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Journal articles on the topic 'Contact sponge water absorption test'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Cui, Zhengshan, Wanxia He, Jun Liu, et al. "Fabrication of polysiloxane-modified polyurethane sponge as low-cost organics/water separation and selective absorption material." Water Science and Technology 74, no. 8 (2016): 1936–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.348.

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Through sol-gel and dip-coating processes, commercial polyurethane sponge modified by polysiloxane was fabricated under low temperature (60 °C) and atmosphere. The contact angle of the obtained polysiloxane/polyurethane sponge is 145 ± 5°. Hence, the polysiloxane/polyurethane sponge could float on water and selectively absorb organics from the surface of the water, indicating simultaneous properties of hydrophobicity and oleophilicity. The absorbent maximum value is 50–150 times of its own weight. The polysiloxane/polyurethane sponge exhibited excellent recyclability, which could be reused by

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2

Prompawilai, Arisa, Supan Yodyingyong, and Darapond Triampo. "Effects of Tetraethyl Orthosilicate on Improving Adhesion Between Polyurethane Sponge/Hydrophobic Silica Gel Composite Materials for Oily Wastewater Treatment." Science of Advanced Materials 12, no. 2 (2020): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2020.3626.

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The environmental disposal of oily wastewater is a challenge to household and food industries. Cost-effective oil absorbent materials for oily wastewater treatment have been developed by various methods, one of which, the modification with hydrophobic particles. However, the oil absorbents still suffer high cost and low reusability because of the insufficient adhesion between supported material and the hydrophobic particles. Herein, a low cost and simple method to fabricate oil absorbents were reported by immersing commercial polyurethane (PU) sponge in hydrophobic silica gel. The adhesion bet

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3

DIANA-IRINEL, Băilă, Păcurar RAZVAN, and Păcurar ANCU?A. "Moisture Absorption Behavior of CP5 Composite Materials Used in Industry." Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics 18 (October 20, 2022): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1192332.

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In engineering practice, perhaps the most interesting aspect of woodworking deals with the relationship between wood and moisture. The plywood composite presents hygroscopicity characteristic, as the wood and reaction almost like a sponge, will gain or lose moisture from the air based upon the conditions of the surrounding environment. When the tree is in the green state, is first felled, it contains a very large amount of moisture existing in two different forms: as free water that is contained as liquid in the pores or vessels of the wood itself and as bound water, trapped within the cell wa

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4

Visco, Annamaria, Antonino Quattrocchi, Davide Nocita, Roberto Montanini, and Alessandro Pistone. "Polyurethane Foams Loaded with Carbon Nanofibers for Oil Spill Recovery: Mechanical Properties under Fatigue Conditions and Selective Absorption in Oil/Water Mixtures." Nanomaterials 11, no. 3 (2021): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11030735.

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Marine pollution due to spillage of hydrocarbons represents a well-known current environmental problem. In order to recover the otherwise wasted oils and to prevent pollution damage, polyurethane foams are considered suitable materials for their ability to separate oils from sea-water and for their reusability. In this work we studied polyurethane foams filled with carbon nanofibers, in varying amounts, aimed at enhancing the selectivity of the material towards the oils and at improving the mechanical durability of the foam. Polyurethane-based foams were experimentally characterized by morphol

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5

Lettieri, Mariateresa, Maurizio Masieri, Marika Aquaro, Debora Dilorenzo, and Mariaenrica Frigione. "Eco-Friendly Protective Coating to Extend the Life of Art-Works and Structures Made in Porous Stone Materials." Coatings 11, no. 11 (2021): 1270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111270.

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The application of hydrophobic treatments to stone surfaces is the most common proven method to prevent, or at least limit, the degradation of stone-made constructions and artworks brought about by the ingress and action of water, in particular in the case of very porous stone materials. To avoid the use of protective products containing harmful solvents, new green products have been proposed. In this paper, an eco-friendly hydrophobic coating, based on a fluorine polymer dispersed in water, was deeply analyzed to evaluate its protective properties, especially for very porous stone substrates.

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Arumugam, Soundhar, Jayakrishna Kandasamy, Ain Umaira Md Shah, et al. "Investigations on the Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber/Sisal Fiber/Chitosan Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Sandwich Composite Scaffolds for Bone Fracture Fixation Applications." Polymers 12, no. 7 (2020): 1501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12071501.

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This study aims to explore the mechanical properties of hybrid glass fiber (GF)/sisal fiber (SF)/chitosan (CTS) composite material for orthopedic long bone plate applications. The GF/SF/CTS hybrid composite possesses a unique sandwich structure and comprises GF/CTS/epoxy as the external layers and SF/CTS/epoxy as the inner layers. The composite plate resembles the human bone structure (spongy internal cancellous matrix and rigid external cortical). The mechanical properties of the prepared hybrid sandwich composites samples were evaluated using tensile, flexural, micro hardness, and compressio

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7

Eka Putri, Niken Aprilia, Arif Tjahjono, and Perdamean Sebayang. "Analysis of Superhydrophobic-Superoleophilic Properties on Modification of Polyurethane Sponge for Selective Oil-Water Separation." Al-Fiziya: Journal of Materials Science, Geophysics, Instrumentation and Theoretical Physics 4, no. 1 (2021): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/fiziya.v4i1.19697.

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In this research, a modification of polyurethane (PU) sponge material has been made to obtain superhydrophobic-superoleophilic properties. The PU sponge was coated with several nanomaterials such as ZnO, Fe3O4+TEOS, and stearic acid by dip-coating and drop-coating methods. The tests include selective separation of oil and water with a magnetic response. Several types of oil and organic solvents were tested for absorption capacity. The results showed that the PU@ZnO@Fe3O4@SA sponge has a good absorption capacity, from 4.37 mL to 7.37 mL. The fabricated PU sponge could selectively separate oil f

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8

Hong, Peng, Zhu Liu, Yang Gao, et al. "Fabricated of Superhydrophobic Silanized Melamine Sponge with Photochromic Properties for Efficiency Oil/Water Separation." Advances in Polymer Technology 2019 (November 13, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9536320.

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Superhydrophobic sponge as potential absorbing material for oil/water separation is attracting great attention recently. However, there are still some challenges to feasibly fabricate superhydrophobic sponge with large scale and low cost. Herein, a novel photochromic superhydrophobic melamine sponge (PDMS-SP sponge) is fabricated by facilely dip-coating and thermocuring of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxanes mixed with photochromic spiropyran. FT-IR, EDS, and XPS results confirm the successful coating of PDMS-SP upon melamine sponge. The resultant sponge not only possesses excellent wate

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9

Vandevoorde, Delphine, Marisa Pamplona, Olivier Schalm, Yves Vanhellemont, Veerle Cnudde, and Eddy Verhaeven. "Contact sponge method: Performance of a promising tool for measuring the initial water absorption." Journal of Cultural Heritage 10, no. 1 (2009): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2008.10.002.

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10

Liu, De, Shiying Wang, Tao Wu, and Yujiang Li. "A Robust Superhydrophobic Polyurethane Sponge Loaded with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Efficient and Selective Oil-Water Separation." Nanomaterials 11, no. 12 (2021): 3344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11123344.

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The influence of different coupling agents and coupling times on the wettability of a polyurethane (PU) sponge surface were optimized. Octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) was selected as the optimal coupling agent to prepare the superhydrophobic sponge. The superhydrophobic sponge was prepared in one step, which has the advantages of simple operation and enhanced durability. The superhydrophobic sponge was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Teclis Tracker tensiometry, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometry. The water contact angle increased from 64.1° to 151.3°, exhibi

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11

Cheng, Junjie, Jie Hu, Jiawei Wang, Zefei Huang, and Baoqian Ye. "A Modified Porous Sponge with Selective Ability for Oil Removal from Oil-Water Mixtures." Adsorption Science & Technology 2022 (April 12, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4790592.

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As oil and chemical spills pose a significant threat to the water environment, the need to develop efficient sorbent materials to remove oil and organic pollutants from water has arisen. This study aimed to develop a simple modification scheme to impart oil and water selective absorption capacity to a common three-dimensional porous material. Commercially available polyurethane sponges were used as the base material, and vinyl silica aerogel particles were loaded onto the sponges using polydimethylsiloxane as an adhesion agent. As a result, the water contact angle of the modified sponge increa

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Liu, Chao, Su-Hua Chen, Chi-Hao Yang-Zhou, Qiu-Gen Zhang, and Ruby N. Michael. "Application of Nano-Hydroxyapatite Derived from Oyster Shell in Fabricating Superhydrophobic Sponge for Efficient Oil/Water Separation." Molecules 26, no. 12 (2021): 3703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26123703.

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The exploration of nonhazardous nanoparticles to fabricate a template-driven superhydrophobic surface is of great ecological importance for oil/water separation in practice. In this work, nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HAp) with good biocompatibility was easily developed from discarded oyster shells and well incorporated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to create a superhydrophobic surface on a polyurethane (PU) sponge using a facile solution–immersion method. The obtained nano-HAp coated PU (nano-HAp/PU) sponge exhibited both excellent oil/water selectivity with water contact angles of over 150° a

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13

Punyanitya, Sittiporn, Sakdiphon Thiansem, Rungsarit Koonawoot, Watchara Sontichai, and Somchart Suchaitanawanit. "Preparation and Characterization of a New Absorbent Pad from Rice Starch." Materials Science Forum 990 (May 2020): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.990.91.

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Thisresearch was aimed to studying absorbent pad of adhesive bandage. The absorbent pad made from rice starch composite. This material used for healingprocessofwounds.One component of adhesive bandage is the part contact wound (absorbent pad) that obtained rice starch-based sponge for hemostatic and mixed with povidone-iodine for antibacteria. In this study, we prepared a new absorbent pad from rice starch by lyophilization and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water absortion, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and disk diffusion method

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14

Ponnamma, Deepalekshmi, Sabari S Nair, Hemalatha Parangusan, et al. "White Graphene-Cobalt Oxide Hybrid Filler Reinforced Polystyrene Nanofibers for Selective Oil Absorption." Polymers 12, no. 1 (2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12010004.

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In this work, stable hydrophobic nanocomposites are made from electrospun fibers of polystyrene (PS) containing a hybrid filler combination of (i) hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and (ii) cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanomaterials. Good synergistic interaction is observed between the nanomaterials, since the growth of Co3O4 was carried out in presence of white graphene nanosheets. Filler synergy modifies the PS surfaces, by enhancing the filler-polymer interfacial interactions and provides good tensile strength. The hydrophobic films are gamma irradiated to improve crosslinking within the polymer nanoco

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15

Qi, Bowen, Peilong Xu, and Chengzhao Wu. "Analysis of the Infiltration and Water Storage Performance of Recycled Brick Mix Aggregates in Sponge City Construction." Water 15, no. 2 (2023): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15020363.

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With the gradual advancement of urbanization, urban hardened roofs and pavements are increasing, and the rainwater cycle is being seriously damaged; sponge city construction has become an inevitable trend to address this problem. The analysis of the infiltration and storage performance of recycled brick aggregate, which is highly absorbent and can be used as a permeable paving material in sponge cities, is of great significance. The study firstly designed a simulated rainfall test device, then carried out tests in terms of aggregate gradation, aggregate type, and aggregate grade, and finally a

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16

Velkavrh, Igor, Stefan Klien, Joel Voyer, Florian Ausserer, and Alexander Diem. "Influence of Water Absorption on Static Friction of Pure and Friction-Modified PA6 Polymers." Key Engineering Materials 799 (April 2019): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.799.59.

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In the present study, static coefficients of friction of pure and friction modified (FM) polyamide 6 (PA6) polymers against primer-coated steel surfaces were investigated under a series of nominal contact pressures and by considering the influences of water absorption by the polymer, temperature, counter-body surface roughness and lubrication conditions. Under the majority of the test conditions investigated, FM PA6 exhibited lower static friction than pure PA6. Under unlubricated conditions, this was due to the low adhesion of the FM PA6 provided by its friction modifying inclusions; while un

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17

Kurama, Semra, and Elif Eren Gültekin. "Characterization of Silicate Ceramics Using Ultrasonics Test Method." Advances in Science and Technology 92 (October 2014): 194–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.92.194.

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Non-destructive testing techniques are widely used for testing ceramic materials. In our studies, two different types of ultrasonic test methods (A-scan and C-Scan) were investigated as non-destructive testing methods for characterization of porcelain tiles. Tiles were sintered in different temperatures to change their porosity and density properties. By changing of ultrasonic time and velocity related with samples’ some physical properties (such as bulk density, apparent density, apparent porosity (%), water absorption (%)) inspected via contact A-scan ultrasonic test method. The results show

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18

Arévalo-Alquichire, Said, Maria Morales-Gonzalez, Luis Diaz, and Manuel Valero. "Surface Response Methodology-Based Mixture Design to Study the Influence of Polyol Blend Composition on Polyurethanes’ Properties." Molecules 23, no. 8 (2018): 1942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23081942.

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Polyurethanes are materials with a strong structure-property relationship. The goal of this research was to study the effect of a polyol blend composition of polyurethanes on its properties using a mixture design and setting mathematic models for each property. Water absorption, hydrolytic degradation, contact angle, tensile strength hardness and modulus were studied. Additionally, thermal stability was studied by thermogravimetric analysis. Area under the curve was used to evaluate the effect of polyol blend composition on thermal stability and kinetics of water absorption and hydrolytic degr

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19

Shen, Xiaojun, Panli Huang, Fengfeng Li, Xiluan Wang, Tongqi Yuan, and Runcang Sun. "Compressive Alginate Sponge Derived from Seaweed Biomass Resources for Methylene Blue Removal from Wastewater." Polymers 11, no. 6 (2019): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11060961.

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Low cost fabrication of water treatment polymer materials directly from biomass resources is urgently needed in recent days. Herein, a compressive alginate sponge (AS) is prepared from seaweed biomass resources through a green two-step lyophilization method. This material is much different from conventional oven-, air-, vacuum-dried alginate-based adsorbents, which show limitations of shrinkage, rigidness, tight nonporous structure and restricted ions diffusion, hindering its practical applications, and was used to efficiently remove methylene blue (MB), a main colorful contaminant in dye manu

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20

Hekmati, Amir Houshang, Nabyl Khenoussi, Habiba Nouali, Joël Patarin, and Jean-Yves Drean. "Effect of nanofiber diameter on water absorption properties and pore size of polyamide-6 electrospun nanoweb." Textile Research Journal 84, no. 19 (2014): 2045–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517514532160.

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Electrospinning is a common method used to produce nanofiber from almost all types of polymers. By changing effective parameters of this process, especially polymer solution concentration, it is possible to produce nanoweb that consists of nanofibers with different averages of diameter. Here, the effect of nanofibers’ diameter on textural properties (water absorption time and pore size) of polyamide-6 nanoweb has been studied. In this way, three nanowebs with nanofibers’ average diameter of 111, 151, and 318 nm were electrospun from three different concentrations of 15, 20, and 25 wt%, respect

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21

Losada, Martin, Katherine Mackie, Joseph H. Osborne, and Santanu Chaudhuri. "Understanding Nanoscale Wetting Using Dynamic Local Contact Angle Method." Advanced Materials Research 138 (October 2010): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.138.107.

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A multiscale quantum/classical-framework for hydrophobicity and UV absorption in heterogeneous coatings is presented. Atomistic water droplet simulations on coated oxide surface are used to define nanoscale contact-angles using a new numerical technique called the dynamic local contact angle (DLCA) method. The DLCA method is well suited to calculate macroscopic contact angles for polymeric and composite coatings. The accuracy of the method is tested for a series of common polymers and composites. In addition, the sensitivity of the contact angles towards functional groups and nanoscale roughne

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22

Geng, Yongjuan, Shaochun Li, Dongshuai Hou, Xu Chen, and Zuquan Jin. "Effect of SiO2 Sol/Silane Emulsion in Reducing Water and Chloride Ion Penetration in Concrete." Coatings 10, no. 7 (2020): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10070682.

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Here, a new concrete hydrophobic treatment method is developed using SiO2 sol and silane emulsion. The effectiveness of the modification for concrete protection is evaluated through testing water absorption and chloride diffusion. Two types of concrete with different strength grades (C40, C50) are used as the research object. The results show that the water capillary absorption coefficient and chloride ion diffusion coefficient of concrete decrease greatly under the protection of SiO2 sol and silane emulsion. Additionally, the protection effect is better with the increase of SiO2 consumption.

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23

Courard, Luc, and Robert Degeimbre. "A capillary action test for the investigation of adhesion in repair technology." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 30, no. 6 (2003): 1101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l03-061.

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When repair material is laid down on a concrete substrate, the porosity of concrete allows it to penetrate the substrate, increasing the probability of physical interactions, and subsequently increasing adhesion. Water absorption by immersion or usual capillary action tests do not provide enough information to understand what happens when contact occurs between the concrete substrate and the cement slurries used as a bonding layer. An adaptation of the capillary action test is presented; this is based on a continuous measurement of mass change of the sample. Major differences according to the

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24

Park, Jang-Hyun, and Chang-Bok Yoon. "Properties and Durability of Cement Mortar Using Calcium Stearate and Natural Pozzolan for Concrete Surface Treatment." Materials 15, no. 16 (2022): 5762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15165762.

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Applying a concrete surface treatment method (epoxy or primer) can prevent water from penetrating concrete through surface pores. However, if the concrete surface is damaged, the subsequent reconstruction can be expensive and time-consuming. Concrete that is resistant to internal and external water has been extensively developed and used to supplement the surface treatment method. Herein, we prepared specimens by mixing cement mortar with fatty-acid-salt-based calcium stearate attached to two natural pozzolanic materials—diatomite and yellow clay. The physical tests measured (1) the air conten

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25

Kaplan, Sibel, and Selcuk Aslan. "Forearm test for disposable antibacterial foot sweat pads." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 28, no. 3 (2016): 300–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-03-2016-0031.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to obtain thermal sensations arise during skin-antibacterial modified foot sweat pad contact by subjective forearm test carried out on 14 males. Design/methodology/approach – Sweat pads were designed for the foot and topsheet layers, constituting of polypropylene (PP) or polylactic acid (PLA) nonwoven fabrics, were modified by herbal antibacterial agents (cinnamaldehyde, geraniol, phenylethyl alcohol). Antibacterial agents were applied directly or within polymers which prepared by three different polymerization methods. Dry and wet pads (including water 5

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26

Ma, Qingwen, and Sihan Liu. "Effect on Silt Capillary Water Absorption upon Addition of Sodium Methyl Silicate (SMS) and Microscopic Mechanism Analysis." Coatings 10, no. 8 (2020): 724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10080724.

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Silt has the characteristics of developed capillary pores and strong water sensitivity, and capillary water is an important factor inducing the erosion and slumping of silt sites. Therefore, in order to suppress the effect of capillary water, this article discusses the improvement effect of sodium methyl silicate (SMS) on silt. The effect was investigated by capillary water rise testing and contact angle measurement, and the inhibition mechanism is discussed from the microscopic view by X-ray diffraction (XRD) testing, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) testing, scanning electron microscope (SEM) testin

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27

Yorseng, Krittirash, Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa, Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai, and Suchart Siengchin. "Influence of Accelerated Weathering on the Mechanical, Fracture Morphology, Thermal Stability, Contact Angle, and Water Absorption Properties of Natural Fiber Fabric-Based Epoxy Hybrid Composites." Polymers 12, no. 10 (2020): 2254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12102254.

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Epoxy-based biocomposites are a good alternative for metals in lightweight applications. This research has been focused on the effect of accelerated weathering on the mechanical, thermal, contact angle, and water absorption behavior of neat epoxy, individual kenaf and sisal, and kenaf/sisal hybrid epoxy composites. The composite was fabricated by hand layup method. Among the various composites studied, sisal/kenaf/sisal hybrid epoxy composites showed the best properties and retained the thermo-mechanical properties with the lowest water absorption properties even after the weathering test. Thu

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28

Guo, Liyu, and Wenju Shan. "Water Source Heat Pump’s Stuck Problems and Solutions." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2174, no. 1 (2022): 012084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2174/1/012084.

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Abstract This paper analyses the water source heat pump’s normal stuck reasons, and test each of them. Identify the main reasons of the stuck pump is pump mechanical seal dynamic ring and static ring binding problems. (Poor water quality, water calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate grind through the dynamic and static ring, after a long time stop, static ring long force extrusion contact, static ring binding surface molecular diffusion migration adhesion), due to the two rings’ binding, rotating torque beyond the motor starting torque, make the motor can’t start normally. This paper aims to f

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29

Wei, Zhou, Naila Arshad, Muhammad Sultan Irshad, et al. "A Scalable Prototype by In Situ Polymerization of Biodegradables, Cross-Linked Molecular Mode of Vapor Transport, and Metal Ion Rejection for Solar-Driven Seawater Desalination." Crystals 11, no. 12 (2021): 1489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11121489.

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Water scarcity in mass populated areas has become a major global threat to the survival and sustainability of community life on earth, which needs the prompt attention of technological leadership. Solar evaporation has emerged as a renewable energy resource and a novel technique for clean water production and wastewater treatment. Indeed, mounting a scalable solar evaporator including high evaporation efficiency and thermal management remains a significant challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a self-floatable, ecofriendly polypyrrole/wood sponge-based (PPy@WS) steam generator. The low-cost and ea

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Madruga, Francisco J., Stefano Sfarra, Stefano Perilli, Elena Pivarčiová, and José M. López-Higuera. "Measuring the Water Content in Wood Using Step-Heating Thermography and Speckle Patterns-Preliminary Results." Sensors 20, no. 1 (2020): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20010316.

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The relationship between wood and its degree of humidity is one of the most important aspects of its use in construction and restoration. The wood presents a behavior similar to a sponge, therefore, moisture is related to its expansion and contraction. The nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of the amount of moisture in wood materials allows to define, e.g., the restoration procedures of buildings or artworks. In this work, an integrated study of two non-contact techniques is presented. Infrared thermography (IRT) was able to retrieve thermal parameters of the wood related to the amount of water a

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31

Zhang, Zhaohua, Xiangning Tang, Yunyi Wang, Jun Li, Miao Tian, and Ping Xiao. "Effect of Fiber Type, Water Content, and Velocity on Wetness Perception by the Volar Forearm Test: Stimulus Intensity Test." Perception 48, no. 9 (2019): 862–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006619863264.

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To investigate the effect of heat, moisture transfer, and mechanical tactile properties of fabrics on skin wetness perception when fabrics were in dynamic contact with skin at three velocities, nine knitted fabrics varying in fiber composition, thickness, and surface texture were evaluated by 20 participants using a wetness rating scale. The objective physical properties of the fabrics, namely, heat and moisture transfer and surface texture, and human physiological responses, namely, skin cooling rate and myoelectric signals, under various conditions were measured, and their correlations with

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32

Luna, Carlos Bruno Barreto, Edson Antonio dos Santos Filho, Danilo Diniz Siqueira, Edcleide Maria Araújo, Emanuel Pereira do Nascimento, and Tomás Jeferson Alves de Mélo. "Influence of Small Amounts of ABS and ABS-MA on PA6 Properties: Evaluation of Torque Rheometry, Mechanical, Thermomechanical, Thermal, Morphological, and Water Absorption Kinetics Characteristics." Materials 15, no. 7 (2022): 2502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15072502.

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In this work, polyamide 6 (PA6) properties were tailored and improved using a maleic anhydride-grafted acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer (ABS-MA). The PA6/ABS-MA blends were prepared using a co-rotational twin-screw extruder. Subsequently, the extruded pellets were injection-molded. Blends were characterized by torque rheometry, the Molau test, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), impact strength, tensile strength, Heat Deflection Temperature (HDT), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetry (TG), Contact Angle, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and water a

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33

Ma, Zheng Lu, Jui Chin Chen, Chi Hui Tsou, Yan Mei Wang, Xin Yuan Tian, and Chen Gao. "Mechanical Properties and Hydrophilicity of High-Density Polyethylene/Attapulgite Composites." Materials Science Forum 1047 (October 18, 2021): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1047.3.

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High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is used as the matrix and attapulgite (ATT) is used as the reinforcing phase. HDPE/ATT nanocomposites are prepared by melt blending. The effect of ATT content on the mechanical properties, water absorption and morphology of HDPE/ATT composites was studied. The results show that adding a small amount of ATT can improve the mechanical properties of HDPE, but excessive addition will reduce the mechanical properties of HDPE. The water absorption and contact angle test results show that as the ATT content increases, the composite material becomes more and more hydro

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Mhd Ramle, Sitti Fatimah, Aqilah Abdul Rahim, Nur Hafizzah Jusoh, Nurul Fazita Mohammad Rawi, and Che Ku Abdullah Che Ku Alam. "Analysis on the barrier properties of thin film PLA/PBAT reinforced with microcrystalline cellulose." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2129, no. 1 (2021): 012059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2129/1/012059.

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Abstract In recent times, awareness on plastic pollution had increase which brings innovation on new productions to be environmental friendly. Various polymers has been used to analyse the suitability to produce thin films. In this study, Poly lactic acid (PLA) and Polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) reinforced with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) were investigated. MCC were produced from selected bamboo for obtaining cellulose, then followed by an acidic hydrolysis process for the processing of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). In this study, the thin film are focusing on the barrier p

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Liu, Feng, Zhengxin Gao, Deli Zang, Chengyu Wang, and Jian Li. "Mechanical stability of superhydrophobic epoxy/silica coating for better water resistance of wood." Holzforschung 69, no. 3 (2015): 367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2014-0077.

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Abstract A three-step procedure has been developed for superhydrophobic coating on wood based on epoxy/silica materials in combination with hydrophobization. First, the epoxy resin is adhered to wood by immersing the samples into an epoxy resin acetone solution, then amino-functionalized silica particles are anchored by the epoxide groups, and finally, the created surface is modified by octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS). The superhydrophobic surface not only is water repellent, as shown by the contact angle (CA) tests, but also decreases essentially the wood’s water absorption as determined by a

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Prastuti, Okky Putri, Ayu Tri Septianingrum, Elisya Dianty Fatmala, Ufafa Anggarini, Tri Eddy Susanto, and Nuvixca Dewi Milangsari. "THE EFFECT OF REVERSE FLOTATION METHOD ON SILICA SAND AS WATERPROOFING MORTAR." Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia 22, no. 1 (2021): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/jsmi.2020.22.1.5991.

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THE EFFECT OF REVERSE FLOTATION METHOD ON SILICA SAND AS WATERPROOFING MORTAR. Waterproof fabrication mortar cement by silica sand using reverse flotation silica (RFS) method was evaluated by waterproof absorption coefficient, compressive strength test, attractive test, and contact angle. RFS is used to replace waterproof agent and aggregate mortar to reduce cost. The aims of this experiment are to know the RFS process, the ratio between waterproof mortar cement with RFS and mortar, to determine performance and characteristic waterproof mortar cement. Methods used are prepared RFS, mortar ceme

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Bátori, Veronika, Mostafa Jabbari, Rajiv K. Srivastava, et al. "Synthesis and characterization of maleic anhydride-grafted orange waste for potential use in biocomposites." BioResources 13, no. 3 (2018): 4986–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.13.3.4986-4997.

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The purpose of the study was to develop a less hydrophilic, and therefore more useful, material from orange waste produced in large quantities by the food industry. A new derivative of industrial orange waste was synthesized via esterification with maleic anhydride. The reaction was confirmed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the degree of substitution of the hydroxyl groups was 0.39 ± 0.01, as determined by a back-titration method. A major change in physical structure was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The flake-like structure of orange waste changed to

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Członka, Sylwia, Anna Strąkowska, Krzysztof Strzelec, Agnieszka Adamus-Włodarczyk, Agnė Kairytė, and Saulius Vaitkus. "Composites of Rigid Polyurethane Foams Reinforced with POSS." Polymers 11, no. 2 (2019): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11020336.

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Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were successfully modified with different weight ratios (0.5 wt%, 1.5 wt% and 5 wt%) of APIB-POSS and AEAPIB-POSS. The resulting foams were evaluated by their processing parameters, morphology (Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis, SEM), mechanical properties (compressive test, three-point bending test and impact strength), viscoelastic behavior (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, DMA), thermal properties (Thermogravimetric Analysis, TGA, and thermal conductivity) and application properties (contact angle, water absorption and dimensional analysis). The results show

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Hakim, Yusuf Zaim, Yoki Yulizar, Adi Nurcahyo, and Magun Surya. "Green Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes from Coconut Shell Waste for the Adsorption of Pb(II) Ions." Acta Chimica Asiana 1, no. 1 (2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/aca.v1i1.2.

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Numerous complex methods have been developed for the preparation of carbon nanotubes (CNT) such as laser vaporization, arc discharge, pyrolysis, and chemical vapour deposition (CVD). In this study, an environmentally friendly and convenient method called one-step water assisted (quenching) synthesis method was conducted from graphite flakes, which were taken from coconut shell wastes to produce carbon nanotubes. Chemical and physical structure of the carbon nanotubes were characterized by FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscop

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Jeffery, Christopher A. "Assessment of Model Error in Limited-Area Simulations of Shallow Water Test Cases on the C-Grid Plane and Sphere." Monthly Weather Review 144, no. 10 (2016): 3591–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-12-00279.1.

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A suite of limited-area test cases for the solution of the shallow water (SW) equations on the plane and sphere is collected and evaluated using the Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS) modeling system. Included are regional simulations of standard test cases, as well as new viscous and linearized test cases with exact analytic solutions. Four different aspects of model error are isolated and thereby assessed: 1) error generated by grid nonuniformity on the plane and sphere, 2) time-independent (balanced) error and time-dependent (propagating wave) error, 3) lateral boundary implementatio

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Grabowska, Kalina Barbara, and Marcin Koniorczyk. "Internal hydrophobization of cementitious materials by using of organosilicon compounds." E3S Web of Conferences 172 (2020): 14006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017214006.

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The low resistance to harmful acting of water confined in porous, cement-based materials is a negative feature. As the consequence of porous structure these materials have not sufficient resistance as some physical and chemical detrimental factors. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the impact of organosilicon admixture based on silane and siloxane on physical properties of cement mortar. Internal hydrophobization can significantly improve the durability of a cement materials. At this paper the results of mechanical strength, absorbability and capillary water absorption of internally

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Kalbe, K., A. Annuk, A. Ruus, and T. Kalamees. "Experimental analysis of moisture uptake and dry-out in CLT end-grain exposed to free water." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2069, no. 1 (2021): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2069/1/012050.

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Abstract This paper presents the results of a series of laboratory tests of CLT end-grain moisture uptake and dry-out. We put CLT test details (TDs) in direct water contact from the end-grain edge and then left the TDs to dry for two weeks in the laboratory and in an outside shelter. Half of the TDs had their wet sides attached to another CLT detail. Fibre saturation point was quickly reached in the bottom part of the TDs during the seven-day water contact. A tendency of increasing moisture content (MC) was up to 90 mm from the wet edges, but we did not record MC levels above the critical leve

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Faruoli, M., G. Abbruzzese, RM Di Tommaso, and E. Nino. "Visualization of a Small Jet Synthetic Using a Particle Image Velocimetry and Background-Oriented Schlieren Techniques." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2293, no. 1 (2022): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2293/1/012002.

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Abstract This work reports the results of experimental investigations carried out on a submerged synthetic jet obtained through the use of a headset speaker piloted with an appropriate sinusoidal signal at a frequency of 380 Hz. The study begins with the construction of a device that, exploiting the well-known transport properties of impacting jets, was able to improve local ventilation and the removal of excess moisture, due to the natural transpiration of human skin in people forced to assume the same position for prolonged periods such as professional drivers; bedridden patients; etc… Subje

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Mrówka, Maciej, Tomasz Machoczek, Paweł Jureczko, Małgorzata Szymiczek, Magdalena Skonieczna, and Łukasz Marcoll. "Study of selected physical, chemical and biological properties of selected materials intended for contact with human body." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 21, no. 1 (2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2019-0001.

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Abstract The purpose of the conducted study was to analyse new materials intended for contact with the human body in view of their physical, chemical and biological properties. The authors have put to test six commercially available materials, four out of which were composite polyamide 12-based materials, while two were polyurethanes. The examined materials were assessed in terms of the surface. Subsequently, their hardness and biocompatibility were tested. The authors devoted major attention to the tests of absorption and emissivity of water, the pH = 7.4 PBS buffer solution and pH = 4.3 arti

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Fleureau, Jean-Marie, Legowo Wignyodarsono, and Moulay-Idriss Zerhouni. "Effect of surfactants on the mechanical properties of a kaolinite in relation to the solid – liquid contact angles." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 25, no. 4 (1988): 675–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t88-078.

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A laboratory test program was undertaken to assess the effects of various ionic surfactants on the mechanical and hydric properties of a kaolinite. The tests showed that surfactants, particularly the cationic species, significantly modified the properties of the unsaturated clay (water absorption rate, absorbed water quantity, suction, swelling, etc.); however, the behaviour of the saturated soil was hardly changed. These results were correlated with measurements of the wettability characteristics of thin plates of consolidated clay. An original method, based on the concept of unit work of dew

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Khasanah, Maulida, Anita Dewi Moelyaningrum, and Rahayu Sri Pujiati. "Analisis Perbedaan Tanaman Kayu Apu (Pistia stratiotes) sebagai Fitoremediasi Merkuri (Hg) pada Air." Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan 9, no. 3 (2018): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29238/sanitasi.v9i3.758.

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Amalgamation in the activities of gold processing produces liquid waste containing heavy metals mercury (Hg). Pistia stratiotes is a floating plant that has high adaptability to climate, rapidgrowth rate, and huge nutrients and water absorption.So that, it is possible to be used as phytoremediation plant for absorbing Hg in water. The purpose of this true experiment research wasto analyze the Hg concentration differences between waste water with and without Pistia stratiotes of 300 gr/ 6 l, 400 gr/ 6 l and 500 gr/ 6 weight in 10 days contact time. The data were analyzed by using One Way Anova

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Adamopoulos, Fotios G., Evangelia C. Vouvoudi, Dimitris S. Achilias, and Ioannis Karapanagiotis. "Fluorosilane Water-Repellent Coating for the Protection of Marble, Wood and Other Materials." Heritage 4, no. 4 (2021): 2668–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage4040150.

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The preservation of cultural heritage monuments and artifacts requires the development of methods to produce water-repellent materials, which can offer protection against the effects of atmospheric water. Fluorosilanes are a very promising class of materials, as they act as precursors for the formation of low surface energy polymer networks. 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl-triethoxysilane is applied on marble, wood and the surfaces of other materials, such as glass, silicon wafer, brass, paper and silk. According to the measurements of static water contact angles, it is reported that superhydrophob

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Yoon, Chang Bok, and Han Seung Lee. "Selection of the Optimum Carrier for Manufacturing Water-Repellent Concrete and Durability Evaluation of Cement Mortar Using It." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (2020): 9097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10249097.

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The purpose of this experiment was to complement the shortcomings of existing surface treatment methods and to implement water repellency inside concrete to prevent water penetration and improve the durability of concrete. Carriers to provide water repellency were fabricated using fly ash (FA), silica fume (SF), and natural zeolite which are used as admixtures for concrete. They were mixed with cement mortar, tested, and evaluated. The compressive strength of the water-repellent impregnated natural zeolite (ZWR) specimen was 83% of that of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), and its contact angle

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Hasnan, Aisyah Nor, and Azizah Hanom Ahmad. "Curing Time and Water Repellent Properties of Dammar-Titanium Dioxide Thin Film." Advanced Materials Research 1112 (July 2015): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1112.359.

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Dammar plant resin is a local natural resin that can be bled from Dipterocaupacea sp of tree. It can be found abundantly in Malaysia’s tropical forest especially in Sarawak. Dammar and Titanium Dioxide was mixed in a various wt% to produce Dammar-modified Titanium Dioxide coating system. The modified coating systems were then spin-coated onto Aluminium Q-panel as the substrate. Coated Q-panels were left to cure at room temperature. The curing time was evaluated using dust free stage. The addition of Titanium Dioxide into the coating system fastens the curing time taken for the coated Q-panel t

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Olshanskaya, L. N., M. A. Chernova, O. A. Aref'eva, E. M. Bakanova, E. V. Yakovleva, and S. V. Arzamastsev. "Technology of Obtaining Sorbents Based on Metal Dust and Carbonized Biopolymers for Purification of Surface and Waste Water From Oil and Oil Products." Ecology and Industry of Russia 24, no. 3 (2020): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2020-3-24-28.

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The results on the production of composite magnetosorbents (CMS) based on agricultural wastes (uncontaminated steel gas treatment dust – PGSN, sunflower husk, paraffin) for the treatment of contaminated water from oil and its products and minimizing the environmental impact of petrochemical enterprises are presented. Biotesting at two test sites (crustaceans Daphnia magna and algae Scenedesmus quadricauda) allowed us to establish that PSGN is non-toxic and can be used as a component of magnetosorbents. The resulting materials showed good physicochemical properties. It was shown that CMC have h

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