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Prud'hon, Luc, and Tom Donker. "The regeneration of vinyl records." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-19122.
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This thesis analyses the factors influencing the purchase of vinyl records by the members of generation Y in Sweden. Two interviews with local stores owners as well as a survey were perfomed in this regard.
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Coughlin, Claire Delaney. "Body Image, Self-Esteem, and Consumer Need for Uniqueness as Antecedents to Self-Identification as Fashion Opinion Leader vs. Fashion Opinion Seeker." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1259776106.
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Ngamsiriudom, Waros. "Phantom Menace: the Effect of Narcissism on Word-of-mouth Communications." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699949/.
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Previous empirical research and anecdotal accounts suggest that “subclinical narcissism” or “average Joe’s narcissism” is one of the most prevalent social phenomena in many parts of the world. Research also suggests that there will be an unprecedented escalation “in average Joe narcissists” among future generations of consumers. The objective of this study is two-fold. The first objective of this study is to explore the moderating effect of the individual’s level of narcissistic personality on their word-of-mouth (WOM) communications. The second objective of this study is to explore the boundary conditions of the first objective. The data were collected from a large number of consumers through Amazon Mechanical Turk. The results support many of the hypotheses accordant with the characteristics of the subclinical narcissistic individual. Specifically, the moderating effect of an individual’s level of narcissistic personality trait on the decision to engage in different types of WOM communications varies across the tested contexts. This study is intended to respond to social scientists' recent call for studies that investigate the fundamental motives behind the individual’s propensity to engage in WOM communication as a function of individual characteristics. The results of this study provide some prescriptive guidance to help companies target appropriate consumers to increase the effectiveness of WOM communication. In addition, this study explores the effect of individual and contextual differences on consumers’ willingness to engage in different types of WOM communication.
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Gai, Lili. "Dining at Ethnic-themed Restaurants: an Investigation of Consumers' Ethnic Experiences, Preference Formation, and Patronage." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699898/.
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Given unprecedented shifts in the U.S. demography marked by rapid growth in Hispanic, Asian and other ethnic market segments, marketing scholars and practitioners are confronting ways to cultivate ethnic consumers' brand preference formation, retail patronage and their ensuring consumption choices. Food is cited as a common signifier for consumers’ ethnic/cultural identity because food itself is a cultural symbol. However, little research has examined the influences of ethnic identities on consumers’ patronage behaviors of ethnic-themed restaurants. Thus, this dissertation critically explores the impact of ethnic identity and motivational factors to better understand consumers' choices of ethnic-themed restaurants with a mix-method approach. The present research investigates how ethnic identity and consumers’ need for uniqueness interplay with perceived authenticity in consumers’ patronage intention of ethnic-themed restaurants. The findings advocate the interplay among ethnic identity, consumers’ need for uniqueness, and perceived authenticity of general consumers in decision making choices of patronizing ethnic-themed restaurants. The findings have important implications for market segmentation guiding the owners of ethnic-themed restaurant the choice of environmental cues to encourage patronage intentions among general consumers. Furthermore, this study provides additional insights about motivating factors affecting decision making of patronizing ethnic-themed restaurants and contributes to the stream of research by enhancing understanding of marketing ethnic-themed restaurant in a multi-cultural society.
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Andrade, Marta Fernandes Pereira. "Produtos retro : atitudes dos consumidores portugueses." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13152.
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Mestrado em MarketingA expressão retro tem ganho uma importância cada vez maior ao longo dos anos, despertando curiosidade um pouco por todos os mercados. O que significa que diversos produtos, serviços e marcas que eram utilizados no passado estão a regressar ao presente com alguma força. Esta investigação tem como objetivo entender as atitudes face aos produtos retro numa amostra de consumidores portugueses, isto é, averiguar qual a influência que a nostalgia, o colecionismo, a experiência com o passado, o interesse para com o passado, o materialismo, a procura da novidade e a necessidade de se sentirem únicos exercem sobre as atitudes de um grupo de consumidores portugueses ao adquirirem estes bens. De modo a alcançar este objetivo foi realizada uma pesquisa de natureza descritiva, utilizando-se um método quantitativo, neste caso, o inquérito por questionário como forma de recolha de dados, no qual as questões fundamentais foram elaboradas tendo em consideração escalas desenvolvidas anteriormente por alguns autores. Este inquérito por questionário foi divulgado online, registando como amostra 320 consumidores portugueses. Constatou-se assim, que tanto a nostalgia como o colecionismo e a experiência que estes consumidores tiveram no passado influenciam positivamente as suas atitudes para adquirirem produtos retro no presente. A variável materialismo não apresentou fiabilidade, enquanto que, as restantes variáveis (interesse para com o passado, procura da novidade e necessidade de se sentirem únicos) não apresentaram significado estatístico, o que significa que não influenciam as atitudes dos consumidores portugueses (presentes nesta amostra) face aos produtos retro.
The retro expression has gained increasing importance over the years, arousing curiosity a little in all markets and in people of all ages. This means that many products, services and brands that were used in the past are returning with some force. This research aims to understand the attitudes towards retro products in a sample of portuguese consumers, that is, finding out what influence the nostalgia, antiquarianism, experience with the past, interest in the past, materialism, consumer novelty seeking and need for uniqueness have on the attitudes of a group of portuguese consumers to purchase these goods. In order to achieve this objective it was conducted a descriptive study, using a quantitative method, in this case the survey as means of data collection, in wich the key questions have been prepared taking into account previously developed scales from some authors. This survey was published online by registering as a sample 320 portuguese consumers. It was found that both nostalgia and antiquarianism and experience that these consumers had in the past, have a positive influence in their attitudes to acquire retro products at the present. The variable materialism was not reliable, while the remaining variables (interest in the past, novelty seeking and need for uniqueness) did not present statistical significance, wich means that they don't influence the attitudes of portuguese consumers (presente in this sample) compared to retro products.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Weiherl, Philipp [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Ellwart. "Antecedents, processes, and manifestations of uniqueness-driven consumer behavior / Philipp Weiherl ; Betreuer: Thomas Ellwart." Trier : Universität Trier, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1197697659/34.
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Stockmyer, John L. "Need-based consumer support behavior : a conceptual and empirical analysis /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9946301.
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Bradbury, Bruce William Economics Australian School of Business UNSW. "Family Size and Relative Need." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Economics, 1997. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/17174.
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This thesis examines three questions concerned with the relative income needs of families of different sizes - often summarised by indices known as ???equivalence scales???. The first is the extent to which researchers and policy makers should offset the costs of family composition (eg the expenditure costs of children) with the benefits associated with demographic choice (eg the ???joys of parenthood???). Chapter 2 concludes that there are demographic and financial market constraints that will often make a narrow focus on expenditure costs appropriate for distributional research and tax/transfer policies. However, this will not always be the case. One implication of this result is that it may be reasonable for distributional research to use different equivalence scales for adults and children in the same household. Part 2 of the thesis introduces a new method for the estimation of the within-household income distribution and expenditure costs of different family types. This is based upon the household welfare model of Samuelson together with Lau???s method for modelling the joint consumption of household goods. In Chapter 4, this method is applied to the estimation of equivalence scales for older singles and married couples. The estimation is based upon a detailed set of assumptions about the extent of joint consumption for 17 different commodity groups. The main conclusions are that: the theoretical model fits the observed behaviour well (with the exception of some home production effects); that aged couples share their income relatively evenly; and that the relative rate of pension for aged singles in Australia is probably too low. In Part 3, the thesis examines how changes in poverty can be estimated when there is uncertainty about the equivalence scale. The thesis proposes a new method which permits a set of upper and lower bounds for the equivalence scale to be assumed, which in turn determine upper and lower bounds for the increase in poverty. This method is applied to measure the change in poverty in Australia during the 1980s. Equivalence scales can be found that imply either an increase or a decrease in poverty.
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Malik, Mandeep Singh, and n/a. "Exploring the Need for Higher Education in Sales." University of Canberra. Community Education, 2000. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20090609.090420.
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Alhassan, Khalid A. A. "Consumer confidence in e-commerce : the need for reform in the UAE." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=128323.
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The current thesis argues that the current legal framework in the UAE does not provide online consumers with an adequate level of protection to safeguard them from certain threatening issues in the business-to-consumer e-commerce sector in transactions carried out both within the jurisdiction of the UAE and cross-border. This argument is triggered due to the absence of specialised rules to deal with such matters which plays a critical role in improving and maintaining consumer confidence in the online market; bearing in mind the advanced status of the European legal framework achieved in this regard. The remarks of the present thesis are going to be based on a detailed review of consumer protection legal framework in the EU regarding certain issues, namely unfair terms, prior information and processing the contract, data protection and misleading advertising, focusing on only relevant rules that deal with certain threats analysed in the current thesis. Reviewing the EU experience will cast the focus on existing weaknesses in the consumer protection legal framework in the UAE. Eventually, the present thesis will conclude with recommendations to be adopted in the UAE to draft a comprehensive set of rules to deal with arising challenges in the online market in the UAE and improve consumers’ confidence in B2C e-commerce and maintain their interests.
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AlGhafri, Abdulla M. A. "The inadequacy of consumer protection in the UAE : the need for reform." Thesis, Brunel University, 2013. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7691.
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This thesis addresses the consumer protection regime in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) against damages posed by defective industrial products, unfair business practices and misleading advertising. Nowadays, unfair and deceptive practices such as the selling of defective or sub-standard goods, the charging of exorbitant prices, misrepresentation of the efficacy or usefulness of goods, and negligence as to safety standards have become rampant. Accordingly, it has become necessary to promote the development and refinement of statutory measures, even in developed countries, to make producers/traders more accountable to consumers. This thesis examines the legal grounds on which consumer protection stands within the newly enacted legal framework for consumer protection in the UAE. In addition, this thesis elaborates upon relevant regulations provided by UAE legislators as well as related laws in selected Arab countries. It further investigates the adequacy of administrative authorities’ measures in the UAE, and explains whether respective administrative rules are capable of compensating consumers for material and physical damages incurred. It also explores the inadequacies of the administration’s measures and rules, and highlights the importance of integration between administrative bodies in achieving a sufficient level of protection for consumers. The findings of this thesis are based on a detailed review of specific issues in consumer protection models in the Shari’a law and the United Kingdom (UK) model. Thus, it will refer to solutions devised by Islamic Shari’a law and the UK legal system to provide more comprehensive protection to consumers and strengthen their position in relation to that of traders. The study suggests that there is a need to amend the consumer protection in the UAE. It indicates a need for the unified, effective and meaningful implementation of consumer protection legal and administrative procedures in the UAE, and emphasizes that the non-governmental consumer protection association must be given a wider and legal role in supporting the governmental bodies. These findings may help in improving the current consumer protection regime in the UAE as well as reducing infringements committed by traders. This thesis concludes by making recommendations for drafting a comprehensive set of rules in the UAE in the hopes that such recommendations will contribute effectively toward the development of a consumer protection regime in the UAE.
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Fallatah, Hussam Ibrahim. "Addressing the need for consumer protection in e-commerce in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18133/.
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In traditional commercial transactions, consumers are usually regarded as the vulnerable party.1 This vulnerability is, arguably, more pronounced in e-commerce due to the way this particular kind of business is conducted, and this creates additional complications that do not exist in a traditional trade transaction. E-consumer concerns can be reduced by creating an appropriate legal environment, including the introduction of consumer protection regulations. Most developed countries, such as the United Kingdom, have realised that empowering consumers is important for fostering the e-commerce market.2 However, in developing countries, the lack of consumer protection regulations for e-commerce is one of the main barriers to the progression of e-commerce. Saudi Arabia is one country affected by a lack of efficient protection for e-consumers.3 This lack of efficiency is attributed to the ambiguity of current measures available for protecting e-consumers; current measures are based on basic consumer protection principles gleaned from Sharia and some other standard regulations that are used for protecting e-consumers. In the context of e-commerce, these general rules require further explanation and clarification.4 Therefore, the overriding objective of this research is to address the need for e-consumer protection regulations in Saudi Arabia by proposing a legal framework that might be used to provide efficient protection. This research identifies areas that contribute to the ambiguity of current measures, including a lack of clear unified regulations for e-consumer protection, and a lack of clear provisions in specific areas including: information obligation, the right to cancel, and rights of redress. In order to address these needs, a legal framework is suggested. This was built by using UK regulations as a model, with consideration given to their suitability for the Saudi Legal system, and its culture and traditions.
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Betti, Matteo, and Iram Jahan Dad. "The Unique Nostalgic Shopper : Nostalgia proneness and desire for uniqueness as determinants of shopping behavior among Millennials." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-30188.
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Millennials, or Generation Y, represent one of today’s most prominent age cohorts: with their increasingly stronger purchasing power and importance in the global economic landscape, it is no wonder that marketers are striving to find new ways to appeal to the taste of this peculiar generation of consumers. Among the various modern research fields in business, one in particular is offering incredibly interesting insights to both scholars and professional marketers: the concept of nostalgia proneness in consumer behavior. While several studies examine the dynamics of this phenomenon, none of them so far examined the impact of nostalgia proneness in shopping behavior, especially examining the dynamics on a sample of Generation Y consumers. This study was conducted in order to explore the dynamics of nostalgia proneness, linking the constructs to both desire for uniqueness and shopping behavior, using the framework provided by the Consumer Styles Inventory (Sproles & Sproles, 1990). After a theoretical review on the matter, several hypotheses and a conceptual model were developed to serve as the core framework of the quantitative analysis. The data, obtained from a convenience sample of 222 respondents, were subsequently examined using several statistical techniques (ANOVA, correlation and factor analysis), with the intent to test the hypotheses and shed light on the research questions. The outcome was then presented and interpreted using both the theoretical background and other complementary relevant literature. The results showed a positive relationship between nostalgia proneness and desire for uniqueness, with both variables being further connected to several shopping traits of the Generation Y consumer. The cluster and factor analysis eventually showed patterns that could be interpreted using the theory of hedonic and utilitarian shopping motivations.
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Burger, John Michael. "A qualitative analysis of the need-satisfying experiences of the customers of a niche-restaurant." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/260.
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Tradition dictates that marketing decision-makers remain accurately aligned with the dynamic and vacillating need structures of the target markets they serve. To comply with this caveat, a time-honoured and largely unchallenged philosophy of customer orientation has been applied. Theory further strongly contends that if such a business stance is vigilantly and diligently applied, any firm is bound to gain a competitive edge in the market place. A weakness in the above marketing mindset is the perception that when a spectrum of business elements are orchestrated and focussed on customers, target audience members will automatically be satisfied and return their patronage. This so-called marketing concept has undergone major reevaluations over the past decades, and it is now becoming ever more prevalent to witness varied permutations of new marketing architecture evolving in literature and practice. The unit of analysis selected for this research study is a niche restaurant that flouts many of the rudimentary traditional rules of marketing and iconoclastically succeeds despite all counter-logic. What such organisations have been practicing, albeit unknown to themselves, is a new way of business - a stance that has only recently been taken seriously by academics, writers and marketing professionals. These intuitive marketers are succeeding in niche businesses, despite going against the tide of the ingrained paradigm mindsets of conventional marketing stalwarts. Such niche business people have discovered is that there is more to satisfying consumer needs than simply honing in and understanding what the basic needs of designated audiences are. A growing band of new age marketers have been challenging orthodox marketing philosophy. Tofler, the visionary futurist, alluded to a host of unarticulated psychic consumer needs that would emerge as society drifted into a clinical and dispassionate ‘new’ millennium. In a world geared to instant gratification, fast-paced living and mechanistic social interactions, jaded consumers seek recognition as individuals (Tofler, 1970). They quest for inclusion rather than exclusion. They need a place to feel safe and find solace. Hence, it is now clear that simply attempting to satisfy the fundamental dimensions of consumers’ needs is no longer sufficient. Consumers rather seek the fulfilment of an holistic band of experience dimensions. Increasingly, phrases such as “winning consumer hearts and minds” are entering the vocabulary of marketers on a regular basis. The present vogue is to isolate and then include a range of intangible elements that are embodied in the process of satisfying customers needs. However, despite a growing awareness of the significance of mental-need satisfiers, in the specific domain of this investigation there is sparse evidence in literature of the mechanics of such novel thinking. The study unit is a second generation restaurant where many of the hollowed cornerstones of conventional marketing are inadvertently flouted. Different sets of rules of engagement seem to apply to their customers, who are also their most ardent advocates. A unique philosophy and business ethos also appears to prevail. In the study, the idiosyncratic characteristics which socially and competitively differentiate such a business were identified, explored and expiated. The constituents were then harmonised in an effort to establish what ‘it’ was that magnetically attracted patrons back despite the owner’s unintentional dismissive predisposition towards fundamental theory. As a result of this in-depth qualitative study, an holistic model encompassing all of the dimensions of a dining out experience at a niche restaurant have been proposed. Consequently the pillars upon which a sustained, enduring, loyal staunch customer base can be bed-rocked have been identified. Further, for the study unit, a typology of its diner corpse has been developed. The owners of the establishment under investigation have succeeded to provide an intimate family haven for their patrons. They, and their diners have collectively given strong, descriptive voice to the psychogenic need satisfying elements that have always existed, but to date have been unarticulated and unrecorded. This thesis brings the milieu of the iconoclast niche restaurant marketing practitioner to life.
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Uzokwe, Henry Chilewubeze. "Consumer protection in the banking sector : the need for reform to protect bank consumers in Nigeria." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15661.
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The protection of consumers of financial services has attracted a lot of debates following the global financial crisis of 2007 to 2009. As a result, there have been series of reforms in a number of jurisdictions across the globe. Despite this development some countries still lag behind and Nigeria is no exception. This study examines the problems of consumer protection in Nigeria, with specific reference to the bank consumers. The aim is to consider whether the Nigeria consumer protection regime provides "sufficient protection to bank consumers and whether it should be reformed". The study also focuses on the role of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) in consumer protection, its dispute resolution mechanism and the practical challenges. The test of sufficiency will be analysed and discussed, using 'consistency', 'efficiency' and 'accessibility' in order to illustrate the existing weaknesses in resolving consumer dispute. The approach in this study is doctrinal analysis. In all, the findings suggest that there is need, to reform the consumer protection regime in the banking sector and enforce laws which will address issues highlighted in the study to enable the users of banking services in Nigeria to obtain an appropriate level of protection through regulatory processes. This study, therefore, also provides a comparative analysis between United Kingdom and Nigeria, using current consumer protection framework in the United Kingdom in making proposals for the needed reforms in Nigeria. The study thus concludes with the recommendation that the current Nigerian consumer protection regime does not offer adequate protection; hence protecting consumers require a holistic approach which includes effective consumer protection framework, enforcement, coordination and cooperation from different stakeholders.
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Engström, Birgitta. "Information to the patient : an attempt to satisfy the patient's need for information." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Neurologi, 1986. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-100591.
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Dissatisfaction with medical information is a common problem among patients. There is also evidence that patients lack information that physicians believe they have given to the patient. The aims of this study were to 1) survey patients' subjective need for, and satisfaction with, the information that they received during their hospital stay 2) develop and evaluate systematic routines for giving information to the patients and also communication and collaboration between the medical and nursing staff concerning the satisfaction of the patients' need for information. The study was an intervention project and the research perspective was organizational psychology. Survey study. The patients experienced a considerable need for medical information, especially about the examination results and prognosis. The patients' need for information regarding prognosis was the least satisfied. Intervention 1. A general improvement of the information to the patients occurred when the systematic routines were established. The patients' subjective need for information was unchanged throughout two years. Their satisfaction with information, after an initial improvement, did not increase throughout these two years. There was low correlation between the patients' and their physicians' estimations concerning the patients' need for information on diagnosis, prognosis and examination results. Likewise, concerning the adequacy of that information. Intervention 2. Communication and collaboration between the medical and nursing staff included a system for assessment and solution of the patients' information problems. Problem-solving took place at a multidisciplinary team conference (MTC). Medical problems were better elucidated than the patients' psychological problems. After training of registered nurses (RN) as conference chairpersons, the patients need for information was better understood. The staff reported 42 information problems after training compared to two before. For half of the information problems decisions were discussed on steps to be taken in order to satisfy the patients' need for information. A year after the system for assessment and solution of information problems was established, the patients were more satisfied with information about examinations and their results and on information about medication (p< 0.05). Further, new norms for the patients' need for information were established and a change was initiated. The results are discussed with regard to how and why patients' shall have information, by whom and to whom information shall be given, when and where information shall be given and which content it shall have.S. 1-56: sammanfattning, s. 57-137: 4 uppsatser
digitalisering@umu
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Armellini, Juan Pablo. "Consumer engagement and value enhancement through product individualisation." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/15311.
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Product customisation has always been a regular practice as a form of self or group identification. Previous studies have demonstrated that when investing time and effort to customise a product, an emotional attachment to that product develops. Since the 1980s, new technologies in design, manufacturing and communications have facilitated customisation practices for mass manufacturers as well as for individual consumers. For example, computer algorithms can now automate customisation (i.e. individualise), meaning that the investment of time and effort can be significantly lower than in other customisation processes. Such novel automated practices have, however, not considered the effects on emotional attachment to products, which occurs when the consumer personally engages in the process. This research investigates individualisation as a form of customisation by looking at the relationship between an individualised product and the consumers’ attribution of value and emotional attachment to the end result. This was achieved through a mixed methods approach: following a literature review, in-depth interviews, observation and experiments were carried out. Four pilot studies were conducted, involving 42 respondents (designers, company directors, and consumers). The main study engaged a further 44 respondents, profiled as one of two types of consumers depending on their critical engagement with customisation processes, namely Active Consumers (AC) that Passive Consumers (PC). Data was collected through five Action Research cycles and incorporated key features of Design-Based Research. It was then processed, coded and analysed using thematic analysis. This study makes contributions to knowledge in the area of product customisation and individualisation, as well as in the research methods developed, applied and refined over the four pilot iterations and in the main study. Results suggest that despite limiting freedom of choice, individualisation is a valuable approach to product customisation, particularly for PCs willing to relinquish part of the decision making to an automated process, in order to obtain a customised and unique design. ACs, on the other hand, value their freedom to customise their own products and see individualisation as a limitation to the customisation experience and as a hindrance to developing emotional attachment to the product. These findings have the potential to inform entrepreneurs’ and designers’ decisions to better understand and exploit the benefits associated to individualisation processes. Offering specific consumer groups opportunities to engage with the individualisation process can trigger a strong emotional product attachment and potentially generate new business opportunities.
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Ahmad, Alhusban Ahmad. "The importance of consumer protection for the development of electronic commerce : the need for reform in Jordan." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2014. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-importance-of-consumer-protection-for-the-development-of-electronic-commerce(45a4874a-4ed2-453d-8370-0267e4d241a6).html.
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The present thesis argues that the current Jordanian legal frameworks are insufficiently developed to provide an adequate level of consumer protection to redress the imbalance of power between parties in electronic commerce consumer contracts. This argument is triggered due to the Jordanian legislation placing great emphasis on the freedom of contract principle to govern all types of contracts, regardless of whether one of the contracting parties suffers from an inequality of bargaining power. This principle does not serve consumer protection as consumer contracts are usually presented on a take-it-or-leave-it basis where a consumer has no realistic bargaining opportunity. On the other hand, such a principle does not allow the legislature to intervene in the contract in order to redress that imbalance. By depending on the freedom of contract principle, Jordanian legislation has, to a large extent, failed to provide consumers with an acceptable level of protection. This subject will be analysed and discussed alongside European Union legislation in order to illustrate the existing weaknesses in the legal frameworks in Jordan in relation to consumer contracts. After concluding the legal analysis and determining the weaknesses in Jordanian law, the thesis will provide an empirical study to measure the impact of the lack of consumer protection law on the growth of electronic commerce in Jordan. This empirical study, which has been conducted by way of a questionnaire survey, has revealed that one of the factors that prevents consumers engaging in e-commerce activities, and which undermines their confidence, is their perception of the protection provided by the law. This thesis concludes that basic consumer protection, which aims to rebalance the power in Business-to-Consumer contracts, is essential for consumer confidence and the development of e-commerce in Jordan. There is a positive correlation between purchasing online and the protective measures selected in this thesis (i.e. information requirements, protection from unfair contract terms and consumer rights). Therefore, a comprehensive model has been suggested in order to fill the gap in the Jordanian legislation.
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Sun, Huajun. "Sports and competition law in South Africa: the need to account for the uniqueness of sport when applying the competition Act 89 of 1998 to the sports industry." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7102.
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Regulation of sport as an economic activity has become increasingly prevalent in a number of foreign jurisdictions. This thesis considers the applicability of competition law to the sports industry from a South African perspective. Although the Competition Act 89 of 1998 is yet to be applied in the context of organisation of professional sport, the sector is not free from the scrutiny of competition law authorities. It is necessary to subject sports organisers and governing bodies to competition law in order to ensure that their administrative powers, which effectively place them in positions of market dominance, are not misused for their own commercial interests. On the other hand, the unique characteristics of sports should also be taken into account when applying competition law to the sector. In particular, it should be noted that sporting activities are not purely economic in nature, and that they are also conducted in order to achieve various social objectives. This thesis examines foreign jurisprudence that have dealt with the relevance of purely sporting justifications under competition law, and conclude that South Africa law should take into account the unique nature of sport when determining whether a conduct should be per se prohibited under the Competition Act, as well as when the rule-of-reason enquiry is conducted. This would require an amendment to the Act, a draft of which is proposed in this thesis. Finally, the proposed approach is applied in the context of the player transfer rules in football, in order to highlight problematic aspects of the transfer system even when considered in light of the unique nature of sports.
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Jonsson, Ragnar. "Studies on the competitiveness of wood : - market segmentation and customer need assessments." Doctoral thesis, Växjö universitet, Institutionen för teknik och design, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-398.
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Over the last decades, wood has encountered increasing competition from other building materials. Hence, it is relevant to study the underlying factors of material substitution. The market for repair and remodelling (R&R) is growing in importance. The end-consumer´s, or the household?s, assessments as to material selection are generally more crucial in R&R than in construction of new houses, a circumstance highlighting the importance of the end-consumer. Consequently, this thesis deals with material substitution within an end-consumer context. Proper market segmentation and targeting presuppose an understanding of why households differ as to material preferences. Prioritising customer needs in quality improvement and/or product development requires information as to the importance of different customer requirements or needs as well as the performance of wood, relative substitutes, in providing for these needs. The thesis proposes a coherent approach for market segmentation and for prioritising customer needs: (i) how to provide a basis for market segmentation and targeting, i.e., to extract the distinguishing features of different material preferences; (ii) how to extract information enabling the prioritising of customer needs, i.e., importance and performance information. Identifying prominent discriminating factors of building application material preference, in order to subsequently explain why households differ within and between samples/cultures as to material preferences, and finally assessing customer requirements or needs as to the importance and the performance of wood relative substitutes in fulfilling them, presuppose an approach for data collection and analysis, which in turn requires a theoretical frame of reference. Hence, in the thesis a theoretical framework and different methods, for extracting decisive preferential predictors and assessing customer needs respectively, are suggested and evaluated. A pronounced design profile and distinct material alternatives make floorcovering a good illustrative example. The results indicate that material substitution with an end-consumer focus should be studied within a contextual framework. Hence, the usage context, the type of room refloored and whether the dwelling is owned or not, seems to define the types of materials actively considered. Further, households obviously differ in how they perceive the concept of floorcovering in a given usage context, depending on the general life situation and individual experience. Data collection, with the aim of identifying distinguishing factors of building application material preferences, must thus handle the collection of data related to usage context as well as the general life situation and individual experience. To obtain a deeper understanding of the underlying motives open-ended questions are called for. Performance benchmarking as to customer requirements or needs should be relative competitors in the same market segment, i.e., close substitutes. The assessment of customer needs should allow analysis on benefit levels, as alternatives in material substitution most readily can be compared in terms of the more abstract benefits/consequences they provide rather than concrete attributes. The apparent causal complexity, resulting from contextual influences, severely limits the usefulness and adequacy of traditional, additive, statistical analysis. Multivariate projection methods like partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA); in coping with collinear variables, as well as the Boolean approach of qualitative comparative analysis (QCA); enabling data reduction in a theoretically guided manner, have potential for handling multiple conjunctural causation when analysing material preferences. Furthermore, both methods are able to handle binary variables resulting from open-ended questions, dependent as well as independent. PLS-DA can, however, more readily than Boolean algebra capture contextual influences. Analysis by means of PLS-DA thus seem to provide the information necessary for market segmentation and targeting, i.e., the causes of preferential differences both between and within cultures: evaluative criteria and variables related to the context. The output from the analysis of material preferences serve as input to the subsequent assessment of customer needs, as to the make-up of customer needs and as to which materials constitute close substitutes, i.e., share usage context. Customer satisfaction modelling (CSM) using partial least squares (PLS) seems well adapted for extracting the information necessary for prioritising customer needs: the impact on customer satisfaction of the fulfilment of different customer requirements or needs, and the performance of wood, relative substitutes, in providing for these needs. A valuable asset of CSM is the ability to allow analysis on customer benefit as well as attribute level. Usage context and data connected with the life situation provide instruments for market segmentation and targeting. For example: according to the present results, users of wooden flooring in the Netherlands are house owners to a greater extent and generally have a higher household income than users of laminated flooring. One of the apparently salient reasons for choosing wood, the natural material property, is part of the intrinsic nature, character, of the material. This quality of wood could provide an edge on the close substitute, laminated flooring. The results presented in the thesis further indicate that practical, functional, benefits exert the greatest impact on customer satisfaction, for wooden flooring as well as its closest substitutes laminate and carpet. This is noteworthy, as the salient evaluative criteria for choosing wooden flooring, unlike the other materials studied, were of a non-practical nature. This circumstance highlights the necessity of considering substitutes to identify latent needs. A low cost over the life cycle and hygiene are apparently the most important benefits to improve for wooden flooring manufacturers, as importance is high and performance relatively low.
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Lantian, Anthony. "Rôle fonctionnel de l'adhésion aux théories du complot : un moyen de distinction ?" Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAS006/document.
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Dans cette thèse, nous défendons l'idée que la motivation à se distinguer d'autrui (et plus précisément, le besoin d'unicité) pourrait favoriser l'adoption et l'augmentation des croyances aux théories du complot. Cette relation s'expliquerait par le fait que les individus ayant un fort besoin d'unicité auraient davantage tendance à être attirés par ce qui rare ou inaccessible, et nous argumentons que c'est justement ce qui caractérise les récits conspirationnistes (e.g., impression de détenir des informations secrètes). Nous présenterons 12 études ayant pour but de tester empiriquement cette hypothèse.Parmi les principaux résultats, nous avons montré que les individus disposant d'un niveau de croyances aux théories du complot supérieur à la moyenne pensent avoir un niveau de croyances à ces théories supérieur à celui attribué aux autres (Etudes 4, 5 et 6), ce qui correspond à un prérequis nécessaire à la formulation de notre hypothèse. Nous avons ensuite mis en évidence que plus les personnes possèdent un fort besoin d'unicité, plus elles croient aux théories du complot (Etude 8). Conformément à notre hypothèse, nous avons également démontré que les personnes qui croient aux théories du complot ont plus tendance à penser détenir des informations rares et secrètes à propos de divers complots (Etude 9). Une méta-analyse conduite sur deux études testant le rôle causal du besoin d'unicité sur les croyances aux théories du complot (Etudes 11 et 12) suggère enfin qu'une hausse situationnelle du besoin d'unicité favoriserait la formation des croyances aux théories du complot.Dans l'ensemble, il semblerait donc que le besoin d'unicité intervienne dans l'adoption des croyances aux théories du complot, même si cet effet semble de taille relativement modeste. En conclusion, cette thèse fait partie des rares travaux soulignant le rôle des explications motivationnelles dans l'adhésion aux théories du complotIn this thesis, we argue that the desire to be different from others (i.e., the need for uniqueness) would foster the adoption and increase of conspiracy beliefs. This relationship may be due to the fact that people with high need for uniqueness are more likely to be attracted by what is scarce and unavailable. We argue that scarcity and unavailability specifically characterizes conspiracy narratives (e.g., the conviction to hold secret information). We present 12 studies testing empirically this hypothesis.Among our main results, we show that people with high level of beliefs in conspiracy theories think that they have a higher level of beliefs in these theories compared to others (Studies 4, 5 and 6), that is a necessary prerequisite to our hypothesis. Then, we highlighted that people with a high need for uniqueness believe more in conspiracy theories (Study 8). According to our hypothesis, we also demonstrate that high believers in conspiracy theories are more likely to think that they possess secret information about various conspiracies (Study 9). A meta-analysis conducted on two studies testing the causal role of need for uniqueness on conspiracy beliefs (Studies 11 and 12) suggests that a situation in which need for uniqueness is enhanced increases people's conspiracy beliefs.Taken together, these studies suggest that the need for uniqueness plays a role in the endorsement of conspiracy theories, although the effect size seems relatively modest. To conclude, this thesis is one of the few works devoted to exploring the role of motivational explanations for conspiracy beliefs
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Klimienė, Kristina. "Vartotojų elgsenos įtaka pieno perdirbimo įmonių rinkodaros sprendimams." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050606_144238-15351.
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SUMMARY
Kristina KLIMIENĖ
Consumer behavior influence to milk processing companies marketing decisions
The conclusive master work consists of 57 pages, 10 pictures, 2 tables, 40 references and 3 additions. The work is written in Lithuanian.
The key words: consumer, consumer behavior, need, relationship marketing, product, organization.
The aim of the work is to present milk processing companies relationship improvement means with consumers.
The research object - consumer behavior.
The research subject – consumer behavior influence to the marketing decisions.
The main tasks of the work are to:
1. Characterize the outward and inherent factors of consumer behavior;
2. Identify the consumption stimulating marketing means;
3. Point out how the consumer behavior influence milk processing companies marketing decisions;
4. Present relationship improvement means with consumers.
The work was written analising different literature resources, comparing the facts of different authors, systematizing and concentrating them, using graphic, logical abstraction methods, also it was used a inquest.
In oder to influence consumer behavior it‘s necessary to understand what affects consumer docisions. Consumer behavior is influenced by many enviromental and personal factors. Understanding them the organization can accept the effective marketing decisions.
One of the most important subjects for the milk processing companies is to satisfy consumer needs by educating their consumers and... [to full text]
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Boström, Gustav. "Social media's significance on the need recognition and information search, in B2B investment decisions of 3D printers." Thesis, KTH, Medieteknik och interaktionsdesign, MID, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-185320.
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This study examines what significance social media (Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter and Instagram) may have in regard to clients need recognition and information search, in B2B investment decision making of desktop 3D printers. The study was made on 121 respondents from the 3D printer reseller company 3DVerkstan’s customer base. Need recognition and information search are the two first steps of five, in the consumer behavioral Engel Blackwell Miniard (EBM) model of decision making. To get a better perspective of what role social media have in B2B marketing, a broad investigation of the 3D print owners need recognition and information search has been conducted through a survey built from the EBM-model, and the clients media consumption. A wide range of communication channels has been examined in order to draw conclusions from what role social media play as whole. As social media is an unexplored field for B2B marketing, an interview with the CMO of Telia Sonera Sweden, Magnus Andersson was held to get insights of how they currently use social media in B2B as a best-in-class case. This study aims to give foundational directives for social media’s significance for B2B companies in the technology. The findings in this study indicates that social media has a great potential exposure to influence and inspire need recognition. Especially for Facebook, decent potential exposure for LinkedIn and Instagram. Not very good for Twitter. Although, almost none were first exposed to 3D printing on social media. Social media was not searched for information, and the few that did searched for reviews. The respondents primarily searched on online sources only. Most respondents conducted one search step where they focused on finding a source with compiled information to conveniently grasp the 3D printer market. Either on Youtube to look for unbiased 3D print reviews. Or through a convenient recommendation from friends and resellers of the most suitable 3D printer in relation to their objective. Technical specification, price, customer reviews, service & support and user case quality caught their attention after finding their preferred source of information retrieval. Convenient personalized packaging in review form with the above stated attributes could be used to inspire customers on social media. Directed towards the use motives; prototyping, hobby/home use or custom production.
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Beauchamp, Michelle Bednarz. "The need for retail shopping convenience an empirical examination of its antecedents and consequences in Mexican-American consumers and white, non-Hispanic consumers in the United States /." Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2007. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04042007-105430.
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Fitzpatrick, Bridie. "The consumer challenge in the NHS : the development and application of new approaches to obtain and compare lay and professional views on the quality and need for services." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390692.
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Subramaniam, Brintha, and Brintha Subramaniam. "Living in Present to Nurture the Future: Investigating the Association Between Mindfulness and Sustainable Consumption Behaviors Using Individuals' Cognitive Personality, Values and Beliefs Variables." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621811.
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Currently our world consumes the equivalent of 1.6 earths per year. Although the production has become resource-efficient by using fewer natural resources to produce one dollar of GDP, per-capita consumption in the US firmly increases. Individuals consume an ever-increasing quantity of goods and services which inevitably leads to environmental damages in terms of pollution, deforestation, climate change and psychological disorders such as reduced wellbeing, unhappiness, and anxiety. Past research has suggested that embracing sustainable consumption - where consumption of products and services have minimal impact on the environment, and improvement in society's wellbeing-might mitigate the detrimental effects of over-consumption. Increasingly studies in this stream propose that adopting a psychological approach, specifically by enhancing individuals' inherent capability known as mindfulness may aid in boosting sustainable consumption behaviors. However, only few studies have investigated the decision-making processes associated with mindfulness that could show a detailed picture of how mindfulness - receptive attention to and present moment awareness is positively associated with sustainable consumption behaviors. Conceptual model for this study was built based on mindfulness-related mechanisms, namely re-perceiving, systematic processing, and ability to overcome need for fulfillment. Using a four-step conceptual model: mindfulness-cognitive personality variables-values and beliefs variables-sustainable consumption behaviors, this research empirically examines how trait mindfulness is associated with sustainable consumption behaviors. Embracing a broad definition of sustainable consumption in terms of its impact on environment (composition) and level of consumption (volume), this research includes both pro-environmental and downshifting consumption behaviors. By utilizing an online survey method, data was collected from 1005 respondents in Amazon Mechanical Turk (Mturk). Findings from self-reported measures suggested that while mindfulness directly and positively associated with sustainable behaviors, significant indirect relationships are explained by cognitive personality variables such as cognitive flexibility, need for cognition, attention based self-regulatory control, and values/beliefs namely altruistic values, self-acceptance values, materialistic values, and perceived consumer effectiveness. Comparing empirical models using measures of both socio-cognitive based mindfulness and meditation based mindfulness demonstrated that the former has both direct and indirect relationships with sustainable behaviors while the latter showed only indirect relationships through cognitive personality variables and values/beliefs. By identifying cognitive personality variables that are closely associated with mindfulness, this research teases out the tenets of mindfulness that are more relevant for sustainable consumption behaviors. Also, the recognized cognitive personality variables in this research have been rigorously studied in consumer behavior research, hence finding their relationships with mindfulness might help uncover applications of mindfulness in mainstream consumer behavior research. In addition, by supporting relationships involving cognitive personality variables and values/beliefs relevant for sustainable consumption, this study may offer insights for policy makers and practitioners in maneuvering consumers' mindfulness and their sustainable behaviors to bring about change in their sustainable consumption behaviors.
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Braga, Farah Diba M. A. Abrantes. "I need help! I can’t afford it: the interplay of credit beliefs, anxiety, impulsive buying and risky indebtedness behavior in predicting Brazilians’ financial preparedness." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/21940.
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The findings of this research bring out how relevant are personal factors (e.g., traits), buying, and financial behaviors in predicting individuals’ indebtedness and financial well-being, if compared to predictors of debt and determinants of credit limits commonly used in used in academia and the finance industry (e.g., income, debt/income ratio, past credit usage behavior, the number of credit cards, past debt behavior, gender, age, schooling, marital status). Consumer credit has undergone a tremendous increase during recent decades in both developed and emerging economies. Brazil, which has one of the highest consumer credit interest rates in the world, has also experienced a substantial credit expansion, providing credit access to consumers who had never had access to it before, notably those in the low-income group. Both previous experience and the literature associate the access to massive amounts of credit with suboptimal and destructive forms of behavior such as impulsive buying and over-indebtedness. This kind of behavior undermines the individual’s financial well-being. In the context of financial services and the emerging Brazilian economy, this research project proposes the concept of financial preparedness for emergency (FPE), defined as ‘an individual’s state of being financially prepared to cope with a financial shock. This research posits that FPE is a critical component of financial well-being and extending on previous literature framework of drivers and consequences of financial well-being, it proposes an integrative model that investigates the role of consumer credit, money attitudes, impulsive buying and indebtedness behavior, in predicting consumers’ financial preparedness for an emergency. Employing a covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) method to test the proposed model empirically, this study finds that personal factors, buying, and financial behaviors play a key role as antecedents of individuals’ financial preparedness. The findings suggest that individuals who see their credit limits as part of their income or are anxious about money are more prone to engage in impulsive buying and risky indebtedness behavior. Consequently, by engaging in such patterns of behavior, individuals weaken their state to cope with financial shock, which in its turn might affect their financial well-being. This research further finds that the belief that credit limits serve as income does not change the risky indebtedness behavior of low-income consumers. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the number of credit cards, gender, schooling, and age does not play any role in financial preparedness nor any of the model’s relationships. An explanation of the outcomes and various of their implications is addressed in this study. Overall, the recommendations made focus on individuals, institutions, and policymakers and the responsibility of each of these players to adopt sustainable forms of behavior, such as, building credit usage awareness, adopting and regulating tools that better identify consumers’ traits and behaviors that might lead them, and eventually society as a whole, into sound financial well-being.
Os resultados desta pesquisa revelam quão importantes são os fatores pessoais (por exemplo, traços de comportamento), o comportamento de compra e crenças financeiras, na previsão do endividamento e bem-estar financeiro dos indivíduos, em comparação indicadores financeiros comumente utilizados pela a academia e indústria financeira (por exemplo, renda, relação dívida / renda, sexo, idade, escolaridade). O crédito ao consumo sofreu um tremendo aumento durante as últimas décadas, tanto em economias desenvolvidas quanto nas emergentes. O Brasil, que tem uma das maiores taxas de juros de crédito ao consumidor do mundo, também experimentou uma substancial expansão de crédito, proporcionando acesso ao crédito a consumidores que nunca tiveram acesso a ele antes, notadamente aqueles do grupo de baixa renda. A literatura e experiência de outros países associam o acesso a enormes quantidades de crédito a comportamentos não ideias e ou destrutivos, como, a compra impulsiva e o superendividamento. Esse tipo de comportamento prejudica o bem-estar financeiro do indivíduo. No contexto dos serviços financeiros e da economia brasileira emergente, este projeto de pesquisa propõe o conceito de ‘preparação financeira para emergências’ (FPE), definido como 'o estado de um indivíduo estar financeiramente preparado para lidar com um choque financeiro'. Esta pesquisa postula que FPE é um componente crítico do bem-estar financeiro, e empregando a literatura existente propõe um modelo integrativo de causas e consequências do bem-estar financeiro. Esse modelo investiga o papel do crédito ao consumidor, atitudes monetárias, comportamento impulsivo de compra e endividamento, na previsão da preparação financeira dos consumidores para uma emergência. Empregando um método de modelagem de equações estruturais baseado em covariância (CB-SEM) para testar o modelo proposto empiricamente, este estudo descobriu que fatores pessoais, compras e comportamentos financeiros desempenham um papel fundamental como antecedentes da preparação financeira dos indivíduos. As descobertas sugerem que indivíduos que veem seus limites de crédito como parte de sua renda ou estão ansiosos em relação ao dinheiro são mais propensos a se engajar em comportamentos impulsivos de compra e endividamento. Consequentemente, ao se envolver em tais padrões de comportamento, os indivíduos enfraquecem seu estado para lidar com o choque financeiro, o que, por sua vez, pode afetar seu bem-estar financeiro. Esta pesquisa revela ainda que a crença de que os limites de crédito servem como renda não altera o comportamento arriscado de endividamento dos consumidores de baixa renda. Além disso, os resultados sugerem que o número de cartões de crédito, sexo, escolaridade e idade não desempenha nenhum papel na preparação financeira nem em nenhum dos relacionamentos do modelo. Uma explicação dos resultados e várias de suas implicações é abordada neste estudo. No geral, as recomendações focaram nos indivíduos, instituições e formuladores de políticas e na responsabilidade de cada um deles em adotar formas sustentáveis de comportamento, tais como conscientizar o uso do crédito, adotar e regular ferramentas que identifiquem melhor os traços e comportamentos dos consumidores que possam levá-los, e eventualmente a sociedade como um todo, a um bem-estar financeiro sólido.
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Bohlin, Sara. "Svenska konsumenters syn på secondhandkläder : Fördelar och nackdelar med secondhandkläder." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-75046.
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Datum: 26:e juni 2019 Nivå: C-uppsats, i företagsekonomi, specialisering marknadsföring. Institution: Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle - Luleå Tekniska Universitet Författare: Sara Bohlin Handledare: Maria Ek Styvén Titel: Fördelar och nackdelar med att konsumera secondhandkläder Nyckelord: Secondhandkläder, secondhand, traditionellt tillverkade kläder, kläder, miljömedvetenhet, prismedvetenhet, behov av att vara unik, modeintresse, behov av att visa status upplevelse av ofräschhet. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att få en ökad förståelse för konsumenters drivkrafter när det gäller att köpa eller inte köpa secondhandkläder. Metod: Deduktiv studie med ett kvalitativt tillvägagångsätt som genomförts med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Slutsats: Slutsatserna som drogs efter intervjuerna var att de vanligaste anledningarna till att köpa secondhandkläder var miljömedvetenhet, prismedvetenhet och modeintresse. De av de intervjuade som köpte mycket secondhandkläder utryckte alla på något sätt att de också hade ett behov av att ha en unik stil. Den vanligaste anledningen till att inte köpa secondhandkläder var modeintresse. Detta visade sig genom att de flesta av de intervjuade som köpte få eller inga kläder på secondhand också svarade att de var intresserade av mode.Date: June 26, 2019 Level: C-uppsats, thesis in business Administration, Specialization Marketing Institution: Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences - Luleå University of Technology Author: Sara Bohlin Title: Advantages and disadvantages of consuming second-hand clothes Tutor: Maria Ek Styvén Key words: Second-hand clothes, second-hand, traditionally made clothes, clothes, environmentalism, price sensitivity, need for uniqueness, fashion involvement, need for status, perception of contamination. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to better understand what, motivates consumers to buy or not to buy second-hand clothes. Method: A deductive study with a qualitative approach that was implemented using semi-structured interviews. Conclusion: The conclusions drawn after the interviews were that the most common reasons for buying second-hand clothes were environmentalism, price sensitivity and fashion involvement. Those of the interviewed who bought a lot of second-hand clothes all expressed in some way that they also had a need to have a unique style. The most common reason for not buying second-hand clothes was fashion involvement. This was shown by the fact that most of the interviewees who bought few or no clothes on second-hand, also replied that they were interested in fashion.
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Hjärne, Sara, Mathilda Perem, and Ewelina Wallin. "Hur fungerar egentligen köpbeslutsprocessen inom e-handel? : En kvalitativ studie om konsumenternas beteende vid konsumtion på Internet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-34484.
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Title: How does the buying decision process really function within e-commerce? - A qualitative study of consumer behavior when they consume on Internet. Institution: School of Economics, Linnaeus University, Växjö. Course code: 2FE16E. Titel: Hur fungerar egentligen köpbeslutsprocessen inom e-handel?- En kvalitativ studie om konsumenternas beteende vid konsumtion på Internet. Institution: Ekonomihögskolan, Linnéuniversitetet, Växjö. Kurskod: 2FE16E. Författare: Sara Hjärne, Mathilda Perem, Ewelina Wallin.
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Benbahia, Ilham. "L'influence de la digitalisation d'un magasin sur l'expérience vécue et le comportement des clients." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01E002.
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Dans cette thèse nous étudions l’impact de l’expérience de magasinage sur le comportement du consommateur dans un contexte de magasin physique proposant des dispositifs digitaux à ses clients. Nous cherchons ainsi à mesurer la valeur ajoutée de l’utilisation des dispositifs digitaux sur l’expérience vécue en magasin et sur le comportement du consommateur. Nous testons aussi le rôle modérateur des variables individuelles qui sont le besoin de toucher (Need For Touch) et le niveau optimal de stimulation (Optimal Level of Stimulation) sur le lien entre le degré d’utilisation des dispositifs digitaux et l’expérience vécue. Après avoir réalisé une revue de la littérature sur nos concepts clés, nous avons conduit trois études successives : une étude qualitative auprès de managers, puis, deux études quantitatives menées en magasin réel. La recherche a montré un impact positif du degré d’utilisation des dispositifs digitaux en magasin sur l’expérience et sur le comportement du consommateur. L’effet modérateur du niveau optimal de stimulation a été validé ; celui du besoin de toucher l’a été partiellementIn this thesis we study the impact of the shopping experience on consumer behavior in a physical store context offering digital devices to its customers. We thus seek to measure the added value ofthe use of digital devices on the experience lived in store and on the consumer’s behavior. We alsotest the moderating role of the individual variables which are the need to touch (Need For Touch) and the optimal level of stimulation (Optimal Level of Stimulation) on the link between the degreeof use of digital devices and the lived experience. After carrying out a literature review on our keyconcepts, we conducted three successive studies: a qualitative study with managers, then two quantitative studies conducted in store with customers. Research has shown a positive impact of the degree of use of in-store digital devices on consumer experience and behavior. The moderating effect of the optimal level of stimulation has been validated ; that of the need for touch has beenpartially
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Kolb, Peter Markus. "The Effects of Temperature on Judgment and Behavior in the Contexts of Jurisdiction, Retail, and Services." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-96306.
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Warum verwenden wir Wörter, die mit physikalischer Temperatur zu tun haben, zur Beschreibung zwischenmenschlicher Phänomene (wie zum Beispiel “eine warmherzige Person” oder “jemandem die kalte Schulter zeigen”)?
Jüngere Forschung im Bereich Embodied Cognition hat in aktuellen Publikationen eine Antwort auf diese Frage geliefert: Das Erleben von physikalischer Wärme wird unbewusst mit Gefühlen interpersonaler Wärme assoziiert; physikalische Kälte hingegen wird mit Gefühlen von interpersonaler Kälte und Einsamkeit verbunden. In diesem Zusammenhang konnten beispielsweise Williams und Bargh (2008) zeigen, dass bereits das kurzzeitige Halten einer Tasse mit heißem Kaffe (verglichen mit einer Tasse Eiskaffee) dazu führt, dass die Persönlichkeit einer Zielperson als wärmer (d.h. großzügiger und fürsorglicher) eingeschätzt wird. Diese unbewusste Assoziation hat weitreichende Konsequenzen für das Urteilen und Handeln von Menschen.
Die vorliegende Arbeit zielt darauf ab zu klären, ob und wie Temperatur menschliches Urteilen und Verhalten in verschiedenen Kontexten beeinflusst. Desweiteren sollen zugrundeliegende Prozesse (Mediatoren) sowie weitere Rahmenbedingungen (Moderatoren) untersucht werden.
Insgesamt wurden drei Versuchsreihen in drei angewandten Kontexten durchgeführt (Rechtsprechung, Verkauf und Dienstleistungen). Diese Bereiche stehen exemplarisch für eine große Anzahl von Situationen, in denen Temperatur das Urteilen und Handeln von Menschen beeinflussen kann (insbesondere alle Situationen, in denen Menschen sich gegenseitig wahrnehmen und miteinander interagieren). Zur Manipulation von Temperatur wurden verschiedene Methoden angewandt. Dies umfasste sowohl semantische Temperaturprimings als auch die systematische Variation der Raumtemperatur. Dabei wurde die Raumtemperatur unter Berücksichtigung bauphysikalischer Gesichtspunkte erfasst und innerhalb einer Komfortzone manipuliert.
Die Ergebnisse aus allen Experimenten der vorliegenden Forschungsarbeit zeigen, dass Temperatur das Urteilen und Handeln von Menschen entscheidend beeinflussen kann.
Ergebnisse aus dem ersten Laborexperiment (Kontext Rechtsprechung) legen nahe, dass die Beurteilung von Verbrechern signifikant von der Raumtemperatur, die innerhalb einer Komfortzone manipuliert wurde, beeinflusst wird: In einem kühlen Raum wurden Verbrecher als kaltblütiger eingeschätzt, während sie in einem warmen Raum als hitzköpfiger eingestuft wurden. In diesem Zusammenhang schrieben die Teilnehmer bei niedriger Raumtemperatur Verbrechern mit einer höheren Wahrscheinlichkeit Kalkülverbrechen, mehr Morde und schwerere Verbrechen, die mit längeren Gefängnisstrafen verbunden sind, zu (verglichen mit Teilnehmern bei mittlerer und hoher Raumtemperatur). Bei hoher Raumtemperatur hingegen hielten es die Teilnehmehmenden für wahrscheinlicher, dass die Verbrecher ein Affektverbrechen begangen haben (verglichen mit den anderen beiden Bedingungen). Diese Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Temperatur attributionale Prozesse beeinflusst.
In der zweiten Versuchsreihe (Kontext Verkauf) gaben die Teilnehmer bei niedriger Raumtemperatur positivere Konsumentenurteile gegenüber Produkten und Verkaufspersonal ab (im Vergleich zu Teilnehmenden bei mittlerer und hoher Raumtemperatur). Zudem zeigten sie positivere Verhaltenstendenzen gegenüber Produkten und Verkäufer/innen (z.B. eine höhere Kaufwahrscheinlichkeit und eine höhere Bereitschaft, mit Verkaufspersonal ein Beratungsgespräch zu beginnen). Überdies steigerte in einer weiteren Studie ein semantisches Kältepriming den Drang der Teilnehmer, umgehend einen Einkauf zu tätigen (verglichen mit einem Priming von Wärme und einer Kontrollbedingung).
In der dritten Versuchsreihe (Kontext Dienstleistungen) zeigten Personen in einem umfassenden Dienstleistungsszenario bei niedrigen Raumtemperaturen (im Vergleich zu hohen Temperaturen) eine höhere Kundenorientierung – sowohl in kritischen Service-Szenarien als auch in einem Selbstberichtsmaß. Zudem vergaben sie Kunden signfikant höhere Rabatte. Dieser Effekt wurde auch in einer Stichprobe mit erfahrenen Dienstleistern bestätigt, die nach einem semantischen Temperaturpriming eine höhere Kundenorientierung in der Kaltbedingung (im Vergleich zur Warm- und Kontrollbedingung) angaben.
Mithilfe dieses Experiments konnte zudem aufgezeigt werden, dass die gefundenen Effekte unabhängig von menschlicher Routine, Erfahrung und individuellem Wissensstand stattfinden.
Die vorliegende Forschungsarbeit konnte als erste in der Embodied Cognition-Forschung einen Mediationseffekt zwischen Temperatur und Verhaltensvariablen (im Kontext von Konsumentenverhalten) nachweisen. Niedrige Temperaturen führen demnach zu einem erhöhten Anschlussmotiv. Dies wirkt sich wiederum auf das Verhalten von Konsumenten aus (z.B. durch eine höhere Bereitschaft, mit einem/r Verkäufer/in in Interaktion zu treten oder etwas zu kaufen.) Zudem zeigt die vorliegende Arbeit als Erste in diesem Forschungszweig einen Moderationseffekt: In der dritten Versuchsreihe konnte in einer Moderationsanalyse bestätigt werden, dass die Verträglichkeit der Teilnehmenden den Einfluss von Temperatur auf die Gewährung von Kundenrabatten moderierte.
Auf diese Weise liefert die Arbeit nicht nur in verschiedenen Kontexten Erkenntnisse über die Tragweite von Temperatureffekten auf menschliches Urteilen und Handeln – sie gewährt auch wertvolle Einblicke in die zugrundeliegenden Faktoren und Rahmenbedingungen von Temperatureffekten. Abschließend werden die Ergebnisse vor dem Hintergrund theoretischer und praktischer Gesichtspunkte diskutiert sowie künftige Forschungsthemen abgeleitet.
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Ku, Yi-He, and 古宜禾. "The effect of need for uniqueness on consumer decision making." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/382g97.
Full textAbstract:
碩士臺中技術學院
事業經營研究所
97
Recent decision research has found the presence of the extremeness aversion and status quo bias in choice. The extremeness aversion and status quo bias are derived from loss aversion. The principle of loss aversion points out that more weights will be placed on disadvantages（losses）than on the corresponding advantages （gains）.In this context, extremeness aversion refers that, all else being equal, an option with relatively more extreme values tends to be viewed as less attractive over an equivalent option with moderate values. The status quo bias demonstrates that individuals have a tendency to overweight the status quo. Based on the inference that consumer with high need for uniqueness will more emphasize on advantage（gains） than on the corresponding disadvantages（losses）, the present research demonstrates that the extremeness aversion and status quo bias are the functions of consumers’ need for uniqueness. In addition, based on the inference that consumers with high need for uniqueness tend to be risk-taking and consumers with low need for uniqueness tend to be risk-taking, the present research also demonstrates that the variety seeking behavior is a function of consumers’ need for uniqueness. Study 1 demonstrates the effect of consumers’ need for uniqueness on extremeness aversion. The extremeness aversion occurs when consumers are of low need for uniqueness（the proportion of choosing the middle priced option will be higher than the proportion of choosing the low priced and high priced options）, but doesnot occar when consumers are of high need for uniqueness（the proportion of choosing the high priced options will be higher than the proportion of choosing the low priced and middle priced options）. Study 2 demonstrates the effect of consumers’ need for uniqueness on status quo bias. The status quo bias can is present in the condition of consumers with low need for uniqueness（the proportion of un-switching to new alternative will be higher than the proportion of switching to new alternative）, but absent in the condition of consumers with high need for uniqueness（the proportion of switching to new alternative will be higher than the proportion of un-switching to new alternative）. Study 3 demonstrates that the effect of consumers’ need for uniqueness on variety seeking behavior. The extent of variety seeking in the condition of consumers with low need for uniqueness is higher than that in the condition of consumers with high need for uniqueness.
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朱芷葦. "Research on Consumers' Need for Uniqueness and Risk Preference." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25284632131308436169.
Full textAbstract:
碩士明新科技大學
企業管理研究所
95
The purpose of this research was to explore the effect of consumers’ need for uniqueness (NFU) on the risk preference. In addition, the two variables, problems framing and history outcomes, were considered to examine the moderating effect between the NFU and the risk preference. The quasi-experimental method was employed throughout three experiments in this research. The one-way analysis of variance was conducted in Study 1. The independent variable was NFU (high vs. low) whiles the dependent variable was risk preference. The results indicated that participants with high NFU showed higher risk taking than participants with low NFU. In Study 2, a 2 (NFU: high vs. low) × 2 (Problem Framing: positive vs. negative) factional design was utilized. The results illustrated that the participants with high NFU preferred higher risk taking than those with low NFU in the condition of positive framing. However, in the condition of negative framing, there was no significance difference in risk preference between participants with high NFU and low NFU. A 2 (NFU: high vs. low) × 2 (Outcome History: successful vs. unsuccessful), factonial design was employed in the Study 3. The results showed that participants with high NFU preferred higher risk taking than those of the low NFU in condition of successful outcome history. However, in condition of unsuccessful outcome history, there was no significance difference between participants with high NFU and low NFU.
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Yang, Feng Szu, and 楊豐斯. "The Influence of Brand Awareness on Perceived Quality,Consumer’ Need for Uniqueness and Purchase Intention." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/e46eh3.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大葉大學
管理學院碩士在職專班
103
Nowadays smartphone is already a major communication tools between people, but a large gap between the main selling brand; emerging brands to seize the market in addition to the use of low-cost marketing techniques and strategies to seize market share; however, due to market size expansion slowed compared bound to both brands to carve a market share of consideration; therefore commodity to address the unique needs of consumers, in order to attract the attention of consumers. In this study, convenience sampling method to use mobile phones and international brands emerging brands consumers for the study, conducted a questionnaire survey. Distributed 350 questionnaires are expected to use hierarchical regression analysis to verify the hypothesis, smart phones of different brands internationally unique needs of consumers whether they would have an impact, thereby affecting their willingness to buy.
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Motale, Matebello Dieketseng Bethsheba. "Black Generation Y male students' fashion consciousness and need for uniqueness / Matebello Dieketseng Bethsheba Motale." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/14709.
Full textAbstract:
While there have been numerous studies directed at addressing the female Generation Y cohort’s fashion consumption patterns, there is a dearth of published research focused on male consumer fashion conscious behaviour, especially not that of the African Generation Y (hereafter referred to as black Generation Y) males. There are global indications that contemporary males are engaging in fashion apparel shopping more frequently than ever before. Moreover, unlike past generations, today’s male consumers have become increasingly fashion aware and fashion conscious, taking care of their looks and developing their own fashion style. Born between 1986 and 2005, in 2013, black Generation Y individuals made up approximately 83 percent of South Africa’s total Generation Y cohort and 38 percent of the country’s 52 981 991 population. In 2013, black Generation Y males accounted for an estimated 42 percent of the South African population. As a consequence of its size, the black Generation Y male market segment represents a potentially lucrative and attractive market for apparel retailers and fashion marketers. Marketers are particularly interested in those individuals pursuing tertiary qualifications given that a higher education ultimately acts as a predictor of their higher future spending potential and an indication of their social standing and influence within a society. The aim of this study was to determine the causal relationships between black Generation Y male students’ need for uniqueness, fashion awareness, fashion consciousness and fashion conscious behaviour in order to model the determinants of black Generation Y male students fashion conscious behaviour. A self-administered questionnaire was administered on a single cross-sectional sample of 400 black Generation Y male students at three university campuses in the Gauteng province in 2013 – one from a comprehensive university, one from a university of technology and one from a traditional university. From the administered questionnaires, 213 were completed and returned as usable. The collected data was analysed by means of exploratory factor analysis, reliability and validity analysis, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. In addition, structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to test a proposed model derived from the literature. According to the results of the SEM analysis, black Generation Y males’ fashion awareness has a significant positive influence on their fashion consciousness, and their fashion consciousness has a significant positive influence on their fashion conscious behaviour. In terms of the dimensions of the need for uniqueness, unpopular choice has a significant positive influence on black Generation Y male students’ fashion awareness, whilst creative choice has a significant positive influence on their fashion consciousness, and avoidance of similarity has a direct significant positive influence on their fashion conscious behaviour. Furthermore, the findings suggest that their fashion consciousness is reliant on their fashion awareness, which in turn influences their fashion conscious behaviour. Findings from this study will aid marketers’ in better understanding black Generation Y male students’ fashion conscious behaviour. Furthermore, the recommendations provided suggest marketing strategy guidelines tailored at effectively targeting this market segment.PhD (Marketing Management)--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2015
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Chen, Ming-Ju, and 陳銘如. "A study of consumer innovativeness, need for uniqueness and purchase intention - A case of purchasing smartphone." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22fsfd.
Full textAbstract:
碩士義守大學
管理碩博士班
102
In recent yesrs, majority of people owns and uses smartphone wherever and whenever in their daily life, which even replaces peoples’ needs on personal computer and laptops. Design innovations of the smartphone are essential and consumers’ needs on uniqueness and distinctness are accumulating its significance as well; Smartphone manufactuer are transforming their manufacturing style from “mass production” to “small-volume but large-variety production” to compromise consumers’ demand. Basing on phone functionality, with Visual attractions on the industrial design aspets actually fulfills people’s needs on product uniqueness and distinctness. Questionnaire method was used in my case study to explore and validate consumers’ needs on innovations and distinctness when purchasing their Smartphone, and surveying their desire and acceptability when new Smartphone is launched onto market. The study is conducted by a convenience sampling survey to the smartphone users in Kaohsiung City with the questionnaires developed by author. The data of this study is analysis by Descriptive Statistics, Reliability Test, Factor Analysis, Relative Analysis, Independent t test, Regression Analysis and ANOVA.The findings of the study are as follows:Consumer innovativeness is positive to purchase intention.Crentvie choice counter conformity of need for uniqueness no interference adoptive innovativeness, use innovativeness and purchase intention. Unpopular choice counter conformity of need for uniqueness interference adoptive innovativeness, use innovativeness and purchase intention.Avoidance of similiarity counter conformity of need for uniqueness no interference adoptive innovativeness, use innovativeness and purchase intention.Different demographic variable possess partial influences on consumers’ needs of innovative and uniqueness.
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Wu, Ying-Yin, and 吳瑛茵. "The Effects of Product Scarcity and Consumer's Need for Uniqueness on Purchase Intention." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88501040573304552016.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
國際企業研究所碩博士班
97
Scarcity strategies are employed by marketers in an attempt to influence consumer’s decision-making. Famous brands like NIKE, Apple, and Swatch have designed and produced limited-edition products specifically to stress the unavailability of products, thereby intensifying the desire for owning the products (Brannon & McCabe, 2001). Therefore, as the market environments become more and more dynamic and complex, it is essential for marketers to correctly deliver scarcity messages to consumers and then motivate their purchase intentions. However, scarcity effects were examined with very limited aspects, very rare studies investigated simultaneously the impacts of multiple mediating and moderating variables that sufficiently explains the value-enhancement of scarcity strategies. For example, based on the need for uniqueness theory, consumers’ need for uniqueness can be viewed as a moderator of scarcity effects on valuation process. The conceptual framework of Lynn’s S-E-D model and Monroe and Krishnan’s price-perceived quality model also try to explain the scarcity effects from the perspectives of expensive-quality-value mechanisms. However, none of the previous studies have integrated these theories into a more comprehensive model to explain the phenomenon of scarcity. This study intends to fill this research gap by integrating relevant theories and developing a more comprehensive research framework to fully understand how scarcity affects consumers’ value perceptions and purchase intents as well as the moderating role of need for uniqueness. Based on the purpose of this study, the hypotheses are developed to examine. Questionnaires are used to collect data, and 285 completed questionnaires are put into analysis. Statistical methods, including factor analysis, reliability tests, hierarchical regression, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and structure equation model (SEM) are used for further examination. According to the results of this study, several results are made as follows: (1) The effects of scarcity have significantly positive impacts on perceived value and purchase intention through mediating mechanisms-assumed expensiveness, perceived quality, perceived sacrifice, and perceived uniqueness; (2) The effect of perceived quality has no negative impact on perceived sacrifice; (3) Perceived uniqueness has a significantly positive impact on perceived sacrifice; (4) The moderating effect of need for uniqueness has a significant impact on the relationship between perceived uniqueness and perceived value.
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Liu, Yu-Tung, and 劉育彤. "The Relationship Among Aesthetics Experience, Consumer Need for Uniqueness and Purchase Intention: A Case Study of Taipei City Select Shop." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/855s9f.
Full textAbstract:
碩士輔仁大學
織品服裝學系碩士班
106
Due to the raise of Capital National Income of Taiwanese, it changes their lifestyle and purchase behavior. Consumers nowadays value more about the aesthetic of products than its practicality. To fulfill the aesthetic need of the consumers, merchants blend aesthetic into business. They put aesthetic elements into the products and shopping space to attract consumer’s attention. Behind these products and shopping space, there is a symbolic meaning which comes from the cultural side or the inspiration story of products and the decorations. People use the symbolic meaning of the products to show their special taste and style, also makes them feel different from others. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between aesthetic experience and purchase intention. Meanwhile, the study uses consumer need for uniqueness as a moderator variable to examine how it effect the relationship between aesthetic experience and purchase intention. Also, brings in the new business model called Select Shop into to further discussion. This study adopted questionnaire survey, and the subjects are Taiwan consumers who have shopping experience in Select Shop. 345 valid samples are collected. The study shows that consumer need for uniqueness has influence among the aesthetic experience and purchase intention, there are some different between high consumer need for uniqueness group and low consumer need for uniqueness group.
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Tapadinhas, Ana Rita Duarte. "The joint effects of product uniqueness and brand awareness on consumers’ attitudes and intentions." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/38690.
Full textAbstract:
Brands often try to attract consumers with desire for uniqueness by offering
customizable or one-of-a-kind items. However, brand awareness might decrease the
perception of uniqueness associated to these items: a widespread brand may cause the
products to seem less unique, while an unknown brand may enhance the consumers’ feeling
of differentness. In this research, after verifying that consumers’ perceptions about an item’s
uniqueness are influenced by its brand’s brand awareness, I investigate the effects of the
interactions between a product’s uniqueness (or its perceived uniqueness), its brand and the
consumers’ need for uniqueness on consumer-related variables.
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Jing, Houy-Min, and 井慧敏. "The Impacts of Consumers' Need for Uniqueness and Materialism on Luxury Consumption: A Perspective from Female Consumers." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70508440002840942952.
Full textAbstract:
碩士輔仁大學
織品服裝學系
96
ABSTRACT The Impacts of Consumers’ Need for Uniqueness and Materialism on Luxury Consumption: A Perspective from Female Consumers (Total Pages 67) AUTHOR: Huoy-Min Jing SUPERVISOR: Dr.Ta-Kuang Hsu DEGREE: MS Textiles and Clothing Fu Jen catholic University Graduate Institute of Textiles and Clothing Textiles & Fashion Business and Consumer Studies Section DATE OF GRADUATION: December 28, 2007 KEY WORDS: Need for Uniqueness, Materialism, Luxury Consumption The purpose of this study was to exam the relationship between the motivations of consumer and the purchasing behaviors of consumer towards luxury goods. The theory was based on McAlister and Pessemier’s (1982) variety-seeking model. The motivations of consumers include the need for uniqueness (McAlister and Pessemier, 1982; Snyder and Fromkin, 1980) and materialism (Belk, 1990; Richins and Dawson, 1992). Behaviors of purchasing luxury goods can be divided into status consumption and hedonic consumption. This study also tested the potential moderating roles of involvement with luxury goods and self-monitoring sensitivity. This study was focused on female consumers due to their growing importance for the luxury market. In the current study, a total of 271 valid responses were collected. Two-stage data analysis with LISREL 8.54 was utilized to test the measurement and structural model. In addition, regression analysis was performed to examine the moderating effects. This study found that consumers’ need for uniqueness has no direct impacts on both status and hedonic consumption. However, materialism has direct impacts on these two kinds of luxury consumption. The results also indicated that consumers’ involvement of luxury goods only moderated the relationship between materialism and luxury consumption. Additionally, self-monitoring sensitivity has moderating effects on the relationship between materialism and luxury consumption, as well as on the relationship between consumers’ need for uniqueness and hedonic luxury consumption. Finally, a number of marketing implications, research directions, and limitations were provided.
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Chang, Yi-Chun, and 張翊君. "The Effect of Need for Uniqueness on Consumers'' Intention of Word-of-Mouth." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/he6g77.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
行銷傳播管理研究所
103
This study was designed to investigate psychological dilemma for who with a high need for uniqueness wants to show off, but also fear of being imitative and unique disappears, and it leads to different intentions on word of mouth. The studies also explore the interference by temporal focus and regulatory focus on word of mouth intentions. In this study, the empirical examination design was adopted, with two experiments to verify five hypothesis.Study1 for 2 x 3( need for uniqueness vs. temporal focus) between groups design, and Study2 for 2 x 2( need for uniqueness vs. regulatory focus).The results found that the need for uniqueness will affect the intent on word of mouth, high need for uniqueness have higher dilemma and intention to scare than the low need for uniqueness, and in the situations of focusing on future time and prevention, the impact of the dilemma of the need for uniqueness is not significant. The results of the study complement the topics on word of mouth, which didn’t discussed in the context of temporal focus and temporal focus for academic gap, and provided practical reference to business or marketers.
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Yang, Tsun-Chung, and 楊存忠. "The Study of Bicycle''s Industry, Consumers’ Need for Uniqueness, and Purchase Intention." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73505337515584832102.
Full textAbstract:
碩士樹德科技大學
經營管理研究所
102
This study explored the effect of consumer need for uniqueness and demand for product uniqueness on bicycle consumers’ purchase intention. There were 430 questionnaires conducted and 360 (83.7%) valid questionnaires obtained. Results showed that the higher the need for uniqueness, the higher the desire of product uniqueness consumers has. Consumers’ demand for product uniqueness mediated the relationship between their need for uniqueness and purchase intention. Research implications and future research directions were provided.
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Shiau, Ya-Yun, and 蕭雅云. "The Impact of Brand Logo Prominence on Consumer Behavior: The Moderator Roles of Need for Uniqueness, Luxury Brand and New Customers or Old Customers." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94751804168497945567.
Full textAbstract:
碩士靜宜大學
企業管理學系
99
Past research showed that brand logo affected consumer’s brand recognition, and evoke consumer’s positive emotions, and then, affect consumer willingness to buy. However, a little studies were to explore that the impact of brand logo prominence on consumer behavior. Besides, consumer’s needs for uniqueness trait, luxury or non-luxury brand and new and old customers to buy luxury brands, whether the relationship will make the aforementioned change, important issues are yet to be clarified. Therefore, the purposes of this research are to explore the impact of brand logo prominence on purchase intention, product evaluation, overall attitude, and overall liking, and further explore the moderator roles of consumer’s need for uniqueness, luxury or non-luxury brand and new and old customers to buy luxury brands. Statistic methods including ANOVA, MANOVA and MANCOVA are used to approach the analysis. Empirical results have demonstrated that: (1) when the brand logo is moderate, the customer's purchase intention is significantly higher than the other two presentation (highly and lowly present).(2)As to the customers that have high need for uniqueness , when the brand logo prominence in the product evaluation and overall liking is moderate, it has significantly better than the other presentation(highly and lowly present). (3)When the brand is luxury, the highly prominence of brand logo will significantly increase customer's purchase intention, product evaluation, overall attitude and overall liking. (4)When the brand is non-luxury, the lowly prominence of brand logo will make customer have better purchase intention, product evaluation, overall attitude and overall liking. However, (5) the new and old customer of luxury brand do not significantly moderate the relationships between prominence of brand logo and customer's behavior. According to this study, we suggest that:(1)The enterprises should pay more attention to the prominence of the logo symbol on their products, so that they can acquire higher purchase intention, product evaluation, overall attitude and overall liking from the target customer.(2)If target customers of the enterprises have high need for uniqueness characteristics, the presentation of logo prominence should be moderate, so that it can acquire higher product evaluation and overall attitude from the customer. (3)The enterprises of luxury and non-luxury brand both have to keep an eye on the presentation of the logo symbol on their products, so that they can acquire higher purchase intention, product evaluation, overall attitude and overall liking from the target customer.
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Tu, Yuling, and 涂鈺羚. "An Analysis Of The Purchase Decision Based On Lovers’ And Couples’ Spending Tendency And Consumers’ Need For Uniqueness." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24276930076687825402.
Full textAbstract:
碩士義守大學
企業管理學系
100
This study aims to investigate lovers’ and couples’ psychological effects of projection, introjection, conflicts, spending tendency, and consumers’ needs for uniqueness on purchase decision order. Firstly, this study is to give out questionnaires to 321 lovers and couples in pairs and 244 individuals who have lover and examined the null hypothesis. Then an in-depth interview technique was applied to collect qualitative data from 4 men and 4 women who have already married or have lover. On the basis of the interview results, we synthesized the psychological factors affecting lovers’ and couples’ purchase decisions. The findings showed that under the avoidance-avoidance conflicts, people easily give the priority considerations to their lover in purchase decisions. In any conflicts or situations, men have much more concentrations on lover’s preference than women. People who have high likelihood of introjection or more needs for uniqueness are likely to choose their liking first. Spendthrifts also tend to do the same decision. When people respond high levels of self-relevance to the product, they give top priority to benefit themselves. Furthermore, “love” will certainly affect purchase decisions order. When facing their own lover, most people abandon their priority to please their lover.
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Shih, Siang-Yi, and 施湘怡. "The Mediating Effect of Consumers’ Need for Uniqueness on the Relationship between Ego Identity and Satisfaction with Life." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jn3a6a.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大葉大學
國際企業管理學系碩士班
103
How to elevate people’s life satisfaction? What kind of people are the most satisfied with their life? Are the wealthy more satisfied than the poor? Do people who get more education sense more sensation of satisfaction? The questions described above are the inspirations of the study. This study explores the mediating effect of consumers’ need for uniqueness on the relationship of ego identity and satisfaction with life. Based on the purpose of this study, the hypotheses are developed to examine. Questionnaires were used to collect data, and 800 completed questionnaires were put into analysis. Data was collected through the web-based questionnaire and the written questionnaire. Statistical methods, including factor analysis, reliability tests, hierarchical regression, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for further examination. According to the results of this study, the positive relationship between ego identity and SWL, ego identity and CNFU, CNFU and SWL, and the mediating effect of CNFU were supported. At last, the managerial implications, limitations and the future research suggestions were introduced.
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Yu, Ya-Wen, and 游雅雯. "The Impact of Retail Out-of-stock Options on Preferences: The Role of Consumers’ Need for Uniqueness versus Conformity." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/yrsape.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東吳大學
國際經營與貿易學系
101
This study tested the hypothesis that customers’ need for uniqueness or conformity moderates the effect on their initial preference for a particular product of their discovery in the store of a previously unconsidered comparable alternative, which happens to be presently out of stock. In the study 1, participants who were been primed as independent exhibited a stronger preference for the option originally under consideration if the alternative was out of stock out due to heavy demand rather than short supply. By comparison, participants whose self-concept was primed as interdependent exhibited a weaker preference for the initial option if the alternative product was unavailable due to heavy demand, not short supply. Study 2 examines consumers’ need for uniqueness as a moderator of the impact of retail out-of-stock options on preferences. The results showed that high-uniqueness individuals experienced increased preference for the initial option if they were told that a comparable alternative was out of stock due to heavy demand, not short supply, whereas the converse holds true for low-uniqueness individuals. Study 3 also examines the moderated effect of consumers’ conformity and the results revealed that high-conformity individuals exhibited a weaker preference for the initial option if the alternative product was unavailable due to heavy demand, not short supply, whereas the low-conformity exhibited a converse hold.
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周怡璇. "The influence of brand awareness, product scarcity and consumer’s need for uniqueness toward consumer’s attitude—Taking limited edition bag as example." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99490243459518580527.
Full text
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Yang, Shu-Han, and 楊舒涵. "The Influence of Social Virtual Product Experience on Social Shopping Value－Consumers’ Need for Uniqueness and Product Type as Moderators." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ga943c.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
經營管理系碩士班
101
This research focuses on the influence of different types of social virtual product experience(SVPE) on social shopping value, which moderated by consumers’need for uniqueness (CNFU) and product types. In study 1, we can understand the types of social virtual product experience through intensive interview and focus group interview. The study 2 adopts the research results of study 1 to design the two types of website (c2c giving SVPE and b2c exchange SVPE), to examine the interaction between consumers’need for uniqueness, product types and social virtual product experience. The result found that: high- uniqueness consumers’ social shopping value and purchase intention for publicly consumed products are higher than low-uniqueness consumers on the situation of b2c exchange SVPE. In addition, low- uniqueness consumers’ social shopping value and purchase intention for publicly consumed products are higher than high-uniqueness consumers on the situation of c2c giving SVPE. Whether SVPE is exchange or giving, purchase intention is no difference for privately consumed products between high and low uniqueness consumers.
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Jiang, Min-Cyun, and 江敏群. "The Moderating Effect of Consumers’ Need for Uniqueness and Product Type on the Brand Attitude and Purchase Intention of Mere Virtual Presence Experience." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f87kfm.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
經營管理系碩士班
102
With the development of Internet services, online social media has become the most popular modern interactive platform, also leads the rise of social shopping and change people''s consumption behavior mode. Therefore, the main study was to investigate that whether the mere virtual presence experience: Mere Virtual Presence (MVP) and Mere Virtual Presence with Product Experience (MVPE) brand communities and pure brand website would affect consumers’ brand attitude and purchase intention. Besides, using Consumers’ Need for Uniqueness (CNFU) and product type as moderators to discussed the relationship. The results are: low CNFU consumers with search product prefer MVPE brand community. For experience product, MVP and MVPE brand communities have the same preference.
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HSU, WEN-SHUO, and 許文碩. "The Effects of Consumer’s Need for Uniqueness and Limited-edition Strategy on Perceived Value and Purchase Intention—for Example NIKE JORDAN BRAND SHOES." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rjpc6n.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東吳大學
企業管理學系
102
This study want to research the effects of consumer’s need for uniqueness and limited-edition strategy on perceived value and consumer’s purchase intention, and use example NIKE JORDAN BRAND SHOES, in recent years, basketball shoes gradually transformed into fashion item, NIKE JORDAN BRAND SHOES has always been everyone's collection, When people wearing JORDAN SHOES will feel unique and distinctive, and consumers have unique demand characteristics are affected by the product scarcity and limited-edition strategy, will have an impact on perceived value and purchase intention. Based on the results of data analysis : 1.There is a positive relationship between the limited-edition strategy for consumer’s perceived value and purchase intention 2.Consumer’s need for uniqueness have positive interference between consumer’s perceived value and purchase intention