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Journal articles on the topic 'Continuous-flow biological treatment'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

ALQAHTANI, RUBAYYI T., MARK I. NELSON, and ANNETTE L. WORTHY. "A BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATERS: CONTOIS KINETICS." ANZIAM Journal 56, no. 4 (2015): 397–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s144618111500005x.

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This paper analyses the steady-state operation of a generalized bioreactor model that encompasses a continuous-flow bioreactor and an idealized continuous-flow membrane bioreactor as limiting cases. A biodegradation of organic materials is modelled using Contois growth kinetics. The bioreactor performance is analysed by finding the steady-state solutions of the model and determining their stability as a function of the dimensionless residence time. We show that an effective recycle parameter improves the performance of the bioreactor at moderate values of the dimensionless residence time. Howe

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2

Liu, Wei Ping, and Xia Fei Yin. "Continuous Flow Microbial Fuel Cell for Organic Wastewater Treatment." Advanced Materials Research 777 (September 2013): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.777.92.

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A continuous flow double chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) for wastewater treatment was constructed. Anaerobic activated sludge was used as bacterial source and simulated organic wastewater was used as substrate. Effluent of anode chamber was used directly as influent of the cathode chamber. The aerobic microorganisms could degrade organic matters further. The electricity production and organic wastewater treatment of the MFC were studied. The results show that the wastewater chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the total removal rate was 74.1%~77.45%, the anode chamber in which the removal rate of

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3

Manea, Elena Elisabeta, and Costel Bumbac. "Performance Evaluation of Continuous Flow Aerobic Granular Sludge Configurations." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 1 (2019): 283–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.1.6900.

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Increasing the efficiency and capacity of existing wastewater treatment plants can be carried out by using intensive biological processes. One of the currently studied biological solutions consists in using aerobic granular sludge in order to achieve both organics and nutrients removal simultaneously in one tank and with high efficiency. Aerobic granular sludge is currently used at full scale in sequential batch reactors, research for identifying the optimal solutions for continuous flow systems being carried out worldwide. The paper summarizes the results obtained for two continuous flow conf

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4

Çeçen, Ferhan. "ACTIVATED CARBON ADDITION TO ACTIVATED SLUDGE IN THE TREATMENT OF KRAFT PULP BLEACHING WASTES." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 3 (1994): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0096.

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This study examines the effect of powdered activated carbon (PAC) addition to activated sludge in the treatment of pulp bleaching effluents which contain a large amount of nonbiodegradable matter. The effect of PAC addition has been studied in both batch and continuous-flow reactors. Isotherms were developed for PAC and biomass adsorption. It was shown that substrate removal by air stripping and biosorption was negligible. The change in substrate concentration occurred mainly by biodegradation. The biological removal data obtained in batch and continuous-flow reactors were fitted to kinetic mo

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5

Bumbac, C., I. A. Ionescu, O. Tiron, and V. R. Badescu. "Continuous flow aerobic granular sludge reactor for dairy wastewater treatment." Water Science and Technology 71, no. 3 (2015): 440–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.007.

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The focus of this study was to assess the treatment performance and granule progression over time within a continuous flow reactor. A continuous flow airlift reactor was seeded with aerobic granules from a laboratory scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and fed with dairy wastewater. Stereomicroscopic investigations showed that the granules maintained their integrity during the experimental period. Laser diffraction investigation showed proof of new granules formation with 100–500 μm diameter after only 2 weeks of operation. The treatment performances were satisfactory and more or less similar

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Bryant, Curtis W., W. A. Barkley, Michael R. Garrett, and David F. Gardner. "Biological nitrification of kraft wastewater." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 2-3 (1997): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0504.

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A program of batch, continuous-flow, and field pilot tests have been conducted to measure the extent and stability of nitrification in kraft wastewater. Laboratory batch tests measured the extent and rate of ammonia removal from kraft wastewater. Controlled variables included aerated stabilization basin (ASB) location, temperature, pH, ammonia concentration, black liquor content, bicarbonate content, and presence of acclimated nitrifying bacteria. Findings were that (a) moderate wastewater temperature (22-35°C), pH near 7.3, and black liquor spill control prevented slowing of nitrification, an

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7

Di Maria, Francesco, and Sadhan Kumr Ghosh. "Analysis of the biodrying and biostabilization efficiency of a continuous flow full-scale facility." Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management 50, no. 4 (2024): 755–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5276/jswtm/iswmaw/50s1/2024.755.

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The technological solution adopted for aerobic treatment of Waste Organic Fraction (WOF) can influence the evolution of the physical parameters of the process making the facility acting as a biostabilization or a biodrying system. In the present study, the continuous flow biological section of the full-scale mechanical biological treatment plant was experimentally investigated by means of evolution, during treatment period (day), of temperature (T) (° C), volatile solids (VS) (%TS) and oxygen uptake of the WOF under treatment. Oxygen uptake was measured by the Dynamic Respirometer Index Potent

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8

Zijlstra, Douwe S., Esther Cobussen-Pool, Dennis J. Slort, et al. "Development of a Continuous Hydrothermal Treatment Process for Efficient Dewatering of Industrial Wastewater Sludge." Processes 10, no. 12 (2022): 2702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10122702.

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Sludges from the papermaking industry represent a challenging residue stream that is difficult to dewater using conventional processes. The successful development and scale-up of innovative processes from lab- to pilot- to industrial-scale are required to tackle challenges for waste treatment, including paper sludges. Biological paper sludge was treated via a mild hydrothermal carbonization process (TORWASH®) to improve dewaterability of the sludge, including long-duration, continuous testing. Initial lab-scale experiments indicated the optimal treatment temperature for sludge dewatering was 1

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9

Ramírez-Jiménez, Diego Fernando, Paula Andrea Bedoya-Benítez, and Pablo A. Munoz-Gutierrez. "Visualization and Control System for a Wastewater Laboratory Plant with Biological Treatment." Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina 34, no. 1 (2024): 105–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18359/rcin.7270.

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This paper presents a novel real-time control and electronic instrumentation system (RTC\andEIS) for a prototype plant that uses activated sludge for wastewater treatment. The main contribution in this research was oriented to work on an experimental design with small dimensions and low cost. This design was carried out using two continuous flow storage tanks in which an identification process was carried out with the MATLAB system identification toolbox to know a mathematical model. The mathematical representation obtained is presented as a continuous and a discrete transfer function. To eval

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10

Khararjian, H. A., W. H. Callaway, P. Cardinal, and J. Meany. "Intermittent Cycle Extended Aeration System (ICEAS R) for Small Wastewater Treatment Plants." Water Science and Technology 22, no. 3-4 (1990): 323–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1990.0218.

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Many municipalities and industrial plants with small quantities of wastewater are facing challenges with providing economical treatment strategies. They require simply designed and operated processes which give high quality effluent. One such process is the Intermittent Cycle Extended Aeration System (ICEAS R). This is a variant of the activated sludge biological process which allows continuous inflow of raw wastewater and intermittently discharged influent. It provides flow equalization, biological oxidation and sedimentation with decanting of supernatant in a single tank. The process can be

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11

Kevbrina, M. V., Y. A. Nikolaev, D. A. Danilovich, and A. Ya Vanyushina. "Aerobic biological treatment of thermophilically digested sludge." Water Science and Technology 63, no. 10 (2011): 2340–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.492.

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Aerobic biological treatment of digested sludge was studied in a continuously operated laboratory set-up. An aerated reactor was filled with thermophilically digested sludge from the Moscow wastewater treatment plant and inoculated with special activated sludge. It was then operated at the chemostat mode at different flow rates. Processes of nitrification and denitrification, as well as dephosphatation, occurred simultaneously during biological aerobic treatment of thermophilically digested sludge. Under optimal conditions, organic matter degradation was 9.6%, the concentrations of ammonium ni

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12

Yibo, Wen, Zhang Min, and Qian Yi. "Biological Treatment of Coke-Plant Wastewater for COD and NH3-N Removal." Water Science and Technology 23, no. 10-12 (1991): 1883–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0644.

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For removing COD and NH3-N from high-strength coke-plant wastewater, studies were conducted in a lab scale, continuous flow system, in which anaerobic, anoxic and oxic units were included. The results have shown that the effluent COD and NH3-N of A-A/O system could be less than 78 mg/L and 4.7 mg/L respectively when the influent COD and NH3-N were higher than 1200 mg/L and 240 mg/L respectively at a total HRT of 36 hrs. Moreover, the total nitrogen of wastewater was removed by 49%. It is concluded that A-A/O system is efficient for coke-plant wastewater treatment and the anaerobic process has

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13

Kim, In-Sung, Yong-Joo Cho, Hong-Keun Choi, and Eun-Ju Lee. "Biological Treatment of Processed-Leachate from Landfills by Reed (Phragmites australis)-Bed in a Continuous Flow System." Korean Journal of Ecology 27, no. 6 (2004): 375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5141/jefb.2004.27.6.375.

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14

Sánchez, Jenifer Benavides, Marianna Vuono, and Davide Dionisi. "Model-based comparison of sequencing batch reactors and continuous-flow activated sludge processes for biological wastewater treatment." Computers & Chemical Engineering 144 (January 2021): 107127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2020.107127.

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15

Murniati, Anceu, Nadia Annisa Fajriana, Gilang Adi Nugraha, et al. "Textile Wastewater Treatment Using Polypyrrole/Polyphenol Oxidase Membranes." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 27, no. 2 (2024): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.27.2.83-90.

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Polypyrrole (PPy) is widely regarded as a useful electrode material because it has the advantages of low cost, high electrical conductivity, and thermal stability. This study aimed to synthesize PPy membranes using polyphenol oxidase (PPO) isolated from white oyster mushrooms as a biocatalyst for processing textile wastewater. The membranes were produced through the electropolymerization of pyrrole (Py) using the electrodeposition method. The raw materials comprised 0.05 M Py and crude PPO white oyster mushroom extract at 35% v/v in citrate buffer pH = 6.8. The electrolysis process was perform

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16

Grognard, F., and O. Bernard. "Stability analysis of a wastewater treatment plantwith saturated control." Water Science and Technology 53, no. 1 (2006): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.017.

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This paper presents a saturated proportional controller that achieves depollution of wastewater in a continuous anaerobic digester. This goal is reached by defining a region of the state-space where the depollution is achieved and forcing attractivity and invariance of this region. The control variable is the dilution rate and the controlled variable is a linear combination (Sλ) of the substrates concentrations, that could be the chemical oxygen demand or the biological oxygen demand, depending on the value of λ. No measurement of the substrates concentrations in the input flow is required: th

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17

Pujol, R., J. P. Canler, A. Vachon, and P. Vidou. "Biological Aerated Filters: An Adapted Biological Process for Wastewater from Coastal Areas." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 12 (1992): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0349.

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SUMMARY compact facilities together with modular and environment-friendly appearance are arguments in favour of Biological Aerated Filters(B. A. F. ) in coastal areas where the amount of available land imposes strict limitations on technological choices. The operation of B. A. F. in combination with a physico-chemical process was studied using the data obtained from two wastewater treatment plants located in coastal areas (Barcares and Saint Palais/Mer, France). The main conclusions are the following.-Effluent quality in terms of COD, BOD5 S.S. proved satisfactory for organic load conditions h

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18

Ferguson, John F., and Mark M. Benjamin. "Studies of Anaerobic Treatment of Sulfite Process Wastes." Water Science and Technology 17, no. 1 (1985): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1985.0009.

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A series of laboratory studies of treatment of sulfite process wastes constitute a case study of application of high rate anaerobic biological treatment. Sulfite evaporator condensate (SEC) was evaluated in batch and continuous flow studies to find the efficiency of treatment that was possible and the conditions suitable for treatment. The role of sulfur and neutralization in the process were especially significant. Caustic extraction stage bleaching wastes (CE) were also studied for their use in neutralizing the evaporator condensate. Toxicity effects requiring dilution were found, but both C

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19

Chong, Nyuk-Min. "BIOLOGICAL TREATABILITY OF AMINE LADEN REFINERY WASTEWATER." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 3 (1994): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0054.

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Mono- and Di- hydroxyl amines are used in the desulfuration processes for refined petroleum products. The refinery wastewater treatment plant may be shocked by amine laden wastewater periodically, bringing operation difficulties to the biological treatment units. Data on the treatability, shock load behaviour and on long term system stability of biological treatment of amines are therefore required. Shake-flask test results showed that pure diethanol amine and diisopropanol amines have characteristics of persistent compounds. Each of the two compounds has a prolonged lag time when first inocul

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20

Desmiarti, Reni, Yoji Morishita, Tomonari Fujisawa, Yasushi Ishiguro, Toshiro Yamada, and Fusheng Li. "Characteristics of Nanoparticles in Drinking Water Treatment using Biological Activated Carbon." MATEC Web of Conferences 156 (2018): 03039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815603039.

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Characteristics of nanoparticles in drinking water treatment were performed using five types of biological activated carbon (BAC) columns (BAC1-BAC5) in continuous flow experiments. The BAC was created by covering granular activated carbon (GAC) with attached microorganisms from water samples taken from the Nagara River in Japan. The total running time was about 2000 h. The characteristics of the nanoparticles were investigated based on size distribution and volume distribution measured by Zetasizer Nano. Total dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and ultraviolet absorbance at 260 nm (UV260) were al

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21

Lee, Kang Hoon, Imtiaz Afzal Khan, Muhammad Ali Inam, Rizwan Khan, Young Min Wie, and Ick Tae Yeom. "Efficacy of Continuous Flow Reactors for Biological Treatment of 1,4-Dioxane Contaminated Textile Wastewater Using a Mixed Culture." Fermentation 8, no. 4 (2022): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8040143.

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The goal of this study was to evaluate the biodegradation of 1,4–dioxane using a mixed biological culture grown in textile wastewater sludge with 1,4–dioxane as the sole carbon source. The conditions for the long-term evaluation of 1,4–dioxane degradation were determined and optimized by batch scale analysis. Moreover, Monod’s model was used to determine the biomass decay rate and unknown parameters. The soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) was used to determine the concentration of 1,4–dioxane in the batch test, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to measure the concent

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22

Truong, Canh Thanh. "TREATMENT OF OF PIGGERY WASTEWATER BY BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY - UPFLOW SLUDGE BLANKET FILTER (USBF)." Science and Technology Development Journal 13, no. 1 (2010): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v13i1.2081.

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This paper describes a research to use an innovative combined biological process, upflow sludge blanket filter (USBF), that rapidly and economically remove BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus from piggery wastewater. The USBF design is a continuous flow system incorporating the aeration zone, clarifier and anoxic zone into a single tank. The research showed a result of 97%, 80%, 94%, 90% and 85% for COD, BOD5, SS, nitrogen and phosphorus removal, respectively. This is concluded that USBF can be used as a simple and economic method to treat pigerry wastewater.

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23

Bortone, G., R. Saltarelli, V. Alonso, R. Sorm, J. Wanner, and A. Tilche. "Biological anoxic phosphorus removal - the dephanox process." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 1-2 (1996): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0363.

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Simultaneous enhanced biological phosphate uptake and biological denitrification under anoxic conditions were investigated in a modified lab-scale nutrient removal activated sludge system (DEPHANOX). The aim of the experiments was to find whether it can be technologically convenient to use the capability of poly-P bacteria of taking up phosphate under anoxic condition by utilizing nitrate as electron acceptor. An experimental comparison of removal efficiencies with a more conventional treatment flow scheme (JHB), using low influent TKN/COD ratio, was also carried out. Phosphate uptake in anoxi

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24

El-Gohary, F. A., S. I. Abou-Elela, and H. I. Aly. "Evaluation of biological technologies for wastewater treatment in the pharmaceutical industry." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 11 (1995): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0389.

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Wastewater from a pharmaceutical and chemical company provides the material of this study. The company produces drugs, diuretics, laboratory chemicals and others. The company is located 30 km north of Cairo, and discharges both industrial (1050 m3/d) and human wastewater (8400 m3/d) without treatment into a near-by evaporation pond. Reduction of pollutants in the wastewater down to permissible concentrations is necessary for the protection of ground water and the environment. Analysis of the combined wastes indicated that it is very acidic and contains high concentrations of organic compounds

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Sipaúba-Tavares, LH, CST Guariglia, and FMS Braga. "Effects of rainfall on water quality in six sequentially disposed fishponds with continuous water flow." Brazilian Journal of Biology 67, no. 4 (2007): 643–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842007000400008.

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An investigation was carried out during the rainy period in six semi-intensive production fish ponds in which water flowed from one pond to another without undergoing any treatment. Eight sampling sites were assigned at pond outlets during the rainy period (December-February). Lowest and highest physical and chemical parameters of water occurred in pond P1 (a site near the springs) and in pond P4 (a critical site that received allochthonous material from the other ponds and also from frog culture ponds), respectively. Pond sequential layout caused concentration of nutrients, chlorophyll-a and

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26

Taseli, Basak (Kilic), and C. F. Gokcay. "Biological Treatment of Paper Pulping Effluents by Using a Fungal Reactor." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 11-12 (1999): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0699.

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Pulp and paper plants are amongst the most polluter industries in this country and elsewhere. Most of the organic halides (AOX) and colour from pulp bleaching units are discharged to the receiving basins without being fully treated. A fungus, which is able to affect over 50% AOX and colour removals from soft-wood bleachery effluents within two days contact time, have been isolated in this laboratory. Optimum condition for dechlorination by this fungus in batch tests was determined as pH 5.5 and 25 °C. The low agitation speeds required by the fungus indicated its tendency towards immobilisation

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27

ZOU, Haiming, and Xiwu LU. "AN INNOVATIVE CONTINUOUS FLOW BNR-IC PROCESS FOR NUTRIENTS REMOVAL AND PHOSPHORUS RECOVERY FROM SYNTHETIC AND REAL DOMESTIC WASTEWATER." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT 24, no. 2 (2016): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2015.1113180.

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An innovative continuous flow process linking biological nutrients removal (BNR) with induced crystallization (IC) was used to remove nutrients and recover phosphorus (P) from synthetic and real domestic wastewater. The results showed that a good nutrients removal performance was found regardless of feeding solutions. P recovery efficiency from synthetic wastewater was 70.2% slightly less than that from real domestic sewage (74.2%). Importantly, P recovery can effectively enhance the subsequent biological P removal. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) a

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28

Novia, Fanny, Erika Herliana, and Jeni Saepurohman. "Kinetic Model of Chemical Organic Matter Removal in Facultative Pond Set A in Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Bojongsoang, West Java." Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan 19, no. 2 (2024): 220–27. https://doi.org/10.23955/rkl.v19i2.41659.

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Kinetic models are widely used to predict the performance of biological treatment systems. The facultative ponds are applied as a biological treatment for domestic wastewater in the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) located in Bojongsoang, Bandung Regency, West Java. This study aims to evaluate the suitability of several kinetic models for the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal process that occurs in facultative ponds in WWTP Bojongsoang. The best kinetic model will provide a more accurate predictions of COD effluent concentrations in facultative ponds. Data series of COD influent and efflue

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29

Nogueira, E. W., F. M. Licona, L. A. G. Godoi, G. Brucha, and M. H. R. Z. Damianovic. "Biological treatment removal of rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) and metals from actual acid mine drainage." Water Science and Technology 80, no. 8 (2019): 1485–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.398.

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Abstract Actual acid mine drainage (AMD) containing a high concentration of sulfate (∼1,000 mg·L−1), dissolved metals, uranium, rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) was treated using a down-flow fixed-structured bed biological reactor (DFSBR). The reactor was operated in a continuous flow mode for 175 days and the temperature was maintained at 30 °C. The synthetic AMD was gradually replaced by the actual AMD in 20, 50 and 75% of the total medium volume. Sugarcane vinasse was used as the electron donor and the influent pH of the reactor was decreased from 6.9 to 4.6 until the system collapsed.

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Mohammed, Noor Abdul Ameer, Abeer I. Alwared, and Mohammed S. Salman. "The Continuous Decolorization of Reactive Yellow Dye using Advanced Oxidation Reactors." Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 21, no. 2 (2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31699/ijcpe.2020.2.1.

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The reactive yellow azo dye (λmax = 420 nm) is widely utilized for textile coloring due to its low-cost stability and tolerance properties. Treatment of dye-containing wastewater by traditional methods is usually inadequate because of its resistance to biological and chemical degradation. From this research, the continuous reactor of an advanced oxidation method supported the use of H2O2/TiO2/UV to remove the coloration of the reactive yellow dye from the discharge. At constant best conditions obtained from the batch reactor tests pH=7, H2O2 dosage = 400 mg/l and TiO2=25mg/l , the aqueous solu

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Андреев, С. Ю., С. В. Степанов, and А. К. Стрелков. "Mathematical modeling of the wastewater biological treatment process in a plug flow aeration tank." Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaia tehnika, no. 12 (December 12, 2022): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35776/vst.2022.12.05.

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Приведены результаты теоретических исследований кинетики процессов биохимического окисления органических загрязнений сточных вод микроорганизмами активного ила. Показано, что величину среднедействующей удельной скорости окисления органических загрязнений сточных вод активным илом аэротенка-вытеснителя можно определить, используя теорему о среднем значении непрерывной функции f(L), интегрируемой в некотором промежутке изменения ее переменной от Lн до Lк. Интегрированием уравнения Михаэлиса–Ментен получена математическая модель, базирующаяся на фундаментальных закономерностях ферментативной кине

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Chithra Devi, Rengaraj, Nirmaladevi D. Shrinithivihahshini, and Rajendran Viji. "Study on the efficiency of continuous flow-based constructed wetland system for grey water treatment." International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research 3, no. 5 (2017): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7439/ijasr.v3i5.4198.

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Water is inevitable for our life. Due to the population growth, there is a tremendous pressure on the existing fresh water resources such as surface water and ground water. Increasing water demand and improper usage of potable water lead to scarcity of fresh water resources. Globally, treating grey water is a real constraint to minimize the problem of water scarcity. The continuous flow-based constructed wetland system for grey water treatment is a technique for reusing the domestic grey water and it is a low-cost method. The current study was aimed to evolve a suitable user-friendly treatment

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Nenov, Valentin. "TSS/BOD removal efficiency and cost comparison of chemical and biological wastewater treatment." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 7 (1995): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0234.

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Based on standard settling column tests, Jar tests and continuous activated sludge laboratory experiments as well as combination of these processes implemented for a treatment of municipal wastewater with a composition typical for the influent water of Ravda Municipal Wastewater Treatment (MWWT) plant, the removal efficiency obtained in respect of the total suspended solids (TSS) and the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) was evaluated. The laboratory experiments confirmed the high efficiency of the chemically enhanced mechanical treatment (CEMT) towards TSS and BOD/COD removal. The data obtained

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He, Can, Jianbing Wang, Heng Xu, Xiangyu Ji, Weiyi Wang, and Xieyang Xu. "Treatment of Bio-Treated Coking Wastewater by Catalytic Ozonation with Semi-Batch and Continuous Flow Reactors." Water 12, no. 9 (2020): 2532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092532.

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In this work, the treatment of bio-treated coking wastewater (BCW) by catalytic ozonation was conducted in semi-batch and continuous flow reactors. The kinetics of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal were analyzed using BCWs from five coking plants. An integral reactor with catalytic ozonation stacked by ozone absorption (IR) was developed, and its efficiency was studied. The catalyst of MnxCe1-xO2/γ-Al2O3 was efficient in the catalytic ozonation process for the treatment of various BCWs. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies after 120 min reaction were 64–74%. The overall app

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Jinde, Reena Laxman. "Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) Technology." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 05 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem47976.

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Abstract The Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) is a widely adopted aerobic treatment technology for municipal and industrial wastewater. As a variant of the activated sludge process, SBR operates in time-sequenced steps within a single or multiple tanks. These tanks can function as either plug flow or completely mixed reactors, receiving raw wastewater (influent) at one end and discharging treated effluent at the other. In multi-tank configurations, while one tank undergoes settling and decanting, the other fills and aerates, ensuring continuous treatment. Some designs incorporate a bio-selector—

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Pandoli, Omar, Fatima Ventura Pereira-Meirelles, Eric Monteiro Lobo Lobo Luz, et al. "Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles with Potential Antifungical Activity for Bamboo Treatment." Key Engineering Materials 668 (October 2015): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.668.86.

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To increase the durability of bamboo it is important to find an easy method to fill the micro and meso structure of the biological matrix using a nanostructural material with an anti-fungical activity. A colloidal solution of silver nanoparticle (Ag-NPs) is a dispersion of metal nanoparticle in water with a diameter between 5-100 nm. Even if the biological mechanism is not completly understood yet, Ag-NPs show a satisfactory bactericidal and antifungical activity. We present a simple and rapid production of Ag-NPs made by a sol-gel synthesis in flow mode by means of microreactor tecnology thro

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Bhattarai, Kiran K., Chongrak Polprasert, and Bindu N. Lohani. "Models for Aquacultural Treatment of Septage." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 7-8 (1986): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0280.

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The research programme on aquacultural treatment of nightsoil has been conducted at the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) for about 10 years. This paper emphasizes only the research scheme in which nightsoil is fed directly into single-stage, non-flow-through ponds for the production of algae and fish Tilapia (Qreochromisniloticus). The culture of herbivorous fish such as Tilapia in the same pond to graze on the algae is practical, in order to produce the fish protein biomass which is easily harvestable for animal (or human) food. Dynamic and empirical models describing the performance of ni

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Gavasci, Renato, Agostina Chiavola, and Massimo Spizzirri. "Technical-economical analysis of selected decentralized technologies for municipal wastewater treatment in the city of Rome." Water Science and Technology 62, no. 6 (2010): 1371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.337.

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Several wastewater treatment technologies were evaluated as alternative systems to the more traditional centralized continuous flow system to serve decentralized areas of the city of Rome (Italy). For instance, the following technologies were selected: (1) Constructed wetlands, (2) Membrane Biological Reactor, (3) Deep Shaft, (4) Sequencing Batch Reactor, and (5) Combined Filtration and UV-disinfection. Such systems were distinguished based on the limits they are potentially capable of accomplishing on the effluent. Consequently, the SBR and DS were grouped together for their capability to com

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Odendaal, P. E. "Wastewater Reclamation Technologies and Monitoring Techniques." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 9 (1991): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0247.

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The paper deals with technologies for the direct reuse of treated municipal wastewater. The choice of reclamation technologies is determined by the quality of the wastewater, quality criteria for the reuse applications, reliability, operational considerations and the extent of control over the total treatment sequence. Catchment quality control as well as flow and quality equalisation should be regarded as first steps and an integral part of reclamation technology. Biological treatment is of primary importance, and special attention is given to the benefits for reclamation of activated sludge

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Rathnaweera, S. S., B. Rusten, L. D. Manamperuma, S. Wang, and B. Helland. "Innovative, compact and energy-efficient biofilm process for nutrient removal from wastewater." Water Science and Technology 81, no. 9 (2020): 1941–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2020.245.

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Abstract Rapid population growth, industrial development and stringent demand for treatment of wastewater require developing and emerging economies to upgrade existing wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) or planning new WWTPs. In the context of unavailability or unaffordability of land and resources for infrastructure expansion, low cost, small footprint, less energy consumption and product reuse are some of the major factors to be considered when either upgrading or designing new WWTPs in developing and emerging economies. Although the transition from activated sludge to biofilm processes has

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Jethwa, Dr Kruti B. "A Review on Design Basis for Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VIII (2021): 373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37163.

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Since last few years Constructed Wetlands (CWs) are being used to treat secondary or tertiary municipal or domestic wastewater effluents have been recognized as an effective means of “green technology” for wastewater treatment. Constructed wetlands (CWs) provide a natural way for simple, inexpensive, and robust wastewater treatment. The idea of natural management systems is the restoration of disturbed ecosystems and their sustainability for remuneration to nature. The Constructed wetlands (CWs) are designed to copy natural wetland systems, utilizing wetland plants, soil and associated microor

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Tracy, Mark L., Sue E. Littlefield, and Gregory Möller. "Continuous Flow Vapor Generation for Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma Spectrometric Analysis. Part 2. Arsenic." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 74, no. 3 (1991): 516–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/74.3.516.

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Abstract Total arsenic Is determined by Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission using hydride vapor generation. A 1 g sample is wet ashed in a 16 X 150 mm 10 mL volumetric test tube on a programmed heating block with nitric, sulfuric, and perchloric acids at up to 310 °C. After treatment with hydrochloric acid and potassium iodide, arsenic Is reduced by sodium borohydride to arsine In a simplified continuous flow manifold. A standard pneumatic nebulizer effects the gasliquid separation of AsH3, which is quantified by ICP atomic emission at 193.756 nm. The instrument detection limit for the

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Zhao, Shuang, and Cui Ping Wang. "Simultaneous COD and Nitrogen Removal in Up-Flow Microaerobic-Oxic (M/O) Process for Domestic Wastewater Treatment." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 2739–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.2739.

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A novel process for improving the energy use and treatment efficiency of the biological nitrogen removal process, up-flow microaerobic-oxic (M/O) process which is composed of up-flow micro-aerobic and aeration was proposed based on a laboratory scale for domestic wastewater treatment, the dissolved oxygen (DO) in up-flow micro-aerobic was in the range of (0~0.5) mg/L. The M/O process performance under different hydraulic retention time (HRT) and Internal return ratio (r) was investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the average removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitr

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Zhylkybayev, T. S., A. D. Zolotov, B. Kopabaeva, N. K. Algazinov, D. A. Zhumagazhinоv, and G. Shuitenov. "INVESTIGATION OF THE OPERATION OF INTELLIGENT WATER TREATMENT PLANT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS." Bulletin of Shakarim University. Technical Sciences, no. 2(18) (July 8, 2025): 56–65. https://doi.org/10.53360/2788-7995-2025-2(18)-7.

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The purpose of the research in this article is to improve the operation of urban water treatment plants using biological purification using neural network technologies. Before controlling aeration in the aeration tank, the neural network processes the volume of incoming wastewater (flow and level sensors measure the volume of incoming wastewater, flow rate and its dynamics. Dissolved oxygen sensors monitor the oxygen level in the aeration tank, which is critical for the work of microorganisms, for example, if an increase in water volume is predicted, the system increases the oxygen supply in a

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Rosa-Masegosa, Aurora, Barbara Muñoz-Palazon, Alejandro Gonzalez-Martinez, Massimiliano Fenice, Susanna Gorrasi, and Jesus Gonzalez-Lopez. "New Advances in Aerobic Granular Sludge Technology Using Continuous Flow Reactors: Engineering and Microbiological Aspects." Water 13, no. 13 (2021): 1792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13131792.

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Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) comprises an aggregation of microbial cells in a tridimensional matrix, which is able to remove carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous as well as other pollutants in a single bioreactor under the same operational conditions. During the past decades, the feasibility of implementing AGS in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) for treating sewage using fundamentally sequential batch reactors (SBRs) has been studied. However, granular sludge technology using SBRs has several disadvantages. For instance, it can present certain drawbacks for the treatment of high flow rates; f

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Aziz, Faissal, Mounir El Achaby, Amina Lissaneddine, et al. "Composites with alginate beads: A novel design of nano-adsorbents impregnation for large-scale continuous flow wastewater treatment pilots." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 27, no. 10 (2020): 2499–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.11.019.

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Nowak, Agata, Robert Mazur, Ewa Panek, and Joanna Chmist. "Model Studies on the Effectiveness of MBBR Reactors for the Restoration of Small Water Reservoirs." E3S Web of Conferences 30 (2018): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183002004.

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The authors present the Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) model with a quasi-continuous flow for small water reservoir restoration, characterized by high concentrations of organic pollutants. To determine the efficiency of wastewater treatment the laboratory analysis of physic-chemical parameters were conducted for the model on a semi-technical scale of 1:3. Wastewater treatment process was carried out in 24 h for 1 m3 for raw sewage. The startup period was 2 weeks for all biofilters (biological beds). Approximately 50% reduction in COD and BOD5 was obtained on average for the studied bioreact

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Calzavara, Diego, Davide Ferraro, Lucio Litti, et al. "Single File Flow of Biomimetic Beads for Continuous SERS Recording in a Microfluidic Device." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2018 (June 20, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2849175.

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A major challenge in cancer treatment is the quantification of biomarkers associated with a specific cancer type. Important biomarkers are the circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detached from the main cancer and circulating in the blood. CTCs are very rare and their identification is still an issue. Although CTCs quantification can be estimated by using fluorescent markers, all the fluorescence techniques are strongly limited by the number of emissions (therefore markers) that can be discriminated with one exciting line, by their bleaching characteristics, and by the intrinsic autofluorescence of

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Hu, Kun, Zhen Zhong Li, Yong Guo, and Wei Xing Huang. "Operating Conditions and Kinetics of Wastewater Treatment in a Three-Phase Biological Fluidized Bed Reactor." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 1989–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.1989.

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Systematic experiments were carried out with synthetic wastewater in order to investigate the operating conditions and kinetics of wastewater treatment in a three-phase biological fluidized bed reactor. It is found that with the COD loading rate changed stepwise from 3.5 to 11.2 kg COD/m3•d, the reactor can rapidly restore from each impact of COD load and maintain the removal rate for COD at 85% or above, presenting a high flexibility for the variation of organic loading rate (OLR) in the influent. While the operating OLR keeps constant, the increase of influent COD and NH3-N concentrations wi

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Woolard, C. R. "The advantages of periodically operated biofilm reactors for the treatment of highly variable wastewater." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 1 (1997): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0046.

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Many wastes generated by industry, at hazardous wastes sites and at landfill experience shock loads of inhibitory organic compounds which can upset biological treatment systems. Biofilm reactors can be used to treat these wastes. However, the continuous flow mode operation normally used results in biofilm stratification and uneven biomass distribution that limits the ability of biofilm processes to treat shock loads. Periodic operation of biofilm reactors is advantageous because even biomass distribution can be obtained. In addition, data from membrane sequencing batch biofilm reactors indicat

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