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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Consumer right

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Academic literature on the topic 'Consumer right'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Consumer right"

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Rawal, Dhabindra. "Perception of Consumer Rights among the College Students: A Case of Tikapur Municipality." Contemporary Research: An Interdisciplinary Academic Journal 3, no. 1 (2019): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/craiaj.v3i1.27486.

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This study aims at examining consumes’ perception towards marketing practices and consumer rights in Tikapur Municipality, Kailali based on an empirical study of college students in connection to John Kennedy’s bill of four consumer rights, namely, the right to safety, the right to be informed, the right to choose, and the right to be heard. This study depends on a convenience sample of 60 students selected from Management, Education and Humanities faculties studying in graduate level at Tikapur Multiple Campus and Birendra Vidhya Mandir Campus at Tikapur, with a structured questionnaire to measure consumer attitudes regarding the four basic consumer rights, utilizing a fivepoint Likert Scale for measurement. The overall findings communicate that the current consumers’ attitudes towards marketing practices related to protection of consumer rights is low favorable, indicating that more work will be needed for improvement. This study explores the status of perceived consumer rights for the first time in study area. It suggests marketers and public policy makers to pay more attention to the current status of consumer rights, and formulate more useful legislations with implications for better business strategies.

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Shaheen, Yaser. "CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF CONSUMER PROTECTION IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION AND FINANCIAL CRISES - THE CASE OF PALESTINE." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 9 (2020): 887–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/11738.

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This study aims at clarifying the concept and dimensions of consumer rights, and at diagnosing the reality of consumer rights represented in the (right to choose, right to safety, right to be heard and right to be informed). The descriptive approach was the one used for the purpose of this study. The current study was conducted on consumers of some basic goods and services. A facilitated sample consisting of (100) people was used. The blank questionnaire method was used to obtain the primary data.The results show that there is an increase in the frequency of consumer rights violations in light of globalization and the repercussions of the financial crisis due to the Corona virus crisis. It was found that the consumer rights watchdogs knowledge of global consumer rights regulations was very limited, and that their ability to know and meet consumer rights is weak. There are few contributions by researchers in addressing the importance of consumer rights in the Palestinian reality. In addition, there is a retreat in the provision of safety and protection requirements in some of the products offered in the Palestinian consumer market. The role of the government and regulatory authorities such as consumer protection and the Ministry of Economy in providing information of interest and providing protection Sustainable for consumers is weak as well.

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Febriansyah, Ferry Irawan. "Perlindungan Hukum Pada Konsumen Dalam Transaksi Jual Beli Onlinee-Commerce Ferry Irawan Febriansyah." Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 1, no. 2 (2017): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24269/ls.v1i2.771.

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Globalization era forms society character being advanced. People often do buying and selling activities in an easy way, which is in the form of buying and selling goods in the internet or online. It is called as online commerce or e-commerce. Using online-commerce, people do not need to go out to spend their time buying for their living goods. Online-commerce facilitates people easily in trading. Saving time is becoming a reason for them to do online commerce. The method used in online-commerce is almost the same as offline commerce. Online commerce offers a lot of convenience for both sellers and buyers in transaction. This certainly has a lot of convenience, but it also has weaknesses in online transactions. For consumers, they get less-notice for protection so that online-commerce has a lot of weaknesses in this case. The Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia is a legal state that protects the whole of Indonesia's blood spill. The State becomes a protector of its citizens in the context of consumer protection. The law has arranged that consumers also have protection in order not to cause any harm in transaction. Both offline and online transactions are regulated by consumer protection laws because these laws are intended to protect consumers in buying and selling transactions. In the law number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection is mentioned in article 1, paragraph 2, that the Customer is any user of goods and/ or services available in the community, whether for self-interest, family, other people or other living beings and not to be traded, whereas in Article 1 paragraph 1 mentioned, Consumer protection is any effort that ensures the legal certainty to give to the consumer. There are several consumer rights protected by law, such as, in article 4 of the consumer protection law including, the right to convenience, security and safety in consuming goods and / or services, the right to choose goods and/ or services and right to obtain goods and/ or services in accordance with exchange rates and the promised conditions and warranties, the right to true, clear and honest information about the conditions and warranties of goods and / or services, the right to be heard and to complain of goods and / or services used, the right to advocacy, protection and appropriate dispute resolution of consumer protection, the right to counsel and education of consumers, the right to be treated or served properly and honestly and non-discriminatively, the right to compensation and / or reimbursement , if the goods and / or services received are not in accordance with the agreement or not as appropriate, and the last is the rights set in the provisions of other legislation.The consumers’ rights that have been regulated in the law are providing legal protection to the consumer either online transaction or offline transactions. Based on the law of protection to the consumer in the context of online-commerce, the consumers can apply this law to sue their rights that have been mandated in the law as a form of legal protection to consumers.

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Janah, Tutik Nurul. "UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN MUSLIM DAN NON-MUSLIM MELALUI SERTIFIKASI HALAL DAN TRANSPARANSI KOMPOSISI PRODUK MAKANAN." Islamic Review : Jurnal Riset dan Kajian Keislaman 9, no. 1 (2020): 65–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35878/islamicreview.v9i1.186.

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The purpose of consumer protection rules is to improve protection against consumers by avoiding the negative effects. Halal certification requirements on food products are also a country protection effort against consumers. Consumers have the right to know the content of food and beverages they will consume. During this time, halal certification is synonymous with Muslim community needs. However, it is not only Muslims who have religious rules regarding food. For example, Christians and Hindus also have rules regarding food. Indonesia as a multicultural-multireligious country, should attention to this diversity. If the certification of halal products only targets the needs of Muslims only, then how with non-Muslim consumer protection efforts related to their right to know the content of food, cosmetics and medicines are not contradictory Their religious. This research is a research library with a normative juridical approach. This research aims to give readers an understanding of the principles related to halal certification, especially on food products. The research is also important to provide an understanding of the relationship between halal certification and transparency of food product composition with the fulfillment of Muslim and non-Muslim consumer rights.

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Mason, Roger Bruce. "Consumer protection awareness in South Africa." World Journal of Retail Business Management 1, no. 1 (2007): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.51415/10321/3358.

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This paper addresses the lack of knowledge about awareness of consumer protection in South Africa, especially amongst disadvantaged consumers. Literature shows that there is a high correlation between the level of economic development and the awareness of consumer rights. The more developed a country is, the more aware its people will be in terms of their consumer rights. The less developed a country is, the lower the level of consumer rights awareness consumers will have. Consumers, like any other citizens of a country, have a right to be protected by the law. Private and nongovernmental organisations and the consumer councils should to ensure that the interests and rights of consumers are well protected. The study involved a literature review and an exploratory empirical study into the effect of income and education on awareness of consumer protection by a sample of Durban consumers. A strong, positive relationship between consumer protection awareness and income and education was found. Recommendations for actions which should improve consumer protection awareness amongst low income, poorly educated consumers, are suggested in, this study, while, further research to develop a deeper understanding of the problem, and are also suggested.

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Huda, Rahmatul. "EKSISTENSI KHIYAR DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 8 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN DI TOKO MODERN (Analisis Hukum Ekonomi Syariah)." Al-Banjari : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman 15, no. 1 (2016): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18592/al-banjari.v15i1.818.

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Indonesia is a country that is predominantly Muslim, so that Muslim consumers certainly get the protection of the goods and/or services in accordance with Islamic law. Because the protection of the rights of every citizen of Indonesia. Khiyar is one form of consumer protection in Islam. Surely, khiyar as one of the forms to protect the rights of Muslim consumers are contained in the Consumer Protection Law. This thesis aims to determine: (1) Existence khiyar in Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, and (2) Analysis of the existence of khiyar in Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection. This research is a normative law (normative legal research), namely legal research conducted by examining the legal material. The approach taken in this study is the statute approach and the conceptual approach. Based on the method used produced the conclusion that the existence khiyar in Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, contained in article 4, which khiyar aib and khiyar syarath with the right to safety (article 4 letter a), khiyar majlis and khiyar ta'yin with the right to choose (article 4 letter b), khiyar tadlis and khiyar aib with the right to be informed (article 4 letter c and h), and khiyar ru'yah with the right to be heard (article 4 letter d ). Existence khiyar in article 4 of the Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection in terms of the Islamic economic law in accordance with the rules of fiqh, maqasid shari'ah, and fiqh.

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Amar, Andi Arfyan Priatama. "TVI Express Member Rights based on Consumer Protection Perspective." SIGn Jurnal Hukum 3, no. 2 (2022): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v3i2.129.

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This study aims to determine that TVI Express members get rights as consumers based on the perspective of consumer protection. This type of research is empirical legal research. The interview method was used to obtain research data. The data obtained in this study were then analyzed qualitatively. The results show that TVI Express members do not get rights as consumers based on the perspective of consumer protection. The rights that TVI Express members do not obtain are the right to correct, transparent, and honest information regarding the conditions and guarantees of TVI Express products. In addition, TVI Express members did not get the right to have their opinions and complaints heard on TVI Express service products that could not be used. Furthermore, TVI Express members do not get the right to obtain compensation or replacement from TVI Express. Therefore, it is recommended that legal certainty on consumer protection for TVI Express members can be realized. In this case, practical steps are needed from the government, especially BPSK, to take firm action against TVI Express business actors. In addition, it takes an active role from the community to continue to provide information and complaints if they feel the MLM business has harmed them. In this case, the government, especially BPSK, can suppress the MLM business to be responsible to its members and consumers.

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Hijawati, Hijawati. "PEREDARAN OBAT ILLEGAL DITINJAU DARI HUKUM PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN." Solusi 18, no. 3 (2020): 394–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.36546/solusi.v18i3.310.

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Every person has the right to live a healthy life, various efforts or methods if someone is sick and wants to deal with his complaint or illness with various medicines in order to recover his condition. In the era of globalization, free trade occurs which results in goods and or services in circulation that do not guarantee the security, safety and health of consumers. The free circulation of illegal drugs is still in demand by some consumers, this is because these drugs are easy to obtain and sell freely at any drug store. Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, the Government of Indonesia regulates consumer rights that must be protected. In the Consumer Protection Act, it provides appreciation for consumer rights universally, because consumer protection is part of protecting human rights.

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Ali, Paul, Evgenia Bourova, and Ian Ramsay. "The Statutory Right to Seek a Credit Contract Variation on the Grounds of Hardship: A History and Analysis." Federal Law Review 44, no. 1 (2016): 77–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0067205x1604400104.

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In this article, we focus on one of the most important statutory protections for Australian consumers in financial hardship: the right to seek a variation of a credit contract contained in s 72 of the National Credit Code. We provide a comprehensive history of this right, which has been part of Australian consumer credit law since the 1970s. Over the years, it has evolved from a very limited right to seek an extension of time to pay a debt on grounds of illness and unemployment, to a broader provision that requires credit providers to comply with a prescribed process before they can commence enforcement action against a consumer who has sought a variation to their payment arrangements. We also undertake an analysis of the evolution of this right to demonstrate that despite improved understandings of the causes of financial hardship, it continues to envisage a middle-class subject with a strong awareness of their rights, and excludes some particularly vulnerable consumers. This right is also representative of a regulatory approach that envisages a limited role for consumer credit law, and does not sufficiently address the imbalance of bargaining power between the consumer and the credit provider. We argue for the imposition of an obligation to provide a minimum range of hardship assistance directly upon credit providers, as a means of addressing this imbalance and ensuring more meaningful protection for consumers in financial hardship.

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Sasidharan, Sharath. "All Is Right with the World." International Journal of Technology Diffusion 6, no. 4 (2015): 78–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijtd.2015100105.

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Business-to-Consumer e-commerce vendors view consumer trust as an important determinant of purchasing intent. Based on the cognitive dissonance and schema-congruity theories, this paper examines the impact of schema-congruity between the website design elements of color and typography with the product context in impacting trust. Websites perceived as compatible with subconsciously internalized belief systems and hence deemed schema-congruent by consumers are expected to engender higher levels of trust. A controlled experimental study involving 128 participants spanning eight different schema-congruency conditions was conducted. Results indicated that completely schema-congruent websites engendered higher levels of trust. Partially schema-congruent and schema-incongruent websites registered significantly lower levels of trust due to cognitive dissonance arising out of their incompatibility with consumer belief systems. The judicious selection of color and typography perceived as schema-congruent with the product context can serve to enhance consumer trust in e-commerce websites.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Consumer right"

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Watson, Jonathon [Verfasser]. "Das Right to Reject im Consumer Rights Act 2015 / Jonathon Watson." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1160312427/34.

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Wong, Sau-lim Tim. "Airline revenue management passenger right and protection /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31633183.

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王守廉 and Sau-lim Tim Wong. "Airline revenue management: passenger right and protection." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31633183.

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Crounse, Shane. "The fair information principles : a comparison of U.S. and Canadian privacy policy as applied to the private sector /." Online version of thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/8638.

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Bellman, Suzanne Beth. "I would rather be happy than right: Consumer impulsivity, risky decision making, and accountability." Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2821.

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Consumer impulsivity accounts for a large percentage of purchases yet this aspect of personality is measured with a variety of instruments. Three studies were conducted to examine how measures of consumer impulsiveness relate to each other, other measures of trait level impulsivity, and a variety of decisions and judgments. These studies looked at the relationship between biases resulting from motivated reasoning and the trait of impulsiveness. Motivated reasoning and impulsiveness was considered within the context of consumer and other choice decisions. Consumer impulsivity was found to be related to both general measures of trait level impulsivity as well as containing a lot of content overlap among the three measures considered here. One measure was distinct and formed its own factor in a factor analysis suggesting it may be the most specific measure of consumer impulsivity. The other measures of consumer impulsivity overlapped quite a bit with general impulsivity. The Iowa Gambling Task was used to measure both choice behavior and anticipatory SCR, however no significant results were found. The cups task, a risky decision making task, was also administered and results mirrored classic findings such that participants were more risk averse in the domain of gains than losses. Additionally, both expected value and outcome magnitude influenced results. Individuals who scored higher on the UPPS urgency subscale made more risk advantageous choices when looking at sensitivity to expected value. The third task assessed differences in purchase time for hedonic and utilitarian items. Impulsive consumers reported they would purchase both hedonic and utilitarian items sooner than their less impulsive counterparts.

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Nelson, Thérése, and Jessica Nilsson. "Nudging in the right direction : A qualitative study on nudging online grocery store environments." Thesis, Jönköping University, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-52785.

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Problem: Nudging has come to be widely used by organizations who wish to influence the choices of their consumers. This concept has been greatly praised, criticized, discussed, and researched; however, this has mostly been set in offline environments, making nudging in online environments an area in need of further research. Over the last couple of years, grocery store e-commerce has increased immensely in popularity, a trend that is predicted to last and grow. Due to this, companies that offer online shopping will be required to understand and adapt in order to stay in the game. Purpose: This paper is an attempt to increase the knowledge of digital nudging and its usefulness, as a way to cope with a drastic demand change within the grocery store industry. The purpose of this study is to examine how nudging can be used to improve online shopping experience in the grocery store industry in Sweden. This paper is intended for students and professionals in business administration, and as well for nudge architects in the online grocery storeindustry. Method: This research is a qualitative study that has been conducted under an interpretivist paradigm with a dual research approach, deductive and inductive. Data have been collected through a literature review, one interview with a field expert within grocery store nudging, and nineconsumer families. After analyzing these data, conclusions could be drawn in answer to the study purpose. Conclusion: The main conclusion drawn from this study is that there are such large differences in consumer behavior in online versus offline environments that it is practically impossible to transfer nudges without making any adaptations or changes to the environment and/or the consumers behavior. Rather than trying to convert analog nudges to digital, the authors found that listening to the consumers’ wishes is the best way to find inspiration for digital nudge creation.

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Mohammed, Nazar A. "Specific challenges of consumer protection in distance selling contracts : a comparison of the laws of England and Iraq on the duty to provide pre-contractual information and the right of cancellation." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/28031.

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This study has covered the duty to provide pre-contractual information and the right of cancellation, the two important key areas of consumer protection in distance selling contracts. These two protection models are invented to rebalance the distance contract in favour of the consumer albeit differently. The duty to provide information rebalances the contract in terms of information, and the right of cancellation provides the distance consumer with an opportunity to rethink the decision about the contract. The study has looked at pertinent laws of distance selling contracts in England and Iraq. In doing so, the study has followed comparative and analytical methodology, whereby strengths and weaknesses, similarities and dissimilarities between the selected laws under a chosen theme are addressed. The aim is to explore problems and loopholes, which may need future amendments, including legal gaps, ambiguity, and incomplete treatment. During the study, specific challenges related to the theme of study are critically analysed. Apparently, the quantity and type of information required, the time and manner of sending information, and the remedy available at the breach are challenges of the information requirements. Challenges of the right of cancellation are the conditions and effects of using the right. The study has concluded that many aspects of protection under both laws need further improvements. The need for changes is more obvious with Iraqi Law than English Law, where distance selling protection has not been recognised yet.

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Nicolaou, Maria. "Consumer concerns towards privacy: An empirical study." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3040.

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The purpose of the study was to determine consumer attitudes toward privacy and the influence of demographic factors on these attitudes. The study also sought to determine the willingness of participants to disclose selected individual information items and determine the awareness and acceptance level of technological innovations such as radio frequency identifiers (RFID) as they relate to privacy. A quantitative instrument was developed and a convenience sample of university students (N=203) was tested. Results showed that educational background played a role in the way participants perceived the applications of RFID.

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Fuentes, Veliz Juan Andrés, and Velásquez David Sánchez. "Reflections about the right to choose freely among products and services: a brief case study1." Derecho & Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/119145.

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In Peru, the right to choose freely among products and services has not been developed in extent, right contained in the Code of Protection and Defense of the Consumer. In that order of ideas, this right is not alleged in courts to be enforced due its content is not well known. Therefore, our research has the purpose of analyzing common situations, where the right to choose freely among products and services is discussed with the objective to limiting its scope clear and evenly, which would greatly contribute to its compliance.<br>En el Perú, no se han desarrollado en extenso los alcances del derecho a elegir, libremente, entre productos y servicios, consagrado, actualmente, en el artículo 1º, inciso 1, literal f ) del Código de Protección y Defensa del Consumidor. En ese sentido, podemos manifestar que este derecho no se hace respetar a plenitud por parte de los consumidores, en la medida que su real contenido no es conocido. Por ende, en este breve artículo queremos pasar revista a aquellas situaciones de la vida cotidiana, en las cuales el respeto al derecho a elegir está en discusión, con el fin de que aplicando, básicamente, el método deductivo se clarifiquen los alcances del mismo, y situaciones que hoy no son pasibles de cumplimiento por parte de los proveedores, lo sean.

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Pezzi, Ana Paula Jacobus. "A necessidade de proteção dos dados pessoais nos arquivos de consumo: em busca da concretização do direito à privacidade." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2007. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2400.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T17:18:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 30<br>Nenhuma<br>O objetivo do presente trabalho é a análise jurídica da proteção de dados pessoais nos arquivos de consumo como forma de concretização do direito à privacidade. O direito à privacidade evoluiu juntamente com a mudança histórica de um Estado Liberal para um Estado Social. Sua compreensão, que partiu de um enfoque negativo, o direito de estar só, agregou um enfoque positivo, que compreende a exigência de ações concretas para sua efetividade. Em razão do impacto informático, esse duplo aspecto está relacionado, de um lado, com o resguardo dos dados e, de outro, pelo direito de acesso, retificação e de esquecimento. A partir desse contexto, se estabelece a necessidade de proteção de dados pessoais para afirmar o livre desenvolvimento da personalidade, principalmente após o deslocamento da pessoa para o centro das relações jurídicas. O trabalho se norteia pela aplicação dos valores positivados na Constituição, fundada no princípio da dignidade humana, que irradia seus efeitos em todo o ordenamento jurídico, o que<br>This study aims to legally analyze the protection of personal data in consumer files as a way to render privacy law. The right to privacy evolved with the historic change from a liberal State to a social State. Its comprehension, which began with a negative focus, the right to be alone, has gained a positive focus, which comprises the requirement for concrete action to be effective. As a result of the impact of information technology, this double aspect is characterized on the one side by the right to keep data, and on the other by the right to access, rectification and elimination. From this context the need has been established for the protection of personal data to affirm the free development of the personality, mainly after the shifting of the person to the core of legal relations. This work is guided by the application of positive values in the Constitution, based on the principle of human dignity, which irradiates its effects throughout the legal order, which is reflected in the alteration of private le

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Books on the topic "Consumer right"

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Shōhisha shuken to shōhishahō: Consumer's right and consumer protection laws. Sagano Shoin, 2001.

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Gallin, Pamela. How to survive your doctor's care: Get the right diagnosis, the right treatment, and the right experts for you. Lifeline Press, 2003.

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Finding the right counselor for you. Taylor Pub. Co., 1989.

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Black, Naomi. Two sides to every coin ...: The customer isn't always right! DNJ Books, 2004.

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Insurance smart: How to buy the right insurance at the right price. Wiley, 1991.

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O'Donnell, Jeff. Insurance smart: How to buy the right insurance at the right price. Wiley, 1991.

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Chow, Stephen Y., Barbara B. Anthony, and Ellen M. Giblin. Identity theft--consumer view. MCLE New England, 2014.

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Milne, George R. Consumer participation in mailing lists: A field experiment. Marketing Science Institute, 1996.

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Liswood, Laura A. Serving them right: Innovative and powerful customer retention strategies. Harper Business, 1990.

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Ellen, Schultz, and Consumer Reports Books, eds. Consumer reports life insurance handbook: [how to buy the right policy from the right company at the right price]. Consumer Reports Books, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Consumer right"

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Wallendorf, Melanie. "Is the Price Right?" In Contemporary Consumer Culture Theory. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315563947-5.

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Klaus, Philipp “Phil”, and Bo Edvardsson. "Striking the Right Balance: How to Design, Implement, and Operationalize Customer Experience Management Programs." In Managing Consumer Services. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04289-3_5.

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Sommers, Paul A. "From Initial Call for Appointment to Billing: Treating the Patient Right." In Consumer Satisfaction in Medical Practice. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003249160-7.

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de Carvalho Ramos, André. "The Right to Be Forgotten and the Indirect Control of Consumer Databases." In Consumer Law and Socioeconomic Development. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55624-6_25.

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Banikema, Annie Stéphanie, and Dhruv Bhatli. "Consumers’ Propensity to Resist: The Volitive Dimension of Consumer Resistant Behaviors." In The Customer is NOT Always Right? Marketing Orientationsin a Dynamic Business World. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50008-9_54.

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Pennanen, KyÖsti, Harri T. Luomala, and Julia Solovjova. "Analyzing the Antecedents and Consequences of Consumer Ethnocentrism Amongst Russian Food Consumers." In The Customer is NOT Always Right? Marketing Orientationsin a Dynamic Business World. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50008-9_202.

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Frandsen, Marianne Hundahl. "European Air Passengers’ Rights: The Concept Of’ Extraordinary Circumstances’ and the Enforcement of the Right to Compensation." In Innovation and the Transformation of Consumer Law. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8948-5_20.

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Dawkins, Kristin. "Ecolabelling: Consumer Right-to-Know or Restrictive Business Practice?" In Enforcing Environmental Standards: Economic Mechanisms as Viable Means? Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61144-5_19.

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Manika, Danae. "How Consumers Process Prevention-Oriented Direct-to-Consumer Advertising Messages: A Conceptual Paper." In The Customer is NOT Always Right? Marketing Orientationsin a Dynamic Business World. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50008-9_209.

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Mula, Davide. "The Right to Data Portability and Cloud Computing Consumer Laws." In Personal Data in Competition, Consumer Protection and Intellectual Property Law. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57646-5_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Consumer right"

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Liu, Yandong, Sandeep Pandey, Deepak Agarwal, and Vanja Josifovski. "Finding the right consumer." In the fifth ACM international conference. ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2124295.2124353.

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Port, M. S. "CONSUMER PROTECTION AND ITS IMPACT ON INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS." In Problems and mechanisms of implementation of national priorities of socio-economic development of Russia. Khabarovsk State University of Economics and Law, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38161/978-5-7823-0740-0-2020-204-207.

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The paper considers the basic rights of consumers who purchase goods and services (the right to information, the right to safety and proper quality of purchased goods and services, the right to compensation for damages and judicial protection, the right to exchange goods or return them), and also reflects their impact on the functional areas of international logistics

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Pitarque, Albert, and Montserrat Guillen. "An algorithm to fit conditional tail expectation regression models for vehicle excess speed in driving data." In CARMA 2020 - 3rd International Conference on Advanced Research Methods and Analytics. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carma2020.2020.11512.

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Marketers are faced with the daunting challenge of identifying insights anddelivering the right combination of online and offline tactics to engageconsumers at various stages along the consumer journey. In this paper, weinvestigate the effects of retargeting in a multichannel environment. Using athree-stage modeling approach, we find retargeting is an effective advertisingactivity to influence purchase incidence, but only when combined with otherspecific marketing activities. While catalogs and emails have positivesynergies with retargeting, website visits and retargeting have a negativesynergy on a consumer’s decision to make a purchase. One possibleexplanation to the negative synergistic effect is that consumers may findretargeting obtrusive when browsing online, whereas it may serve as awelcome reminder when, combined with emails or catalogs. Rather thannudging consumers along the consumer journey some combinations ofadvertising activities may actually deter customers from engaging with a firm.

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Plotnic, Olesea. "INTERACTION BETWEEN CONSUMER LAW AND COMPETITION LAW IN PANDEMIC TIMES." In International Jean Monnet Module Conference of EU and Comparative Competition Law Issues "Competition Law (in Pandemic Times): Challenges and Reforms. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18835.

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If in the case of consumer law, as protected persons are the consumers, then in the case of competition law, the protected entities are the competitors. A combination of actions in competition law presupposes that the same commercial offer satisfies several individual interests of consumers. In the strictest sense, such a combination implies the same legal fact, simultaneously opening up more possibilities for the consumer to choose due to loyal offers from a professional, if he is monopolistic or dominant in the market. More broadly, it can also be accepted that offers can be combined from several competing professionals relating to the same product or service and concerning the same individual interest of a consumer. The possible complementary effects of common law, which would justify the non-limitation of a specific piece of legislation, can never lead to a new monopoly. In some cases this will make competition law more effective and, in other cases, provide marginal and non-exclusive protection to consumers who do not have a direct right guaranteed by competition law. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the interdependent relationship between competition law and consumer law, from the perspective that both have the same common goal, namely to limit abuses by professionals in their economic activity, especially during pandemic times.

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Mićović, Andrej. "Zaštita prava putnika povodom ugovora o organizovanju putovanja." In XVI Majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/upk20.259m.

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The subject of the legal analysis in this paper are the legal mechanisms for the protection of travellers before the conclusion of the package travel contract (pre- contractual information duty), before the start of the package (transfer of the package to another traveller and the right to terminate the contract) and the rights of travellers in the case of non-performance of the contract (the right to demand proper fulfillment, price reduction, the right to terminate the contract and compensation for damages). The paper analyzes the existing rules contained in the Consumer Protection Act and the newly proposed rules contained in the Draft Consumer Protection Act adopted in accordance with the Directive 2015/2302/EU.

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Wang, Ya-Chih, and Nan-Ching Tai. "Right Light at the Right Time: Development of Innovative To-Do List Mobile Application to Optimize Circadian Lighting." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Taiwan (ICCE-Taiwan). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce-taiwan49838.2020.9258041.

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Chen, Yueh-Hong, Hsiang-Cheh Huang, and Shan-Yang Wang. "Video Scrambling and Fingerprinting for Digital Right Protection." In 2012 International Symposium on Computer, Consumer and Control (IS3C). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/is3c.2012.125.

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Meirong Guo. "Protection of consumer right to a fair transaction in E-commerce." In 2011 International Conference on Business Management and Electronic Information (BMEI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbmei.2011.5917829.

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Ibrahim, Ali K., Hanqi Zhuang, Nurgun Erdol, and Ali Muhamed Ali. "A New Approach for North Atlantic Right Whale Upcall Detection." In 2016 International Symposium on Computer, Consumer and Control (IS3C). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/is3c.2016.76.

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Ding, Yichen, Jialong Li, Kenji Tei, and Shinichi Honiden. "Blockchain-Based Cooperative Incentive System for Emergency Road Right Transferring." In 2021 IEEE 10th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcce53005.2021.9621857.

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Reports on the topic "Consumer right"

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Zinman, Jonathan. Consumer Credit: Too Much or Too Little (or Just Right)? National Bureau of Economic Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19682.

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Cairo, Jessica, Iulia Gherman, and Paul Cook. The effects of consumer freezing of food on its use-by date. Food Standards Agency, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ret874.

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The current Food Standards Agency consumer guidance states that consumers can freeze pre-packed food right up to the “use-by” date and, once food has been defrosted, it should be consumed within 24 hours. This strategic review has collated relevant data to determine whether there is an increased risk in relation to freezing ready-to-eat and non-ready-to-eat foods on the use-by date compared to the day before the use-by date. The review has focused on how the shelf-life of a food is determined and the effects of freezing, thawing and refrigeration on foodborne pathogens, including Bacillus spp., Campylobacter spp., Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, pathogenic Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. In the UK, food business operators are responsible for setting the safe shelf-life of a food which, in practice, should take into consideration the consumer habits, as well as the factors affecting shelf-life, such as food product characteristics, food processing techniques, transport, retail and domestic food storage temperatures, and type of packaging. Some countries, such as Ireland, New Zealand and Canada specifically recommend including safety margins within shelf lives. This is used to maintain brand integrity because it ensures that the food is consumed in its optimum condition. The FSA has collaborated with other organisations in the production of several guidance documents; however, there is no explicit requirement for the consideration of a margin of safety when setting shelf-life. There is also no legal requirement in the UK to consider a safety margin when setting shelf-life. According to regulations, pathogens should not be present in sufficient levels to cause foodborne illness on the use-by date, as food should still be safe to eat on that day. Given that these requirements are met, the risk assessed in this report arises from the processes of freezing, thawing and subsequent refrigerated storage for a further 24 hours, and the potential for these to increase pathogen levels. In this review, it was found that there is a risk of additional growth of certain pathogens during the refrigerated storage period although the impact of freezing and thawing on the extent of this growth was not readily evident. This risk would relate specifically to ready-to-eat foods as cooking of non-ready-to-eat foods after defrosting would eliminate pathogens. This report explores the potential issues related to consumer freezing on the use-by date and identifies additional information or research required to understand the risks involved. Overall, there is little evidence to suggest a significant change in risk between consumers freezing ready-to-eat food on the use-by date compared to freezing the food on the day before the use-by date. Specific areas that merit further research include the risks due to low temperature survival and growth of L. monocytogenes. There is also a lack of research on the effects of freezing, defrosting and refrigeration on the growth and toxin production of non-proteolytic C. botulinum, and the growth of Salmonella during domestic freezing and thawing. Finally, more information on how food business operators set shelf-life would enable a better understanding of the process and the extent of the safety margin when determining shelf-life of ready-to-eat and non-ready-to-eat foods.

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Aprilianti, Ira. Protecting People: Promoting Digital Consumer Rights. Center for Indonesian Policy Studies, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35497/310040.

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Just, David, and Amir Heiman. Building local brand for fresh fruits and vegetables: A strategic approach aimed at strengthening the local agricultural sector. United States Department of Agriculture, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7600039.bard.

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Abstract The debate about whether to reduce import barriers on fresh produce in order to decrease the cost of living and increase welfare or to continue protecting the local agricultural sector by imposing import duties on fresh vegetables and fruits has been part of the Israeli and the US political dialog. The alternative of building a strong local brand that will direct patriotic feelings to support of the agricultural sector has been previously discussed in the literature as a non-tax barrier to global competition. The motivation of consumers to pay more for local fresh fruits and vegetables are better quality, environmental concerns, altruism, and ethnocentrism. Local patriotic feelings are expected to be stronger among national-religious consumers and weaker among secular left wing voters. This project empirically analyzes consumers’ attitude toward local agricultural production, perceptions of the contribution of the agricultural sector to society and how these perceptions interact with patriotic beliefs and socio-political variables perhaps producing an ethnocentric preference for fruits and vegetables. This patriotic feeling may be contrasted with feelings toward rival (or even politically opposing) countries competing in the same markets. Thus geo-political landscape may help shape the consumer’s preferences and willingness to purchase particular products. Our empirical analysis is based on two surveys, one conducted among Israeli shoppers and one conducted among US households. We find strong influences of nationalism, patriotism and ethnocentrism on demand for produce in both samples. In the case of Israel this manifests itself as a significant discount demanded for countries in conflict with Israel (e.g., Syria or Palestine), with the discount demanded being related to the strength of the conflict. Moreover, the effect is larger for those who are either more religious, or those who identify with right leaning political parties. The results from the US are strikingly similar. For some countries the perception of conflict is dependent on political views (e.g., Mexico), while for others there is a more agreement (e.g., Russia). Despite a substantially different religious and political landscape, both right leaning political views and religiosity play strong roles in demand for foreign produce.

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Brianne, Selman, Brian Fauteux, and Andrew deWaard. A User-Centric Case for Rights Reversions and Other Mitigations: The Cultural Capital Project Submission to ISED Consultation on Term Extension. University of Winnipeg Library, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36939/ir.202103091613.

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Term extension is unlikely to benefit any but the largest of rightsholders, and indeed, in general independent creators typically do not benefit greatly from the promised financial exploitation promised by copyrights. This has been made even more evident by the COVID pandemic - while copyrighted works are consumed more than ever, independent creators have sunk further into poverty. We propose mitigation strategies for term extension that would help the people who are creating Canada’s cultural landscape, as well as additional actions that would alleviate additional current copyright losses.

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Kira, Beatriz, Rutendo Tavengerwei, and Valary Mumbo. Points à examiner à l'approche des négociations de Phase II de la ZLECAf: enjeux de la politique commerciale numérique dans quatre pays d'Afrique subsaharienne. Digital Pathways at Oxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-dp-wp_2022/01.

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Realities such as the COVID-19 pandemic have expedited the move to online operations, highlighting the undeniable fact that the world is continuing to go digital. This emphasises the need for policymakers to regulate in a manner that allows them to harness digital trade benefits while also avoiding associated risk. However, given that digital trade remains unco-ordinated globally, with countries adopting different approaches to policy issues, national regulatory divergence on the matter continues, placing limits on the benefits that countries can obtain from digital trade. Given these disparities, ahead of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Phase II Negotiations, African countries have been considering the best way to harmonise regulations on issues related to digital trade. To do this effectively, AfCFTA members need to identify where divergencies exist in their domestic regulatory systems. This will allow AfCFTA members to determine where harmonisation is possible, as well as what is needed to achieve such harmonisation. This report analyses the domestic regulations and policies of four focus countries – South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya and Senegal – comparing their regulatory approaches to five policy issues: i) regulation of online transactions; ii) cross-border data flows, data localisation, and personal data protection; iii) access to source code and technology transfer; iv) intermediary liability; and v) customs duties on electronic transmissions. The study highlights where divergencies exist in adopted approaches, indicating the need for the four countries – and AfCFTA members in general – to carefully consider the implications of the divergences, and determine where it is possible and beneficial to harmonise approaches. This was intended to encourage AfCFTA member states to take ownership of these issues and reflect on the reforms needed. As seen in Table 1 below, the study shows that the four countries diverge on most of the five policy issues. There are differences in how all four countries regulate online transactions – that is, e-signatures and online consumer protection. Nigeria was the only country out of the four to recognise all types of e-signatures as legally equivalent. Kenya and Senegal only recognise specific e-signatures, which are either issued or validated by a recognised institution, while South Africa adopts a mixed approach, where it recognises all e-signatures as legally valid, but provides higher evidentiary weight to certain types of e-signatures. Only South Africa and Senegal have specific regulations relating to online consumer protection, while Nigeria and Kenya do not have any clear rules. With regards to cross border data flows, data localisation, and personal data protection, the study shows that all four focus countries have regulations that consist of elements borrowed from the European Union (EU) General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). In particular, this was regarding the need for the data subject's consent, and also the adequacy requirement. Interestingly, the study also shows that South Africa, Kenya and Nigeria also adopt data localisation measures, although at different levels of strictness. South Africa’s data localisation laws are mostly imposed on data that is considered critical – which is then required to be processed within South African borders – while Nigeria requires all data to be processed and stored locally, using local servers. Kenya imposes data localisation measures that are mostly linked to its priority for data privacy. Out of the four focus countries, Senegal is the only country that does not impose any data localisation laws. Although the study shows that all four countries share a position on customs duties on electronic transmissions, it is also interesting to note that none of the four countries currently have domestic regulations or policies on the subject. The report concludes by highlighting that, as the AfCFTA Phase II Negotiations aim to arrive at harmonisation and to improve intra-African trade and international trade, AfCFTA members should reflect on their national policies and domestic regulations to determine where harmonisation is needed, and whether AfCFTA is the right platform for achieving this efficiently.

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Yusgiantoro, Luky A., Akhmad Hanan, Budi P. Sunariyanto, and Mayora B. Swastika. Mapping Indonesia’s EV Potential in Global EV Supply Chain. Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33116/br.004.

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• Energy transition in the transportation sector is indicated by the gradual shifting from the use of internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs) globally. • The transportation sector consumed 43% of total global energy and emitted 16.2% of total global emissions in 2020. Similarly, the transportation sector in Indonesia consumed 45% of the total energy and contributed to 13.6% of CO2 emission in 2019. • Global EV development and utilization are increasing exponentially, especially in developed countries, and there were 10 million EVs in 2020 worldwide. • China has successfully dominated global EVs, both in EV utilization and manufacturing with 45% global EVs Stock and 77% global EV batteries production. • Geopolitically, the abundance of Indonesian nickel reserves provides Indonesia a great opportunity to be one of the main players in EV battery manufacturing. • With an annual average growth of 6%, the projected motorized vehicles growth in Indonesia will reach 214 million in 2030. The right government policies would make Indonesia become the Southeast Asia EV market hub as Indonesia has the largest automotive sales and production market among ASEAN countries. • Measurable and realistic national EV development targets and plans supported by executing policies such as fiscal incentives and hardware standardization, sufficient EV charging infrastructure, and other supporting infrastructures are key elements that drive successful EV development in several countries. • Insufficient domestic industries and technology, and the absence of policies that comprehensively cover the customers and producers directly to support EV development and utilization in Indonesia, resulting in the achieved number of EVs and EV infrastructures in Indonesia are far from the updated target or even the initial target (RUEN, 2017).

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Payment Systems Report - June of 2021. Banco de la República, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-sist-pag.eng.2021.

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Banco de la República provides a comprehensive overview of Colombia’s finan¬cial infrastructure in its Payment Systems Report, which is an important product of the work it does to oversee that infrastructure. The figures published in this edition of the report are for the year 2020, a pandemic period in which the con¬tainment measures designed and adopted to alleviate the strain on the health system led to a sharp reduction in economic activity and consumption in Colom¬bia, as was the case in most countries. At the start of the pandemic, the Board of Directors of Banco de la República adopted decisions that were necessary to supply the market with ample liquid¬ity in pesos and US dollars to guarantee market stability, protect the payment system and preserve the supply of credit. The pronounced growth in mone¬tary aggregates reflected an increased preference for liquidity, which Banco de la República addressed at the right time. These decisions were implemented through operations that were cleared and settled via the financial infrastructure. The second section of this report, following the introduction, offers an analysis of how the various financial infrastructures in Colombia have evolved and per¬formed. One of the highlights is the large-value payment system (CUD), which registered more momentum in 2020 than during the previous year, mainly be¬cause of an increase in average daily remunerated deposits made with Banco de la República by the General Directorate of Public Credit and the National Treasury (DGCPTN), as well as more activity in the sell/buy-back market with sovereign debt. Consequently, with more activity in the CUD, the Central Securi¬ties Depository (DCV) experienced an added impetus sparked by an increase in the money market for bonds and securities placed on the primary market by the national government. The value of operations cleared and settled through the Colombian Central Counterparty (CRCC) continues to grow, propelled largely by peso/dollar non-deliverable forward (NDF) contracts. With respect to the CRCC, it is important to note this clearing house has been in charge of managing risks and clearing and settling operations in the peso/dollar spot market since the end of last year, following its merger with the Foreign Exchange Clearing House of Colombia (CCDC). Since the final quarter of 2020, the CRCC has also been re¬sponsible for clearing and settlement in the equities market, which was former¬ly done by the Colombian Stock Exchange (BVC). The third section of this report provides an all-inclusive view of payments in the market for goods and services; namely, transactions carried out by members of the public and non-financial institutions. During the pandemic, inter- and intra-bank electronic funds transfers, which originate mostly with companies, increased in both the number and value of transactions with respect to 2019. However, debit and credit card payments, which are made largely by private citizens, declined compared to 2019. The incidence of payment by check contin¬ue to drop, exhibiting quite a pronounced downward trend during the past last year. To supplement to the information on electronic funds transfers, section three includes a segment (Box 4) characterizing the population with savings and checking accounts, based on data from a survey by Banco de la República con-cerning the perception of the use of payment instruments in 2019. There also is segment (Box 2) on the growth in transactions with a mobile wallet provided by a company specialized in electronic deposits and payments (Sedpe). It shows the number of users and the value of their transactions have increased since the wallet was introduced in late 2017, particularly during the pandemic. In addition, there is a diagnosis of the effects of the pandemic on the payment patterns of the population, based on data related to the use of cash in circu¬lation, payments with electronic instruments, and consumption and consumer confidence. The conclusion is that the collapse in the consumer confidence in¬dex and the drop in private consumption led to changes in the public’s pay¬ment patterns. Credit and debit card purchases were down, while payments for goods and services through electronic funds transfers increased. These findings, coupled with the considerable increase in cash in circulation, might indicate a possible precautionary cash hoarding by individuals and more use of cash as a payment instrument. There is also a segment (in Focus 3) on the major changes introduced in regulations on the retail-value payment system in Colombia, as provided for in Decree 1692 of December 2020. The fourth section of this report refers to the important innovations and tech¬nological changes that have occurred in the retail-value payment system. Four themes are highlighted in this respect. The first is a key point in building the financial infrastructure for instant payments. It involves of the design and im¬plementation of overlay schemes, a technological development that allows the various participants in the payment chain to communicate openly. The result is a high degree of interoperability among the different payment service providers. The second topic explores developments in the international debate on central bank digital currency (CBDC). The purpose is to understand how it could impact the retail-value payment system and the use of cash if it were to be issued. The third topic is related to new forms of payment initiation, such as QR codes, bio¬metrics or near field communication (NFC) technology. These seemingly small changes can have a major impact on the user’s experience with the retail-value payment system. The fourth theme is the growth in payments via mobile tele¬phone and the internet. The report ends in section five with a review of two papers on applied research done at Banco de la República in 2020. The first analyzes the extent of the CRCC’s capital, acknowledging the relevant role this infrastructure has acquired in pro¬viding clearing and settlement services for various financial markets in Colom¬bia. The capital requirements defined for central counterparties in some jurisdic¬tions are explored, and the risks to be hedged are identified from the standpoint of the service these type of institutions offer to the market and those associated with their corporate activity. The CRCC’s capital levels are analyzed in light of what has been observed in the European Union’s regulations, and the conclusion is that the CRCC has a scheme of security rings very similar to those applied internationally and the extent of its capital exceeds what is stipulated in Colombian regulations, being sufficient to hedge other risks. The second study presents an algorithm used to identify and quantify the liquidity sources that CUD’s participants use under normal conditions to meet their daily obligations in the local financial market. This algorithm can be used as a tool to monitor intraday liquidity. Leonardo Villar Gómez Governor

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