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Journal articles on the topic 'Continuous Force'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Ma, Jian Dong, Yu Xiang Li, and Shu Zhong Lin. "Equal Strength Continuous Sucker Rod's Optimization Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 419 (October 2013): 240–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.419.240.

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In this paper, through the plunger Department of the sucker rod to conduct stress analysis, get the force of the plunger department; then create a mathematical model in the general position, because resistance along the way, dead weight, friction forces and so on, the sucker rod from the bottom up force will show increasing trend, according to equal strength concept, analysis each section forces to calculate the iteration equation; using MATLAB simulation software, the calculated result as control variables to achieve the sucker rod's optimal design.

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2

Gao, Shang, and Lei Wang. "Research on Simply-Supported Continuous Bridge’s Internal Force Optimized by Unequal Altitude Bearings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 2353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.2353.

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There is a big difference between force of the fulcrum positions when simply-supported continuous bridge(SSCB) is under load.This paper introduces a method of making SSCB’s fulcrum internal force under load more uniform through applying forced displacement produced by using enequal altitude bearings.Using the force method in structural mechanics infers the forced displacement formula, which provide a theoretical basis for improving SSCB’s structure stress.

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Lou, Ping, Yi-Wei Cheng, Te Li, and Xiang-Min Zhang. "Appropriate locations of fixed bearings of continuous beams considering rail-bridge thermal interaction." Science Progress 103, no. 4 (2020): 003685042098245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036850420982458.

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Due to the rail-bridge thermal interaction, the high additional axial force in continuously welded rails on continuous bridges may lead to rail buckling or breaking. However, there is little research on the influence of the location of the fixed bearing of continuous beam on the additional force of rail. In order to study the influence of bridge bearing arrangement on the additional longitudinal force of CWR, the thermal interaction model is established for rail, and simple and continuous beams considering nonlinear stiffness and the methods are proposed to determine the locations of fixed bea

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Pataky, Todd C., Greg P. Slota, Mark L. Latash, and Vladimir M. Zatsiorsky. "Is Power Grasping Contact Continuous or Discrete?" Journal of Applied Biomechanics 29, no. 5 (2013): 554–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.29.5.554.

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During power grasp, the number of local force maxima reflects either the central nervous system’s preferential use of particular hand regions, or anatomical constraints, or both. Previously, both bimodal and trimodal force maxima have been hypothesized for power grasp of a cylindrical handle. Here we measure the number of local force maxima, with a resolution of 4.8°, when performing pushing and pulling efforts in the plane perpendicular to the cylinder’s long axis. Twelve participants produced external forces to eight targets. The number of contacts was defined as the number of local maxima e

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Wan, Tao, Shu Juan Xi, and Xiu Mei Jin. "Research on Closure Jacking Forces of Continuous Multi-Span Rigid Frame Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 2205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.2205.

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After continuous multi-span rigid-frame bridge is closed up, long-term creep and shrinkage of concrete induce unfavorable effect on deformation and internal forces of main girder and piers. Imposing some horizontal jacking forces at closure stages is the key steps to ensure construction quality. Taking Mayinghe Bridge as study objective, main factors determining the jacking force value are analyzed. The deformation and internal forces at construction stage and operational stage of the bridge are calculated through FE method when different jacking force combination is applied at closure stage.

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Slifkin, A. B., and K. M. Newell. "NOISE IN CONTINUOUS FORCE PRODUCTION 135." Medicine &amp Science in Sports &amp Exercise 29, Supplement (1997): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199705001-00135.

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Li, Xiao Huo, and X. H. Ma. "Visual Simulation Study of Pick Loads on Continuous Miner." Key Engineering Materials 392-394 (October 2008): 471–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.392-394.471.

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A continuous miner is one of wall mechanized coal face; its design quality and performance have directly effect on coal productivity and economic benefits. A pick on a continuous miner, contacting with coal and rock, is a tool cutting directly coal and rock, its force condition during it cuts determines directly loads of the cutting mechanism, pick wear and tear, fabric vibration and cutting performance of the machine, is the basis for the design of a continuous miner. By considering a variety of factors, a mathematical model, including the coal and rock properties, structural parameters of a

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8

Therrien, Amanda S., James Lyons, and Ramesh Balasubramaniam. "Continuous theta-burst stimulation to primary motor cortex reveals asymmetric compensation for sensory attenuation in bimanual repetitive force production." Journal of Neurophysiology 110, no. 4 (2013): 872–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00988.2012.

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Studies of fingertip force production have shown that self-produced forces are perceived as weaker than externally generated forces. This is due to mechanisms of sensory reafference where the comparison between predicted and actual sensory feedback results in attenuated perceptions of self-generated forces. Without an external reference to calibrate attenuated performance judgments, a compensatory overproduction of force is exhibited. It remains unclear whether the force overproduction seen in the absence of visual reference stimuli differs when forces are produced bimanually. We studied perfo

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Grover, Francis M., Sarah M. Schwab, Paula L. Silva, Tamara Lorenz, and Michael A. Riley. "Flexible organization of grip force control during movement frequency scaling." Journal of Neurophysiology 122, no. 6 (2019): 2304–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00416.2019.

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The grip force applied to maintain grasp of a handheld object has been typically reported as tightly coupled to the load force exerted by the object as it is actively manipulated, occurring proportionally and consistently in phase with changes in load force. However, continuous grip force-load force coupling breaks down when overall load force levels and oscillation amplitudes are lower (Grover F, Lamb M, Bonnette S, Silva PL, Lorenz T, Riley MA. Exp Brain Res 236: 2531–2544, 2018) or more predictable (Grover FM, Nalepka P, Silva PL, Lorenz T, Riley MA. Exp Brain Res 237: 687–703, 2019). Under

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10

Lou, Ping, Te Li, Xinde Huang, Ganggui Huang, and Bin Yan. "Appropriate Matching Locations of Rail Expansion Regulator and Fixed Bearing of Continuous Beam Considering the Temperature Change of Bridge." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17 (2020): 6046. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10176046.

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Due to the temperature change of bridges, there is a great additional force in continuously welded rails on continuous bridges. Laying rail expansion regulators is an effective measure to reduce the additional force. The nonlinear finite element model is presented for a continuously welded rail track with a rail expansion regulator resting on the embankment and simple and continuous beams, considering the temperature change of the bridge. Then, a method is proposed to determine the locations of the rail expansion regulator and the fixed bearing of the continuous beam, corresponding to the maxi

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Sharma, Vineet, Supriya Nambiar, Poornima Manjrekar, Asavari Desai, and Pramod Philip. "Assessment of Myeloperoxidase Levels In Relation to the Nature and Duration of Orthodontic Forces – An In vivo, Split Mouth Study." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 11, no. 4 (2018): 2061–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1583.

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To assess the change in the myeloperoxidase levels(MPO)in the gingival crevicular fluid(GCF) at different time intervals during the course of orthodontic treatment with the application of intermittent and continuous forces. It was an interventional, split mouth study done on twenty patients scheduled to undergo fixed orthodontic treatment with therapeutic extractions of the first premolars.Mini implant assisted enmasse retraction was done after leveling and aligning of the arch.Continuous force with the help of Niti coil spring was used in the first quadrant and intermittent force with an elas

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Slifkin, Andrew B., and Kari M. Newell. "Variability and Noise in Continuous Force Production." Journal of Motor Behavior 32, no. 2 (2000): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222890009601366.

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Jordan, Laurence, Pascal Garrec, and Frédéric Prima. "Influence of Shape Memory Properties on Sliding Resistance in Fixed Orthodontic Appliances." Materials Science Forum 706-709 (January 2012): 514–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.706-709.514.

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Tooth movements in an orthodontic treatment are the result of an applied force system, wire-bracket-ligature, and the response of the bone tissue. Starting an orthodontic treatment, it is necessary to exercise a sufficient initial force and then to maintain to obtain a continuous tooth movement. Orthodontic wires, which generate the biomechanical forces, usually transfer forces through brackets to trigger tooth movement. In the case of excessive forces of friction, they are behaving as an opposing force with respect to the movement of the tooth, making it sometimes slower or incontrollable [1]

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Thabit, Fatima, and M. A. Shukri. "Impact of Gaussian Beam Spot Size on Trapping Forces: Continuous versus Pulsed Beams." مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا 2, no. 3 (2024): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.59628/jast.v2i3.1053.

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Theoretically, this study investigates the influence of Gaussian beam spot size on the trapping forces exerted on dielectric particles by continuous and pulsed beams. We analyzed the dependence of trapping efficiency on spot size in terms of both the force value and force influence area. Our theoretical framework considers a dielectric sphere immersed in a water medium and irradiated by these beams. The results demonstrated that pulsed Gaussian beam achieves superior and more consistent trapping efficiency compared to continuous beam for a wider range of spot sizes.

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Yan, Le, Yu Wang, Ping Wang, and Liu Hao. "Calculation and Analysis of Continuous Welded Rail on Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1593–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1593.

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At present, China's large span continuous rigid frame bridge (CRFB) has made rapid development, and has been applied in the railway bridges. This paper based on finite element analysis software ANSYS, using the simplified algorithm, establish a line - bridge - pier integration model for calculation of continuous welded rail (CWR) on bridge, the continuous rigid bridge and continuous rigid frame bridge (CGB) in two different conditions were compared and analyzed. The calculation results show that: the rail expansion force, bending force, braking force, rail broken gap of CRFB are smaller than t

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Kim, Yeoun-Jae, Joon-Yong Lee, and Ju-Jang Lee. "A force-resisting balance control strategy for a walking biped robot under an unknown, continuous force." Robotica 34, no. 7 (2014): 1495–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574714002616.

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SUMMARYIn this paper, we propose and examine a force-resisting balance control strategy for a walking biped robot under the application of a sudden unknown, continuous force. We assume that the external force is acting on the pelvis of a walking biped robot and that the external force in the z-direction is negligible compared to the external forces in the x- and y-directions. The main control strategy involves moving the zero moment point (ZMP) of the walking robot to the center of the robot's sole resisting the externally applied force. This strategy is divided into three steps. The first ste

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Arminjon, Mayeul. "Continuum dynamics and the electromagnetic field in the scalar ether theory of gravitation." Open Physics 14, no. 1 (2016): 395–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2016-0045.

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AbstractAn alternative, scalar theory of gravitation has been proposed, based on a mechanism/interpretation of gravity as being a pressure force: Archimedes’ thrust. In it, the gravitational field affects the physical standards of space and time, but motion is governed by an extension of the relativistic form of Newton’s second law. This implies Einstein’s geodesic motion for free particles only in a constant gravitational field. In this work, equations governing the dynamics of a continuous medium subjected to gravitational and non-gravitational forces are derived. Then, the case where the no

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Wickboldt, Nadine, Georges Savoldelli, and Benno Rehberg-Klug. "Continuous Assessment of Labour Pain using Handgrip Force." Pain Research and Management 20, no. 3 (2015): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/281976.

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BACKGROUND: Assessment of dynamic changes in painful experiences, such as labour, using conventional rating scales (eg, numerical rating scale [NRS]) has limitations. An alternative for continuous pain evaluation could be a signal generated by voluntary action of the parturient. Remifentanil administration for obstetric analgesia could be improved by these dynamic measures of labour pain. In the present study, handgrip force was measured by a dynamometer to signal labour pain.OBJECTIVES: To evaluate: whether continuous monitoring of labour pain using handgrip force allows for determination of

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Slifkin, Andrew B., David E. Vaillancourt, and Karl M. Newell. "Intermittency in the Control of Continuous Force Production." Journal of Neurophysiology 84, no. 4 (2000): 1708–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.84.4.1708.

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The purpose of the current investigation was to examine the influence of intermittency in visual information processes on intermittency in the control continuous force production. Adult human participants were required to maintain force at, and minimize variability around, a force target over an extended duration (15 s), while the intermittency of on-line visual feedback presentation was varied across conditions. This was accomplished by varying the frequency of successive force-feedback deliveries presented on a video display. As a function of a 128-fold increase in feedback frequency (0.2 to

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Li, Yuntao, Qiquan Quan, Dewei Tang, Zhonghong Li, and Zongquan Deng. "A continuous contact force model of planar revolute joint based on fitting method." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 9, no. 2 (2017): 168781401769047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814017690477.

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Both the process of eliminating the clearance in joints and the contact–impact process involve movement of a clearance mechanism, which may reduce transmission accuracy and lengthen the response time. An appropriate continuous contact force model is able to describe the contact phenomena of a joint with clearance in a facile manner. However, two main problems still should be solved in building the continuous contact force model. First, the elastic force parts in previous continuous contact force models for a revolute joint were established by amending the force exponent of the Hertz spherical

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Gao, Chuan Chang, Li Zhao, De Fang Ma, and Xin Yang Liu. "Experimental Research on Impact Force and Erosion Effect of Different Hydraulic Pressure." Advanced Materials Research 295-297 (July 2011): 1866–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.1866.

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Experiments were conducted for the impact force and erosion volume of the continuous jet, the self-excited aspirated pulse jet, the self-excited oscillation pulse jet on different hydraulic pressure in this paper. The rules of the three kinds of jet impact force and erosion effect with the change of hydraulic pressure were analyzed. The result shows the center impact force of the continuous jet is bigger than the other impact force. The self-excited aspirated pulse jet is obviously superior to the continuous jet and its erosion volume is 1.15~1.3 times as big as the continuous jet.

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Chehlah, Aufa, Paramin Neranon, Pornchai Phukpattaranont, and Nattha Jindapetch. "Advancing Rehabilitation Accuracy: A Robotic-Human-Like Controller for Continuous Passive Motion with Natural Behavioural Responses." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 124, no. 1 (2024): 81–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/aram.124.1.8198.

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Conventionally, researchers have primarily focused on developing gravity-compensation robots without considering the voluntary resistant force in continuous passive motion (CPM) therapy. This leads to critical limitations in robot-assisted therapy compared to conventional therapy administered by therapists, particularly in terms of generating natural behavioural responses in patients. To address this limitation, our proposed technique aims to investigate model-based dynamic force estimation specifically related to intrinsic muscular force in order to develop a robotic-human-like controller for

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Hatefi, Shahrokh, Milad Etemadi Sh, Javad Alizargar, Venous Behdadipour, and Khaled Abou-El-Hossein. "Two-Axis Continuous Distractor for Mandibular Reconstruction." Bioengineering 9, no. 8 (2022): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9080371.

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The application of Distraction Osteogenesis (DO) techniques in the reconstruction of skeletal deficiencies is a relatively new topic in the fields of oral and maxillofacial surgeries. In many reconstruction applications, using DO is the preferred technique, as opposed to conventional reconstruction techniques, as there are more advantages and fewer side effects when it is used. The first generation of DO devices is made up of manual distractors that can apply an intermittent distraction force to the bone segment during the distraction process. Manual DO techniques have shown the functionality

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Dizdar, Haldun, Bulent Aydemir, and Cemal Vatan. "Establishment of continuous force calibration system at TUBITAK UME force laboratory in Turkey." Measurement: Sensors 18 (December 2021): 100216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2021.100216.

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Ofori, Edward, Jacob J. Sosnoff, and Les G. Carlton. "Force Variability Due To Strength Differences In Discrete And Continuous Force Control Tasks." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 41 (May 2009): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000355412.05200.54.

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Killgore, Jason P., Roy H. Geiss, and Donna C. Hurley. "Continuous Measurement of Atomic Force Microscope Tip Wear by Contact Resonance Force Microscopy." Small 7, no. 8 (2011): 1018–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201002116.

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Zhang, Jie, Xu Liang, Zhonghai Zhang, et al. "A continuous contact force model for impact analysis." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 168 (April 2022): 108739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2021.108739.

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Zhang, Manchao, and Zhenqiang Yao. "Force characteristics in continuous path controlled crankpin grinding." Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 28, no. 2 (2015): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/cjme.2015.0107.007.

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Schwenzer, M., S. Stemmler, M. Ay, T. Bergs, and D. Abel. "Continuous identification for mechanistic force models in milling." IFAC-PapersOnLine 52, no. 13 (2019): 1791–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.11.461.

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Kadkhodayan, Anita, Xianta Jiang, and Carlo Menon. "Continuous Prediction of Finger Movements Using Force Myography." Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering 36, no. 4 (2016): 594–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40846-016-0151-y.

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Xu, Qiang, and Xing Jun Qi. "Analysis on Seismic Pounding of Curved Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 800–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.800.

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Based on the impact phenomenon between the end of the beam and the bridge abutment of the curved continuous bridge during earthquakes, a spatial finite element calculating model with collision element is presented. The law of collision is studied by the nonlinear contact time history analysis method under two three-dimensional ground motions. The variation laws of relative displacement and the internal force at the bottoms of piers are researched. In addition the changing of displacement and internal force at the end diaphragm are studied. The results show that the pounding action can easily l

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Ozkalayci, Nurhat, Ersan Ilsay Karadeniz, Selma Elekdag-Turk, Tamer Turk, Lam L. Cheng, and M. Ali Darendeliler. "Effect of continuous versus intermittent orthodontic forces on root resorption: A microcomputed tomography study." Angle Orthodontist 88, no. 6 (2018): 733–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/012518-68.1.

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ABSTRACT Objectives: To compare the extent of root resorption and the amount of tooth movement between continuous orthodontic force and intermittent orthodontic force that was activated in a similar way to a 4-week orthodontic adjustment period. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five patients who required the extraction of upper first premolars were recruited in this study. A buccally directed continuous force of 150 g was applied to the upper first premolar on one side for 15 weeks. A buccally directed intermittent force (28 days on, 7 days off) of the same magnitude was applied to the contralate

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Olacsi, Gary S., and Robert J. Beaton. "A New Force-Displacement Metrology for Keyboards." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 41, no. 1 (1997): 637–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181397041001140.

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The ergonomic design of computer keyboards has been a popular topic of research during the past decade. Much work has focused on assessing design attributes of keyboards that affect their subjective “feel” during typing tasks. One common measure used for this purpose has been the force-displacement function, which characterizes the force required to displace a key to various positions within its travel range. Unfortunately, keyboard manufacturers and researchers have used stepped force-displacement techniques that quantify the holding force needed to maintain a key in a selected displacement p

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Wang, Chang Feng, and Yi Jun Bao. "Effects of Friction Force at Movable Supports on Seismic Performance of a Continuous Beam Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 2191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.2191.

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The friction force at movable supports has a certain influence on the seismic performance of the continuous beam bridge, so, the friction force should be taken into account in the seismic design of the bridges. The analytic model of the continuous bridge which including the effects of friction force at movable supports was put forward, and the analysis was done with the application of friction element. Through the analysis of a certain continuous beam bridge, the results indicate that the friction force can greatly decrease the earthquake action of this continuous beam bridge. And some suggest

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Utreja, Achint, Carol Bain, Brett Turek, et al. "Maxillary expansion in an animal model with light, continuous force." Angle Orthodontist 88, no. 3 (2018): 306–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/070717-451.1.

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ABSTRACT Objectives: Maxillary constriction is routinely addressed with rapid maxillary expansion (RME). However, the heavy forces delivered by most RME appliances to expand the palate may lead to deleterious effects on the teeth and supporting tissues. The objective of this study was to explore a more physiologic maxillary expansion with light continuous force. Materials and Methods: Twenty 6-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into experimental (EXPT) and control (CTRL) groups. A custom-fabricated archwire expansion appliance made from 0.014-inch copper-nickel-titanium wire was

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Megat Abdul Wahab, Rohaya, Maryati Md Dasor, Sahidan Senafi, et al. "Crevicular Alkaline Phosphatase Activity and Rate of Tooth Movement of Female Orthodontic Subjects under Different Continuous Force Applications." International Journal of Dentistry 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/245818.

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Purpose. This study is aimed to compare the effects of two different orthodontic forces on crevicular alkaline phosphatase activity, rate of tooth movement, and root resorption.Materials and Methods. Twelve female subjects of class II division 1 malocclusion participated. Maxillary canines with bonded fixed appliances acted as the tested teeth, while their antagonists with no appliances acted as the controls. Canine retraction was performed using nickel titanium coil spring that delivered forces of 100 gm or 150 gm to either side. Crevicular fluid was analyzed for ALP activity, and study model

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Li, Jun Qiang, Yi Fan Li, and Yong Peng. "Theoretical Analysis of Seismic Response for Marine Drilling Risers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 1531–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.1531.

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With the continuous development of the marine oil industry, risers have become necessary equipment in offshore drilling engineering. On the basis of mode-superposition response spectrum method which is used commonly in anti-seismic design, the seismic responses of the marine drilling riser is analyzed on the theoretical and the related anti-seismic calculation formulas of the discrete system are promoted to the continuous system. The earthquake force and the resultant internal forces when the earthquake happening are analyzed and calculated. The calculation formulas of shear force and bending

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ZHANG, Chao, Hongli MENG, and Chengjun WU. "A robust force identification method based on L1+2-norm approximation theory." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 270, no. 11 (2024): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2024_1813.

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Obtaining the real force of the structure is the basic condition for efficient vibration reduction design. However, the uneasiness and instability of the inverse problem make the force identification still challenging. On the basis of L2-norm regularization, we propose a new method for force identification based on L1+2-norm approximation theory. By introducing the L1-norm penalty operator, a joint norm approximation optimization model is constructed to limit the non-zero force and punish the force value which approaching to zero, so that it can adapt to the identification of various types of

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Zhang, Xu, Chuanxue Song, Shixin Song, et al. "Continuous Damping Control for Rollover Prevention with Optimal Distribution Strategy of Damping Force." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20 (2020): 7230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10207230.

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Vehicle rollover has always been a highly dangerous condition that can cause severe traffic casualties. In this work, a 14-degree-of-freedom vehicle model in MATLAB/Simulink is constructed with the vehicle suspension system dynamics. The validity of the model is verified by comparing with the CarSim model. Then an optimal distribution of damping force strategy with continuous damping control is proposed by combining the traditional lateral load transfer ratio control with optimized equations of suspension damping force. The damping force compensation of the left and right sides is the core of

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Sun, Yong, X. S. Li, and Wen Shao. "Influence of Cutting Parameters and Interactions on the Depth of Cut in Continuous Mining Operation." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 1422–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.1422.

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During mechanized continuous mining, the depth of cut (DOC) of picks on the drum directly affects the forces exerted on the picks, as well as the forces and torque acting on the drum. Therefore, accurate analysis of DOC of individual picks is needed to optimize the design of the drum and the operation of the continuous mining machine. However, the current existing models cannot meet this need, because they only take into account drum advance speed per revolution and the spirals of picks or the picks per cutting line. In this paper, we attempt to improve the accuracy of DOC calculation by consi

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Xu, Qiang, and Xing Jun Qi. "Analysis of Curved Girder Bridge Seismic Collision with Implicit Contact Algorithm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 1898–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.1898.

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Aiming at the collision phenomenon of the curved continuous girder bridge under the earthquake, the three-dimensional finite element model is established considering the collision element between the abutment and the end beam. Using the nonlinear time-integration method, the simulation analysis on the collision with implicit contact algorithm is used, and the collision law at expansion joints of curved gride bridge is studied. The results indicate that the shear forces and bending moments of piers with different heights are different. The collision force at the central part of the cross-sectio

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Fritz, Martin. "Simulation of Forces Acting in the Spine under Continuous and Transient Whole-Body Vibrations by Means of a Biomechanical Model." Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control 16, no. 4 (1997): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026309239701600402.

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Investigations reveal that exposure to whole-body vibrations can induce degenerative changes in the lumbar spine. The purpose of this study was to assess the health risk on the basis of predicted forces transmitted in the spine. The forces were simulated by means of a biomechanical model, where ten rigid bodies represent the trunk (5), the neck (4), and the head (1) and one additional body imitates the vibrating seat. As stress examples, the model movements were simulated under sinusoidal and shock containing vibrations in the x- and z-direction. In the lumbar spine the resulting shear force w

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Zhang, Man Chao, and Zhen Qiang Yao. "The Force in Single-Pass Scratch Tests at Variable Sliding Velocities." Applied Mechanics and Materials 281 (January 2013): 465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.281.465.

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To investigate the characteristics of material removal mechanism in the continuous contour control grinding. It is simplified as a variable speed single grit scratching the surface of quench hardening AISI 5140 steel. Utilizing optical microscope, optical proﬁling system and displacement transducers, the scratch morphology and force were analyzed with applied normal load (depth) and scratch separation distance. Piles-up at the sides of the groove is no obvious change with traverse speed pulse. Both the normal force and the tangential force increase with an increase in traverse speed and depth.

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Yang, Shi Ruo, and Dan Qing Chen. "Railway Steel Truss Coefficient of Lateral Force Distribution." Advanced Materials Research 304 (July 2011): 359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.304.359.

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This paper illustrates the internal force calculation of the railway steel truss girder under the action of lateral load q by using the finite element method for truss segment. Load q is distributed with partition coefficients a1, a2 respectively on the top and bottom longitudinal bracing in conventional way and calculated as planar articulate. When two forces calculated respectively by using the spatial analysis and planar structure method are equal, lateral force distribution coefficient a1, a2 can be obtained. In the end of this paper we take examples of simple through beam of 48m, 64m, 80m

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You, Qi Yong. "Finite Element Analysis of Continuous Curved Box-Girder Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 454 (October 2013): 183–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.454.183.

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The calculations of plan truss and beam-girder method on straight bridge were analyzed, which determined right beam-girder method calculation model of the box-girder bridge. Based on this model, the different radius continuous curved box-girder bridges were simulated by finite element, and then the internal forces of the bridge were obtained. The calculations of inner beam and outer beam show the change rule of internal force and bridge radius. The reasonable calculation methods of continuous curved box girder bridges are obtained, which can offer help to the bridge designers.

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Winiarski, Tomasz, and Adam Woźniak. "Indirect force control development procedure." Robotica 31, no. 3 (2012): 465–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574712000446.

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SUMMARYAddition of extra sensors, especially video cameras and force sensors, under control of appropriate software makes robotic manipulators working in factories suitable for a range of new applications. This paper presents a method of manipulator indirect force control development, in which the force set values are specified in the operational space and the manipulator is equipped with a force sensor in its wrist. Standard control development methods need the estimation of parameters of the detailed model of a manipulator and position servos, which is a complicated and time-consuming task.

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Fu, Jian Ting, Yi Zhi Shi, Lei Ma, and Yao Li. "Study of Forearm Surface EMG Using a Continuous Force Profile Generator." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 2742–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.2742.

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This project designs a novel musculoskeletal force evaluation system, which could generate continuous varying force, acquire wireless signals and measure surface EMG signals simultaneously. Experiments have been developed to validate the functionality and effectiveness of this design. This system could be used to analyze the relationship between surface EMG signal and forearm musculoskeletal force, which will build the theoretical basis for smoother gesture and force detection in humanmachine interaction control.

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Campos, Luiz M. B. C., and Manuel J. S. Silva. "On the Countering of Free Vibrations by Forcing: Part II—Damped Oscillations and Decaying Forcing." Applied Mechanics 4, no. 1 (2023): 141–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/applmech4010009.

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The present two-part paper concerns the active vibration suppression for the simplest damped continuous system, namely the transverse oscillations of an elastic string, with constant tension and mass density per unit length and friction force proportional to the velocity, described by the telegraph or wave-diffusion equation, in two complementary parts. The initial part I considers non-resonant and resonant forcing, by concentrated point forces or continuous force distributions independent of time, with phase shift between the forced and free oscillations, in the absence of damping, in which c

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Song, Bo, Fu Qiang Qi, and Jin Cheng Wu. "Analogue Simulation of Dynamic Interaction of Sea Ice and a Pier Column Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 1937–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.1937.

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The process of interaction of sea ice and a pier column structure was studied by using analogue simulation method in the paper, and the dynamic ice force acting on the pier column structure was achieved. Combining with theory analysis, it modified the dynamic ice force model suggested by Croteau. The results showed that the loading stiffness suggested by Croteau is too big to use in the dynamic ice force model and the Withalm formula and simulated results are more suitable. It suggested the calculation formulas of relative displacement in ice force unloading stage and the continuous ice force

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Ritonga, Syahirul Alim, and Herianto. "Comparative Analysis of Soft Pneumatic Actuator Designs for Effective Human Finger Movement: A Study on Continuous and Non-Continuous Chamber Configurations." Jurnal Inotera 8, no. 2 (2023): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31572/inotera.vol8.iss2.2023.id243.

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Soft actuators show immense potential in various fields, such as wearable medical devices and the rehabilitation of stroke patients. This study aims to design and fabricate a soft pneumatic actuator (SPA) that effectively mimics human finger movements, with specific focus on post-stroke rehabilitation. Two SPA designs, referred to as M1 and M2, were developed and compared. M1 featured segmented chambers to mimic finger joints, while M2 had continuous chambers. The performance of the SPAs was evaluated based on curvature, generated force, and similarity to natural finger movement. Results showe

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