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Kleczka, Bernadette, Pratap Kumar, Mercy Karimi Njeru, Anita Musiega, Phoebe Wekesa, Grace Rabut, and Michael Marx. "Using rubber stamps and mobile phones to help understand and change antibiotic prescribing behaviour in private sector primary healthcare clinics in Kenya." BMJ Global Health 4, no. 5 (September 2019): e001422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001422.
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BackgroundAntibiotic use in primary care can drive antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the community. However, our understanding of antibiotic prescribing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) stems mostly from hospital-based studies or prescription/sales records, with little information available on routine primary care practices. We used an innovative, paper-to-digital documentation approach to deliver routine data and understand antibiotic use for common infections in low-resource primary healthcare clinics (PHCs).MethodsRubber stamps were introduced in nine private sector PHCs serving Nairobi’s informal settlements to ‘print-on-demand’ clinical documentation templates into paper charts. The intervention included one mobile phone per PHC to take and share images of filled templates, guideline compilation booklets and monthly continuing medical education (CME) sessions. Templates for upper respiratory tract (URTI), urinary tract (UTI), sexually transmitted (STI) and gastrointestinal infection (GI) management were used in eight PHCs. Information in templates from 889 patient encounters was digitised from smartphone images, analysed, and fed back to clinicians during monthly CME sessions. UTI charts (n=130 and 96, respectively) were audited preintervention and postintervention for quality of clinical documentation and management.ResultsAntibiotics were prescribed in 94.3%±1.6% of all patient encounters (97.3% in URTI, 94.2% in UTI, 91.6% in STI and 91.3% in GI), with 1.4±0.4 antibiotics prescribed per encounter. Clinicians considered antibiotic use appropriate in only 58.6% of URTI and 47.2% of GI cases. While feedback did not affect the number of antibiotics prescribed for UTIs, the use of nitrofurantoin, an appropriate, narrow-spectrum antibiotic, increased (9.2% to 29.9%; p<0.0001) and use of broad spectrum quinolones decreased (30.0% to 16.1%; p<0.05).ConclusionAntibiotic use for common infections is high in private sector PHCs in Kenya, with both knowledge and ‘know-do’ gaps contributing to inappropriate prescription. Paper-based templates in combination with smartphone technologies can sustainably deliver routine primary care case management data to support the battle against AMR.
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Siundu, Godwin. "The Nairobi Tradition of Literature." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 131, no. 5 (October 2016): 1548–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2016.131.5.1548.
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I Have Taught Literature at the University Of Nairobi Since 2009. Previously, I Taught at Masinde Muliro University and at Moi University. From my experience at the three universities, I can trace, in hindsight, two dominant influences on my knowledge of literature and expectations of how it ought to be conceived and taught. First is my graduate training at Moi University, in Kenya, and at the University of the Witwatersrand, in South Africa, where I was encouraged to see literature as a broad discipline that speaks to others in the humanities and in the social and natural sciences in terms of concerns, research methodology, and, especially, analytic tools. The second influence is the academic composition and orientation of the literature departments, as shaped by the politics of development. In the face of two competing forces—on the one hand, the Kenyan government and its preoccupation with development as an ideal and a pretext for de-emphasizing the teaching of some humanities disciplines and, on the other, the neoliberal political economy that gave rise to nongovernmental organizations' setting the scholarship research agenda in Kenya—literary academics seemed to be torn three ways: using the discipline and their knowledge of it to position themselves for government appointments, pursuing nongovernmental-organizations-funded research, or continuing to teach literature in the ways that they know. Those who chose the third option were also equipped with an institutional memory of the discipline as they were taught, the department, and its practices. Because, of these three groups, I have interacted the most with members of the third, my reflections here focus on them exclusively.
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Makumi, David. "A Synopsis of Continuing Nursing Education in Kenya." Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing 25, no. 3 (May 1994): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0022-0124-19940501-10.
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O'Hara, H. B., H. A. C. M. Voeten, A. G. Kuperus, J. M. Otido, J. Kusimba, J. D. F. Habbema, J. J. Bwayo, and J. O. Ndinya-Achola. "Quality of health education during STD case management in Nairobi, Kenya." International Journal of STD & AIDS 12, no. 5 (May 2001): 315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462011923156.
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Ahmed, Zohra. "Youth at the nexus: ideology in HIV prevention in Nairobi, Kenya." Sex Education 11, no. 02 (May 25, 2011): 129–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14681811.2011.558422.
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Chabeda-Barthe, Jemaiyo, Timothy Wambua, Wangui Chege, Dan Hwaga, Timothy Gakuo, and Gladys Rotich. "Child Developmental Disabilities, Caregivers’ Role in Kenya and Its Implications on Global Migration." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 6 (March 20, 2019): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061010.
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Background: This paper is a summary of the findings from an ethnographic study on child developmental disabilities conducted partly in Nairobi and Kiambu Counties in Kenya. Methods: Quantitative and qualitative data collection methods were applied for the period between mid August and mid November 2018. The study was conducted through the Kenya Institute of Special Education (KISE) situated in Nairobi County. Results: There are parents who are willing to migrate in search of better education and healthcare options for their children who have developmental disabilities (DDs). However, there are also government reforms taking place in the field of disability that may help to support the caregiving role for children with special needs. The challenges, bargaining position and power play between parents or guardians and other actors implicated in the debates on inclusion and integration of persons with developmental disabilities in Kenya has been brought to the forefront. Conclusions: In Kenya, more needs to be done to change the attitude towards disability from the medical and moral (religious/cultural) models to an approach leaning towards the social model, so that developmental disabilities are not viewed negatively.
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Ojuka, Daniel, Faith Aseta, Beth Githambo, and Brian Wambua. "The Medical Education Environment at the University of Nairobi, Kenya: An Assessment with the DREEM Tool." Annals of African Surgery 18, no. 2 (April 23, 2021): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/aas.v18i2.7.
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Background: The supportive learning environment can enhance impartating of knowledge and skills.
Objective: To assess the learning environment at the School of Medicine of the University of Nairobi using the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure(DREEM) tool.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey carried in 2019 out among medical students during their clinical years to obtain their perceptions about the learning environment at the School of Medicine of the University of Nairobi. The DREEM tool was used for the survey. Data were entered and analyzed in SPSS version19. Comparisons were performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). p≤0.05 was consideredstatistically significant.
Results: We obtained 619 responses (77.4%) from 800 tools distributed. The total mean score of DREEM was 93.3/200. This is a 46.7%score overall indicating a poor perception of the learning environment. Year IV was the class with the poorest perception with a p<0.05. Conclusion: The DREEM score shows numerous problems, with perception of learning and social support being the areas requiring themost improvement. Although teachers are knowledgeable, students are wary of their ability to transfer knowledge and skills.
Keywords: Learning environment, DREEM, Medical students
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Kusimba, J., H. A. C. M. Voeten, H. B. O'Hara, J. M. Otido, J. D. F. Habbema, J. O. Ndinya-Achola, and J. J. Bwayo. "Traditional healers and the management of sexually transmitted diseases in Nairobi, Kenya." International Journal of STD & AIDS 14, no. 3 (March 1, 2003): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646203762869223.
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To describe the role of traditional healers in STD case management, in-depth interviews were held with 16 healers (seven witchdoctors, five herbalists and four spiritual healers) in four slum areas in Nairobi, Kenya. All healers believed that STDs are sexually transmitted and recognized the main symptoms. The STD-caseload varied largely, with a median of one patient per week. Witchdoctors and herbalists dispensed herbal medication for an average of seven days, whereas spiritual healers prayed. Thirteen healers gave advice on sexual abstinence during treatment, 11 on contact treatment, four on faithfulness and three on condom use. All healers asked patients to return for review and 13 reported referring patients whose conditions persist to public or private health care facilities. Thus, traditional healers in Nairobi play a modest but significant role in STD management. Their contribution to STD health education could be strengthened, especially regarding the promotion of condoms and faithfulness.
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Kabiru, Caroline W., and Pamela Orpinas. "Correlates of Condom Use Among Male High School Students in Nairobi, Kenya." Journal of School Health 79, no. 9 (September 2009): 425–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2009.00430.x.
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Bett, Harry, and Lazarus Makewa. "Can Facebook groups enhance continuing professional development of teachers? Lessons from Kenya." Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education 48, no. 2 (November 6, 2018): 132–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1359866x.2018.1542662.
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Peter, Kabare T., Mercelline N. Waswa, and Antone O. Oloo. "THE UNEMPLOYMENT PUZZLE AN INSURGENCE TO INSECURITY IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA." Journal of Security Studies and Global Politics 3, no. 2 (December 15, 2018): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.33865/jssgp.003.02.0141.
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A global crisis that has left continents and countries wage a lingering battle to their recession as they put up an inspirited battle to form a concerted approach to solve the puzzle. This global phenomenon has formed a base of linking it to a number of security insurgence that seems to affect their development hence developing their own ingenuity to survive. This study will look forward to unravel the puzzle of unemployment in relation to insecurity in Kenya. The study will be guided by the following objectives: To examine the alternatives that the government has put in place to curb unemployment, to evaluate the social contract in addressing the job challenges looms and lastly to respond to the increasing demands of security insurgence. The study will be informed and directed by an interdisciplinary approach by use of the Second Law of thermodynamics in explaining the cause and effect in the looming job challenges called the Law of Entropy. The study found out that institutional decay (through nepotism), education (inclusive growth), Governance (governments and accruing economic strife) are some of the key components of the unemployment puzzle towards insecurity and sustainable peace.
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Jepchumba, Violet, Simon Karanja, Evans Amukoye, Lawrence Muthami, and Hillary Kipruto. "Timing and Determinants of Tuberculosis Treatment Interruption in Nairobi County, Kenya." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v6i3.8475.
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Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is a key pillar in the management and control of TB. Service delivery within the treatment facilities plays an important role in ensuring treatment adherence by TB patients. A prospective cohort study involving 25 health facilities, 25 facility in-charge officers and 291 patients diagnosed as new sputum smear positive (SM+) between December 2014 and July 2015 was undertaken. The aim of the study was to estimate the median time to treatment interruption, associated factors and overall predictors of non-adherence to TB treatment. A total of 19 (6.5%) treatment interruptions were observed. The median time to default was 56 [95% CI, 36-105] days. Treatment in a non-public facility [AOR=0.210, 95% CI (0.046-0.952)] and facilities perceived to have adequate number of health care workers to offer Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) [AOR=0.195, 95% CI (0.068-0.56)] showed a lower odds of treatment interruption whereas attainment of secondary level education [AOR=5.28, 95% CI (1.18-23.59)] indicated a higher odds of treatment interruption. Non-clinical aspects of health care service delivery influence patient adherence to TB treatment. Health seeking behavior of groups considered to be high risk for treatment interruption should be incorporated into the design and delivery of TB treatment.
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Gakuru, Anastasia Nyawira, Joseph Mwinzi, Joseph Nungu, and Samson Gunga. "Integration of e-Consumer Elements in Adult and Community Education." International Journal of Learning and Development 11, no. 3 (September 18, 2021): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v11i3.18923.
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Kenya, like other countries in Africa and across the world is in the grip of technological advances leading its agencies and parastatals to digitize their operations. A pertinent question, therefore, is whether adult and community education, in its current packaging in Kenya, is empowering the participants to engage in using e-consumer services actively, meaningfully, and in beneficial ways in their daily transactions. This study, therefore, sought to investigate the level of integration of e-Consumer elements in Adult and Community Education. The study adopted a mixed-method research study targeting adult learners in Nairobi County, adult education officers, and adult education instructors. The study collected data using interviews and questionnaires. The study established that integration of ICT services in adult centers is still facing numerous challenges which are evident by the poor use of e-consumer services by the adult learners.
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Watson, Julia. "Marywood Librarians Teach in Africa." Pennsylvania Libraries: Research & Practice 1, no. 1 (April 15, 2013): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/palrap.2013.17.
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Librarians Leslie Christianson and Julie Watson from Marywood University have been working to educate Catholic nuns in Africa. Funded by a grant from the Conrad N. Hilton Foundation, the Higher Education for Sisters in Africa (HESA) project is a partnership between Marywood University and Catholic University of Eastern Africa (CUEA) in Nairobi, Kenya.
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Floyd, Malcolm. "Music Makers: cultural perspectives in textbook development in Kenya, 1985–1995." British Journal of Music Education 20, no. 3 (October 29, 2003): 291–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026505170300545x.
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This article draws on my other writings about developments in the teaching of music in Kenya, and on the decision to promote traditional musics and to make music one of the compulsory examinable subjects at the end of primary school. It considers two textbooks published by Oxford University Press in Nairobi: Music Makers for Standards 7 and 8, by Brian Hocking and me, was issued in 1985, and Music Makers for Standards 5 and 6, this time with George Mutura as co-author, was published in 1989. The music education syllabus was revised in 1993, and both books were adapted to adjust the placing and progression of the material. This case study sets out the background of developments in Kenyan educational policy, notes the changes in curricular music, explores how the adaptation happened in practice, tracks the process, comments on its implications and considers responses to the completed project.
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Cheruiyot, S. K., T. L. Thurow, and D. K. Too. "Range Science Leadership Development in Kenya: A Continuing Legacy of Graduate Education." Rangelands 29, no. 4 (August 2007): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/1551-501x(2007)29[49:rsldik]2.0.co;2.
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De Groote, Hugo, and Simon Chege Kimenju. "Consumer Preferences for Maize Products in Urban Kenya." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 33, no. 2 (June 2012): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482651203300203.
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Background New maize varieties have been biofortified with provitamin A, mainly β-carotene, which renders the grain yellow or orange. Unfortunately, many African consumers prefer white maize. The maize consumption patterns in Africa are, however, not known. Objective To determine which maize products African consumers prefer to purchase and which maize preparations they prefer to eat. Methods A survey of 600 consumers was conducted in Nairobi, Kenya, at three types of maize outlets: posho mills (small hammer mills), kiosks, and supermarkets. Results Clients of posho mills had lower incomes and less education than those of kiosks and supermarkets. The preferred maize product of the posho-mill clients was artisanal maize meal; the preferred product of the others was industrial maize meal. Maize is the preferred staple for lunch and dinner, eaten as a stiff porridge ( ugali), followed by boiled maize and beans ( githeri), regardless of socioeconomic background. For breakfast, only half the consumers prefer maize, mostly as a soft porridge ( uji). This proportion is higher in low-income groups. Consumers show a strong preference for white maize over yellow, mostly for its organoleptic characteristics, and show less interest in biofortified maize. Conclusions Maize is the major food staple in Nairobi, mostly eaten in a few distinct preparations. For biofortified yellow maize to be accepted, a strong public awareness campaign to inform consumers is needed, based on a sensory evaluation and the mass media, in particular on radio in the local language.
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Mutungi, Benjamin, Mabel Minishi-Majanja, and Nampombe Mnkeni-Saurombe. "THE STATUS OF SCHOOL LIBRARIES IN KENYA: THE CASE OF PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN NAIROBI COUNTY." Mousaion: South African Journal of Information Studies 32, no. 2 (October 3, 2016): 150–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0027-2639/1694.
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In order for school libraries to contribute sufficiently to better information skills development and the creation of a culture of lifelong learning among students, they require backing through well-articulated policies both at national and individual school level. This article reports on a study that investigated the prevailing status of school libraries in public secondary schools in Nairobi County, Kenya. Using a survey research design, with a response rate of 68 per cent for school principals and 66 per cent for school librarians, the study established that the majority of the schools had school libraries but these were as a result of individual schools’ efforts and not a nationwide government policy. Moreover, the school libraries lacked policies; had not embraced contemporary trends in technology; and lacked financial support. The study concluded that school libraries in Nairobi County were inadequately resourced and supported and recommended that the government of Kenya should develop national policies to entrench and support school libraries in the education system.
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Salon, Deborah, and Sumila Gulyani. "Commuting in Urban Kenya: Unpacking Travel Demand in Large and Small Kenyan Cities." Sustainability 11, no. 14 (July 12, 2019): 3823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11143823.
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In Kenya’s capital city, Nairobi, streets are regularly gridlocked. While it is clear that roads are congested at peak hours, it is not known which commuters are experiencing that congestion or what their commute times actually are. Even less is known about commuting patterns in other Kenyan cities. This paper contributes new evidence on commuting from a survey of 14,580 households, conducted in 15 Kenyan cities in 2013. Walking and matatus—privately-operated paratransit—account for 89% of all adult commuting in urban Kenya. As cities increase in size, the proportion relying on walking falls and matatu use increases. Within a city, commuters with higher income and education, and those living further from the city center, are more likely to use matatus rather than walk. Commute times are surprisingly short. In smaller Kenyan cities the median commute time is just 20 min. In Nairobi, the median commute time is 30 min, and only 5% of those surveyed reported commuting an hour or longer. These data paint a remarkably sustainable picture of urban travel patterns in Kenya. As incomes, education levels, and demand for motorized travel rise, the challenge will be to expand and improve the system while maintaining its sustainability.
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Mwaura, Mary Njoki, Sabina Mukoya Wangia, Japheth Ododa Origa, and Lee Ernest Mbatia Oliver. "Socio- Economic Characteristics of Urban Extension Workers Influencing Empowerment of Farmers in Nairobi County, Kenya." Journal of Agricultural Extension 24, no. 2 (May 10, 2020): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v24i2.7.
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The study examined the influence of socio-economic characteristics of urban extension workers on farmers’ empowerment. Purposive and simple random sampling methods were used to select 64 extension workers by utilizing the Yamane formula. Data were collected by the use of questionnaires. Frequencies, percentiles and multiple linear regressions were utilised to analyse the data. The extension workers’ socio - economic characteristics were found to positively influence the choice of extension methods. The findings revealed that 37.2% of farmer empowerment could be explained by the choice of extension methods influenced by the characteristics of extension workers. However, 49.9% of the extension workers were not aware of the adult learning principles (ALPs) that are employed in the appropriate choice of extension methods. The study recommends that extension workers in Nairobi County be trained in competencies to consider ALPs and information communication and technology (ICT) techniques in choices of extension methods. These competencies can ultimately lead to an extension system design transformation that will assist the few extension workers to serve more farmers efficiently and effectively leading to farmer empowerment.
Key words: Extension worker characteristics, farmer empowerment, Nairobi, urban and peri-urban agriculture.
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Nganga, Jane, and Gerald Atheru. "Interest Rates Capping and Performance of Selected Small and Medium Restaurants in Nairobi West, Nairobi City County, Kenya." International Journal of Business Management, Entrepreneurship and Innovation 2, no. 3 (October 10, 2020): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35942/jbmed.v2i3.135.
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The use of interest rate capping as a way of controlling various economic sectors has highly contributed to a continuous decline in the growth of credit to the small and medium businesses and private entities by introducing a distortion in the market which the credit markets have not been able to recover from. This has resulted to the issues of reduced income, high borrowing risks and a high emerging rate of shylocks who are also perceived to have high interest rates. Based on the provided evidence the caps on loan have highly discouraged most of the SMEs from seeking for growth funds. Empirical studies done have found mixed results on the impacts of interest capping on the SMEs performance thus a research gap. The research aimed at filling the current gap by focusing on a research on establishing the impacts of interest rates capping on the performance of small and medium restaurants in Kenya, within Nairobi County. The research was guided by objectives which include; determining the effect of the interest rate capping on the enterprises’ performance, determining the impact of credit accessibility of the enterprise’s performance, assessing the effect of credit availability on the enterprise’s performance. The research was anchored on liquidity and classical models as well as on the theory of credit market. The research will adopt a descriptive research design. The study population was 312 employees. A census was adopted. The study used both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected using semi-structured questionnaires while secondary data was obtained from the financial statements of the enterprises. The research further employed questionnaires that were administered to each participant. The study used both the quantitative and qualitative methods of collecting data. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics like frequency, mean, percentages and standard deviations and be presented using charts, tables and graphs. The study also conducted a multiple regression analysis to establish the relationship between the study variables .The understandings will ensure that they are not charged excessive interest rates for their loans. The study concluded that interest rate capping generally had a positive relationship with the performance of small and medium sized restaurants in Nairobi West. The study concluded that credit accessibility among the small and medium restaurants was based on firm characteristics and capacity and enhanced adjustment to adverse environmental shocks, raised amount of product investment and eliminates financial constraints to a great extent. It was concluded that the education level and experience of the respondents, awareness level, firm size and availability of collateral. The study concluded further that the risks associated with repaying, operating environment, status and ownership structure influenced performance of the SMEs since it determined their potential to get credit from the banks and other lenders. The study recommended that the banks and other lenders in the financial sector should enhance timely access to credit at affordable and flexible rates to enhance firm performance. It was further recommended that the SMEs need to improve awareness on existence of credit, willingness of MFIs and banks to offer credit to enhance SME thriving. The study recommended that the number of lenders available in the market, willing to extent credit and creating awareness of products need to increase to spread choice, reduce rate and improve access and availability of credit to SMEs.
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Mutua, Rabecca Nundu, Ambrose Jagongo, and Eddie Simiyu. "FINANCIAL OUTREACH AND FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF LICENSED DEPOSIT TAKING MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS IN NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA." International Journal of Finance and Accounting 5, no. 2 (December 10, 2020): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijfa.1179.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between financial outreach and financial sustainability of deposit taking microfinance institutions in Nairobi County, Kenya.
Methodology: The study employed a positivism research philosophy to determine the relationship between financial outreach and financial sustainability. A population of 13 licensed Deposit Taking Microfinance Institution was considered for this study. Census method was preferred due to small number of target population. A static Panel linear regression model with fixed effect was developed for both operating self-sufficiency and financial self-sufficiency. Secondary data was obtained from Central Bank of Kenya from audited financial statements. Inferential analysis method was employed using Stata statistics software then descriptive statistics tool such as mean and standard deviations were used. several diagnostic tests were conducted namely: normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, serial correlation, stationarity and Hausman.
Results: The study found that number of active clients (breath of outreach) had statistically significant relationship; Average loan size (depth of outreach) had insignificant; age of firm (experience of institution) had insignificant relationship on financial sustainability of DTMFIs in Nairobi County, Kenya. The moderating effect between credit risk management (portfolio at risk) and breadth of outreach (number of active clients) was positive while portfolio at risk and experience of institution (age) and depth of outreach (average loan size) was negative on the relationship between financial outreach and (OSS and FSS) financial sustainability. Further, loan loss provision coverage had positive interaction with number of active clients, age, and average loan size on the relationship between financial outreach and financial sustainability of DTMFIs in Nairobi County, Kenya.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that the government through Central Bank of Kenya should formulate policies that enhance savings with DTMFIs and therefore encourage financial inclusion. Further, DTMFIs should engage in vigorous financial education to boost financial facilities’ awareness to boost the breadth of outreach and get involved in information collection and sharing to mitigate credit risk.
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Wamaitha Kimani, Rosemary, Naom Moraa Nyarigoti, and Moses Gatambuki Gathigia. "Nexus between Gender and Language Shift among the Youth in Nairobi County, Kenya." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 9, no. 4 (August 31, 2018): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.9n.4p.206.
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The phenomenon of language shift is brought about by language contact. Language shift from mother tongue to another language among the youth is an issue that cannot be wished away due to, inter alia, factors like urbanization, migration, multilingualism or bilingualism and the country’s language policy. Studies have also shown that there is notable difference in the use of language along gender lines. The objective of this study, therefore, is to assess the nexus between the gender variable and language shift among the youth in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study is anchored on a sociolinguistic theory known as the Domain Theory. The study adopted the ex-post facto research design. The study targeted students in public day secondary schools in Nairobi County, Kenya. The sample size of the study comprised 98 students drawn from public day secondary schools in three sub-counties in Nairobi County. Questionnaires were used as the tools of data collection. The reliability of the tool was computed using the Cronbach’s coefficient method with a reliability coefficient of 0.83. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the findings of the data. Chi-square tests were conducted to establish the relationship between gender and language shift. There was a significant relationship (χ2=18.143, p<0.05) between gender and the language used in communication with students of the same sex. There was also a significant relationship (χ2 =13.144, p<0.005) between gender and the language used at school. The findings also show that majority of those who use Kiswahili (62%), Sheng (100%), English and Sheng (100%) or Kiswahili and Sheng (100%) are males. The findings, therefore, show that female and male students use languages differently and therefore, language shift occurred differently between the two genders. The findings, therefore, imply that in schools, female students are more likely to use English while male students are more likely to use Sheng. Kiswahili is used equally among males and females while mother tongue is not used at all. The study concludes that gender plays a significant role in language shift among the youth in Nairobi County. The study recommends that the Ministry of Education reviews the current language policy to include instructions in mother tongue in secondary schools.
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Ndetei, D. M., L. Khasakhala, F. Ongecha-Owuor, M. Kuria, V. Mutiso, J. Syanda, and D. Kokonya. "Attitudes Toward Psychiatry: A Survey of Medical Students at the University of Nairobi, Kenya." Academic Psychiatry 32, no. 2 (April 1, 2008): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ap.32.2.154.
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Mutemi, Dorothy Muthoni, and Professor Kennedy Onkware. "Challenges and Opportunities in the Management of Electoral Conflicts in Nairobi County, Kenya." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, no. 6 (June 27, 2020): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jun549.
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This study sought to examine the challenges and opportunities in the management of electoral conflicts in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study used a descriptive research design. Questionnaires, interview guides, and FGDs were used to collect primary data whereas secondary data was gathered from journals and reports. Quantitative data was analysed by SPSS version 22 while qualitative data was analysed through coding, verbatim and thematic organization. The study found out that the major challenges to the peacebuilding process include suspicion, lack of trust, ethnicity, corruption within the electoral body, misinterpreting the constitution, and rampant unemployment across the country. From the findings and the expansive literature review, peacebuilding efforts can be boosted by training security forces, conducting voter awareness campaigns, developing citizens trust, conducting civic education, training and planning, and monitoring and watchdog initiatives. The findings and recommendations of this study will benefit scholars in the field of peacebuilding and related fields, policy makers, and other stakeholders in peacebuilding and conflict management.
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Mwangi, Samuel Muchiri. "The Contribution of Entrepreneurship Education Course in Enhancing Management Skills of Informal Entrepreneurs." Journal of Education and Vocational Research 2, no. 3 (September 15, 2011): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jevr.v2i3.28.
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The study was conducted to investigate the contribution of entrepreneurship education in technical training colleges in enhancing management skills of informal sector entrepreneurs in Kenya. A case study of informal sector operators in Nairobi was conducted. Qualitative data was collected using in-depth interviews and observations. The data was analyzed using the grounded theory. Findings of the study showed that the informal sector operators used skills they gained in entrepreneurship education in technical training colleges to gain access to the informal sector industry and to manage their business. Those with higher training in entrepreneurship education tended to excel in their operations. A closer look showed that there was still a need for further training of management skills to better their activities. The recommendations were that secondary schools in Kenya should include entrepreneurship in secondary education system curriculum so as to help the school leavers who fail to join tertiary education and end up in the informal sector.
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Nyerere, Jackline Anyona, Frederick Q. Gravenir, and Godfrey S. Mse. "Delivery of open, distance, and e-learning in Kenya." International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning 13, no. 3 (April 19, 2012): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v13i3.1120.
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The increased demand and need for continuous learning have led to the introduction of open, distance, and e-learning (ODeL) in Kenya. Provision of this mode of education has, however, been faced with various challenges, among them infrastructural ones. This study was a survey conducted in two public universities offering major components of ODeL, the University of Nairobi and Kenyatta University. These universities were purposely selected for the study, whose respondents included the students registered in ODeL and the lecturers and senior administrators involved. Analysis of the relevant documents was also undertaken, while library literature was reviewed on the integration of ODeL into the provision of education in Kenya. The study established that efficient and optimal delivery of ODeL in Kenya faces both economic and infrastructural challenges. However, strengthening the existing relevant structures would address some of the challenges.<input id="gwProxy" type="hidden" /><input id="jsProxy" onclick="if(typeof(jsCall)=='function'){jsCall();}else{setTimeout('jsCall()',500);}" type="hidden" />
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Kinyanzui, Jane Waithira Kimani. "Functionality of Kenya Prisons Service in Managing Terrorist Prison Criminal Group Activities at Kamiti Maximum Prison, Nairobi Kenya." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 8, no. 2 (March 6, 2021): 611–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.82.9787.
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Prisons all over the world have become the ‘epicenter’ of terrorist groups' activities that include violent extremism, radicalization and recruitments into terrorist prison criminal groups. Although many scholars, especially in Kenya, have not scratched this area, the fact remains that prisons have become a center of terrorist recruitment, strengthening, interconnecting, organizing, and conducting terrorist actions with subjects outside of prison. This study, therefore, was designed to evaluate the Kenya Prisons Service's functionality in managing Terrorist Prison criminal group Activities at Kamiti Maximum Prison. Three objectives focused this study; to examine the nature of available Terrorist Prison Criminal Groups Management strategies at the institution; to identify the anti-Terrorist Prison Criminal Groups Management gaps, and finally, to identify activities associated with Terrorist Prison Criminal Groups at Kamiti Maximum Prison. The paper employed a descriptive research design and a hybrid methodology where qualitative and quantitative data were obtained. Results showed that the most embraced terrorist management techniques were separation/isolation as it allows for close supervision and use of risk assessment instruments amongst other measures. Results also showed that clandestine use of the internet while in prison was associated with the recruitment of other prisoners into terrorist groups, Islamist militant prison radicalization, and external influences. The study findings showed that the main ways to mitigate the Terrorist Prison Criminal Group activities in Kenya included creating employment opportunities for the youth, creating rehabilitation programs for terror convicts, and offering education to the public. Amongst other measures, this was perceived as mitigation to reduce terrorist groups. The study recommended judges and magistrates to only incarcerate the most serious criminals and prefer non-custodial sentences for petty offenders. This will better manage the radicalization of petty prisoners.
Key words: Inmates, terrorist criminals, Prison, Isolation, Concentration, Separation.
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Metobo, Evans. "EFFECTS OF SLUM UPGRADING ON SECURITY MANAGMENT IN SOWETO SLUMS, ROYSAMBU SUB-COUNTY IN NAIROBI, KENYA." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 8, no. 1 (February 2, 2021): 479–530. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.81.9648.
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This paper uses data collected for an MA Thesis to explore the effects of slum upgrading on security management in Soweto slums, Roysambu sub-county in Nairobi, Kenya. The study was guided by three objectives to establish social effect of slum upgrading on security management in Kahawa Soweto slums; to examine the economic effect of slum upgrading on security management in Kahawa Soweto slums; and to establish the challenges of security management in the slum upgrading programme for Kahawa Soweto Slums. The study adopted a descriptive research design and random sampling to select 318 respondents (main respondents) and 10 Key informants (K.I). Questionnaire was the main method of data collection while interview was used to collect data from K.I. Data collected was organized, and systematically interpreted thematically by use of graphs, frequency tables, and percentages.
This study established the relationship between slum setting and rise of crime and insecurity in Kahawa Soweto slums in Roysambu sub-county in Nairobi, Kenya with 69.2% of respondents agreeing to this count. According to this study, poor roads, high poverty levels, low education levels, poor spatial designs/environmental design of slum area and housing, absence of police station and poor lighting predisposed the slum dwellers to crime and insecurity. According to this study slum upgrade will reduce crime and insecurity, given that special aspects such as improvement in spatial designs/environmental design of urban areas and housing with enhanced modern lighting will significantly reduce crime in slums by eliminating criminogenic and insecurity risk factors. Additionally, improved economic effects of slum upgrading on slum dwellers would build resilience to crime and insecurity. This includes; Job creation, provision of educational facilities such as vocational training institutes (polytechnics), basic education institutions (primary and secondary schools) as well as other skills enhancement institutions. Community empowerment aimed at income generating activities, construction of police station to provide security to the slum dwellers (77%), and construction of better roads (55.3%) were recommended to reduce crime and improved security management in Kahawa Soweto slums in Roysambu sub-county in Nairobi, Kenya.
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Munene, Halldess nguta, James Ndegwa N., Thomas Senaji A., and Kenneth Mugambi. "Influence of Board Characteristics on Financial Distress of Deposit Taking SACCOs in Nairobi County, Kenya." International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) 9, no. 4 (December 17, 2020): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v9i4.948.
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The importance of Savings and Credit Cooperatives (SACCOs) cannot be underestimated. Despite their importance, they are faced with numerous challenges among them financial distress which threatens their very existence. The current research sought to establish the role of board characteristics in the financial distress suffered by Deposit Taking SACCOs in Nairobi County. The study is anchored inter alia on Agency Theory. Descriptive research design was adopted while Nairobi County was purposively chosen and a census was carried out on deposit taking SACCOs in the county. Secondary data was collected from SASRA using a data collection sheet and a panel data analysis performed using STATA software. The findings were presented using tables. The study concluded that there was a relationship between board characteristics and financial distress of Deposit Taking SACCOs where board composition, board education and board tenure have statistically significant and negative influence on financial distress. In conclusion SACCOs need to have lean boards, Board composition should also be improved by including more women on boards, there should be more inclusion of members with high and relevant education credentials, and SACCOs should have term limits for their members while an analysis too based on the Altman’s Z score models should be adopted for SACCOs. Another research may be carried out to establish other factors causing financial distress and how to turn around the SACCOs already in distress.
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Jepchumba, Priscah, and Dr Eddie Simiyu. "ELECTRONIC BANKING ADOPTION AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA, NAIROBI CITY COUNTY." International Journal of Finance and Accounting 4, no. 2 (October 9, 2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijfa.985.
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ELECTRONIC BANKING ADOPTION AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA, NAIROBI CITY COUNTY
1*Priscah Jepchumba
1Post Graduate Student: Kenyatta University
*Corresponding Author’s Email: prjumbaa@gmail.com
2 Dr.Eddie Simiyu
Lecturer: Kenyatta University
Abstract
Purpose: This research was done to establish how e- banking adoption has improved the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya.
Methods: The study used descriptive research design and structured questionnaires to collect data.The target population was all the 41 commercial banks in Nairobi. The sampling design was census where general managers and credit managers were targeted in Nairobi headquarters. The source of data was primary and secondary data; Primary data was collected from source through questionnaires while secondary data was sourced from annual central bank reports, bank financial statements as well as periodical journals and reports.
Results: The findings of the study has indicated that most of the respondents had served the banking industry for a period of at least five years and education level of at least a college diploma. The study also rejected all the null hypotheses and concluded that electronic banking has positive effect on financial performance of commercial banks. The study has contributed to knowledge through provision of scholarly literature on electronic banking and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study’s recommendation to management is to implement strategies which: increase Speed in Electronic Services, increase investments in Electronic banking, promote training programs to employees and adopt suitable techniques to reduce threats to e-banking. The study’s recommendation is that a similar research should be conducted with a moderating or mediating variable in the same industry.
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Mariita, Kizito M., Harriet A. Chirima, and Carol K. Maina. "Broad spectrum antibiotic use among in-patients at a hospital in Nairobi, Kenya." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 8, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20185154.
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Background: Antimicrobial resistance is an increasingly serious threat to global public health. While the use of antibiotics is an important contributing factor, there are gaps regarding this in our region. This study aimed to describe the use of nine broad spectrum antibiotics among in-patients of The Nairobi Hospital (TNH) so as to identify opportunities for quality improvement.Methods: This was a retrospective review of the use of meropenem, ertapenem, imipenem, cefepime, piperacillin, gentamicin, amikacin, vancomycin and teicoplanin among in-patients of TNH from 1st January 2018 to 31st March 2018. Demographic and clinical data of all in-patients who were prescribed these antibiotics during the study period were retrieved from patient files.Results: There were 301 study participants with a median age (range) of 30years (1day-74years), of whom 161 (53.5%) were male. More than half of the participants were admitted for less than one week and had at least one co-morbidity. Meropenem was the most commonly prescribed study antibiotic 123 (40.9%) followed by amikacin 89 (29.6%). Respiratory tract infections 125 (41.5%) were the predominant indications. Meropenem had the longest mean duration of administration, 6.5days while the aminoglycosides were administered for a relatively shorter duration of about 4.8days. Cultures were done on 187 (62.1%) patients though it is only samples of 45 patients that grew an organism, E. coli and Klebsiella sp being the most frequently isolated organisms.Conclusions: There’s a need to strongly intensify implementation of restriction strategies for Meropenem use and introduction of education programs on antimicrobial stewardship targeting all prescribers.
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Kibor, Joy Jerop, and Joshua Tumuti. "Information and Communications Technology Integration and Performance of Tertiary Institutions in Nairobi County, Kenya." East African Journal of Information Technology 2, no. 1 (March 2, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajit.2.1.119.
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ICT infrastructure and ICT proficiency have become essential components of higher education for both learners and instructors. This study examined the effect of ICT infrastructure and ICT proficiency on the performance of tertiary institutions in Nairobi County. Simple random sampling method was used to select the respondents. A sample size of 60 respondents was drawn from the ICT specialists employed in the tertiary institutions. Data was collected using questionnaires and the internal reliability analysis showed Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.83. Results findings established that ICT infrastructure and ICT proficiency resulted in better performance of tertiary institutions. The study concluded that ICT infrastructure and ICT proficiency affect the performance of tertiary institutions positively. A recommendation is that tertiary institutions should integrate the use of ICT in different aspects of learning to enhance performance.
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Magoma, Phyllis M., Esther Waithaka, and Teresa Mwoma. "Pre-Primary and Lower Primary Teachers’ Professional Identity in Primary Schools in Nairobi County, Kenya." East African Journal of Education Studies 3, no. 1 (August 20, 2021): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajes.3.1.391.
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Professional identity is a noteworthy aspect of the teachers’ professional lives. This is because it influences the manner in which they do their work, retention and productivity in their places of work. This article presents findings from a PhD study that aimed at establishing the status of pre-primary and lower primary teachers’ professional identity and exploring factors influencing it. Fredrick Herzberg’s (1950) theory of Satisfaction and Motivation was used to guide the study. The study used concurrent triangulation research design. The dependent variable was early year’s education teachers’ professional identity, while the independent variable was the type of school. The study was conducted in Kasarani Sub-County in Nairobi County, Kenya. The sample size consisted of 220 teachers and 44 head-teachers in both public and private primary schools. Questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data which was then analysed using qualitative and quantitative methods. Findings from the study revealed that pre-primary and lower primary teachers’ professional identity was weak. It was recommended that school management, county and national governments, and other key stakeholders should aim at addressing issues that weaken early year’s education teachers (EYET) professional identity.
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Oluoch, Prisca Mary, Paul Amollo Odundo, and John Mwangi. "Content of Vignettes and Ethical Decision Making among Business Education Students at the University of Nairobi, Kenya." International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research 17, no. 11 (November 30, 2018): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.17.11.2.
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Wangari, Ngigi Susan, and John Aluko Orodho. "Determinants of Job Satisfaction and Retention of Special Education Teachers in Primary Schools in Nairobi County, Kenya." IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science 19, no. 6 (2014): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0837-1967126133.
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Amolloh, Odundo Paul, Ganira Khavugwi Lilian, and Milimu Gladys Shaji. "Adopting Digital Technology in Teaching and Learning Environment in Early Childhood Education Classes in Nairobi County, Kenya." Asian Education Studies 2, no. 3 (September 19, 2017): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/aes.v2i3.192.
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Dispositions towards use of digital technologies in modern early childhood settings have dramatically transformed aspects in education sector through development and integration of technology into education policy, curriculum and practice. Digital technology as a tool in instruction benefits learner’s fine motor skills, language and communication readiness, mathematical thinking as well as positive attitudes towards learning. Conversely inadequate educational and digital competence hampers teachers in Early Childhood Education (ECE) access to digital technology. This study assessed ways in which teachers in ECE in Kenya access digital technologies. It was designed as a two-phase exploratory mixed methods study. The design allowed collection of data from two groups of ECE educators: case study and survey teachers. Case-studies of two ECE centers (low and high technology) involving 11 ECE teachers were compared in order to examine similarities and differences in access to digital technologies. Similarly, teachers (n=508) in two education zones were surveyed and drawn in terms of similarities and differences in access to digital technologies. Findings indicated that ECE teachers in Kenya have limited access to digital technologies due to non-availability in ECE teaching and learning environments. To address this challenge, the study recommends Ministry of education to put emphasis on funding technology resources in early childhood settings. Furthermore, teachers in ECE should be exposed to a variety of developmentally appropriate digital technologies in order to effectively enhance teaching and learning.
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Mbunde, John M. "Head Teachers’ Role in Facilitating School Facilities that Influence Pupils’ Performance in Kcpe." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 19 (July 31, 2017): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n19p146.
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This paper discusses the head teachers’ role in facilitating school facilities that influence pupils’ performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary School (KCPE). The objective was to establish the head teachers’ role in facilitating school facilities that influence pupils’ performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary School. The research was based on the Max Weber’s Theory of Bureaucracy. The target population was 612 head teachers, senior teachers and accounts’ clerks in Nairobi County. The sample size was 123. The research employed descriptive survey design. The schools selected were 14 from Westland and Dagoretti districts and 13 from Lang’ata district through simple random sampling. The head teachers and accounts’ clerks were selected by purposive sampling methods. The research instruments used were the interview and document analysis guides. Validation of both instruments was done by the expert judgment review by supervisors from the Department of Educational Administration and Planning of the University of Nairobi. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data which was presented in a table. The study established that all the 41 sampled schools had fairly adequate exercise books, buildings and furniture; inadequate textbooks, radios, equipment, computers, displays, charts and playgrounds. The study concluded that the head teachers had not facilitated adequate school facilities that influence pupils’ performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary School (KCPE). It was recommended that the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology should increase funding of schools to enable the head teachers to procure more school facilities to enhance pupils’ performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary School.
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Hyatt, D. E., and W. J. Milne. "Determinants of Fertility in Urban and Rural Kenya: Estimates and a Simulation of the Impact of Education Policy." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 25, no. 3 (March 1993): 371–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a250371.
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The continuing high fertility rate in Kenya is of considerable concern as the resulting high rate of population growth makes improvements in living standards difficult, if not impossible. In this paper, the determinants of fertility in urban and rural areas of Kenya are examined through estimation of a probit model which includes variables in three categories: economic, biological, and social or cultural. Also simulated is the effect of increasing the levels of female education on the total fertility rate and the total number of births. Results show that improvements in female education can result in a substantial decrease in the number of births in Kenya, thereby suggesting that formulation of government policy in this area is desirable.
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King, Elisabeth. "What Kenyan Youth Want and Why It Matters for Peace." African Studies Review 61, no. 1 (February 26, 2018): 134–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2017.98.
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Abstract:The international aid community presents education and employment programs as the keys to mitigating youth participation in violence. Yet, existing evidence suggests that faith in such programs may be misplaced. This study investigates this disconnect between faith and evidence. It argues that education and employment programs are commonly built on an economically-focused “dominant discourse” that makes presumptions about youth and their interests. Based on qualitative research with youth in Nairobi, Kenya, it further argues that this dominant discourse overlooks self-identity and social connectedness factors that are crucial to youth, as well as the limitations imposed by governance and structural conditions.
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N. Munyiri, Ignatius, Ruth W. Thinguri, and Paul Edabu. "Influence of School Managers’ Training on Disaster Risk Management in Public Secondary Schools within Nairobi City County Kenya." American Journal of Educational Research 7, no. 12 (December 22, 2019): 948–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/education-7-12-9.
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R. M., Jacinta, and Rotich K. S. "Impact of Early Childhood Education on Pupils’ Learning in Primary Schools in Kenya." Global Journal of Educational Studies 1, no. 1 (May 25, 2015): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/gjes.v1i1.7686.
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<p>The research focused on the impact of Early Childhood Education (ECE) in the learning of pupils in primary schools in Kenya. The study employed descriptive survey design. The target population of the study was 616 teachers in the 32 public primary school in Starehe Division of Nairobi County. The sample comprised of 210 randomly selected primary school teachers. Data were gathered by use of questionnaire. Findings revealed that pupils who had gone through the ECE were able to acquire skills in basic counting, mathematics and speaking. Pupils who had not attended ECE classes had problems with grasping simple counting skills and simple language skills. They were not able to interact well with other pupils. The findings also revealed that pupils who had attended ECE classes were able to interact with the teachers better than those who had not attended ECE. Findings indicated that pupils who had attended the ECE classes had usually lower scores at the beginning in class one. Attending ECE classes enabled pupils become fluent in reading and in recognizing numbers in mathematics. The study concluded that ECE classes had prepared pupils to join primary school by enabling them learn some basic counting and speaking skills. The study recommended that parents should be sensitized on the need to take their children to the ECE centers before taking them to formal primary schools.</p>
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Munala, Leso, Emily Welle, Emily Hohenshell, and Nene Okunna. "“She Is NOT a Genuine Client”: Exploring Health Practitioner’s Mistrust of Rape Survivors in Nairobi, Kenya." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 38, no. 4 (June 18, 2018): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272684x18781790.
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Sexual violence is one of the most common forms of violence against women in Kenya. Recognizing this, the Kenyan government introduced health care sector guidelines for survivors of sexual violence. This study explores the care of rape survivors from the perspective of health-care practitioners and identifies a number of recommendations for improving the quality of care. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 28 health practitioners from eight post-rape care facilities located in Nairobi, Kenya. Data were analyzed using the Colaizzi’s 1978 analytical model. The study uncovered a troubling tendency of health practitioners questioning the authenticity of a woman’s claim, deeming some not to be genuine rape survivors. Doubts about the veracity of the client’s story led to additional emotional drain on health practitioners. This judgment negatively impacted the quality of care for rape survivors and in some cases, leading practitioners to deny services and exposing survivors to secondary victimization.
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Koyio, Lucina N., Wil JM J. M. Van der Sanden, Andre Van der Ven, Nico Creugers, Matthias A. W. Merkx, and Jo E. Frencken. "Effect of education of primary health care workers on HIV-related oral lesions in Nairobi East district." Journal of Public Health Research 1, no. 2 (April 30, 2012): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2012.e20.
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<em>Background</em>. An estimated 90% of HIV-infected people are likely to develop oral lesions in the course of HIV infection. Oro-pharyngeal candidiasis (OPC), an early marker for HIV-infection, can be diagnosed during an oral examination (OE). Primary healthcare (PHC) providers in Kenya are neither trained nor sufficiently equipped to perform this simple, cheap and non-invasive examination. The PHC system in Kenya offers an opportunity to integrate early recognition and management of oral lesions into general health care. This study aims to estimate the effect of a multifaceted intervention for PHC providers in training them to perform an OE. Specifically, our primary objective is to establish whether the intervention is effective in increasing: i) the frequency of early detection of HIV-related oral lesions; and ii) referral rates for HIV-testing. <em>Design and methods. </em>The study has been designed in two parts: a retrospective clinical data record study and a prospective cohort study with pre-post control group design, carried out in 2 administrative divisions in Nairobi East district. The intervention group will receive one day of training on recognition of HIV-related oral lesions and other common oral conditions. Reminder sessions will be held at individual health facilities. Routine tally sheets will be used to record all patients with HIV-related oral lesions, dental caries and periodontal disease. A convenience sample of all the PHC in a division will be used. It will not be possible to blind investigators or assessors. Expected impact of the study for Public Health. Early recognition and treatment of HIV infection influences long-term survival rates and will reduce healthcare expenditure.
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Jelagat, Keitany Julia, and Samson Rosana Ondigi. "Influence of Socio-Cultural Factors on Inclusive Education Among Students & Teachers in Nairobi Integrated Educational Programme, Kenya." IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSRJRME) 07, no. 01 (June 2017): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/7388-0701024955.
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Olotch, Michael. "EFFECTS OF EDUCATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL ENTERPRISES IN KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF GIKOMBA MARKET, NAIROBI." International Journal of Finance and Accounting 2, no. 3 (February 14, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijfa.317.
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Purpose: The key objective of this research was to establish the relationship, if any, between education/training and the performance of small enterprises in Gikomba market.Methodology:This study adopted descriptive and regression analysis design and the target population for this study are the owners/managers of small business enterprises in Gikomba market, Nairobi. A sample of 68 respondents will be selected. Probability sampling was used whereby stratified random sampling will be grouped into two or more relevant strata. This study used both primary and secondary data collected using questionnaires and secondary data collection data guide. Primary data was collected for all variables for a period of 3 years (2010 to 2012). Data analysis was used using both descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Descriptive statistics will include; frequencies, mean and standard deviation. Data analysis output was presented using graphs and tables. Inferential statistics will include regression and ANOVA tests.Results:The results indicate that Education greatly influences the financial and non-financial factors in the SMEs sector. However the level of education is not the key factor to SME’s existence and success. If the business management training education is well implemented, all the small enterprise traders at Gikomba open air market should be in position to breakeven and also to manage their business performance as expected.Policy recommendation: The study recommends that policy makers should adopt the findings of this study. According to the results, exchange rates, public debt and interest rates were the significant determinant of market capitalisation of listed companies in Kenya during the study period. Macroeconomic variables should be factored when formulating policies on market capitalisation. This study recommended that, since the Kenyan stock market is not really exposed to the negative effects of currency volatility, government can use exchange rate as a policy tool to attract foreign portfolio investment.
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Okello, Fredricke Bryan. "Effects of modern communication channels on taxpayer service experience in Kenya." African Multidisciplinary Tax Journal 2021, no. 1 (February 2021): 80–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/amtj/2021/i1a5.
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The objective of this research study was to establish the effect of modern communication channels on taxpayer service experience in Kenya. This was answered using three research questions which revolved around social media, mobile communication and web portals and how each affected taxpayer service experience. The targeted population for the survey were all taxpayers in the Nairobi region who were registered as taxpayers in the iTax system and who form part of the country’s tax base. This comprised the total population for this study. To arrive at the sample for the survey, stratified random sampling was employed. The probit regression results from the analysis of the survey data show that the factors that significantly influence taxpayer service experience in Kenya are the individual’s age, gender, level of education, use of social media, mobile communication and web portals.
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Nyakundi, Orpha, Grace Nyagah, Jeremiah Kalai, and Simon Munayi. "Influence of Parental Involvement on Learning Outcomes at Public Early Childhood Centres in Nairobi City County, Kenya." Journal of Education and Practice 4, no. 3 (October 15, 2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jep.458.
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Purpose: Parental support is essential in achieving pupils’ learning outcomes. The purpose of this article is to discuss how parental involvement in pupils’ learning programmes influences pupils’ learning outcomes. The study was conducted in public Early Childhood centres in Nairobi City County, Kenya, to investigate the influence of parental involvement in pupils’ learning programmes on children’s learning outcomes. The problem is that, despite that parents have a responsibility and an influence in the education of their children, not all parents are involved in the learning programmes at the early childhood centres. The objectives of the study were to assess the extent of parental involvement in pupils’ learning programmes and to determine the influence of parental involvement in children’s learning programmes on learning outcomes.Methodology: The study employed descriptive survey targeting the 21 public stand-alone early childhood education centres, 2243 children aged 3-5 years, 21 head teachers and all teachers at the learning centres. Quantitative and qualitative data was collected by using structured interview schedules for head teachers, closed questionnaires for teachers and document analysis guide to process pupils’ learning outcomes (performance). Records of Pupils of PP1 and PP2 levels from each centre were simple randomly sampled for review. By purposive sampling, 48 teachers were sampled, at least one teacher for each of the levels from the 21 institutions. The study employed, means, percentages and the coefficients in the analysis of the data.Findings: The study revealed that 38.1 percent of the learning centres had parents who gave less than 50 percent of the expected support and that centres that involved parents in the learning programmes had higher learning outcomes. The conclusion is that parental involvement in the education of their children leads to high learning outcomes.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that The County Government should develop and implement a policy to support establishment and enforcement of a framework through which parents can work in partnership with the teachers at the learning centres. There is need for government instituted structures for sensitization of the parents on their role in the education of their children.
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NDERITU, NENE, Dr Mary Mugwe Chui, and Dr Paul Edabu. "Influence of Market Focus Planning Strategies on Competitiveness of Private Universities in Nairobi County, Kenya." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 8, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss3.2208.
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In the last three decades, the republic of Kenya has witnessed a tremendous increase in the number of chartered universities and a stiff competition for students. The student enrolment base coupled with the emergence of private university education providers turned the university arena in Kenya into a student enrolment market, leading to intense competition between Public and Private Universities. The researcher realizes that, the existing studies relate competitiveness with performance. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the influence of market focus planning strategies on competitiveness of private universities in Nairobi County, Kenya. Resource Based Theory, Competitive Advantage Theory and Generic Framework Theory guided this study. The study applied mixed method approach and thus adopted concurrent triangulation design. Target population comprised 66 Registrar Academics, 66 Registrar Admissions and 33 Directors of Marketing all totalling to 165. Using the Central Limit Theorem, 36 Registrars of Academics, 36 Registrars of Admissions and 18 Directors of Marketing were purposively sampled. Questionnaires were used to collect data from Registrar Academic and Admissions whereas interview guide was used to gather data from Directors of Marketing. Data analysis began by identifying common themes from the respondents’ description of their experiences. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically along the objectives and were presented in narrative forms. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferentially using Chi-Square through Statistical Packages for Social Science and presented using tables. The study established that many private universities have not fully adopted market focus planning strategies to enhance their competitiveness. The study recommends that private universities design and market their academic programmes affordable to students from all socio-economic backgrounds.
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Njoki, Priscilla Gachigi, Dakota King-White, Theresia Kinai, and Edward Kigen. "Assessing the Correlation Between Academic Self-Concept and Mathematics Achievement in Secondary Schools in Nairobi County, Kenya." Journal of Education and Learning 8, no. 3 (May 10, 2019): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v8n3p102.
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Students in Kenya have been performing poorly in mathematics in both primary and secondary schools, with the majority of the students scoring below average. The purpose of this study was to explore the extent to which academic self-concept correlates with mathematics achievement of secondary school students in Nairobi County. The study targeted 9,641 Form 3 students in public secondary schools that had registered students for Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education examinations for the past three years. A sample of 500 respondents was drawn using stratified and simple random sampling. A questionnaire that included items from the Academic Self-Concept Questionnaire was used to measure academic self-concept. The average score in mathematics for three consecutive terms was used as the mathematics achievement for each participant. The results from the study showed that academic self-concept positively and significantly predicted mathematics achievement. Based on findings, this article includes recommendations on effective ways that teachers, parents, and other stakeholders can help increase students’ academic self-concept and boost students’ mathematics achievement.