Academic literature on the topic 'Contentieux civil'

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Journal articles on the topic "Contentieux civil"

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Drobenko, Bernard. "Le contentieux civil." Cahiers du GRIDAUH N° 11, no. 3 (January 3, 2004): 213–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/cdg.011.0213.

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de Salvia, Michèle. "Le principe du « procès équitable » dans le cadre du contentieux civil." Cahiers du GRIDAUH N° 14, no. 3 (January 3, 2005): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/cdg.014.0009.

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Vernaz, Silvain. "Le référé en matière de protection possessoire." Revue de la recherche juridique, no. 2 (May 3, 2022): 969–1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rjj.194.0969.

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Depuis la suppression des actions possessoires, seule la procédure de référé de droit commun assure la protection possessoire visée à l’article 2278 du Code civil. Ce changement transforme profondément la nature du contentieux possessoire qui, de contentieux au fond du droit, devient un contentieux du provisoire. Cette étude s’attache à déterminer l’articulation peu évidente entre l’article 2278 et la procédure de référé, en s’intéressant d’abord à la façon dont se superposent les conditions de ces deux corps de règles puis aux conséquences que le régime du référé emporte sur la protection possessoire. Bien que le référé soit efficace en matière de protection possessoire, il présente certaines limites, liées à son caractère provisoire, qui n’existaient pas dans le cadre des anciennes actions possessoires. Ce constat nous interroge sur la nécessité de rétablir une action générale au fond destinée à assurer cette protection, en contradiction avec une jurisprudence de la Cour de cassation difficile à justifier.
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Casorla, Francis. "L’organisation judiciaire." Revue française de criminologie et de droit pénal hors-série, HS (July 1, 2018): 35–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfcdp.hs1.0035.

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Les Chantiers de la justice ont été lancés en octobre 2017. Cinq rapports ont été remis au gouvernement le 15 janvier 2018 partiellement repris par un « Projet de loi de programmation 2018-2022 et de réforme de la justice » déposé le 23 avril 2018 au Sénat en procédure accélérée. Le choix a été fait d’un seul texte législatif mêlant organisation judiciaire, procédure civile, procédure pénale et exécution des peines. Pour ce qui concerne les cours d’appel le projet prévoit d’expérimenter sur deux ressorts s’étendant à plusieurs cours une nouvelle forme d’organisation confiant des pouvoirs d’animation et de coordination à un premier président et un procureur général, et permettant la spécialisation de certaines cours dans des matières civiles à déterminer par décret. Pour ce qui concerne les juridictions de première instance, le projet prévoit le regroupement de l’ensemble des contentieux relevant du tribunal d’instance au TGI qui devient la seule juridiction compétente en première instance hors tribunaux de commerce et conseils de prud’hommes. Toutes les implantations de TGI sont maintenues avec un tribunal départemental « pilote » dans un département en comportant plusieurs et la possibilité de désigner par décret un TGI pour traiter de contentieux déterminés. De nombreuses dispositions civiles et pénales du projet participent d’une simplification du fonctionnement des juridictions, et donc de leur organisation. Un procès civil redessiné donne une place importante aux règlements amiables et pratique de nombreuses déjudiciarisations ainsi que des regroupements de contentieux de masse, allant jusqu’à des jugements sans audience. Au pénal, parmi des simplifications réclamées de longue date, l’application des peines et l’instruction sont cantonnées, mais l’essentiel du procès pénal est conservé alors que l’application des peines et l’instruction auraient pu être supprimées. Certes, la justice est une institution fragile, mais on a souvent le sentiment de rester au milieu du gué.
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Desmoulin-Canselier, Sonia. "La France à « l’ère du neurodroit » ? La neuro-imagerie dans le contentieux civil français." Droit et société N° 101, no. 1 (2019): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/drs1.101.0115.

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Goubau, Dominique. "Incidences de la réforme du droit de la famille sur le rôle des juges au Québec." Congrès de l’Association Henri Capitant : Istambul 1988 19, no. 2 (April 12, 2019): 393–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1059146ar.

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La réforme du droit de la famille a eu d’importantes incidences procédurales. Dans la foulée du courant de droit récent en faveur de la négociation, la médiation et le règlement des conflits dans l’intérêt premier des enfants, le juge se voit confier une nouvelle mission et se trouve doté de pouvoirs d’intervention élargis. L’auteur analyse l’impact judiciaire de la réforme en constatant le recul du caractère contradictoire et conflictuel des débats. Le contentieux familial échappe de plus en plus à la conception traditionnelle du procès civil et l’auteur conclut en se demandant si le juge est suffisamment outillé pour faire face à son rôle nouveau.
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Vogenauer, Stefan. "Regulatory Competition through Choice of Contract Law and Choice of Forum in Europe: Theory and Evidence." European Review of Private Law 21, Issue 1 (January 1, 2013): 13–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/erpl2013002.

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Abstract: This article challenges the claim that there is regulatory competition in the areas of contract law and civil litigation. It is frequently assumed that lawmakers reform their contract laws and dispute resolution mechanisms with the purpose of attracting 'users', i.e., parties to cross-border contracts who choose the contract law or the courts of a given legal system. I shall discuss this assumption and its plausibility in the first part of this article. In the second part, I will test the assumption by presenting the available empirical evidence on the choices of contract law and forum that businesses in Europe actually make. For a long time, such data have been largely absent from the debate. Moreover, I assemble evidence of lawmakers competing for the production of the most attractive legal regimes in the areas of contract law and civil litigation. I conclude that meaningful regulatory competition in the areas concerned cannot be predicted with confidence; nor is there evidence of its existence. Résumé: Cet article questionne l'affirmation selon laquelle il existerait une concurrence normative en matière de droit des contrats et de contentieux civil. Il est généralement tenu pour acquis que les organes producteurs de droit réforment le droit des contrats et les mécanismes de résolution des conflits en ayant en vue de les render attractifs pour les 'utilisateurs de droit', et plus spécifiquement, d'attirer les parties aux contrats internationaux qui sont en position de choisir le droit applicable à l'acte ainsi que la juridiction compétente en cas de conflit. Cette hypothèse sera analysée et son caractère plausible étudié, dans la première partie de l'article. Dans la seconde partie, l'hypothèse sera mise à l'épreuve au regard des résultats des études empiriques récentes sur les choix de loi et de forum par les professionnels en Europe. Longtemps, ce type de donnés a fait défaut au débat. Au surplus, seront étudiés des indices relatifs à l'existence éventuelle d'une compétition entre législateurs pour produire les régimes légaux les plus attractifs en matière de droit des contrats et de contentieux civil. Il faudra conclure en reconnaissant que, d'une part, il est difficile de prédire avec certitude qu'une réelle concurrence normative pourrait marquer les domaines étudiés et que, d'autre part, il n'y a, pour l'heure, pas de preuve de son existence.
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Avasilencei, Catalina. "La codification des conflits de lois dans le nouveau Code civil roumain : une nouvelle forme en attente d’un contentieux." Revue critique de droit international privé N° 2, no. 2 (April 2, 2012): 247–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rcdip.122.0247.

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Solas, Gian Marco. "Alternative Litigation Funding and the Italian Perspective." European Review of Private Law 24, Issue 2 (April 1, 2016): 253–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/erpl2016016.

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Abstract: Alternative Litigation Funding (ALF) refers to any practice whereby an entity not party to a dispute provides capital to claimants or defendants or in any way bears whole or part of the dispute costs, in exchange for a share of the expected financial recovery. For a few years, the use of ALF has experienced some success in certain common law jurisdictions but has not yet emerged in most (European Union) civil law countries. Italy is one of those countries in which ALF has not yet emerged, although court costs have steadily increased in recent years, and practitioners’ claims for access to justice have multiplied. Against this background, after a comparative overview, this article aims to shed light on the current status and issues related to ALF in Italy. In doing so, some Italian legislation that might potentially involve this manner of funding will also be analysed, particularly with regard to the recent reforms of (civil and commercial) justice. Résumé: Le financement alternatif du contentieux (FAC) se réfère à toute pratique par laquelle une entité non partie à une dispute fournit des capitaux aux parties, ou encore assume tout ou partie des coûts liés au litige, en échange d’une part des gains attendus. Depuis plusieurs années, le FAC connaît un succès grandissant dans certains pays de common law. En revanche, la plupart des pays de droit civil de l’Union Européenne se sont pas encore ouverts à cette pratique. En Italie par exemple, le FAC n’a pas encore vu le jour bien que, au cours des dernières années, les frais de justice aient augmenté de facon constante et les plaintes des praticiens concernant l’accès à la justice se soient multipliées. L’objectif de cet article sera donc d’établir un état des lieux des questions liées à l’introduction du FAC en Italie. Après un rapide apercu comparatif, nous analyserons la législation italienne pouvant concerner cette forme de financement. Nous intéresserons ainsi en particulier aux récentes réformes de la justice civile et commerciale.
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Michel Belorgey, Jean. "Macedoine(s): un essai de méthodologie." Lex Social: Revista de Derechos Sociales 9, no. 1 (February 14, 2021): 541–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.46661/lexsocial.3998.

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La « question macédonienne » a été, tout au long de la fin du XIXème siècle, une question critique, plus encore que d’autres, entre toutes celles que posait le démembrement de l’Empire ottoman. Avec une telle prémisse, l’auteur se penche sur la complexité de l’ « impasse macédoine » pendant le XXème siècle à cause, entre autres, de l’occupation hitlerienne des Balkans et le principe de l’intangibilité des frontières de 1945 ou encore le démembrement ultérieur de l’ancienne Yougoslavie en 1991. Enfin, la recherche d’une solution conciliatrice, pour le contentieux gréco-macédoine, entre les paramètres internationaux et l’identité étatique, est susceptible d’être utile afin de faire face à d’autres situations conflictuelles. En ce sens, si l’on conclut, comme il paraît raisonnable, à la faillite du raisonnement en termes de droits historiques, à la fragilité des critères religieux et linguistique, peut-on chercher le salut dans le recours, par voie d’emprunt au droit civil, ou, tout à la fois, à ce droit et au droit commercial, à la notion de droit au nom.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Contentieux civil"

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Adergal, Anaïs. "Le Contentieux civil en anesthésie-réanimation." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30060.

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L’anesthésie-réanimation est une discipline qui n’a acquis son autonomie que récemment. Jadis sous la direction du chirurgien, l’anesthésiste-réanimateur est, comme son nom l’indique, au cœur d’une profession multidisciplinaire. Si l’acte anesthésique suppose, en aval, l’application de techniques de réanimation, l’inverse n’est pas systématiquement le cas. En effet, l’anesthésiste-réanimateur peut être confronté, dans sa fonction de réanimateur, à la problématique du prélèvement d’organes dont la pratique fait appel à la définition de la mort, définition nécessairement sujette à discussion. Par son objet même, le contentieux civil en anesthésie-réanimation est particulièrement vaste. Son étude mettra en évidence l’élaboration des normes encadrant la discipline, sur laquelle le contexte professionnel exerce une influence déterminante, leur mise en pratique par l’anesthésiste-réanimateur, puis leur adéquation au cas clinique par le juge civil, lorsqu’un patient exercera une action en responsabilité
Anaesthetics and intensive care are closely linked in the French health care system and are always carried out by the same professional. Anaesthetics and intensive care thus form a common discipline which has acquired only recently its autonomy. Formerly under the direction of the surgeon, the anaesthetist is at the core of a multidisciplinary profession. If the anaesthetic treatment supposes, down the line, application of techniques of intensive care, the opposite is not systematically true. Indeed, the anaesthetist, taken as a member of an intensive care unit, can be confronted with the issue of organ removal which practice necessarily relates back to the difficult definition of death. Concerning its object itself, civil dispute regarding anaesthetics and intensive care covers a large-scale field. This in-depth study would highlight the drafting of norms ruling the discipline upon which the professional context has a decisive influence, then their practice by the anaesthetist itself, and finally their appropriateness to the clinical case as considered by the civil judge whenever a patient had brought legal action in responsibility before a tribunal
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Boularbah, Hakim. "Requête unilatérale et inversion du contentieux." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210663.

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L’étude porte sur les procédures qui se déroulent « sur requête unilatérale », c’est-à-dire sans que la partie contre laquelle le requérant demande au juge de prononcer une mesure soit préalablement convoquée et entendue. Ces procédures sont d’une importance capitale dans la pratique notamment en matières civile, familiale, sociale et économique, dans lesquelles elles reçoivent de très nombreuses applications quotidiennes.

Il s’agit principalement d’analyser de manière approfondie la question de la conformité de ces procédures unilatérales aux règles du procès équitable et au principe général du droit imposant le respect des droits de la défense. L’étude tente de démontrer que le recours à la procédure unilatérale respecte ces règles et principe s'il est strictement encadré et s’il s'accompagne de garanties quant aux pouvoirs du juge qui connaît de la requête et aux voies de recours dont dispose la partie qui est condamnée sans être préalablement convoquée et entendue.

Cet objectif peut être atteint moyennant certaines interprétations nouvelles de la loi et plusieurs modifications légales. Des propositions de textes sont dès lors présentées pour améliorer le régime actuel des procédures sur requête unilatérale et l’adapter aux exigences dégagées à l’issue de l’étude.


Doctorat en droit
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Marion-Faïn, Edwige. "Une analyse microéconomique des règles de preuve dans le contentieux civil." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020018/document.

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Les normes procédurales sont susceptibles d'affecter les stratégies mises en place par les parties à un litige. Nous étudions leur impact sur le volume des contentieux et sur le montant des dépenses engagées par les parties afin de gagner le procès. Ces deux composantes du coût social des litiges sont au coeur des défis que les pays développés doivent relever pour garantir l'effectivité des règles de droit substantiel. Nos travaux portent en particulier sur les règles de preuve, et nous mettons l'accent sur l'opposition entre les règles civilistes et celles de common law.Après avoir défini les contours et les enjeux de notre sujet dans l'introduction générale, nous développons un plan en deux parties. La première partie porte sur le comportement des parties lorsque celles-ci ont la possibilité de parvenir à un accord. Des modèles stratégiques et optimistes sont développés pour appréhender les décisions d'aller en justice et de négocier. La seconde partie est centrée sur le processus de production de preuves qui précède l'audience finale. Nous utilisons des modèles de recherche de rente pour analyser les incitations des parties à engager des dépenses.Les résultats suggèrent que les règles de preuve ont un impact considérable sur le coût social des contentieux. Nous montrons que le volume des litiges en France et aux Etats-Unis peut s'expliquer par les différentes règles de preuve s'appliquant dans ces deux pays. Notre analyse révèle également que les règles de preuves constituent un déterminant majeur du coût privé des litiges et des stratégies de défense des défendeurs
Procedural rules are likely to affect the strategies of the parties in a dispute. We study their impact on the volume of litigation and on the amount of legal expenses incurred by parties to win the trial. These two components of the social cost of litigation are at the heart of the challenges that must be addressed by developed countries to guarantee the effective enforcement of the substantive law. Our works relate more specifically to rules of proof, and the emphasis is given on the opposition between civilian and common law rules. After defining the scope and the stakes of the thesis in the general introduction, we develop a plan in two parts. Part I studies parties' behavior when they have the possibility to negotiate to avoid a trial. Strategic and divergent expectations models are developed to apprehend parties' decisions to sue and to settle. The second Part is oriented toward the evidence production process preceding the final hearing. We use rent-seeking models to analyze parties' incentives to engage legal expenditures.The results suggest that rules of proof have a substantial effect on the social cost of litigation. We show that the volume of litigation in the US and in France can be explained by the various rules of proof prevailing in these two countries. Moreover, our analysis reveals that the rules of proof constitute a major determinant of the private cost of litigation and of defendant's defense strategies
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Darnault, Cécilia. "Les PME face au contentieux économique : essai de guide pratique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0504.

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L’entreprise. Pour un dirigeant-entrepreneur de PME, les choses vont bien au-delà d’une simple entité économique ; il s’agit d’avantage d’une idée, d’un projet, plus que de simples considérations économiques. En plus de la maîtrise du marché économique, le dirigeant de l’entreprise doit également s’intéresser à d’autres préoccupations pour assurer la pérennité de son organisation, et notamment son environnement juridique. Celui-ci est une source de risques pour l’entreprise et son dirigeant, notamment de risque juridique de contentieux économique. Alors comment éviter la banqueroute ? Les dernières réformes législatives, traduisant les profondes mutations en matière de procédure civile, apportent des instruments de gouvernance juridique de l’entreprise permettant à son dirigeant de lutter contre le risque de contentieux économique. Comment ? Tantôt par l’instauration d’une obligation de prévention des risques via la mise en œuvre d’un plan de vigilance aux fins d’éviter la survenance d’un risque juridique ; tantôt par une résolution dé-judiciarisée ou privatisée, via le développement des modes amiables et alternatifs de résolution des différends, dès lors qu’un risque survient, pour éviter d’être confronté au contentieux économique, entendu en tant que procès civil traditionnel. Un tour d’horizon des possibilités qui s’offrent aux dirigeants-entrepreneurs de PME, pour un développement économique sécurisé, et assurer la pérennité de l’organisation dans un environnement juridique et social en perpétuelle évolution, brisant ainsi les frontières traditionnelles de la justice
A company. For a small or medium business, things go far beyond than just a simple economic organization. It is more about an idea, a project, than simple economic problematics. Besides grasping the economic market within, the business manager also needs to stay aware of other concerns, such as its legal environment. The latter is usualy complex, underrated and at the origin of many risks for the company and its CEO, such as economic litigation. Consequently, how avoid bankruptcy? Accordingly to the last legislative amendments that express many important transformations of civil procedure, the creation of new legal governance tools can help the entrepreneur to fight against economic litigation risks. How? Considering the fact that the amendments tend towards accountability, by establishing an obligation of risks prevention, and towards the empowerment of in house counsels by directly participating in the resolution of disputes, corporations has to enforce a legal governance that participates to the prevention of economic litigation. The thesis proposes a guide to legal governance of companies by first introducing a vigilance plan to alleviate any legal risk, and by recommending a private resolution solution through the recent raise of alternative dispute resolutions to avoid any economic litigation as a traditional civil lawsuit. Therefore, the thesis is an overview of all the options that entrepeneurs and business managers of small and medium companies have for a safe economic developement to ensure the sustainability of the organisation, in a perpetually evolving legal and social environment, going beyond traditional justice
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Amaro, Rafael. "Le contentieux privé des pratiques anticoncurrentielles : Étude des contentieux privés autonome et complémentaire devant les juridictions judiciaires." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05D014.

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L’actualisation des données sur le contentieux privé des pratiques anticoncurrentielles fait naître laconviction que l’état de sous-développement souvent pointé est aujourd’hui dépassé. Les statistiquessont nettes : des dizaines d’affaires sont plaidées chaque année. Toutefois, ce contentieux s’esquissesous des traits qui ne sont pas exactement ceux du contentieux indemnitaire de masse faisant suite àla commission d’ententes internationales. C’est un fait majeur qui doit être noté car l’essentiel desprojets de réforme furent bâtis sur cet idéal type. Trois des caractères les plus saillants de la réalitéjudiciaire témoignent de cette fracture entre droit positif et droit prospectif. D’abord, le contentieuxprivé est majoritairement un contentieux contractuel entre professionnels aux forces déséquilibrées. Ensuite, c’estun contentieux national – voire local – plus qu’un contentieux international. Enfin, c’est plutôt uncontentieux autonome se déployant devant les juridictions judiciaires sans procédure préalable oupostérieure des autorités de concurrence (stand alone). Paradoxalement, les actions complémentaires(follow-on), pourtant réputées d’une mise en oeuvre aisée, sont plus rares. Ces observations invitentalors à réviser l’ordre des priorités de toute réflexion prospective. Ainsi, la lutte contre l’asymétried’informations et de moyens entre litigants, l’essor de sanctions contractuelles efficaces, larecomposition du rôle des autorités juridictionnelles et administratives dans le procès civil ou encorele développement des procédures de référé s’imposent avec urgence. Mais s’il paraît légitime desoutenir ce contentieux autonome déjà existant, il n’en reste pas moins utile de participer à laréflexion déjà amorcée pour développer le contentieux indemnitaire de masse tant attendu et dont onne peut négliger les atouts. De lege ferenda, le contentieux privé de demain présenterait donc uncaractère bicéphale ; il serait à la fois autonome et complémentaire. Il faut alors tenter de concevoir unrégime efficace pour ces deux moutures du contentieux privé en tenant compte de leurs exigencesrespectives. Or l’analyse positive et prospective de leurs fonctions révèlent que contentieuxautonome et contentieux complémentaire s’illustrent autant par les fonctions qu’ils partagent que parcelles qui les distinguent. Il serait donc excessif de vouloir en tous points leur faire application derègles particulières ou, à l’inverse, de règles identiques. C’est donc vers l’élaboration d’un régime commun complété par un régime particulier à chacun d’eux que s’orientera la présente recherche.PREMIÈRE PARTIE. Le régime commun aux contentieux privés autonome et complémentaireSECONDE PARTIE. Le régime particulier à chacun des contentieux privés autonome et complémentaire
Pas de résumé en anglais
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Moukoko, Serge Rock. "Le plein contentieux spécial des installations classées." Thesis, Metz, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009METZ003D/document.

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Le plein contentieux spécial des installations classées est qualifié par la doctrine de spécial. Spécial, il l'est en effet, à plus d'un titre, en raison des particularismes qu'il présente par rapport au contentieux de droit commun. Ce caractère spécial tient tout d'abord à la multiplicité des délais de recours contentieux, variables selon la qualité du requérant, la nature de l'installation en cause ou le début de mise en service de celle-ci. Ce caractère spécial tient aussi aux pouvoirs exceptionnels du juge : lorsqu'il statue dans le cadre de ce contentieux spécial, dont l'application est conditionnée par l'acte, il peut non seulement annuler l'acte, mais encore faire acte d'administrateur. Il peut se substituer au préfet et agir en ses lieu et place en prenant dans le cadre juridictionnel les actes qui, en logique pure, relèvent de la compétence exclusive de ce dernier. Par ailleurs, les règles de droit applicables par le juge varient en fonction des éléments concernés : il doit faire application des règles de procédure en vigueur au jour de l'acte attaqué, quant aux règles de fond, il se place au jour de sa décision juridictionnelle pour apprécier leur légalité. Certains de ces particularismes se sont justifiés pour des raisons historiques particulières, mais qui ne se justifient plus aujourd'hui en raison de l'évolution du droit public et de l'émergence des principes et droits processuels garantis aux justiciables par le juge européen et par le juge communautaire, tels que le principe de sécurité juridique, le principe d'égalité des armes, le droit à un tribunal, le droit à un juge indépendant. Ce qui rend possible aujourd'hui l'absorption de ce contentieux spécial par le contentieux de droit commun qui, par un retournement de l'histoire, tend à reprendre le dessus sur lui
The full special dispute on closed plants is qualified by the special doctrine. Indeed it is special, more than the mere idea, on accounts of particularisms that it shows up in relation to the common law's dispute. That special side is firstly due to the variety of deadlines about the dispute appeal, which change either according to the applicant, the plant's aspect in matter or the beginning of setting up. This special point is also due to the exceptionnal competences vested in the judge, whenever he pleads for the special dispute, whose implementationis first conditioned by a decree. Not only can he abrogate (annihilate / repeal) the decree, but he can also behave as an administrator. He can play the prefect's part and act in places taking the decrees into the jurisdictional setting. Out of sheen reason, this domain lies within the administrator's exclusive province. besides, the rules of the law implementable by the judge varies according to given aspects. He must incite to the procedure rules implementation which comes into effect the very day when the decree is treatened. As for the deep rules, the judge should appreciate their equality when the jurisdictional decision is drawn. Some of its particularisms are justified on particularly historical accounts. However these cannot be justified nowadays any longer, because of the public law's evolution and the recent principles of process law guaranteed to the justicees by an european and a community judge, such as the legal security principle, the equal opportunity principle, the right to the justice court, the right to a non-dependant (free) judge. All the aforementioned specificities enable the commont law's dispute to take over the full special dispute, which tends to come up forth as by a history reserve
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Blanchard, Thibault. "Le partage du contentieux administratif entre le juge civil et le juge administratif : étude de droit vaudois, historique et comparée /." Lausanne : Bis et Ter, 2005. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00123680.pdf.

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Berne, de la Calle Cédric. "Le contentieux de la résolution du contrat au regard de l'article 1184 du Code civil : éléments pour une stratégie du créancier." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1027.

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La stratégie du créancier face à l'inexécution est une réalité masquée par les théories, elle est tacite dans les analyses. Les éléments qui la composent sont étudiés tour à tour de façon à découvrir une institution qui est composée de mécanismes interdépendants ayant chacun son propre ressort. À partir de l'article 1184 du Code civil, il a fallu saisir l'esprit de la résolution, des qualifications qu'elle comprend, expressément et tacitement, dans l'optique de vérifier les connaissances présentés comme certaines afin de projeter l'institution dans une perspective d'avenir.À travers huit thématiques constitutives de la résolution, il est question d'opérer un tri dans les connaissances relatives au domaine de l'action, à la disqualification de la force majeure, à l'inexécution du contrat par le débiteur dûment constatée par une mise en demeure. Le juge une fois saisi, le créancier bénéficie ainsi de l'option entre résolution ou exécution forcée conférée par l'article 1184 alinéa 2, amenant au caractère judiciaire - fort discuté - de l'action. Enfin, la résolution produit des effets apparents sur le contrat : la rétroactivité mais surtout des effets caractéristiques : l'extinction et les restitutions qui sont issues de la décision judiciaire de résolution.Si le concept de résolution a été étudié à travers son fondement, son histoire ou encore ses formes diverses, il restait à explorer l'envers de cette théorie dans une relecture critique rappelant sa fonction première : permettre au créancier de protéger le contrat face au phénomène d'inexécution
Creditor's strategy in case of breach of contract is often avoided because of full theories.It could be described as a tacit phenomenon. Elements of judicial dissolution are studied in a way to discover a legal institution made by independent mechanisms which each have their own spring. Starting with article 1184 of French Civil Code, the aim of the study was to grasp the spirit of "judicial dissolution" of contract, also the legal institutions it contains, formally or tacitly, checking all the law doctrinal knowledge, supposed to be certain and proposing a perspective for this particular judicial termination of contract.Judicial dissolution composed of eight themes is a study trying to share into a mass knowledge relative to the action's area, the fortuitous event (irresistible force), the breach of contract itself, which is officially established into a formal notice. When the judge is seized, the creditor has a legal option between dissolution or enforced performance offered by article 1184 paragraph 2, which leads to the question of judicial characteristic - involving an important argument - of the dissolution.Finally, judicial dissolution causes apparent consequences : retrospective effect on contract but, overall, there are specific effects : termination of contract involving return of goods, values and performances between parties coming from the judicial decision.If dissolution's concept had been studied before into its fundamentals, its story or its diverse forms, it allows to explore the reverse side of this theory into as a new critical reading which recalls the original function of this legal action : to permit creditor to defend in case of breach of contract
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Lambert-Wiber, Sophie. "Contribution du droit civil à une approche renouvelée de la charge de la preuve en droit fiscal." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUEL257.

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La présentation, qui est traditionnellement faite de la dévolution de la charge de la preuve en droit fiscal, met principalement en évidence le particularisme de la matière, et sa résistance à toute tentative de systématisation. En réalité, on ne peut nier, que les règles fiscales régissant la question ont une origine propre, dans la mesure où le choix du système déclaratif impose que les déclarations du contribuable bénéficient de la présomption de sincérité. Toutefois, l'étude comparée des mécanismes de dévolution de la charge de la preuve en droit fiscal et en droit civil révèle de nombreuses similitudes. Ainsi, dans ces deux matières, on constate l'existence d'un principe général d'attribution du fardeau de la preuve, résultant soit d'un texte, l'article 1315 c. Civ, soit de différentes dispositions du livre des procédures fiscales, relatives à cette question. Or, dans les deux cas cette attribution ne vise en fait à régler que la question du risque de la preuve c'est-à-dire à désigner celui des plaideurs qui perdra l'instance, si la lumière n'est pas faite. Cette question doit être, par ailleurs, nettement distinguée de l'obligation, qui pèse sur chacune des parties qui collabore à l'effort probatoire. Cette obligation est notamment consacrée par l'article 10 c. Civ. En contentieux fiscal, elle résulte du mécanisme dit de la dialectique de l'administration de la preuve. Enfin, du point de vue de la procédure, force est de constater que le juge de l'impôt comme le juge judiciaire disposent de pouvoirs inquisitoriaux, qui leur permettent d'intervenir directement dans la recherche des éléments de preuve et de contribuer ainsi à la consécration, en justice, d'une conception objective de la vérité
The way the devolution of the burden of proof is usually presented in fiscal law, essentially puts in evidence the subject's particularism, and its resistance facing any systemization attempt. In effect, one cannot deny that the fiscal laws regulating the topic have an in-built origin, since the choice of the declarative system imposes that the tax payer's declarations benefit from the presumption of sincerity. However, the comparative study of the mechanisms of devolution of the burden of proof, both in fiscal and civil laws, uncovers numerous similarities. In fact, in both those domains, one cas assess the reality of a general principle of attribution relating to the onus of proof, found either in a text, the article 1315 of the civil code, or in a number of clauses in the fiscal proceedings book ("livre des procedures fiscales"), all covering this subject. But, in both cases, this attribution is only aimed at settling the risk of the proof, that is to say, designating the litigeant who will lose the suite, if a verdict is not reached. Furthermore, this question must be clearly separated from the obligation, which weighs on each party, to collaborate in the probatory effort. This obligation is specifically covered by the article 10 of the civil code. In fiscal dispute, the obligation results from the so-called mechanism of the dialectic of the proof administration. Finally, as far as procedure is concerned, it has to be assessed that both the fiscal judge and the legal judge have at their disposal inquisitorial powers, wich enable them to intervene directly in the search for elements of proof, and thus, to contribute to the consecration, in justice, of an objective conception of the truth
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Rottier, Benjamin. "L'aveu en droit processuel : essai de contribution à la révélation d’un droit commun." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D008.

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La force particulière attribuée à l'aveu judiciaire civil procède, à l'origine, d'un rattachement contestable à la confessio in jure, qui constituait un acquiescement à la demande. Si l'on restitue à l'aveu sa dimension probatoire qu'avait dégagée le droit savant médiéval, il apparaît que la nature de l'aveu porte l'empreinte de la volonté alors que son régime est fortement influencé par la recherche d'une vérité par le juge. D'un côté, l'exigence d'intégrité et de liberté de la volonté d'avouer, en droit judiciaire privé comme en procédure pénale, donne à l'aveu la nature d'un acte juridique destiné à constituer une preuve, laquelle ne peut porter que sur un fait. Il est alors possible de distinguer les véritables aveux, qui procèdent d'une telle volonté, d'autres figures juridiques dans lesquelles l'aveu est retenu à titre de sanction contre le plaideur qui, en procédure civile ou en contentieux administratif, méconnaît l'imperium procédural du juge. De l'autre côté, la preuve constituée par l'aveu est toujours appréciée souverainement par les juges du fond. Si le juge judiciaire civil doit tenir le fait avoué pour acquis, c'est pour cette raison que l'aveu réalise la concordance des allégations des parties qui, en application du principe dispositif, interdit au juge de fonder sa décision sur un autre moyen de fait. L'irrévocabilité de l'aveu connait deux manifestations, l'une substantielle, par laquelle la preuve est définitivement constituée, l'autre procédurale, qui emporte l'irrecevabilité du moyen de fait contraire à l'aveu. L'indivisibilité de l'aveu peut être analysée comme procédant de la condition suspensive ou résolutoire dont cet acte juridique peul être affecté
The strength of judicial civil confession is inherited from roman confessio in jure, that was however an admission of claim. Confession being held as an evidence since the medieval law, its nature wears the seal of will whereas its regime is mostly determined by search for the truth. On the one hand, requirement of a free will, both in civil and criminal procedures, grants confession the nature of a legal act intended to prove a fact. Thus genuine confessions can be distinguished from sanctions against litigants who disregard the judge’s imperium, in civil cases as well as in administrative cases. On the other hand, the weight of evidence brought by confession is always determined by the courts in their unfettered discretion. Obligation for civil jurisdictions to state only in consideration of the confessed fact relies on the principle of party disposition. Civil judicial confession 's legal irrevocability is both substantial, as the evidence is permanently constituted, and procedural, preventing the confessor to invoke an opposite allegation of fact. Confession's indivisibility can be analyzed as a result of the suspensive or resolutive condition under which this legal act can be granted
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Books on the topic "Contentieux civil"

1

Molinier, Joël. Droit du contentieux européen. Paris: L.G.D.J., 1996.

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Batselé, D. Le contentieux de la fonction publique. Bruxelles: Nemesis, 1992.

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Véronique, Noah Belinga. Le contentieux des baux à usage d'habitation. [Yaoundé]: Ministère de la fonction publique et du contrôle de l'Etat, Centre national d'administration et de magistrature, Ecole nationale d'administration et de magistrature, Division judiciaire, 1990.

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Inge, Govaere, and Vandersanden G, eds. La fonction publique communautaire: Nouvelles règles et développements contentieux. Bruxelles: Bruylant, 2008.

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de, Leval Georges, Georges Frédéric, and Balot François, eds. L'effet de la décision de justice: Contentieux européens, constitutionnel, civil et pénal. Liège: Anthemis, 2008.

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de, Leval Georges, Georges Frédéric, and Balot François, eds. L'effet de la décision de justice: Contentieux européens, constitutionnel, civil et pénal. Liège: Anthemis, 2008.

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Mazza, Christelle. Harcèlement moral et souffrance au travail dans le service public: Diagnostic, prévention, contentieux. Héricy: Editions du Puits fleuri, 2014.

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Farget, Doris. Le droit au respect des modes de vie minoritaires et autochtones dans les contentieux internationaux des droits humains. Montréal: Les Éditions Thémis, 2012.

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Mercea, Dan. Civic Participation in Contentious Politics. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50869-0.

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Gent, E. M. Wesseling-Van. Hoofdlijnen van de contentieuze procedure. Arnhem: Gouda Quint, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Contentieux civil"

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della Porta, Donatella, and Elias Steinhilper. "Shrinking spaces and civil society contestation." In Contentious Migrant Solidarity, 1–18. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003083429-1.

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Vüllers, Johannes. "Revisions of contentious goals." In Navigating Civil Resistance, 86–107. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003422457-5.

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Vüllers, Johannes. "Nepal Contentious Action Dataset." In Navigating Civil Resistance, 49–59. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003422457-3.

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Vüllers, Johannes. "Diversification of contentious strategies." In Navigating Civil Resistance, 108–33. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003422457-6.

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Mercea, Dan. "Informal Civic Learning." In Civic Participation in Contentious Politics, 191–218. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50869-0_7.

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Robertson, Graeme B. "Civil Society and Contentious Politics in Russia." In Developments in Russian Politics 8, 115–29. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-39215-2_7.

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Mercea, Dan. "Conclusion: Civic Participation in Contentious Politics." In Civic Participation in Contentious Politics, 219–26. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50869-0_8.

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Durdiyeva, Selbi. "Transitional Justice and Contentious Groups." In The Role of Civil Society in Transitional Justice, 139–59. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003293873-6.

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Brunelle, Dorval, and Sylvie Dugas. "Civil Society Organizations against Free Trade Agreements in North America." In Contentious Politics in North America, 57–73. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230246898_4.

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Mercea, Dan. "Introduction: The Networked Communication of Contentious Politics." In Civic Participation in Contentious Politics, 1–34. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50869-0_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Contentieux civil"

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Smolková, Simona, and Jakub Dzimko. "Inštitút neodkladného opatrenia v civilnom procese." In Naděje právní vědy 2022. University of West Bohemia, Czech Republic, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24132/zcu.nadeje.2022.618-629.

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The institution of an urgent measure is a rapid, efficient and effective instrument for protecting the personal rights of the claimant (in litigation proceedings) or the plaintiff (in non-contentious proceedings) whose subjective rights are violated or threatened. In the present paper, the authors provide an analysis of the institution of urgent measures and a comparison of the differences between urgent measures ordered in contentious and non-contentious proceedings, emphasising the relationship between those mentioned above civil procedural codes. However, the authors also do not omit the prerequisites or conditions for ordering an interim measure and the court‘s procedural procedure when deciding whether or not to call a temporary measure.
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Wicks, Tyler. "Principals and Politics: How Principals Address Contentious Political Issues and Civic Discourse." In 2023 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/2010106.

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Despotović, Danijela, and Živorad Rašević. "Types of compensation for non-pecuniary damage in the function of human dignity protection." In XXI međunarodni naučni skup Pravnički dani - Prof. dr Slavko Carić, na temu: Odgovori pravne nauke na izazove savremenog društva, 163–80. Faculty of Law for Commerce and Judiciary, Novi Sad, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/pdsc24163d.

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Compensation for non-pecuniary damage has long been a contentious issue in legal doctrine and judicial practice. Before delving into the specific types of nonpecuniary damage and compensation for these types, the authors will briefly outline its essence, definition, content, legal nature, purpose, and the core of awarding compensation for non-pecuniary damage. A correct understanding of these concepts in the context of constitutional guarantees of human dignity, enables lawful judicial decision-making for non-pecuniary damage. The essay will provide a concise overview of non-pecuniary damage recognized in previous case law in the Serbian legal system, provisions of the Law on Obligations, and the principles of civil law.
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Semyakin, Mikhail. "Reformation of the Russian Civil Code in the Context of Human Rights Protection." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-20.

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In connection with the reform of civil legislation, several amendments are being drafted into the Russian Civil Code, in particular into the institute of property rights, which need to be scientifically analysed from the perspective of ensuring that citizens’ rights are adequately protected. The study is to scientifically evaluate the proposed amendments, and to develop individual recommendations for their improvement. Besides general scientific methodology, the following specific scientific study methods were employed: dogmatic, formal-logic, comparative-legal, as well as methods of interpreting normative material and analysing court practice. In the context of the protection of the rights and legal interests of civilians, an analysis was carried out of the projected regulations on the institute of property rights and the individual novelties contained in the Law ‘On introducing amendments to Part One of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation’ have been examined. In general, the proposed amendments to the institution of proprietary rights implying the assurance of proper protection of rights of bona fide individuals are adequately protected. Particular attention was paid to certain contentious points between the designed amendments and effective legislative provisions, in particular those relating to the rights of the previous owner of the property and the good faith purchaser of the property in question. Recommendations regarding certain incorrect provisions were given, particularly in relation to recognising a real estate acquirer as a bona fide purchaser who relied on data from the state register until it is proven in court that he knew that there was no right to alienate the concerned property. The draft amendments are considered for the first time in the context of the proper protection of citizens’ rights and in close connection with the provisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the European principle of proportionality.
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Horvat Vuković, Ana, and Valentino Kuzelj. "CONSTITUTIONALITY DURING TIMES OF CRISIS: ANTI-PANDEMIC MEASURES AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE RULE OF LAW IN CROATIA." In 6th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2020.59.

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The Croatian constitution-maker’s dedication to the concept of a social state begets the state’s duty to care for public health. This duty is especially salient amid the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic. One would be well-advised to be watchful of the dangers that periods of crisis pose for the viability of liberal democracies: in Croatia, protective measures against the COVID-19 disease have been entrusted to the national Civil Protection Command in an initially illegal way. This was later on retroactively convalidated by legislative “patchwork” solutions. It is to be expected that the issue of such measures’ constitutionality will in the foreseeable future present itself on the Constitutional Court’s docket. This paper focuses on one of the most contentious measures - that of a ban on Sunday trade, particularly its implications for the economic constitutional rights such as the right of ownership and entrepreneurial freedom. Furthermore, the authors’ analysis of several Constitutional Court’s decisions from the time of the previous economic crisis will endeavor to anticipate the Court’s decisions in upcoming cases.
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A. Buzzetto-Hollywood, Nicole, Austin J. Hill, and Troy Banks. "Early Findings of a Study Exploring the Social Media, Political and Cultural Awareness, and Civic Activism of Gen Z Students in the Mid-Atlantic United States [Abstract]." In InSITE 2021: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences. Informing Science Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4762.

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Aim/Purpose: This paper provides the results of the preliminary analysis of the findings of an ongoing study that seeks to examine the social media use, cultural and political awareness, civic engagement, issue prioritization, and social activism of Gen Z students enrolled at four different institutional types located in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. The aim of this study is to look at the group as a whole as well as compare findings across populations. The institutional types under consideration include a mid-sized majority serving or otherwise referred to as a traditionally white institution (TWI) located in a small coastal city on the Atlantic Ocean, a small Historically Black University (HBCU) located in a rural area, a large community college located in a county that is a mixture of rural and suburban and which sits on the border of Maryland and Pennsylvania, and graduating high school students enrolled in career and technical education (CTE) programs in a large urban area. This exploration is purposed to examine the behaviors and expectations of Gen Z students within a representative American region during a time of tremendous turmoil and civil unrest in the United States. Background: Over 74 million strong, Gen Z makes up almost one-quarter of the U.S. population. They already outnumber any current living generation and are the first true digital natives. Born after 1996 and through 2012, they are known for their short attention spans and heightened ability to multi-task. Raised in the age of the smart phone, they have been tethered to digital devices from a young age with most having the preponderance of their childhood milestones commemorated online. Often called Zoomers, they are more racially and ethnically diverse than any previous generation and are on track to be the most well-educated generation in history. Gen Zers in the United States have been found in the research to be progressive and pro-government and viewing increasing racial and ethnic diversity as positive change. Finally, they are less likely to hold xenophobic beliefs such as the notion of American exceptionalism and superiority that have been popular with by prior generations. The United States has been in a period of social and civil unrest in recent years with concerns over systematic racism, rampant inequalities, political polarization, xenophobia, police violence, sexual assault and harassment, and the growing epidemic of gun violence. Anxieties stirred by the COVID-19 pandemic further compounded these issues resulting in a powder keg explosion occurring throughout the summer of 2020 and leading well into 2021. As a result, the United States has deteriorated significantly in the Civil Unrest Index falling from 91st to 34th. The vitriol, polarization, protests, murders, and shootings have all occurred during Gen Z’s formative years, and the limited research available indicates that it has shaped their values and political views. Methodology: The Mid-Atlantic region is a portion of the United States that exists as the overlap between the northeastern and southeastern portions of the country. It includes the nation’s capital, as well as large urban centers, small cities, suburbs, and rural enclaves. It is one of the most socially, economically, racially, and culturally diverse parts of the United States and is often referred to as the “typically American region.” An electronic survey was administered to students from 2019 through 2021 attending a high school dual enrollment program, a minority serving institution, a majority serving institution, and a community college all located within the larger mid-Atlantic region. The survey included a combination of multiple response, Likert scaled, dichotomous, open ended, and ordinal questions. It was developed in the Survey Monkey system and reviewed by several content and methodological experts in order to examine bias, vagueness, or potential semantic problems. Finally, the survey was pilot tested prior to implementation in order to explore the efficacy of the research methodology. It was then modified accordingly prior to widespread distribution to potential participants. The surveys were administered to students enrolled in classes taught by the authors all of whom are educators. Participation was voluntary, optional, and anonymous. Over 800 individuals completed the survey with just over 700 usable results, after partial completes and the responses of individuals outside of the 18-24 age range were removed. Findings: Participants in this study overwhelmingly were users of social media. In descending order, YouTube, Instagram, Snapchat, Twitter, Facebook, Pinterest, WhatsApp, LinkedIn and Tik Tok were the most popular social media services reported as being used. When volume of use was considered, Instagram, Snapchat, YouTube and Twitter were the most cited with most participants reporting using Instagram and Snapchat multiple times a day. When asked to select which social media service they would use if forced to choose just one, the number one choice was YouTube followed by Instagram and Snapchat. Additionally, more than half of participants responded that they have uploaded a video to a video sharing site such as YouTube or Tik Tok. When asked about their familiarity with different technologies, participants overwhelmingly responded that they are “very familiar” with smart phones, searching the Web, social media, and email. About half the respondents said that they were “very familiar” with common computer applications such as the Microsoft Office Suite or Google Suite with another third saying that they were “somewhat familiar.” When asked about Learning Management Systems (LMS) like Blackboard, Course Compass, Canvas, Edmodo, Moodle, Course Sites, Google Classroom, Mindtap, Schoology, Absorb, D2L, itslearning, Otus, PowerSchool, or WizIQ, only 43% said they were “very familiar” with 31% responding that they were “somewhat familiar.” Finally, about half the students were either “very” or “somewhat” familiar with operating systems such as Windows. A few preferences with respect to technology in the teaching and learning process were explored in the survey. Most students (85%) responded that they want course announcements and reminders sent to their phones, 76% expect their courses to incorporate the use of technology, 71% want their courses to have course websites, and 71% said that they would rather watch a video than read a book chapter. When asked to consider the future, over 81% or respondents reported that technology will play a major role in their future career. Most participants considered themselves “informed” or “well informed” about current events although few considered themselves “very informed” or “well informed” about politics. When asked how they get their news, the most common forum reported for getting news and information about current events and politics was social media with 81% of respondents reporting. Gen Z is known to be an engaged generation and the participants in this study were not an exception. As such, it came as no surprise to discover that, in the past year more than 78% of respondents had educated friends or family about an important social or political issue, about half (48%) had donated to a cause of importance to them, more than a quarter (26%) had participated in a march or rally, and a quarter (26%) had actively boycotted a product or company. Further, about 37% consider themselves to be a social activist with another 41% responding that aren’t sure if they would consider themselves an activist and only 22% saying that they would not consider themselves an activist. When asked what issues were important to them, the most frequently cited were Black Lives Matter (75%), human trafficking (68%), sexual assault/harassment/Me Too (66.49%), gun violence (65.82%), women’s rights (65.15%), climate change (55.4%), immigration reform/deferred action for childhood arrivals (DACA) (48.8%), and LGBTQ+ rights (47.39%). When the schools were compared, there were only minor differences in social media use with the high school students indicating slightly more use of Tik Tok than the other participants. All groups were virtually equal when it came to how informed they perceived themselves about current events and politics. Consensus among groups existed with respect to how they get their news, and the community college and high school students were slightly more likely to have participated in a march, protest, or rally in the last 12 months than the university students. The community college and high school students were also slightly more likely to consider themselves social activists than the participants from either of the universities. When the importance of the issues was considered, significant differences based on institutional type were noted. Black Lives Matter (BLM) was identified as important by the largest portion of students attending the HBCU followed by the community college students and high school students. Less than half of the students attending the TWI considered BLM an important issue. Human trafficking was cited as important by a higher percentage of students attending the HBCU and urban high school than at the suburban and rural community college or the TWI. Sexual assault was considered important by the majority of students at all the schools with the percentage a bit smaller from the majority serving institution. About two thirds of the students at the high school, community college, and HBCU considered gun violence important versus about half the students at the majority serving institution. Women’s rights were reported as being important by more of the high school and HBCU participants than the community college or TWI. Climate change was considered important by about half the students at all schools with a slightly smaller portion reporting out the HBCU. Immigration reform/DACA was reported as important by half the high school, community college, and HBCU participants with only a third of the students from the majority serving institution citing it as an important issue. With respect to LGBTQ rights approximately half of the high school and community college participants cited it as important, 44.53% of the HBCU students, and only about a quarter of the students attending the majority serving institution. Contribution and Conclusion: This paper provides a timely investigation into the mindset of generation Z students living in the United States during a period of heightened civic unrest. This insight is useful to educators who should be informed about the generation of students that is currently populating higher education. The findings of this study are consistent with public opinion polls by Pew Research Center. According to the findings, the Gen Z students participating in this study are heavy users of multiple social media, expect technology to be integrated into teaching and learning, anticipate a future career where technology will play an important role, informed about current and political events, use social media as their main source for getting news and information, and fairly engaged in social activism. When institutional type was compared the students from the university with the more affluent and less diverse population were less likely to find social justice issues important than the other groups. Recommendations for Practitioners: During disruptive and contentious times, it is negligent to think that the abounding issues plaguing society are not important to our students. Gauging the issues of importance and levels of civic engagement provides us crucial information towards understanding the attitudes of students. Further, knowing how our students gain information, their social media usage, as well as how informed they are about current events and political issues can be used to more effectively communicate and educate. Recommendations for Researchers: As social media continues to proliferate daily life and become a vital means of news and information gathering, additional studies such as the one presented here are needed. Additionally, in other countries facing similarly turbulent times, measuring student interest, awareness, and engagement is highly informative. Impact on Society: During a highly contentious period replete with a large volume of civil unrest and compounded by a global pandemic, understanding the behaviors and attitudes of students can help us as higher education faculty be more attuned when it comes to the design and delivery of curriculum. Future Research This presentation presents preliminary findings. Data is still being collected and much more extensive statistical analyses will be performed.
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Reports on the topic "Contentieux civil"

1

Schuster, Christian. Strategies to Professionalize the Civil Service: Lessons from the Dominican Republic. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010594.

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Abstract:
Drawing on a case study of recent reforms in the Dominican Republic, this technical note derives lessons about strategies to professionalize the civil service. As in other countries with less professionalized civil services, the Dominican Republic's political economy is biased against reform: promises of public employment tend to be important to successful electoral mobilization. Nonetheless, passage of a new public service law and its partial implementation were achieved. The case study finds that the construction of a broad societal coalition demanding reform may account for this puzzle. For legislative approval, alliance formation extended to not only traditional reform allies, such as the international community, NGOs, business associations, the media, progressive governing legislators and a politically influential minister, but also novel allies, including opposition parties. Reform implementation was fostered by the periodic and well-publicized societal monitoring of an achievable set of reform objectives aligned with the strategic priorities of the Ministry of Public Administration. As a result, political incentives were tilted towards legal reform passage and incremental compliance in civil service subsystems such as organizational structures, information systems and training not perceived as threatening to core electoral mobilization interests, yet not in more politically contentious subsystems, such as recruitment and selection. The case study underscores the desirability of constructing broad societal coalitions to enable civil service professionalization particularly in contexts where potential societal veto actors with vested interests, such as public sector unions, are largely absent. It also underscores the continued weight of political economy constraints in conditioning the subsystems in which civil service reform implementation may be achieved.
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