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Thiruvallur, Vangeepuram Reventh. "Performance Comparison of Cassandra in LXC and Bare metal : Container Virtualization case study." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för kommunikationssystem, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-13451.
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Big data is a developing term that describes any large amount of structured and unstructured data that has the potential to be mined for information. To store this type of large amounts of data, cloud storage systems are necessary. These cloud storage systems are developed such that they are capable of keeping the data accessible and available to the users over a network. To store big data new platforms are required. Some of the popular big data platforms are Mongo, Cassandra and Hadoop. In this thesis we used Cassandra database system because it is a distributed database and also open source. Cassandra’s architecture is master less ring design that is easy to setup and easy to maintain. Apache Cassandra is a highly scalable distributed database designed to handle big data management with linear scalable and seamless multiple data center deployment. It is a NoSQL database system which allow schema free tables so that a data item could have a variable set of columns unlike in relational databases. Cassandra provides with high scalability with no single point of failure. For the past few years’ container based virtualization has been evolving rapidly. Container based virtualization such as LXC have been focused here. Linux Containers (LXC) is an operating system level virtualization method for running multiple isolated Linux systems on a single control host. It does not resemble a virtual machine, but provides a virtual environment that has its own CPU, memory, network, etc. space and the resource control mechanism. In this thesis work performance of Apache Cassandra database has been analyzed between bare metal and Linux Containers(LXC). A three node Cassandra cluster has been created on both bare metal and Linux container. Assuming one node as seed and Cassandra stress utility tool has been used to test the load of Cassandra cluster. The performance of Cassandra cluster database has been evaluated in bare metal and Linux Container which is the goal of this thesis work. Linux containers (LXC) are deployed in all the servers. A three node Cassandra database cluster has been created in these servers and also in Linux Container(LXC). Port forwarding is the technique used here for making communication between Cassandra in LXC which is the goal of this thesis work. The performance metrics which determine the performance of Cassandra cluster database are selected according to it. The network configuration parameters are changed according to the behavior of Cassandra. By doing changes in these parameters Cassandra starts running according to the required configuration, after this Cassandra cluster performance will be analyzed. This is done with different write, read and mixed load operations and compared with Cassandra cluster performance on bare metal. The results of the thesis show an analysis of measurements of performance metrics like CPU utilization, Disk throughput and latency while running on Cassandra cluster in both bare metal and Linux Containers. A quantitative and statistical analysis of performance of Cassandra cluster is compared. The physical resources utilized by the Cassandra database on native bare metal and Linux Containers (LXC) is similar. According to the results, CPU utilization is more for Cassandra database in Linux Containers. Disk throughput is also more in Linux Containers except in the case of 66% load write operation. Bare metal has less latency compared to Linux Containers in all the scenarios.
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ABBAS, FAHEEM. "Intelligent Container Stacking System at Seaport Container Terminal." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för datalogi och datorsystemteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-11678.
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Context: The workload at seaport container terminal is increasing gradually. We need to improve the performance of terminal to fulfill the demand. The key section of the container terminal is container stacking yard which is an integral part of the seaside and the landside. So its performance has the effects on both sides. The main problem in this area is unproductive moves of containers. However, we need a well-planned stacking area in order to increase the performance of terminal and maximum utilization of existing resources. Objectives: In this work, we have analyzed the existing container stacking system at Helsingborg seaport container terminal, Sweden, investigated the already provided solutions of the problem and find the best optimization technique to get the best possible solution. After this, suggest the solution, test the proposed solution and analyzed the simulation based results with respect to the desired solution. Methods: To identify the problem, methods and proposed solutions of the given problem in the domain of container stacking yard management, a literature review has been conducted by using some e-resources/databases. A GA with best parametric values is used to get the best optimize solution. A discrete event simulation model for container stacking in the yard has been build and integrated with genetic algorithm. A proposed mathematical model to show the dependency of cost minimization on the number of containers’ moves. Results: The GA has been achieved the high fitness value versus generations for 150 containers to storage at best location in a block with 3 tier levels and to minimize the unproductive moves in the yard. A comparison between Genetic Algorithm and Tabu Search has been made to verify that the GA has performed better than other algorithm or not. A simulation model with GA has been used to get the simulation based results and to show the container handling by using resources like AGVs, yard crane and delivery trucks and container stacking and retrieval system in the yard. The container stacking cost is directly proportional to the number of moves has been shown by the mathematical model. Conclusions: We have identified the key factor (unproductive moves) that is the base of other key factors (time & cost) and has an effect on the performance of the stacking yard and overall the whole seaport terminal. We have focused on this drawback of stacking system and proposed a solution that makes this system more efficient. Through this, we can save time and cost both. A Genetic Algorithm is a best approach to solve the unproductive moves problem in container stacking system.
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Wong, Andy King-sing. "Optimisation of container process at multimodal container terminals." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16626/1/Andy_Wong_Thesis.pdf.
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Multimodal container terminals are an important part of the logistics systems in international trade. Any improvement in the terminal efficiency is likely to reduce the costs of transporting goods, and to strengthen the trading position of the nation. During the import process, containers flow from ships to the storage yard for temporary storage and then are later moved to the hinterland by rail, or by road. The export process is the reverse of the import process. From the marshalling area, it is possible for a yard machine to carry an inbound container to the storage area and back with an inbound container in one round trip. This thesis investigates the inbound and outbound container process of multimodal container terminals in a multi-ship and multi-berth environment. The aim is to develop mathematical models and analytical tools for yard operation and planning. This study concerns the yardlayout, storage locations, operation strategies as well as the sequencing and scheduling of container process. Several models are developed for the scheduling of container process, taking account of planned and unplanned disruptions, and the intermediate buffer at the marshalling area. The problem is NP-hard and real-life problems often involve large number of containers. In addition, many schedules may not be feasible due to deadlock or violation of precedence-constraints. Good results were achieved on benchmark problems using the proposed innovative. In dealing with unplanned disruptions, reactive scheduling approach was found to give the results similar to as if the disruptions were planned in advance. Numerical investigations are also presented on various factors affecting the efficiency of seaport container terminals including the number of yard machines, and the number of quay crane. As with the various yard-layouts studied, it was found that containers are best stored in rows perpendicular to the quay-line with about 10 to 14 bays in each row. For a shorter ship service time, ideally the containers should be stored as close as possible to the ship. The best storage locations, however, are scarce resources and are not always available. Another model is developed for the best storage location as well as the best schedule for the container process. From an initial best schedule with predefined storage locations, the problem is solved by iterating through the refinement of storage scheme and re-scheduling. At a seaport terminal, ships are planned to arrive and leave within a scheduled time window. Nevertheless, a ship may arrive late due to poor weather conditions or disruptions at the previous port. Such delay may also affect its departure to the subsequent port. To minimise the impact of ship delays, port operators must consider alternate arrangements including re-assignment of berths, re-sequencing of ships and rescheduling of the container process. A ship delay model is developed and the problem is solved by combining branching and Tabu Search. The models developed in this thesis establish the relationship between significant factors and the options for increasing throughput by discovering the bottlenecks. The models are applicable as decision tools for operation planning, yard layout, and cost and benefit analysis for investment in infrastructures.
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Wong, Andy King-sing. "Optimisation of container process at multimodal container terminals." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16626/.
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Multimodal container terminals are an important part of the logistics systems in international trade. Any improvement in the terminal efficiency is likely to reduce the costs of transporting goods, and to strengthen the trading position of the nation. During the import process, containers flow from ships to the storage yard for temporary storage and then are later moved to the hinterland by rail, or by road. The export process is the reverse of the import process. From the marshalling area, it is possible for a yard machine to carry an inbound container to the storage area and back with an inbound container in one round trip. This thesis investigates the inbound and outbound container process of multimodal container terminals in a multi-ship and multi-berth environment. The aim is to develop mathematical models and analytical tools for yard operation and planning. This study concerns the yardlayout, storage locations, operation strategies as well as the sequencing and scheduling of container process. Several models are developed for the scheduling of container process, taking account of planned and unplanned disruptions, and the intermediate buffer at the marshalling area. The problem is NP-hard and real-life problems often involve large number of containers. In addition, many schedules may not be feasible due to deadlock or violation of precedence-constraints. Good results were achieved on benchmark problems using the proposed innovative. In dealing with unplanned disruptions, reactive scheduling approach was found to give the results similar to as if the disruptions were planned in advance. Numerical investigations are also presented on various factors affecting the efficiency of seaport container terminals including the number of yard machines, and the number of quay crane. As with the various yard-layouts studied, it was found that containers are best stored in rows perpendicular to the quay-line with about 10 to 14 bays in each row. For a shorter ship service time, ideally the containers should be stored as close as possible to the ship. The best storage locations, however, are scarce resources and are not always available. Another model is developed for the best storage location as well as the best schedule for the container process. From an initial best schedule with predefined storage locations, the problem is solved by iterating through the refinement of storage scheme and re-scheduling. At a seaport terminal, ships are planned to arrive and leave within a scheduled time window. Nevertheless, a ship may arrive late due to poor weather conditions or disruptions at the previous port. Such delay may also affect its departure to the subsequent port. To minimise the impact of ship delays, port operators must consider alternate arrangements including re-assignment of berths, re-sequencing of ships and rescheduling of the container process. A ship delay model is developed and the problem is solved by combining branching and Tabu Search. The models developed in this thesis establish the relationship between significant factors and the options for increasing throughput by discovering the bottlenecks. The models are applicable as decision tools for operation planning, yard layout, and cost and benefit analysis for investment in infrastructures.
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Plezia, Mark A. "An energy comparison between polycarbonate and glass half-gallon milk bottles used in a returnable refillable system /." Online version of thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11176.
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Terneborg, Martin. "Enabling container failover by extending current container migration techniques." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-85380.
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Historically virtual machines have been the backbone of the cloud-industry, allowing cloud-providers to offer virtualized multi-tenant solutions. A key aspect of the cloud is its flexibility and abstraction of the underlying hardware. Virtual machines can enhance this aspect by enabling support for live migration and failover. Live migration is the process of moving a running virtual machine from one host to another and failover ensures that a failed virtual machine will automatically be restarted (possibly on another host). Today, as containers continue to increase in popularity and make up a larger portion of the cloud, often replacing virtual machines, it becomes increasingly important for these processes to be available to containers as well. However, little support for container live migration and failover exists and remains largely experimental. Furthermore, no solution seems to exists that offers both live migration and failover for containers in a unified solution. The thesis presents a proof-of-concept implementation and description of a system that enables support for both live migration and failover for containers by extending current container migration techniques. It is able to offer this to any OCI-compliant container, and could therefore potentially be integrated into current container and container orchestration frameworks. In addition, measurements for the proof-of-concept implementation are provided and used to compare the proof-of-concept implementation to a current container migration technique. Furthermore, the thesis presents an overview of the history and implementation of containers, current migration techniques, and metrics that can be used for measuring different migration techniques are introduced. The paper concludes that current container migration techniques can be extended in order to support both live migration and failover, and that in doing so one might expect to achieve a downtime equal to, and total migration time lower than that of pre-copy migration. Supporting both live migration and failover, however, comes at a cost of an increased amount of data needed to be transferred between the hosts.
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Stander, Christo. "The handling of fruit reefer containers in the Cape Town container terminal." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95874.
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Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African fresh fruit export industry is concerned about fruit and financial losses due to temperature breaks within the fresh fruit export cold chain. The Port of Cape Town plays a crucial role in the export process as the majority of fruit reefer containers that are exported through Cape Town are handled by the Cape Town Container Terminal. This study focuses on the container terminal leg of the fresh fruit export process. Observations made in the Cape Town Container Terminal, at shipping lines and exporting companies show that certain procedures are not always followed in the Cape Town Container Terminal and that congestion and ineffective working methods are causing breaks within the fresh fruit export cold chain. Temperature and time data received from Transnet Port Terminals, shipping lines and exporting companies were analysed for the container terminal segment of the export process. From the data analysis it is clear that there are a large number of breaks originating within the container terminal and that the port is not operating efficiently. The study identifies areas of improvement and makes recommendations on improving some of the issues discussed.
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Volpe, Alessio. "Virtual Distributed Container." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16748/.
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Nell'ambito che vede protagonisti i container per la realizzazione di applicazioni distribuite Virtual Distributed Container (VDC) offre un nuovo modello di rete.
Questo lavoro ha l'obiettivo di fornire il supporto delle reti VDE ai container Docker. VDC è implementato sotto forma di plugin installabile all'interno di Docker.
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Gottschalk, Thomas. "Switchable container molecules /." Zürich : ETH, 2008. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18067.
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Murtaza, Alexander, and Oscar Stenström. "Handheld container stabilizer." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264484.
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Self-stabilizing systems can be found in many contexts. They are used in aircraft and camera gimbals to name a few. In this project, a self-stabilizing container was constructed. The construction consists of three parts. An inner ring which rotates around the Z-axis, an outer ring which rotates around the Y-axis and a handle with space for three DC motors and a microcontroller. In this project an Arduino Nano was used. To detect inclination an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) was deployed. An IMU is a sensor consisting of three gyroscopes and three accelerometers, one for each coordinate axis. The software for the construction consists of four parts; angle reading, a Kalman filter, two PID-controllers and a motor controller. When a container is inserted into the construction the four-part system keeps the container horizontal and stable. Experimental data shows that in 84% of the tests the construction could stabilize the container.Självstabiliserande system kan man finna i många olika sammanhang. Några exempel på självstabiliserande system är flygplan och kamerastabilisatorer. I detta projekt konstruerades en självstabiliserande behållare. Konstruktionen består av tre delar. En ring som kan rotera runt Z-axeln, en ring som kan rotera runt Y-axeln och ett handtag med plats för likströmsmotorer och mikrokontroller. I detta projekt användes Arduino Nano. För att avläsa vinklarna användes en tröghetsmäatare. En tröghetsmätare är en sensor som består av tre gyroskop och tre accelerometrar, en för varje axel. Mjukvaran i konstruktionen består av fyra delar; vinkelavläsning, ett Kalmanfilter, två PID-regulatorer och motorkontroller. Beroende på vilken vinkel konstruktionen har kommer någon av motorerna att korrigera vinkeln på behållaren. Testerna visade att konstruktionen kunde stabilisera behållaren i 84% av alla tester.
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McDonough, Kenton Robert. "Torpedo: A Fuzzing Framework for Discovering Adversarial Container Workloads." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104159.
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Over the last decade, container technology has fundamentally changed the landscape of commercial
cloud computing services. In contrast to traditional VM technologies, containers
theoretically provide the same process isolation guarantees with less overhead and additionally
introduce finer grained options for resource allocation. Cloud providers have widely
adopted container based architectures as the standard for multi-tenant hosting services and
rely on underlying security guarantees to ensure that adversarial workloads cannot disrupt
the activities of coresident containers on a given host. Unfortunately, recent work has shown
that the isolation guarantees provided by containers are not absolute. Due to inconsistencies
in the way cgroups have been added to the Linux kernel, there exist vulnerabilities that
allow containerized processes to generate "out of band" workloads and negatively impact
the performance of the entire host without being appropriately charged. Because of the
relative complexity of the kernel, discovering these vulnerabilities through traditional static
analysis tools may be very challenging. In this work, we present TORPEDO, a set of modifications
to the SYZKALLER fuzzing framework that creates containerized workloads and searches
for sequences of system calls that break process isolation boundaries. TORPEDO combines
traditional code coverage feedback with resource utilization measurements to motivate the
generation of "adversarial" programs based on user-defined criteria. Experiments conducted
on the default docker runtime runC as well as the virtualized runtime gVisor independently
reconfirm several known vulnerabilities and discover interesting new results and bugs, giving
us a promising framework to conduct more research.Master of Science
Over the last decade, container technology has fundamentally changed the landscape of commercial cloud computing services. By abstracting away many of the system details required to deploy software, developers can rapidly prototype, deploy, and take advantage of massive distributed frameworks when deploying new software products. These paradigms are supported with corresponding business models offered by cloud providers, who allocate space on powerful physical hardware among many potentially competing services. Unfortunately, recent work has shown that the isolation guarantees provided by containers are not absolute. Due to inconsistencies in the way containers have been implemented by the Linux kernel, there exist vulnerabilities that allow containerized programs to generate "out of band" workloads and negatively impact the performance of other containers. In general, these vulnerabilities are difficult to identify, but can be very severe. In this work, we present TORPEDO, a set of modifications to the SYZKALLER fuzzing framework that creates containerized workloads and searches for programs that negatively impact other containers. TORPEDO uses a novel technique that combines resource monitoring with code coverage approximations, and initial testing on common container software has revealed new interesting vulnerabilities and bugs.
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Preston, Peter Michael. "Developing scheduling techniques to optimise container transfers at seaport container terminals." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2001.
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Alndawi, Tara. "Replacing Virtual Machines and Hypervisors with Container Solutions." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-54607.
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We live in a world that is constantly evolving where new technologies and innovations are being introduced. This progress partly results in developing new technologies and also in the improvement of the current ones. Docker containers are a virtualization method that is one of these new technologies that has become a hot topic around the world as it is said to be a better alternative to today's current virtual machines. One of the aspects that has contributed to this statement is the difference from virtual machines where containers isolate processes from each other and not the entire operating system. The company Saab AB wants to be at the forefront of today's technology and is interested in investigating the possibilities with container technology. The purpose with this thesis work is partly to investigate whether the container solution is in fact an alternative to traditional VMs and what differences there are between these methods. This will be done with the help of an in-depth literature study of comperative studies between containers and VMs. The results of the comparative studies showed that containers are in fact a better alternative than VMs in certain aspects such as performance and scalability and are worthy for the company. Thus, in the second part of this thesis work, a proof of concept implementation was made, by recreating a part of the company’s subsystem TactiCall into containers, to ensure that this transition is possible for the concrete use-case and that the container solution works as intended. This task has succeeded in highlighting the benefits of containers and showing through a proof of concept that there is an opportunity for the company to transition from VMs into containers.
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Chang, Chia-Hsun. "Container shipping risk management : a case study of taiwan container shipping industry." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1590.
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Whilst container shipping has become increasingly important over the past few decades due to its obvious advantages, container shipping companies have faced various risks from different sources in their operations. Systematic academic studies on this topic are few; and in light of this, this study aims to systematically explore and analyse the risks in container shipping operations and to examine the applicable risk mitigation strategies in a logistics perspective, including information flow, physical flow, and payment flow. This thesis uses Taiwan container shipping industry as a case study, and borrows four steps of risk management as the main method, which includes risk identification, risk analysis, risk mitigation strategies identification, and strategies evaluation. In order to ensure the analysis is inclusive and systematic, risk factors and risk mitigation strategies are identified through a related literature review and are validated through a set of interviews. Risk analysis is conducted through using questionnaires, and then through risk ranking, risk matrix, risk mapping, and P-I graph. Risk mitigation strategies are evaluated through classic AHP and fuzzy AHP analysis. A number of significant findings have been obtained. Firstly, 35 risk factors are identified and classified into three categories: risks associated with information flow, risks associated with physical flow, and risks associated with payment flow. After collecting and analysing the risk-factor survey, the results indicate that the risk associated with physical flow has the more significant impact on shipping companies’ operation. However, one risk factor associated with information flow, “shippers hiding cargo information”, has the most significant impact among the 35 risk factors. Secondly, 20 risk mitigation strategies are identified and classified into three categories: intra-organisational strategies, intra-channel strategies, and inter-channel strategies. After collecting the AHP survey and analysing through classic AHP and fuzzy AHP, the result indicates that “slot exchange, slot charter, joint fleet, ship charter with other container shipping companies” is the most important strategy. The main contributions of this thesis include: (1) based on the literature review, there have been no research on risk management in the context of container shipping operation from a broad logistics perspective, and this thesis is the first attempt to fill this research gap; (2) this thesis uses Taiwan shipping industry as a case study to apply the framework, which generates useful managerial insights; (3) the conceptual model of risk management developed in this thesis can be applied to container shipping operations in other countries and regions; (4) compared with several studies using secondary data, this thesis uses empirical data to conduct the risk analysis, and make the results more close to the reality situation in container shipping; (5) in terms of risk analysis, this thesis ranks the total 35 risk factors rather than only identify the most important one, this can be used to be generalised to the whole container shipping companies in Taiwan, or even to the whole world; (6) in terms of risk management, the previous studies usually analyse only the importance of strategies. However, this thesis analyses the results of AHP from three different angles: reducing financial loss, reducing reputation loss, and reducing safety and security incident related loss. This can provide different angles for the managers who are considering different aspects.
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ElMesmary, Hebatallah Mohammed. "Modelling container logistics processes in container terminals : a case study in Alexandria." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3656.
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This study aims to optimize the logistics processes of container terminals. Potentially powerful pipe-flow models of container terminal logistics processes have been neglected to date and modelling of terminals is rare. Because research which adopts a pipe flow and dynamic operational perspective is rare, a case application in Alexandria, Egypt collated empirical container and information flows using interviews and company records to describe its logistics processes and model container and information flows. The methodology used includes qualitative and quantitative methods and a descriptive methodology proceeds sequentially. Primary and secondary data were presented as a pipe flow model to show interrelations between the company’s resources and to identify bottlenecks. Simulation modelling used Simul8 software. Operational level modelling of both import and export flows simulated the actual inbound and outbound flows of containers from entry to exit. The import logistics process includes activities such as unloading vessels by quay cranes, moving containers by tractors to yard cranes to go for storage where customs procedures take place before exiting the terminal by customer’s truck. The export logistics process includes the activities associated with customers’ trucks, lifters, storage yards, tractors and quay cranes. The model takes into account the uncertainties in each activity. This study focuses on operational aspects rather than cost issues, and considers container flows rather than vessel flows. Although the simulated model was not generalized, implementation elsewhere is possible. Following successful validation of a base simulation model which reproduces the case company’s historical scenario, scenario testing empowered the case company to pro-actively design and test the impact of operational changes on the entire logistics process. The study evaluates a typical container terminal logistics system including both import and export containers in the presence of multiple uncertainties in terminal operations (e.g. quay crane operations, tractor operations, yard crane operations). Sensitivity testing and scenario analysis can empower terminal managers to make decisions to improve performance, and to guide terminal planners, managers, and operators in testing future investment scenarios before implementation.
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Zhang, Xufan. "The United States container security initiative and European Union container seaport competition." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/11540.
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The increasing volume of container trade poses formidable security challenges. As a result of terrorist attacks, a variety of compulsory and voluntary security measures have been introduced to enhance and secure maritime container trade. The United States (US) Container Security Initiative (CSI) was claimed to impose serious problems in European Union (EU) ports, and in particular it was claimed to affect EU container port competitiveness due to compliance cost and operational inefficiency. This research aimed to analyse the impact of the CSI on EU container seaport competition. Following an abductive approach, a conceptual model was developed based on the literature review. This directed the design of a Delphi study, which was used to test the opinions of academic, industrial and administrative experts. The Delphi results showed the necessity of implementing maritime security measures integrated into the entire supply chain. The negativity effects of additional costs and operational obstructions are insignificant compared to the overall benefits from a secure supply chain. The CSI is a successful and appropriate maritime security measure. With regard to its effects on the EU container seaport competition, the CSI has not distorted port competition and small ports have not lost market share. It helps the member ports to create new revenue streams and attract more container traffic, hence enhancing their competitiveness. Moreover, it facilitates global trade by reducing total transit time. A model which contains four factors was built to interpret the results of the Delphi research. This model helps to analyse how a maritime security policy will affect the EU port industry. This research also reveals two major issues under the current supply chain security framework, which are the substantial liability problem and unbalanced bilateral relations. A proposal for developing a comprehensive multilateral regime that is fully integrated into the entire supply chain is recommended as a sustainable solution.
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Hoffmann, Ute. "Buchkurier auf Container umgestellt." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1200395233949-45180.
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Ratcliff, Max Simon William. "Aspects of container loading." Thesis, Swansea University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.547337.
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This work deals with the problem of container loading. It analyses the effectiveness of a layering approach to the problem. The approach is applied to three key areas within this field, the first being concerned solely with the production of efficient, yet stable, loading arrangements for a single container. Using this as a foundation, subsequent work considers the handling of certain practical aspects. The third area of research concerns extensions to the approach in order to tackle situations where all of the cargo needs to be stowed in a set of (several) containers. The work demonstrates that the proposed approach produces packing arrangements which are highly efficient in terms of volume utilisation, and are generally superior to results obtained from a variety of other approaches. Several modified versions of the approach are presented, but it is shown that the original algorithm (with some enhancements of secondary importance) provides a better basis for further work. Where separation of the cargo is required, e.g. when it consists of consignments for different destinations, the layering approach has some limitations. A method of column building, which overcomes these shortcomings, is presented and is shown to be complementaty to the layering approach in terms of the packing efficiency obtained. However, this method has severe drawbacks in relation to load stability. It is shown that practical criteria such as load-bearing ability of boxes and preferences relating to direct contact placements can be incorporated into the layering approach. The method developed uses opportunity cost concepts to govern the placement of boxes. It is demonstrated that the method can produce a significantly higher packing efficiency than is achieved when weight considerations are treated solely as constraints. A system of 'finetuning' is presented that allows the criteria involved to be given user-defined weighting factors. This is shown to be significantly enhanced by a mechanism which checks whether weight aspects are relevant in the current step of the algorithm. This research also demonstrates that the problem of loading multiple containers can often be optimally solved by using one of a number of techniques based on the single container layering approach. Sequential methods, in which containers are loaded one after another by the application of a single container algorithm, are examined. These are compared with procedures where simultaneous consideration is given to the loading of several containers. A computationally more complex method, based on a set covering philosophy, is also investigated as a possible approach. 'This process involves the generation of a number of single container loading configurations and subsequent selection, by integer programming, of a minimal subset which covers the total consignment. The potential of this type of approach is clearly demonstrated
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Aslan, Burak Galip Püskülcü Halis. "Heuristic container placement algorithms/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2003. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/bilgisayaryazilimi/T000268.rar.
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Yuan, Heng. "The template container database." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1973896521&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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McGrady, John, and Phil Tilt. "Vegetable Transplant Container Trial." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214255.
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Dai, Lai-man Raymond. "A review of the use less plastic bags campaign /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20042152.
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Jarumaneeroj, Pisit. "An economics study of container ports in the global network of container shipping." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53078.
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We propose a new measure, called the Container Port Connectivity Index (CPCI), to more accurately reflect the relative importance of container ports within the global network of container shipping. This index is based on both economics and network topology, where the strength of a port is based on its position within the global structure of shipping network and not just on local information, such as the number of TEUs handled or direct links to other ports. As the CPCI produces two separate scores for each inbound and outbound connectivity, we can use them to analyze the economic roles played by each port independently. We also propose a framework for evaluating market stability of a logistics hub in a competitive environment. In particular, we build a model, called the Liner Shipping Cooperative Model, to predict how the community of liners calling at a hub might develop as the result of actions by competitors. We use such a model to study the behavior of shipping lines, as well as the resulting trade-flow changes, as the system gradually moves toward new equilibrium defined by the grand coalition. With this piece of information, a port authority would be able to quantify threats posed by competitors and, consequently, devise counter strategies to safeguard its business against competing ports.
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Rajan, Ajith Sundara. "Ship containerisation in Hong Kong : will it continue at the top /." Thesis, [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1985. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12316672.
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Lau, Sau-yee. "A container port development case study evaluation about competitiveness between Hong Kong and Shenzhen ports /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41679842.
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Kumar, Brajesh. "Dynamic analysis of floating quay and container ship for container loading and offloading operation." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3269.
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A floating quay container terminal is used for loading or unloading from container ships from
both sides of a floating quay. The side-by-side Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) offloading
operation from floating terminals to LNG carriers is very similar to that from super-container
ships to floating quay-walls. The hydrodynamic interaction effects among a fixed quay,
container ship and floating quay, which are parallel to one another, are investigated. The
three body side-by-side arrangement is compared with the individual freely floating body in
the absence/presence of the fixed quay to identify the interaction effects. Hydrodynamic
coefficients of the interacting bodies are obtained using a three dimensional constant panel
method, WAMIT. Using a vessel-lines coupled dynamic analysis computer program
WINPOST, the relative motion between floating quay and container ship is simulated in time
domain. It is assumed in the present study that the floating quay is positioned by a dolphin
mooring system. This analysis provides the relative motion among container ship, fixed and
floating quay to ascertain that container loading and offloading can be performed in the
severe wave condition without any problem.
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Zhang, Lu, and 張露. "A genetic approach to simultaneous scheduling of container handling operations in a container terminal." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42841264.
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Zhang, Lu. "A genetic approach to simultaneous scheduling of container handling operations in a container terminal." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42841264.
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Guarino, Robert S. "Optimally locating container stuffing sites." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA275051.
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Jaffar, Wafi Dawood. "Performance improvement in container terminals." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424798.
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Palumbo, Carmelo Anthony 1970. "Pan-European durable container strategy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84334.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at MIT, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 79).
by Carmelo Anthony Palumbo.
S.M.
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Sun, Meng M. Arch Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Cyberspace as a memory container." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111488.
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Thesis: M. Arch., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 61).
Space is a container for memory. This metaphor is built upon the observation that the human mind can easily acquire spatial information without much deliberation. Moreover, non-spatial information can be better retrieved when associated with a spatial memory. The mnemonic function of space has been explored since ancient Greek and Roman times. The method of loci uses imaginary space and its spatial continuity to encode information and its sequence. Physical space, such as museum, was also used as cognitive device to enforce knowledge structures and for future information retrieval. The science of spatial cognition demonstrates how human perception is tuned to the features of the environment. In the digital age, representation of information in visual space shifted from mirroring the real world to triggering experience symbolically. What should virtual space permit and deny in parallel to the real world? Symbolic systems can be capable of eliciting the rich virtual experience from the mind's myriad depths, with even more leverage compared to representing objects in mechanical context. Given space's mnemonic function and cyberspace's rich potential, this thesis explores the design of virtual space for projecting, retrieving, and composing memory. The project propose different spatial design schemes to experiment with and understand the possible relations between virtual space and memory.
by Meng Sun.
M. Arch.
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Hatsgai, Okinobu. "Equipment control in container shipping." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36497.
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Friðriksson, Vilhelm. "Container overhead in microservice systems." Thesis, KTH, Radio Systems Laboratory (RS Lab), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-235693.
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Containers have been gaining popularity in recent years due to their ability to provide higher flexibility, higher reliability and dynamic scalability to enterprise software systems. In order to fully utilize containers, software developers aim to build their software using microservice architecture, meaning that instead of working on a single large codebase for the whole project, the software is split into smaller units. These microservices can be deployed in their own container instead of the traditional virtual machine setup where a server has to configured with all necessary dependencies. Moving away from the monolithic software architecture to containerized microservices is bound to bring performance penalties due to increased network calls between services and container overhead. The integration must therefor be carefully planned in order to fully utilize the container setup while minimizing the overhead. The purpose of this thesis project was to measure how much overhead can be expected due to containers in an enterprise environment. By using a combination of virtual machines and Docker containers, a microservice system was deployed with four different deployment strategies and the system’s performance was measured by analyzing request response times under various loads. The services were made to run on a single server and on multiple servers, with and without Docker. The performance measurements showed that the system performed worse in every case when Docker was used. Furthermore, the results showed that Docker can have significant negative impact on performance when there is a heavy load on the system.Containers har blivit populärare under de senaste åren tack vare deras förmåga att ge högre flexibilitet, högre tillförlitlighet och dynamisk skalbarhet för företagsprogramvarusystem. För att fullt ut kunna använda containers har programutvecklarna för avsikt att bygga sin programvara med hjälp av mikroservicearkitekturen, vilket innebär att programvaran delas upp i mindre enheter istället för att arbeta på en enda stor kodbas för hela projektet. Dessa mikroservices kan distribueras i sina egna containers istället för den traditionella virtuella maskininstallationen, där en server måste konfigureras med alla nödvändiga beroenden. Att flytta sig från monolitisk mjukvaruarkitektur till containeriserade microservices kommer att få prestandaförsämringar på grund av ökade nätverksanrop mellan tjänster och container-overhead. Integrationen måste därför noggrant planeras för att fullt ut utnyttja containeruppsättningen och minimera overhead. Syftet med detta avhandlingsprojekt var att mäta hur mycket overhead kan förväntas på grund av containers i en företagsmiljö. Genom att använda en kombination av virtuella maskiner och Dockercontainers, implementerades ett microservices-system med fyra olika implementeringsstrategier och systemets prestanda mättes genom att analysera anropens svarstid under olika belastningar. Tjänsterna gjordes för att köras på en enda server och på flera servrar, med och utan Docker. Prestandamätningarna visade att systemet var sämre i alla fall när Docker användes. Dessutom, visade resultaten att Docker kan ha signifikant negativ inverkan på prestanda när det är tung belastning på systemet.
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Jagelid, Michelle. "Container Vulnerability Scanners: An Analysis." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279967.
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Containers are rising in popularity as a technique for deploying services to cloud infrastructures. A Container image is a static format of a running container, storing all essential information needed to boot and run a container. Container images are often stored in repositories and widely shared among users. Container images stored on registries such as Docker Hub are shown to contain numerous known vulnerabilities. This study investigates differences between containers and VMs, and why security tooling, such as known-vulnerability scanners, need to adapt. Further, we present necessary steps of a workflow when implementing container vulnerability scanners, along with problems and solutions to consider for each step. Finally, a comparison was conducted of two open-source scanners, Anchore and Clair. The tools were compared on 8 versions of common OS distributions. We show that there are differences between the two tools when scanning OS-packages. A majority of these differences likely appear because of definition disagreement. Disregarding definition disagreements, other differences are more likely due to implementation, but these differences are not large enough to be significant.Containrar är en växande teknik för användning av applikationer i moln-infrastruktur. Container-avbildningar innehåller all information om exekveringsmiljön för en container och de sparas ofta i utvecklingskataloger. Dessa avbildningar delas frekvent mellan utvecklare. Container-avbildningar som sparas i utvecklingskataloger har visats innehålla flertalet kända sårbarheter. Denna studie undersöker funktionella skillnader och design-skillnader mellan containrar och virtuella maskiner och varför säkerhetsverktyg, så som kända-sårbarhetsskannrar, behöver anpassas. Utöver detta, identifieras ett arbetsflöde som behöver implementeras vid utveckling av säkerhets-skannrar för containrar. Till detta presenteras även problem och lösningar att tänka på för varje steg i flödet. Slutligen, utförs en jämförelse mellan två skannrar med öppen källkod, nämligen Anchore och Clair. Verktygen jämförs med 8 olika versioner av vanligt förekommande operativsystem-distributioner. Resultaten visade att det finns skillnader i utförande mellan de två jämförda verktygen när man fokuserar på installerade OS-paket. Majoriteten av olikheterna är troligtvis relaterade till en oenighet av definitioner av sårbarheter. Bortser man från dessa oenigheter, uppkommer andra olikheter troligtvis på grund av skillnader i implementeringen av de två verktygen. Dessa skillnader är dock inte stora nog för att vara signifikanta.
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Karkera, Sohan Sadanand. "Implementation of Distributed Cloud System Architecture using AdvancedContainer Orchestration, Cloud Storage, and Centralized Database for a Web-based Platform." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613750624346862.
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Olsson, Johan. "Prestandajämförelse mellan Windows Server container och Hyper-V : I vilken grad förloras resurser när ett system partitioneras med dessa?" Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15747.
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Det här arbetet hade målet att undersöka vilken storlek förlusten av resurser som Hyper-V och Windows Server container introducerar när ett system delas upp med dessa. Genom att testa detta skulle man också kunna jämföra Microsofts implementering av containerbaserad virtualisering med Linux implementering och se om det finns några likheter. För att kunna jämföra med tidigare forskning fanns målet att försöka efterlikna metoden i tidigare forskning som gjort liknande tester i operativsystemet Linux med KVM och LXC så nära som möjligt. Resultaten visades sig till stor del överensstämma med resultaten på tester genomförda i Linux. Det vill säga att container-baserad virtualisering har överlag en mindre förlust av resurser än hypervisor-baserad virtualisering. Undantaget var dock nätverkstesterna där container-baserad virtualisering presterade sämst men även detta överensstämde med tidigare forskning.This work had the goal of looking at the loss of resources that Hyper-V and Windows Server container introduce when a system is partitioned with these. By testing this, you could also compare Microsoft's implementation of container-based virtualization with Linux implementation and see if there are any similarities. To be able to compare with previous research, the goal was to try to mimic the method in previous research that made similar tests in the Linux operating system with KVM and LXC as close as possible. The results were largely consistent with the results of tests conducted in Linux. That is, container-based virtualization generally has a smaller loss of resources than hypervisor-based virtualization. The exception was, however, the network tests where container-based virtualization performed poorest, but this also was consistent with previous research.
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Giriunas, Kevin Andrew. "Evaluation, Modeling, and Analysis of Shipping Container Building Structures." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1323878208.
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Gasimli, Elkhan. "Container Network Interface Management with Kubernetes." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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The orchestration of containers and cloud-native computing has gained a lot of attention in recent years. The level of adoption has risen to such an extent that even businesses in finance, banking and the public sector are involved. Containers are deployed in both public and private cloud environments and are typically deployed in VM (Virtual Machines) environments for versatility. Microservices demand usage of large number of containers that require orchestration, and one of the most common solutions is Kubernetes. However, Kubernetes does not provide networking solution and CNI (Container Networking Interface) and its plugins provide it. Their capabilities must be measured in order to select the best plugin. In this thesis, the most used Kubernetes CNI plugins such as Flannel, Calico and Cilium are deployed and tested. At the end, main differences, advantages and disadvantages of the plugins are discussed in order to make a corresponding choice based on required project.
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Kresek, Carolyn M. "Container operations at Army munitions depots." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA296733.
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Webb, Oliver A. "Bespoke container molecules for fuel additives." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.606795.
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The findings of the first reported guest centric encapsulation study are presented within. The guests were of interest as petrol and diesel (fuel) additives, with the focus on 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (2-EHN), di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP), aniline, N-methylaniline (NMA) and N,Ndimethylaniline CNNDMA). Complexation with 2-EHN and DTBP was achieved with the novel calix[4]arene derivative, 5, 11, 17, 23-tetra-tert-butyl, 25, 27-bis(oxyethylphenylurea), 26, 28-dihydroxycalix[4}arene, CA(III). This was confirmed in solution by the use of NMR techniques. The multi-step procedure to yield a tetrol cavitand. with recent updates to the procedures are fully described. A new carceplex system with aniline encapsulated, carceplex aniline (4, 24- 5,5'- 6,10- 11 , 11'- 12, 16- 17, 17'- 18, 22- 23, 23'- 4', 24'- 6',10'- 12', 16'- 18 ',22' dodecamethylenedioxy, 2, 8, 14,20, 2', 8' ,14', 20'-octapentyl-bis-calix[4]arene aniline) was produced in a pioneering pressure tube encapsulation follwing unsuccessful attempts under reflux conditions. A pyrogallol[4]arene with pentyl pendant group (2, 8, 14, 20-tetrapentylpyrogallol[4]arene) PA(I) was synthesised and successfully employed for self-assembled complex formation with aniline, NMA and NNDMA. These complexes were found to be stable in polar and apolar media at 313 K over a duration of 2 months. The complexes were of stoichiometry 10:1 (aniline: PA(I)), 12:1 (NMA : PA(I)), and 4:1 (NNDMA: PA(l)). Significant variation was observed when complexes were analysed by TGA in air up to 800 °C compared to control. PA(I) . aniline and PA(I) . NMA displayed solubilities in apolar media making them suitable for analysis in test engines as fuel additives. The first report of a (two-step) carcerand synthesised from pyrogallol[4]arene, PA(I) with the introduction of methylene dioxy spanning and bridging groups, yielding the novel carcerand 4,24- 5, 4'.- 6, 5' - 10, 1\ ' - 12, 16- 17, 16'- 18, 17'- 22, 23'- 23, 24' - 6', 10'- 18', 22' dodecamethylenedioxy, 2, 8, 14, 20, 2', 8', 14', 20' -octapentyl-bis-calix[4]arene is also presented.
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Wong, Sze-ching Terence, and 黃詩靖. "A review of container terminal productivity." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B27024751.
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Hung, Wing-chun, and 洪榮川. "The costing of container liner service." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31952033.
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Hajput, S. K. "Modelling of glass container forming process." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376699.
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Zhao, Xiaozhou. "The three-dimensional container loading problem." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/413542/.
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This thesis investigates the three-dimensional container loading problem. We review all literatures published in this area, and explain our unique problem raised from an industry partner. As constructive heuristic remains uncontrollable to us, we design improvement algorithms both to and not to intervene with how constructive heuristic works, namely iterated local search and beam search. New benchmark data sets for multiple containers problem are generated to fill the shortage of challenging data sets. Computational results for homogeneous containers problem indicate that while both approaches work on our problem, beam search remains a favourable choice. We also extend our algorithms to solve heterogeneous containers problem.
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Zhao, Yang. "Path-following Control of Container Ships." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1563275115222067.
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Hartmann, Sönke. "Scheduling reefer mechanics at container terminals." Elsevier, 2013. https://publish.fid-move.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36285.
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This paper discusses the scheduling of reefer mechanics at container terminals. Reefer mechanics plug and unplug reefer containers such that due times are met. We outline the resulting scheduling problem and two simple heuristics. Subsequently, we present a simulation model to analyze the scheduling methods and the reefer-related processes in a realistic dynamic framework. Some results from the simulation experiments are also presented. They demonstrate the applicability of the heuristic and the use of the simulation model in practice. The simulation study was carried out for a real container terminal in the port of Hamburg, Germany.
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Ma, Nang Laik. "Optimal Planning of Container Terminal Operations." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/4282.
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Due to globalization and international trade, moving goods using a mixture of transportation modes has become a norm; today, large vessels transport 95% of the international cargos. In the first part of this thesis, the emphasis is on the sea-land intermodal transport. The availability of different modes of transportation (rail/road/direct) in sea-land intermodal transport and container flows (import, export, transhipment) through the terminal are considered simultaneously within a given planning time horizon. We have also formulated this problem as an Integer Programming (IP) model and the objective is to minimise storage cost, loading and transportation cost from/to the customers. To further understand the computational complexity and performance of the model, we have randomly generated a large number of test instances for extensive experimentation of the algorithm. Since, CPLEX was unable to find the optimal solution for the large test problems; a heuristic algorithm has been devised based on the original IP model to find near 'optimal' solutions with a relative error of less than 4%. Furthermore, we developed and implemented Lagrangian Relaxation (LR) of the IP formulation of the original problem. The bounds derived from LR were improved using sub-gradient optimisation and computational results are presented. In the second part of the thesis, we consider the combined problems of container assignment and yard crane (YC) deployment within the container terminal. A new IP formulation has been developed using a unified approach with the view to determining optimal container flows and YC requirements within a given planning time horizon. We designed a Branch and Cut (B&C) algorithm to solve the problem to optimality which was computationally evaluated. A novel heuristic approach based on the IP formulation was developed and implemented in C++. Detailed computational results are reported for both the exact and heuristic algorithms using a large number of randomly generated test problems. A practical application of the proposed model in the context of a real case-study is also presented. Finally, a simulation model of container terminal operations based on discrete-event simulation has been developed and implemented with the view of validating the above optimisation model and using it as a test bed for evaluating different operational scenarios.
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Young, Kelly M. "Container Gardening In The Southwest Desert." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625429.
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Hsu, Shen-Ming, and 許聖民. "Export Containers’ Stock Location Assignment In Container Yards." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50013257319221311507.
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碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
航運管理學系
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Currently the container slot assignment in the container yard is totally based on personal experience without any theoretical foundation, so the results of the assignment are often inefficient in terms of turn over movements of container and operating cost. The main purpose of the thesis is to propose an efficient assigning rule in order to reduce turn over movements of container and improve the operational efficiency of the container yard. We confine our research in the export containers of the container yard and the data of one month period is collected from a local container yard. The literature review, depth interview and FORTRAN programming are the research methodologies in this thesis. Based on related literature review and the depth interview with the administrative staff of the container yard, we summarize the key attributes affecting the number of turn over movements. Following the key attributes, we design the assigning rule of the export containers and convert the assigning rule into FORTRAN program. By comparing our assigning rule with the actual assigning based on personal experience within one month period, we find that our assigning rule is promising. The number of turn over movement is substantially reduced in two different scenarios. As to future research, more tests should be conducted to see if our assigning rule is still working well in a various situations.