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Burger, S. (Stephan). "Managing the forecasting function within the fast moving consumer goods industry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53494.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Forecasting the future has always been one of the man's strongest desires. The aim to determine the future has resulted in scientifically based forecasting models of human health, behaviour, economics, weather, etc. The main purpose of forecasting is to reduce the range of uncertainty within which management decisions must be made. Forecasts are only effective if they are utilized by those who have decisionmaking authority. Forecasts need to be understood and appreciated by decision makers so that they find their way into management of the firm. Companies still predominantly rely on judgemental forecasting methods, most often on an informal basis. There is a large literature base that point to the numerous biases inherent in judgemental forecasting. Most companies know that their forecasts are incorrect but don't know what to do about it and choose to ignore the issue, hoping that the problem will solve itself. The collaborative forecasting process attempts to use history as a baseline, but supplement current knowledge about specific trends, events and other items. This approach integrates the knowledge and information that exists internally and externally into a single, more accurate forecast that supports the entire supply chain. Demand forecasting is not just a matter of duplicating or predicting history into the future. It is important that one person should lead and manage the process. Accountability needs to be established. An audit on the writer's own organization indicated that no formal forecasting process was present. The company's forecasting process was very political, since values were entered just to add up to the required targets. The real gap was never fully understood. Little knowledge existed regarding statistical analysis and forecasting within the marketing department who is accountable for the forecast. The forecasting method was therefore a top-down approach and never really checked with a bottom up approach. It was decided to learn more about the new demand planning process prescribed by the head office, and to start implementing the approach. The approach is a form of a collaborative approach which aims to involve all stakeholders when generating the forecast, therefore applying a bottom up approach. Statistical forecasting was applied to see how accurate the output was versus that of the old way of forecasting. The statistical forecast approach performed better with product groups where little changed from previous years existed, while the old way performed better where new activities were planned or known by the marketing team. This indicates that statistical forecasting is very important for creating the starting point or baseline forecast, but requires qualitative input from all stakeholders. Statistical forecasting is therefore not the solution to improved forecasting, but rather part of the solution to create robust forecasts.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vooruitskatting van die toekoms was nog altyd een van die mens se grootste begeertes. Die doel om die toekoms te bepaal het gelei tot wiskundige gebaseerde modelle van die mens se gesondheid, gedrag, ekonomie, weer, ens. The hoofdoel van vooruitskatting is om die reeks van risikos te verminder waarbinne bestuur besluite moet neem. Vooruitskattings is slegs effektief as dit gebruik word deur hulle wat besluitnemingsmag het. Vooruitskattings moet verstaan en gewaardeer word deur die besluitnemers sodat dit die weg kan vind na die bestuur van die firma. Maatskappye vertrou nog steeds hoofsaaklik op eie oordeel vooruitskatting metodes, en meestal op 'n informele basis. Daar is 'n uitgebreide literatuurbasis wat daarop dui dat heelwat sydigheid betrokke is by vooruitskattings wat gebaseer is op eie oordeel. Baie organisasies weet dat hulle vooruitskattings verkeerd is, maar weet nie wat daaromtrent te doen nie en kies om die probleem te ignoreer, met die hoop dat die probleem vanself sal oplos. Die geïntegreerde vooruitskattingsproses probeer om die verlede te gebruik as 'n basis, maar voeg huidige kennis rakende spesifieke neigings, gebeurtenisse, en ander items saam. Hierdie benadering integreer die kennis en informasie wat intern en ekstern bestaan in 'n enkele, meer akkurate vooruitskatting wat die hele verskaffingsketting ondersteun. Vraagvooruitskatting is nie alleen 'n duplisering of vooruitskatting van die verlede in die toekoms in nie. Dit is belangrik dat een persoon die proses moet lei en bestuur. Verantwoordelikhede moet vasgestel word. 'n Oudit op die skrywer se organisasie het getoon dat geen formele vooruitskattingsprosesse bestaan het nie. Die maatskappy se vooruitskattingsproses was hoogs gepolitiseerd, want getalle was vasgestel wat in lyn was met die nodige teikens. Die ware gaping was nooit werklik begryp nie. Min kennis was aanwesig rakende statistiese analises en vooruitskatting binne die bemarkingsdepartement wat verantwoordelik is vir die vooruitskatting. Die vooruitskatting is dus eerder gedoen op 'n globale vlak en nie noodwendig getoets deur die vooruitskatting op te bou uit detail nie. Daar is besluit om meer te leer rakende die nuwe vraagbeplanningsproses, wat voorgeskryf is deur hoofkantoor, en om die metode te begin implementeer. Die metode is 'n vorm van 'n geïntegreerde model wat beoog om alle aandeelhouers te betrek wanneer die vooruitskatting gedoen word, dus die vooruitskatting opbou met detail. Statistiese vooruitskatting was toegepas om te sien hoe akkuraat die uitset was teenoor die ou manier van vooruitskatting. Die statistiese proses het beter gevaar waar die produkgroepe min verandering van vorige jare ervaar het, terwyl die ou manier beter gevaar het waar bemarking self die nuwe aktiwiteite beplan het of bewus was daarvan. Dit bewys dat statistiese vooruitskatting baie belangrik is om die basis vooruitskatting te skep, maar dit benodig kwalitatiewe insette van all aandeelhouers. Statistiese vooruitskattings is dus nie die oplossing vir beter vooruitskattings nie, maar deel van die oplossing om kragtige vooruitskattings te skep.
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Wong, Marcus Teck Ngee. "Implementation of innovative product service systems in the consumer goods industry." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431530.
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Akkas, Arzum 1978. "Strategies to reduce product waste in the consumer packaged goods industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103546.
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Thesis: Ph. D. in Engineering Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, 2015.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 165-169).
The cost of waste for products such as soft drinks, shelf stable dry food, and dairy in the consumer packaged goods industry is massive, about $15 billion annually in the U.S.A. This thesis focuses on waste associated with product expiration since this type of waste involves both manufacturers and retailers as well as different functional areas such as production, warehousing, sales, procurement, and store operations. As a result, the industry has not made much progress in reducing this type of waste. We study three problems related to product expiration. Chapter 2 presents a descriptive study examining the root causes of product expiration and their impact on expiration. Using econometrics and our collaborator's data, we find that the amount of expiration can be reduced considerably via a case size reduction. We identify the next important opportunities in the areas of inventory aging in the manufacturer's supply chain and sales incentives, and thus the remainder of this thesis focuses on these two areas. Chapter 3 examines the manufacturer's sell-or-dispose decision for aged inventory. We develop an optimization model to find the minimum remaining shelf life below which the manufacturer does not sell the product since the cost of expiration is more than the sunk cost of production. We use machine learning to approximate optimum values which can be used as a low cost alternative method. If supply chain managers are held accountable for the cost of disposed items, they will have an incentive to better manage inventory. As a result, expiration will be reduced. Chapter 4 analyses sales-force compensation schemes from the perspective of product expiration caused by overselling. We develop a game theoretic model of the decision process of the manufacturer and the sales representative. We find a compensation scheme that aligns the interests of the manufacturer and the sales representative preventing overselling while achieving full profit potential for the manufacturer.
by Arzum Akkas.
Ph. D. in Engineering Systems
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Kilinskaite, Jolita, and Simone Kolar. "Companies´ Reactions to Rival´ s Actions in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods Industry : Examples of companies in the cosmetics goods industry." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-14989.
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Date: June 8th, 2012 Course: EFO 705 Master Thesis Course Program: International Marketing Authors: Jolita Kilinskaite (jke11003), Simone Kolar (skr11003) Title: Companies´ Reactions to Rival´ s Actions in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Industry- Examples of companies in the cosmetics goods industry Research Question: How do companies in the FMCG industry react to rivals actions? Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to describe and analyze how companies react to rival´s actions Method: The thesis is based on secondary research and primary research. The primary research is based on semi-structured interview processes and critical incidents Target audience: Companies in the FMCG industry, Academics and Teachers in the field of Strategy and Marketing who are interested in competitive marketing strategies in the FMCG industry Keywords: Differentiation strategy, Imitation Strategy, Co-opetition, Rival´s actions, FMCG industry, Competition, Critical incidents Conclusion: This master thesis concentrates in theory on three common reaction strategies in marketing, which are defined as differentiation, limitation, and co-opetition and describes possible rival´s actions, the roots that cause certain reaction strategies. Based on the literature, interviews were conducted with the marketing managers from four different companies in the cosmetics goods industry, in order to prove whether the interviewed managers support the defined reaction strategies. The result was a support for the differentiation and imitation strategy. However, co-opetition was only used by one of the companies and is therefore seen as a less important strategy, at least in the marketing departments of the interviewed companies.
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Brassel, Danielle. "Synergies and Post-Takeover Performance within the Consumer Goods Industry Empirical Evidence /." St. Gallen, 2006. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01648963001/$FILE/01648963001.pdf.
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Uriarte, Daniel Antonio. "Developing a framework for dependable demand forecasts in the consumer packaged goods industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59172.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division; in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 104-106).
As a consumer packaged goods company, "Company X" manufactures products "make-to-stock"; therefore, having reliable demand forecasts is fundamental for successful planning and execution. Not isolated to "Company X" or to the CPG industry, current global economic conditions have forced companies to seek increased cash flows as a method for weathering this financially difficult period. As a result, many organizations are pursuing improvements in demand forecasting and planning methodologies as a precursor to inventory optimization and to further liquidity positions. This thesis attempts to improve forecasting and planning processes by developing a framework that focuses on four general components identified as key for success by experts and practitioners. In addition, this thesis explores these components while utilizing "Company X" as the case study for improvement. The four forecasting and planning components explored at "Company X" include Data Treatment, Forecast Models, Planning Process, and Organizational Behavior. In the Data Treatment section, we present implications of data aggregation in forecasting and planning activities, as well as provide a methodology to segment SKU's for prioritization during forecasting and planning. While in the Forecast Models section, we explore various forecasting models applied during different stages of the product lifecycle, and utilize these models under "least error" selection with sales data at different levels of aggregation to determine which combination results in the most accurate forecast. Moreover, in the Planning Process section, we explore the Sales and Operations Planning methodology, and provide a set of best practices to design a planning process that meets the requirements of "Company X". Lastly, in the Organizational Behavior section, we depict the "Company X's" planning process and organization, and highlight some of the behaviors typically observed during forecasting and planning activities. Although most of the proposed components provided forecasting and planning improvements over the legacy method, not all of these were implemented at "Company X". Nevertheless, the implemented improvements provided a forecast error reduction from 17% to 10% over the life of the project. However, these improvements were not equal for all SKU segments, as B segment SKU's, or medium criticality products, benefited the most from the execution of this project.
by Daniel Antonio Uriarte.
S.M.
M.B.A.
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Bondesson, Per, and Stefan Liss. "Lean Production & Sustainable Supply Chains in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods Industry." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-200528.
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The Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry consists of a large part of our daily purchases making it to an important industry for the society. Within every industry, operational control and supply chains are important success factors regarding efficiency and profitability. Lately, much attention towards sustainability within the industry has been given, due to environmental and to ethical concerns. The whole industry will be forced to undergo major changes in order to remain and to become sustainable. Therefore, operational control and supply chains need to be effective and sustainable in order to sustain this transformation. In this project, an investigation regarding if Lean production and sustainable supply chains can apply to the FMCG industry is conducted. Difficulties with achieving levelled production and factors to attend to in order to become sustainable will be addressed. A literature review about Lean management and sustainable supply chains will be presented. Furthermore, two case studies will be conducted at two beverage companies where a comparison between theory and reality will be conducted. We found that many of the Toyota Production System (TPS) principles can be hard to implement in the FMCG industry. Therefore, Lean production is not easily obtained within the FMCG industry. Specifically, we found that beverage companies have difficulties obtaining levelled production and implementing production levelling tools suggested in TPS. We found that measures conducted in order to level production mainly focus on optimization of internal processes and shortening of lead times upstream. Work to obtain control over demand management has been done on order to facilitate levelling of the production. Therefore, work to be conducted in order accomplish demand managementis suggested as a recommendation in this report. This recommendation contains factors such as: order placement, lead times pricing and campaigns. Several factors suggested in Sustainable Supply Chain Management literature in order to obtain sustainable supplychains were found in our case studies. We found that information exchange between customer and producer is not optimal. Furthermore, we found that high standards regarding suppliers generally result in that only large suppliers can meet these standards. Thus, making it harder to influence aspects regarding sustainability among suppliers. In closing, the FMCG industry have potential to achieve sustainable supply chains, but some factors remain to be improved.Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industrin utgör de produkter som konsumeras på daglig basis, vilket gör den till en viktig industri för konsumtionssamhället i stort. Inom alla industrier utgör styrning av interna processer och försörjningskedjor viktiga framgångsfaktorer gällandes effektivitet och lönsamhet. Senaste tiden har det riktats mycket uppmärksamhet mot hållbarhets- och etiska aspekter inom hela industrin. Många intressenter menar på att alla industrier måste ändras för att industrin som helhet ska överleva och bli hållbar. Därför måste interna processer och försörjningskedjor anpassas för att stödja transformationen mot hållbarhet. I detta projekt undersöks ifall Lean produktion och hållbara försörjningskedjor kan anpassas till FMCG industrin. Vi kommer särskilt diskutera de svårigheter som finns med att uppnå utjämnat produktionsflöde och faktorer som är viktiga att åtgärda för att erhålla hållbarhet inom förädlingskedjan. En litteraturstudie kring Lean och hållbara försörjningskedjor kommer att utföras. Vidare kommer två fallstudier på två dryckesföretag att genomföras där en jämförelse mellan teori och verklighet kommer ligga tillgrund för våra slutsatser. De upptäckter vi gjorde under arbetet var att många av de fundamentala Lean-principer(TPS) som Toyota introducerar är svåra att uppnå inom FMCG-industrin. Mer specifikt fann vi i våra fallstudier att uppnå ett jämnt produktionsflöde tillhör en av de största svårigheterna inom dryckesindustrin. Vi upptäckte att det arbete som utförts för att uppnå ett jämnt produktionsflöde mestadels fokuserade på att förbättra interna processer och ledtider uppströms i försörjningskedajan. Arbete kring att kontrollera efterfrågan i syfte att utjämna produktionen har gjorts. I rapporten föreslås områden att undersöka för att bättre styra efterfrågan i form av en rekommendation. Denna rekomendation innehåller faktorer som: orderingång, prisättning av leverans och kampanjer. Flertalet av de hållbarhetsfaktorer som läggs fram i litteraturen kring hur man erhåller hållbara försörjningskedjor återfanns i våra fallstudier. Vi fann att faktorer som informationsutbyte mellan kund och producent inte är optimalt. Vidare utgör höga krav på leverantörer att generellt sett stora leverantörer blir de enda som möter uppsatta krav. Detta försvårar möjligheter att påverka leverantören. I detta fall, påverkan kring hållbarhetsaspekter. FMCG industrin har stora möjligheter att erhålla hållbara försörjningskedjor, men några faktorer återstår att förbättra. Dessa faktorer kommer diskuteras i rapporten.
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Weng, Jens Oliver. "Value creation of M & A strategies in the fast-moving consumer goods industry." Thesis, Henley Business School, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274880.
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Ueckermann, Edward Albert. "An assessment of corporate entrepreneurship in the fast-moving consumer goods industry / E.A. Ueckermann." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5073.
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Hu, J. "Patterns of control in the Chinese supply networks in the fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) Industry." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604694.
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This study develops a holistic framework for the control system of supply networks (CSSN) from the perspectives of control processes, control mechanisms and variations of the control systems. It structures and integrates existing knowledge on supply chain management, production operations and network governance, updates cybernetics control concepts for the environment of supply networks, and provides guidance for practitioners to design and evaluate the control systems for their supply networks. Recently, the increasingly tight cooperation of companies and supply networks has called for effective ways to manage the network. Traditional management control has focused on organizational control, based on hierarchical and authoritative motivations. However, in network organization, classic control methods fail to deliver desirable results. Theories on networks and supply chains also lack in-depth discussion of an integrated solution package. This research fills the gap of literature and practice by proposing a loop model embedded with control mechanisms which link all the elements in the supply networks. This research also proposes a new classification for supply networks which matches corresponding control systems. The primary findings of this study are that: The basic components of CSSN are the “control procedures”, i.e. planning – feedback – adjustment; The crucial components of CSSN are the “control mechanisms” that support and complement control procedures. They include operational mechanisms (amplifiers, collectors, filters and action selectors) and configurational mechanisms (transformers); and The four types of supply networks, i.e. organic, parental, bureaucratic and mechanistic networks, correspond to their own control systems, which are the variations of the generic CSSN model.
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Rah, Myung-Hyun Elisa. "Improving supply chain performance by implementing weekly demand planning processes in the consumer packaged goods industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35082.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-63).
This thesis examines how simple weekly demand planning process can improve inventory levels and customers service levels at the Gillette Company. The processes designed by the project team has been tested and executed in a real production environment. The weekly forecast volumes generated by the demand planning team were successfully deployed by the manufacturing plant throughout the course of the project. By successfully executing this simple demand planning process, the project was able to shorten factory firm periods, eliminate the supply warehouse, and de-link demand plan to trade-flow commitments to improve overall supply chain performance.
by Myung-Hyun Elisa Rah.
S.M.
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Ashley, Natasha Lynne. "Critical success factors for multinational enterprises operating in the fast moving consumer goods industry in Nigeria." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65484.
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Due to market saturation and the attractive opportunities offered by globalisation, increasing numbers of multinational enterprises (MNEs) are expanding into Africa. Nigeria, in particular, is perceived as one of the most opportune markets in the story of “Africa rising” and is home to Africa’s biggest economy and population. Accordingly, several MNEs have attempted to gain market share in the fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry in Nigeria. Yet, it is evident that the external environment is unstable and challenging. Although there are laws and policies in place to encourage foreign investment, the external environment of Nigeria is not always conducive to international business operations. MNEs face challenges of corruption and political uncertainty, the liability of foreignness, challenges from local competition, and infrastructure deficiencies. This has led to the failure of several MNEs; however, others have managed to thrive, even in the current economic recession. From this, the primary research question was derived as; what are the CSFs for MNEs operating in the fast moving consumer goods industry in Nigeria? Upon further investigation, there has been no academic research conducted on the CSFs for MNEs operating in the FMCG industry in Nigeria. Therefore, this dissertation sought to vaddress this knowledge gap by asking two secondary research questions: what are the strategic CSFs for MNEs operating in the FMCG industry in Nigeria and what are the operational CSFs for MNEs operating in the FMCG industry in Nigeria? A generic qualitative research approach was employed and thirteen semi-structured interviews with senior managers from MNEs operating in Nigeria were conducted. The unit of analysis was MNEs operating in the FMCG industry in Nigeria and included retail and manufacturing MNEs. Based on the interviews, nineteen strategic CSFs and six operational CSFs were identified. From these, it was evident that understanding the external environment, understanding and meeting the needs of the consumers, and building strong relationships were the most significant SCSFs. Whereas, producing quality products, ensuring efficient distribution and back-up supplies of water and power were vital OCSFs. This study brought to light some of the harsh realities of operating in Nigeria as well as the potential to be successful. Using the existing literature and the advice provided by the participants, this study has numerous implications for future and current managers, as well as the Nigerian government and academics. This study contributes to the body of knowledge about CSFs and sheds light on a topic not previously written about.Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Business Management
MCom
Unrestricted
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Reuter, Markus Andreas. "The fundamental limits of recycling : from minerals processing to computer aided design of automobiles and other consumer goods." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1331.
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Thesis (PhD (Process Engineering)--Stellenbosch University, 2006.My applied engineering research and industrial application work of the past 20 years is presented in this dissertation. It is the conjecture of my work that only if thorough first principles knowledge of the depth of process metallurgy and recycling is available, can meaningful first principles environmental models be developed. These models can then evaluate technology, provide well argued and first principles environmental information to our tax paying consumer society as well as to legislators and environmentalists. Only through this path can one estimate the limits of recycling and its technology, hence evaluate the true boundaries of sustainability. My work with students has presently culminated in the detailed modelling and simulation of recycling systems for post-consumer goods. Notably the models are finding an application in the prediction of legally required recycling rates for automobiles. The models provide first principles arguments for less stringent EU recycling legislation and the integration of the first principles models in computer aided design tools of the automotive industry as part of a large EU 6th Framework (project managed by Volkswagen and the other European car producers). Presently these models are also being converted to model the Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) as well as water recycling systems respectively, both for industry in The Netherlands. This unique rigorous integration of systems engineering, reactor technology and process control theory is the basis of all my work to describe recycling systems as dynamic feedback control loops. My large body of acquired industrial knowledge renders these models practical and can hence be used by the automotive and recycling industries. The origins of this work may be found in the various cited publications and reports to industry by myself (due to my close association with industry as well as industrial experience) over the past 20 years as well as the work of my students, covering topics such as: • system optimization models for flotation, mineral beneficiation and recycling systems and applying these for design for recycling and argue for better/improved first-principles based legislation, • industrial measurement, modelling and simulation of industrial extractive process pyrometallurgical reactors as well waste incinerators and recycling plants, • various activities in other areas such as hydrometallurgy, clean and new breakthrough technology, and • process control of industrial metallurgical reactors by among others the application of artificial intelligence techniques. All the ideas of the last years have been worked out with students and have been summarized in our book: “The Metrics of Material and Metal Ecology, Harmonizing the resource, technology and environmental cycles”.
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Reuter, M. A. "The fundamental limits of recycling : from minerals processing to computer aided design of automobiles and other consumer goods /." Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1394.
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Castillo, Aura C. (Aura Carolina), and Ethem Ucev. "A decision support model for staffing supply chain planners : a case from the consumer packaged goods industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81097.
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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-56).
Reducing or increasing labor force is not always effective when done without a thorough analysis. Organizations could face negative consequences such us unbalanced workload, inefficient procedures, lost sales, and negative work atmosphere. An increasing number of organizations are centralizing operations in order to optimize labor costs. However, not all companies assess the new number of employees required after centralization takes place, and for those companies that actually do this analysis, there are not quantitative tools, as far as we know in the literature, that can help them estimate the workforce required. This thesis project provides practitioners with a new mathematical model to estimate an appropriate number of production planners required for the supply chain planning department of a company in the consumer packaged goods industry. Using bivariate correlation and multiple regression analysis, we explored whether a relationship exists between the required number of production planners in the new centralized offices of the Company and 13 factors that impact employee's workload. The resulting regression model accounts for 98% of the variance of the number of planners.
by Aura C. Castillo and Ethem Ucev.
M.Eng.in Logistics
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Mcleod, Rebeca Martins. "“The lean startup” approach : a practical methodology implementation for consumer goods products in the healthy snack industry." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16567.
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Mestrado em Ciências EmpresariaisA metodologia Lean Startup foi utilizada para desenvolver uma solução de negócio no setor da alimentação saudável. Ao recorrer a esta abordagem, foi criado um modelo de negócios que posteriormente foi testado, de forma a obter feedback dos possíveis clientes. Durante o processo inicial de desenvolvimento o plano de negócios sofreu muitas alterações resultantes dos inputs dos clientes. Dado o padrão no feedback recolhido, foram testadas três hipóteses de problema: "Os snacks disponíveis no local de trabalho não satisfazem as necessidades nutricionais e não estão alinhados com os objetivos alimentares", "Comer saudável é demorado e difícil" e "Comer snacks saudáveis diariamente não é financeiramente viável". Todas estas hipóteses foram confirmadas através de uma análise qualitativa e quantitativa, ou seja, através de entrevistas presenciais e de um inquérito online. Para o desenvolvimento da solução, foi apresentado um protótipo do produto aos inquiridos. Os dados recolhidos do inquérito confirmaram o problema e validaram os benefícios apresentados da solução. Apesar da solução encontrada resolver o problema estudado, esta oportunidade de negócio ainda necessita de uma maior maturidade de mercado. Efetivamente, analisando os resultados, a solução encontrada é plausível. No entanto, para provar a viabilidade do projeto, os pressupostos ainda precisam de ser confirmados através de um maior estudo e alcance de mercado.
The Lean Startup Methodology was used to develop a business solution in the healthy snacking business sector. While using this approach, a business model was created and then tested against customer feedback. During early customer development process, business model pivoting occurred with initial customer feedback. Given sharp pattern recognition of customers' pain, three new problem statements were tested: "Available snacks in your work place don't fulfill your nutritional needs and aren't aligned with your dietary goals", "Snacking healthy is really time consuming and hard to come by", and "Snacking healthy daily isn't financially viable". All problem hypothesis was confirmed by qualitative and quantitative analysis of all interview results. For product development, an initial product prototype was rendered and displayed to customers through an online survey. Collected data from the online questionnaire further confirmed the problem hypothesis and validated both solution benefits and features. Despite problem and solution fit, the pursued business opportunity is still shot from market maturity. In fact, by showing early promising validation results and sparking customer interest, this business solution is plausible, but many assumptions are yet to be confirmed to achieve product-market fit and project viability.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Costa, Bárbara Reis da. "Cash conversion cycle across industries." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11731.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsThe purpose of this research is to assess whether Cash Conversion Cycle differs between industries via their components, namely Days Inventory Outstanding, Days Sales Outstanding and Days Payables Outstanding. Based on a sample of multinational companies from two different industries, Fast Moving Consumer Goods and Airline industry for the period 2009-2012, the results suggest that Cash Conversion Cycle differs between industries. Also it differs between large and smaller companies due to different accounting choices. It contributes to a better understanding about how size of the firm, inventory system, liquidity and payables impact on CCC and consequently on companies’ profitability.
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Steenkamp, Ernst Nicholas. "Investigating CRM application within the South African FMCG industry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1020.
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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate CRM application in South Africa with specific reference to the FMCG industry in this country. The research started off with a literature review of CRM with reference to its failures and successes as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the system, furthermore the requirements for a successful CRM system were investigated. Interviews were also held with industry experts to gain insights into CRM application in South Africa. The study found that, although the FMCG industry in South Africa is based on the B2B route to market and not on the B2C route to market, CRM still has the potential to add value to the organisation. In addition, the failures of CRM are not industry-specific but common across industries. There are a vast number of reasons for the failure of CRM, ranging from CRM’s exclusion from the company strategy to a lack of change management and a lack of end-user involvement in the implementation of the system and process. Although it would seem that CRM fails more than it succeeds it is not due to the system itself but to human nature and reluctance to change. The research clearly illustrates that CRM fails as a result of human decisions and the disadvantages posed by the system. It is clear that CRM starts with the organisation’s strategy. If CRM complies or fits in with the strategy of the company it will succeed. What’s more, CRM has to be driven from top management down. Lastly, CRM will work for the FMCG industry of South Africa and will add value to any organisation dealing with customers. However, this will only be realised if the organisation follows a customer-centric approach and if CRM is not seen as an IT project but rather as part of the organisational culture.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om die toepassing van CRM (kliënteverhoudings-bestuur – customer relationship management) in Suid-Afrika te ondersoek met spesifieke verwysing na die bedryf vir vlot verkoopbare verbruikersgoedere (FMCG – fast-moving consumer goods) in dié land. Die navorsing het met ’n literatuuroorsig van CRM begin met verwysing na die mislukkings, suksesse en die voor- en nadele van die stelsel. Die vereistes vir ’n suksesvolle CRM-stelsel is ook ondersoek. Daarby is onderhoude met kundiges in die bedryf gevoer om insig in die toepassing van CRM in Suid-Afrika te verkry. Die studie het bevind dat hoewel die FMCG-bedryf in Suid-Afrika op die B2B roete na mark en nie op die B2C roete na mark gegrond is nie, het CRM steeds die potensiaal om waarde tot die organisasie toe te voeg. Daarby is die gebreke van CRM nie bedryfspesifiek nie maar kom dit algemeen by alle bedryfsrigtings voor. Die talle redes vir die mislukkig van CRM wissel van die uitsluiting van CRM van die maatskappy se strategie tot by ’n gebrek aan veranderingsbestuur en ’n gebrek aan eindgebruiker-betrokkenheid in die implementering van die stelsel en die proses. Hoewel dit voorkom of CRM meer misluk as wat dit slaag, is dit nie die gevolg van die stelsel self nie maar van die menslike aard en onwilligheid om te verander. Die navorsing toon duidelik aan dat CRM as gevolg van menslike besluite en die nadele van die stelsel misluk. Dit is duidelik dat CRM by die organisasie se strategie begin. Indien CRM aan die maatskappystrategie voldoen of daarby inpas, sal dit slaag. Daarby moet CRM deur topbestuur van bo af gedryf word. Laastens sal CRM vir die FMCG-bedryf in Suid-Afrika werk en waarde tot enige organisasie toevoeg wat met kliënte werk. Dit sal egter net realiseer indien die organisasie ’n kliëntgesentreerde benadering volg en indien CRM nie as ’n IT-projek nie maar as deel van die organisasie se kultuur gesien word.
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Rossetti, Joseph Anthony. "Product Variety in the U.S. Yogurt Industry." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu152407869932886.
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Croce, Salvatore. "Theoretical studies of elastic effects in segregation of small molecules in complex polymer mixtures : impact on consumer goods industry." Thesis, Durham University, 2018. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12689/.
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When a polymer mixture of two types of polymers having different molecular weights are left to equilibrate, the polymer having the lower molecular weight migrates to the free interface. This phenomenon is known as surface migration. We present a theoretical framework to explain this phenomenon and to quantitatively predict the amount of material that migrates to the interface. In what follows, we provide a review of the background literature, emphasizing the phenomenology behind such a segregation process, the different theoretical developments including variational methods and self consistent field theory as well as the experimental techniques that have been used to measure the amount of material leeches as a function of parameters e.g. temperature, surface tension and the mixing parameter (that determines whether the bulk polymeric phase is mixed or phase separated). The main hypothesis presented in this thesis is that the elasticity of the polymer matrix through which the low molecular weight species migrates to the free interface is an important parameter that has not been taken into account so far. This raises the interesting possibility of controlling surface migration by tuning matrix rigidity by changing polymer elasticity with broad industrial applications.
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Ford, Nicholas. "Packaging development in an ageing society : a case study approach in the United Kingdom fast-moving consumer goods industry." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2014. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/packaging-development-in-an-ageing-society(82cdee31-e903-4494-ad67-4df0607277a0).html.
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There is a growing body of research demonstrating the effects of age-related changes on product usability and the value derived from consumption experiences. In particular, difficulties with packaging have been identified as a source of dissatisfaction and a key barrier to older people maintaining their independence. Despite this, marketing literature into older consumers’ packaging experiences is limited. Likewise, packaging development has been afforded scant attention in the new product development literature. Whilst there is extensive design literature exploring packaging openability among older consumers, these studies focus largely on biological ageing, thus overlooking aspects of psychological and social ageing. As such, these studies only capture a small part of the various consumer-packaging interactions. Based on these limitations, the purpose of this study is twofold: to explore how ageing affects packaging needs; and to examine how the management of packaging development affects firms’ abilities to deliver value to older consumers. The findings highlight the importance of packaging development in contributing to older people’s abilities to access, open and consume fast-moving consumer goods products independently. Maintaining this independence is found to positively contribute to quality of life. However, a variety of organisational factors and development team characteristics are found to inhibit firms from targeting older consumers and identifying and exploiting a variety of new packaging opportunities. This study contributes to the literature by providing new insights into the packaging needs of older consumers. The conceptual framework presented contributes to new product development literature by providing a new perspective with which to view fast-moving consumer goods product development; one where packaging development is used to offer value to older consumers.
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Huang, Ouya. "Chinese Gen Z's Knowledge of, Attitude toward, and Behavioral Intentions towards Personal Luxury Fashion Goods available via Drop Marketing Strategies." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1619113044016614.
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Marinho, Dias Torres Neto Antonio. "Blockbuster vs. scattershot : a contingent relationship between product line length strategy and performance in the fast-moving consumer goods industry." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/blockbuster-vs-scattershot-a-contingent-relationship-between-product-line-length-strategy-and-performance-in-the-fastmoving-consumer-goods-industry(65b6a1c5-2872-4399-955c-e6ee3fa8cfc6).html.
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Some firms focus on few products with broad appeal, whereas others leverage variety as an important part of their offering. This study investigates the conditions under which each of these product line length strategies is optimal in the fast-moving consumer goods industry. It does so by focusing on the relationship between product line length strategy and firm top-line performance, in the light of a discrete framework derived from the strategic fit paradigm and the strategic triangle. Results show that customer factors (i.e., variety per household and value per purchase) and competitor factors (i.e., concentration and proliferation) drive the strategic fit of a firm's product line length strategy to the market in which it competes, so that firms deploying market-fitting strategies face higher odds of market share growth than firms deploying contrarian strategies. Firms with certain company factors (i.e., innovativeness and brand equity), however, face higher odds of market share growth by challenging the market fit and deploying contrarian strategies than by deploying market-fitting strategies. This study offers a stepping stone towards addressing product line length strategy as a discrete choice on product line positioning, an innovative approach with potential to generate concrete business impact.
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Soliman, Karim. "Building a resilient supply chain model in the Middle East Region : an empirical study on Fast Moving Consumer Goods industry." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/9694.
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Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) supply chains (SCs) are becoming more and more vulnerable to different types of risks due to the increasing complexity of markets, uncertainties, and turbulence, especially in the Middle East Region (MER). The main reason behind this is the political and economic instabilities resulting from the Arab Spring revolutions which affected all SC entities. There is an urgent need to investigate how to build resilient SCs that can help all partners in the chain to proactively identify and sidestep risks, and bounce back more quickly in the case of disruptions. For this reason, this research focuses on the creation of effective SC resilience model that could help companies to avoid SC risks to reduce vulnerability instead of being reactive toward disruptions. A conceptual model for SC resilience has been developed which identified three main constructs of SC resilience: risks, capabilities, and key performance indicators (KPIs). The links between the three constructs have been established. The empirical study has been conducted in two stages. In stage one, semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data from 30 companies in FMCG SCs operating in the MER. A combination of thematic and comparative analysis has been used to analyse the qualitative data collected from the interviews in order to identify the main themes (types of risks and their causes, capabilities, and relevant KPIs), and to find the relations between themes. In stage 2, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to prioritize and rank the risks, capabilities, and KPIs using pairwise comparisons by taking into account opinions and preferences from SC managers in the FMCG industry in the MER. Preceding the analysis, a second round of structured interviews according to AHP process were conducted with the same 30 companies used in stage one. The thesis adds to the SC resilience literature by empirically explore the main causes of SC vulnerabilities that the FMCG SCs face in the MER and how companies can increase their capabilities to improve the resilience performance of the entire chain. An important contribution of this thesis is the development of the model for SC resilience in FMCG industry in MER context, that provides a useful reference model to assist managers in build a resilient SC, specifically, by identifying the main types of risks and their sources, by defining relevant capabilities that can help anticipate and overcome risks, and by recommending appropriate KPIs that can act as a sensor to market dynamics in the FMCG industry in MER. The model with the matrices (of risks-capabilities-KPIs) developed in this research established the links and interactions among the risks, capabilities, and KPIs which have great potential in guiding decision makers through the SC management (SCM) process, so that more informed decisions can be made and implemented for important risks to be avoided and to create more resilient FMCG SCs.
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Diehl, Doreen [Verfasser], Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Spinler, and Lutz [Akademischer Betreuer] Kaufmann. "Supply chain risk Management: a case study in the fast moving consumer goods industry / Doreen Diehl. Betreuer: Stefan Spinler ; Lutz Kaufmann." Vallendar : WHU - Otto Beisheim School of Management, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1046307592/34.
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Gustafsson, Hannah, Lawko Karim, and Fuglerud Helmie Säll. "Value Enhancers and Inhibitors for Green Purchasing Behavior : Attitudes towards green products within the food industry among young Swedish consumers." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44087.
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Abstract Problem: Food consumption represents the largest contributor to climate change in Sweden, with activities that contribute to excess waste and greenhouse gas emissions. Although studies indicate positive attitudes towards green purchasing behavior among young Swedish consumers, inconsistency between green purchasing intent and actual behavior have been noticed. Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative research paper was to understand and identify underlying enablers and inhibitor to green purchasing behavior amongst young Swedish adults. Furthermore, the authors sought to understand the inconsistency between purchasing intent and actual purchasing behavior, of young Swedish consumers. Method: To answer the research question a qualitative research was conducted with a deductive approach. Focus groups with semi-open interview questions were used to collect empirical data. The target group for this research were young Swedish adults between the ages of 20-26. Conclusion: This research identified knowledge as the main inhibitor and enhancer of green purchasing behavior, as well as other factors that can be traced back to the amount and accessibility of knowledge. It was also concluded that companies have failed in delivering their green marketing strategies, as young consumers display confusion and mistrust towards green products.
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Africa, Rochelle. "The relationship between authentic leadership and employee psychological capital in an organisation within the fast moving consumer goods food industry (FMCG), Western Cape." The University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5770.
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Magister Commercii (Industrial Psychology) - MCom (IPS)The recent economic situation in South Africa including the weak rand has led to a number of problems within the workplace including, retrenchment, unemployment, protracted strikes, decrease in motivation and fear of being jobless (Du Plessis & Barkhuizen, 2012). Instead of focusing on how the economy negatively affects employees with regards to their burnout, stress and job insecurity, organisations need to take a more positive approach and consider how individuals persevere through challenging times and still maintain a high sense of work performance. Recently that notion has changed as organisations moved their focus to positive organisational psychology. The positive psychology movement was spearheaded by Martin Seligman (Luthans, 2002). Seligman who was the American Psychology Association President began to understand and realised that little focus was given to the individual?s strength and that was how the positive psychology movement started (Luthans, 2002). Authentic leadership studies the leader?s transparent and genuine leadership style. Authentic leadership is an important leadership characteristic as the employees will start to trust their authentic leaders and hence the leader will be more likely to role-model behaviours that include hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism, which form the core dimensions of psychological capital. The study will establish whether the leader?s leadership style has an impact on the employee?s psychological capital. Data was collected through the psychological capital questionnaire (PCQ) the authentic leadership questionnaire (ALQ) and a biographical questionnaire. Probability sampling was used to gather the data of the present study. The data was analysed using statistical package for social science (SPSS).The study found that there was a relationship between authentic leadership and the three dimensions of psychological capital (hope, efficacy, and optimism). The dimension of resilience had no correlation with authentic leadership, which means that the leader?s leadership style does not influence or motivate the employee to be resilient. From the findings, it is evident that the organisation needs to focus more on the authentic leadership behaviours and resilience of employees. This is likely to assist the organisation with improving retention and engagement of employees.
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Söderholm, Linda, and Jenny Olofsson. "The Effect of Corporations’ Irresponsible Actions on Young Consumers’ Purchasing Behavior in the FMCG Apparel Industry." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-227308.
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Background and Problem: CSI is a topic with a limited amount of research despite it being a very relevant issue and that its counter pole CSR is one of today’s most popular subjects to study. In both areas there is a gap in the literature regarding the apparel industry where there CSI can be evident in many different aspects, especially in the production process. In the FMCG market, the demand for apparel that has been produced ethically has increased over the years. Still, the importance that the consumers place on ethical attributes in their purchase decisions is rather unknown. Purpose: The study's purpose is to investigate the young consumers’ emotions towards FMCG apparel corporations in order to see if CSI actions give them a negative attitude. It will further be explored to see if the attitude towards the corporations reflects in their intentional purchase behavior and their actual behavior. This will provide insight to the young consumers’ knowledge and interest for CSI, aiding corporations in their quest for excellence when it comes to consumer relationships. Method: This research is done through a deductive, qualitative research. A literature review is done to create a great understanding to the concepts of CSI, consumer attitudes and planned behavior. Four focus groups are conducted as a base for the empirical findings. Further, these two chapters are compared in an analysis to get an understanding about the young consumers’ attitudes towards corporations acting unethically and the affects it may have on their planned behavior. Conclusion: Based on the analysis, the study found clear evidence that the participants have a negative attitude towards corporations’ CSI activities. However, these attitudes did not, as theory suggests, have any effect on the participants’ intended and actual purchasing behavior. Instead it is shown that young consumers base their decisions on contextual factors, where the most significant one is price.
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Rohrs, Werner. "The effect of product mix complexity in the FMCG industry, with specific focus on manufacturing." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85165.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2007.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Product Mix Complexity is a very real issue in modern companies. As globalisation and competition increase, markets mature and the needs of individual consumers get ever more specific, the trend towards more product variety will grow. Product Mix refers to the full range of products that a company offers to its customers. Product Mix Complexity refers to the effect that this product variety has on organizational performance. Understanding and management of this problem is difficult due to the many organizational elements involved, the complicated relationship between these elements and the fact that the problem crosses functional organization boundaries. A company may choose to differentiate itself in the market by offering a broad product mix. To do this effectively the price that can be asked for an item must offset the additional costs brought on by this complexity. This balance between variety that drives sales, and the costs of the added complexity is at the core of the effective management of Product Mix Complexity. The effect of this complexity in manufacturing relates to the loss of scale efficiencies and the need for flexibility in operations. Due to the difficulty in understanding the complex effects of variety, company portfolios tend to proliferate, resulting in a very skewed spread of product contributions where a small % of products contribute a high proportion of company profits. Management processes that continuously evaluate the total profitability of their portfolios from a ‘cost of complexity’ point of view are needed. Cost accounting systems often do not accurately account for this cost of complexity. The effects of Product Mix Complexity are investigated in Cadbury South Africa. The business displays clear signs of having a classical ‘Pareto’ spread of products where a ‘long tail’ of small volume products add very little profit to the business. The Port Elizabeth factory is an above average complex plant within the Cadbury group. It was found that the cost allocation system employed by Cadbury is not accurately allocating costs to products and is thereby aggravating the proliferation of the Cadbury product portfolio. Potential savings by rationalizing the Cadbury product portfolio are identified. A number of recommendations to better manage the presence of Product Mix Complexity are made, both for the business as a whole and for manufacturing specifically.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Produkmengselkompleksiteit is alomteenwoordig in moderne besighede. Die neiging tot meer produkverskeidenheid groei namate globalisering, kompetisie en verbruikers se behoeftes na verskeidenheid toeneem. ‘Produkmengsel’ verwys na die volle reeks produkte wat ’n maatskappy aan die mark bied. ‘Produkmengselkompleksiteit’ verwys na die effek wat produkverskeidenheid het op die doeltreffendheid van ’n besigheid. Die probleem is moeilik om te definieer en te verstaan as gevolg van die baie besigheidselemente wat betrokke is, die komplekse verhoudinge tussen hierdie elemente en die multi-funksionele aard van die probleem. Vir strategiese redes wil ’n maatskappy soms ’n groot verskeidenheid produkte aanbied om hom te onderskei in die mark. Om hierdie strategie winsgewend te maak moet die prys wat behaal word opmaak vir die ekstra kostes wat aangegaan word om die breë verskeidenheid te kan aanbied. Die balans tussen die interne koste van verskeidenheid en die voordeel van die verskeidenheid is baie belangrik in die effektiewe bestuur van produkmengselkompleksiteit. Omdat die effek van verskeidenheid moeilik is om te definieer, neig maatskappye daarna om liewer te veel as te min produkte aan te bied. Die gevolg is dikwels ‘n ongebalanseerde distribusie van produkwinsgewendheid waar ’n klein persentasie produkte verantwoordelik is vir die oorgrote meerderheid van die wins. Bestuursprosesse wat produkportefeuljes vanuit ‘n kompleksiteitskoste oogpunt evalueer ontbreek dikwels. Produkkostemodelle neem ook dikwels nie hierdie koste akkuraat in ag nie. Die effek van produkmengselkompleksiteit in Cadbury Suid-Afrika word in hierdie studie ondersoek. Dit is duidelik dat Cadbury Suid-Afrika ’n klassieke ‘Pareto’ effek vertoon waar ’n lang stert van klein produkte baie min tot besigheidswins-gewendheid bydra. Die Port Elizabeth fabriek vertoon ook bogemiddelde kompleksiteit relatief tot ander Cadbury fabrieke. Kompleksiteitskostes word nie akkuraat toegedeel tot produkkostes nie, met die gevolg dat klein produkte aanhoudend tot die produkmengsel gevoeg word. Die potensiële besparings as gevolg van rasionalisasie van die produkportefeulje is bereken. Aanbevelings vir die beter bestuur van produkmengselkompleksiteit word gemaak vir die besigheid as ’n geheel en vir vervaardiging spesifiek.
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Ashraf, A. K. (Abdul Kareem Mohamed). "Cross-functional conflicts in new product launches in the food industry." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526206455.
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Abstract This study explores the cross-functional conflicts in new product launches in the context of food industry, with particular focus to fast moving consumer goods setting. The purpose of this study is to develop an empirically grounded model of cross-functional conflicts in new product launches for the food industry. The theoretical approach taken in this study follows the resource based view of the firm. The theoretical framework was developed to make the conflict enablers, cross-functional conflicts and new product launches explicit for analysis. The empirical part of this study includes a qualitative single case study, which was geographically and culturally focused on Saudi Arabia. The research data was collected primarily through interviews from selected informants of the selected case company and representatives of two strategic partners and two competitors. The data was analyzed to empirically elaborate the theoretical framework. As a result of the data analysis, the cross-functional conflicts were categorized under task and relationship conflicts. The role of marketing resources in cross-functional conflicts was found to be more complex than what had been reported in their earlier research. The results of the data analysis were used to revise the theoretical model of cross-functional conflicts in the new product launches. The research provides several theoretical contributions and managerial implications in cross-functional conflicts in new product launchesAbstrakti Väitöstutkimuksessa tarkastellaan yrityksen toimintojen välisiä konflikteja uusien tuotteiden lanseerauksen yhteydessä. Empiirisenä kohdetoimialana tarkastellaan elintarviketeollisuutta, erityisesti nopeasti liikkuvien kulutustuotteiden kontekstissa. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on kehittää empiirisesti perusteltu malli toimintojen välisistä konflikteista uusien tuotteiden lanseerauksessa elintarviketeollisuudessa. Tutkimuksen teoreettinen lähestymistapa hyödyntää resurssiperustaista teoriaa. Työssä laaditun teoreettisen viitekehyksen avulla voidaan analysoida konfliktien mahdollistajia, toimintojen välisiä konflikteja ja uusien tuotteiden lanseerausta. Tutkimuksen empiirisessä osassa on toteutettu laadullinen tapaustutkimus, joka sijoittuu maantieteellisesti ja kulttuurisesti Saudi Arabiaan. Tutkimusaineisto kerättiin pääasiassa haastattelemalla valitun kohdeyrityksen edustajia sekä kahden strategisen kumppaniyrityksen edustajia sekä kahden kilpailijayrityksen edustajia. Teoreettista viitekehystä täydennettiin ja täsmennettiin empiirisen aineiston analyysin avulla. Tutkimustulokset osoittavat, että toimintojen välisiä konflikteja voidaan kategorisoida tehtävään ja suhteisiin liittyviin konflikteihin. Markkinointiresurssien rooli toimintojen välisissä konflikteissa näyttäytyi monimutkaisempana kuin olemassa oleva kirjallisuus antoi olettaa. Teoreettista mallia muokattiin empiirisen analyysin perusteella. Tutkimus tarjoaa useita teoreettisia kontribuutioita ja liikkeenjohdollisia implikaatioita liittyen toimintojen välisiin konflikteihin uusien tuotteiden lanseerauksessa
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Oppenheim, Vicki Ann. "Public Market Trade Areas: Local Goods, Farmers, and Community in the U.S. Southwest Region, 1996-2016." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1157534/.
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The number of public markets in the United States increased from more than 300 in the 1970s to more than 8,600 by 2016. This increase in markets is related to changes in food production, localism and the local food systems movement, socioeconomic changes, cultural changes, and perceptions of embeddedness. Research on the underlying conditions for the success of public markets is scant in the United States, and especially in the USDA Southwest Region. This study provides analysis of public market locations as compared with non-market locations by drive-time trade areas during a 20-year period, 1996 and 2016, to gain further insights into factors leading to their success. The results from logit regression analyses and simulations of socioeconomic, college-town status, and climate-grid classifications find an increased likelihood of public markets with population, education, college town status, and some climate-grid locations. Median income, surprisingly, has an inverse relationship with public market success. Qualitative data and a literature review point to three types of embeddedness that motivate customers to attend public markets. This study concludes that "local nontradable consumer goods" tied to place are offered at these "nontradable consumption amenities." These amenities are "third places" that promote social interaction and become important places of community, farmer support, and commerce across the Southwest Region.
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Lueb, Mario [Verfasser], Hans-Otto [Akademischer Betreuer] Günther, and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Almeder. "Modeling production sequences in the fast moving consumer goods industry : the impact of changeover structure in integrated lot-sizing and scheduling / Mario Lueb. Gutachter: Hans-Otto Günther ; Christian Almeder. Betreuer: Hans-Otto Günther." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1065665989/34.
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Dahl, Martina, and Anna Johnsson. "Extending the Understanding of Sales promotions’ Influence on Brand Knowledge : A Quantitative Study." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-44946.
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Title: A quantitative study extending the understanding regarding the influence of sales promotion on brand knowledge Background: Sales promotion is a marketing communication activity that aims to promote a purchase, usage or trial of a particular brand. Sales promotion activities can provide significant benefits and incentives that could help the brand to differentiate from competitors and can contribute to the consumer’s brand knowledge. Prior to this thesis, there has been little attempt to integrate research to determine the relationship between the use of sales promotions and brand knowledge, which is why this study intends to extend the existent understanding. Purpose: The aim of this study is to extend the understanding regarding the relationship between sales promotion and brand knowledge and its drivers. Research questions: R1: What influence does monetary promotions have on brand awareness? R2: What influence does monetary promotions have on brand image? R3: What influence does non-monetary promotions have on brand awareness? R4: What influence does non-monetary promotions have on brand image? Hypotheses: H1: Monetary promotions of a brand influence brand awareness H2: Non-monetary promotions of a brand influence brand awareness H3: Monetary promotions of a brand influence brand image H4: Non-monetary promotions of a brand influence brand image Methodology: In order to test the hypotheses a quantitative research approach was conducted and a questionnaire was used to collect data from Swedish consumers, the data was analyzed in the IBM SPSS program to find out if the hypotheses was supported or rejected. Conclusions: H1,H3 and H4: May from this study be supported. H2: May from this study be rejected.
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Nierobisch, Tim Nicolas [Verfasser], Waldemar [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Toporowski, Yasemin [Gutachter] Boztuğ, and Till [Gutachter] Dannewald. "Assessing Flagship Store Effectiveness : Updating Brand Experience and Its Consequences by Using the Example of two National Brands in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Industry / Tim Nicolas Nierobisch ; Gutachter: Waldemar Toporowski, Yasemin Boztug, Till Dannewald ; Betreuer: Waldemar Toporowski." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1130868443/34.
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Nierobisch, Tim Nicolas Verfasser], Waldemar [Akademischer Betreuer] [Toporowski, Yasemin Gutachter] Boztuğ, and Till [Gutachter] [Dannewald. "Assessing Flagship Store Effectiveness : Updating Brand Experience and Its Consequences by Using the Example of two National Brands in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Industry / Tim Nicolas Nierobisch ; Gutachter: Waldemar Toporowski, Yasemin Boztug, Till Dannewald ; Betreuer: Waldemar Toporowski." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:7-11858/00-1735-0000-0023-3E23-1-6.
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Mehanovic, Aldijana, and Sofia Eriksson. "Internt upparbetade immateriella tillgångar : en studie om identifiering och redovisning i branschen konsumentvaror och -tjänster." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-79201.
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Bakgrund: Inkonsekvensen i hanteringen av internt upparbetade immateriella tillgångar har uppmärksammats av bland annat standardsättarna IASB, AASB, ASBJ samt organisationen RFR. RFR menar att mer fokus bör läggas på identifieringen och redovisningen av internt upparbetade immateriella tillgångar på grund av deras markanta ökning samt betydelse för företag och kunder. Syfte: Studien ska beskriva den kontext där internt upparbetade immateriella tillgångar förekommer, och därmed bidra till en förståelse över hur deras egenskaper och identifiering behandlas redovisningsmässigt, inom branschen konsumentvaror och -tjänster. Metod: Studien är gjord utifrån en kvalitativ ansats och är baserad på intervjuer med företag inom branschen konsumentvaror och -tjänster som har internt upparbetade immateriella tillgångar. Resultat: Branschen konsumentvaror och -tjänster använder sig av både formella och informella tumregler vid identifiering av internt upparbetade immateriella tillgångar på grund av den osäkerhet som råder vid bedömning. Existensen av tumregler påverkas av faktorerna nyckelpersoner, erfarenheter samt storleken på företaget och posten internt upparbetade immateriella tillgångar. Branschen anser att det finns svårigheter i de existerande regelverken men att standarden IAS 38 är tillräcklig överlag.Background: The inconsistency, in the management of internally generated intangible assets, is addressed by the standard setters IASB, AASB, ASBJ and by the Swedish organization RFR. RFR argue that more attention should be placed on the identification and recognition of internally generated intangible assets, this due to their significant increase and impact on companies and customers. Aim: The study is describing the context in which internally generated intangible assets exist. Hence, contributing to an understanding of how their characteristics and identification are treated in accounting, in the consumer goods and service industry. Completion: The study has a qualitative approach and is based on interviews with companies with internally generated intangible assets in the consumer goods and service industry. Result: The consumer goods and service industry use formal and informal heuristics in order to identify internally generated intangible assets due to the uncertainty in the assessment. The existence of heuristics is affected by the following factors; key personnel, experience, company size and size of the internally generated intangible assets. The industry perceives difficulties in the existing regulations, but finds IAS 38 to be, overall, adequate.
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Avendaño, Luis Emiliano Costa. "Análise da prática do design na micro e pequena indústria no setor moveleiro do Estado de São Paulo: contexto, estratégia e competitividade nas empresas que possuem a cultura do design." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16134/tde-08062017-090917/.
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Nos anos recentes tem-se percebido o interesse pela contribuição do design na inovação e nos negócios, mas esta visão com foco no design, por outro lado, ainda não está plenamente inserida na estratégia da indústria. Esta tese tem por objetivo analisar não só a cultura de design na micro e pequena indústria, tomando como exemplo o setor moveleiro no estado de São Paulo, como também, dentro do contexto estratégico, quais são os fatores que interferem e decidem o sucesso ou não da inserção da ferramenta de design e sua gestão. Neste sentido,são estudados os aspectos relativos ao design como diferencial do negócio, a estrutura organizacional das micro e pequenas indústrias, a Gestão de Design como sistema integrador de competências, seu consumidor, e como toda esta estrutura desenvolve as características do design na organização, para finalmente propor um modelo teórico que possa indicar soluções estratégicas para a inserção do design dentro da Micro e Pequena Indústria. A tese inicia-se na proposta de que o design e sua gestão podem alavancar a indústria pela sua visão estratégica, trazendo não só inovação nos conceitos desenvolvidos, própria da cultura do design, bem como sendo um fator integrador de estratégias no âmbito do design e do marketing. O estudo mostra que a Gestão de Design e o Modelo teórico aqui proposto podem ser um componente importante para implementar soluções competitivas e integradoras com outras ferramentas estratégicas da organização.In recent years, there has been great interest in design innovation and contribution to the business; however, this business vision, focusing on design, is not yet fully in line with the industry strategy. This thesis aims to examine not only the design culture in the Micro and Small Industry, taking as an example the furniture sector in the State of São Paulo, but also within the strategic context and business. These factors interfere with and help decide the success or failure of an integration design tool and its management. In this sense, the aspects studied are design as a differential business, the organizational structure of Micro and Small Industries, Design Management as a system integrator skill, customers, and how all this structure develops the design features in the organization to finally propose a theoretical model that can indicate strategic solutions for integrating design within the business vision. The thesis begins by proposing that design and management can leverage the industry towards its strategic vision, not only innovating developed concepts, its own design culture, but integrating factor strategies in design and marketing as well. The study shows that Design Management and the Theoretical Model proposed herein can be an important component to implement competitive solutions and integrated with other strategic organizational tools.
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Alex, Bengtsson, and Sundquist Fanny. "Doing Well by Avoiding Bad : consumers' Perceptions of CSR and the Effect on Consumer-Based Brand Equity." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-19690.
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Problem Formulation: The clothing industry is characterised by fierce competition and booming growth. Since the start of the century, clothing consumption has increased tremendously. While consumers are demanding more clothes at cheaper prices, interest for sustainable sourced clothes is also on the rise, especially amongst the younger population. Thus, engaging in CSR could offer potential brand advantages for companies competing in the clothing industry. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to explain the relationship between consumers’ perceptions of the organisational actions that are perceived as “doing good”, “avoiding bad” and “doing bad”, and Consumer-Based Brand Equity. Methodology: This thesis adopts a quantitative research method with questionnaires distributed physically at universities and shared in student Facebook-groups. The data collected from the questionnaire consists of 205 valid answers from students at Swedish universities. Findings/Conclusions: The findings based on multiple regression analyses on the results of the distributed questionnaire suggest that organisational actions that are perceived as “avoiding bad” can positively affect Consumer-Based Brand Equity. Furthermore, the findings did not support that engagement in activities that are perceived as “doing bad” is detrimental to Consumer-Based Brand Equity, nor that philanthropic activities that are perceived as “doing good” positively affect Consumer-Based Brand Equity.
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Meng, Xiangru, and Yue Xiao. "Antecedents of Chinese millennial consumers' purchase intentions via following influencers' recommendations: the sports goods industry." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Jönköping University, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-48410.
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Background In recent years, with the rapid development of e-commerce in China, various online media and digital social platforms have attracted more users, and online marketing has gradually replaced traditional marketing strategies. The increasing frequency of online shopping by Chinese consumers, especially millennials, presents a huge opportunity for influencer marketing. Influencers with a large number of followers have been used by many companies as online marketing tools. To deeply explore the reasons why Chinese millennial consumers buy products recommended by the influencer, the Theory of Triadic Influence (TTI) was used as the theoretical basis to form the theoretical framework of this study after a review of academic literature, and various factors such as Chinese culture, different industries, personal influence stream, environment, and social environment should be considered. Purpose The purpose of this research is to study the factors that affect Chinese millennial consumers to follow the recommendations of influencers in purchasing sports products through Taobao, Tik Tok, or Weibo. MethodIn this quantitative research, 362 Chinese respondents' data were collected through an online questionnaire. The data of the 302 sample were tested and analyzed by SPSS software since they were referring to Chinese millennials who have followed influencers and purchased sports products online. Conclusion According to the data analysis results of this study, behavior control, self-efficacy, and attitude will actively promote Chinese millennial consumers' purchase intentions of sports products recommended by influencers. Finally, social norms are related to Chinese culture, which may explain why this hypothesis does not significantly predict consumers' online purchase intentions. Therefore, this study could provide suggestions for influencers and online retailers to help them improve the online purchasing intention of Chinese millennial consumers, and thus improve the sales and profit. On the other hand, this study can help consumers understand the marketing strategies of influencers to achieve the purpose of helping them to make more rational consumption.
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Carlsson, Priscilla, and Panahi Sandra Nikkhooye. "Designens hållbarhetskraft : En kvalitativ studie om design och hållbarhet inom produktutveckling av dagligvaror." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-38317.
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Hållbarhet värderas allt högre utav konsumenter och allt fler företag satsar på ett utökat hållbarhetsarbete. Detta innebär att företag borde utveckla sitt hållbarhetsarbete för att bli eller fortsätta att vara konkurrenskraftiga. Konsumtionen av livsmedel står för 25 % av hushållens klimatpåverkan. Inom dagligvaruindustrin finns därmed en stor potential för förbättring. För ett utvecklat hållbarhetsarbete krävs innovativa lösningar. Design som process har visat sig kunnabidra med detta. Dock har studier visat på att trots att företag värderar design högt så implementeras det inte i samma utsträckning. Potentialen som design innehar riskerar därmed att gå förlorad av aktörerna på marknaden. Uppsatsen ämnar till att undersöka vilka faktorer som är viktiga för att design skall implementeras för att utveckla hållbara produkter inom dagligvaruindustrin. Studien är en multipel fallstudie med en kvalitativ ansats. Tre intervjuer har genomförts med europeiska företag som verkar på den svenska dagligvaru- och livsmedelsmarknaden. Studien visade på vikten av att företag genomsyras av hållbarhet och har en hög förståelse fördesign. Det är av vikt att såväl design som hållbarhet implementeras i början av produktutvecklingsprocessen som även kallas för Front-End.Sustainability is increasingly valued by consumers and more companies are expanding the incorporation of sustainability in their work. This means companies should develop the incorporation of sustainability in their work to stay or become competitive on the market. The consuming of groceries accounts for 25 % of the households climate influence. Within the fast moving consumer goods industry there is therefore a potential of improvement. To develop the incorporation of sustainability in a company requires innovative solutions. Design as a process has been able to contribute with exactly this. Although, studies have shown that even though companies value design highly it is not implemented to the same extent. The potential that design possesses is therefore at risk of being lost by the actors of the market. The thesis intends to explore which factors that are important for design to be implemented to develop sustainable products in the fast moving consumer goods industry. The study is a multiple case study with a qualitative approach. Three interviews have beenmade with european companies that are active on the swedish fast moving consumer goodsindustry market. The study showed that it is of importance for a company to be permeated by sustainability andto have a high understanding of design. Furthermore, it is of importance that design as well assustainability is implemented in the beginning of the product development process that is also known as Front-End.
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Siegfried, Andreas. "Status und Trends der Einbindung externer Partner in den Innovationsprozess Eine Analyse im Fast-Moving-Consumer-Goods Non-Food Bereich /." St. Gallen, 2007. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/04605382001/$FILE/04605382001.pdf.
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Michels, Trudie. "The 'good oil' the role olive oil plays in the lives of Western Australian consumers /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2006.0053.html.
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Silva, Ivan de Oliveira. "Indústria cultural neopentecostal: uma reflexão do neopentecostalismo a partir de Adorno e Horkheimer." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2010. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/2378.
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Previous issue date: 2010-08-19This thesis analyzes the neopentecostalism from the thought of frankfurtians Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer. After the exposure settings of Instrumental Reason and Cultural Industry, it aimed to show the conception of a Neopentecostal Cultural Industry in Brazilian religious. Facing the freedom and religious competition, Neopentecostal Cultural Industry enable itself as a tool intended for to awake in the masses will for acquisition of religious assets. In this way, demonstrated that people, who previously listed as audience, are provoked to live in constantly in function of consumption religious goods offered for Neopentecostal Cultural Industry. Finally, analyzed the manifestation of the Neopentecostal Cultural Industry in the religious space and time, thereby encouraging the supply and the demand for religious goods.
O presente trabalho analisa o neopentecostalismo a partir do pensamento dos frankfurtianos Theodor W. Adorno e Max Horkheimer. Após a exposição das definições de Razão Instrumental e de Indústria Cultural, procurou-se demonstrar a concepção de uma Indústria Cultural Neopentecostal no campo religioso brasileiro. Diante da liberdade e da concorrência religiosas, a Indústria Cultural Neopentecostal habilita-se como um instrumento destinado a despertar nas massas o desejo de aquisição de bens religiosos. Neste sentido, demonstrou-se que as pessoas, que previamente classificadas como público-alvo, são instigadas a viverem constantemente em função do consumo de bens religiosos oferecidos pela Indústria Cultural Neopentecostal. Por fim, analisou-se a manifestação da Indústria Cultural Neopentecostal no espaço e tempo religiosos, de modo a instigar a oferta e a procura de bens religiosos.
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Saleh, Salah. "La compréhension du comportement du consommateur des objets de luxe : le cas du consommateur libanais de la classe moyenne supérieure." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB172.
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Le travail présenté ici se veut être une analyse du comportement d'un consommateur bien précis : l'acheteur de produits de luxe, issu de la classe moyenne supérieure libanaise. En nous basant sur ses pratiques mais aussi ses contraintes face à l'acte d'achat, nous tenterons de dresser la liste des facteurs sociaux qui régissent ses actions face aux produits de luxe. Quels sont les interdits ? Qu'est ce qui, au contraire, le pousse à acheter ce type de marchandises ? Cette étude veut comprendre le comportement des acheteurs dans un espace précis - le Liban - qui se révèle instable tant sur le plan géopolitique, social qu'économique. Après de nombreuses guerres civiles et des tensions permanentes entre religions, le pays se trouve face à une problématique délicate. Ainsi, par exemple, un consommateur qui va dans une boutique appartenant à un groupe religieux différent du sien sera considéré comme un traître par son propre groupe. Les conflits religieux et la montée des extrémismes est au cœur de cette problématique. Les groupes extrémistes font appel à leurs fidèles pour boycotter les produits provenant de nombreux pays européens. Le consommateur, quant à lui, se trouve au cœur de tensions issues de plusieurs contraintes. Cela fait aujourd'hui plus d'un an que le Liban se trouve sans président. Les partis politiques, tout comme les milices, sont à la tête d'un système politique privilégiant le clientélisme. Ce système s'est installé suite à la disparition du pouvoir de l'État et met en avant l'échange de produits de luxe contre des services en tout genre et une amélioration du statut social. Notre travail veut montrer comment ces « cadeaux » en général et principalement les produits de luxe ont participé à la cohésion et à la mise en place d'une identité d'un groupe spécifique de Libanais. Chaque individu essaye de construire - ou reconstruire - son identité sociale, essaye également de sécuriser cette identité dans un environnement totalement instable comme c'est le cas dans ce pays sans gouvernement et parlement légaux, et qui ne peuvent plus garantir cette stabilité. L'acteur social tente de trouver de nouvelles stratégies afin de s'assurer une certaine paix au quotidien. Les individus du milieu social concerné se sentent menacés par leur propre environnement mais aussi par les autres environnements socio-religieuses : Maronites, les Chiites, les Sunnites, etc. Ils ont peur pour leurs enfants, leurs proches mais aussi leurs biens : commerces, logements ... Ils doivent donc trouver une manière de s'assurer une certaine sécurité face aux différentes menaces. C'est dans ce cadre que les cadeaux de luxe interviennent et réduisent l'incertitude à la fois face à l'insécurité et aux différentes menacesThis study explores and analyses the factors involved in the act of consumption of luxury goods of the upper middle-class consumers through a case study on Lebanon. Based on the consumer's behaviour as well as the economic and social constraints he faces, we will try to define the social determinants of luxury goods consumption. What are the banners? What are the factors pushing the upper-middle class to buy such goods? This study aims to understand the behavior of buyers in a specific area - Lebanon - which is geopolitically, economically and socially unstable. After many civil wars and constant tensions between different religious groups, the country is facing a delicate problem. For example, due to social pressure executed by the society of his religious group, the consumer finds himself obligated to buy from shops owned by people of his religious group. If not, he will be considered as a traitor. Religious conflicts and the rise of extremism are at the heart of this problem. Extremist groups call on their followers to boycott products from many European countries. Consumers, meanwhile, are at the heart of tensions from several constraints It has been for more than a year now that Lebanon is without a president. Political parties, like the militias, are at the head of the political system that favors cronyism. This system was installed due to the disappearance of the state power and highlights the role of luxury goods as "gifts" in exchange of all kinds of services and improved social status. The objective of this study is to show how these "gifts" in general, and mainly luxury goods, were involved in the cohesion and the establishment of an identity of a specific group of the Lebanese population. Each individual trying to build - or rebuild - their social identity, is also trying to secure this identity in a totally unstable environment, especially when the legal government and the parliament are unable to guarantee this stability. Therefore, the social actor is trying to find new strategies to ensure some peace everyday. Individuals of a certain social environment feel threatened by their environment but also by other socio-religious environments: Maronites, Shiites, Sunnis, etc. They are afraid for their children, their relatives but also their material properties: retail, housing ... They must find a way to provide certainty about the various threats. It is in this context that luxury gifts intervene and reduce uncertainty both to insecurity and the various threats
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Safronov, Vadym. "Trade marketing analytics in consumer goods industry." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/22002.
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Project Work presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Information Management, specialization in Information Systems and Technologies ManagementWe address transparency of trade spends in consumer goods industry and propose a set of business performance indicators that follow Pareto (80/20) rule – a popular concept in optimization problem solving. Discovery of power laws in behaviors of travelling sales persons, buying patterns of customers, popularity of products, and market demand fluctuations – all that leads to better-informed decisions among all those involved into planning, execution, and post-promotion evaluation. Practical result of our work is a prototype implementation of proposed measures. The most remarkable finding – consistency of travelling sales person journey between customer locations. Loyalty to brand, or brand market power – whatever forces field sales representatives to put at least one product of market player of interest into nearly every market basket – fits into small world model. This behavior not only changes from person to person, but also remains the same after reassignment into different territory. For industrialization stage of this project, we outline key design considerations for information system capable of handling real-time workload scalable to petabytes. We built our analyses for collaborative processes of integrated planning that requires joint effort of multidisciplinary team. Field tests demonstrate how insights from data can trigger business transformation. That is why we end up with recommendation for system integrators to include Knowledge Discovery into information system deployment projects.
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Huber, Markus. "Social Media Marketing in Fast Moving Consumer Goods Industry." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-179571.
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The aim of this master thesis is to analyze the social media engagement of the FMCGs (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) in Austria. The used methodologies are literature studies, Internet searches as well as internal data evaluations of the FMCG clients of a marketing agency. The thesis analyses selected key success factors on Social Media focusing on facebook, evaluates their development in the monitored period, and recommends main possibilities of future measures aiming on reaching an improvement of key indicators.
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Wang, Chin-Lien, and 王金鍊. "A Knowledge Guided Adaptive GA based Forecasting Model in Consumer Packaged Goods Industry." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43069710441006680829.
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博士東海大學
工業工程與經營資訊學系
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Due to severe competition, price discount and non-price promotion campaigns are very commonly used by consumer packaged goods (CPG) manufacturer to retain competitiveness. However, dramatic change in sales volume in promotion session and sparse observations like specific promotion and lunar holidays’ sales in the dataset make statistical models struggle, even though in general the latter are more reliable in forecasting performance, most of them can’t use contextual information which is exploited in judgmental forecasting, a very common practice in CPG industry, however, the latter is subject to various kinds of biases and inconsistency. Decomposition regression seems to be the natural option to integrate both methods in that it can incorporate contextual factors like promotion effects and holiday effects into the model, by “divide and conquer” it is capable of alleviating the information processing overload of forecasters. However, because these contextual factors usually are special events, related historical data are sporadic and don’t have substantial variations, causing collinearity to arise, it becomes difficult for least square estimators to have a proper estimation against parameters. In this thesis, a domain knowledge guided genetic algorithm (KGAGA) in the first stage is employed to address this issue by using MAPE as fitness function, instead of more commonly used MSE, to evaluate each candidate solution and alleviate the impact of square operations of outliers. Besides, a set of parameter constraints are set up based on contextual knowledge to ensure these parameters derived are truly meaningful and reflective to the real world. In particular, a detect and escape mutation algorithm (DEMA) is employed to detect any local pitfall (suboptimum) with a simple moving average metric, thereafter a loop of combination of broad search with ratio and deep search mutation operators to dramatically increase population diversity until the pitfall has been escaped. The crossover operator in which each parent to mate is selected randomly from a different group of different fitness may partially solve the dilemma of selection of fittest which is the ultimate cause of premature convergence. KGAGA competes favorably with ordinary GA (OGA) in efficiency and significantly outperforms the latter in effectiveness with its multiple-reconverging capability. In case there are anticipated variations in the forecasting horizon which can’t be handled by the regression model alone, a mechanical adjusting mechanism, formulated in a set of supplemental equations encompassing lunar-new-year seasonal index realignment, proportional adjustment of mixed effect of promotions and holidays at forecasting horizon in the second stage, coupled with the consideration of the weekend effect, can be used to deal with anticipated time shifting problem and reassess mixed effect of these contextual factors consistently and effectively without subjective judgments in judgmental adjustment to avoid possible bias and inconsistency therein. Empirical results of a channel retailer of a CPG brand manufacturer in Taiwan reveal that KGAGA can be a better alternative than least square estimators in parameter estimation and multi-period out-of-sample forecasting considering contextual factors. It also beats OGA, ARIMA, exponential smoothing, and NAÏVE model in multi-step out-of-sample forecasting. Besides, the proposed mechanical adjustment mechanism could significantly reduce MAPE of weekly forecasts across seasons with improvement mainly coming from large size combined adjustments.
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Viard, Victor Brian. "Two essays : "Trading-up" and "trading-in" durable goods ; Version and competitive upgrades in the software industry /." 2000. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9978083.
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Pan, Chia-An, and 潘家安. "An Analysis of Key Factors of Channel Performance evaluation in Fast Moving Consumer Goods Industry." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50275368024849586867.
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碩士國立臺北大學
企業管理學系
99
The major purpose of the study is focus on how suppliers of Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) allocate limited marketing resources in various effective channels via evaluating each channel performance, then to increase marketing share, profitability and influence on consumer. This research has been prepared through literature review and in-depth interview. Four major evaluation dimensions were identified along with sixteen subordinate evaluation dimensions to construct the hierarchy of “Key Factors of Channel Performance Evaluation in FMCG industry”. Questionnaires designed around the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) were distributed to management level of FMCG industry as research subjects. 26 questionnaires were distributed to sales department, marketing department and administration department, 22 valid questionnaires were returned (response rate 85%). The findings discovered that major evaluation dimensions in descending order of importance are: “Efficiency” and “Effectiveness” are equally important, followed by “Adaptability” and “Degree of Relationship”. The top 8 important criteria of the 16 subordinate evaluation dimensions by weighted importance are: “Channel Market Share”, “Return on Investment”, “Execution on activity”, “Sales Revenue”, “Store Number/Distribution Status”, “Ability of Inventory Management”, “Consumer Satisfaction with Distributors” and “Financial Soundness”.
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Kuo, Hsin-Yi, and 郭馨憶. "The Study of Store Ambient and Consumer Behavior-A Case Study of Luxury Goods Industry." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62325395343544448374.
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碩士淡江大學
國際企業學系碩士班
99
Since year 2000, there has been a rise in the industry of luxury goods. Even with the financial tsunami from the global financial crisis, the industry remained profitable and has outperformed the other industries. Over the last few years, the domestic market has seen a great increase in the numbers of luxury department store. It has attracted numerous global luxury brands to set up branches and retail stores in the domestic market. It is without a doubt that the domestic buying power in the luxury-goods industry is strong. For the luxury goods retailer, how to create a customer satisfied store atmosphere and at the same time providing a fine purchasing environment is the key to differentiate itself from its peers and to increase its brand competitiveness. Therefore, the research of this thesis targets on the store atmospheric factors of visionary and audio using lighting, background music and apparel of the store attendant as the variable and investigate how luxury retailers should create the store environment to attract more customers with the increase of spending in both time and buying product in the store. The research is based on domestic luxury department store or business district, investigating with the use of survey paper focusing on female consumers that has shopped at luxury retail store. Sampling method was based on convenience sampling, adopting descriptive statistics analysis, group mean analysis and chi-square analysis. The results were verified with the software package SPSS12.0 Chinese edition. Research conclusion: 1.Store environment allows the customer under the condition unconsciously create positive emotions. Where positive emotion prompts the consumer interested with surrounding objects and products. 2.The apparel of the store attendee can affect customer emotion and their impression on the store environment. 3.External factors can affect the customer’s emotion and feeling and is reflected on consuming behavior. 4.Enjoyable and exiting emotions can increase the customer’s consuming willingness and increase browsing time and spending amount.