percent economic growth per annum. The
scarcity of qualified and experienced people that are crucial in contributing to economic growth and
creating job opportunities, poses a problem for the country. The current demand for skills that are
out of reach for many workers and the prevailing unemployment that is caused by the mismatch
between what an organisation seeks and what a potential candidate can provide, have been
highlighted as a critical cause for the scarcity of skills. The aim of this research assignment was to
examine the current crisis of the skills shortage in the South African economy, with the focus on
the manufacturing sector within the FMCG industry.
Semi-structured and open-ended interviews with human resource, training and development, as
well as technical managers in manufacturing organisations in Cape Town, South Africa were
conducted. Data was obtained from a sample of six managers.
According to all respondents interviewed, it takes approximately two to six months to replace an
employee who has the appropriate technical skills.
All the respondents are concerned with the situation of the technical skills shortage in the country.
Consequently, these respondents’ companies engage in a talent war in order to recruit the best
talent. It is therefore obvious that the market dynamics of supply and demand are out of equilibrium
with regard to technically skilled employees in the manufacturing segment of the South African
FMCG industry.
The interviews that were conducted identified some companies that train new employees in
technical skills. However, the majority of the companies are not doing much to improve the
situation. In addition, the companies in this sector also compete with the other industries in the
South African and the global economy regarding technical skills.
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Zakorko, A. A. "Transnational companies' strategic planning in the context of sustainable development goals." Master's thesis, Sumy State University, 2019. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/75546.
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Магістреська робота присвячена дослідженню впливу Цілей сталого розвитку на стратегічне планування транснаціональних компаній та на їх конкурентноспроможність. Основною метою цього дослідження є ефективність впровадження Цілей сталого розвитку у стратегічному плануванні транснаціональних компаній та прогнозуванні рекомендацій щодо подальшого покращення існуючої ситуації.<br>The master's thesis is devoted to the study of the impact of the Sustainable Development Goals on the strategic planning of transnational corporations and their competitiveness. The main purpose of this study is to effectively implement the Sustainable Development Goals in the strategic planning of transnational corporations and to forecast recommendations for further improvement of the current situation.
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Borg, Malin, and Emma Hattenhauer. "Is doing good ever good enough? : A study of Swedish consumers’ perception and attitude towards companies using green marketing." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-64682.
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Abstract Bachelor´s thesis, Enterprising and Business Development, Linnaeus University School of Business and Economics, 2EB01E, VT 2017 Authors: Malin Borg and Emma Hattenhauer Tutor: Dan Halvarsson Title: ”Is doing good ever good enough?” - a study of Swedish consumers’ perception and attitude towards companies using green marketing. Background: More now than ever are people interested in how they themselves affect the environment and how the companies work green. By implementing a “green marketing” strategy, companies use their environmental work as a marketing tool with different agendas. Some authors claim that this strategy is used in order to find new markets and new consumers while some say that it is a way for companies to encourage further green work to their market shares. Not all green work is however shown to the public, in some cases it is done in the dark in order to lower the external pressure of possible scrutiny, a strategy also called lean or muted greening. Theory explains that in contrast to this muted strategy consumers perceive transparency within a company and its green work highly important, as well as how a green marketing campaign is presented with words and terminology. It is of great important to consider what the consumers demand from a company in order for them to fully succeed with their green marketing campaign and build trust between the company and the consumer. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to create understanding of Swedish consumers’ perception and attitude towards companies that are using a green marketing strategy. Method: This study uses a deductive approach with a qualitative nature, where words and explanations are of interest and is carried out through eight individual semi-structured interviews with respondents all living in Sweden found through a convenience sampling method. With a used hermeneutic approach the respondents subjective opinions has lead the research in the direction it has taken and further pre-understandings has been created. Conclusion: Through this study it has been found that the main-key to a successful green marketing campaign among Swedish consumers is trust. Without trust towards a company Swedish consumers explain themselves as not believing in green marketing done by a company. Social media is a communication channel that, among Swedish consumers is not perceived credible and should therefore not be used when doing a green marketing campaign. The concept of lean or muted greening is something that 6/8 respondents considered positive while 2/8 felt the opposite, however all considered transparency as a highly important factor in order to not miss trust a company and believing that, if something is hard to find maybe it is not done as presented. Language and terminology are two closely related and much important aspects that need to be clear and easily understood, however not excluding important aspects but rather give further explanations about concepts that might be considered complicated.
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Hogan, Stephen P. "Creating parental trust in children's toy brands : the antecedents and dimensions of trustworthy behaviour of toy companies." Thesis, Brunel University, 2006. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5332.
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Based around a case study of the traditional toy industry, the research examines how companies create trust with parents, the main toy purchasers, and the importance of ethical behaviour in trust development when a vulnerable community is involved. Previous literature has revealed that trust leads to mutually beneficial company-consumer relationships but scholars have failed to agree on its definition, dimensions or measurement due to its complexity, diversity and intangibility. Few have distinguished between 'trustworthiness' as a moral quality of organisations and 'trust', which is a consumer judgement about companies and brands, made as part of their purchase deliberations. A review of the literature led to the development of a framework of trustworthy behaviour identifying five sets of antecedents (organisational, individual, control, relational and branding factors) and four key dimensions with related variables - 'Integrity' and 'Benevolence', relating to ethical constructs and 'Commitment' and 'Satisfaction', relating to organisational constructs. The model was then substantiated through qualitative research with a sample of senior managers in 12 leading toy companies and other stakeholders including industry body representatives, retailers and parents. The findings revealed that in a challenging economic climate, trust in toy companies is being driven principally by the marketing offer and by external influencers such as legislators, retailers, licensors, and the media. Examples of good ethical practices were identified, although often unnoticed by consumers, and the worthier companies, for whom trustworthiness was important, appeared to be faring less well economically than companies selling third party brands. Consumers' trust was significant in the preschool market but diminished in importance as children matured when their influence overrode parents' more rational purchase considerations. The research revealed a paradox that parents as well as children are vulnerable consumers who are often bypassed in the marketing process. Whatever children's consumer rights, there will always be a lack of trust in the industry whilst young children rather than parents are so blatantly targeted.
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Haw, Alexander Francis. "Comparing the implementation of sustainability initiatives in national and multinational fast moving consumer goods companies." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23527.
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Masters in the Field of Environmental Sciences (MSc CW/RR) - GEOL7007
Research Report School of Animal Plants and Environmental Science. Johannesburg 2017.<br>In recent times increasing emphasis has been placed on the important role that corporations must play in the creation of greener economies. This has given rise to greater corporate environmental disclosure and reporting, and a wealth of research into the link between sustainability reporting and financial and environmental business performance. Notwithstanding this, it has been noted that corporate responses to environmental sustainability issues are highly variable, and very little research has been conducted to determine where businesses focus their environmental sustainability efforts and to what extent they have made measureable progress in this regard.
The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the implementation of sustainability initiatives across a variety of fast moving consumer goods companies, including large multinational organisations, privately owned South African and publically traded JSE listed companies. This was achieved through the evaluation and scoring of an environmental self-assessment questionnaire distributed annually over a three year period between 2012 and 2014. In total, the survey, which covered a cross section of business relevant environmental issues, allowed for the profiling of 851 company responses. Scoring of these responses was based on a defined matrix with a grading system of 0 – 6. Results showed that overall, larger companies appear to be making significantly better progress when it comes to tackling environmental issues than their smaller privately owned competitors. Of the product categories investigated, the sustainability performance of liquor suppliers was the best while transport suppliers scored significantly lower than their peers. Publically listed JSE-listed companies and large multinational companies had similar sustainability performance to one another but both these groups performed significantly better than their privately owned South African competitors. Of those supplier Groups surveyed, JSE listed companies were the only business Group who showed significant year-on-year improvement in performance. An evaluation of scores achieved across the different environmental issues covered revealed that suppliers indicated they performed best in the areas of waste minimisation, operational energy mitigation and sustainable product design, while they made least progress when it came to climate change mitigation, sustainability reporting and biodiversity conservation.
Results suggest that overall: companies made most progress on environmental issues that offered the greatest potential for increasing revenues or reducing operating costs; large public corporations performed significantly better than privately owned companies when it came to tackling environmental sustainability issues; and despite increasing emphasis being placed on transitioning to more sustainable business models, only one group of suppliers showed a measurable improvement in sustainability performance over the course of the study.<br>LG2017
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Kondej, Andrzej. "Wpływ zróżnicowania dochodów konsumentów na rozwój przedsiębiorstw handlowych branży FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) w Polsce." Phd thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11320/5973.
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Handel detaliczny w branży produktów szybkorotujących jest tym działem gospodarki, z którą konsumenci mają bezpośredni niemal codzienny kontakt. Wpływ na rozwój przedsiębiorstw handlowych ma wiele czynników zewnętrznych. Zaliczają się do nich dochody konsumentów, które stanowią podstawę ich siły nabywczej. Problemem badawczym podjętym w niniejszej pracy jest złożoność zależności między różnym poziomem dochodów a zmianami dokonującymi się w sektorze handlu detalicznego branży FMCG w Polsce. W konsekwencji, zdefiniowany został cel główny rozprawy, jaki jest wieloaspektowa diagnoza współzależności między zróżnicowaniem dochodów konsumentów a rozwojem przedsiębiorstw handlowych i strukturą rynku detalicznego. W pracy podjęta została próba weryfikacji hipotezy głównej, która mówi, iż zróżnicowanie dochodów polskich konsumentów wywiera wpływ na rozwój przedsiębiorstw handlowych branży FMCG i na przekształcenia w strukturze tej części handlu detalicznego. Przeprowadzone w ramach niniejszej pracy analizy, badania i wnioskowanie prowadzi do pozytywnej weryfikacji hipotezy głównej. Całościowy rozwój sektora jest wypadkową rozwoju przedsiębiorstw handlowych w ramach poszczególnych formatów detalicznych. Rozwój polskiego rynku detalicznego w branży FMCG połączony jest ze zjawiskami stopniowo rosnącej koncentracji przy jednocześnie utrzymującej się dywersyfikacji w ramach poszczególnych formatów. U podłoża tych zjawisk leży poziom dochodów rozporządzalnych i ich zróżnicowanie, zarówno w układzie historycznym, przestrzennym, jak i w podziale na grupy dochodowe i społeczno-ekonomiczne.<br>Retail trade of fast-moving consumer products composes the part of an economy, which entails direct nearly everyday involvement of the consumers. The development of trading companies is impacted by a number of external factors. An important role is played by consumer incomes, which compose the base of their purchasing power. The research problem undertaken in this dissertation is a complex relationship between a different level of incomes and ongoing sector of retail trade of FMCG in Poland. As a consequence, there was defined the main goal of the paper, which is the multi-aspect diagnosis of liaisons between the diversification of consumer incomes and development of trading entities and the entire structure of the retail market. The dissertation composes attempt of verification of the main hypothesis, which tells that diversification of consumer incomes influences development of retail companies in FMCG sector and transition of the market structure. The analysis, research and presuming made in this paper lead to the positive verification of the main hypothesis. The complex transition of the sector is resultant of development of retail entities belonging to retail formats. The development of the domestic retail market in FMCG sector is bound with gradually rising concentration attached with persistent divergence within particular formats. The foundation of these events is level and diversification of personal incomes, both in historical and special terms as well as in consideration of split among income groups and social-economic segments<br>Wydział Ekonomii i Zarządzania
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LIN, CHUN-CHIEH, and 林俊傑. "The Operating Performance of the Fast-moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Industry- the Food Companies in Taiwan and ASEAN." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8zyspz.
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碩士<br>東海大學<br>財務金融學系碩士在職專班<br>105<br>Food Industry is essential for people`s livelihood. By doing research of food industry, we can measure the development of economic and quality of life from the research of Food Industry. When it comes to food industry, Instant noodle is the best example since it comes with the most developed supplying chain. Therefore, we would like to start discussing the FMCG industry with instant noodle, and using the five main financial factors as variables to cover the study, including Financial Structure, Liquidity Ratio, Operating Performance, Profitability, Cash Flow and a total of 23 performance indicators. We would then use DuPont analysis to discover the relationship between these indicators, to analysis the financial status and operating performance of different enterprises.
The research shows that companies may consider using different financial reports due to different business model. It will result to a different Return of Equity for investors.
Nestlé in Malaysian perform solid utilization with their financial assets, Masan - Vietnam and Masan-Thailand take advantages on cost saving by purchasing local raw materials, Uni-President – Taiwan exercise high Profit / High Financial Leverage Strategy so the Performance of the return of equity is better. In other hand, TING Yi (CAYMAN ISLANDS) perform poor cost control directly results to a poor performance on their return. Nissin in Japan manage a poor utilization on their financial assets, with a low financial leverage strategy, directly results to the worst performance of their return on equity.
We can foresee food industry facing variable challenges in future, they should enhance their core value and their key success factor, especially to earn customer-trust on quality control on food safety. With the growing of international culture exchange, catering, logistics and other food service, therefore, the service quality and the globalization of food manufacturing is definitely an important trend for future.
Key words：Fast-moving Consumer Goods(FMCG), Operating Performance, ASEAN Economic Community, DuPont Analysis
Books on the topic "Consumer goods companies"
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Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association., ed. CTFA environmental manual: A guide to laws affecting consumer product companies. Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, 1994.
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Ramsey, William. European branding in UK FMCG companies. Templeton College, Oxford Centre for Management Studies, 1994.
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Institution, Sri Lanka Standards, ed. Directory of certified products and companies licensed to use the SIS mark, 2003: Information complete upto March 2003. Sri Lanka Standards Institution, 2003.
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Younger, Roderick. Logistics trends in European consumer goods: Challenges for suppliers, retailers and logistics companies. Financial Times Retail & Consumer Publishing, 1997.
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Codita, Roxana. Contingency Factors of Marketing-Mix Standardization: German Consumer Goods Companies in Central and Eastern Europe. Gabler Verlag / Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, Wiesbaden, 2011.
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Neil, Fiske, and Butman John, eds. Trading up: Why consumers want new luxury goods--and how companies create them. Portfolio, 2005.
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Cocks, Melanie Jane. An Evaluation of current and potential systems of brand management within fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) companies. Bournemouth University, 1999.
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El'yashevich, Ivan, Viktor Sergeev, Tamara Levina, et al. Procurement and inventory management in supply chains. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1844337.
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The textbook sets and solves a number of scientific and applied tasks related to logistics and inventory management of resources for various purposes, among which raw materials and materials at industrial enterprises, goods in trading companies, as well as auxiliary materials (operational resources) purchased to support the life of organizations in various business areas. Procurement and inventory management is considered within a single set of functions, which is supply logistics. The issues related to the supply of operational resources, which are completely consumed in the course of economic activity of companies, transferring their value to the goods and services sold, are also considered.
 Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
 For students, postgraduates and teachers of the main educational programs in economics and management, as well as for practitioners of procurement and inventory management companies, students of MBA programs, professional retraining and advanced training.
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United, States Congress Senate Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Antitrust Business Rights and Competition. Consolidation in the telephone industry, good or bad for the consumer: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Antitrust, Business Rights, and Competition of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, second session ... May 19, 1998. U.S. G.P.O., 1998.
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Geissel, Stefan. Creating Breakthrough Innovations at Consumer Packaged Goods Companies. Lulu Press, Inc., 2012.
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Steuernagel, Axel. "Creating Digital Growth at International Consumer Goods Companies." In Führen und Managen in der digitalen Transformation. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-28670-5_20.
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Freije, Inmaculada, Alberto de la Calle, and Miguel Ángel Larrinaga. "Servitization through Product Modularization in Consumer Goods Manufacturing Companies." In Practices and Tools for Servitization. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76517-4_7.
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Brandenburg, Marcus. "Benchmarking Companies from the Fast Moving Consumer Goods Industry." In Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31304-2_6.
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Graf von Arnim, Philipp. "Approaches for Steering Multichannel Retail Companies." In Performance Management in Retail and the Consumer Goods Industry. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12730-5_5.
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Jensen, Peter Byrial, Louise Møller Haase, Tim Cooper, Joseph Steward, Phillipa Marsh, and Linda Nhu Laursen. "The LaST Tool – The Longevity and Sustainable Transition Tool." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28839-5_85.
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AbstractDue to customers’ increased focus on environmental sustainability, companies have been looking to position themselves as producers of consumer goods with greater longevity. Useful tools exist within academia to assist companies in this transformation process. However, the knowledge is scattered, and the focus of tools is often on either the mapping of companies’ status quo or actionable solutions that increase the longevity of their products. Creating a common understanding and coherency to make the knowledge usable in practice has proven to be difficult, as an immediate match of the most appropriate action tools to the mappings does not exist. Therefore, there is a need for a practical transition tool that, in the process of mapping, assists companies in understanding their positions and potential and proposes suitable action tools to assist in the required change process for producing consumer goods with greater longevity. This could mitigate the challenges for practitioners and bridge the different types of tools, hence enabling companies to develop products with increased longevity more easily.
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Buttkus, Michael. "Corporate Planning in Retail Companies: Efficient, Robust, and Flexible." In Performance Management in Retail and the Consumer Goods Industry. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12730-5_13.
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Durá Gil, Juan V., Alfredo Remon, Iván Martínez Rodriguez, et al. "3D Human Big Data Exchange Between the Healthcare and Garment Sectors." In Technologies and Applications for Big Data Value. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78307-5_11.
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Abstract3D personal data is a type of data that contains useful information for product design, online sale services, medical research and patient follow-up.Currently, hospitals store and grow massive collections of 3D data that are not accessible by researchers, professionals or companies. About 2.7 petabytes a year are stored in the EU26.In parallel to the advances made in the healthcare sector, a new, low-cost 3D body-surface scanning technology has been developed for the goods consumer sector, namely, apparel, animation and art. It is estimated that currently one person is scanned every 15 min in the USA and Europe. And increasing.The 3D data of the healthcare sector can be used by designers and manufacturers of the consumer goods sector. At the same time, although 3D body-surface scanners have been developed primarily for the garment industry, 3D scanners’ low cost, non-invasive character and ease of use make them appealing for widespread clinical applications and large-scale epidemiological surveys.However, companies and professionals of the consumer goods sector cannot easily access the 3D data of the healthcare sector. And vice versa. Even exchanging information between data owners in the same sector is a big problem today. It is necessary to overcome problems related to data privacy and the processing of huge 3D datasets.To break these silos and foster the exchange of data between the two sectors, the BodyPass project has developed: (1) processes to harmonize 3D databases; (2) tools able to aggregate 3D data from different huge datasets; (3) tools for exchanging data and to assure anonymization and data protection (based on blockchain technology and distributed query engines); (4) services and visualization tools adapted to the necessities of the healthcare sector and the garment sector.These developments have been applied in practical cases by hospitals and companies of in the garment sector.
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Sadewa, P. O., and A. W. Lubis. "Liquidity, CEO education, and profitability among consumer goods companies in Indonesia." In Contemporary Research on Management and Business. CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003295952-45.
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Eberenz, Ralf, and Maximilian Schröer. "Current Challenges for Consumer Goods and Retail Companies and Their Implications for Controlling." In Performance Management in Retail and the Consumer Goods Industry. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12730-5_3.
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Chandra, Kristian, Farah Margaretha, Yosephina Endang Purba, and Febria Nalurita. "The Effect of Leverage on Company Value in Consumer Goods Industry Companies." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Entrepreneurship, Leadership and Business Innovation (ICELBI 2022). Atlantis Press International BV, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-350-4_37.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Consumer goods companies"
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Linina, Iveta, Velga Vevere, and Rosita Zvirgzdina. "Evaluation of the use of influencers for the development of consumer satisfaction in the Baltic consumer goods market." In CARMA 2022 - 4th International Conference on Advanced Research Methods and Analytics. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carma2022.2022.15071.
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A business focused on the consumer and its satisfaction is an important factor in ensuring the company's competitiveness. The process of attracting new customers always involves more money, time and energy. In order for a company to retain existing customers and gain only new ones, one of the main tasks is to know the factors that make them happy. Within the framework of this work, the authors want to study the theoretical foundations of consumer satisfaction, to understand the peculiarities of the development of consumer satisfaction using digital content creators - influencers. The use of influencers is an integral part of today's business development, enabling companies to operate successfully in a competitive environment. This study identifies factors that influence consumer satisfaction with the use of influencers to enable companies to improve their use and become more competitive. The study uses both secondary data analysis and expert interviews and consumer surveys. The study describes the situation in the field of influencer marketing use in the Baltic States. The study finds that influencers provide a higher level of consumer satisfaction. In order to achieve the goal of the research, three tasks were set: 1) to analyse theoretical basis of consumer satisfaction and the use of influencers; 2) to describe the use of influencers and their contribution to consumer satisfaction; 3) to study consumer evaluation of influencer activities. A monographic or descriptive method was used to analyse the theoretical aspects of the use of influencers, an analysis of secondary data was used to describe the situation, and a consumer survey was conducted to examine consumer perceptions of influencer activity and its contribution to consumer satisfaction.
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Joel, M. Robinson, V. Ebenezer, K. Arul Jeyaraj, M. Navaneethakrishnan, R. Arunadevi, and D. Rejees Jenifa. "Decoding and Analysing Consumer Feedback for Companies and Goods using Machine Learning." In 2023 Third International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icais56108.2023.10073801.
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Zdravković, Stefan, Dragana Gašević, Dragana Tomašević, and Marija Vranješ. "EFFECTS OF CONSUMER ETHNOCENTRISM, COSMOPOLITANISM, XENOCENTRISM, METACOGNITIVE, AND COGNITIVE CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE ON PURCHASING FAMOUS WORLD BRANDS." In INTERNATIONAL Conference on Business, Management, and Economics Engineering Future-BME. Faculty of Technical Sciences, Novi Sad, 2025. https://doi.org/10.24867/future-bme-2024-099.
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The development of information technology and the liberalization of international trade in goods and services have facilitated business operations for companies in foreign markets. Based on market research, multinational companies' management obtains information about the characteristics and needs of local consumers, which is essential when formulating a quality marketing strategy. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of consumer ethnocentrism, cosmopolitanism, xenocentrism, as well as metacognitive and cognitive cultural intelligence on consumers' decision to purchase famous world brands. Empirical research was conducted using a survey method on a sample of 322 respondents, and their responses were analyzed using statistical software SmartPLS 4. The results showed that consumer ethnocentrism has a negative impact, while consumer cosmopolitanism, xenocentrism, and cognitive cultural intelligence have a positive impact on consumers' decision to purchase famous world brands, while the impact of metacognitive cultural intelligence is not statistically significant. The results of the research provide useful information that can help companies' management in formulating an appropriate marketing strategy in the market of the Republic of Serbia.
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Linina, Iveta, and Rosita Zvirgzdina. "The consumer loyalty formation process and its particularities in the retail sector." In Business and Management 2016. VGTU Technika, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2016.22.
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Retail sector has always played and important role in the national economy. Any business is tendet towards satisfaction of consumer desires and needs, albeit profits. In relationships between companies and consumers both sides have their interests. For a company it, primary, is to increase the turnover and make profits, while the consumers may have several goals – to obtain the goods or services, to receive the necessary information and attitude. These consumer benefits are the basis for loyalty. Thus, the aim of the present paper is to research the loyalty formation process and its characteristics in the retail sector.
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Arisman, Anton, and Lukluk Fuadah. "Determinants Factor Influences on Accounting Conservatism at Consumer Goods Industry Companies in Indonesia." In 4th Sriwijaya Economics, Accounting, and Business Conference. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008441704920499.
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Zdraveva, Neda. "DIGITAL CONTENT CONTRACTS AND CONSUMER PROTECTION: STATUS QUO AND WAYS FURTHER." In EU 2021 – The future of the EU in and after the pandemic. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18313.
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One of the effects of the COVID-19 crisis is the significant acceleration of e-commerce. The number of companies and the varieties of products in the online markets increased, as well as the numbers of consumers and consumers’ segments diversification. The e-commerce in pandemic times offered clear benefits and opportunities for the consumers. It also created situations where the lack of confidence in e-commerce may intensify. This comes from the consumers’ uncertainty on their key contractual rights and it is particularly a case when it comes to the contracts for supply of digital content and digital services. The European Union considered that legal certainty for consumers (and businesses) will increase by full harmonisation of key regulatory issues and that this would lead to growth of the potentials the e-commerce has on the common market. Aiming to achieve a genuine digital single market the Council of the European Union and the European Parliament in May 2019 have adopted the Directive (EU) 2019/770 on certain aspects concerning contracts for the supply of digital content and digital services (the "Digital Content Directive") and the Directive (EU) 2019/771 on certain aspects concerning contracts for the sale of goods (the "Sales of Goods Directive") that regulate the supply of digital content and digital services and sale of goods with digital elements, respectively. Both directives lay down specific rules on the conformity of digital content or a digital service i.e., goods with digital elements with the contract, remedies in the cases of a lack of conformity or a failure to supply, as well as the modalities for the exercise of those remedies. The paper analyses the mechanisms for regulation of the contracts for the supply of digital content and digital services and the specific rights and obligations of the parties to these contracts. The main objective of the research is to assess to which extent these mechanisms are novelty in the European Consumer Law and to examine the obstacles that the application of consumer law to digital content contracts may encounter.
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Garda, Betül, Zeynep Karaçor, and Süleyman Karaçor. "The Determination of Consumer Rights Knowledge Level of Youth: A Research on the Tourism and Hotel Management Students." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c10.02157.
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From the beginning of the 20th century it has been observed that detailed studies have been carried on consumer protection and consumer rights by countries, civil society organizations, private sector companies and universities. A harmonious co-operation between these units is of great importance in terms of ensuring effective consumer protection. Because the informing, education and protection of the consumer is accepted as a necessity of modern society. Consumer education is seen as a prerequisite for long-term social and cultural development. Tourists can experience various problems in purchasing goods and services in the regions they travel and do not know which way to apply in such a situation. In this context, youth who are educated tourism management should be knowledgeable about consumer rights are important in terms of resolving the expectations of consumers.
 In this context, the main purpose of the research is to reveal the knowledge level and behavior of consumer rights of tourism students. The questionnaire prepared for this purpose was applied to the students of Selcuk University Tourism Faculty. As a result of the research, it was determined that the students who participated in the survey know the consumer rights law. However, it has been determined that they do not know the contents of the basic rights provided in this law and the ways of utilization at the desired level.
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Mitniţcaia, Lidia. "The impact of changes in consumer behavior on the development of formats in retail trade." In International Scientific Conference “30 Years of Economic Reforms in the Republic of Moldova: Economic Progress via Innovation and Competitiveness”. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/9789975155618.26.
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Today's consumers see shops and shopping centers not just as places to shop for essential goods, but also as places to get emotions and new impressions, interesting pastime, dating, learning and development. The pandemic has made its own adjustments to the development of the market. Consumer behavior changed almost overnight: health and safety issues came to the fore when making a purchasing decision. The past year and a half has shown that trading companies that are able to quickly respond to changes remain successful. Today, to gain a competitive advantage, new solutions are required, including the development of formats in retail.
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Mou, Wen, and Fuyang Xu. "The Impact of Sales Expenses on the Performance of Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Enterprises: An Empirical Study Based on A-share Listed Companies in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Industry." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Bigdata Blockchain and Economy Management, ICBBEM 2024, March 29–31, 2024, Wuhan, China. EAI, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.29-3-2024.2347413.
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Eryatna, Ertia Nursanti, Nurafni Eltivia, and Kuni Utami Handayawati. "The Effect of Cash Turnover, Receivable Turnover, and Inventory Turnover Towards Profitability of Consumer Goods Companies in Indonesia." In 2nd Annual Management, Business and Economic Conference (AMBEC 2020). Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210717.039.
Full textReports on the topic "Consumer goods companies"
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Lehotay, Steven J., and Aviv Amirav. Ultra-Fast Methods and Instrumentation for the Analysis of Hazardous Chemicals in the Food Supply. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7699852.bard.
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Original proposal objectives: Our main original goal was to develop ultra-fast methods and instrumentation for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply. We proposed to extend the QuEChERS approach to veterinary drugs and other contaminants, and conduct fast and ultra-fast analyses using novel 5MB-MS instrumentation, ideally with real samples. Background to the topic: The international trade of agricultural food products is a $1.2 trill ion annual market and growing. Food safety is essential to human health, and chemical residue limits are legislated nationally and internationally. Analytical testing for residues is needed to conduct risk assessments and regulatory enforcement actions to ensure food safety and environmental health, among other important needs. Current monitoring methods are better than ever, but they are still too time-consuming, laborious, and expensive to meet the broad food testing needs of consumers, government, and industry. As a result, costs are high and only a tiny fraction of the food is tested for a limited number of contaminants. We need affordable, ultra-fast methods that attain high quality results for a wide range of chemicals. Major conclusions, solutions and achievements: This is the third BARD grant shared between Prof. Amirav and Dr. Lehotay since 2000, and continual analytical improvements have been made in terms of speed, sample throughput, chemical scope, ease-of-use, and quality of results with respect to qualitative (screening and identification) and quantitative factors. The QuEChERS sample preparation approach, which was developed in conjunction with the BARD grant in 2002, has grown to currently become the most common pesticide residue method in the world. BARD funding has been instrumental to help Dr. Lehotay make refinements and expand QuEChERS concepts to additional applications, which has led to the commercialization of QuEChERS products by more than 20 companies worldwide. During the past 3 years, QuEChERS has been applied to multiclass, multiresidue analysis of veterinary drug residues in food animals, and it has been validated and implemented by USDA-FSIS. QuEChERS was also modified and validated for faster, easier, and better analysis of traditional and emerging environmental contaminants in food. Meanwhile, Prof. Amirav has commercialized the GC-MS with 5MB technology and other independent inventions, including the ChromatoProbe with Agilent, Bruker, and FUR Systems. A new method was developed for obtaining truly universal pesticide analysis, based on the use of GC-MS with 5MB. This method and instrument enables faster analysis with lower LaDs for extended range of pesticides and hazardous compounds. A new approach and device of Open Probe Fast GC-MS with 5MB was also developed that enable real time screening of limited number of target pesticides. Implications, both scientific and agricultural: We succeeded in achieving significant improvements in the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply, from easy sample preparation approaches, through sample analysis by advanced new types of GC-MS and LCMS techniques, all the way to improved data analysis by lowering LaD and providing greater confidence in chemical identification. As a result, the combination of the QuEChERS approach, new and superior instrumentation, and the novel monitoring methods that were developed will enable vastly reduced time and cost of analysis, increased analytical scope. and a higher monitoring rate. This provides better enforcement, an added impetus for farmers to use good agricultural practices, improved food safety and security, increased trade. and greater consumer confidence in the food supply.
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Payment Systems Report - June of 2021. Banco de la República, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-sist-pag.eng.2021.
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Banco de la República provides a comprehensive overview of Colombia’s finan¬cial infrastructure in its Payment Systems Report, which is an important product of the work it does to oversee that infrastructure. The figures published in this edition of the report are for the year 2020, a pandemic period in which the con¬tainment measures designed and adopted to alleviate the strain on the health system led to a sharp reduction in economic activity and consumption in Colom¬bia, as was the case in most countries. At the start of the pandemic, the Board of Directors of Banco de la República adopted decisions that were necessary to supply the market with ample liquid¬ity in pesos and US dollars to guarantee market stability, protect the payment system and preserve the supply of credit. The pronounced growth in mone¬tary aggregates reflected an increased preference for liquidity, which Banco de la República addressed at the right time. These decisions were implemented through operations that were cleared and settled via the financial infrastructure. The second section of this report, following the introduction, offers an analysis of how the various financial infrastructures in Colombia have evolved and per¬formed. One of the highlights is the large-value payment system (CUD), which registered more momentum in 2020 than during the previous year, mainly be¬cause of an increase in average daily remunerated deposits made with Banco de la República by the General Directorate of Public Credit and the National Treasury (DGCPTN), as well as more activity in the sell/buy-back market with sovereign debt. Consequently, with more activity in the CUD, the Central Securi¬ties Depository (DCV) experienced an added impetus sparked by an increase in the money market for bonds and securities placed on the primary market by the national government. The value of operations cleared and settled through the Colombian Central Counterparty (CRCC) continues to grow, propelled largely by peso/dollar non-deliverable forward (NDF) contracts. With respect to the CRCC, it is important to note this clearing house has been in charge of managing risks and clearing and settling operations in the peso/dollar spot market since the end of last year, following its merger with the Foreign Exchange Clearing House of Colombia (CCDC). Since the final quarter of 2020, the CRCC has also been re¬sponsible for clearing and settlement in the equities market, which was former¬ly done by the Colombian Stock Exchange (BVC). The third section of this report provides an all-inclusive view of payments in the market for goods and services; namely, transactions carried out by members of the public and non-financial institutions. During the pandemic, inter- and intra-bank electronic funds transfers, which originate mostly with companies, increased in both the number and value of transactions with respect to 2019. However, debit and credit card payments, which are made largely by private citizens, declined compared to 2019. The incidence of payment by check contin¬ue to drop, exhibiting quite a pronounced downward trend during the past last year. To supplement to the information on electronic funds transfers, section three includes a segment (Box 4) characterizing the population with savings and checking accounts, based on data from a survey by Banco de la República con-cerning the perception of the use of payment instruments in 2019. There also is segment (Box 2) on the growth in transactions with a mobile wallet provided by a company specialized in electronic deposits and payments (Sedpe). It shows the number of users and the value of their transactions have increased since the wallet was introduced in late 2017, particularly during the pandemic. In addition, there is a diagnosis of the effects of the pandemic on the payment patterns of the population, based on data related to the use of cash in circu¬lation, payments with electronic instruments, and consumption and consumer confidence. The conclusion is that the collapse in the consumer confidence in¬dex and the drop in private consumption led to changes in the public’s pay¬ment patterns. Credit and debit card purchases were down, while payments for goods and services through electronic funds transfers increased. These findings, coupled with the considerable increase in cash in circulation, might indicate a possible precautionary cash hoarding by individuals and more use of cash as a payment instrument. There is also a segment (in Focus 3) on the major changes introduced in regulations on the retail-value payment system in Colombia, as provided for in Decree 1692 of December 2020. The fourth section of this report refers to the important innovations and tech¬nological changes that have occurred in the retail-value payment system. Four themes are highlighted in this respect. The first is a key point in building the financial infrastructure for instant payments. It involves of the design and im¬plementation of overlay schemes, a technological development that allows the various participants in the payment chain to communicate openly. The result is a high degree of interoperability among the different payment service providers. The second topic explores developments in the international debate on central bank digital currency (CBDC). The purpose is to understand how it could impact the retail-value payment system and the use of cash if it were to be issued. The third topic is related to new forms of payment initiation, such as QR codes, bio¬metrics or near field communication (NFC) technology. These seemingly small changes can have a major impact on the user’s experience with the retail-value payment system. The fourth theme is the growth in payments via mobile tele¬phone and the internet. The report ends in section five with a review of two papers on applied research done at Banco de la República in 2020. The first analyzes the extent of the CRCC’s capital, acknowledging the relevant role this infrastructure has acquired in pro¬viding clearing and settlement services for various financial markets in Colom¬bia. The capital requirements defined for central counterparties in some jurisdic¬tions are explored, and the risks to be hedged are identified from the standpoint of the service these type of institutions offer to the market and those associated with their corporate activity. The CRCC’s capital levels are analyzed in light of what has been observed in the European Union’s regulations, and the conclusion is that the CRCC has a scheme of security rings very similar to those applied internationally and the extent of its capital exceeds what is stipulated in Colombian regulations, being sufficient to hedge other risks. The second study presents an algorithm used to identify and quantify the liquidity sources that CUD’s participants use under normal conditions to meet their daily obligations in the local financial market. This algorithm can be used as a tool to monitor intraday liquidity. Leonardo Villar Gómez Governor
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Monetary Policy Report - January 2023. Banco de la República, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr1-2023.
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1. Macroeconomic Summary In December, headline inflation (13.1%) and the average of the core inflation measures (10.3%) continued to trend upward, posting higher rates than those estimated by the Central Bank's technical staff and surpassing the market average. Inflation expectations for all terms exceeded the 3.0% target. In that month, every major group in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) registered higher-than-estimated increases, and the diffusion indicators continued to show generalized price hikes. Accumulated exchange rate pressures on prices, indexation to high inflation rates, and several food supply shocks would explain, in part, the acceleration in inflation. All of this is in a context of significant surplus demand, a tight labor market, and inflation expectations at different terms that exceed the 3.0% target. Compared to the October edition of the Monetary Policy Report, the forecast path for headline and core inflation (excluding food and regulated items: EFR) increased (Graphs 1.1 and 1.2), reflecting heightened accumulated exchange rate pressures, price indexation to a higher inflation rate (CPI and the producer price index: PPI), and the rise in labor costs attributed to a larger-than-estimated adjustment in the minimum wage. Nevertheless, headline inflation is expected to begin to ease by early 2023, although from a higher level than had been estimated in October. This would be supported initially by the slowdown forecast for the food CPI due to a high base of comparison, the end anticipated for the shocks that have affected the prices of these products, and the estimated improvement in external and domestic supply in this sector. In turn, the deterioration in real household income because of high inflation and the end of the effects of pent-up demand, plus tighter external and domestic financial conditions would contribute to diluting surplus demand in 2023 and reducing inflation. By the end of 2023, both headline and core (EFR) inflation would reach 8.7% and would be 3.5% and 3.8%, respectively, by December 2024. These forecasts are subject to a great deal of uncertainty, especially concerning the future behavior of international financial conditions, the evolution of the exchange rate, the pace of adjustment in domestic demand, the extent of indexation of nominal contracts, and the decisions taken regarding the domestic price of fuel and electricity. In the third quarter, economic activity surprised again on the upside and the growth projection for 2022 rose to 8.0% (previously 7.9%). However, it declined to 0.2% for 2023 (previously 0.5%). With this, surplus demand continues to be significant and is still expected to weaken during the current year. Annual economic growth in the third quarter (7.1 % SCA)1 was higher than estimated in October (6.4 % SCA), given stronger domestic demand specifically because of higher-than-expected investment. Private consumption fell from the high level witnessed a quarter earlier and net exports registered a more negative contribution than anticipated. For the fourth quarter, economic activity indicators suggest that gross domestic product (GDP) would have remained high and at a level similar to that observed in the third quarter, with an annual variation of 4.1%. Domestic demand would have slowed in annual terms, although at levels that would have remained above those for output, mainly because of considerable private consumption. Investment would have declined slightly to a value like the average observed in 2019. The real trade deficit would have decreased due to a drop in imports that was more pronounced than the estimated decline in exports. On the forecast horizon, consumption is expected to decline from current elevated levels, partly because of tighter domestic financial conditions and a deterioration in real income due to high inflation. Investment would also weaken and return to levels below those seen before the pandemic. In real terms, the trade deficit would narrow due to a lower momentum projection for domestic demand and higher cumulative real depreciation. In sum, economic growth for all of 2022, 2023, and 2024 would stand at 8.0%, 0.2% and 1.0%, respectively (Graph 1.3). Surplus demand remains high (as measured by the output gap) and is expected to decline in 2023 and could turn negative in 2024 (Graph 1.4). Although the macroeconomic forecast includes a marked slowdown in the economy, an even greater adjustment in domestic absorption cannot be ruled out due to the cumulative effects of tighter external and domestic financial conditions, among other reasons. These estimates continue to be subject to a high degree of uncertainty, which is associated with factors such as global political tensions, changes in international interest rates and their effects on external demand, global risk aversion, the effects of the approved tax reform, the possible impact of reforms announced for this year (pension, health, and labor reforms, among others), and future measures regarding hydrocarbon production. In 2022, the current account deficit would have been high (6.3 % of GDP), but it would be corrected significantly in 2023 (to 3.9 % of GDP) given the expected slowdown in domestic demand. Despite favorable terms of trade, the high external imbalance that would occur during 2022 would be largely due to domestic demand growth, cost pressures associated with high freight rates, higher external debt service payments, and good performance in terms of the profits of foreign companies.2 By 2023, the adjustment in domestic demand would be reflected in a smaller current account deficit especially due to fewer imports, a global moderation in prices and cost pressures, and a reduction in profits remitted abroad by companies with foreign direct investment (FDI) focused on the local market. Despite this anticipated correction in the external imbalance, its level as a percentage of GDP would remain high in the context of tight financial conditions. In the world's main economies, inflation forecasts and expectations point to a reduction by 2023, but at levels that still exceed their central banks' targets. The path anticipated for the Federal Reserve (Fed) interest rate increased and the forecast for global growth continues to be moderate. In the fourth quarter of 2022, logistics costs and international prices for some foods, oil and energy declined from elevated levels, bringing downward pressure to bear on global inflation. Meanwhile, the higher cost of financing, the loss of real income due to high levels of global inflation, and the persistence of the war in Ukraine, among other factors, have contributed to the reduction in global economic growth forecasts. In the United States, inflation turned out to be lower than estimated and the members of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) reduced the growth forecast for 2023. Nevertheless, the actual level of inflation in that country, its forecasts, and expectations exceed the target. Also, the labor market remains tight, and fiscal policy is still expansionary. In this environment, the Fed raised the expected path for policy interest rates and, with this, the market average estimates higher levels for 2023 than those forecast in October. In the region's emerging economies, country risk premia declined during the quarter and the currencies of those countries appreciated against the US dollar. Considering all the above, for the current year, the Central Bank's technical staff increased the path estimated for the Fed's interest rate, reduced the forecast for growth in the country's external demand, lowered the expected path of oil prices, and kept the country’s risk premium assumption high, but at somewhat lower levels than those anticipated in the previous Monetary Policy Report. Moreover, accumulated inflationary pressures originating from the behavior of the exchange rate would continue to be important. External financial conditions facing the economy have improved recently and could be associated with a more favorable international context for the Colombian economy. So far this year, there has been a reduction in long-term bond interest rates in the markets of developed countries and an increase in the prices of risky assets, such as stocks. This would be associated with a faster-than-expected reduction in inflation in the United States and Europe, which would allow for a less restrictive course for monetary policy in those regions. In this context, the risks of a global recession have been reduced and the global appetite for risk has increased. Consequently, the risk premium continues to decline, the Colombian peso has appreciated significantly, and TES interest rates have decreased. Should this trend consolidate, exchange rate inflationary pressures could be less than what was incorporated into the macroeconomic forecast. Uncertainty about external forecasts and their impact on the country remains high, given the unpredictable course of the war in Ukraine, geopolitical tensions, local uncertainty, and the extensive financing needs of the Colombian government and the economy. High inflation with forecasts and expectations above 3.0%, coupled with surplus demand and a tight labor market are compatible with a contractionary stance on monetary policy that is conducive to the macroeconomic adjustment needed to mitigate the risk of de-anchoring inflation expectations and to ensure that inflation converges to the target. Compared to the forecasts in the October edition of the Monetary Policy Report, domestic demand has been more dynamic, with a higher observed level of output exceeding the productive capacity of the economy. In this context of surplus demand, headline and core inflation continued to trend upward and posted surprising increases. Observed and expected international interest rates increased, the country’s risk premia lessened (but remains at high levels), and accumulated exchange rate pressures are still significant. The technical staff's inflation forecast for 2023 increased and inflation expectations remain well above 3.0%. All in all, the risk of inflation expectations becoming unanchored persists, which would accentuate the generalized indexation process and push inflation even further away from the target. This macroeconomic context requires consolidating a contractionary monetary policy stance that aims to meet the inflation target within the forecast horizon and bring the economy's output to levels closer to its potential. 1.2 Monetary Policy Decision At its meetings in December 2022 and January 2023, Banco de la República’s Board of Directors (BDBR) agreed to continue the process of normalizing monetary policy. In December, the BDBR decided by a majority vote to increase the monetary policy interest rate by 100 basis points (bps) and in its January meeting by 75 bps, bringing it to 12.75% (Graph 1.5). 1/ Seasonally and calendar adjusted. 2/ In the current account aggregate, the pressures for a higher external deficit come from those companies with FDI that are focused on the domestic market. In contrast, profits in the mining and energy sectors are more than offset by the external revenue they generate through exports. Box 1 - Electricity Rates: Recent Developments and Indexation. Author: Édgar Caicedo García, Pablo Montealegre Moreno and Álex Fernando Pérez Libreros Box 2 - Indicators of Household Indebtedness. Author: Camilo Gómez y Juan Sebastián Mariño