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Suryadi, Taufik, Fadilah Alfiya, Muhammad Yusuf, Rosaria Indah, Taufik Hidayat, and Kulsum Kulsum. "CONTENT VALIDITY FOR THE RESEARCH INSTRUMENT REGARDING TEACHING METHODS OF THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF BIOETHICS." Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education 12, no. 2 (2023): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpki.77062.
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Background: Bioethics teaching especially related to the basic principles of bioethics can be done by several methods. Currently in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala applying conventional lecture methods, so that other methods are needed to make teaching more interesting. To get the teaching method that students want, a research is carried out through filling out questionnaires. In order for the research questionnaire to be valid, it is necessary to validate the instrument through the content validity of the questionnaire.Methods: The content validity of the questionnaire is carried out by determining the score of each statement item and calculating the Item Content Validity Index (I-CVI), Scale Content Validity Index-Average (S-CVI/Ave), Scale Content Validity Index-Universal agreement (S-CVI/UA), Content Validity Ratio (CVR), Content Validity Index (CVI) and Cohen Kappa Index (CKI) was conducted by 10 assessors from 10 different institutions.Result: The results of the validation of the contents of the questionnaire from the 29 statement items tested obtained that 96% the CVR was ≥ 0.800, 96% I-CVI was ≥ 0.900, CVI was 0.903, S-CVI/UA was 0.551, S-CVI/Ave was 0.952 (recommendation 0.90), average proportion of items judges as relevances across the ten experts 0.949 and CKI was 95,17%.Conclusions: The content validity of this research instrument is very high seen from the CVR, I-CVI, the average value of agreement between assessors (S-CVI/Ave), and the average value of the proportion of statement item relevance (S-CVI/UA) so that it can be developed in various similar studies that discuss the teaching methods of basic principles of bioethics.
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Egger-Rainer, Andrea. "Determination of Content Validity of the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit Comfort Questionnaire Using the Content Validity Index." Journal of Nursing Measurement 26, no. 2 (2018): 398–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1061-3749.26.2.398.
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Background and Purpose:The Epilepsy Monitoring Unit Comfort Questionnaire (EMUCQ) is a self-assessment instrument to measure perceived patient comfort during hospitalization in an EMU. This study aimed at initially determining the content validity by rating the content validity index (CVI).Methods:Nine experts judged the 60-item EMUCQ-1 by filling out a content validation form. The CVI was computed on item (I-CVI) and at an average scale (S-CVI/Ave) level.Results:As many as 26 items remained unchanged and 12 items were reworded to prepare the 38-item EMUCQ-2 (I-CVI scores ≥ .78). Fourteen items were omitted and an additional eight items were put aside for further evaluation. The S-CVI/Ave reached .90.Conclusion:The first results indicate the EMUCQ-2 to be valid in terms of content. Further assessment by members of the target population is advisable.
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Lukmanul Hakim, Nur Ain Md, Mohamad Rasidi Pairan, and Mohamad Ikram Zakaria. "Step-By-Step Guide to Calculating Content Validity Index (CVI) For Single Constructs Using Excel." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science IX, no. III (2025): 1717–26. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.90300135.
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The Content Validity Index (CVI) is a widely used method for assessing the validity of questionnaire items, particularly in educational and social science research. This paper presents a step-by-step tutorial on calculating the CVI for a single construct using Microsoft Excel, making the validation process accessible to researchers with minimal statistical expertise. The methodology includes computing the Item-Level Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and the Scale-Level Content Validity Index (S-CVI), using expert ratings to determine the relevance of questionnaire items. The tutorial demonstrates key Excel functions, such as COUNTIF and AVERAGE, to automate the validity calculation. The findings indicate that while the overall S-CVI/Average (0.875) exceeds the threshold of 0.8, individual I-CVI values revealed areas for potential refinement, highlighting the importance of both item-level and scale-level analysis. This tutorial provides a practical guide for researchers to systematically validate their instruments, ensuring rigor and reliability in questionnaire development.
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Zainaghi, Irene, Silvia Cilluffo, and Maura Lusignani. "Identification and Validation of an Instrument to Measure Physicians‘and Nurses' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Stewardship." International Journal of Critical Care 18, no. 3 (2024): 34–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/ijcc89.
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Background: In Italy, the presence of a suitable instrument to measure the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of intensive care physicians and nurses with respect to antibiotic resistance and antimicrobial stewardship could not be identified Objectives: To validate the Italian version of the Ashiru-Oredope tool used by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) in 2019 to investigate intensive care nurses' and physicians' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding antibiotic resistance. Methods: Content validity was assessed using the Item-Content Validity Index (I-CVI), Scale Level-Content Validity Index/Universal Agreement (S-CVI/UA) score, Scale Level-Content Validity Index/Average (S-CVI/Ave) score, and Average Content Validity Ratio (CVR). Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was then carried out together with cluster analysis (CA) to check the correspondence of the items with the eight subdivision domains of the scale. Results: The final version consisted of 55/60 deemed relevant items, with Item-Content Validity Index (I-CVI) scores ranging from 0,625 to 1. The Scale Level-Content Validity Index/Universal Agreement (S-CVI/UA) score was 0.43; the Scale Level-Content Validity Index/Average (S-CVI/Ave) 0.90. The mean CVR of the scale was 0.43. The inter-rater reliability (Cohen's K) was between good and excellent. The combination of MCA and CA confirmed the correspondence of the items with the domains. Conclusion: The Italian version is a reliable and valid instrument for investigating antibiotic resistance and antimicrobial stewardship among Italian intensive care nurses and physicians.
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Bahari, Farah Aizar Zaipul, and Salmiza Saleh. "Content Validation Procedure: Development of Problem-solving Skills Test (PSST)." Jurnal Pendidikan Sains dan Matemaitk Malaysia 13, no. 1 (2023): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.37134/jpsmm.vol13.1.1.2023.
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This research aimed at developing a test instrument, the Problem-solving Skills Test (PSST) for Year Four students. The researcher has carried out content validity procedures on the PSST instrument. The content validity of the test involved six content validation experts. There were ten items for the test instrument. The items on the test have been evaluated quantitatively using the Content Validity Index (CVI) to determine whether they should be retained or discarded. According to the findings, the item content validity index, I-CVI, came in at a value of 1.00 for all items. This resulted in the scale content validity index, for both S-CVI/Ave and S-CVI/UA, equal to 1.00. Therefore, the Problem-solving Skills Test (PSST) has attained a very high degree of content validity and may be administered in actual research to determine students’ problem-solving skills.
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Wang, Fei, and Sheerad Sahid. "Content validation and content validity index calculation for entrepreneurial behavior instruments among vocational college students in China." Multidisciplinary Reviews 7, no. 9 (2024): 2024187. http://dx.doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2024187.
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This paper aims to assess entrepreneurial behavior among vocational college students in China with a valid measurement, the content validity index (CVI). Content validity is essential for substantiating the accuracy of an assessment tool such as questionnaires, particularly in the context of research. In this process, content validity was ensured through use of an expert panel approach comprising five individuals with expertise in the studied field. Therefore, vocational college students’ entrepreneurial behavior, which consists of entrepreneurial activities, overcoming failure, and proactive behavior, was analyzed and tested using CVI. This research included five expert panels in the field of entrepreneurial education in China, and a 4-point relevance rating scale that has already been proven to have high efficacy was used in this study. There are two types of CVIs, the Scale-level Content Validity Index (S-CVI) and the Item-level Content Validity Index (I-CVI). Items scoring less than 1.00 on the I-CVI or less than 0.9 on the S-CVI were removed. The researcher found that the constructs of entrepreneurial behavior, including entrepreneurial activities, overcoming failure, and proactive behavior, demonstrated strong content validity in assessing the extent of entrepreneurial behavior among vocational college students in China. After this stage, further research on construct validity and reliability tests with the current scale is recommended. The results further confirm its suitability, indicating that this scale is applicable for researchers exploring studies that focus on entrepreneurial behavior within the context of vocational colleges.
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Du Wei. "Content Validation and Content Validity Index Calculation for Teacher Innovativeness Instrument among Henan Private Universities in China." Communications on Applied Nonlinear Analysis 32, no. 10s (2025): 175–87. https://doi.org/10.52783/cana.v32.4705.
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This paper aims to assess teacher innovativeness among Henan private universities in China with a valid measurement, the content validity index (CVI). Content validity is essential for substantiating the accuracy of an assessment tool such as questionnaires, particularly in the context of research. In this process, content validity was ensured through use of an expert panel approach comprising five individuals with expertise in the studied field. Therefore, teacher innovativeness in private universities, which consists of openness to change, creativity, risk-taking propensity, and flexibility to educational changes, was analyzed and tested using CVI. This research included five expert panels in the field of educational management in China and a 4-point relevance rating scale that has already been proven to have high efficacy was used in this study. There are two types of CVIs: the Scale-level Content Validity Index (S-CVI) and the item-level Content Validity Index (I-CVI). Items scoring less than 1.00 on the I-CVI or less than 0.9 on the S-CVI were removed. The researcher found that the constructs of teacher innovativeness, including openness to change, creativity, risk-taking propensity, and flexibility, demonstrated strong content validity in assessing the extent of teacher innovativeness among Henan private universities in China. After this stage, further research on construct validity and reliability tests with the current scale is recommended. The results further confirm its suitability, indicating that this scale is applicable for researchers exploring studies that focus on teacher innovativeness within the context of private universities.
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Ramalingam, P., S. Revathi, and P. Vijayasamundeeswari. "Development and validation of educational pamphlet to prevent sleepapnea." CARDIOMETRY, no. 25 (February 14, 2023): 271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2022.25.271275.
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Background. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent complete (apneas) and partial (hypopneas) upper airway obstructive. The Obstructive Sleep Apnea is one of the leading risk factor for coronary heart diseases and heart failure. Aim. The aim of the study was to develop and validate the educational pamphlet on Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) Design. A mixed method research design with quantitative research approach was adopted in this study. Methods. Educational pamphlet was developed on prevention and control of Obstructive sleep apnea. The pamphlet was developed in three phases which includes review of content, design / layout of the pamphlet and validation with expert opinion. The pamphlet was validated using Item level content validity index (I-CVI) and Scale level Content Validity Index (S-CVI). individual items which ranged from 0.94 – 1. Scale level Content Validity Index (S-CVI) was 0.9120.
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Md Zin, Rabeah, Adi Irfan Che Ani, Nur 'Amirah Mhd Noh, Mohd Asrul Hassin, and Zainuddin Daud. "Development and Validation of the IoT-FiER Instrument for Fire Emergency Response Management." Semarak International Journal of Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 4, no. 1 (2025): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.37934/sijaset.4.1.112a.
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This study aims to develop and validate the IoT-FiER instrument to assess the acceptance and adoption of IoT technology in fire emergency response management. The focus is on ensuring the instrument's content validity for use by Malaysian Fire and Rescue Department (JBPM) firefighters. The instrument was developed using a systematic literature review (SLR) to identify critical elements and sub-constructs related to IoT adoption. A total of 102 items were created and validated through expert judgment using the Content Validity Index (CVI). Nine domain experts, including fire officers, engineering professionals, and academicians, rated the relevance of the items. The I-CVI, S-CVI/UA, and S-CVI/Ave were quantified to determine content validity. The validation process demonstrated high content validity, with I-CVI values ranging from 0.11 to 1. The scale-level content validity index (S-CVI/Ave) achieved 0.80, while the universal agreement (S-CVI/UA) was 0.78. A total of 21 items were removed due to low relevance ratings, ensuring the refined instrument aligns with domain-specific constructs. This study focuses on content validity; future research should examine reliability, face validity, and criterion validity to ensure the robustness of the IoT-FiER instrument. The IoT-FiER instrument provides a validated tool for evaluating IoT adoption readiness within fire safety management. It can assist policymakers and practitioners in improving fire emergency responses through IoT integration. This study contributes a systematically validated instrument that bridges theoretical frameworks and practical applications of IoT in fire safety, specifically for emergency management in Malaysia.
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Du Wei. "Contextualizing Distributive Leadership Measurement through Expert-Centric Validation in China's Private University Ecosystem." Communications on Applied Nonlinear Analysis 32, no. 10s (2025): 188–201. https://doi.org/10.52783/cana.v32.4706.
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This study evaluates the validity of measuring Principal's Distributive Leadership in private universities in Henan, China, using the Content Validity Index (CVI). Valid measurement tools, like questionnaires, are crucial in research for accurate assessments. To ensure content validity, we employed a panel of five experts in educational management, leveraging their insights to refine the instrument. The study focused on three key dimensions of Distributive Leadership: Support, Supervision, and Cohesive Leadership Team. These constructs were evaluated using a 4-point relevance rating scale, known for its efficacy. Two types of CVI were utilized: the Scale-level Content Validity Index (S-CVI) and the Item-level Content Validity Index (I-CVI). Items scoring below 1.00 on the I-CVI or below 0.9 on the S-CVI were excluded from further analysis. The findings confirmed that the constructs reliably measure the targeted aspects of leadership, affirming strong content validity. Consequently, this instrument proves suitable for research into Principal's Distributive Leadership in private university settings. For future studies, additional validation steps such as construct validity and reliability tests are suggested to further substantiate the tool's effectiveness in exploring Principal's Distributive Leadership.
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Trisakdipol, Natha, Kalyanee Makarabhirom, and Jutatip Sillabutra. "Validity and reliability of the Thai Shortened Token Test." Journal of Associated Medical Sciences 58, no. 1 (2025): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.12982/jams.2025.011.
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Background: The Token Test (TT) helps evaluate language comprehension in individuals with aphasia. This test can detect comprehension difficulties, even in mild aphasia cases. In Thailand, the other language tests for aphasia focused primarily on multiple aspects of language, which took a long time to evaluate. The Shortened TT, which has fewer commands, has been chosen to be translated for this study. Previously, the Shortened TT was translated into Thai using only forward translation and had not yet been evaluated for its psychometric properties. Thus, this study focuses on translating the Shortened TT into Thai using a forward and backward translation process and determining its validity and reliability. Objective: To translate, validate, and determine the reliability of the Thai Shortened TT. Materials and methods: The Shortened TT was translated using forward and backward translation. Following the completion of the translation process, five expert speech-language pathologists (SLPs) evaluated its content validity using the Content Validity Index (CVI), the Content Validity Index for Items (I-CVI), and the Content Validity Index for Scales (S-CVI). Then, it was administered to 12 normal participants and 12 aphasia participants to determine the test-retest, intra-, and inter-rater reliability using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Results: The Thai Shortened TT’s content validity was satisfied at CVI=0.920, I-CVI=0.800-1, and S-CVI=0.983. The test-retest, intra-, and inter-rater reliability were excellent. In the normal group, they were 0.943, 0.985, and 0.974, respectively; in the aphasia group, they were 0.985, 0.999, and 0.999, respectively. Conclusion: This study indicated that the Thai Shortened TT can be utilized and is suitable for clinical evaluation regarding its content validity and reliability.
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Estrada-Barranco, Cecilia, Vanesa Abuín-Porras, Javier López-Ruiz, Ismael Sanz-Esteban, Francisco Molina-Rueda, and Roberto Cano-de-la-Cuerda. "Spanish Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Wisconsin Gait Scale." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13 (2021): 6903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136903.
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Introduction: the Wisconsin Gait Scale (WGS) has been shown to be a valid and quick tool for analyzing gait in post-stroke people in the clinical setting. Its widespread use has led to versions of the scale in other languages, but so far there has been no version in Spanish. Objective: to conduct a cross-cultural adaptation of the WGS for use in the Spanish-speaking population and to analyze the content validity. Materials and methods: the Spanish version was obtained using the double translation method and back translation method, followed by a review by an expert committee. This expert committee evaluated the content validity index (CVI) for each item on the version obtained and for the entire scale (scale content validity index (S-CVI)). The item content validity index (I-CIV) was calculated as the number of experts whose score had been 3 or 4 divided by the total number of experts. To obtain the S-CVI, the middle of the I-CVI was calculated for all the items on the scale. Results: the Spanish version of the WGS was obtained after the expert committee evaluation. The CVI was excellent for its general assessment (0.91), excellent for 85.7% of its items (≥0.78), and good for 14.3% of the CVI (≥0.72). Conclusions: the Spanish version of the WGS was developed through a process of cross-cultural adaptation from its original English version, and, according to an expert committee, it had an excellent content validity.
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A Rahmat, Rohaida, Siti Bahirah Saidi, and Nazatul Syima Mohd Nasir. "Content Validity of Digital Knowledge using CVI Method." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 9, SI20 (2024): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v9isi20.6092.
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This study aims to examine the content validity of Digital Knowledge for TESL pre-service teachers using Content Validity Index (CVI). Seven experts were selected via purposive sampling evaluated the content. Four professional university experts in multimedia learning, digital, and psychometrics, and three subject matter experts from Institute of Teacher Education Malaysia (ITEM) were consulted. The instruments involved 73 items with three main constructs. The result showed that the instrument has good content validity and suggests that Digital Knowledge has a great potential to be promoted as good instrument to measure TESL pre-service teachers’ perception of writing essay.
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Kipli, Massitah, and Ahmad Zamri Khairani. "Content Validity Index: An Application of Validating CIPP Instrument for Programme Evaluation." International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 2, no. 4 (2020): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.54476/iimrj313.
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Validation is crucial in ensuring that the results obtained are reliable in addressing the problem of a study. The objective of this paper is to discuss on the use of Content Validity Index (CVI) to validate the instrument constructed based on the Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) model that is used to evaluate an educational programme. Five content experts were consulted, and by using the Expert Panel Rating Sheet (EPRS), their responses were further calculated through item-level CVI (ICVI) and scale level CVI (S-CVI) method. The result yielded an acceptable level of validity where five percent of the items from the survey were either omitted or modified while 90 percent were maintained. Self-administered questionnaires were next distributed online to students, lecturers, graduates and employers for pilot testing and achieved a high level of the alpha coefficient, which translated to high reliability. The final result indicated that the instrument was valid and reliable to be used for programme evaluation in educational studies.
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Jamaludin, Thandar Soe Sumaiyah, Mohd Said Nurumal, Norfadzilah Ahmad, Siti Aesah Naznin Muhammad, and Chong Mei Chan. "Development and Evaluating Content Validity of Clinical Skill Analysis Index Tools." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, T5 (2022): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7824.
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BACKGROUND: The current structured nursing clinical skill assessment checklist is steps driven and the soft skills component is fragmented and limited. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the face and content validity of a tool that had been developed to assess the current structured clinical skill assessment for the Malaysian undergraduate nursing program. METHODS: The face and content validity of the instrument were examined based on the opinions of experts. The item content validity index and scale content validity index (S-CVI) were calculated by using the mean approach and inter-rater agreement. The content validity of the instrument was assessed by S-CVI/UA and S-CVI/Ave. The scale was revised based on comments from a panel of eight experts in the first review stage and thereafter, evaluated by another group of three experts in the second review stage. RESULTS: There were nine soft skills elements identified for the clinical skill analysis index (CSAI) tools in this study. Those were communication skill, social skill and responsibility, critical thinking skill, problem-solving skill, teamwork, leadership skill, professional and ethical decision-making skill, numeracy skill, and interpersonal skill. The findings at the face validity stage yielded ten domains with eight nursing core procedures areas being retained, based on 95% or more agreement from expert responses. The result of S-CVI/UA and S-CVI/Ave of the CSAI tools yielded scores of 0.91 and 1 respectively. CONCLUSION: Findings indicated that this instrument had an excellent face and content validity to assess the current structured clinical skill assessment for the Malaysian undergraduate nursing program.
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Ellyas, Intan Suraya, Muhammad Mariyanto, Sarjoko Lelono, et al. "Translation and validation of the Indonesian version of the Nutritional Knowledge Questionnaire for Young and Adults Athletes (NUKYA)." Fizjoterapia Polska 24, no. 4 (2024): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.56984/8zg01a8b1y5.
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Background. NUKYA was prepared to determine the level of sports nutrition knowledge among people teenagers and adults. Objective. This research aims to translate and validate NUKYA into Indonesian. Method. The Indonesian version of the NUKYA questionnaire was evaluated for content validity and reliability by 6 experts and 30 respondents. The content validity of the questionnaire is measured using the item content validity index and the scale content validity index. The validity and reliability of the instrument were assessed using Pearson Product Moment and Cronbach’s α value. Results. The Indonesian version of NUKYA has an I-CVI of 0.98 and an S-CVI/UA of 0.91; Cronbach’s α 0.74 Conclusions. The Indonesian version of NUKYA is valid and reliable for measuring the level of nutritional knowledge of adolescent and adult athletes in Indonesia.
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Lopes, Leonardo Wanderley, Giorvan Ânderson dos Santos Alves, and Matheus Leão de Melo. "Content evidence of a spectrographic analysis protocol." Revista CEFAC 19, no. 4 (2017): 510–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-021620171942917.
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ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the content evidence of a spectrographic analysis protocol. Methods: a methodological study in which five speech therapists who assessed the clarity and the relevance of the protocol were selected. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was used to investigate the level of agreement among judges regarding overall aspects, items and domains of the protocol. Results: most judges considered the overall aspects of the protocol as comprehensive. As for clarity, 17 items showed an excellent content validity (CVI ≥ 0.78), three showed a good content validity (0.60 ≤ CVI ≤ 0.77) and two items were judged as poor (CVI ≤ 0.59). As for relevance, 19 items obtained an excellent content validity (CVI ≥ 0.78) and three had a good content validity (0.60 ≤ CVI ≤ 0.77). The judges suggested adding items related to vocal signal normality in all domains. After the analysis, 18 items required no reformulation, five items were added, three were reformulated and one was excluded. Conclusion: the proposed protocol was regarded as a comprehensive one. The items presented a good to excellent content validity as for clarity and relevance. After this validation step, the protocol ended up presenting 25 items distributed into five domains.
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Shu, Xiaoyi, Chun Feng, Chak-Lam Ip, et al. "Translation and cultural adaption of MacLeod Clark professional identity scale among Chinese therapy students." PLOS ONE 20, no. 1 (2025): e0318101. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0318101.
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Background Fostering a strong professional identity (PI) enhances career fulfillment. In China, therapy education is undergoing development, integrating both Western and traditional health concepts, causing inconsistent PI among therapy students. To date, no validated tools exist to measure and monitor PI of Chinese therapy students. This study aimed to translate and validate the 9-item MacLeod Clark Professional Identity Scale (MCPIS-9) for this purpose. Design This study involved translation and cultural adaptation of the MCPIS-9, followed by a rigorous assessment of its model fit and psychometric properties using data collected via an online questionnaire. Methods A forward- and backward- translation process was conducted. Content validity was evaluated using item-level content validity index (I-CVI) and scale level content validity index average method (S-CVI/Ave). Therapy students across all grades at undergraduate and postgraduate levels in China were eligible. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) examined the underlying factor structure. Model fit was evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using the Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) and Root Mean Square of Error of Approximation (RMSEA). Convergent validity was assessed through Pearson’s correlations coefficient (r) with the Professional Identity Scale for Health Students and Professionals (PISHSP). Internal consistency was examined using Cronbach’s Alpha (Cα) and McDonald’s Omega (ω). Results A total of 1054 students participated. Content validity was excellent (I-CVI = 0.86–1.0, S-CVI/Ave = 0.98). EFA indicated a two-factor structure with acceptable model fit (CFI = 0.978; TLI = 0.968; SRMR = 0.033; RMSEA = 0.063). Reliability was strong (Cα = 0.835; ω = 0.817). Convergent validity demonstrated a strong correlation (r = 0.75) with the PISHSP. Conclusions The Chinese MCPIS-9 is a reliable and valid tool for assessing PI among therapy students. Future research could focus on refining item 4 of this tool, potentially through further exploration of therapy students’ perceptions of PI within the unique context of the Chinese healthcare system.
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Zulfa, Ilil Maidatuz, and Widya Handayani. "Patient�s Compliance with Oral Antibiotics Treatments at Community Health Centers in Surabaya: A 20-KAO Questionnaire Development." Borneo Journal of Pharmacy 3, no. 4 (2020): 262–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v3i4.1660.
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The irrational and incompliance use of antibiotics has been correlated to bacterial resistance. Several methods evaluated patients' compliance with oral antibiotics have been conducted. However, a standard questionnaire for evaluating oral antibiotics compliance in Indonesian has not been developed yet. This study was conducted to record the content validity of the developed questionnaire called 20-KAO to assess compliance with oral antibiotics. The validity content test was conducted through six experts review using the Item Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and Scale-Content Validity Index (S-CVI). The experts were also requested to provide recommendations for each item, whether revisions or deletion. After the review process, the number of questions remains unchanged. A total of 19 out of 20 items had an I-CVI of 1.00, and S-CVI was calculated at 0.98. Therefore, 20 items of the 20-KAO questionnaire have excellent content validity. However, future construct validity and reliability test to analyze the responses of targeted respondents and the questionnaire's consistency are needed.
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Zahra, Diva Zakia 'Aqila, and Hasan Subekti. "VALIDASI MODUL AJAR BERBASIS KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS MENGGUNAKAN CONTENT VALIDITY INDEX (CVI)." BIOCHEPHY: Journal of Science Education 5, no. 1 (2025): 613–17. https://doi.org/10.52562/biochephy.v5i1.1602.
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Keterampilan proses sains (KPS) merupakan kemampuan penting dalam pembelajaran IPA yang mendukung pengembangan berpikir ilmiah peserta didik. Untuk menjamin kualitas pengukuran KPS, instrumen penilaian perlu melalui proses validasi yang ketat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai validitas isi instrumen KPS yang dikembangkan melalui pendekatan Content Validity Index (CVI). Tiga guru IPA berperan sebagai validator dan menilai 23 butir instrumen menggunakan skala Likert 4 poin. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa 20 butir memiliki I-CVI sebesar 1.00 dan tiga butir sebesar 0.6667, dengan nilai S-CVI/Ave keseluruhan sebesar 0.91. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa sebagian besar butir dinilai sangat relevan oleh para ahli. Dengan demikian, instrumen ini dinyatakan memiliki validitas isi yang baik dan dapat digunakan untuk mengukur keterampilan proses sains secara sahih dalam konteks pembelajaran IPA tingkat SMP.
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Thomas, Rachel Priyasheny, Asfarina Zanudin, and Yasmin Adlena Hazrin. "Validity Of Mobile Application Scoscreen for Early Screening of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis." Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 19, no. 3 (2023): 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.19.3.20.
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Introduction: Scoliosis is characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature that may occur during a child’s growth period. Early detection and intervention are needed to prevent the progression of abnormal curvatures. While the gold standard for diagnosing idiopathic scoliosis is x-ray imaging, there is a quick and easy way to perform screening, i.e., using a smartphone. A mobile application with a built-in inclinometer and simple scoliosis tests may help detect scoliosis. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the ScoScreen mobile application’s content for early screening of AIS. Methods: We recruited five physiotherapists with more than five years of experience in paediatric and musculoskeletal and one spinal surgeon. The validity of this study was assessed using a content validity form. Content validity was assessed by calculating the Item-level Content Validity Index (I-CVI), Scale-level Content Validity Index (S-CVI), and modified kappa. Results: The results show that the content validity of ScoScreen has an excellent level of content validity (I-CVI=0.83 – 1.00). The average approach’s overall content validity index was high (S-CVI/Ave=0.94). All items in this study were excellent, with the kappa scores greater than 0.74 (kappa= 0.816 – 1). Conclusion: The development of ScoScreen for early screening of AIS was proven to have excellent content validity in this study. As a result, the Scoscreen mobile application is appropriate for early detection of AIS in terms of its content.
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Thomas, Rachel Priyasheny, Asfarina Zanudin, and Yasmin Adlena Hazrin. "Validity Of Mobile Application Scoscreen for Early Screening of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis." MAY 2023 19, no. 3 (2023): 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs19.3.20.
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Introduction: Scoliosis is characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature that may occur during a child’s growth period. Early detection and intervention are needed to prevent the progression of abnormal curvatures. While the gold standard for diagnosing idiopathic scoliosis is x-ray imaging, there is a quick and easy way to perform screening, i.e., using a smartphone. A mobile application with a built-in inclinometer and simple scoliosis tests may help detect scoliosis. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the ScoScreen mobile application’s content for early screening of AIS.nMethods: We recruited five physiotherapists with more than five years of experience in paediatric and musculoskeletal and one spinal surgeon. The validity of this study was assessed using a content validity form. Content validity was assessed by calculating the Item-level Content Validity Index (I-CVI), Scale-level Content Validity Index (S-CVI), and modified kappa. Results: The results show that the content validity of ScoScreen has an excellent level of content validity (I-CVI=0.83 – 1.00). The average approach’s overall content validity index was high (S-CVI/Ave=0.94). All items in this study were excellent, with the kappa scores greater than 0.74 (kappa= 0.816 – 1). Conclusion: The development of ScoScreen for early screening of AIS was proven to have excellent content validity in this study. As a result, the Scoscreen mobile application is appropriate for early detection of AIS in terms of its content.
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Nai, Hildagardis Meliyani Erista, Arimbi Karunia Estri, and Christina Ririn Widianti. "Developing a New Tool for Early Detection of the Nutritional and Health Risk Factors of Urban Workers’ Productivity." Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional 18, no. 1 (2023): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21109/kesmas.v18i1.6359.
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Nutrition and health play vital roles in work productivity. This study aimed to develop a risk self-assessment tool called Early Detection of the Nutritional and Health Risk Factors on the productivity of urban workers. This study was conducted in two stages: 1) the development of the tool to determine the nutritional and health risk factors that affect productivity based on literature reviews and scoring systems and 2) the testing of validity and reliability. Finally, the tool contained 63 items, including 28 items on nutritional risk factors and 35 on health risk factors. The validity of the tool was assessed using the content validity index (CVI): item-level CVI (I-CVI) and scale-level CVI (S-CVI), and face validity index (FVI) and reliability using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Preliminary versions of this tool showed a high content validity (I-CVI = 1.00; S-CVI based on the average method = 1). The face validity index among urban workers was at least 0.90, and the overall Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.70. The tool developed is acceptable, but revisions are still needed, and sample sizes must be increased.
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Shrotryia, Vijay Kumar, and Upasana Dhanda. "Content Validity of Assessment Instrument for Employee Engagement." SAGE Open 9, no. 1 (2019): 215824401882175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244018821751.
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Numerous overlapping and inconsistent views of academicians and practitioners on construct of employee engagement have led to the development of various measurement instruments that differ in terms of the variables. The article attempts to develop an assessment instrument and to assess content validity of the proposed variables/dimensions. The construct is generated through grounded theory method, conducting structured interviews of human resource heads (15 best firms). The assessment of content validity is done through six domain experts. Content validity index, Kappa statistic, and content validity ratio (Lawshe test) were implemented for content validity. Three dimensions (alignment, affective, and action-oriented) having 10 items each were identified. The item content validity index (I-CVI) ranged from 0.66 to 1 and scale content validity index (S-CVI/Ave) ranged from 0.848 to 0.932. The instrument is assessed with high content validity. It bridges the research gap of incongruity among academic and industry. The next step of research will involve testing of this instrument for psychometric properties and testing its comprehensiveness for respondents.
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Prananto, Irfan Wahyu, Yeni Rakhmawati, and Tubagus Pamungkas. "Content Validity Ratio (CVR), Content Validity Index (CVI) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in Mathematics Learning Independence Instruments." Kontinu: Jurnal Penelitian Didaktik Matematika 6, no. 2 (2022): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/kontinu.6.2.116-132.
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Learning independence is one of the essential things in the learning process. The demand for independent learning is enormous in the learning process at school, especially in mathematics. If responded to appropriately, these demands can help future students' psychological development. The purpose of this study was to measure the content validity of the mathematics learning independence scale to obtain instruments that are right on target. This study uses a type of quantitative research. A sample of one hundred and twenty-six students was obtained from public elementary schools in Tlogowungu District, Pati Regency. Data analysis uses the equation CVR (Content Validity Ratio), CVI (Content Validity Index), and CFA (Confirmatory Factor Analysis). The results showed that 26 of 30 items were declared valid and had a CVI value of 0.911. In contrast, for CFA, the relationship for the three indicators of learning independence was relatively high,> 0.5. This indicates that the three indicators are related; they can both measure the learning independence variable. So, the three indicators can measure learning independence variables well.
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Ali, Sahar Ahmed, Tark Ahmed Mohammed, Mona Aly Mohammed, and Asmaa Aly Mahgoub. "Development and Validation of Eyes Care Bundle for Mechanically Ventilated Patients." Critical Care Nursing Quarterly 47, no. 3 (2024): 202–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/cnq.0000000000000515.
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Lack of proper eye care (EC) for mechanically ventilated patients can lead to serious ocular complications. Objective of this study is to develop and validate eyes care bundle for mechanically ventilated patients. A Delphi design study was conducted between March and May 2021. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was used to calculate the degree of agreement among the experts to analyze the bundle. Content validity was determined by 5 experts using a 4-point Likert scale. They evaluated the items in terms of the following: 1 = “irrelevant,” 2 = “somewhat relevant if the phrasing is profoundly adjusted,” 3 = “relevant with some adjustment,” and 4 = “very relevant.” The CVI was applied, and the accepted value was ≥0.50. The validation of EC bundle was conducted through 3 rounds after developed it based on the evaluated research evidence. The items were reviewed for content and face validity. The bundle was validated with 5 items with a total CVI of 0.96, a face validity of 1, and a Scale-Level Content Validity Index/Universal Agreement calculation method value of 0.8. This bundle can help critical care nurses, doctors, academics, and students assess and provide standard EC for mechanically ventilated patients.
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Puger, I. Gusti Ngurah. "PENGUJIAN VALIDITAS ISI TES HASIL BELAJAR YANG DINILAI OLEH SUBJECT MATTER EXPERT (SME)." Daiwi Widya 8, no. 3 (2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37637/dw.v8i3.819.
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Dalam menguji validitas isi (content validity) tes hasil belajar, jika menggunakan sekelompok ahli (subject matter experts) biasanya dapat ditentukan mengenai content validity ratio (CVR) dan content validity index (CVI). Koefisien CVR menunjukkan boleh atau tidak boleh suatu item digunakan sebagai penyusun tes hasil belajar. Semua koefisien CVR yang lebih besar dari 0 bisa digunakan sebagai penyusun tes hasil belajar. Sedangkan CVI merupakan indikasi langsung dari rerata banyaknya suatu item yang memiliki kemampuan sebagai penyusun suatu instrumen. Oleh karena itu, koefisien CVI baru bisa ditentukan setelah semua item yang boleh digunakan sebagai penyusun suatu tes hasil belajar berbasiskan atas koefisien CVR. Dari koefisien CVR dan CVI yang diperoleh, sebetulnya yang menentukan validitas isi (content validity) tes hasil belajar adalah koefisien CVI.
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Et.al, Raja Lailatul Zuraida. "Validity and Reliability of Mathematical Visual Literacy Skills Based on Avgerinou’s Vilual Literacy Index." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 3 (2021): 1102–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i3.850.
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There is much literature on visual literacy across different fields of knowledge. Even so, generally there is a gap of literature that deals with measuring mathematical visual literacy skills. The objective of this paper is to produce empirical data on reliability and validity of mathematical visual literacy skills instrument. The development of items was based on the skills outlined Avgerinou’s VL Index (2007. The early stage in validating the instrument required researchers to seek face validity and content validity from panels of experts. Face validity was based on subjective judgements of the items. Meanwhile, content validity was determined by Content Validity Index (CVI) which is computed using Item-CVI (I-CVI) and Scale-CVI (S-CVI). Each mathematical visual literacy skills had accepted S-CVI values ranging from 0.86 to 1.00 but items with low I-CVI values were deleted. Next, construct validity and reliability was determined by using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Cronbach’s alpha respectively. The instrument, consisting of 43 items was assessed on 428 pre-university students. Students’ responses were scored using analytical rubric developed by researchers. Using Principal Component Axis (PCA) and varimax rotation, EFA was carried out where 40 retaining items were extracted to 7 factors, representing each visual literacy skills. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) of 0.721, significant Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity (BTS), communalities anti images ranging between 0.308-0.721 and 0.503-0.835 respectively, 7 extracted factors explaining 53.685% of the total variance, factor loadings of ±0.520 and more, and overall Cronbach’s alphas of instrument recorded at 0.82, explained the complete validity and reliability of the instrument.
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Prakash, G. Hari, Sunil Kumar D, Kiran PK, Vanishri Arun, Deepika Yadav, and Shwethasree M. "Enhancing Nutritional Care in Cancer: Development and Face Validation of the Chemotherapy Dietary Adherence Scale." Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care 9, no. 3 (2024): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.31557/apjcc.2024.9.3.501-504.
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Background: Dietary adherence during chemotherapy is crucial for managing side effects and maintaining nutritional status. However, there is a lack of validated tools to measure dietary adherence in this context. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the Chemotherapy Dietary Adherence Scale (CDAS) for assessing dietary adherence among cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over 2 months. The CDAS was developed through a literature review and expert consultation. Face and content validation were performed with 25 experts in oncology, dietetics, and community medicine. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was calculated at both the item (I-CVI) and scale (S-CVI) levels. Results: The expert panel comprised diverse professionals (40% public health experts, 20% medical oncologists, and 20% dietitians). Face validation showed 85% agreement on grammar, clarity, and content. The I-CVI was 0.81, and the S-CVI was 0.83, indicating strong content validity. Conclusion: The CDAS demonstrated robust content validity and relevance for assessing dietary adherence in cancer chemotherapy patients. Further research is needed to evaluate its psychometric properties and clinical utility.
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Rahmat, Nur Nazihah, Syahrul Bariah Abdul Hamid, and Farhanah Ahmad Shuhaimi. "Development and Validation of Postnatal Diet, Lactation, and Emotion Management (LEDies) Module." Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan 19, Supp.2 (2024): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2024.19.supp.2.261-268.
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This study aims to develop and validate a module on managing diet, lactation, and emotion for postnatal mothers. This cross-sectional study involves three phases: needs assessment, module development, and module validation. About 37 mothers aged 18 to 49 years old with infants less than 6 months were recruited, and information on postnatal care practices, lactation knowledge, and emotion were obtained for module development. The guidelines from the Ministry of Health Malaysia and literature served as the foundation for the module that was developed following the requirements assessment utilizing the Health Belief Model (HBM). Content and face validity of the module is carried out to validate the developed module. The validation form used was adapted from Silveira de Castro (2007) which consists of seven criteria, two criteria related to content validity and another five criteria related to face validity. The content validity was assessed using a Content Validity Index (CVI). CVI was calculated using two different formulas: I-CVI and S-CVI. Meanwhile, a level of agreement was used in the data for the module's face. From the need assessment, most mothers with restricted seafood and nuts intake struggled to breastfeed and about 21.6% of them experienced postpartum depression. The developed module has been validated with both mean I-CVI and S-CVI more than 0.78 and 0.80, respectively. Meanwhile, five face validation components achieved 75% agreement, confirming the validity. In conclusion, the developed module named The LEDies has good validity and can serve as teaching material for postnatal mothers caring for themselves and their infants during the postpartum period.
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Coltro, Paulo Henrique, Isabel de Lima Zanata, Tatiane Caroline Boumer, Ana Paula de Andrade Sartori, and Rosane Sampaio Santos. "Multiprofessional instrument for tracheal decannulation in adults: content validity." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 2 (2022): e17111225670. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i2.25670.
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Introduction: Tracheal decannulation needs multiprofessional evaluation observing success predictor criteria. A validated instrument can increase the safety of the procedure, reduce the length of stay and ensure better quality of life. Objective: To develop and perform the content validity of a multiprofessional instrument for tracheal decannulation in adults. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive study, with 24 judges: doctors, physiotherapists, speech therapists and nurses. The instrument was developed and presented through an electronic form where the judges took their notes. The Content Validity Index by item (CVI-I) and total (CVI-T) were calculated to verify evidence of validation. In unverified items, adjustments were made pointed out by the judges and submitted to the new evaluation phase in order to obtain complete validation of the instrument. Results: First evaluation phase, the items: Identification, Ventilatory History, Vital Signs, Consciousness/Collaboration, Ventilatory Data, Opinion and Legend obtained CVI-I > 0.78, were considered validity. The items Muscular Performance and Speech and Swallowing did not obtain adequate validity CVI-I 0.67 and 0.17, respectively. Therefore, they were submitted to the second phase of evaluation. In this phase, these items were validated obtaining CVI-I=0.83 in the item Muscular Performance and CVI-I=1.0 in the item Speech and Swallowing. From the mean of CVI-I, the value CVI-T=0.9 was obtained, validity all the instrument. Conclusion: Multiprofessional instrument that can help in the process of tracheal decannulation in adults was developed and validity in content post two phases of evaluation by a group of expert judges in the area.
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Ab Rashid, Ahmad Faezi, Sharifah Wajihah Wafa Syed Saadun Tarek Wafa, Ruzita Abd Talib, and Nor Mazlina Abu Bakar. "Development and Validation of a Web-based Module for Preschool Child-parent Dyads: the Weight-related Behaviour Intervention Programme." Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 20, no. 6 (2024): 137–48. https://doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.20.6.19.
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Introduction: Despite a growing number of online health intervention programmes, the development and validation processes of the web-based module for use in the intervention programmes from the perspective of health professionals and parents (end-users) have rarely been reported. This study aims to develop and validate a web-based Interactive Malaysian Childhood Healthy Lifestyle (i-MaCHeL) module for preschool child-parent dyads. Materials and methods: This study is a cross-sectional study that consists of two stages. The development and validation processes of this study were guided by the five-phase ADDIE model. Stage 1 consists of four phases: analysis, design, development, and implementation of the web-based module. Stage 2 consists of an evaluation phase that involves the content and face validity of the web-based module by health professionals (n=5) and parents (n=42), respectively. The content and face validity of the web-based module were measured based on the value of the content validity index (CVI) and face validity index (FVI). The S-CVI (scale-level content validity index) and S-FVI (scale-level face validity index) were used to analyse the validity of the web-based module. Results: The validated web-based module consists of 13 topics related to the weight-related behaviour of preschool children. The calculated S-CVI (range from 0.9 to 1.0) and S-FVI (range from 0.98 to 1.0) were above the acceptable value of 0.80, indicating that the web-based module has excellent and acceptable scores for both content and face validity. Conclusion: The web-based module was deemed validated and suitable to be delivered to the preschool child-parent dyads.
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Suchishrava Dubey and Prashant Kumar Choudhary. "Development and Validation of The Media Influence on Health Information Perception and Behaviour Scale (MIHIPBS)." Journal of Advanced Zoology 44, no. 3 (2023): 1301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/jaz.v44i3.1537.
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With the omnipresence of media in the digital age, understanding its impact on individuals' health information perception and behaviors has become paramount. This study presents the meticulous development and rigorous validation of the Media Influence on Health Information Perception and Behavior Scale (MIHIPBS) using the Content Validity Index (CVI) method. The scale development process comprised several critical phases, including item generation, expert panel formation, content validity assessment, and pilot testing. A panel of nine experts, encompassing diverse backgrounds such as psychology, public health, communication studies, and measurement development, rigorously examined each item's relevance to the construct of "Media Influence on Health Information Perception and Behavior." These experts assigned ratings on a 4-point Likert scale, ranging from "Not relevant" (1) to "Highly relevant" (4). To determine content validity, the study adhered to established recommendations for acceptable cut-off scores which were contingent upon the number of experts involved Lynn, Davis, Polit & Beck, and Polit et al.2006. Various validity indices, including the Item-Level Content Validity Index (I-CVI), Scale-Level Content Validity Index based on the Average Method (S-CVI/Ave), and Scale-Level Content Validity Index based on the Universal Agreement Method (S-CVI/UA), were meticulously calculated. The outcomes of the content validity assessment were resoundingly positive. All items within the MIHIPBS attained remarkably high I-CVI scores, significantly exceeding the established acceptable threshold. Moreover, the S-CVI/Ave, calculated as the mean of the I-CVI scores for all items, unequivocally demonstrated robust content validity (Hamie et al. Ozair et al., Lau et al., and Marzuki et al.2018. Of particular significance, the S-CVI/UA, representing the proportion of items achieving the highest relevance rating by all experts, decisively met the prescribed cut-off score. These findings unequivocally affirm the MIHIPBS as an exceptionally valid and comprehensive instrument for capturing the complex dynamics of media's influence on health information perception and behavior. The MIHIPBS emerges as an invaluable and validated tool poised to make substantial contributions to research, practice, and policymaking within the domains of health communication, media literacy, and public health. Its versatility extends to assessing the efficacy of media-based health interventions, evaluating the impact of media campaigns on health decision-making, and informing targeted health communication strategies. Future endeavors should explore opportunities for cross-cultural validation, longitudinal assessments, and adaptations to account for emerging media modalities.
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Suchishrava Dubey and Prashant Kumar Choudhary. "Development and Assessment of the Media Impact on Health Information Perception and Behavior Scale (Mihipb-S) Using Content Validity Index Method." Journal of Advanced Zoology 44, no. 3 (2023): 1405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/jaz.v44i3.1989.
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With the omnipresence of media in the digital age, understanding its impact on individuals' health information perception and behaviors has become paramount. This study presents the meticulous development and rigorous validation of the Media Influence on Health Information Perception and Behavior Scale (MIHIPB-S) using the Content Validity Index (CVI) method. The scale development process comprised several critical phases, including item generation, expert panel formation, content validity assessment, and pilot testing. A panel of nine experts, encompassing diverse backgrounds such as psychology, public health, communication studies, and measurement development, rigorously examined each item's relevance to the construct of "Media Influence on Health Information Perception and Behavior." These experts assigned ratings on a 4-point Likert scale, ranging from "Not relevant" (1) to "Highly relevant" (4). To determine content validity, the study adhered to established recommendations for acceptable cut-off scores which were contingent upon the number of experts involved Lynn, Davis, Polit & Beck, and Polit et al.2006. Various validity indices, including the Item-Level Content Validity Index (I-CVI), Scale-Level Content Validity Index based on the Average Method (S-CVI/Ave), and Scale-Level Content Validity Index based on the Universal Agreement Method (S-CVI/UA), were meticulously calculated. The outcomes of the content validity assessment were resoundingly positive. All items within the MIHIPB-S attained remarkably high I-CVI scores, significantly exceeding the established acceptable threshold. Moreover, the S-CVI/Ave, calculated as the mean of the I-CVI scores for all items, unequivocally demonstrated robust content validity (Hamie et al. Ozair et al., Lau et al., and Marzuki et al.2018. Of particular significance, the S-CVI/UA, representing the proportion of items achieving the highest relevance rating by all experts, decisively met the prescribed cut-off score. These findings unequivocally affirm the MIHIPB-S as an exceptionally valid and comprehensive instrument for capturing the complex dynamics of media's influence on health information perception and behavior. The MIHIPB-S emerges as an invaluable and validated tool poised to make substantial contributions to research, practice, and policymaking within the domains of health communication, media literacy, and public health. Its versatility extends to assessing the efficacy of media-based health interventions, evaluating the impact of media campaigns on health decision-making, and informing targeted health communication strategies. Future endeavors should explore opportunities for cross-cultural validation, longitudinal assessments, and adaptations to account for emerging media modalities.
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Hendryadi, Hendryadi. "VALIDITAS ISI: TAHAP AWAL PENGEMBANGAN KUESIONER." Jurnal Riset Manajemen dan Bisnis (JRMB) Fakultas Ekonomi UNIAT 2, no. 2 (2017): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36226/jrmb.v2i2.47.
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This paper aims to identify the content validity techniques in the early stages of developing the questionnaire. Using the literature study, it can be concluded: first, there is no standard technique for accessing the content validity. The researchers can use a qualitative, quantitative, or mix methods. Second, the common qualitative techniques used are through in-depth interviews or FGDs with experts (logical validity) or users (face validity). Third, the common statistical techniques used in testing content validity in the last ten years is the content validity index (CVI) based on the expert agreement level on the item (i-CVI) or S-CVI on the questionnaire as a whole. Other statistical techniques such as Kappa coefficients, ANOVA, and correlation are also commonly used in the initial testing process of the questionnaire. Simulation and case study are discussed in the article.
 
 Keywords: content validity, CVI, scale development
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Jamali, Asif Ali, Khali Ur Rehman Khoumbhati, Azhar Ali Shah, and Arifa Bhutto. "Validating of Survey Instrument in the Perspective of Computer Technology-based Learning." Asian Bulletin of Big Data Management 3, no. 1 (2023): 245–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.62019/abbdm.v3i1.44.
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ICT plays an essential component in Higher education institutes (HEIs).A critical step in confirming that the results to be achieved are reliable in solving a study's problem is content validation. The goal of this research paper is to describe usage of survey instrument Content Validity Index (CVI) to confirm content of survey instrument created based on ICT acceptance impact on students' academic performance. The content validity index was used to determine the usability of a survey questionnaire. Ten field specialist/professionals were selected, and used Expert Panel Rating chart (EPRC), the opinions of these experts were considered using an approach of item-level CVI (I-CVI) and scale-level CVI (S-CVI). While certain latent variables and study items were either eliminated or changed, the outcome achieved an acceptable level of validity for the remaining items maintained systematically. In conclusion, students’ academic performances will be analyzed to assess the generally performance of the proposed model.
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Gedamu, Abate Demissie, and Getu Lemma Shewangizaw. "Validation of Questionnaire on Teachers’ Beliefs and Practices of Cooperative Group Work Assessment." Ethiopian Journal of Business and Social Science 5, no. 1 (2023): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.59122/134f53a.
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This paper aimed to validate a questionnaire intended to measure secondary school teachers’ beliefs and practices of cooperative group work assessment in selected secondary schools in SNNPRS, Ethiopia. To this effect, five experts were selected to rate the content and face validity of the tool. To rate the questionnaire for construct validity, 213 randomly selected secondary school teachers were involved. The validation procedures made use of face validity index, Item Content Validity Index (I-CVIs) and Content Validity Index for scale (S-CVI/Ave), principal component analysis (PCA), and Cronbach alpha. The final questionnaire, which consisted of 31 items, has been found psychometrically valid and reliable to measure teachers’ beliefs and practices of cooperative group work assessment.
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Dinh Vu, Son, Phuong Cam Pham, Chinh Thi Minh Nguyen, and Anh Ngoc Pham. "Translation and validation of the Vietnamese version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in patients with cancer." Journal of Healthcare Administration 2, no. 1 (2023): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33546/joha.2561.
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Background: The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) measures self-efficacy for pain management in patients with chronic pain, including cancer pain. Although the questionnaire has been translated into many other languages, it has not yet been translated and tested in Vietnam. Objective: This study aimed to translate and validate the PSEQ into Vietnamese. Methods: The PSEQ was translated into Vietnamese using Brislin’s model. Next, the Vietnamese version of the questionnaire (Viet-PSEQ) was evaluated for content validity by six experts using the Item-Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and the Scale-Content Validity Index (S-CVI). The reliability of the questionnaire was examined with 30 patients with cancer, using test-retest reliability (Intra-Class Correlation - ICC) and internal consistency (Cronbach’s α). Results: The I-CVI values ranged from 0.5 to 0.88, and the S-CVI value was 0.93. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.91, and the ICC was 0.99 (95% CI: 0.949 – 0.997, p <0.001). Conclusion: The Viet-PSEQ was found to be valid and reliable. Healthcare professionals can use this instrument to measure self-efficacy for pain management in patients with cancer in Vietnam.
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Kitayama, Mio, Takeshi Unoki, Yui Matsuda, et al. "Development and initial validation of the Japanese healthy work environment assessment tool for critical care settings." PLOS ONE 17, no. 5 (2022): e0268124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268124.
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Aim This study aims to translate the Healthy Work Environment Assessment Tool (HWE-AT) into Japanese and evaluate its validity and reliability. Design and methods The authors followed the guidelines for scale translation, adaptation, and validation in cross-cultural healthcare research. After translation and back-translation, a series of pilot studies were conducted to assess comprehensibility. Subsequently, an expert panel established the content validity. Content validity was calculated using the content validity index (CVI). Finally, we verified the construct validity and calculated the test-retest reliability. Results The updated HWE-AT achieved sufficient comprehensibility after conducting the two pilot tests. Content validity was calculated using the scale-level CVI/average and all the items were 1.00. The content validity indices CFI and RMSEA were 0.918 and 0.082, respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficients for all dimensions ranged from 0.618 to 0.903, indicating acceptable test-retest reliability. Our findings suggest that the Japanese version of the HWE-AT has good validity and reliability.
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Ibrahim, Siti Nurul Aqiedah, and Mohd Effendi Ewan Mohd Matore. "The Validity of the Malaysian Teachers’ Global Competency Level Instrument Using Cohen Kappa, Content Validity Ratio and Content Validity Index Analyses." Journal of Applied Science, Engineering, Technology, and Education 7, no. 1 (2025): 82–93. https://doi.org/10.35877/454ri.asci3848.
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Highly competent teachers are vital in developing globally competent individuals. There is a lack of empirical evidence supporting the validity aspect of the Malaysian Teachers' Global Competency Level Instrument. This study aims to evaluate face and content validity. A survey research design with a quantitative approach was conducted. It involves two experts for face validity and eight experts for content validity using purposive sampling techniques. For face validity, the two experts appointed were Malay language teachers with more than five years of teaching experience. To assess content validity, eight experts, including four professionals in measurement, evaluation, and global competency, and four field practitioners: teacher educators, and outstanding teachers. The instrument consists of 73 items with four constructs: self-awareness, global awareness, attitudes & values, and skills. The analysis involved Cohen’s Kappa for face validity, while content validity involved CVR and CVI. The results showed that face validity was (N=2, k=0.640), while for content validity, (N=8, CVI=0.95, and CVR=2 items refined). This instrument demonstrates strong validity as a measurement tool for the global competency level of Malaysian teachers. Further studies are recommended to be conducted: employing an advanced statistical analysis, like the Rasch Model, to enhance higher-quality items.
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Zhao, Meng, and Patricia L. Conard. "Content Validity of a Screening Instrument for Breast Cancer Early Detection Among Asian American Women: The Cultural Health and Screening Mammography Belief Scale." Journal of Nursing Measurement 24, no. 3 (2016): 356–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1061-3749.24.3.356.
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Background and Purpose: Asian American women have the lowest mammography screening rate in the United States. There is no standardized instrument available to measure their cultural beliefs regarding screening mammography. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the content validity of the Cultural Health and Screening Mammography Belief Scale (CHSMBS) developed for this population. Procedures for Instrument Development: The content validity was examined using content validity index (CVI). Both item-level (I-CVI) and scale-level CVIs (S-CVI) were evaluated. Results: The instrument’s I-CVIs ranged from 0.75 to 1.00, and the S-CVI was 1.00, reflecting excellent inter-rater agreement. Conclusions: The study has established the scale’s content validity to evaluate Asian American women’s use of screening mammography. Further examination of the reliability and construct validity will add further support of the scale’s utility in health research and practice.
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Siddiqui, Nadeem Ahmed, Muhammad Anees Khaliq, Muhammad Ammar Pirzada, et al. "Development and content validation of a financial and functional outcomes tool for diabetes-related foot disease in patients undergoing major lower limb amputation: a prospective observational study from Pakistan." BMJ Open 14, no. 3 (2024): e080853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080853.
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ObjectiveTo develop and content validate a questionnaire to assess the financial and functional impact of major lower limb amputation in patients with diabetes-related foot disease.DesignProspective observational study.SettingThis study was conducted at a tertiary care centre in Pakistan.ParticipantsWe conducted a thorough literature review and a group interview with 10 participants, resulting in domain identification and item generation. The group included seven patients with diabetes-related foot disease who underwent major lower limb amputation and three caregivers. Subsequently, a focused group discussion was held to assess overlap and duplication among the items, and two rounds of content validation were carried out by five content and five lay experts in both English and Urdu. Question items with a Content Validity Index (CVI) score of >0.79 were retained, items with a CVI score between 0.70 and 0.79 were revised and items with a CVI score of <0.70 were excluded.ResultsThe initial literature review and group interview resulted in 61 items in the financial and functional domains. After the focused group discussion, the questionnaire was reduced to 37 items. Following two rounds of content validation, the English questionnaire achieved the Scale-Content Validity Index/Average (S-CVI/Ave) of 0.92 and 0.89 on relevance and clarity, respectively. Similarly, the Urdu questionnaire achieved the S-CVI-Ave of 0.92 and 0.95, respectively.ConclusionA 37-item multidimensional questionnaire was developed and rigorously content-validated to assess the financial and functional impact of major lower limb amputation in patients with diabetes-related foot disease. The questionnaire used in this study has shown robust content validity specifically for our population.
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Rico-Sapena, Nuria, María Eugenia Galiana-Sánchez, and Joaquín Moncho. "Validation of a Questionnaire of Food Education Content on School Catering Websites in Spain." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 6 (2022): 3685. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063685.
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The aim of this study was to design and validate a questionnaire on quality and food education on catering company websites. For the validation of the questionnaire, its reliability, feasibility and content validity characteristics were determined. For content validity, a panel of experts was used and the overall and item-wise Content Validity Index (CVI) of the experts’ responses was calculated. Reliability was determined by the inter-judge agreement method with the analysis of 30 websites using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the Bland and Altman plot. Adequate content validity was verified by obtaining a very high CVI (above 0.80) in the analysis of the expert panel’s responses and excellent inter-observer agreement with a very high global ICC (above 0.90) value in the determination of test-retest reliability. The questionnaire is a valid instrument for the evaluation of the quality of school catering websites and their content in food education, as it has good feasibility, high content validity and excellent reliability.
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Passos, Lígia, João Tavares, and Daniela Figueiredo. "Assessing Caregivers’ Skills in Assisting People with Dementia during Mealtime: Portuguese Cultural Adaptation of the Feeding Skills Checklist." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12 (2021): 6467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126467.
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In advanced dementia, individuals usually develop feeding difficulties. The Feeding Skills Checklist (FSC) is an instrument to assess caregivers’ skills when assisting people with dementia (PwD) at mealtimes. This study aimed to adapt and culturally validate a European Portuguese version of the FSC (FSC-PT) and test its reliability. Initially, translation and cultural validation of the FSC, with estimation of the content validity index (CVI), was conducted. Then, the FSC was applied to 23 female nursing assistants (mean age 44.73 ± 10.42 years) while offering lunch (n = 41 meals) to institutionalized PwD. Inter-rater reliability was determining using Cohen’s Kappa. FSC-PT showed excellent content validity, with item-content validity index ranging from 0.85 to 1, scale level average CVI = 0.94 and universal agreement CVI = 0.54. It also showed very satisfactory inter-observer reliability, with Cohen’s Kappa = 0.844. Of the 41 meals analyzed, only 37.7% of the actions/good practices in feeding PwD were observed. A positive and moderate correlation was found between the length of time working as nursing assistance and the FSC environment dimension (rs = 0.435; p = 0.038). The results supported the content validity of the FSC-PT, which shows considerable potential to be an instrument for verifying caregivers’ skills when helping PWD to eat and should be increasingly studied.
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Hamid, Masdiah Abdul Hamid, and Nurul Fadly Habidin. "Scale Development and Content Validity Assessment for Manufacturing Performance." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VIII, no. XIX (2024): 230–41. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.icame2420.
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Assessing the performance of manufacturing companies is crucial for the success of manufacturing businesses. However, the presence of numerous overlapping and inconsistent perspectives among academicians and practitioners regarding the construct of manufacturing performance has led to the development of various measurement instruments that exhibit differences in the variables assessed to measure the performance of manufacturing companies across disciplines and contexts. This study aims to validate the development of an instrument for assessing manufacturing performance through content validity assessment. The instrument of the manufacturing performance model was developed using the quantitative research method through the distribution of questionnaires to managers and executives of manufacturing companies in Malaysia. An assessment of content validity was conducted by seven panels of experts. The face validity, content validity index, and Kappa statistic had been employed to assess the content validity of the instrument. The final instruments for further validation comprised 80 items categorised into three constructs and 14 components; supply chain constructs (strategic supplier partnership, customer relationships, information sharing, information quality), lean accounting constructs (eliminating transactions, value stream costing, performance measurement, financial benefits, and value stream management), and manufacturing performance (quality, time, delivery, flexibility, and financial performance) are identified. The content validity index (I-CVI) varies between 0.86 and 1, while the scale content validity index (S-CVI/Ave) ranges from 0.860 to 1.000. The instrument demonstrates a high level of content validity in its assessment. These findings demonstrate that the instrument has adequate content validity. This study delineates the acceptable quantity indices for content validity of a novel instrument for manufacturing performance. The findings possess significant implications for the utilisation of this instrument in the assessment of manufacturing performance. This study is significant as it aids researchers and practitioners in gaining a deeper understanding of the factors that influence manufacturing performance and in formulating interventions for future research agendas.
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Lodhi, Fahad Saqib, Aymen M. Elsous, Saadia Irum, Adeel Ahmed Khan, and Unaib Rabbani. "Psychometric properties of the Urdu version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) among pregnant women in Abbottabad, Pakistan." General Psychiatry 33, no. 5 (2020): e100276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2020-100276.
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BackgroundThe Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a widely used instrument to measure anxiety and depression symptoms.AimsThis study aimed to translate, validate and test the applicability of the Urdu version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS/UV) among pregnant women.MethodsThe original English version of the HADS was translated into Urdu by three bilingual experts and retranslated to English using the forward–backward approach. The questionnaire was administered to a sample of 200 pregnant women availing obstetrics and gynaecology services for routine prenatal check-ups of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan. Psychometric properties of the instrument, including reliability (internal consistency, test–retest analysis and interitems correlation), were tested. Face and content validity were also assessed. Content Validity Index (CVI) was determined using the average approach and Item-Level Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and Scale-Level Content Validity Index (S-CVI) were calculated accordingly. Construct validity was examined through exploratory factor analysis.ResultsCronbach’s alpha coefficient has been found to be 0.82 for the anxiety subscale and 0.64 for the depression subscale, while overall alpha of the HADS/UV is 0.84. The Urdu version is content valid, and the S-CVI of anxiety subscale, depression subscale and HADS/UV are 0.947, 948 and 0.947, respectively. Test–retest reliability is 0.884 and 0.934 as measured by Pearson correlation and intraclass correlation, respectively. HADS/UV items correlated positively with the whole scale (p<0.001). Factor analysis with varimax rotation revealed that two factors explained 42.75% of the variance. Items’ distribution was quite similar to the original HADS.ConclusionThe HADS/UV is a psychometrically sound instrument with satisfactory measurement, including good internal consistency. The instrument shows promise to be a sound tool to assess anxiety and depression in pregnancy.
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Nurul, Hidayah Mat Zain, Rahayu Abdul Aziz Siti, Aiza Moketar Nor, Hasana Ishak Norshahidatul, and Hendrayati Heny. "Content validity study: a gamification model to drive behavior change in defeating coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 5 (2022): 5375–82. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i5.pp5375-5382.
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Gamification refers to transforming the environment to become more game-like to produce a positive experience. In this study, the researchers developed a gamification model, namely the GAMEBC model, to drive behavior change through a health awareness campaign in defeating the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The GAMEBC model was developed based on the self-determination theory (SDT) and gamification design literature. The GAMEBC model in this study involves four elements: competence, relatedness, autonomy, and engagement. Each element includes criteria that drive behavior change in health awareness campaigns. However, studies that validated the gamification model elements are limited, specifically to drive behavior change. Therefore, the content validity of the GAMEBC model instrument was carried out, and the analysis was based on thirteen expert reviews. The mean value and inter-rater agreement approach were implemented to examine the content validity ratio (CVR), item content validity index (I-CVI), and scale content validity index (S-CVI). The expert evaluation approach was implemented to review the GAMEBC model in terms of relevance and clarity. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. As a result of this work, we formulated an instrument that can be used to model and measure behavior change through the gamification approach in health awareness campaigns.
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Baharuddin, Mohammad Fazli, Mohamad Noorman Masrek, Shamila Mohamed Shuhidan, Mohammad Hudzari bin Haji Razali, and Mohd Saiful Rahman. "Evaluating the Content Validity of Digital Literacy Instrument for School Teachers in Malaysia through Expert Judgement." International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering 11, no. 7 (2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.46338/ijetae0721_09.
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— In the development of digital technology, schools must equip students with digital literacy skills to develop thinking both critically and creatively and make teaching and learning relevant to the students. There are various measuring instruments that have been developed to assess digital literacy for various target groups. However, quality and valid instruments are still limited and lacking. It is important to apply a valid measuring instrument for digital literacy based on its results in the case of overlapping and ambiguous constructions in the name of digital literacy. Thus, to assess the content validity of the questionnaire that had been generated to evaluate digital literacy of the school teachers is the main focus. The validity of the content was used as a criterion to confirm that the questionnaire was of high quality. The instrument's content validity was assessed according to the feedbacks of six professional in the field. The item content validity index and scale content validity index were implemented for content validity. Three (3) constructs namely; technical, cognitive, and social-emotional contain 6 items each were identified. The results of content validity index (I-CVI) showed between 0.97 to 1 and the scale content validity index (S-CVI/Ave) for the technical, cognitive, and social-emotional dimension of digital literacy was 1.00, 0.97, and 0.97 respectively. The questionnaire was identified with acceptable content validity. Further research able to guarantee that the questionnaire is checked for reliability as well as the other types of validity, including as face validity, construct validity, and criterion validity, in order to improve the assessment instrument's usefulness. Keywords— Instrument Assessment, Scale Content Validity Index, Content Validity Index, Digital Literacy, School Teachers.
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Abd Shukor, Nur Farah Ain, Norlaile Salleh Hudin, and Nur Shahira Ahmad. "Evaluating Content Validity in Developing an Unregistered Childcare Monitoring Model to Mitigate Perceived Risk." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science IX, no. II (2025): 2233–44. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.9020178.
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This article discusses the validity of instruments for the purpose of evaluating survey questions in a study. All items were developed based on adaptations from the literature. According to the study’s findings, there are five key components that should be considered while creating an unregistered childcare monitoring model in order to lower perceived risk. These features include customer reviews, interactivity, laws, rules, regulations, technological innovation, and perceived risk. In order to help parents, make less risky childcare decisions, this study intends to assess the content validity of the questionnaire used to investigate an unregistered childcare monitoring model by looking at the effects of customer reviews, interactivity, law, rules and regulations, and technological innovation on perceived risk. Each item’s content validity was developed with the help of six experts. In addition, a quantitative measurement method using the Content Validity Index (CVI) was used to assess whether the items should be retained or eliminated. The study’s findings demonstrated strong content validity, with the overall value of the I-CVI content validity index ranging from 0.83 to 1.00. The S-CVI/UA and S-CVI/Ave values were 0.49 and 0.89, respectively. High content validity was shown by the Average technique, whilst moderate content validity was shown by the Universal Agreement method. Overall, these findings indicate that all items developed meet the criteria for proper measurement for a screening instrument, and all items in this survey are suitable for evaluating the development of an unregistered childcare monitoring model to reduce perceived risk.
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Rodrigues, Andrea Bezerra, Gilmara Holanda da Cunha, Caroline Batista de Queiroz Aquino, et al. "Head and neck cancer: validation of a data collection instrument." Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 71, no. 4 (2018): 1899–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0227.
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ABSTRACT Objective: construct and validate the content of an instrument to collect data from patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) served in a specialty clinic. Method: methodological study consisting of four steps. The first step consisted in the preparation of the instrument using databases and the theoretical model of Marjory Gordon. In the second and third steps the content was validated by eight nursing judges. The evaluation used the Content Validity Index (CVI). The fourth step consisted in a pilot test with seventeen HNC patients. Results: of the 88 questions formulated and organized on the dimensions of structure and process submitted to validation, items with CVI lower than 0.80 were excluded. The final instrument was composed of 56 items, with global CVI calculated as 0.87. Conclusion: the final instrument presented content validity for data collection in head and neck clinic.