Relevant bibliographies by topics / Consumer test

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Consumer test'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Consumer test"

1

Cottenden, Alan. "Continence consumer test." Elderly Care 5, no. 5 (September 1993): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/eldc.5.5.27.s49.

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Yen, Yung-Shen. "Extending consumer ethnocentrism theory: the moderating effect test." Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 30, no. 4 (September 10, 2018): 907–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-09-2017-0226.

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Purpose While the idea that consumer ethnocentrism influences the willingness to buy domestic products is a well-known assumption for marketers, the purpose of this paper is to examine the moderating effect of consumer ethnocentrism on the willingness to buy domestic products in developing countries. Design/methodology/approach Hierarchical moderator regression analysis and simple slope analysis are used to test the postulated hypotheses, and 385 consumers in Taiwan are studied. Findings The findings revealed that consumer ethnocentrism, perceived quality, perceived price and perceived brand image are significantly associated with the willingness to buy domestic products. Moreover, consumer ethnocentrism significantly moderates the relationships of the model. Research limitations/implications Consumer ethnocentrism increases the positive effects of perceived quality and perceived brand image on the willingness to buy domestic products in developing countries, whereas it may increase the negative effect of perceived price on the willingness to buy domestic products. Practical implications The results of this study suggest that practitioners should not only improve the quality and brand image of domestic products but also avoid putting a high price on domestic products to increase the willingness to buy domestic products for consumers in developing countries. Originality/value This study advances the consumer ethnocentrism theory by adding the moderating effect of consumer ethnocentrism to the model.
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Géci, Andrej, Ľudmila Nagyová, Stanislav Mokrý, and Jana Rybanská. "Investigation of consumer behaviour at selected market commodity." Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences 13, no. 1 (December 28, 2019): 925–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5219/1230.

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Consumer behavior is an unexplored area of life for all buyers and sellers alike. Knowledge of consumer behavior brings better market orientation and more consistent establishment of individual products in consumers' shopping baskets. In examining this behavior, the authors of the paper focus on questions such as why, how, where, when, and how much consumers are willing and able to buy at a particular market price. The behavior in question is influenced by several factors (cultural, social, psychological and personality) that influence the final consumer decisions. The main objective of the present document is to evaluate consumer behavior, their purchasing preferences and also to make decisions when buying a particular food product – tea. The primary data were obtained through a questionnaire survey carried out on a sample of 640 respondents. The questionnaire was divided into two basic parts - the demographic part and the part dealing with consumer behavior at the selected market commodity. In the questionnaire processing the respondents were filtered based on their answers. The research has shown that more than 78% of respondents consume tea while women consume it more (50%). Flavor (56.3%) proved to be the most important factor in the selection of a particular tea. Almost half of the respondents reported consuming cut tea (46.5%). In the present document, assumptions were formulated which serve for a deeper analysis of the issue. The relevance of the formulated assumptions was verified by the XLSTAT statistical software. Data were evaluated by qualitative statistics – Chi-square test of good compliance, Fisher's exact test, Mann Whitney test and Friedman test.
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Sa’diyah, Halimatus, Elpawati E, and Rizki Adi Puspita Sari. "PENGARUH BAURAN PEMASARAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS KONSUMEN KECAP MANIS ABC DI JABODETABEK." AGRIBUSINESS JOURNAL 11, no. 2 (July 15, 2019): 116–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/aj.v11i2.11839.

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This study aims to analyze effects of marketing mixes on consumer loyalties. A total of 100 respondents drawn from consumers who never consumed or consumed soy sauce ABC at least once during the last year were interviewed. Descriptive analyses and methods Path Analyses were used to analyze the relationship between the independent variables, namely products, prices, places, and promotions on the dependent variable, customer loyalties (Y2) through mediating variables or intermediate variables, consumer behaviors (Y1). Results indicated that the variables of products, prices, places, and promotions jointly had influences on consumer behaviors while partial test showed that variables of product and promotion had direct effects on consumer loyalties, and variables of price and place did not have any influences directly but through intermediary variables namely consumer behaviors.
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Hayati, Indah Kusuma, Sumardjono ., and Yadi Mulyadi. "Analysis of consumer loyalty based on the aspect of brand image and after sales service." Management Journal of Binaniaga 5, no. 01 (June 19, 2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33062/mjb.v5i01.379.

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Rapid economy development in Indonesia has created tight competitive business. Business people have to try very hard to make their business exist, they are obliged to be able to deal with competitive business keeping the consumers to be loyal. Because consumers are the most important asset for a company. And a company will jeopardize its business if it does not have any consumers. The way how to keep the consumers loyal to the company is thru Brand Image and After Sales Service. This research aims to figure out the extent to which Brand Image and After Sales Service have affected Consumer Loyalty. And Objects of this research are furniture consumers at PT Informa Bogor. Data analysis has applied multiple linear regression analysis, determinant coefficient, F test and T test to test the hypotheses. The result of F test has identified Brand Image and After Sales Service affecting significantly Consumer Loyalty. Partial test has identified independent variables partially affecting significantly Consumer Loyalty. Nevertheless, the contribution of independent variable to the increasing Consumer Loyalty is quite small which is 36.5 %, and the rest has been affected by other factors which are not studied in this research. Keywords: Consumer Loyalty, Brand Image, and After Sales Service
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Patrick-Miller, L. J., D. Fetzer, H. Schmidheiser, M. Daly, D. Toppmeyer, O. Olopade, and A. Bradbury. "Telephone disclosure of BRCA1/2 test results? Experience and opinions of genetic counselors and consumers." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 1510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.1510.

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1510 Background: BRCA1/2 test results have historically been disclosed in person (IPD) by a certified genetic counselor (GC). Greater consumer demand and access to BRCA1/2 testing, and greater prevalence and acceptance of telemedicine, have interested providers in conducting BRCA1/2 testing and disclosing results by telephone (TD) and internet. GC and consumer experiences and opinions about TD have not been well described. Methods: To determine experience, opinions and interest in TD of BRCA1/2 test results we conducted semi-structured interviews with 194 GC recruited via NSGC Cancer Special Interest Group and with 30 consumers (to date) less than 9 months post IPD of BRCA1/2 test results at two cancer centers. Descriptive statistics characterize GC and consumer experiences and opinions. Results: 98% GC had provided TD; 46% rarely. Most frequent reasons for TD: perceived consumer hardship of IPD (n = 190); consumer preference (n = 49) and medical benefit (n = 30). GC comfort with TD varied by test result (true negative [TN] 77%, indeterminate [IND] 49%; mutation carriers [MC] 37%; variant of unknown significance [VUS] 33%). GC cited consumer convenience (n = 132), medical (n = 71) and psychological benefit (n = 42), and greater GC counseling capacity (n = 33) as TD advantages. No nonverbal communication (n = 161), poorer communication/understanding (n = 67), and difficulty explaining complex results (n = 41) were disadvantages GC most frequently reported. 46% post-IPD consumers reported interest in TD; interest varied by test result (VUS 67%; IND, 63%; TN 57%; MC 25%). Consumers’ perceived advantages: convenience (n = 22) and medical benefit (n = 9); and disadvantage to TD; lack of visual and personal connection with GC (n = 18). Conclusions: Results of the ongoing study suggest many consumers of BRCA1/2 testing are interested in, and nearly all GC have conducted, TD. GC and consumers share perceptions of TD convenience, and of challenges of lack of visual cues, however, GC comfort with, and consumer preference for, TD vary differently by test result. Given consumer and provider interest, longitudinal study of TD impact on knowledge, risk perception, communication, and health behaviors, and their mediators will be critical to develop policy and procedures optimizing adaptive responses to TD. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Matias Pinto, Vilson, Gabriella Castro Cunha, Alexsandra Valéria Sousa Costa de Lima, and Márcio Ramatiz Lima dos Santos. "AVALIAÇÃO SENSORIAL DO MEL DE CINCO DIFERENTES ORIGENS FLORAIS." COLLOQUIUM AGRARIAE 13, Especial 2 (June 1, 2017): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5747/ca.2017.v13.nesp2.000211.

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The objective was to know the profile of the consumer and to evaluate the acceptance, intention of purchase and preference of the honey of five different floral origins. The attributes acceptance tests (aroma, taste, appearance, viscosity, overall impression) were evaluated using a structured nine-point scale and those with a five-point structured scale. The results of the consumer profile were evaluated in percentage. The results of acceptance and intention to purchase were submitted to analysis of variance and the differences of the means compared by Tukey test at the level of 5% of significance. The order-preference results were analyzed using the Friedman test. The majority of the tasters: are female (59%); Consumes honey (79%); Does not know how to differentiate traditional honey from organic (64%); Buy organic honey (89%); Knows (67%), consumes (75%) and will buy (78%) honey from the local producer; Prefers to buy (67%) and consume (72%) honey with seal of the Federal Inspection Service. Most consumers are knowledgeable about honey, but do not usually read product labels. Regardless of the flowering type, all honey samples had a good acceptance (7.04 to 7.86) for all parameters evaluated and good intention to buy (3.76 to 4.14). Honey from wildflowers was more preferred when compared to orange blossom, sertão and grapevine. Regardless of the type of flowering, all the samples had 73 Colloquium Agrariae, vol. 13, n. Especial 2, Jan–Jun, 2017, p. 72-82. ISSN: 1809-8215. DOI: 10.5747/ca.2017.v13.nesp2.000211 an acceptability index (IA) above 70%. Therefore all samples will be accepted by the consumer public.
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Verster, J. C., and O. Berthélemy. "Consumer Satisfaction and Efficacy of the Hangover Cure After-Effect©." Advances in Preventive Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/617942.

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A consumer satisfaction study was conducted to examine the effectiveness on hangover of After-Effect©, a new food supplement dedicated to improve well-being after an occasion of alcohol consumption.N=113persons were invited to participate in a home-based open label study to test the effectiveness of After-Effect©. On a night when they intended to consume alcohol, three pills were taken before alcohol consumption and two pills afterwards, before going to bed. The following day, participants completed a survey on the amount of alcohol consumed, hangover symptom severity, and satisfaction of the product.N=103participants completed the study. 88% of participants reported After-Effect©to be effective in reducing alcohol hangover. After-Effect©significantly improved overall hangover severity, and all individual hangover symptoms, except for palpitations. In addition, a significant reduction (P=0.0001) in the severity score on concentration problems was reported when using After-Effect©. No gender differences were observed, and there was no relationship with the number of alcoholic drinks that were consumed. Consumers were satisfied with the product. In conclusion, consumer satisfaction and hangover severity scores suggest that After-Effect©may be effective in reducing alcohol hangover. However, controlled, double-blind clinical trials should confirm these findings.
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Francis, Jesse, Katherine Thompson-Witrick, and Erin B. Perry. "104 President Oral Presentation Pick: Sensory analysis of horse treats: a comparison between horses and humans." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.166.

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Abstract Analysis of both palatability and consumer acceptance is a critical component of product development. Though consumer sensory analysis from owners is gaining interest in companion animal species, few data are available from equine owners. The objectives of this study were to evaluate both horse preference and horse owner rating of two equine treat products. Feeding preferences of adult stock-type horses (n = 10) age 13 ± 6, body weight 539 ± 41 kg, and body condition score 5.5 ± 0.5 were assessed via paired preference test conducted in an open-frame stock with a 15 second olfaction period followed by a 3 minute consumption period. Data collected include first sniffed, first consumed, and first finished. Consumer analysis of the horse treats was conducted via hedonic rating of four attributes (appearance, size, texture, and aroma) on a 9-point Likert scale, followed by rating of purchase intent on a 5 point Likert scale. Data were analyzed using PROC FREQ and PROC TTEST in SAS version 9.4. No difference was observed for first product sniffed, consumed, or finished during the horse preference test. However, moderate positive correlations were observed between first product sniffed and consumed (P = 0.01, ф = 0.40) as well as first product consumed and finished (P < 0.01, ф = 0.48), suggesting that olfaction plays a large role in horses food choice. Consumers rated Product A lower in appearance (P < 0.01), texture (P < 0.01), and size (P < 0.01), though no difference was observed between products for aroma. Additionally, consumers rated Product A lower for purchase intent (P < 0.01), indicating aroma may not play as large of a role in product selection as visual attributes. These results indicate that both horse and consumer preference should be evaluated during product development.
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Putra, Tegar Maulidi, Asep M. Ramdan, and Faizal Mulia. "Analisis E-Service dan Kepercayaan Konsumen terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen Pengguna Website." BUDGETING : Journal of Business, Management and Accounting 1, no. 1 (September 9, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/budgeting.v1i1.777.

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The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of e-service quality and consumer confidence on customer satisfaction. The use of the method in this study is to use a type of sampling included in the sample random sampling and by distributing questionnaires as many as 96 to consumers. The analysis technique used is multiple linear analysis techniques, and for hypothesis testing is a statistical test partial (t test) and simultaneous testing (f test). T test results show that e-service quality (X1) has a significant effect on customer satisfaction, consumer confidence (X2) has a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Based on the F test the probability value sig 0,000 <0.10 which means that together e-service quality (X1) and consumer confidence (X2) significantly influence consumer satisfaction (Y). Conclusion, together e-service quality and consumer trust significantly influence consumer satisfaction Keywords: E-Service Quality, Consumer Trust, Consumer Satisfaction.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Consumer test"

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Anninou, Ioanna. "Consumer confusion : a test of the behavioural perspective model." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/56902/.

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In light of the increasing academic and practical importance of consumer confusion, more theoretical and empirical inquiries are necessary in order to comprehend this concept. This study extends the notion of confusion by adopting the idea of self-based rules. Confusion can be defined as a self-based track (or better a rule for the lack of rules and norms, a special case of anomy). As a rule, there is a differing language that can be used to describe it– the first, extensional, deals with confusion as an overall response to physical and social stimuli and the other, intentional, deals with it in terms of individual understanding and beliefs. This study uses the theoretical principles of the Behavioural Perspective Model (BPM) as its primary device. The current state of the BPM dictates the use of an extensional language (BPM-E). The model will be extended and placed within the framework and study of an intentional explanation (BPM-I). The explanatory or interpretative role that confusion can play in these models will be described. Specific research hypotheses that correspond to these explanations have been developed. In order to implement these objectives a main quantitative survey (N=260) which provided data on 520 consumer situations, has been informed by a meaningful in the produced results pilot-exploratory study (N=7) and multiple qualitative (N=10) and quantitative (N=56) pilot tests and discussions with knowledgeable and lay participants. Multiple regression and ANOVA indicate significant main effects when Mehrabian and Russell’s affective scales and different kinds of confusion (similarity-complexity) are used to predict approach-avoidance behavioural responses. Additionally, support is provided for the patterns expected from the affective and behavioural variables when these are applied to other situations beyond the original eight contingency categories of the BPM. The main contribution of this study lies with the inclusion of an aversive consequence of shopping situations in the BPM and the extension of the model towards embracing and applying intentionality. Overall, this study supports the supposition put forward by Foxall (2004; 2007a; 2007b; 2013) that the intentional BPM can add and extend the explanatory power of the extensional model.
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Parrott, Ashley. "Media Coverage of Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1276977244.

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Posri, Wilatsana. "Improving the predictability of consumer preferences from central location test (CLT) in tea." Thesis, University of Reading, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365906.

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Johnson, Richard. "Factors affecting intent to use consumer genetic tests : a revised technology acceptance model." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24001.

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Genetic testing offers disease diagnosis and other information based on genetic material provided by an individual. Direct to consumer genetic tests bypass clinicianadministered tests in favour of direct sales and usage by consumers. The relative newness of consumer genetic testing to the South African market provides an opportunity for understanding the factors that would drive adoption of these products. An established technology acceptance model was enriched with factors important to clinical genetic testing and individual innovativeness. The model was tested through an online questionnaire with a nonprobability sample of 109 individuals. Factors including performance expectancy, social influence and discrimination concerns, were found to exhibit significant influence on consumers’ behavioural intention to use consumer genetic tests. These findings provide a theoretical framework of individuals’ attributes of importance for marketing and sales of consumer genetic tests. Copyright
Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted
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Chanadang, Sirichat. "Sensory evaluation and consumer acceptability of novel fortified blended foods." Diss., Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35459.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health
Edgar Chambers IV
Fortified blended foods (FBFs), which are the mixture of cereals and legumes fortified with micronutrients, have been widely used as supplementary foods for vulnerable populations such as infants and young children in developing countries around the world. The evaluation of current FBFs showed limited evidence on their effectiveness in treating childhood malnutrition, resulting the several recommendations on processing and formulation changes to improve their quality and ability to meet nutritional needs. Sensory properties are one of the important determinants for the success of the new FBFs. Therefore, sensory testing was conducted to determine the potential of novel FBFs to be used as supplementary food compared with FBF currently used in food aid programs. Descriptive sensory analysis was performed on novel FBFs along with the traditional FBF (Corn soy blend plus; CSB+) to determine sensory characteristics of each FBF. Results showed that novel FBFs had more pronounced toasted characteristics and higher sweetness than CSB+, due to the higher temperature during extrusion process and the addition of sugar in the novel formulation. In addition, novel FBFs that had higher amount of legumes (e.g. soybean, cowpea) in their formulations, especially for all sorghum cowpea blends, showed higher intensity in beany characteristics. Sensory shelf-life testing showed that novel FBFs could have shelf lives at least 2 years with no detection of off-note characteristics and these was comparable to the shelf life of the current FBF (CSB+). Sensory testing was also performed with target populations: children who eat the food and care givers who prepare it, during a 20-week field trial to determine the acceptability and preference of novel FBFs and current FBF. Results showed that all novel FBFs were highly preferred or accepted by children, even though, some of them might need longer time and more exposures to allow children to have more experience and be familiar with the food before being satisfied or preferred that food. In contrary, CSB+ that had bland flavor tended not to be well accepted and highly preferred by children compared to novel FBFs. Moreover, giving children more opportunities to consumed food prepared from CSB+ did not help to improve its acceptability or preference. Data from household visits and interview sessions showed that porridges prepared from novel FBFs required less cooking time than CSB+ and no additional ingredients needed to be added compared to CSB+ where sugar and milk were common additions. Finding from this research indicated that novel FBFs have high potential to be used successfully as supplementary food with comparable shelf life, and higher acceptability and preference to FBF currently used in food aid programs. In addition, the simple cooking of novel FBFs make them valuable to caregivers who have limited time and access to energy sources and nutrient-rich ingredients.
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Smith, Nichole. "Consumer Preferences for the Reporting of Genetic Variants of Uncertain Significance." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1337352216.

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Hanson, John. "THE INFLUENCE OF DIRECT-TO-CONSUMER GENETIC TEST RESULTS ON THE FINALIZATION OF FOSTER ADOPTION." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/520.

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ABSTRACT The purpose of the present study was to explore the potential influence of direct-to-consumer genetic test results of a pre-adoptive foster child on the decision of the prospective adoptive foster parents to finalize or disrupt their adoption of the foster child. A quantitative survey was conducted using a sample of foster parents with three distinct statuses as a foster parent. They included, foster parents in the process of adopting their foster child, foster parents awaiting placement of a foster child in their home, and individuals in the process of completing training to become foster parents. The study participants were from a foster family agency that specializes in foster adoptions and all study participants had indicated they wanted to adopt a foster child. The foster family agency has two locations, one in Orange County and the other in San Bernardino County. Study data was collected through the use of a self-report questionnaire at five different foster family agency events. Twelve original survey questions were designed to measure three core areas: knowledge of prospective adoptive foster parents on the information direct-to-consumer genetic testing can provide; attitudes of prospective adoptive foster parents regarding the use of direct-to-consumer genetic testing as a pre-adoption screening tool; and, if direct-to-consumer genetic test results of a foster child influences the decision of prospective adoptive foster parents to finalize or disrupt a foster adoption. Using SPSS software to analyze data, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analyses were conducted between the three different foster parent statuses and the four questions designed to measure the core area of if direct-to-consumer genetic test results of a foster child influences the decision of prospective adoptive foster parents to finalize or disrupt a foster adoption. More than half of the survey participants, identified as women (n=39, 54.9%) and 32 (23.9%) identified as men. Results showed that there was a significant relationship found between the direct-to-consumer genetic test results of a foster child to influence the prospective adoptive foster parent to stop adoption proceedings for the child with the status of foster parents awaiting placement of the first foster child into their home.
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Kanellopoulou, Evgenia. "Test for echo : competition law and the music industries from a business model perspective." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31351.

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The thesis asks whether there is a role for competition law and policy in the music industries. It is argued that there is a need for updated competition policy in order to safeguard both end consumer welfare and the competitive process in these markets, characterised by fast-paced developments and business model innovation. Indeed, the past two decades saw the music industries undergo seismic changes, as even the term 'music industries' was not in use as such before the advent of the internet era and the decline in sales of recordings in physical format. Soon it became obvious that the traditional music industry's end consumers had chosen to migrate to alternative methods of consumption, complementing and substituting between several products for music, such as the digital format, the live concert ticket, and the overall 'music experience'. End consumers chose to completely by-pass the product on offer, meaning the recording of popular music in physical format, as provided top-down by a few multinational record companies, which the thesis identifies as an oligonomy. As alternative business models emerged in the music industries, the members of the oligonomy became followers of end consumer demand, remaining stuck in their notion that the end consumer remains the passive, mass market. Addressing this era as an era of market failure helps to identify the role of the end consumer within the business model of the music industry and to understand emerging trends and patterns in the music industries. Indeed, technological and copyright developments in the late nineteenth century enabled the hardware industries to morph into the recorded music industry, operating under the same business model of copyright exploitation. It follows that the market deriving from this business model is a market prone to monopolisation, resulting in a homogeneous product, designed and delivered top-down to the mass market. The resulting product was not only foreclosed by the few members of the oligonomy, but the operating business model made it impossible for the competition authorities to justify concerns. When the technology allowed for it, the creeping market failure came to the limelight and the end consumer started by-passing the oligonomy to gain access to the foreclosed content, generating consumer demand-driven business models. This translated into business model innovation. To illustrate, the thesis investigates the trial-and-error relationship between the competition authorities of the US, the EU, the UK and the old business model, addressing the failure to appreciate the bottleneck around the creative output that was being created, and the need to safeguard consumer welfare. To compare, the thesis also examines cases in the new business model era, observing the stance of competition authorities towards consumer demand generated business models. The thesis concludes with the affirmation of the need to design welfare enhancing competition policy, which places the end consumer in the forefront. To achieve this, the thesis proposes the consultation of the relevant business model literature.
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Dileo, Desiree Lynn 1968. "An empirical test of the effects of commercial advertisements on consumer recall: A schema theory application." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278210.

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This investigation sought to bridge the communication and marketing fields by applying schema theory (Bartlett, 1932) to advertisement information processing. A theoretical framework was developed which described how television commercials are remembered. Specifically, the theory hypothesized that: (a) recall of product brand will be significantly higher in the sample of participants who are exposed to the commercials emphasizing brand early on in their format, than the participants who view the commercials stating the product's brand name in the latter half of the commercials, and (b) individuals who see the brand name formatted commercials will have significantly higher levels of commercial information recognition than the individuals exposed to the commercials that do not state the brand name at the onset. The results of the study provided intial support for the proposed framework and suggested that brand name formatted commercials will generally enhance recall and significantly impact recognition.
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Shaheen, Ehab T. "Long Term Performance of Corrugated HDPE Pipes Produced with Post-Consumer Recycled Materials Under Constant Deflection." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1541422245636659.

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Books on the topic "Consumer test"

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Davidson, Homer L. Consumer electronics components handbook: How to identify, locate, and test consumer electronic components. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1998.

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Lomax, Wendy. Assessing the risk of consumer confusion: Practical test results. [Kingston]: Kingston University, 1998.

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Inlander, Charles B. Test yourself for maximum health. Allentown, Pa: People's Medical Society, 1994.

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Test bank: To accompany Consumer behavior, 9. ed., Roger D. Blackwell ... 9th ed. Forth Worth, Tex: Harcourt, 2001.

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Watkins, Trevor. A consumer based methodology for researching new involvement brands - an emperical test. Poole: Dorset Institute of Higher Education, 1985.

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Jim, Punkre, and People's Medical Society (U.S.), eds. People's Medical Society healthy body book: Test yourself for maximum health. New York: Penguin Books, 1991.

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Gan, Li. A simple test of adverse events and strategic timing theories of consumer bankruptcy. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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Bonfrer, Andre. Anomalies in estimates of cross-price elasticities for marketing mix models: Theory and empirical test. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.

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Bonfrer, Andre. Anomalies in estimates of cross-price elasticities for marketing mix models: Theory and empirical test. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.

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Sylvia, Gilbert. A comparison of farmed and wild salmon: Consumer preferences, proximal analysis, taste test panel scores. [Corvallis, Or.]: Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State University, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Consumer test"

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McConnell, Allen R., and Robert J. Rydell. "The Implicit Association Test." In Handbook of Research Methods in Consumer Psychology, 143–59. Second edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351137713-8.

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Barnett, William A. "A Test of Normality in Nonlinear Systems of Consumer Demand Equations." In Contributions to Consumer Demand and Econometrics, 24–30. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12221-9_2.

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Seiniger, Patrick, and Alexander Weitzel. "Test Methods for Consumer Protection and Legislation for ADAS." In Handbook of Driver Assistance Systems, 213–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12352-3_11.

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Lomax, Wendy, Emma Sherski, and Sarah Todd. "Assessing the Risk of Consumer Confusion: Practical Test Results." In Global Perspectives in Marketing for the 21st Century, 362–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17356-6_111.

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Seiniger, Patrick, and Alexander Weitzel. "Test Methods for Consumer Protection and Legislation for ADAS." In Handbook of Driver Assistance Systems, 1–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09840-1_11-1.

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Seiniger, Patrick, and Alexander Weitzel. "Test Methods for Consumer Protection and Legislation for ADAS." In Handbook of Driver Assistance Systems, 1–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09840-1_11-2.

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Heim, John J. "Test Results: Consumer Spending and Borrowing Models (One-Variable Deficit)." In Crowding Out Fiscal Stimulus, 43–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45967-7_5.

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Heim, John J. "Test Results: Consumer Spending and Borrowing Models (Two-Variable Deficit)." In Crowding Out Fiscal Stimulus, 133–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45967-7_7.

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Semenik, Richard J. "A Test of Inducements for Stimulating Consumer Participation in Laboratory Experiments." In Proceedings of the 1982 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference, 379–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16946-0_89.

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Angulo, Ana M., José M. Gil, and Azucena Gracia. "A Test of Differences in Food Demand Among European Consumers: A Dynamic Approach." In Agricultural Marketing and Consumer Behavior in a Changing World, 275–94. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6273-3_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Consumer test"

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Brown, J. "Power management trends in portable consumer applications." In 2011 Design, Automation & Test in Europe. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/date.2011.5763172.

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S.A.C, Madhusanka, Rathnayake K.K.H.M, and Mahaliyanaarachchi R. P. "Impact of Traffic Light Food Labelling on Consumer Awareness of Health and Healthy Choices of the Pointof-Purchase." In 2nd International Conference on Agriculture, Food Security and Safety. iConferences (Pvt) Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32789/agrofood.2021.1001.

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Sri Lanka introduced colour coding for sugar, salt & fat regulations, which was enforced from the 1st of June 2019. It is the latest food labelling regulation in Sri Lanka. Over the years of consumer studies, even though few studies have studied the impact of food labels on consumer purchase decisions, there is not enough evidence on traffic light food labelling system and its impact on health and healthy choices of the point-of-purchase. Hence, this research study on the impact of colour coding regulation on consumer’s buying decisions with special reference to Western Province, Sri Lanka. The purpose of this research was to study the influence of colour code label system on consumer’s buying decisions and analyse the consumer’s knowledge of the traffic light food labelling system. A purposely developed online questionnaire was administered to 200 randomly selected samples in Western Province in Sri Lanka. The questionnaire had three separate parts. The first part of the questionnaire sought information on the socio-demographic profile of the respondent. The second part had few questions on basic knowledge and behavioural aspect of traffic light food labelling system. The third part of the questionnaire was questioned about further improvements in the traffic light food label from the consumers’ perspective. IBM SPSS version 21 software was used for analysing collected data with frequency analysis and Friedman test. Results revealed that most of the consumers refer to the price label instead of other labels. Also, they are not giving special attention to traffic light food labels at the point-of-purchase. Among the consumers who considered traffic light food labelling system at the point-of-purchase, most respondents had a clear idea about different colour codes and would like to consume food products with a low level of sugar, salt, and fat. Further, a fair number of respondents suggested enlarging the size of the existing colour codes of the traffic light food labelling system. Based on the results obtained, it can be observed that still Sri Lankan consumers are not significantly considered traffic light food labels at the point-of-purchase, and they are limited to seek the price tag at the point-of-purchase. Further, the findings of this study will act as a guide for food regulators when assessing the outcome of the new food labelling regulation of Sri Lanka.
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Jung, Erik, Karl-Friedrich Becker, Tanja Braun, and Rolf Aschenbrenner. "D2.2 - Smart Sensor Systems - Packaging Technologien for Multi-Sensory Consumer Applications." In SENSOR+TEST Conferences 2009. AMA Service GmbH, Von-Münchhausen-Str. 49, 31515 Wunstorf, Germany, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5162/sensor09/v1/d2.2.

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Lawanna, Adtha. "Extended regression test model for test suite reduction." In 2017 IEEE 6th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcce.2017.8229217.

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Furuyama, Tohru. "Challenges of Digital Consumer and Mobile SoC's: More Moore Possible?" In Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/date.2007.364556.

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Németh, Erzsébet, and Alexandra Luksander. "CHILDREN AND CONSUMER TEMPTATIONS - FINANCIAL PERSONALITY TEST FOR CHILDREN." In 12th Economics & Finance Conference, Dubrovnik. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/efc.2019.012.018.

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Nishinaga, Nozomu. "Radiation test results of consumer type S-RAM FPGA." In 56th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation, the International Academy of Astronautics, and the International Institute of Space Law. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.iac-05-b3.1.07.

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Pezzolo. "Technical Details of a Cebus Test House." In IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics. IEEE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce.1990.665940.

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Kelly and Schoechle. "A Residential Energy Management Test Using Cebus." In IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics. IEEE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce.1990.665941.

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Kaniel, A., D. Stegmeir, and K. M. Rabii. "Multimedia CRT Preamp with Overlay and Test." In IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics. IEEE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce.1994.582273.

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Reports on the topic "Consumer test"

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Bronnenberg, Bart, Jean-Pierre Dubé, and Robert Sanders. Consumer Misinformation and the Brand Premium: A Private Label Blind Taste Test. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25214.

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Dols, W. Stuart. Ventilation characterization of the Consumer Product Safety Commission combustion test chamber facility. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.4415.

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Gan, Li, and Tarun Sabarwal. A Simple Test of Adverse Events and Strategic Timing Theories of Consumer Bankruptcy. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11763.

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Abaluck, Jason, and Jonathan Gruber. The Robustness of Tests for Consumer Choice Inconsistencies. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21617.

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Davis, Lucas, and Erich Muehlegger. Do Americans Consume Too Little Natural Gas? An Empirical Test of Marginal Cost Pricing. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15885.

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Melanie, Haupt, and Hellweg Stefanie. Synthesis of the NRP 70 joint project “Waste management to support the energy turnaround (wastEturn)”. Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46446/publication_nrp70_nrp71.2020.2.en.

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A great deal of energy can be sourced both directly and indirectly from waste. For example, municipal waste with an energy content of around 60 petajoules is incinerated in Switzerland every year. The energy recovered directly from this waste covers around 4 % of the Swiss energy demand. However, the greatest potential offered by waste management lies in the recovery of secondary raw materials during the recycling process, thus indirectly avoiding the energy-intensive production of primary raw materials. In order to optimise the contribution to the energy turnaround made by waste management, as a first step, improvements need to be made with respect to the transparent documentation of material and cash flows, in particular. On the basis of this, prioritisation according to the energy efficiency of various recycling and disposal channels is required. Paper and cardboard as well as plastic have been identified as the waste fractions with the greatest potential for improvement. In the case of paper and cardboard, the large quantities involved result in considerable impact. With the exception of PET drinks bottles, plastic waste is often not separately collected and therefore offers substantial improvement potential. Significant optimisation potential has also been identified with regard to the energy efficiency of incineration plants. To allow municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) plants to use the heat they generate more effectively, however, consumers of the recovered steam and heat need to be located close by. A decisive success factor when transitioning towards an energy-efficient waste management system will be the cooperation between the many stakeholders of the federally organised sector. On the one hand, the sector needs to be increasingly organised along the value chains. On the other hand, however, there is also a need to utilise the freedom that comes with federal diversity in order to test different solutions.
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Vargas-Herrera, Hernando, Pamela Andrea Cardozo-Ortiz, Daniel Esteban Osorio-Rodríguez, Wilmar Alexander Cabrera-Rodríguez, Nathali Cardozo-Alvarado, Jorge Cely, Felipe Clavijo, et al. Reporte de Estabilidad Financiera - II semestre 2020. Banco de la República de Colombia, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-estab-fin.sem2-2020.

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El sistema financiero colombiano no ha sufrido mayores traumatismos estructurales durante estos meses de profunda contracción económica, y ha continuado prestando con normalidad sus funciones básicas, facilitando la respuesta de la economía a condiciones extremas. Ello es el resultado de la solidez de las entidades financieras al inicio de la crisis, reflejada en elevados indicadores de liquidez y solvencia, y de la oportuna respuesta de distintas entidades. El Banco de la República redujo 250 puntos sus tasas de interés de política, hasta 1,75%, el menor nivel desde la creación del nuevo Banco independiente en 1991, y otorgó amplia liquidez transitoria y permanente, tanto en pesos como en moneda extranjera. Por su parte, la Superintendencia Financiera de Colombia adoptó medidas prudenciales para facilitar cambios en las condiciones de los créditos vigentes y reglas transitorias de calificación y constitución de provisiones. Finalmente, el Gobierno Nacional expandió las transferencias y los programas de créditos garantizados a la economía. El acervo de crédito real (i.e. descontando la inflación) en la economía supera hoy en 4% el de hace 12 meses, con crecimientos especialmente marcados en la cartera de vivienda (5,6%) y comercial (4,7%) (2,3% en consumo y -0,1% en microcrédito), pero ha habido cambios importantes en el tiempo. En los meses iniciales de la cuarentena las firmas elevaron fuertemente sus demandas por liquidez, y los consumidores las redujeron, mientras que en los meses recientes la dinámica del crédito a las firmas ha tendido a desacelerarse, y la del crédito a los consumidores y a la vivienda ha crecido. El sistema financiero ha respondido satisfactoriamente a la evolución de la demanda relativa de cada grupo o sector, y el crédito posiblemente crecerá a tasas altas en 2021 si el PIB crece a tasas cercanas a 4,6% como lo espera el equipo técnico del Banco, pero los pronósticos son altamente inciertos. Luego de la fuerte cuarentena implementada por las autoridades en Colombia, las turbulencias observadas en marzo y comienzos de abril, evidentes en el enrojecimiento repentino de variables macroeconómicas en el mapa de riesgos del Gráfico A , y la caída en los precios del petróleo y el carbón (nótese las altas volatilidades registradas en la región de riesgo de mercado del Gráfico A), los mercados financieros locales se estabilizaron con relativa rapidez. En esta estabilización tuvo un papel determinante la respuesta de política creíble y sostenida del Banco de la República en lo referente a la provisión de liquidez, con una fuerte expansión de operaciones repo (y variaciones en montos, plazos, contrapartes e instrumentos admisibles), la compra definitiva de deuda pública y privada, y la reducción del encaje de los bancos. En este sentido, hoy se observa abundante liquidez agregada y mejoras importantes en la posición de liquidez de los fondos de inversión colectiva. En este contexto, el principal factor de incertidumbre para la estabilidad financiera en el corto plazo continúa siendo el alto grado de incertidumbre que rodea a la calidad de la cartera. En primer lugar, es incierta la trayectoria futura del número de contagiados y fallecidos como consecuencia del virus y la eventual necesidad de medidas sanitarias adicionales. Por tal razón, también existe incertidumbre sobre la senda de recuperación de la economía en el corto y mediano plazo. En segundo lugar, es incierto el grado en que el choque actual se reflejará en la calidad de la cartera una vez se materialice el riesgo en los estados financieros. De momento, el mapa de riesgos (Gráfico B) indica que la cartera vencida y la cartera riesgosa no han mostrado mayores deterioros, pero la experiencia histórica indica que períodos de fuerte desaceleración económica tienden a coincidir eventualmente con aumentos de la cartera vencida: los cálculos incluidos en este reporte sugieren que el impacto de la recesión sobre la calidad del crédito en el corto plazo podría ser significativo. Ello es particularmente preocupante teniendo en cuenta que la rentabilidad de los establecimientos de crédito ha venido reduciéndose en meses recientes, lo cual podría afectar su capacidad para otorgar crédito al sector real de la economía. Con el fin de adoptar un enfoque prospectivo de cara a las vulnerabilidades identificadas, este reporte presenta varios ejercicios de sensibilidad (stress tests) que evalúan la resiliencia de la liquidez y la solvencia de los establecimientos de crédito y de los fondos de inversión colectiva ante escenarios hipotéticos que buscan aproximarse a una versión extrema de las condiciones económicas actuales. Los resultados sugieren que, en tales escenarios, se observarían fuertes impactos sobre el volumen de crédito y la rentabilidad de los establecimientos de crédito, aunque los indicadores agregados de solvencia total y básica permanecerían en niveles superiores a los límites regulatorios durante el horizonte de los ejercicios. Al tiempo, los ejercicios resaltan la alta capacidad que tiene la liquidez del sistema para enfrentar escenarios adversos. En cumplimiento de sus objetivos constitucionales y en coordinación con la red de seguridad del sistema financiero, el Banco de la República continuará monitoreando de cerca el panorama de estabilidad financiera en esta coyuntura y tomará aquellas decisiones que sean necesarias para garantizar el adecuado funcionamiento de la economía, facilitar los flujos de recursos suficientes de crédito y liquidez, y promover el buen funcionamiento del sistema de pagos. Juan José Echavarría Gerente General
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Financial Stability Report - Second Semester of 2020. Banco de la República de Colombia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-estab-fin.sem2.eng-2020.

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The Colombian financial system has not suffered major structural disruptions during these months of deep economic contraction and has continued to carry out its basic functions as usual, thus facilitating the economy's response to extreme conditions. This is the result of the soundness of financial institutions at the beginning of the crisis, which was reflected in high liquidity and capital adequacy indicators as well as in the timely response of various authorities. Banco de la República lowered its policy interest rates 250 points to 1.75%, the lowest level since the creation of the new independent bank in 1991, and provided ample temporary and permanent liquidity in both pesos and foreign currency. The Office of the Financial Superintendent of Colombia, in turn, adopted prudential measures to facilitate changes in the conditions for loans in effect and temporary rules for rating and loan-loss provisions. Finally, the national government expanded the transfers as well as the guaranteed credit programs for the economy. The supply of real credit (i.e. discounting inflation) in the economy is 4% higher today than it was 12 months ago with especially marked growth in the housing (5.6%) and commercial (4.7%) loan portfolios (2.3% in consumer and -0.1% in microloans), but there have been significant changes over time. During the first few months of the quarantine, firms increased their demands for liquidity sharply while consumers reduced theirs. Since then, the growth of credit to firms has tended to slow down, while consumer and housing credit has grown. The financial system has responded satisfactorily to the changes in the respective demands of each group or sector and loans may grow at high rates in 2021 if GDP grows at rates close to 4.6% as the technical staff at the Bank expects; but the forecasts are highly uncertain. After the strict quarantine implemented by authorities in Colombia, the turmoil seen in March and early April, which was evident in the sudden reddening of macroeconomic variables on the risk heatmap in Graph A,[1] and the drop in crude oil and coal prices (note the high volatility registered in market risk for the region on Graph A) the local financial markets stabilized relatively quickly. Banco de la República’s credible and sustained policy response played a decisive role in this stabilization in terms of liquidity provision through a sharp expansion of repo operations (and changes in amounts, terms, counterparties, and eligible instruments), the purchases of public and private debt, and the reduction in bank reserve requirements. In this respect, there is now abundant aggregate liquidity and significant improvements in the liquidity position of investment funds. In this context, the main vulnerability factor for financial stability in the short term is still the high degree of uncertainty surrounding loan quality. First, the future trajectory of the number of people infected and deceased by the virus and the possible need for additional health measures is uncertain. For that reason, there is also uncertainty about the path for economic recovery in the short and medium term. Second, the degree to which the current shock will be reflected in loan quality once the risk materializes in banks’ financial statements is uncertain. For the time being, the credit risk heatmap (Graph B) indicates that non-performing and risky loans have not shown major deterioration, but past experience indicates that periods of sharp economic slowdown eventually tend to coincide with rises in non-performing loans: the calculations included in this report suggest that the impact of the recession on credit quality could be significant in the short term. This is particularly worrying since the profitability of credit establishments has been declining in recent months, and this could affect their ability to provide credit to the real sector of the economy. In order to adopt a forward-looking approach to this vulnerability, this Report presents several stress tests that evaluate the resilience of the liquidity and capital adequacy of credit institutions and investment funds in the event of a hypothetical scenario that seeks to simulate an extreme version of current macroeconomic conditions. The results suggest that even though there could be strong impacts on the credit institutions’ volume of credit and profitability under such scenarios, aggregate indicators of total and core capital adequacy will probably remain at levels that are above the regulatory limits over the horizon of a year. At the same time, the exercises highlight the high capacity of the system's liquidity to face adverse scenarios. In compliance with its constitutional objectives and in coordination with the financial system's security network, Banco de la República will continue to closely monitor the outlook for financial stability at this juncture and will make the decisions that are necessary to ensure the proper functioning of the economy, facilitate the flow of sufficient credit and liquidity resources, and further the smooth operation of the payment systems. Juan José Echavarría Governor
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Financial Stability Report - September 2015. Banco de la República, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-estab-fin.sem2.eng-2015.

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From this edition, the Financial Stability Report will have fewer pages with some changes in its structure. The purpose of this change is to present the most relevant facts of the financial system and their implications on the financial stability. This allows displaying the analysis more concisely and clearly, as it will focus on describing the evolution of the variables that have the greatest impact on the performance of the financial system, for estimating then the effect of a possible materialization of these risks on the financial health of the institutions. The changing dynamics of the risks faced by the financial system implies that the content of the Report adopts this new structure; therefore, some analyses and series that were regularly included will not necessarily be in each issue. However, the statistical annex that accompanies the publication of the Report will continue to present the series that were traditionally included, regardless of whether or not they are part of the content of the Report. In this way we expect to contribute in a more comprehensive way to the study and analysis of the stability of the Colombian financial system. Executive Summary During the first half of 2015, the main advanced economies showed a slow recovery on their growth, while emerging economies continued with their slowdown trend. Domestic demand in the United States allowed for stabilization on its average growth for the first half of the year, while other developed economies such as the United Kingdom, the euro zone, and Japan showed a more gradual recovery. On the other hand, the Chinese economy exhibited the lowest growth rate in five years, which has resulted in lower global dynamism. This has led to a fall in prices of the main export goods of some Latin American economies, especially oil, whose price has also responded to a larger global supply. The decrease in the terms of trade of the Latin American economies has had an impact on national income, domestic demand, and growth. This scenario has been reflected in increases in sovereign risk spreads, devaluations of stock indices, and depreciation of the exchange rates of most countries in the region. For Colombia, the fall in oil prices has also led to a decline in the terms of trade, resulting in pressure on the dynamics of national income. Additionally, the lower demand for exports helped to widen the current account deficit. This affected the prospects and economic growth of the country during the first half of 2015. This economic context could have an impact on the payment capacity of debtors and on the valuation of investments, affecting the soundness of the financial system. However, the results of the analysis featured in this edition of the Report show that, facing an adverse scenario, the vulnerability of the financial system in terms of solvency and liquidity is low. The analysis of the current situation of credit institutions (CI) shows that growth of the gross loan portfolio remained relatively stable, as well as the loan portfolio quality indicators, except for microcredit, which showed a decrease in these indicators. Regarding liabilities, traditional sources of funding have lost market share versus non-traditional ones (bonds, money market operations and in the interbank market), but still represent more than 70%. Moreover, the solvency indicator remained relatively stable. As for non-banking financial institutions (NBFI), the slowdown observed during the first six months of 2015 in the real annual growth of the assets total, both in the proprietary and third party position, stands out. The analysis of the main debtors of the financial system shows that indebtedness of the private corporate sector has increased in the last year, mostly driven by an increase in the debt balance with domestic and foreign financial institutions. However, the increase in this latter source of funding has been influenced by the depreciation of the Colombian peso vis-à-vis the US dollar since mid-2014. The financial indicators reflected a favorable behavior with respect to the historical average, except for the profitability indicators; although they were below the average, they have shown improvement in the last year. By economic sector, it is noted that the firms focused on farming, mining and transportation activities recorded the highest levels of risk perception by credit institutions, and the largest increases in default levels with respect to those observed in December 2014. Meanwhile, households have shown an increase in the financial burden, mainly due to growth in the consumer loan portfolio, in which the modalities of credit card, payroll deductible loan, revolving and vehicle loan are those that have reported greater increases in risk indicators. On the side of investments that could be affected by the devaluation in the portfolio of credit institutions and non-banking financial institutions (NBFI), the largest share of public debt securities, variable-yield securities and domestic private debt securities is highlighted. The value of these portfolios fell between February and August 2015, driven by the devaluation in the market of these investments throughout the year. Furthermore, the analysis of the liquidity risk indicator (LRI) shows that all intermediaries showed adequate levels and exhibit a stable behavior. Likewise, the fragility analysis of the financial system associated with the increase in the use of non-traditional funding sources does not evidence a greater exposure to liquidity risk. Stress tests assess the impact of the possible joint materialization of credit and market risks, and reveal that neither the aggregate solvency indicator, nor the liquidity risk indicator (LRI) of the system would be below the established legal limits. The entities that result more individually affected have a low share in the total assets of the credit institutions; therefore, a risk to the financial system as a whole is not observed. José Darío Uribe Governor
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