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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Continuous flow'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Faizullah, Azad Tawfiq. "Continuous flow injection analysis." Thesis, University of Hull, 1985. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:16437.

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2

Pal, S. "Understanding flow of solid in continuous flow reactors." Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2019. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/5989.

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3

McPake, Christopher C. "New continuous flow oxidation methodology." Thesis, Durham University, 2011. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3244/.

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The HOF.MeCN complex, formed from the reaction of elementary fluorine with aqueous acetonitrile, was discovered by Shlomo Rozen in 1987 and, in a series of publications, he demonstrated that the complex is a uniquely effective electrophilic oxygen transfer agent. However, it is estimated that the HOF.MeCN complex has a half life of a few hours at 0ºC and thus, must be produced and used immediately when required. In addition to this, highly exothermic, rapid oxidation processes can be problematic with reaction control and safety when reagents are added into an excess of a highly oxidizing mediu

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4

Dahnoun, Naim. "Continuous monitoring of blood flow." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/34319.

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An extensive review of the literature revealed that there are still significant weakness in the available technology for blood flow measurement. This dissertation describes two techniques for blood velocity measurement. The first is an invasive method which uses multimodal optical fibres for light transmission to and from a sensing tip, which attenuates the light depending upon the blood velocity. The design and construction of this flowmeter is presented and bench results shown. The modulated light is transmitted to the detection and processing circuit and provision is made for the transducer

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5

Lovick, Jonathon. "Horizontal, oil-water flows in the dual continuous flow regime." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1383486/.

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The research presented in this thesis is concerned with the flow behaviour of two-phase, liquid-liquid, oil-water flow through horizontal pipes. The test liquids used were oil (density 828kg/rn3, viscosity 6x iO 3 Pa s) and water, with experiments carried out in a purpose built test facility with a stainless steel pipe (internal dia. 38mm, length 8m). Visual observation of the flow was possible at low mixture velocities through a lm transparent pipe at the end of the test section. At higher mixture velocities local probes were used for flow pattern identification. These local probes were a con

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6

Bessoth, Fiona Gabriele. "Microstructure for efficient continuous flow mixing." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367869.

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7

Scovell, Katherine A. "Continuous flow reactions at high pressure." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.537684.

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8

Mueller, Simon T. R. "Diazo compounds in continuous flow technology." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/86662/.

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Diazo compounds are highly reactive carbene precursors which can be used to generate molecular complexity rapidly. However, diazo compounds are highly energetic and dangerous compounds and therefore, their use in large-scale applications remains rare. In this work, the use of continuous flow technology for the safe, efficient and scalable use of diazo compounds is described. By using flow chemistry, diazo compounds were safely generated within small diameter devices and directly used in subsequent reactions without a hazardous isolation of the diazo reagents. This thesis describes five new pro

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9

Sharma, Y. "Continuous flow synthesis of organic compounds." Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2017. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/4520.

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10

Kelly, Liam P. (Liam Porter). "Development of a continuous-flow synthesis of neostigmine methylsulfate and studies toward a continuous-flow synthesis of lisinopril." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122853.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 2019<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>[color illustration] Herein, we describe the development of a continuous flow synthesis of neostigmine methyl sulfate, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor on the WHO list of essential medicines, and the transfer of the synthesis into a next-generation reconfigurable frame developed by our collaborators. Starting from 3-dimethylaminophenol, the synthesis provides a throughput of approximately 46.8 g/day (or 93,600 doses/day) of cr

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11

Peterson, Olga Yuris. "Transferring pharmaceutical batch technology to continuous flow." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39510.

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The current trend in the pharmaceutical industry is towards continuous flow processes. Continuous flow reactor technology can produce a cheaper, better quality product at reduced energy and environmental cost through more efficient mass and heat transfer. It also enables a simplified and faster approach to bulk production by scaling out as opposed to scaling up. The research presented here focuses on the configuration and installation of a continuous flow system into the laboratory, and the transfer of a Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reduction from batch to continuous mode. The Corning® glas

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12

Rossi, D. "Adipic acid sonocrystallization in continuous flow microchannels." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1557884/.

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Crystallization is widely employed in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals during the intermediate and final stages of purification and separation. The process defines drug chemical purity and physical properties: crystal morphology, size distribution, habit and degree of perfection. Particulate pharmaceuticals are typically manufactured in conventional batch stirred tank crystallizers that are still inadequate with regard to process controllability and reproducibility of the final crystalline product. Variations in crystal characteristics are responsible for a wide range of pharmaceutical formu

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13

Nagy, Kevin David. "Catalyst immobilization techniques for continuous flow synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70405.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, February 2012.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 181-199).<br>Catalytic processes are ubiquitous in both research and industrial settings. As continuous flow processes continue to gain traction in research labs and fine and pharmaceutical chemical processes, new opportunities exist for implementing previously difficult catalytic transformations. The major goal of this thesis is to expand and evaluate techniques for immobilized catalyst systems relevant to con

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14

Kralj, Jason G. "Continuous flow separation techniques for microchemical synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34164.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, February 2006.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 146-153).<br>Performing multistep microchemical synthesis requires many techniques from combining micromixers in series to the development of continuous microfluidic separation tools. Safety, high heat and mass transfer rates, and cost savings all continue to motivate microreactor development as a research tool, but many reactions generate a variety of (by)products including solid particles, immiscible fluids (gas and liquid), and miscible compone

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15

Oliveira, Celina Rodrigues de. "Crystallization of vitamin D3 in continuous flow." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/21298.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Química<br>A vitamina D3 é um micronutriente essencial para o metabolismo do cálcio, sendo esta maioritariamente sintetizada na pele do ser humano, quando exposta a radiação UVB. Contudo, inúmeros factores têm vindo a reduzir a nossa exposição à luz solar, diminuindo assim os níveis de vitamina D3 no corpo humano a nível global e aumentando a preocupação por parte de diversas instituições médicas a nível mundial. Para superar esta deficiência em vitamina, a vitamina D3 tem sido adicionada à alimentação humana através de alimentos fortificados e de suplementos alimentares

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16

Porta, R. "STEREOSELECTIVE CATALYTIC REACTIONS UNDER CONTINUOUS FLOW CONDITIONS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/479336.

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This PhD Thesis deals with the application of different catalytic methodologies under continuous flow conditions. In particular, the combination of flow chemistry with different enabling technologies is explored. In Chapter 1 the combination of continuous flow processes with the use of different solid supported chiral organocatalysts is described. The fabrication of chiral, packed-bed and monolithic, organocatalytic reactors and their use in stereoselective transformations are reported. The possibility to recycle the immobilized chiral catalysts is also discussed. - In section 1.2 the use of

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17

Lawrence, J. P. "Microfluidic tangential flow filter and continuous-flow reactor for bioprocess development." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1468842/.

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The development of new biocatalytic processes is hindered by the number of factors that must be investigated and optimised in order to create a robust and reproducible process, particularly where a novel enzyme is involved. It is therefore advantageous to perform process development experiments at micro scale, in order to reduce the material requirement for experimentation and increase experimental throughput by parallelisation. The initial focus of the thesis is on the design of a microfluidic tangential flow filter to test downstream processing conditions. The device was designed for reversi

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18

Kriel, Johannes Nicolaas. "Non-perturbative flow equations from continuous unitary transformations." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1076.

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19

Wittering, Kate. "Multi-component crystallisation in the continuous flow environment." Thesis, University of Bath, 2016. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.687312.

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The research described in this thesis was carried out as part of the EPSRC National Centre in Continuous Manufacturing and Crystallisation (CMAC), whose vision is to accelerate the adoption of continuous manufacturing processes for the production of high-value chemical products. Results focus upon the crystallisation of multi-component molecular complexes (MMCs), in particular co-crystals, an important class of potential functional molecular materials. MMCs are commonly discovered through small scale batch solvent evaporation, a method that provides little control over the crystallisation proc

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20

Weeranoppanant, Nopphon. "Integrated continuous-flow chemistry enabled by multistage separations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106127.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, 2016.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 79-85).<br>Flow chemistry is becoming an accepted method of continuous synthesis with its considerable advantages over batch chemistry, such as smaller infrastructure, faster production, and safer operation for aggressive reactions or extreme conditions. However, to realize the full benefits of flow chemistry in multi-step reactions, continuous work-up techniques are needed. They will eliminate intermediate batch

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21

Bartlett, Bruce. "Flow equations for hamiltonians from continuous unitary transformations." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53428.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis presents an overview of the flow equations recently introduced by Wegner. The little known mathematical framework is established in the initial chapter and used as a background for the entire presentation. The application of flow equations to the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation and to the elimination of the electron-phonon coupling in a solid is reviewed. Recent flow equations approaches to the Lipkin model are examined thoroughly, paying special attention to their utility near the phase change boundary. We pre

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22

Plaza, Dorota. "Continuous flow processes for catalytic upgrading of biofeedstocks." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/66188/.

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This thesis is dedicated to continuous flow processes for the catalytic transformation of biofeedstocks into fine and speciality chemicals. Four processes, namely epoxidation and ethenolysis of a bio-waste triglyceride, reduction of artemisinin and etherification of dihydroartemisinin were developed under batch and flow conditions. First, an epoxidation reaction was studied using a modified WVI/PV/H2O2/PTC catalyst complex. The reaction proceeded with high selectivity to oleic epoxide (86 %) and high conversion (100 %) towards the epoxidation reaction in both, batch and flow systems. The entha

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23

Schotten, Christiane. "Investigating multistep continuous flow processes using diazonium salts." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/113812/.

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This thesis describes the investigation of continuous flow processes that incorporate the generation and use of diazonium salts. In this manner, processes for the preparation of triazenes, indoles and acridones have been developed. Diazonium salts are potentially unstable and hazardous and have to be handled with care. The use of continuous flow processes enables the safe synthesis avoiding accumulation of large quantities. This is due to the possibility to intercept intermediates at a precise point in time within a closed system. Diazonium salts were prepared via in situ diazotization of anil

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24

Sagandira, Cloudius Ray. "Exploring acyl azides chemistry in continuous flow systems." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/12065.

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Organic azides are important in the synthesis of many target molecules of great use in fine chemical and pharmaceutical production. The use of this class of compounds is however limited due to their hazardous nature and many safety concerns, as they are highly exothermic. Micro reactors can handle exotherms extremely well, due to the inherent high surface area to volume ratio, unlike the conventional batch process. This dissertation therefore aims to investigate the safe application of micro reactors in acyl azide chemistry.With this in mind, Chapter 1 provides a comprehensive background on or

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25

Sinha, Asish Kumar. "Melt flow and cleanliness in continuous casting tundishes /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487686243820661.

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26

Pereira, Fiona Marie. "Continuous and segmented-flow microfluidics for biomolecular analysis." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/9302.

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Segmented flows in microfluidics have attracted much recent attention. Of particular interest is the use of nanolitre droplets as interface tools in microfluidics. A droplet interface connects techniques while leaving them sufficiently independent of each other; a task that difficult to perform within a continuous flow system. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to sample preparation and analysis in continuous flow microfluidic systems. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is investigated, using electroosmotic flow to transport the sample across various temperature zones. Additionally, a

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27

Cullen, Christopher J. "Application of continuous-flow nanoreactors to catalyst screening." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11987.

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28

Veremieiev, Sergii. "Gravity-driven continuous thin film flow over topography." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1688/.

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This thesis is directed primarily at a systematic theoretical investigation of gravity-driven thin film flow over various topographical features, the effect of inertia being of particular interest. The problem is solved using a hierarchy of models based, in order of decreasing complexity, on (i) the full Navier-Stokes system of equations; (ii) a depth averaged form of the latter; (iii) the lubrication equations. Every effort has been made to solve the underlying discrete equation set in each case efficiently using state-of-the-art solution strategies, thus guaranteeing accurate and mesh-indepe

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29

Vicens, Jim. "Continuous Zeolite Crystallization in Micro-Batch Segmented Flow." Digital WPI, 2018. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1307.

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Zeolites are porous aluminosilicates that occur both naturally and synthetically, having numerous applications in catalysis, adsorption and separations. Despite over a half century of characterization and synthetic optimization of hundreds of frameworks, the exact mechanism of synthesis remains highly contested, with crystallization typically occurring under transport-limited regimes. In this work, a microcrystallization reactor working under segmented oscillatory flow has been designed to produce a semi-continuous flow of zeolite A. The fast injection of the reactants in a mixing section form

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30

Barestrand, Henrik, and Tobias Forslund. "Numerical & physical modelling of fluid flow in a continuous casting mould : Flow dynamics studies for flexible operation of continuous casters." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-59847.

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The current demands on Swedish steel industry to produce low quantity batches of specialized products requires research on steel casting processes. There are several physical processes that need be taken into account for this problem to be viewed in full light such as thermal-processes, solidiﬁcation and ﬂuid dynamics. This work focuses on the ﬂuid-dynamics part; more speciﬁcally, the dependence of ﬂow quality within the caster on nozzle and mould geometry. The simulations are carried out using a scale-resolving method, in speciﬁc LES (Large Eddy Simulation) which is coupled with a DPM (Discre

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31

Rivard, Stephanie. "Evaluation of Continuous Flow Constructed Wetlands Treating Swine Waste." TopSCHOLAR®, 1997. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/352.

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The ability for wetlands to purify contaminated water is not a new concept. Natural wetlands have been cleansing water within our environment for ages. After studying the process of natural wetlands the same concept was applied to municipal waste. It is the success of constructed wetlands treating municipal waste that created the new idea for the application of a wetland system to treat wastewater from livestock facilities. Through proper design and management, constructed wetlands may be useful for reducing the nutrient concentration of waste (Rieck el al., 1996). Taking into consideration th

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32

Matys, Paul. "Fluid flow and heat transfer in continuous casting processes." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28504.

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A three-dimensional finite difference code was developed to simulate fluid flow and heat transfer phenomena in continuous casting processes. The mathematical model describes steady state transport phenomena in a three dimensional solution domain that involves: turbulent fluid flow, natural and forced convection, conduction, release of latent heat at the solidus surface, and tracing of unknown location of liquid/solid interface. The governing differential equations are discretized using a finite volume method and a hybrid central, upwind differencing scheme. A fully three-dimensional ADI-like

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33

Baker, Alastair. "Flow reactors for the continuous synthesis of garlic metabolites." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/86704/.

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Garlic secondary metabolites are organosulfur compounds that possess prophylactic properties. The chemical composition of garlic oil extracts consists of a combination of these compounds. The instability of a major component, allicin 5, limits the commercial viability of garlic oil extracts. The synthesis of garlics organosulfur compounds has been performed in batch reactors. In this thesis, flow reactors were utilised to improve the throughput, reduce the operating conditions. The thermolysis of allicin 5 is the solitary approach to produce the garlic metabolite, ajoene 14. Ajoene 14 has grea

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34

Kühn, Sebastian [Verfasser]. "Continuous traffic flow models and their applications / Sebastian Kühn." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1076437591/34.

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35

Glasgow, Graeme D. E. "Small continuous flow rate fluctuations in rapid gravity filtration." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1998. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/11365.

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Rapid gravity filters used in the treatment of drinking water are subject to small continuously occurring flow rate fluctuations known as surges. Large, step changes in the rate of flow have been shown to have a detrimental effect on filtrate quality. However, less is known about the effects of surging flow on rapid filter performance. Measurements by previous researchers have found that surges from 2 to 10 % of the flow rate are common and can occur as many as one hundred times per minute. It has been suggested that surging may significantly influence rapid filter performance but the effect h

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36

Gooden, Peter N. "Continuous-flow reactions of diols in supercritical carbon dioxide." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.580384.

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The continuous O-alkylation of alcohols and diols has been studied over solid acid catalysts in supercritical carbon dioxide, scC02, to examine the potential for performing highly selective, clean etherification reactions. An introduction to the application of these reactions with respect to green chemistry is presented in Chapter 1, focusing in particular, on the industrial use of alternative solvents and solid acid catalysts. The apparatus, experimental methods and analytical techniques are described in Chapter 2, and their use is illustrated with reference to the acid catalysed esterificati

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37

Smith, Laura Katherine. "Synthesis of value-added intermediates by continuous flow technology." Thesis, Durham University, 2018. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12526/.

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We present three projects linked by our use of continuous flow chemistry in the synthesis of organic intermediates. The first is the synthesis of 1,1'-spirobiindane-7,7'-diol (SPINOL) in 6 steps and 32% overall yield. The synthesis has been improved over the previous literature protocols as it is safer, scalable, and higher-yielding, with better robustness and reproducibility. We introduce two attempts towards the enantioselective synthesis of SPINOL. In the second project, we have developed a flow process based on the Vapourtec reactor to synthesise coumalic acid and methyl coumalate from mal

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38

Nieves, Remacha María José. "Microreactor technology : scale-up of multiphase continuous flow chemistries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91068.

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Thesis: Sc. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, 2014.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>Microreactors have been demonstrated to provide many advantages over conventional process technologies for the synthesis of chemical compounds and kinetic studies at the laboratory scale. High heat and mass transfer rates, rapid mixing, and higher selectivities and conversions can be achieved in these microdevices thanks to the small characteristic dimensions, enabling the synthesis of compounds that cannot be synth

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39

Duque, Ruben. "Supported ionic liquid phase catalysis in continuous supercritical flow." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3387.

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The separation of the expensive catalysts from the solvent and reaction products remains one of the major disadvantages of homogeneous catalytic reactions, which are otherwise advantageous because of their high activity, tuneable selectivity and ease of study. Ideally, the homogeneous reactions would be carried out in continuous flow mode with the catalyst remaining in the reactor at all times, whilst the substrates and products flow over the catalyst. The system we have been studying is one where the catalyst is dissolved in a thin film of an ionic liquid, and this is supported within the por

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40

Zheng, Mingzhi. "The development of a continuous oscillatory flow meso reactor." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612058.

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Smith, Christopher David. "The application of continuous flow technology for organic synthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611296.

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42

Anwar, A. "Continuous plastic flow synthesis and characterization of nanoscale bioceramics." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1458257/.

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The development and use of nanoscale biomaterials offer tremendous potential for future medical diagnosis and analysis. Various types of ceramic biomaterials (bioceramics) have been studied intensively for their potential in numerous biomedical applications. Among others, advances in the synthesis and characterisation of calcium phosphate (CaP) bioceramics have contributed much to this field. The growing demand for CaP bioceramics has stimulated research and production of materials suitable for biomedical applications such as implants. Among all the materials presented by the recent technology

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43

Wu, O. Y. "Continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis of lithium ion battery materials." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1455944/.

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There are a number of ways to improve the capacity of rechargeable batteries as suggested in the literature; carbon coating and reducing the particle size of the active material appear to be the most effective. In this work, the synthesis of pure phase LiFePO₄ nanoparticles was carried out directly in one step using the continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis (CHFS) system. Conventional synthesis methods require many steps and longer duration to obtain this cathode material. Microscopic data confirmed that the particles were successfully covered with an even carbon coating in situ where fructos

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44

Siguemoto, Érica Sayuri. "Continuous-flow microwave thermal processing of cloudy apple juice." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-25092018-075112/.

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Continuous-flow microwave heating is an alternative processing technology that can bring advantages to the pasteurization of food products, particularly, fruit-based beverages. This work aimed to study the continuous-flow microwave thermal processing of cloudy apple juice. Dielectric and electric properties of cloudy apple juices, obtained from different varieties and from an industrial plant, were determined from 500 to 3000 MHz and temperatures between 10 °C and 90 °C. At these frequencies, apple variety showed little influence and the permittivity decreased almost linearly with temperature.

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45

Starkey, Christopher L. "Continuous-flow hydrothermal and solvothermal synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37016/.

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Nanomaterials and nanotechnology are presently receiving high levels of interest which is aiding significant advancements to industrial and technological applications. New strategies towards nanoparticle synthesis are needed to produce high quality nanomaterials at industrially viable levels. This thesis presents the continuous flow hydrothermal and solvothermal synthesis (CFHSS) of a range of inorganic nanomaterials produced using a continuous-flow reactor designed at the University of Nottingham. The materials presented herein are currently industrially applicable or projected future trend m

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46

Channa, Sikandar Ali. "Synthesis of Ti-based nanoparticles in continuous flow microreactors." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4067/document.

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Des nanoparticules à basede titane dispersées dans des sols ou des gels avec une distribution de taille étroite permettent l’exacerbation des propriétés photochimiques de films photosensibles. Utilisés comme absorbeurs solaires dans les photobatteries, ils permettraient la conversion et le stockage de l'énergie solaire sous forme électrochimique. Dans ce travail, ces matériaux nanostructurés ont été produits par l'hydrolyse de TiOCl2,1.4HCl,7H2O dans du N, N-diméthylformamide (DMF),à l'intérieur d'un microréacteur afin d’assurer un meilleur contrôle en température et de confiner les fluides. E

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47

Russell, Mary Grace. "Invention and implementation of technologies for continuous flow synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127715.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, May, 2019<br>Cataloged from the PDF of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>In this thesis, I have optimized a synthesis of rufinamide an important epilepsy medication. This convergent synthesis generates two reactive intermediates in situ (aryl azide and propiolamide) and then combines them in a regioselective click reaction utilizing copper tubing as the catalyst. Next, I have optimized a synthesis of nicardipine which is prescribed to treat high blood pressure. The nature of the project required th

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48

Yang, Haur-Horng. "Flow field analysis of batch and continuous mixing equipment." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1056640764.

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49

McIlvenna, David. "Raman activated cell sorting and counting in continuous flow." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6333/.

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Bacteria play a key role in the natural maintenance of our ecosystem and are also used extensively in agriculture, environmental engineering and in the manufacturing of food products and medicines. However, it is estimated that up to 99% of all micro- organisms are currently unculturable. As a result, it is likely that a vast range of potentially useful phenotypes remain unknown. Current techniques to investigate unculturable cells, such as metagenomics, lack the ability to link a specific piece of genetic information to an originating cell. As heterogeneity of phenotypes exists in populations

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50

Wang, Yantao. "Synthesis and conversion of furfural-batch versus continuous flow." Thesis, Compiègne, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019COMP2474/document.

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Le furfural, identifié comme l'un des 30 principaux produits chimiques biologiques, est une molécule importante en terme de chimie verte et développement durable. L'objectif de ce travail de doctorat est de réaliser la synthèse et la conversion du furfural en flux continu et par lots. Ici, nous avons développé des méthodes plus éco-efficiente pour la synthèse du furfural, et valorisé le furfural en produits à haute valeur ajoutée, tels que le 2-furonitrile, l'alcool furfurylique, etc... Plusieurs questions clés ont été identifiées afin de concevoir des processus plus écologiques que les proces

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