Academic literature on the topic 'Consumer goods – Prices'

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Journal articles on the topic "Consumer goods – Prices"

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Baker, Andy, and Stefan Wojcik. "Does democratization lower consumer prices? Regime type, prices, and the consumer–producer tradeoff." International Political Science Review 40, no. 2 (2017): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192512117731264.

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The booming literature on the consequences of democratization for material welfare has produced no findings on the relationship between regime type and relative consumer prices. The literature largely shows that democracies favor masses over elites, generating the expectation that democratization should lower consumer prices. Yet it also finds that democratization boosts economic growth, an outcome that is partially contingent on making consumer goods expensive relative to capital goods. We argue that democratization lowers relative consumer prices since politicians under democracy can more ef
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Damayanti, Failla Rhomtika, Jangkung Handoyo Mulyo, and Any Suryantini. "THE CONSUMPTION OF ORGANIC RICE IN THE HOUSEHOLD LEVEL AT SLEMAN REGENCY." Agro Ekonomi 24, no. 2 (2013): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/agroekonomi.17204.

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The purpose of this study: 1) how does the organic rice consumer behavior at the houshehold level in Sleman Regency? 2) How do the characteristic of consumed organic rice? 3) ehat are the factors that influence the amount of organic rice consumption at the household level in SLeman Regency?The respondents were households that consume organic rice and live in Sleman Regency. In order to know organic rice consumer behavior, the variable that observed include. The decision makers, the main reason, place of purchase, intencity, amount, and the percentage of organic rice consumption. The characteri
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Udegbe, Scholastica Ebarefimia, and Azeez Adekunle Aliu. "Social Medial Promotional Activities Influence on Purchase Choice Decision and Price of Perishable Food Items during COVID-19 in Lagos, Nigeria." European Journal of Business and Management Research 6, no. 4 (2021): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.4.981.

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This study aimed to research if promotional activities on social media influence purchase choice decisions, consumers impulse buying, the price for perishable food items, like vegetables, fruits, beef, fish, and others during the COVID-19 pandemics. Likewise, if there are differences between the original market price of goods before the COVID-19 pandemic and the promotional online prices during the pandemic, to investigate if the online price of delivering goods to consumer homes influence consumer quantity purchase decision, and if there is any relationship between consumer location and price
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Wijayanti, Winda. "MEREFLEKSIKAN KEADILAN BAGI KONSUMEN TERKAIT KEPATUTAN PROMOSI TRANSAKSI NON-TUNAI." Arena Hukum 13, no. 3 (2020): 434–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2020.01303.3.

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Although Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection has been enforced for 20 years, there are regulations to protect consumer, and submissions to the Constitutional Court 3 times, the material of Consumer Protection Law has never been canceled and changed. This normative juridical study aims to analyze whether or not the Consumer Protection Lawneeds to be amended to fulfill the legal necessities of the community. Merchant (bank) with the Central Bank of Indonesia policy compete to provide the best promotions so that customers are interested. The selection pay with electronic money causes the
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Wijayanti, Winda. "MEREFLEKSIKAN KEADILAN BAGI KONSUMEN TERKAIT KEPATUTAN PROMOSI TRANSAKSI NON-TUNAI." Arena Hukum 13, no. 3 (2020): 434–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2020.01303.3.

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Although Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection has been enforced for 20 years, there are regulations to protect consumer, and submissions to the Constitutional Court 3 times, the material of Consumer Protection Law has never been canceled and changed. This normative juridical study aims to analyze whether or not the Consumer Protection Lawneeds to be amended to fulfill the legal necessities of the community. Merchant (bank) with the Central Bank of Indonesia policy compete to provide the best promotions so that customers are interested. The selection pay with electronic money causes the
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Nunes, Paulo. "Pricing strategy in the context of durable goods monopoly with discrete demand." Ekonomski anali 60, no. 204 (2015): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka1504061n.

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Considering a model of discrete demand with two consumers, this article shows that irrespective of the difference between the willingness to pay of consumers with high and low incomes, if interest rates are low, a durable goods monopolist has an advantage in discriminating prices over time. If the difference in willingness to pay is limited and interest rates high, the monopolist has an advantage in setting a price equal to the low-income consumer?s willingness to pay. Finally, in the case of great difference in willingness to pay and high interest rates, the monopolist has an advantage in set
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Wulandari, Sari, and Muhammad Dani Habra. "Analisis Perkembangan Indeks Harga Konsumen di Kota Medan." Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING) 3, no. 2 (2020): 412–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/costing.v3i2.1162.

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The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is one of the important economic indicators that can provide information about the development of prices of goods and services (commodities) paid by consumers or the public especially the city community. This study aims to analyze the Development of the Consumer Price Index in Medan City. The benefits of this research are a description of the fluctuations in commodity prices for basic needs of the community at the level of consumers or retail traders. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The subject in this study is the Central Statistics Agency and
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Auer, Raphael, Ariel Burstein, and Sarah M. Lein. "Exchange Rates and Prices: Evidence from the 2015 Swiss Franc Appreciation." American Economic Review 111, no. 2 (2021): 652–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20181415.

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We dissect the impact of a large and sudden exchange rate appreciation on Swiss border import prices, retail prices, and consumer expenditures on domestic and imported nondurable goods, following the removal of the EUR/CHF floor in January 2015. Cross-sectional variation in border price changes by currency of invoicing carries over to consumer prices and allocations, impacting retail prices of imports and competing domestic goods, as well as import expenditures. We provide measures of the sensitivity of retail import prices to border prices and the sensitivity of import shares to relative pric
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Shearmur, Jeremy. "Consumer Sovereignty, Prices and Preferences for Higher-order Goods." Political Studies 39, no. 4 (1991): 661–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.1991.tb01394.x.

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This paper considers two arguments for markets: prices, within them, allow us to coordinate our activities in situations of dispersed knowledge and ignorance, and markets foster consumer sovereignty. It suggests that these – telling – arguments stand in need of qualification, in the light of consumers' preferences for ‘higher-order’ goods, which may be difficult to exhibit through choices in the market-place. It suggests that such preferences are not easily handled by political means, either – and that we may here face an uneliminable imperfection in our social arrangements. It may be importan
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SHAHBAZ, MUHAMMAD, ABU N. M. WAHID, and ADNAN HAIDER. "EMPIRICAL PSYCHOLOGY BETWEEN WHOLESALE PRICE AND CONSUMER PRICE INDICES: THE CASE OF PAKISTAN." Singapore Economic Review 55, no. 03 (2010): 537–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590810003882.

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In a small open economy, the retail sector adds value with a lag to existing production and uses existing domestic production as an input. Therefore, demand side dynamics depend on the wholesale prices of the domestic goods, the prices of the imported goods, the nominal exchange rate, the level of indirect taxes, the marginal cost of retail production and interest rates. Hence, this mechanism provides a theoretical basis for causality from wholesale prices to consumer prices. Being motivated by this causal transmission mechanism, this paper tries to examine the causal relationship between whol
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Consumer goods – Prices"

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Pamuk, Haki. "The Impact Of Modern Retailing On The Prices Of Fast Moving Consumer Goods: Evidence From Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610043/index.pdf.

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In Turkey, the retailing sector is in a modernization process with the increase in the market share of supermarkets since 1990s. This process has important implications on general economy with changing consumption characteristics. This thesis analyzes the impact of increasing market share of supermarkets on the prices of fast moving consumer goods in traditional retailers. By means of a household panel, a panel data econometric approach is used for assessing the impacts of different supermarket formats between 2002 and 2006 in 12 sectors. The results indicates that increasing market share supe
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Davidson, Catrin, and Abeysekera Denum Nimanthi. "The good and the gratis : A value aspect on free goods and services." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-66352.

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Thanks to the Internet, the consumers have access to a world of information and can easily compare the goods and services of one supplier to the other, and so be a part of the value creating process. Price is still key, but since producers are already pushing their costs to the limit, what Chris Anderson calls the “race to the bottom” they have to compete in other manners, meaning they have to dive deeper than lowest of prices. However these free goods and services must have a value even though they do not have a price tag attached. The respondents found two types of value, social/collective v
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Zhang, Jiaxin. "Factors affecting Chinese consumers buying luxury goods overseas." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för nationalekonomi och statistik (NS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-85416.

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Since the improved people’s living standard, luxury buying has increasingly spread in popularity, especially in developing countries. Conspicuous consumption has resulted in this luxury buying among consumers. This mentality leads to consumers to achieve their own goal through luxury goods, such as reflecting their status, showing the uniqueness and so on. In order to buy their favorite luxury goods, consumers try different channels and overseas buying is the main channel for them. Under this situation, China as the second-biggest luxury market, the demand for overseas luxury among Chinese con
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Buchwitz, Benjamin [Verfasser], Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Küsters, and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Setzer. "Forecasting price decline events for consumer goods [cumulative dissertation] / Benjamin Buchwitz ; Ulrich Küsters, Thomas Setzer." Eichstätt-Ingolstadt : Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1200020251/34.

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Sabbir, S. M., and Tadele Worku Birmeji. "A Comparative Study between Price and Non-Price Sales Promotional Strategy in the Introduction Stage of Consumer Products." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-35124.

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<p>Either it is because of some significant active trends in the business world, or the attractive cut of cost and increase in profit, companies now days are focusing on sales promotion activities. But in reality, most of companies that are introducing new products are not getting what they intend to get. They are facing loses. One of the reasons is lack of understanding which specific sales promotion is preferable at that stage.</p><p>As the authors described on the background of the study, a lot of studies have been done to indicate preferable sales promotional tools for consumer’s goods. Ev
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Gesick, Jeffrey Glen. "The Effects of Price and Durability on Individual Discounting Functions When Purchasing Hypothetical Goods in a Simulated Internet Store." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc149593/.

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Online shopping has rapidly expanded in the last decade. Online shopping necessarily imposes delays on all transactions. Behavior analysis has long studied the effects of delay on choice. Additionally, a number of researchers are beginning to study consumer behavior using a behavior-analytic approach. The current study attempted to extend research focusing on consumer behavior in online contexts. The experimenters attempted to evaluate whether goods acquire functional properties and whether these properties influence consumer choice. The researchers were specifically interested in studyi
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Zhang, Congwen. "Essays on the Use of Hedonic Price Models to Measure Welfare for Quality Changes in the Public Goods." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37788.

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This dissertation consists of three essays on Hedonic price method which is widely used in non-market good evaluation. The first chapter outlines three topics involved and briefly discusses the motivations and methods, as well we some conclusions in each of the following chapters. Chapter 2 uses a conventional first stage hedonic price method to estimate the effect of an aquatic invasive species (Eurasian watermilfoil) on lakefront property values at selected Vermont lakes. Results indicate that as the primary component of total aquatic macrophyte growth in a lake Eurasian watermilfoil signi
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Silva, Leticia Klotz. "The impact of price expectations on consumer's behavior in frequently purchased goods markets: empirical evidence and implications." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/11789.

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Submitted by Leticia Klotz Silva (leticia.klotz@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-05-22T20:03:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao.pdf: 954000 bytes, checksum: e6f9ad03459719a76f932ca5a316ec2b (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2014-05-26T15:09:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao.pdf: 954000 bytes, checksum: e6f9ad03459719a76f932ca5a316ec2b (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2014-05-28T17:18:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao.pdf: 954000 bytes, checksum: e6f9ad03459719a76f932ca5
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Lu, Yang, and Yue Yuan. "To Buy or Not to Buy? : A Study on the Price Discount on Luxury Goods, Chinese Consumers’ Luxury Perception, and Purchasing Behavior." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-357955.

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As the Chinese luxury market has become one of the biggest in the world, this thesis seeks to investigate the relationship between the luxury perception of Chinese consumers and their willingness to buy under the price reduction. Drawing from Wiedmann’s concepts of luxury values, we propose a framework to measure the luxury value perception of Chinese consumers through the functional, individual, and social dimensions.   We conduct a quantitative research and collect 315 valid questionnaires from Chinese luxury consumers. In questionnaires, we ask them to rate the perception of luxury goods an
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Vrbová, Jana. "Tvorba a řízení hodnoty v obchodních řetězcích." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-163052.

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Thesis ?Value generation and management in retail/whole chains? was started with intention to offer enhanced theoretical basis for research in this area, that is still represented insufficiently in comparison to importance of retail/whole chains in whole economy. Additionally the practical inconsistency between trading rules demostrated to customers and trading partners of chains (including visible behaviour of chains) and value driving variables bears interest. The thesis targets following: search and indication of potential value drivers (value affecting variables) of retail/wholesale chains
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Books on the topic "Consumer goods – Prices"

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Barsky, Robert. Do flexible durable goods prices undermine sticky price models? National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.

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The measurement of durable goods prices. University of Chicago Press, 1990.

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Hampton, Tim. How much do import price shocks matter for consumer prices? Reserve Bank of New Zealand, 2001.

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Gierl, Heribert. Eine Erklärung der Preislagenwahl bei Konsumgütern. Duncker & Humblot, 1992.

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Gangata, Harlod. Sadgjuiyutrge Consumers Association of Malawi: An index to articles on consumer products' prices and price hikes in Malawi, 1997-2000. s.n., 2000.

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Bacchetta, Philippe. Why do consumer prices react less than import prices to exchange rates? National Bureau of Economic Research, 2002.

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Vikhlyaev, A. A. Roznichnye tseny. Finansy i statistika, 1990.

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Vikhli͡aev, A. A. Roznichnye t͡seny. "Finansy i statistika", 1990.

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Bonfrer, Andre. Anomalies in estimates of cross-price elasticities for marketing mix models: Theory and empirical test. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.

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Odyniec, Włodzimierz. Rynok, spros, t︠s︡eny: Stratifikat︠s︡ii︠a︡, analiz, prognoz. Izd-vo Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta, ėkonomiki i finansov, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Consumer goods – Prices"

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Hill, Berkeley. "Demand and supply: the price mechanism in a market economy." In An introduction to economics: concepts for students of agriculture and the rural sector, 5th ed. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800620063.0003.

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Abstract This chapter discusses the theories of demand and supply, including the factors affecting the demand for commodities (the price of the commodity itself, the incomes of consumers, the price of competitive (or substitute) goods, the price of complementary goods, and the tastes of consumers) as well as the factors affecting supply (the price of the good, the prices of other goods that firms could produce or do produce, the prices of factors of production, the state of technology, and the goals/objectives of firms). The significance of the price and income elasticities of demand to the agricultural sector is highlighted.
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Simon, Hermann, and Martin Fassnacht. "Price Management for Consumer Goods." In Price Management. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99456-7_10.

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Hutchens, Stephen P., and Jon M. Hawes. "The Salience of Low Price in the Marketing of Remanufactured Consumer Durable Goods." In Proceedings of the 1982 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16946-0_19.

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Caplliure, Eva María, Rafael Curras-Pérez, Maria José Miquel, and Carmen Perez-Cabañero. "Attitude, Quality and Satisfaction Toward Distributor Brands in Durable Goods: The Influence of Consumers’ Price Consciousness." In Advances in National Brand and Private Label Marketing. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20182-5_18.

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Moosmayer, Dirk C. "Does Being Good Pay Off? An Investigation of Consumers’ Price Response to Social Product Information." In Pricing Perspectives. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230594890_3.

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Florio, Massimo. "Large-Scale Investment in Science: Economic Impact and Social Justice." In The Economics of Big Science. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52391-6_15.

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Abstract Science is not a free lunch. Worldwide, R&amp;D expenditures per year, from basic research to product development by firms, are about USD1.7 trillion (according to UNESCO estimates for 2017). There are perhaps 7.8 million professional researchers globally, around one researcher out of one thousand inhabitants of the planet. In the OECD area, which includes the most developed economies, government R&amp;D spending is worth about USD 315 billion per year and the share of government of the total R&amp;D expenditures is 28%. Hence, citizens support research in two ways: firstly, as consumers by paying a price for goods and services which in turn include in their production costs such expenditures; secondly, by paying taxes which support government R&amp;D expenditures, mostly for basic science. In this short essay, I discuss two questions: What is the economic impact of basic research? What are the implications for social justice of the interplay between -on one side- government funded science and -on the other side- R&amp;D supported by business? I will argue that the ultimate economic impact of large-scale investment in basic research is often (but not always) positive (i.e. benefits are greater than costs). There is, however, a potential concern for social justice arising from the private appropriation by business of rents arising from knowledge as a public good.
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Jung, Sojin, Hyeon Jeong Cho, and Byoungho Ellie Jin. "Is Transparent Cost Always Good? Different Effects of Cost Transparency on Consumer Perceptions by Retail Price and Product Type: An Abstract." In Enlightened Marketing in Challenging Times. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42545-6_117.

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Faulds, David J., James L. Schmidhammer, and Orlen C. Grunewald. "An Empirical Analysis of Brand Label, Unit Price, and Package Size as Determinants of Product Value For Frequently Purchased Consumer Packaged Goods: Preliminary Results." In Proceedings of the 1989 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17055-8_95.

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Kreps, David M. "Pure exchange and general equilibrium." In A Course in Microeconomic Theory. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691202754.003.0006.

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This chapter focuses on situations of pure exchange, where consumers wish to exchange bundles of goods they hold at the outset for other bundles they will subsequently consume. It uses this setting to introduce the theory of price-mediated market transactions and, more particularly, the theory of general equilibrium, in which all markets in all goods are considered simultaneously. Following in the footsteps of generations of classical microeconomists, the chapter makes the assertion that in many situations of pure exchange, the consumer will wind up at the consumption allocation part of some Walrasian equilibrium for the economy, and insofar as there are markets in these goods, prices will correspond to equilibrium prices. One thing that the concept of a Walrasian equilibrium does not provide is any sense of how market operates. There is no model here of who sets prices, or what gets exchanged for what, when, and where.
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Bradley, Ralph, and Brett Matsumoto. "Measuring prices and real household consumption of medical goods." In Handbook of US Consumer Economics. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-813524-2.00013-5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Consumer goods – Prices"

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Nurfadillah, Mursidah, and Ermi Utami. "The Comparative Analysis of Financial Performance and Its Effect on Stock Prices of Banking and Consumer Goods Companies." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Business, Accounting and Economics, ICBAE 2020, 5 - 6 August 2020, Purwokerto, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.5-8-2020.2301188.

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Fitriyana, Rahma Firsty, Brady Rikumahu, Sri Widiyanesti, and Andry Alamsyah. "Principal Component Analysis to Determine Main Factors Stock Price of Consumer Goods Industry." In 2020 International Conference on Data Science and Its Applications (ICoDSA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icodsa50139.2020.9212845.

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Suvachart, Noppamash. "AN EXPLORATORY STUDY INTO CONSUMERS’ PERSPECTIVE FOR ESTABLISHING PRICE STRATEGIES THAT MAINTAINING CONSUMERS' GOOD WILL." In 12th Economics & Finance Conference, Dubrovnik. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/efc.2019.012.024.

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Zhao, Yong, Jianzhong Cha, and Junfeng Zhang. "Fuzzy Reform and Optimization of Design Task in Concurrent Engineering." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/dac-21158.

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Abstract With the increasing of global market competition and dynamic change of market environment, consumer needs are more personal and diversified, enterprise production is more flexible. At present, the production cycle period of traditional manufacturing industry is long, delivering goods is not in time, product quality is not good and resource are not used in reason. Because of the phenomena, products are not met the requirements of market and lack of market competition ability. For changing the situation, the development direction is building concurrent agility dynamic alliance of produc
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Takbiradzani, K., and Z. Rustam. "Forecasting the direction of Indonesia’s consumer goods sector stock price movement using Fuzzy Kernel Robust C-Means." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CURRENT PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES (ISCPMS2018). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5132482.

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Bangun, Nurainun, and Khairina Natsir. "A Study on the Relationship Between Enterprise Risk Management, Free Cash Flow, and Dividend Payout Ratio on Stock Price of Consumer Goods." In International Conference on Economics, Business, Social, and Humanities (ICEBSH 2021). Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210805.174.

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Vitova, Blanka. "OVERSTATING THE REAL (FULL) PRICE OF THE GOODS OR SERVICES AT THE DISCOUNT WEBSITES AS ONE OF THE POTENTIAL THREATS FOR THE CONSUMERS." In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on POLITICAL SCIENCES, LAW, FINANCE, ECONOMICS AND TOURISM. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b21/s5.094.

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Unurlu, Çiğdem, Ayşe Akyol, and Dilek Altaş. "The Relationships between Destination Brand Image, Destination Brand Loyalty and Word of Mouth Behaviour." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00831.

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This article documents a study and model of the destination brand image, destination brand loyalty and word-of-mouth behaviour (WOM). Therefore, the literature review consists of three parts namely destination brand image, destination brand loyalty and word-of-mouth behaviour. Destination brand image can be defined as the reasoned perceptions consumers attach to specific brands. Destination brand loyalty can be defined as the main source of customer-based brand equity. Brand loyalty was defined as the attachment a customer has to a brand. Lassar et. al. noted that brand equity stems from the g
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Gonçalves, Victor H., and João L. G. Rosa. "Forecasting economic time series using chaotic neural networks." In XV Encontro Nacional de Inteligência Artificial e Computacional. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/eniac.2018.4470.

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This paper describes the application of KIII, a biologically more plausible neural network model, for forecasting economic time series. K-sets are connectionist models based on neural populations and have been used in many machine learning applications. In this paper, this method was applied to IPCA, a Brazilian consumer price index surveyed by IBGE. The values ranged from August 1994 to June 2017. Experiments were performed using four non-parametric models and seven parametric methods. The statistical metric RMSE was used to compare methods performance. Freeman KIII sets worked well as a filt
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Ozcan, Arif, Emine Arman Kandirmaz, and Omer Bunyamin Zelzele. "The effect of deinking and binder type on inkjet print quality." In 10th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design,, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2020-p43.

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In the printing industry, as in all other industries, efficient use of resources, sustainable production and economics are among the most important issues. The increasing use and purpose of printed products, the increasing consumer demands and the development of technology also increase the demand for paper products. Paper and cardboard materials in line with the increasing consumer demand to give better printing characteristics are implemented in a number of operations. These processes are sizing, coating, and calendering. The recycling and re-use of paper and cartons that have been treated o
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Reports on the topic "Consumer goods – Prices"

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Argyle, Bronson, Taylor Nadauld, Christopher Palmer, and Ryan Pratt. The Capitalization of Consumer Financing into Durable Goods Prices. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24699.

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Vargas-Herrera, Hernando, Juan Jose Ospina-Tejeiro, Carlos Alfonso Huertas-Campos, et al. Monetary Policy Report - April de 2021. Banco de la República de Colombia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr2-2021.

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1.1 Macroeconomic summary Economic recovery has consistently outperformed the technical staff’s expectations following a steep decline in activity in the second quarter of 2020. At the same time, total and core inflation rates have fallen and remain at low levels, suggesting that a significant element of the reactivation of Colombia’s economy has been related to recovery in potential GDP. This would support the technical staff’s diagnosis of weak aggregate demand and ample excess capacity. The most recently available data on 2020 growth suggests a contraction in economic activity of 6.8%, lowe
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Monetary Policy Report - January 2021. Banco de la República de Colombia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr1.-2021.

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Macroeconomic Summary Overall inflation (1.61%) and core inflation (excluding food and regulated items) (1.11%) both declined beyond the technical staff’s expectations in the fourth quarter of 2020. Year-end 2021 forecasts for both indicators were revised downward to 2.3% and 2.1%, respectively. Market inflation expectations also fell over this period and suggested inflation below the 3% target through the end of this year, rising to the target in 2022. Downward pressure on inflation was more significant in the fourth quarter than previously projected, indicating weak demand. Annual decelerati
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Financial Stability Report - September 2015. Banco de la República, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-estab-fin.sem2.eng-2015.

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From this edition, the Financial Stability Report will have fewer pages with some changes in its structure. The purpose of this change is to present the most relevant facts of the financial system and their implications on the financial stability. This allows displaying the analysis more concisely and clearly, as it will focus on describing the evolution of the variables that have the greatest impact on the performance of the financial system, for estimating then the effect of a possible materialization of these risks on the financial health of the institutions. The changing dynamics of the ri
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