Academic literature on the topic 'Container transit'
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Journal articles on the topic "Container transit"
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Kireev, Alexander V., Nikolay M. Kozhemyaka, and Gennady N. Kononov. "High-speed container transport system." Transportation Systems and Technology 4, no. 2 (September 13, 2018): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst2018425-18.
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Background: The new scope of application for vehicles equipped with magnetic suspension is the fright container transportation. In order to realize the transit potential of the country, the increase in mean speed of the container trains is required.
Aim: The present work aims to explore the possibilities to develop the high-speed transport system equipped with magnetic suspension for container transportation along Euro-Asian land bridge.
Methods: As the research tools used methods of situational analysis, computer modeling, transport geography, technical and economic analysis.
Results: The market analysis results of the transit container transportation have shown that the major challenge for Russian transit development is the constrained traffic capacity of the existing transport corridors. The drastic solution to the problem can be the construction of a new high-speed transport system. The following factors determining the conditions for the creation of the new transport system have been identified: use of transport possibilities of the Azov-Black Sea basin; ensuring accessibility of the northern territories; development of technical solutions for the creation of a transport system with low-cost infrastructure. The combined traction levitation system has been developed based on the extremely simple design of the linear switched reluctance motor. The experimental researches of the full-functional physical model of the transport platform have been performed. The assessment of investment project efficiency has shown that despite the large start-up investment in the track infrastructure, the project has positive economic effect.
Practical importance: The computer model of the combined traction levitation system based on the linear switched reluctance motor has been designed. The concept of constructing a new transport system is proposed, taking into account the characteristics of the proposed operational region in poorly developed territories. The high-speed route has been proposed connecting the Azov-Black sea basin with the Pacific coastline and completely passing through the territories of Russia including some northern regions. The transit potential assessment has shown that due to the transit time reduction it is possible to attract the container freights with traffic volume of 1,52 million in twenty-foot equivalentunit.
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Danelia, Irakli. "Black Sea Container Market and Georgia’s Positioning." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 31 (November 30, 2018): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n31p100.
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Due to the strategically important geographical location, Black Sea region has a key transit function throughout between Europe and Asia. Georgia, which is a part of Black sea area, has a vital transit function for Caucasus Region, as well as for whole New Silk Road area. Nevertheless, still there is no evidence what kind of role and place Georgia has in The Black Sea container market. As the country has ambition to be transit hub for containerizes cargo flows between west and east and is actively involved in the process of formation “One Belt One Road” project, it is very important to identify Country’s current circumstances, capacities and future potential. Because of this, the purpose of the study is to investigate cargo flows and opportunities of the Black Sea container market, level of competitiveness in the area and define Georgia’s positioning in the regional Container market.
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Lu, Tao, Chung-Yee Lee, and Loo-Hay Lee. "Coordinating Pricing and Empty Container Repositioning in Two-Depot Shipping Systems." Transportation Science 54, no. 6 (November 2020): 1697–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2020.0980.
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This paper studies joint decisions on pricing and empty container repositioning in two-depot shipping services with stochastic shipping demand. We formulate the problem as a stochastic dynamic programming model. The exact dynamic program may have a high-dimensional state space because of the in-transit containers. To cope with the curse of dimensionality, we develop an approximate model where the number of in-transit containers on each vessel is approximated with a fixed container flow predetermined by solving a static version of the problem. Moreover, we show that the approximate value function is [Formula: see text]-concave, thereby characterizing the structure of the optimal control policy for the approximate model. With the upper bound obtained by solving the information relaxation–based dual of the exact dynamic program, we numerically show that the control policies generated from our approximate model are close to optimal when transit times span multiple periods.
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Zhang, Qi, Hongjin Dong, Mingjun Ling, Leyi Duan, and Yuguang Wei. "Optimization of Gantry Cranes’ Operation Path for Transshipment Based on Improved TSP." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (January 12, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9861370.
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In order to improve the transshipment efficiency of transit containers in the port or the port-type railway network container freight station (PRNCS) with the condition that each transit container matches a railway flat-car, this paper studied the optimization of operation path of the rail mounted gantry crane (RMG) in the loading and unloading track for containers transshipped directly from highway to railway. Based on the basic model of TSP, the paper constructed the optimization model for the operation path of RMG, and designed the Ant Colony Algorithm (ACA) to solve it, and then obtained the operation scheme of RMG having the highest efficiency. Finally, the validity and correctness of the model and algorithm were verified by a case.
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Wang, Shuaian, Qiang Meng, and Chung-Yee Lee. "Liner container assignment model with transit-time-sensitive container shipment demand and its applications." Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 90 (August 2016): 135–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2016.04.014.
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Karsten, Christian Vad, Stefan Ropke, and David Pisinger. "Simultaneous Optimization of Container Ship Sailing Speed and Container Routing with Transit Time Restrictions." Transportation Science 52, no. 4 (August 2018): 769–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2018.0818.
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Wang, Shuaian, Qiang Meng, and Zhiyuan Liu. "Containership scheduling with transit-time-sensitive container shipment demand." Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 54 (August 2013): 68–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2013.04.003.
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Dorokhin, S. V., V. A. Zelikov, A. S. Subhonberdiev, E. V. Titova, and N. N. Popova. "Analysis of the imрact of foreign ecocomiс factors on the develoрment of transit transрort in the territorу of The EEU." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 82, no. 1 (May 15, 2020): 419–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2020-1-419-425.
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Globalization of world markets, the formation of global supply chains, current economic trends allow us to count on further growth in world trade. The main challenge to the transport complex of the EAEU is the realization of the possibilities for reorienting part of the transported goods between the largest world markets for transportation through the territory of the EAEU. It should be noted that the attraction of transit freight traffic will remain relevant even with a decrease in world trade due to any economic changes, as it is not only about attracting additional freight traffic due to an increase in trade volumes, but also the redistribution of the structure of the existing freight traffic due to an increase in the share of the EAEU. All EAEU member states are interested in developing the transit transport market in Europe-Asia traffic and vice versa. Considering that almost all transit is container traffic, container rail transport will be mainly considered. The transportation of containers by road was not considered in the framework of the preparation of the report, due to the practical absence of such transportation across the Union from one external border to another. The existing container transportation by road is mainly a component of multimodal transportation, one of the links along with rail and water transportation. The task of the EAEU is to ensure an increase in transit traffic between the PRC and the EU, following the land route through the territory of the Union. The transit route from China to Europe through the Union has several advantages: it is faster than the sea route via the Suez Canal and cheaper than air transportation from China to Europe. Thus, there are all the prerequisites for the reorientation of part of the cargo flow to transportation through Eurasian transit corridors. The main share of container transportation in the world is in maritime transport. Due to its characteristics, maritime transport will continue to play a key role in the Europe-Asia transport market. However, there are two factors that are currently pushing for the diversification of communications and the opening of new land connections between Europe and Asia.
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Kochneva, D. I., and Chang Khao. "Model of planning the route of container trains with cargo operations en route." Herald of the Ural State University of Railway Transport, no. 4 (2020): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/2079-0392-2020-4-46-55.
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The article discusses a new approach to the organization of container trains based on the principles of passenger transport. The technology involves the movement of a container train on a schedule with the sale of cargo seats on the train. The train is formed at the departure station and follows the established route with stops at intermediate container terminals or stations, where the container is removed by appointment to this station and installed in the vacant place of the container by appointment to the next stations on the route. A model has been developed for forming the route of a container train with associated operations for loading and unloading containers, which allows you to find the optimal route according to the criterion of delivery time, provided that the train is loaded as much as possible on the entire route. The mathematical apparatus for constructing the model is graph theory. An algorithm for step-by-step planning of a complex of container trains on a given transport network and the established demand of regions in container transportation is proposed. The method is tested on the example of container delivery routes from China to Russia and Europe, while the considered network combines import and transit container flows with domestic and export flows formed in the Russian Federation. Given the demand matrix and the configuration of the transport network, the algorithm allowed us to create nine container trains running daily from the Eastern to Western borders of the Russian Federation, provided availability of maximum load of the container train on each section of the route. The implementation of the proposed technology will increase the competitiveness of railway container transport in both domestic and transit traffic, create conditions for containerization of additional cargo traffic by reducing delivery time and improving the quality of transport services.
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Kireev, Alexander V., Nikolay M. Kozhemyaka, and Gennadiy N. Kononov. "Prerequisites for the Creation of a High-Speed Container Transport System." Transportation systems and technology 3, no. 4 (December 15, 2017): 5–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst2017345-41.
Full textAbstract:
The new scope of application for vehicles equipped with magnetic suspension is the fright container transportation. In order to realise the transit potential of the country, the increase in mean speed of the container trains is required. Objective. The purpose of the work is to explore the possibilities to develop the highspeed transport system equipped with magnetic suspension for container transportation along Eurasian land bridge. Methods. The following methods and analysis have been used as research instruments: case study, computer modeling, transport geography and technical and economic analysis. Results. The market analysis results of the transit container transportation have shown that the major challenge for Russian transit development is the constrained traffic capacity of the existing transport corridors. The drastic solution of the problem can be the construction of a new high-speed transport system. The following factors determining the conditions for the creation of the new transport system have been identified: the use of the Azov-Black sea basin transportation facilities, provision of the accessibility of the northern areas; the development of technical solutions ensuring the design of the transport system with low cost infrastructure. The combined traction levitation system has been developed based on the extremely simple design of the linear switched reluctance motor. The experimental researches of the full-functional physical model of the transport platform have been performed. The assessment of investment project efficiency has shown that despite large start-up investment in the track infrastructure, the project has positive economic effect. Practical importance. The computer model of the combined traction levitation system based on the linear switched reluctance motor has been designed. The concept of the new transport system construction has been introduced taking into account the characteristics of the supposed operating test sites in poorly developed areas. The high-speed route has been proposed connecting the Azov-Black sea basin with the Pacific coastline and completely passing through the territories of Russia including some northern regions. The transit potential assessment has shown that due to the transit time reduction it is possible to attract the container freights with traffic volume of 1.52 million in twenty-pounds equivalent.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Container transit"
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Liliopoulou, Anastasia. "An analysis of the role of the Baltic states ports in the trans Siberian railway market." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/673.
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Almost all the people involved in the shipping industry have come in touch from time to time with what is known as container transit. Some of these people may be working in one way or another in this field, whilst others may be familiar with the meaning and the importance of container transit. This research aims to examine the potential of the Baltic States' ports as transit gateways for the Trans Siberian container market. This work is divided in two parts, the theoretical and the practical. The first part of the study provides a theoretical presentation of the construct under investigation, starting with an introduction, presenting the objectives of this study, an overview of the region, the structure of the thesis and the limitations of the study. The next chapter focuses on providing a historical overview of the Baltic Sea region in order to establish the historical background of the countries involved in this trade while under the Soviet rule. Gradually the circle of the research will be widened and will concentrate on presenting and analysing the Trans Siberian Railway, along with various future projects that can influence its future performance. Also, the Baltic States will be initially presented individually but then will be analysed as gateway markets for containers in competition with Finland. In addition, the most important future factors that can influence the potential of the Baltic States' ports as a gateway market for containers will be analysed followed by an advanced literature review, better known as content analysis. Last but not least, a conceptual model will be designed in order to present a summary of the whole work so far. The second part of this research is the technical part and includes the statistical techniques applied in order to derive composite policies for the Baltic States. Initially, the scaling development is presented along with the derivation of the scale for this study and the statistical tests that determined the final form of the questionnaires. The next chapter is divided in four sections providing: a background for the experts participating in this research, the application and results from conducting Analysis of Variance and t-tests, as well as a descriptive statistical analysis of each one of the statements included in the questionnaire along with anecdotal data and comments derived from the experts in the region. The final section in this chapter presents a set of policies that is believed can be useful to the companies involved in that region. Moreover, the last chapter of this study provides a presentation of the problems which occurred while undertaking this research, as well as a discussion concerning further research. 111
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Prinz, Bobi. "Transit Objekt." Thesis, Konstfack, Institutionen för Konst (K), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-3679.
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Transit Objects In the Master Essay I argue around two existing levels in the works presented at the graduation exhibition. On the one hand, it is about influence; on the other hand it is about the phenotypes of purpose-ness. In the introduction, I describe the relationship between the shapes that I have come to call Transit objects, and their on the one hand ideological superstructure; on the other hand, the different aspects of their shapes regarding the imitation I, in creating the objects, performed. In the case with the objects shape-aspects, I stand on the thoughts that I found during my bachelor's work, that is, to express the phenotypes of purpose-ness. When it comes to influence, I speculate about how linguistics, and particularly a branch called neuro-linguistics, illustrates how the arguments that make up our world can be transformed. I use a meta-model and a conversation model as a tool to illustrate this. When I, like that, illustrate the plasticity of meaning, and cognition, I note Catherine Malabous taught (in her book What Should we do with our brain?) on the plasticity of the brain in relation to the neo-liberal systems of capitalism. She argues for how the brain has come to stand model for the organization of different types of networks. I hint the link to a future scenario where the desire to influence takes new forms and uses the latest brain research challenges, more specifically the use of ultrasound for the treatment of pain and other similar conditions. This also can be used as generating various types of seizures, pleasant or unpleasant. The next section in my text goes into the background of the artworks on display. I describe here my process. I also here describe the background to the proposal for public art in Gävle. Now follows a more detailed description of the series of works that I created during the Master's program. I begin with a description of the Phantom Objects 001-004, 2011, which basically is more linked to the bachelor's work. I describe this in the text because many of the aspects are still relevant in the series of works my master work consists of. Then I describe the EUR-pallet in Rosewood, 2011, presented at the graduation exhibition. EUR-pallet in Rosewood, is a work in which I shifted the scale of a Euro pallet to a scale of 1:2. In this way, it has moved into a “gray area” when it comes to its purpose. This is reinforced when the material is, unlike an ordinary Euro-pallet, here elevated to the veneer in Rosewood. I have "gilded" this very common design. EUR-pallets are included in global trade, or streams. They are durable and robust object with a distinct function. They are transit objects constantly in transit or waiting for new loads. I do these things manageable, further reified, and transparent. In this way, I open their innermost being and essence, the functional, and move it into a different light for a clearer sense of their mystery, clearer sense of their tangible presence and function in space and time. I give the shape a more open body language when the burden of function is eased. Which does not mean that the function is plundered, it is partially retained, inherent in the construction design, but stripped of its anonymity, strength and the standardized measure that makes it an effective part in a logistic machinery. Then I describe the work Billboard (STEALTH-monument for Joe Hill), 2012. This work is my proposal for public works in Gävle during the collaborative project between the Konstfack College of Arts and Gävle Art Centre (The collaboration is called Hello Gävle). It is presented as an advertising pillar, which measures approximately 15x30 centimetres (scale approx. 1:13) that I have sculpted and cast in aluminium. I emphasize this in Sweden common structure used for messages and announcements, and displaces the shapes purpose; I illustrate, unmask, isolate or "exalt" in this way it’s (in all its frivolity) concrete, concentrated form. In case of construction, the shape, in one copy, be at a scale of 1:1, that is about 3 meters tall and with each side about 1.3 meters wide. Then a description of the piece container, 2012. I saw a picture in a newspaper. I was dazed and said when I saw the picture, how beautiful it was the landscape of thousands of containers in different colours. For me there was something human and inhuman at the same time in that port. I do these constructions manageable, transparent and thus their enigmatic choreography and interior approaches me. Containers exist for transporting objects from different physical locations. The global circulation these constructions are organized in are well-planned and for an outsider hard to grasp. It is a diverse duplicated place where different actors meet and negotiate. Although there is something buried inside the container. It is ubiquitous, but at the same time exclusionary. This is almost the same inaccessibility as when it comes to the celestial bodies’ cyclical paths. Is there not something demanding, a form with such a clear function. A desire to be used in accordance with its intended context. As with the message, for example, from a billboard, it call to be understood in line with the context, but the global container flow are speaking without a sender. The clear bright colours. Red, blue, green, reminiscent of stained glass windows in churches. Are these containers, in fact, the holiest of places? One room, while at the same time thousands of rooms. The doors are opened and closed, and there is delivered a flood of heard prayers. One room, which in its variety is endless. A flexible place. A capitalist utopia. Next, a description of the work Carbon-bars, 2012. During the manufacturing process for Billboard (STEALTH-monument for Joe Hill), I made some experiences that made me interested in carbon as material in a future work. I imagined doing a variation of the billboard in coal. But after consideration and new experiences, I was aware of the bars. It was during my visit to the casting-industry where I saw the bars. Thereafter, the work was ready for fabrication The Carbon-bars are manufactured in an opposite logic than that of the EUR-pallet in Rosewood. Instead of "gild" the object I have here, "charcoaled" it, a form that can directly be read as being a bar. It is a paradoxical play with symbols of value. On the one hand the bar is generally associated with gold, on the other hand, the carbon for me associated with transience and uselessness without value. The human body consists of a number of kilograms of carbon. In the global economy, I am considering the "coin base" for a human. It seems in the banking crisis and its oil's wake consists of a 'charcoal-base", a "coal-human base." A man in the global market is priced for the weight in coal. In the final discussion I argue about my interpretation of the contemporary global flow of messages and objects in relation to Brian Holmes, Edward Bernays, Slavoy Zizek, Rosalyn Deutsche, Walter Lippman and Adam Curtis. From need to desire is a general explanation of how capitalism manages a market where basic needs are satisfied and hence, according to the logic of capitalism (but perhaps also human logic) new has to be created. Edward Bernay (who coined the term public relations as a euphemism for propaganda) was a genius when it came to this type of business: to create a "friendly arrangement” between the companies and the public. The amicable agreement Bernay talking about is, I think, in fact, the The Phantom Public Walter Lippman define. It's a public with the phenotypes of public working for a friendly agreement and arrangement between the consumers/ population and the profit hungry companies/ mafia. Brian Holmes points out Thomas Frank who argues that fashion designers and advertisers have their own existential interest in transforming the system, and that "… the result…” at least during the sixties, “…was a change of 'the ideology by which business explained its dominant position in national life"'. Here sounds Bernays amicable agreement again. An agreement continuously produced and as a result of the production is accompanied by Transit Objects.
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Nguiya, Passi Neo. "Modelling Diffusion Through Environments That Contain Immobile Obstacles: The Short-Time Transient Regime, Anomalous Diffusion and Crowding." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39116.
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The diffusion of a particle in a crowded environment typically proceeds through three regimes: for very short times the particle diffuses freely until it collides with an obstacle for the first time, while for very long times diffusion the motion is Fickian with a diffusion coefficient D that depends on the concentration and type of obstacles present in the system. For intermediate times, the mean-square displacement of the particle often increases approximately as t α , with α < 1, typical of what is generally called anomalous diffusion. However, it is not clear how one can identify or choose a time or displacement interval that would give a reliable estimate of α. In this paper, we use two exact numerical approaches to obtain diffusion data for a simple Lattice Monte Carlo model in both time limits. This allows us to propose an objective definition of the transient regime and a unique value for α. Furthermore, our methodology directly gives us the length scale over which the transient regime switches to the steady-state regime. We test our proposed approach using several types of obstacle systems, and we introduce the novel concept of excess diffusion lengths. Finally, we show that the values of the parameters describing the anomalous transient regime depend on the Monte Carlo moves used to describe the dynamics of the particle, and we propose a new algorithm that correctly models the short time diffusion of a particle on a lattice.
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Cheng, Pai-Yi, and 鄭百邑. "Heat Flow Visualization for Improving Food Quality in a Refrigerated Container During Transit." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17822878295270991040.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
冷凍與低溫科技研究所
91
The quality and the safety of food are major preoccupation of the consumers and depend mainly on cold-chain respect. The concept of cold-chain essentially means a chain of controlled temperature and humidity conditions, from the moment the produce is harvested and treated to the point where it is displayed on sale. Refrigerated container plays an important role in the cold-chain, especially the long-haul sea transportation. The main refrigeration load of all refrigerated cargo container is heat transmission during transport; this will affect the temperature of the air and food inside the container and therefore reduce the quality of the frozen product, which is precisely what we have to avoid. In order to meet the demands of the consumer for quality of the food during transport, the environment where they are stored should be appropriately and carefully controlled. The airflow through and around the frozen food in refrigerated container has a significant effect on the environment the produce experiences. For effective design and optimization of the involved processes inside refrigerated container the use of predictive models and CFD simulation for heat and air flow visualization are essential. The objective of this study is to characterize the influence of heat transmission on the heat and airflow inside refrigerated container under various operation environments and design improvement of the equipment. The operation conditions include a sun-exposed and a sunshade environment, while the design improvement are increasing in supply flow rate and improving air distribution by holes configuration on T-bar. The results leads that the way of improving air distribution by holes configuration on T-bar, as comparison with the other improvement ways, have the best uniform temperature distribution and the lowest temperature difference of frozen food inside refrigeration container.
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Huang, Chun-Ming, and 黃俊明. "The Application of RFID in Harbor of Transit Container Control - A case of Kaohsiung Harbor." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86255367751322982644.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
機械與精密工程研究所
98
The purpose of this research is to assess the accuracy and stability of the passive process of RFID E-seal system during a long time operation. By the performance of “RFID E-seal Convey System” in Kaohsiung Harbor, the research is conducted on samples based on four months integration test. Statistical analysis of RFID fixed reader by rate through collecting data of E-seal system at the port of entry. The result shows that the operation of RFID E-seal system can withstand the harsh conditions of Kaohsiung Harbor for a long time. The rate of reading consistent with the original goals of the plan is more than 95％. The implementation is suitable for the Transit container control and can replace the manual escort. Furthermore an enlarged implementation of RFID in Keelung Harbor and Taichung Harbor can be considered. It is able to significantly shorten the customs clearance time, reduce operating costs of the shipping, save huge Customs escort labors and achieve the goals of Container transport security.
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CHIA-TE, YU, and 游家惪. "Study on the Key Factors of Successful Management of Container System in Port Area by Using Radio Frequency - Taking the Electronic Seal of Taiwan Transit Cabinet in Taichung Port For Example." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qdq489.
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碩士逢甲大學
資訊電機工程碩士在職學位學程
107
Radio frequency technology is used in many port operations. Especially for the application of container terminals, the wireless RF electronic seal system has become one of the effective nodes in all port container logistics activities, playing a vital role. The topic of this research is to use the RFID electronic seal system. Firstly, the key factors affecting the construction of the wireless RF electronic seal system are discussed in the literature, and these factors are classified into technology, cost, organization, benefits and security privacy factors. In addition, the google cloud questionnaire is used to obtain key success factors, and the relevant key factors are processed in a hierarchical analysis manner. The hierarchical analysis software is used to calculate the proportion of all key factor after the implementation of the electronic seal system in Taichung Port, and provide the container at the port in the future. A good solution to the problem of transportation management.
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Chien, Ping-Min, and 簡秉民. "Transit Path Planning of Seaborne Containers for Shipping Liner." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06233413126928485219.
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碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
航運管理學系
97
Liner shipping industry is a global industry. The revenue of individual carrier is often affected by the ups and downs of freights in the market, but it can control the own cost through well inner operation. Seaborne transit path planning is a vital issue what the carrier concerns. The purpose of this planning is to arrange all of delivery paths for containers of all origin-destination (OD) port pairs under satisfying transport demands and within qualified service durations and to spend the lowest transit costs. This research uses the characteristics of transit path planning and the concept of network graph to build a mathematical programming model with considering one path for one OD port pair. This model is a multi-commodity flows problem. This research uses C language to write the problem generator and to call the CPLEX function for solving cases. An example of the shipping lines with short-sea services is tested. No matter the separated cases or its whole scale, the solving results can provide the promising decisions in practice for carrier’s seaborne transit path planning. Also, this research conducts the sensitivity analysis for many critical parameters. To take transit time as an example, the result reveals that if the carrier only considers in choosing the shortest path as programming, total transit cost may raise. Sometimes, loosing the transit time limitation may be helpful to save the total cost although such practice may make shippers inconvenience. Another example is space supply, it reveals that if the carrier increases the space supply on transit routes, it may be useful to make path planning cost down. Finally, this research takes the discount contracts signed by both shipper liners and port authorities into consideration. Sensitivity analysis shows that discount stevedoring rates applied by the transshipped ports may affect the transit path planning and result in operating cost saving and the increment of transshipment cargoes in such ports.
Books on the topic "Container transit"
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Railroads, Pipelines, and Hazardous Materials., ed. Confronting freight challenges in southern California: Joint hearing before the Subcommittee on Highways and Transit and the Subcommittee on Railroads, Pipelines, and Hazardous Materials of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, first session, February 20, 2009 (Los Angeles, CA). Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2009.
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Highways and Transit. Confronting freight challenges in southern California: Joint hearing before the Subcommittee on Highways and Transit and the Subcommittee on Railroads, Pipelines, and Hazardous Materials of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, first session, February 20, 2009 (Los Angeles, CA). Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2009.
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Stewart, Douglas, Gaurav Shah, Jeremiah R. Brown, and Peter A. McCullough. Contrast-induced acute kidney injury. Edited by Norbert Lameire. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0246.
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Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) occurs because all forms of intravascular contrast contain iodine and their biochemical structures induce immediate changes in systemic and renal vasoreactivity. In the kidneys, contrast induces a transient decrease in renal blood flow. This is more pronounced in patients with chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. The reduction in blood flow allows slowed transit of contrast and reabsorption by the proximal tubular cells where contrast is directly toxic resulting in tubular cell dysfunction and death. When there is considerable damage, a transient rise in serum creatinine and reduction in urine output will be observed in the hours to days after contrast exposure. Principles to reduce CI-AKI include limiting the amount of contrast used, intravascular volume expansion to maximize renal blood flow and speed transit of contrast, and possibly agents to reduce the oxidative damage caused by the contrast agents themselves.
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Danae, Azaria. 4 The Nature of International Obligations Regarding Transit of Energy: from Bilateral to Indivisible Obligations. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198717423.003.0004.
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Chapter 4 classifies treaty obligations concerning transit with a view to determining which state is injured under the law of international responsibility and can invoke responsibility including by recourse to countermeasures against the responsible transit state. The question posed is to whom is each obligation owed. The analysis in this chapter also assists in determining which treaty party may have recourse to means available in the treaty where the treaty does not contain sufficiently express rules on standing, a matter which is analysed in Chapter 6. The analysis illustrates the polyphony of primary rules vis-à-vis their nature, and argues that bilateralism is not the only model in this area of international law (either in form or in substance). Rather, a number of treaties create collectively owed obligations: some erga omnes partes and some interdependent..
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Grare, Frédéric. India-Myanmar Relations. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190859336.003.0005.
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The search for greater connectivity with Southeast Asia is driving the evolution of the relationship between India and Myanmar. A partnership with Naypyidaw could help India’s integration with the more dynamic economies of Southeast Asia as well as with the dynamic Yunnan province in China. In doing so, India also expects to contain China’s influence in Myanmar. Transport infrastructure projects, including the Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project, are being developed in Myanmar that may help India achieve its objectives. But numerous obstacles including ethnic conflicts in the country as well as relative mistrust between New Delhi and Naypyidaw may inhibit regional integration through Myanmar. India moreover faces competition from countries with much larger capacities such as Japan and the United States, which on one hand may help diminish China’s influence but also diminish the political space available for India.
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Starks, Lisa S. Ovid and Adaptation in Early Modern English Theatre. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474430067.001.0001.
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Ovid was a multifaceted icon of lovesickness, endless change, libertinism, emotional torment and violence in early modern England. This collection uses adaptation studies in connection with other contemporary theoretical approaches to analyze early modern transformations of Ovid, providing innovative perspectives on the “Ovids” that haunted the early modern stage, while exploring intersections between adaptation theory and gender/queer/trans studies, ecofeminism, hauntology, transmediality, rhizomatics and more. The chapters explore Ovidian adaptations in the works of Shakespeare, Marlowe, Jonson, Mary Sidney Herbert, Lyly, Hewood, among others. The volume is divided into four sections: I. Gender/Queer/Trans Studies and Ovidian Rhizomes; II. Ovidian Specters and Remnants; III. Affect, Rhetoric, and Ovidian Appropriation; and IV. Ovid Remixed: Transmedial, Rhizomatic, and Hyperreal Adaptations.” Focusing on these larger topics, this book examines the multidimensional, ubiquitous role that Ovid and Ovidian adaptations played in English Renaissance drama and theatrical performance. The book contains chapters by Simone Chess, Shannon Kelley, Daniel G. Lauby, Deborah Uman, Lisa S. Starks, John S. Garrison, Catherine Winiarski, Jennifer Feather, John D. Staines, Goran Stanivukovic, Louise Geddes, Liz Oakley-Brown, Ed Gieskes, and Jim Casey.
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Wright, A. G. Why photomultipliers? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199565092.003.0001.
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Photon detectors transform information, carried by light, to an electrical analogue. Signals contain information on the time of occurrence and the intensity in terms of the number of photons involved. Photon rates may be constant with time, slowly varying, or transient in the form of pulses. The time response is specified in terms of some property of the pulse shape, such as its rise time, or it may be expressed in terms of bandwidth. Light detector applications fall into two categories: imaging and non-imaging; however, only the latter are considered. Detectors can be further divided into vacuum and solid state devices. Vacuum devices include photomultipliers (PMTs), microchannel plate PMTs (MCPPMTs), and hybrid devices in which a silicon device replaces the discrete dynode multiplier. PIN diodes, avalanche photodiodes (APDs), pixelated silicon PMTs (SiPMs), and charge-coupled devices (CCDs) are examples of solid state light detectors.
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Harris-Short, Sonia, Joanna Miles, and Rob George. 2. Family Relationships between Adults. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780199664184.003.0002.
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All books in this flagship series contain carefully selected substantial extracts from key cases, legislation, and academic debate, providing able students with a stand-alone resource. This chapter first considers demographic data on family relationships in England and Wales, and then examines the treatment of ‘trans’ people in this area of family law; and the history of legal recognition of intimate relationships between parties of the same gender. This is then followed by discussions of status-based relationships (marriage and civil partnership); creating a valid marriage or civil partnership; grounds on which a marriage or civil partnership is void; grounds on which a marriage or civil partnership is voidable; and non-formalized relationships (cohabitants and other ‘family’).
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Results Act: Information on performance goals and measures contained in the Department of Transportation's fiscal year 2000 performance plan. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1999.
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Lorino, Philippe. Pragmatism, a process perspective on organizations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198753216.003.0009.
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Mainstream organization studies have long conceptualized organizations as structures imposing order on individual and collective practices. Many organization scholars see organizing as an ongoing process, given the ceaseless adaptative experience of organizations. After an account of the “process turn” in organization studies, this chapter identifies six key questions about the characteristics of organizing processes and analyzes the process orientation of pragmatism and the specific contribution of the main pragmatist thinkers to process thought. It clarifies the pragmatist responses to the six key issues: (1) Organizing is an intrinsic dimension of ordinary activity rather than a specific process reflexively examining activity; (2) organizing is a relational/trans-actional rather than (inter-)subjective process; (3) organizing is a teleological rather than self-contained and autopoietic process; (4) organizing operates segmentation and unification, spatializing and temporalizing at the same time; (5) organizing is both experience-based and creative, it entangles cognition and intuition; (6) organizing is ediated by signs.
Book chapters on the topic "Container transit"
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Liu, JunXiao. "Study on Routing Optimization Model of Container Sea-Rail Intermodal Transport Based on Transit Period." In Green, Smart and Connected Transportation Systems, 849–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0644-4_66.
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Varghese, A. P., and B. X. Zhang. "Transient Shielded Cryogenic Containers." In Supercollider 3, 891–99. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3746-5_83.
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Li, Qingxia, Xiaohua Cao, and Huan Xu. "In-Transit Status Perception of Freight Containers Logistics Based on Multi-sensor Information." In Internet and Distributed Computing Systems, 503–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45940-0_47.
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Hoshino, Masaru. "Wireless Image Transmit Unit and High Speed Inspection System for Inner Side of Container." In Developments in Food Engineering, 960–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2674-2_314.
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Lutsan, M. V., E. V. Nuzhnov, and V. V. Kureichik. "Self-learning of the Containers Service Coordinator Agent in Multi-agent Automation Environment of Transit Cargo Terminal." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 109–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18476-0_12.
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Barfusz, Oliver, Felix Hötte, Stefanie Reese, and Matthias Haupt. "Pseudo-transient 3D Conjugate Heat Transfer Simulation and Lifetime Prediction of a Rocket Combustion Chamber." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 265–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53847-7_17.
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Abstract Rocket engine nozzle structures typically fail after a few engine cycles due to the extreme thermomechanical loading near the nozzle throat. In order to obtain an accurate lifetime prediction and to increase the lifetime, a detailed understanding of the thermomechanical behavior and the acting loads is indispensable. The first part is devoted to a thermally coupled simulation (conjugate heat transfer) of a fatigue experiment. The simulation contains a thermal FEM model of the fatigue specimen structure, RANS simulations of nine cooling channel flows and a Flamelet-based RANS simulation of the hot gas flow. A pseudo-transient, implicit Dirichlet–Neumann scheme is utilized for the partitioned coupling. A comparison with the experiment shows a good agreement between the nodal temperatures and their corresponding thermocouple measurements. The second part consists of the lifetime prediction of the fatigue experiment utilizing a sequentially coupled thermomechanical analysis scheme. First, a transient thermal analysis is carried out to obtain the temperature field within the fatigue specimen. Afterwards, the computed temperature serves as input for a series of quasi-static mechanical analyses, in which a viscoplastic damage model is utilized. The evolution and progression of the damage variable within the regions of interest are thoroughly discussed. A comparison between simulation and experiment shows that the results are in good agreement. The crucial failure mode (doghouse effect) is captured very well.
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Ryan, John M. "In-Transit Container Sanitation Standards." In Guide to Food Safety and Quality During Transportation, 153–77. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-407775-1.00006-7.
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Ryan, John M. "In-transit container sanitation standards: packaging and control of packaging." In Guide to Food Safety and Quality During Transportation, 197–222. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-812139-9.00006-x.
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Haghighi, M., T. Pour, H. Hossani, and H. Yousefi. "Development of Container Transit from the Iranian South Ports with a Focus on the International North South Transport Corridor." In Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, 187–93. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14960-33.
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"Transient and sloshing motions in an unsupported container." In Physics of Fluids in Microgravity, 307–35. CRC Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482265057-15.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Container transit"
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Cheng, Tianlun. "Optimization Plan of Refrigerated Container Refueling Strategies in Transit." In Fifth International Conference on Transportation Engineering. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479384.414.
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Zhang, Qi, and Mingjun Ling. "Transit Transport Organization Optimization of International Container Considering the Time Value of Goods." In 2019 4th International Conference on Electromechanical Control Technology and Transportation (ICECTT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icectt.2019.00010.
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Narsoo, Jeetendre, W. Muslun, and Sameer Sunhaloo. "A Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Container Tracking System for Port Louis Harbor: The Case of Mauritius." In InSITE 2009: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3305.
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Everyday millions of containers circle the globe and 250, 000, 000 container movements are performed around the globe yearly through 220 ports. Approximately 2% of in-transit containers are physically inspected, while empty containers are rarely inspected. A serious container event could trigger a worldwide massive port shutdown. Government security officials recognize container shipments as one of the world’s greatest security threats which press for dramatic improvements in air and maritime security. Port Authorities are striving to increase efficiency through effective supply chain management, while focus is being placed on control, visibility and security. This paper is based mostly on the possible implementation of an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) based container tracking system for Port Louis harbor. RFID will enable the identification of containers over long distances and in demanding environments such as the port area. This will help in real-time identification and tracking of containers, reaching new levels of traceability and control. Companies will know at any point in time, where their assets are and all movements at key locations will be recorded for eventual streamlining and optimizations. These will lead to a reduced capital costs and significant overall savings in the long run for Port Louis harbor. The implementation of this system however relies on a solid collaborative network to link the various stakeholders of Port Louis harbor, by taking into considerations the specificities of Mauritius which is strategically positioned in the Indian Ocean.
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Kratzke, Nane, Peter-Christian Quint, Derek Palme, and Dirk Reimers. "Project Cloud TRANSIT - Or to Simplify Cloud-native Application Provisioning for SMEs by Integrating Already Available Container Technologies." In European Projects in Knowledge Applications and Intelligent Systems. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007902700030026.
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Slimp, Bruce (Bart), Mick Papp, and Phuong H. Hoang. "Design and Analysis of Shipping Container for Big Rock Decommissioned Reactor Vessel." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28798.
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A major milestone in 2003 on the Big Rock Point (BRP) decommissioning project involved shipping the Reactor Vessel (RV) in a steel cask for burial. The Reactor Vessel Transport System (RVTS) cask was a sealed integral container, which provided necessary radiological shielding and containment of radioactive waste for shipping and disposal. The RVTS, using the provisions of the ASME BPVC Section III, Subsection NB, was designed as a Type B package in accordance with the requirements of 10 CFR Part 71. This included meeting Normal Condition of Transport (NCT) and the Hypothetical Accident Conditions (HAC) loading per 10 CFR 71, Regulatory Guide 7.6, “Design Criteria for the Structural Analysis of Shipping Cask Containment Vessels,” Regulatory Guide 7.8, “Load Combinations for the Structural Analysis of Shipping Casks for Radioactive Material” and Regulatory Guide 7.11, “Fracture Toughness Criteria of Base Material for Ferritic Steel Shipping Cask Containment Vessels with a Maximum Wall Thickness of 4 Inches.” The RVTS was designed to withstand accelerations and shocks postulated during highway and rail transit using guidelines from the Association of American Railroads (AAR) and ANSI N14.2. The design analysis methodology, fabrication process and transportation planning for the Big Rock RVTS Cask are presented in this paper.
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Schartmüller, Bernhard, Aleksandar-Saša Milaković, Martin Bergström, and Sören Ehlers. "A Simulation-Based Decision Support Tool for Arctic Transit Transport." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-41375.
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The Russian Federation attempts to foster the Northern Sea Route (NSR) as a transport alternative to the current Suez Canal Route (SCR). Therefore, this paper seeks to identify under which conditions the use of the NSR is economically feasible. To evaluate this in a realistic way it is essential to take the significant uncertainty of input variables like ice data predictions into account. For that reason a simulation-based decision-support (SBDS)-tool based on a discrete-event simulation model is developed. The SBDS-tool requires as input vessel dimensions, available power and information about the route(s) including waypoints and ice data. It calculates then the general performance of the vessel in both open water and ice. Next it generates day-specific ice conditions according to a probability distribution between lower and upper limit obtained from satellite measurements. Based on this and the previously calculated vessels’ performance the SBDS-tool calculates day-specific transit times and fuel consumptions for examined time period. This is then used as input for a discrete-event simulation to assess the number of roundtrips, transported cargo and fuel consumption for joint use of different routes, dependent on the predefined operational days along the routes. The obtained results are then used to calculate the cost per transported cargo unit between two ports and to assess the sensitivity in order to determine if an economically advantageous and robust transport system can be achieved. In addition, possible economy of scale effects using larger vessels can be evaluated. In order to show the applicability of the developed model a comparative case study for three container vessels operating between Rotterdam (NL) and Yokohama (JP) is carried out.
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Yue, Wang, Zhan Lechang, Ma Wenjuan, Zhang Yongxin, and Ma Li. "Research on Approval of Domestic and International Transport Container Application of Radioactive Material." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66279.
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Due to the potentially dangerous properties of radioactive material, it is during the transport that the process of nuclear energy and technology uses are prone to nuclear and radiation accidents. Radioactive material hence must be transported with reasonable containers to achieve heat dissipation, confinement of radioactive material, radiation shielding and prevention of nuclear criticality. The key to transport safety lies in the designing and manufacturing quality of the transport containers. Therefore, the safety supervision for transport containers of radioactive material is a guarantee for the environment and the public from nuclear and radiation hazards, also is international general practice. As the most authoritative international organization, International Atomic Energy Agenda (IAEA) draws up and regularly revises safety regulation ‘Regulation for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material’, which proposes technical indicators for transport containers of radioactive material and responsibility of competent authorities. According to the transport modes, other international organizations, such as International Maritime Organization, International Civil Aviation Organization, International Air Transport Association, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, enacted related transport safety regulations based on actual needs. This paper introduces the administrative licensing approval process for the transport containers of radioactive material in China and the research on competent authority and approval procedure in American, Russia, France, Canada, Germany and Great Britain. In China, National Nuclear Safe Administration (NNSA) is responsible for the licensing approval for the transport containers of radioactive material, including designing, manufacturing, using and transporting of transport containers. NNSA also organizes and formulates relevant administrative regulations and approval procedures, and has issued administrative regulation ‘Regulation on the Safe Management for the Transport of Radioactive Material’ and a series of administrative rules, management procedures, guide, technical documents and so on. These regulations established the sort management of radioactive materials and the responsibility for competent authority, and also stipulated approval and supervision for transport and transport containers of radioactive materials. While some other countries, such as America, certifies the transport containers of radioactive material to achieve the control. The domestic and overseas research into administrative licensing approval processes for transport containers is in view of the increasing transport of radioactive material among countries and the requirement of international transport. Transport containers with material of high potential risk, such as spent fuel, need to obtain the transport approval from the competent authority of transit or arrival country. Therefore, the research on domestic and other countries licensing management of transport containers of radioactive material, which is not only beneficial to improving the transport safety management of radioactive material in China, but also can promote international transport campaigns of radioactive material..
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Way, Brent, Faisal Khan, and Brian Veitch. "The Northern Sea Route vs the Suez Canal Route: An Economic Analysis Incorporating Probabilistic Simulation Optimization of Vessel Speed." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-42054.
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While previous studies have examined the economics of shipping from Europe to Asia via the Northern Sea Route (NSR) versus the Suez Canal Route (SCR), most have not adequately accounted for the variability in input parameters such as the cost of fuel or the amount of ice encountered on a voyage. Furthermore, no prior study has attempted to utilize speed optimization as part of the analysis. Because the rate fuel consumption for propulsion is intrinsically linked with vessel speed, reducing speed can create the potential for large savings in fuel costs, along with the added benefit of reduced emissions. However, the reduced speed means a longer transit time, meaning increases in other time based costs, such as daily pay for a ship’s crew. The question then becomes what is the optimal speed? This paper examines the use of speed optimization to determine whether it is potentially more profitable for a container shipping company to ship from Rotterdam to Yokohama through the SCR year round (Option A) or to ship through the NSR during the months it is passable while using the SCR for the remainder of the year (Option B). A probabilistic model is presented to determine average per trip profits for both options A and B. This model is used in conjunction with a simulation optimization technique to determine the optimum speeds to maximize average per trip profitability for each option. The results show that probabilistic simulation optimization of vessel speed may better inform shipping companies as to the financial impacts of the speeds that they choose to use for shipping and thus enable better decision making as it pertains to both route choice and ships’ speeds. The analysis indicates that speed optimized container shipping year round through the Suez Canal appears to be the more profitable of the 2 options.
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Quercetti, Thomas, Karsten Müller, Mark Johnson, Trevor Tait, Chi-Fung Tso, and Conrad Izatt. "Drop Testing of a Container for the Storage, Transport and Disposal of Intermediate Level Waste." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65668.
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Impact tests were performed, as part of a corresponding container’s substantiation, during design development of a shielded container. The container will be used for storage, transport, and disposal of intermediate level waste in the UK. The mechanical test program comprised a 9m free drop test onto an unyielding target in a container long lid edge down orientation at ambient conditions. Further, a 0,5m free drop test onto a punch target was performed. Here, the container was orientated with the lid downwards in a way that the punch, a mild steel bar, impacts a filter lid. The test specimen was instrumented with strain gauges and accelerometers for the drop tests. Transient strains at selected points of the inner and outer container walls, at the shielding lid, as well as at the lid bolts were measured during the container’s impact. Furthermore, decelerations of the container body, container lid, and the skip were measured. The complex geometrical changes of the container due to impact were determined by optical 3d-deformation measures using the projected fringes method in combination with multi-image photogrammetry. This paper summarizes the performance of the drop tests and various drop test results in context with the design development as well as aspects regarding the associated Finite Element (FE) analyses and post-test evaluation.
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Dubovsky, Vadim, Yonatan Kugler, Nimrod Maoz, and Ruth Letan. "Transient Free Convection in a Rectangular Water-Filled Enclosure." In ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2014-20256.
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Transient laminar free convection in a water-filled rectangular enclosure has been studied experimentally and numerically. The study aimed at gaining an insight into the physical phenomena, illustrated by the flow patterns and the temperature stratification, from the initial stage of a homogeneous fluid through the transient evolving process. The experimental setup consisted of two rectangular water-filled enclosures: the smaller one contained a heat source and was centrally immersed in the larger one. Dye was injected for visualization of the rising boundary layer over the inner container walls, and the accumulation of the colored layers in the upper zone of the outer container. Simultaneously, the temperature measurements, by thermocouples and an infra-red camera, displayed the formation of a stratified structure. The numerical study was conducted three-dimensionally, using the Fluent 6.3 software. The stratified temperature field, observed experimentally, was well-predicted by the numerical model. The heat transfer rates and the transient averaged Nusselt numbers were compared with the data in the literature. The current, constant power input yielded Nu/Ra0.25∼0.7 in the range of Fo/Ra0.25 = 0–3.
Reports on the topic "Container transit"
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Chambre, P. L., W. W. L. Lee, C. L. Kim, and T. H. Pigford. Steady-state and transient radionuclide transport through penetrations in nuclear waste containers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5058261.
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