Relevant bibliographies by topics / Contingency Contracts / Journal articles
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Contingency Contracts.

Journal articles on the topic 'Contingency Contracts'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Contingency Contracts.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Downing, Joyce Anderson. "Contingency Contracts." Intervention in School and Clinic 26, no. 2 (November 1990): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/105345129002600208.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Ziser, Katrin, Katrin Giel, Gaby Resmark, Christoph Nikendei, Hans-Christoph Friederich, Stephan Herpertz, Matthias Rose, et al. "Contingency Contracts for Weight Gain of Patients with Anorexia Nervosa in Inpatient Therapy: Practice Styles of Specialized Centers." Journal of Clinical Medicine 7, no. 8 (August 14, 2018): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm7080215.

Full text
Abstract:
The treatment of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) is often challenging, due to a high degree of ambivalence towards recovery and weight gain these patients often express. One part of the multimodal treatment is the utilization of treatment contracts (i.e., contingency contracts) that aim to motivate patients to gain weight by applying positive and negative consequences for the (non-)achievement of weight goals. The main aim of this study is to assess and analyze current standards of contingency contracts’ utilization in German eating disorder centers. n = 76 mental health professionals of twelve specialized university centers in Germany that are currently or were formerly treating patients with AN in an inpatient setting participated. Most experts use contingency contracts in their clinic with weekly weight goals ranging between 500 and 700 g. Overall effectiveness and significance of contingency contracts for the inpatient treatment of patients with AN was rated high. Typical characteristics of a contingency contract in specialized German university hospital centers, such as the most frequent consequences, are described. The survey results assist the planning of further studies aiming to improve the multimodal treatment of patients with AN. For clinical practice, using external motivators such as contingency contracts as well as targeting internal motivation (e.g., by using motivational interviewing) is proposed.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Nugraheni, Ninis, Hening Arifanda, and Alifihan Astaftiyan. "Public Procurement Contract for Goods and Services Following the Presidential Decree Number 12 of 2020 on the Stipulation of the Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) Pandemic as a National Disaster." PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) 07, no. 02 (2020): 229–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v7n2.a5.

Full text
Abstract:
The Covid-19 Pandemic affects many sectors. Therefore, the Indonesian Government passed the Presidential Regulation Number 12 of 2020 to manage the Pandemic. Unfortunately, this regulation has evoked various interpretations on the disaster contingency as a foundation to apply force majeure condition. The Government’s policies of budget refocusing and reallocation to manage the Covid-19 Pandemic have brought significant effects on goods and services procurement contracts. This condition may lead the Government into default, and it is force majeure. Therefore, the Government is discharged from any liabilities. Consequently, it may injure contractors of procurement. This study aims to investigate the actuality of such procurement contracts following the Presidential Regulation. This study is a normative law research. Based on the Presidential Regulation, the force majeure condition is likely to be applied on procurement contracts. However, the condition does not immediately nullify or terminate the contracts. They remain legally valid and binding. In case of a condition permanently prevents debtor to fulfill obligations, contract can be terminated. In case of a condition temporarily prevents the contract’s implementation, the best solution to encourage conducive business climate is renegotiation that is legalized by contract addendum.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Nugraheni, Ninis, Hening Arifanda, and Alifihan Astaftiyan. "Public Procurement Contract for Goods and Services Following the Presidential Decree Number 12 of 2020 on the Stipulation of the Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) Pandemic as a National Disaster." PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) 07, no. 02 (2020): 229–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v7n2.a5.

Full text
Abstract:
The Covid-19 Pandemic affects many sectors. Therefore, the Indonesian Government passed the Presidential Regulation Number 12 of 2020 to manage the Pandemic. Unfortunately, this regulation has evoked various interpretations on the disaster contingency as a foundation to apply force majeure condition. The Government’s policies of budget refocusing and reallocation to manage the Covid-19 Pandemic have brought significant effects on goods and services procurement contracts. This condition may lead the Government into default, and it is force majeure. Therefore, the Government is discharged from any liabilities. Consequently, it may injure contractors of procurement. This study aims to investigate the actuality of such procurement contracts following the Presidential Regulation. This study is a normative law research. Based on the Presidential Regulation, the force majeure condition is likely to be applied on procurement contracts. However, the condition does not immediately nullify or terminate the contracts. They remain legally valid and binding. In case of a condition permanently prevents debtor to fulfill obligations, contract can be terminated. In case of a condition temporarily prevents the contract’s implementation, the best solution to encourage conducive business climate is renegotiation that is legalized by contract addendum.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Allen, Linda J., Vikki F. Howard, William J. Sweeney, and T. F. McLaughlin. "Use of Contingency Contracting to Increase On-Task Behavior with Primary Students." Psychological Reports 72, no. 3 (June 1993): 905–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1993.72.3.905.

Full text
Abstract:
The effectiveness of contingency contracting to improve the on-task behavior of 3 primary-age students was evaluated using an ABABA single-subject replication design. The contract was developed by the teacher and the consequences were selected by the students. Increases in on-task behavior were observed each time that the contingency contracts were in effect. This study has important implications for the use of contracting with primary school children.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Heuman, Josh. "Negotiating contract: The commerce and artifice of dealing for creative work." International Journal of Cultural Studies 20, no. 3 (November 15, 2015): 287–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367877915617002.

Full text
Abstract:
Following growing bodies of scholarship concerned with the social and cultural lives of economic forms, this article tries to recover some of the complexity of contracts in creative work. While contracts might seem to reflect narrowly economic determinations, as mere instruments of commerce, sociological models emphasize their contingency and artifice. Moving toward and forward from such models, this article synthesizes a more socio cultural model, approaching contract as a scene of contestation, communication and constitution. It develops these themes in a series of engagements with predominant legal, economic and sociological models of contract; across these engagements, it draws upon and draws together cases of recording artists and film stars, while also drawing broader comparisons with other creative workers.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Kirstein, Roland, and Neil Rickman. "»Third Party Contingency« Contracts in Settlement and Litigation." Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 160, no. 4 (2004): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1628/0932456042776104.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Demir, Sercan, and Murat Erkoc. "Contingency Inventory Reservation for Low-Probability High-Impact Events." International Journal of Knowledge-Based Organizations 9, no. 2 (April 2019): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkbo.2019040101.

Full text
Abstract:
This article investigates reservation contracts for contingency inventory management between two buyers and a single supplier under a game theoretic framework. Two channel structures are considered in this context. In the first setting, the buyers simultaneously move to offer reservation fees to the supplier, who in turn, decides on the inventory amount she wants to carry for each buyer. In the second setting, the supplier moves first and offers nonrefundable-deductible reservation fees for the buyers, who respond with their respective reservation quantities. By reserving through a shared supplier, the buyers enable a contingency inventory pool which alleviates overage risk for the supplier and enables availability of products after low-probability high-impact events. Conditions for successful implementation of contingency reservation contracts are investigated. The results obtained for both channel structures were contrasted. It is shown that in a market where the buyers have more negotiation power, reservation contracts are more likely to achieve inventory buildup under relatively lower event probabilities.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Boehm, Susan, Elizabeth A. Schlenk, Martha M. Funnell, Holly Powers, and David L. Ronis. "Predictors of Adherence to Nutrition Recommendations in People With Non- Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus." Diabetes Educator 23, no. 2 (April 1997): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014572179702300206.

Full text
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine how the components of psychosocial adjustment to diabetes predict adherence to nutrition recommendations based on self-reported successful completion of contingency contracts. The relationships between the components of psychosocial adjustment and adherence to nutrition recommendations were examined in a convenience sample of patients with non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus participating in a contingency contracting intervention with nurses. Patients completed a standardized instrument, the Diabetes Care Profile, at the time they were enrolled into this randomized clinical trial. High and low levels of adherence to nutrition recommendations were identified by a median split of the number of contingency contracts completed for adherence to nutrition recommendations. Subjects who reported higher regimen adherence and a higher support ratio (received more diabetes-specific social support than desired) were significantly less likely to engage in contingency contracting for adherence to nutrition recommendations .
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Mayer, Kyle J., and Janet Bercovitz. "The influence of inertia on contract design: contingency planning in information technology service contracts." Managerial and Decision Economics 29, no. 2-3 (2008): 149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mde.1390.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
11

Shrestha, Kabindra K., and Pramen P. Shrestha. "A Contingency Cost Estimation System for Road Maintenance Contracts." Procedia Engineering 145 (2016): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.04.030.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
12

Petersen, Bent, and Kim Østergaard. "Reconciling contracts and relational governance through strategic contracting." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 33, no. 3 (April 3, 2018): 265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-09-2016-0223.

Full text
Abstract:
Purpose In an industrial marketing context of manufacturer–distributor collaboration, this law and economics paper aims to contrast two approaches to contracting: conventional and strategic. Design/methodology/approach Based on relational rent theory, this paper provides an analytical framework for juxtaposing conventional and strategic contracting. A contingency approach is applied to formulate propositions as to when conventional versus strategic contracting is preferable. Findings The distinction between conventional and strategic contracting has implications as to whether relational governance substitutes or complements formal contracts (the substitution versus complements perspectives). Strategic contracting results in complementarity (rather than substitutability) between formal contracts and relational governance. Research limitations/implications This paper argues that a more nuanced view on contract types, such as strategic versus conventional, may reconcile the enduring research controversy between the substitution and complements perspectives. Practical implications Today, formal contracts with foreign distributors tend to resemble “prenuptial agreements”. The opportunity for relational rent (e.g. manifested in higher export revenues) grows if conventional contracts are superseded by contracts following strategic contracting principles. Originality/value This study is interdisciplinary, not only by its combination of marketing, management and contractual economics but also through its law and economics amalgamation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
13

Hayes, Robert A., Lisa A. Efron, Gina S. Richman, Kelley A. Harrison, and Elizabeth L. Aguilera. "The Effects of Behavioural Contracting and Preferred Reinforcement on Appointment Keeping." Behaviour Change 17, no. 2 (June 1, 2000): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.17.2.90.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractThe current study demonstrates the efficacy of using a behavioural contingency contract in conjunction with family-selected reinforcers to increase appointment keeping among low income families in a child and family therapy clinic. Three families with similar presenting problems participated. A multiple baseline across-subjects design with the addition of a reversal component was utilised. Upon treatment implementation, contracts were signed by family members stating that they would receive coupons valuing $30.00 after attending four consecutive clinic appointments. These coupons were selected by the family from a diverse menu. Results indicated increases in appointment keeping following implementation of the behavioural contract. The cost effectiveness of using a behavioural contract in conjunction with economic incentives with low-income families is discussed, and suggestions for future research on appointment keeping are made.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
14

Chadi, Nicholas. "82.2 DRUG TESTING, BEHAVIOR CONTRACTS, AND CONTINGENCY MANAGEMENT: THE NUTS AND BOLTS." Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 58, no. 10 (October 2019): S118—S119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2019.07.599.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
15

Navarro, Jose I., Manuel Aguilar, Concepcion Aguilar, Concepcion Alcalde, and Esperanza Marchena. "Positive Behavioral Intervention in Children who Were Wards of the Court Attending a Mainstream School." Psychological Reports 101, no. 3_suppl (December 2007): 1067–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.101.4.1067-1078.

Full text
Abstract:
This report looked at the effects of treatment using contingency contracts and token economy procedures in three children, two 14 yr. and one 8 yr., who were wards of the court and attending a mainstream school. Students presented problems of adaptation to school, such as making constant noises with the mouth, hands, or pencil on the desk; frequently emitted raucous cries in the classroom; destruction of school resource materials; verbal aggression to classmates and teachers; verbal rejection of all academic work, refusing to do it, making negative comments prior to starting any school activity, in addition to lack of motivation for undertaking school activities. A 4-mo. individual treatment using contingency contracts and token economy behavioral procedures was implemented, with several follow-up sessions. The results indicated an adaptation of behavior to the school environment, confirmed by teachers, significantly reducing the incidence of insults, the destruction of school materials, and indolence during class sessions. These students are at high risk for social exclusion. Interventions have potential social importance in possible prevention of adult criminality, increasing academic achievement, and decreasing social exclusion.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
16

Oestmann, Peter. "VI. Streit um Anwaltskosten in der frühen Neuzeit." Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Germanistische Abteilung 132, no. 1 (August 1, 2015): 152–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/zrgga-2015-0109.

Full text
Abstract:
Argument about legal fees in the early modern period. Part 1: Methodic foundation, advocates’ contracts and payment modalities. Early modern records of proceedings consist mainly of advocates’ legal papers. Nevertheless, one does know just a little about the procurators and advocates and their cooperation with the legal parties, especially if they were no aristocrats, but subjects. However, if the parties did not pay their advocate and the advocates then asserted their fee claim in court, a number of records of proceedings have regularly survived and provide full information about the advocate’s and client’s relation. Next to the proxy, there was the commission as actual advocates’ contract. Regardless of the normative standards, the procurators drafted their contracts mostly as continuing obligations in addition with a yearly fixed fee. The contribution analyses and compares the practical contracting at the Imperial Chamber Court with the Imperial Aulic Council and the Wismar Court of Appeal. Herein the Arrha, an additional item on the invoice, and the attempt to assert contingency fees come into focus. Methodically, the paper pleads in favour of the history of legal practice, which in its valuations renounces itself mostly from the standards of normative sources.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
17

Mitropoulos, Angela. "The Time of the Contract: Insurance, Contingency, and the Arrangement of Risk." South Atlantic Quarterly 111, no. 4 (October 1, 2012): 763–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00382876-1724174.

Full text
Abstract:
This essay contends that the contractual is a technique for the reinstatement of a specifically capitalist determinism in the midst of uncertain circumstances and in the face of an indefinite future. Taking the indistinction between the time of life and that of work that characterizes post-Fordism and contingent labor as a point of departure, I note that this marks a traversal of the classically contractarian boundary between the temporally circumscribed sale of “one’s own labor” and life construed as property. Yet, rather than follow theories of the biopolitical in positing an ethics of life assumed to be prior to capitalism and that might furnish “natural limits” to it, or those of governmentality, which suggest that the amplified logics of risk and insurance have displaced right and its temporally delimited conditions, I present an analysis of the contractual through a critique of oikonomia (the law of the household). Focusing on the history of debates around insurance, the family wage and slavery, the actuarial and inoculation, I underline Locke’s reworkings of Aristotle, Pascal, and the Thomist transformation of contingency into necessity through the delineation of divine and temporal orders. Locke’s three temporal orders (divine providence, prudential self-management, and the naturalized, heritable properties of servitude) are not only recapitulated as assumption in ostensibly critical theory, but they have also—in the wake of a contested politics of the household that precipitated neoliberalism—been reconstituted as the neocontractualism of infinite and unbreakable contracts, interminable preparedness, and the displacement of capitalist incertitude onto the uninsurable risks of contingent labor.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
18

Sykes-Muskett, Bianca J., Andrew Prestwich, Rebecca J. Lawton, David M. Meads, and Christopher J. Armitage. "Exploration of likely engagement with Monetary Contingency Contracts for weight loss: a questionnaire study." Psychology, Health & Medicine 22, no. 10 (May 27, 2017): 1278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2017.1332373.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
19

Sykes-Muskett, Bianca J., Andrew Prestwich, Rebecca J. Lawton, and Christopher J. Armitage. "The utility of monetary contingency contracts for weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Health Psychology Review 9, no. 4 (July 14, 2015): 434–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2015.1030685.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
20

Ozer, Mine, and Seung-Hyun Lee. "When Do Firms Prefer Individual Action to Collective Action in The Pursuit of Corporate Political Strategy? A New Perspective on Industry Concentration." Business and Politics 11, no. 1 (April 2009): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1234.

Full text
Abstract:
In this study we advance the current research on corporate political strategy by examining how firms decide on their level of engagement in political action. This study proposes a contingency approach that identifies conditions in which firms prefer individual action to collective action in their pursuit of political strategy and introduces a framework that addresses this preference. Our results show that even in concentrated industries, a firm's preference of individual action over collective action varies when government contracts or research and development intensity are important considerations.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
21

Cameron, Jean R. "Oil Spill Risks from Nontank Vessels1." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2001, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2001-1-263.

Full text
Abstract:
ABSTRACT An issue of increasing concern worldwide is that of oil spills from nontank vessels that carry large quantities of petroleum product as fuel or lubricants. The New Carissa incident in Oregon in 1999 is only one of several that have impacted the U.S. West Coast in the last few years. Others include the M/V Kuroshima, which grounded in Dutch Harbor, Alaska in 1997, and the M/V Kure, which spilled oil in Humbolt Bay also in 1997. The Tenyo Maru was cut in half in a collision and sank with the loss of one life and a spill of at least 100,000 gallons of heavy fuel oil and diesel in Washington State in 1991. Additional examples of both spills and threats of spills are sited, both in the United States and worldwide. This paper examines a number of actions that have been taken in response to this threat. One such model is the Canadian requirement that vessel owner/operators demonstrate a formal agreement with an approved response contractor, and list that contractor in their Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan (SOPEP). A more comprehensive approach would be to establish approved “umbrella” contingency plans for major port areas, supported by contracts with oil spill removal organizations (OSROs). This preferred model has been adopted by the U.S. West Coast states, and affords the opportunity for the contracted responders to drill with emergency response officials, thus improving the likelihood of an efficient, coordinated spill response. This paper also proposes spill prevention design elements for nontank vessels.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
22

Simek, Thomas C., Richard M. O'Brien, and Lesli B. Figlerski. "Contracting and Chaining to Improve the Performance of a College Golf Team: Improvement and Deterioration." Perceptual and Motor Skills 78, no. 3_suppl (June 1994): 1099–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.78.3c.1099.

Full text
Abstract:
Recent work with operant procedures in sports has shown that feedback, reinforcement, and chaining can be effective techniques in improving performance. In many cases, however, a problem remains in getting the participants to practice the appropriate responses. In the present study, 14 college golfers were put on successive contingency contracts over three weeks to go through the Total Golf chaining-mastery program of Simek and O'Brien. Rewards consisted of activities such as spots on the starting team and the opportunity to play better courses as well as tangible rewards such as new golf balls. After the first two weeks of training, through 19 steps backward from the green, the mean of three posttraining rounds for these 14 golfers was 3.4 strokes lower than the mean of their three rounds at baseline. At this point, the coach did not follow through with the rewards promised in the second contract. Having been placed on extinction, only three of the 14 players followed through on the third contract. In this return to baseline-like condition an average increase of over two strokes for the team as a whole was noted. The number of steps of the chain mastered in practice and the difference between mean scores at baseline and the last measurement period correlated 86, indicating that 74% of the improvement in golf scores was accounted for by performance on the mastery chain.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
23

Sykes-Muskett, Bianca J., Andrew Prestwich, Rebecca J. Lawton, and Christopher J. Armitage. "The effect of pair-based monetary contingency contracts for weight loss: Results from a randomized controlled pilot study." Obesity 25, no. 3 (February 1, 2017): 506–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oby.21758.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
24

Aggarwal, Parv. "On de-risking and de-dollarizing intra-BRICS trade via smart contracts." BRICS Journal of Economics 4, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 54–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/2712-7508-2020-1-4-6.

Full text
Abstract:
This study explores the existing systemic barriers to intra-BRICS national currency use (“de-dollarization”) in currency swaps and trade finance. The author examines the current de-dollarization initiatives, as well as the actual levels of de-dollarization in Russia’s intra-BRICS settlements (as a representative sample), to find gaps between de-dollarization goals and current initiatives and offers a near-term phased solution to overcome these gaps and de-risk trade within BRICS. It is found that 1) the New Development Bank’s Contingency Reserve Arrangement has built-in systemic barriers which are preventing direct currency swaps between BRICS member states; 2) the Euro is replacing the Dollar as Russia’s preferred settlement currency within BRICS, indicating a gap between Russian traders’ settlement currency choice and BRICS de-dollarization priorities; and, furthermore, 3) while payment and settlement systems are being integrated and FinTech applications are being explored, efforts to fundamentally address the systemic market factors preventing national settlement use are missing. A phased solution is proposed to address the fundamental market barriers to national currencies by using smart contracts to de-risk intra-BRICS trade. Specific mechanisms are outlined to promote trade contracts in national currency and reduce dependency on both the Dollar/Euro and Western institutions (such as the IMF and Western commodities markets), a high-level architecture is proposed, and implementation considerations are discussed.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
25

Prentice, Barry E., Yui-Yip Lau, and Adolf K. Y. Ng. "Transport Airships for Scheduled Supply and Emergency Response in the Arctic." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (May 10, 2021): 5301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095301.

Full text
Abstract:
As climate change progresses, the Arctic Ocean creates opportunities for new resource development and navigation routes. Such economic opportunities are attractive, but carry with them an increased risk of accidents and oil spills. Existing methods of emergency response face enormous challenges in the Arctic because of its lack of transportation infrastructure and support services. Cargo airships offer a practical solution. Many airship designs are proposed that can carry over 30 tons, travel long distances at 150 km per hour, and land close to the emergency site. However, it is difficult to justify the economics of having enough capacity waiting and available to be marshaled in response to infrequent events. One solution is to develop a synergy with a new civilian cargo airship industry that can serve the regular transport needs of remote communities and mining operations. Through contingency contracts with these civilian operations, the Government of Canada could stretch its budgets and have access to the latest airship models and trained crews at locations across the Arctic. This paper gives valuable insight into the development of cargo airships. Advances in technology that make cargo airships a practical option in the 21st century are reviewed, and five competing airship designs are discussed. A case study of an existing rare earth mine proposal is used to illustrate the cost comparison of roads versus airships that could provide contingency services.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
26

Budworth, Luke, Andrew Prestwich, Bianca Sykes-Muskett, Khaledha Khatun, James Ireland, Faye Clancy, and Mark Conner. "A feasibility study to assess the individual and combined effects of financial incentives and monetary contingency contracts on physical activity." Psychology of Sport and Exercise 44 (September 2019): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2019.04.021.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
27

Krishnan, Balamurugan, Muralisachithanandam Ramalingam, and Dharmalingam Vellayutham. "Evolutionary Programming-based Simulation of Bilateral Real Power Contracts by Optimal Placement of Flexible AC Transmission System Devices Using Contingency Analysis." Electric Power Components and Systems 44, no. 7 (April 11, 2016): 806–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15325008.2015.1135490.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
28

Wigglesworth, Sarah. "‘WLTM caring contractor’: the dating game of Design and Build contracts." Architectural Research Quarterly 16, no. 3 (September 2012): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135513000055.

Full text
Abstract:
The standard construction contract in the UK, such as JCT 2005, is designed to balance time, quality and cost. Typically, the contract documents consist of a bespoke design described by a full package of drawings and a specification describing quality, techniques and materials. These enable a contractor to offer a fixed price for the work and establish a programme and the aim is to provide a level of financial security that leaves little to error or to contingent forces. That, at least, is the theory. In practice, there are few contracts that run as smoothly as the theory suggests, which accounts for the myriad case law in this area.In preparing the contract documents, an architect conventionally begins their work by acting as agent for the client. Once appointed, s/he develops the brief with the client and/or users, designs the building and guides the scheme through the regulatory system, describing it in sufficient detail to allow a contractor to arrive at an accurate cost. After this, the ways in which a building can be procured can vary considerably. This article focuses on what happens under a Design and Build (D&B) contract.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
29

Chebanova, Natalia, Victoria Orlova, Liliy Revutska, and M. Karpushenko. "Identification, Measurement and Reflection of Risks in Accounting." SHS Web of Conferences 67 (2019): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196701001.

Full text
Abstract:
In the modern environment, the company constantly faces various types of risks in its business activities. Therefore, the problem of identifying and measuring risks is extremely relevant. The article proposes a scheme for managing financial risks, which includes identifying risk factors, determining the permissible risk level, analyzing individual transactions, developing risk mitigation measures. The article proposes to create the following funds, reserves and collateral: a bad debts reserve, provision for warranty service of clients, provision for social orientation, provision for restructuring, provision for burdensome contracts, fiscal (tax) reserves, commercial, industrial, informational risk reserves, future costs and payments reserve, legal provisions, provisions for impairment of assets, reserve fund. Risks should be taken only if the level of return on risky operations exceeds the level of risk. The issue of the choice of certain reserves, funds and provisions is regulated by the accounting policy of the enterprise, where their types and the order of their creation should be clearly defined. Such measures allow planning contingency expenses and informing users of financial statements of future risk events.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
30

Nnubia, Chibuzor. "CLEAN NIGERIA ASSOCIATES LIMITED: DEVELOPMENT, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE OF AN AFRICAN OIL SPILL CO-OPERATIVE." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (May 1, 2008): 1123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2008-1-1123.

Full text
Abstract:
ABSTRACT Clean Nigeria Associates Limited (CNA) was established in 1981 by oil companies operating in Nigeria as a non-profit second tier oil spill response organization. The primary objective was to provide a pool resource of oil spill response equipment, fast and effective second tier oil spill response capabilities, and expertise to aid members of the association in combating oil spills as a back up to any such capability kept by individual members. CNA Oil Spill Response equipment and materials are currently stocked in Nigeria in two main bases (Onne and Warri) and two satellite bases (Kaduna and Eket) in Nigeria. The main bases became effectively active in 1985 when most of the equipments were purchased for CNA by Halliburton Nigeria Limited who was then the procurement and operating contractor. The CNA stockpiles seven general types of oil spill response equipment/materials as follows:1. Fast Response Vessels and Flat Bottom Boats2. Offshore and inland Containment Booms3. Skimmers and Pumps4. Dispersant Spraying System5. Sorbents6. Vehicles7. Communication Equipment Currently, CNA has three outsourced contracts - operations, warehousing and vehicle leasing. Also, upgrade activities are in progress to position CNA to play its role as enshrined in the newly established Nigerian National Oil Spill Contingency Plan. This paper describes the history, development, challenges and future of CNA the first oil spill co-operative in Africa and its role in the rapidly changing Nigerian energy scene. It will also examine the method in which it functions as well as oil spills to which it has responded.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
31

Chuang, Emmeline, Bowen McBeath, Sarah Carnochan, and Michael J. Austin. "Relational Mechanisms in Complex Contracting: Factors Associated with Private Managers’ Satisfaction with and Commitment to the Contract Relationship." Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 30, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 257–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muz021.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract The complexity of human service delivery means that contracts are often incomplete or contingent. When contracted services or products are complex, relational contracting can function as a critical informal accountability mechanism. This study introduces and tests a conceptual framework of relational processes and organizational factors hypothesized to inform private human service contract outcomes. Data from a 2015 survey of private nonprofit and for-profit human service organizations in five counties are used to examine factors associated with two proximal indicators of success in human service contracting: commitment to and satisfaction with the contract relationship. Findings provide support for our conceptual framework, highlight the multidimensional nature of trust and commitment, and identify key differences in the relational processes associated with commitment and satisfaction to the contract relationship. Communication quality, trust, and flexibility were associated with satisfaction, whereas interdependence, flexibility, and asset specificity were associated with longer-term commitment to the contract relationship. For-profit ownership was associated with lower commitment and satisfaction. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
32

Battigalli, Pierpaolo, and Giovanni Maggi. "Rigidity, Discretion, and the Costs of Writing Contracts." American Economic Review 92, no. 4 (August 1, 2002): 798–817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/00028280260344470.

Full text
Abstract:
In this paper we model contract incompleteness “from the ground up,” as arising endogenously from the costs of describing the environment and the parties' behavior. Optimal contracts may exhibit two forms of incompleteness: discretion, meaning that the contract does not specify the parties' behavior with sufficient detail; and rigidity, meaning that the parties' obligations are not sufficiently contingent on the external state. The model sheds light on the determinants of rigidity and discretion in contracts, and yields rich predictions regarding the impact of changes in the exogenous parameters on the degree and form of contract incompleteness.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
33

Sadeh, Arye, Dov Dvir, and Aaron Shenhar. "The Role of Contract Type in the Success of R&D Defense Projects under Increasing Uncertainty." Project Management Journal 31, no. 3 (September 2000): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875697280003100303.

Full text
Abstract:
This study attempts to reveal the effect of the contract type on the success of defense projects contingent with the level of technological uncertainty existing at the beginning of the project. Based on data collected on 110 defense development projects performed in Israel, it was found that when technological uncertainty at the start of projects is high, cost-plus contracts result in better performance. Fixed-price contracts are better suited for projects with lower levels of technological uncertainty. A combination of cost-plus and fixed-price contracts is suggested for use in projects suffering from high technological uncertainty, starting with a cost-plus contract for the early stages of the project and switching to a fixed-price contract when the uncertainty is reduced.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
34

Davies, Gail, Richard Gorman, Beth Greenhough, Pru Hobson-West, Robert G. W. Kirk, Reuben Message, Dmitriy Myelnikov, et al. "Animal research nexus: a new approach to the connections between science, health and animal welfare." Medical Humanities 46, no. 4 (February 19, 2020): 499–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medhum-2019-011778.

Full text
Abstract:
Animals used in biological research and testing have become integrated into the trajectories of modern biomedicine, generating increased expectations for and connections between human and animal health. Animal research also remains controversial and its acceptability is contingent on a complex network of relations and assurances across science and society, which are both formally constituted through law and informal or assumed. In this paper, we propose these entanglements can be studied through an approach that understands animal research as a nexus spanning the domains of science, health and animal welfare. We introduce this argument through, first, outlining some key challenges in UK debates around animal research, and second, reviewing the way nexus concepts have been used to connect issues in environmental research. Third, we explore how existing social sciences and humanities scholarship on animal research tends to focus on different aspects of the connections between scientific research, human health and animal welfare, which we suggest can be combined in a nexus approach. In the fourth section, we introduce our collaborative research on the animal research nexus, indicating how this approach can be used to study the history, governance and changing sensibilities around UK laboratory animal research. We suggest the attention to complex connections in nexus approaches can be enriched through conversations with the social sciences and medical humanities in ways that deepen appreciation of the importance of path-dependency and contingency, inclusion and exclusion in governance and the affective dimension to research. In conclusion, we reflect on the value of nexus thinking for developing research that is interdisciplinary, interactive and reflexive in understanding how accounts of the histories and current relations of animal research have significant implications for how scientific practices, policy debates and broad social contracts around animal research are being remade today.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
35

Wilkie, A. D., H. R. Waters, and S. Yang. "Reserving, Pricing and Hedging For Policies with Guaranteed Annuity Options." British Actuarial Journal 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2003): 263–391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357321700004219.

Full text
Abstract:
ABSTRACTIn this paper we consider reserving and pricing methodologies for a pensions-type contract with a simple form of guaranteed annuity option. We consider only unit-linked contracts, but our methodologies and, to some extent, our numerical results would apply also to with-profits contracts.The Report of the Annuity Guarantees Working Party (Bolton et al., 1997), presented the results of a very interesting survey, as at the end of 1996, of life assurance companies offering guaranteed annuity options. There was no consensus at that time among the companies on how to reserve for such options. The Report discussed several approaches to reserving, but concluded that it was unable to recommend a single approach. This paper is an attempt to fill that gap.We investigate two approaches to reserving and pricing. In the first sections of the paper we consider quantile, and conditional tail expectation, reserves. The methodology we adopt here is very close to that proposed by the Maturity Guarantees Working Party in its Report to the profession (Ford et al., 1980). We show how these policies could have been reserved for in 1985, and what would have been the outcome of using the proposed method.In a later section we consider the feasibility of using option pricing methodology to dynamically hedge a guaranteed annuity option. It is shown that this is possible within the context of the model we propose, but we submit that, in practical terms, dynamic hedging is not a complete solution to the problem since suitable tradeable assets do not in practice exist.Finally, we describe several enhancements to our models and methodology, which would make them even more realistic, though generally they would have the effect of increasing the required contingency reserves
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
36

Yu, Yimin, and Xiangyin Kong. "Robust Contract Designs: Linear Contracts and Moral Hazard." Operations Research 68, no. 5 (September 2020): 1457–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/opre.2020.1994.

Full text
Abstract:
Linear contracts and their variants are quite popular in practice, for example, salesforce incentives and chief executive officer compensation. However, agency theory typically stipulates complex contract forms. Yimin Yu and Xiangyin Kong provide an alternative explanation for the popularity of linear contracts: the robustness to model uncertainty renders the linear or generalized linear forms of the contracts under moral hazard. They adopt the worst-case decision criterion, and robust incentive compatibility to ensure that the agent always behaves. The results are robust to general effort-contingent distributions and the risk-averse agent. These findings also shed light on how to design robust contracts when firms are facing model uncertainty or incomplete model information.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
37

Gonda-Kotani, Chiaki, and Glen W. White. "The effects of contingency contracts and performance feedback on completing data entries to self-monitor community participation of people with physical disabilities: An ecological momentary study." Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community 45, no. 2 (March 13, 2017): 86–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2017.1281042.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
38

Sao Joao, Erica Ann. "COVID-19 and Hospitality Operations: What happened and what’s next?" African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure 10(1), no. 10(1) (February 28, 2021): 318–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-103.

Full text
Abstract:
Unlike other global natural-, industrial- and intentional disasters of the past, if any impact was felt in South Africa, it was due to uncertainty within the tourism sector and guests being hesitant to travel. COVID-19 has had an economic and catastrophic impact on hospitality businesses, and particularly in the South African hospitality industry, resulting in changes in how the industry operates. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether reactions to lockdown and the subsequent collapse of domestic and international travel should have been approached differently, and what hospitality leaders anticipate for the near future of the industry. The significance of the study is to highlight that better planning should have occurred to have reduced the negative impact of the disaster. Returned emailed qualitative questionnaires from hospitality industry partners provided insight into the weeks before lockdown. The results indicate that there was a contingency plan in place within the larger hospitality operations but the timing was too short to allow adequate implementation. Smaller operations have been the most affected, with losses of contracts, employee incomes, and positions. The economic effects on the operations will require months to resolve, with many smaller operators not being able to survive.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
39

Nam, Seung. "How Much Are Insurance Consumers Willing to Pay for Blockchain and Smart Contracts? A Contingent Valuation Study." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (November 21, 2018): 4332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114332.

Full text
Abstract:
Blockchain is highly secure in design and can hand huge data efficiently. A smart contract, based on a blockchain, can automate the entire process and make the contract self-executing in nature. Since the first introduction of these technologies in the 1990s, they have been at the center interest for academia and industry. Numerous researchers and practitioners have investigated the principles and usage of blockchain and smart contracts. However, little is coincidental regarding estimating the consumer’s additional willingness to pay (WTP) and analyzing the relationship with socio-economic characteristics of the consumer for blockchain and smart contracts in the insurance sector. This study conducted the survey on 1000 heads of the household or homemakers who represent population well in South Korea and estimated additional WTP using one-and-one-half-bounded dichotomous choice contingent valuation (OOHB DC CV) method. About 65% of sample respondents answered they are willing to pay some additional premium for blockchain and smart contracts. The mean WTP has the value of KRW 28,425.43 (USD 25.38) and the median WTP is KRW 16,111.71 (USD 14.39). Those with high incomes, high education and more insurance contracts are more likely to pay extra for insurance policies using blockchain and smart contracts. Considering the total number of households in South Korea, the aggregated additional WTP is about 8 percent of the net income of the insurance industry in fiscal year of 2017. Consequently, strategic development of insurance products using block chains and smart contracts targeting educated consumers with high-income will increase the number of policyholders, which can in turn increase premium revenues.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
40

Mu-Zhen, Lu. "OIL SPILL PREVENTION AND TREATMENT IN OFFSHORE OIL INDUSTRY OF CHINA." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1989, no. 1 (February 1, 1989): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1989-1-235.

Full text
Abstract:
ABSTRACT The China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC), established in October 1982, is the sole Chinese company dealing with offshore oil exploration, development, and production. It has four regional corporations, and four specialized corporations, as well as seventeen joint venture corporations. CNOOC has four representative offices outside China. Since the Sino-foreign cooperation for offshore oil exploration and development in China started, 360,000 line km of seismic survey have been shot, thirty-nine oil and gas bearing structures have been found, fifteen oil fields have been evaluated as having large hydrocarbon accumulations, nine oil fields have been developed and put into production, 179 exploratory wells have been drilled, and CNOOC has signed thirty-nine contracts with a total of forty-five foreign companies from twelve countries. There are five laws and regulations in the PRC affecting offshore oil development and marine environmental pollution. In accord with these laws and regulations, CNOOC has reviewed four environmental impact statements for offshore oil fields received from its regional corporations. CNOOC has made oil spill contingency plans for the Cheng-Bei offshore oil field in Bo-Hai, and the Wei 10-3 offshore oil field in the Gulf of Bei-Bu. Some oil spill combating equipment is owned by the Bo-Hai Oil Corporation and the Nan-Hai West Oil Corporation, selected on the basis of the crude oil characteristics.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
41

Munn, Luke. "From the Black Atlantic to Black-Scholes." Cultural Politics 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 92–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/17432197-8017284.

Full text
Abstract:
Rather than being unprecedented, contemporary technologies are the most sophisticated instances of a long-standing dream: if space could be more comprehensively captured and coded, it could be more intensively capitalized. Two moments within this lineage are explored: maritime insurance of slave ships in the eighteenth century, and the Black-Scholes model of option pricing from the twentieth century. Maritime insurance rendered the unknown space of the ocean knowable and therefore profitable. By collecting information at Lloyds, merchants developed a map of threat within the Atlantic, and by writing a 10 percent buffer into slave-ship contracts they internalized contingency. This codification of risk pressured captains and established a logic for the violence enacted on the ship’s human “cargo.” The Black-Scholes formula of option pricing sought to codify the ocean of risk represented by the financial market. The formula mapped stock movements into a knowable stochastic equation. Traders could quantify and hedge against the unpredictable, rendering the stock market a space of riskless profit. However, the 2008 financial crash demonstrated the limits of spatial calculation. Taken together, these two moments demonstrate the historical continuity of a core imperative to exhaustively capitalize space. This historicization also foregrounds the racialized inequalities coded within these informatic logics. Against the bright innovation narratives of technology, this article stresses a longer and darker lineage based on inequality and dispossession.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
42

Zhang, Tao, and Liping Qian. "Investing in IT: a new method for improving the efficiency of contract governance in interfirm relationships." Industrial Management & Data Systems 120, no. 6 (May 29, 2020): 1245–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-10-2019-0538.

Full text
Abstract:
PurposeThis study aims to enhance our understanding of how advanced IT improves the efficiency of contract governance in mitigating partners' opportunistic behaviors in interfirm cooperation and the moderating effects of boundary spanners' personal relationships and cooperative orientation.Design/methodology/approachContract governance is divided into two subdimensions: contract completeness and contract execution safeguards. Then, the hypotheses are examined using partial least squares–based structural equation modeling based on survey data collected from manufacturers in supply chain relationships.FindingsThe results first demonstrate that advanced IT can improve efficiency in both the design of complete contracts and the provision of contract execution safeguards. Second, the results also show that both the personal relationships between boundary spanners and the cooperative orientation of the firm have different moderating effects. Finally, contract execution safeguards are effective in mitigating partners' opportunistic behaviors, whereas contract completeness is not.Originality/valueThis study enriches the contract governance literature in two ways. First, it unveils how advanced IT improves the efficiency of contract governance and the effects of two contingent factors (i.e. personal relationships and cooperative orientation), thus extending the research on contract governance. Second, it reveals the different effects of contract completeness and contract execution safeguards on partners' opportunistic behaviors, thus deepening our understanding of the role of contracts in interfirm cooperation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
43

Lee, Gregory. "Towards a contingent model of key staff retention: The new psychological contract reconsidered." South African Journal of Business Management 32, no. 1 (March 31, 2001): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v32i1.711.

Full text
Abstract:
Theories and evidence of widespread changes in employment relationships abound in literature. The organisational environment is increasingly characterised by mandates of flexibility, reorganisation, reengineering and downsizing. As a result, traditional perceptions of what is owed between an employee and an organisation are subject to reappraisal. Such perceptions are encapsulated by the concept of the ‘psychological contract’. Evidence suggests that in the transient global business environment, the psychological contract of employees and organisational representatives may be shifting towards a far more transactional paradigm. Transactional contracts describe perceptions that employment obligations are more short-term, work content based and less relational. However in the case of key employee groups, such transactional relationships may conflict with an organisation’s need to retain its core skills and knowledge that form one of its only truly sustainable competitive advantages. Therefore divergent and varied psychological contracts increase the difficulty of decisions regarding the long-term retention of key employees. An explanatory model is therefore presented here, allowing for the various permutations and effects on key staff retention that may arise from such differing perceptions. Organisational solutions and research propositions are suggested for future research.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
44

VERMA, A. K., and V. VIJAY VENU. "ADEQUACY-BASED POWER SYSTEM RELIABILITY STUDIES IN THE DEREGULATED ENVIRONMENT." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 15, no. 02 (April 2008): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539308002988.

Full text
Abstract:
The onset of deregulation in the electric power sector in the recent years has brought to the fore several pronounced issues related to reliability management, necessitating a revamping of the metrics. The element of markets and economic trading introduced in the operations of power systems has seen a paradigm shift even in the way customer-say is incorporated into the reliability apportioning. In order to better appreciate the sea-changes brought forward by deregulation, identification of areas of evolving reliability research in the regulated regime goes a long way in dealing with their deregulated counterparts. This paper caters to the view to provide a pointer to the significant issues that can profoundly impact the reliability studies in the liberalized environment. Emphasis in this paper is placed on a bilateral market structure, where all participants of competitive trading have mutually agreed upon pre-defined contracts to trade energy. With a view to improvise upon the existing nascent reliability network equivalent techniques, a realistic state space selection methodology, crucial to the contingency effects' evaluation is proposed, which makes a novel use of power flow tracing procedures. This research work is intended to pave the way for robust reliability models that take into account all the structural and consequent operational transmutations in power systems, yielding a concrete possibility of implementing non-uniform reliability as per the user requirements — a situation that was not feasible in the earlier regime.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
45

Deb, Rahul, and Debasis Mishra. "Implementation With Contingent Contracts." Econometrica 82, no. 6 (November 2014): 2371–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta11561.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
46

Yoon, Kiho. "Implementability with contingent contracts." Economics Letters 188 (March 2020): 108966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2020.108966.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
47

Úlfsson, Tryggvi Örn. "Possibility of Science, Impossibility of Miracles: Léon Brunschvicg against Quentin Meillassoux." Praktyka Teoretyczna 28, no. 2 (October 15, 2018): 124–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/prt.2018.2.6.

Full text
Abstract:
The article argues that, while Quentin Meillassoux‘s project, undertaken in After Finitude, merits attention, since the French philosopher is right that faith in sciences‘ capacity to open up new domains to thought must be restored, the solutions he offers have two serious shortcomings. 1) His depiction of science as the producer of ancestral statements does not capture satisfactorily the essence of scientific creativity. 2) The claim that everything is necessarily contingent is fundamentally incompatible with scientific knowledge. The article, then, contrasts Meillassoux‘s principle of the necessity of contingency with a principle that is extracted from the historical epistemology of Léon Brunschvicg and Antoine-Augustin Cournot. Instead of a principle of unreason, the article defends a principle of a metamorphosing reason founded on the practical impossibility of irreducible contingency.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
48

Bacchiega, Emanuele, Olivier Bonroy, and Emmanuel Petrakis. "Contract contingency in vertically related markets." Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 27, no. 4 (May 14, 2018): 772–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jems.12252.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
49

KAJISA, KEI, and TAKESHI SAKURAI. "Efficiency and equity in groundwater markets: the case of Madhya Pradesh, India." Environment and Development Economics 10, no. 6 (November 21, 2005): 801–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x05002536.

Full text
Abstract:
This paper examines efficiency and equity in groundwater markets with special attention to output sharing contracts and to the bargaining relationships between sellers and buyers, using household level data from Madhya Pradesh, India. Regression results find no significant inefficiency on farms managed by output sharing buyers, presumably because optimal input intensities are achieved through effective monitoring and contract adherence mechanisms embedded in long-term and intensive personal relationships between sellers and buyers. As for equity, the finding is that, while output sharing buyers pay higher water prices, the rate of premiums is merely 5 percentage points higher than the informal interest rate that they would have had to carry under other types of groundwater contracts. The results also show that buyers who have access to alternative water sellers pay lower water prices. These findings indicate that if the imperfection of credit and contingent markets in rural areas are taken into account, informal groundwater markets work fairly well in agrarian communities if monitoring and contract adherence mechanisms are embedded and a sufficient number of potential sellers are available.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
50

Chillemi, Ottorino, Stefano Galavotti, and Benedetto Gui. "Optimal contracts with contingent allocation." Economics Letters 192 (July 2020): 109202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109202.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the bibliographies on the topic 'Contingency Contracts' for other source types:
Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography