Academic literature on the topic 'Continuous granulator'

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Journal articles on the topic "Continuous granulator"

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Vervaet, Chris, Hans Vermeersch, Mikhael S. Khotz, Luc Massart, and Jean-Paul Remon. "Parameters influencing granule quality using a continuous granulator." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 106, no. 2 (1994): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-5173(94)90314-x.

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Metta, Nirupaplava, Michael Ghijs, Elisabeth Schäfer, et al. "Dynamic Flowsheet Model Development and Sensitivity Analysis of a Continuous Pharmaceutical Tablet Manufacturing Process Using the Wet Granulation Route." Processes 7, no. 4 (2019): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7040234.

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In view of growing interest and investment in continuous manufacturing, the development and utilization of mathematical model(s) of the manufacturing line is of prime importance. These models are essential for understanding the complex interplay between process-wide critical process parameters (CPPs) and critical quality attributes (CQAs) beyond the individual process operations. In this work, a flowsheet model that is an approximate representation of the ConsiGma TM -25 line for continuous tablet manufacturing, including wet granulation, is developed. The manufacturing line involves various unit operations, i.e., feeders, blenders, a twin-screw wet granulator, a fluidized bed dryer, a mill, and a tablet press. The unit operations are simulated using various modeling approaches such as data-driven models, semi-empirical models, population balance models, and mechanistic models. Intermediate feeders, blenders, and transfer lines between the units are also simulated. The continuous process is simulated using the flowsheet model thus developed and case studies are provided to demonstrate its application for dynamic simulation. Finally, the flowsheet model is used to systematically identify critical process parameters (CPPs) that affect process responses of interest using global sensitivity analysis methods. Liquid feed rate to the granulator, and air temperature and drying time in the dryer are identified as CPPs affecting the tablet properties.
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Behjani, Mohammadreza Alizadeh, Nejat Rahmanian, Nur Fardina bt Abdul Ghani, and Ali Hassanpour. "An investigation on process of seeded granulation in a continuous drum granulator using DEM." Advanced Powder Technology 28, no. 10 (2017): 2456–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2017.02.011.

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Fukumori, K., M. Mouri, N. Sato, H. Okamoto, and M. Matsushita. "Continuous Recycling of Vulcanisates." International Polymer Science and Technology 28, no. 6 (2001): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x0102800601.

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Vulcanised EPDM rubber waste produced during the manufacturing process is devulcanised using a screw granulator under controlled conditions of shear stress, temperature and internal stress. During this recycling process, carbon-sulphur bonds are broken selectively so that a devulcanised rubber consisting of a sol component and a gel component is obtained which can be processed like new rubber and re-vulcanised with an accelerated sulphur curing system. The revulcanisates exhibit nearly the same properties as cured new rubber. EPDM rubber which has been devulcanised using the new process is used for the production of rubber products for the automobile industry.
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Meng, Wei, Lalith Kotamarthy, Savitha Panikar, et al. "Statistical analysis and comparison of a continuous high shear granulator with a twin screw granulator: Effect of process parameters on critical granule attributes and granulation mechanisms." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 513, no. 1-2 (2016): 357–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.09.041.

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Plath, Timo, Carolin Korte, Rakulan Sivanesapillai, and Thomas Weinhart. "Parametric Study of Residence Time Distributions and Granulation Kinetics as a Basis for Process Modeling of Twin-Screw Wet Granulation." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 5 (2021): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13050645.

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Twin-screw wet granulation is a crucial unit operation in shifting from pharmaceutical batch to continuous processes, but granulation kinetics as well as residence times are yet poorly understood. Experimental findings are highly dependent on screw configuration as well as formulation, and thus have limited universal validity. In this study, an experimental design with a repetitive screw setup was conducted to measure the effect of specific feed load (SFL), liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S), and inclusion of a distributive feed screw on particle size distribution (PSD) and shape as well as residence time distribution of a hydrophilic lactose/microcrystalline cellulose based formulation. An intermediate sampling point was obtained by changing inlet ports along the screw axis. Camera-based particle size analysis (QICPIC) indicated no significant change of PSD between the first and second kneading section, except for low L/S and low SFL where fines increase. Mean residence time was approximated as a bilinear fit of L/S and SFL. Moreover, large mass flow pulsations were observed by continuous camera measurements of residence time distribution and correlated to hold-up of the twin-screw granulator. These findings indicate fast granulation kinetics and process instabilities for high mean residence times, questioning current standards of two kneading compartments for wet granulation. The present study further underlines the necessity of developing a multiscale simulation approach including particle dynamics in the future.
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Barrera Jiménez, Ana Alejandra, Daan Van Hauwermeiren, Michiel Peeters, Thomas De Beer, and Ingmar Nopens. "Improvement of a 1D Population Balance Model for Twin-Screw Wet Granulation by Using Identifiability Analysis." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 5 (2021): 692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13050692.

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Recently, the pharmaceutical industry has undergone changes in the production of solid oral dosages from traditional inefficient and expensive batch production to continuous manufacturing. The latest advancements include increased use of continuous twin-screw wet granulation and application of advanced modeling tools such as Population Balance Models (PBMs). However, improved understanding of the physical process within the granulator and improvement of current population balance models are necessary for the continuous production process to be successful in practice. In this study, an existing compartmental one-dimensional PBM of a twin-screw granulation process was improved by altering the original aggregation kernel in the wetting zone as a result of an identifiability analysis. In addition, a strategy was successfully applied to reduce the number of model parameters to be calibrated in both the wetting zone and kneading zones. It was found that the new aggregation kernel in the wetting zone is capable of reproducing the particle size distribution that is experimentally observed at different process conditions as well as different types of formulations, varying in hydrophilicity and API concentration. Finally, it was observed that model parameters could be linked not only to the material properties but also to the liquid to solid ratio, paving the way to create a generic PBM to predict the particle size distribution of a new formulation.
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Tanaka, Ryoma, Yusuke Hattori, Yukun Horie, Hitoshi Kamada, Takuya Nagato, and Makoto Otsuka. "Characterization of Amorphous Solid Dispersion of Pharmaceutical Compound with pH-Dependent Solubility Prepared by Continuous-Spray Granulator." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 4 (2019): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11040159.

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A continuous-spray granulator (CTS-SGR) is a one-step granulation technology capable of using solutions or suspensions. The present research objectives were, (1) to reduce the manufacturing operations for solid dosage formulations, (2) to make amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) granules without pre-preparation of amorphous solids of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), and (3) to characterize the obtained SGR granules by comprehensive pharmaceutical analysis. Rebamipide (RBM), a biopharmaceutical classification system class IV drug, that has low solubility or permeability in the stomach, was selected as a model compound. Five kind of granules with different concentrations of polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer (PVP-VA) were prepared using a one-step SGR process. All of the SGR granules could be produced in amorphous or ASD form and their thermodynamic stability was very high because of high glass transition temperatures (>178 °C). They were unstable in 20 °C/75%RH; however, their stability was improved according to the proportion of polymer. The carboxy group of RBM was ionized in the granules and interactions appeared between RBM and PVP-VA, with the formation of an ASD confirmed and the solubility was enhanced compared with bulk RBM crystals. The SGR methodology has the possibility of contributing to process development in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Lee, Kai T., Andy Ingram, and Neil A. Rowson. "Twin screw wet granulation: The study of a continuous twin screw granulator using Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT) technique." European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 81, no. 3 (2012): 666–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.04.011.

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Matsui, Kou, Yosuke Tomita, Naotoshi Doi, and Takuya Nagato. "Effect of API Particle Size Applied to Continuous Granulator against Characteristics of Prepared Granules." Journal of the Society of Powder Technology, Japan 57, no. 4 (2020): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4164/sptj.57.184.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Continuous granulator"

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Lee, Kai Teck. "Continuous granulation of pharmaceutical powder using a twin screw granulator." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4002/.

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Twin screw extruder (TSE) has been studied extensively as a granulator because it allows continuous processing. Initial work was carried out by comparing the TSE with conventional granulator shows that the mechanism of TSE granulation is different from conventional granulation with the absence of the consolidation stage. PEPT was also utilised and it reveals that the flow stream of the material is not only due to the conveying capacity but also the granulator fill, in particularly for the 90o mixing zone which is believed to be a dispersion type of mechanism driven by the granulator fill gradient. Residence time distribution was measured and simulated by fitting the experimental data using a continuous stirred tank reactors model. The model describes the experimental curves reasonably well when a plug flow fraction was considered. Generally the mean residence time (MRT) of the system is proportional to the mixing zone angle and is inversely proportional to the screw speeds and flowrate. A study using the variance reduction ratio demonstrates that the TSE granulator used in the present study is able to remove the feed instability given that the ratio of the frequency of the input stream fluctuation to the MRT is high.
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Djuric, Dejan. "Continuous granulation with a twin-screw Extruder." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2008. http://d-nb.info/989861163/04.

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DeGiuli, Eric. "Continuum limits of granular systems." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44393.

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Despite a century of study, the macroscopic behaviour of quasistatic granular materials remains poorly understood. In particular, we lack a fundamental system of continuum equations, comparable to the Navier-Stokes equations for a Newtonian fluid. In this thesis, we derive continuum models for two-dimensional granular materials directly from the grain scale, using tools of discrete calculus, which we develop. To make this objective precise, we pose the canonical isostatic problem: a marginally stable granular material in the plane has 4 components of the stress tensor σ, but only 3 continuum equations in Newton’s laws ∇ ‧σ = 0 and σ = σT. At isostaticity, there is a missing stress-geometry equation, arising from Newton’s laws at the grain scale, which is not present in their conventional continuum form. We first show that a discrete potential ψ can be defined such that the stress tensor is written as σ = ∇ × ∇ × ψ, where the derivatives are given an exact meaning at the grain scale, and converge to their continuum counterpart in an appropriate limit. The introduction of ψ allows us to understand how force and torque balance couple neighbouring grains, and thus to understand where the stress-geometry equation is hidden. Using this formulation, we derive the missing stress-geometry equation ∆(F^ : ∇∇ψ) = 0, introducing a fabric tensor F^ which characterizes the geometry. We show that the equation imposes granularity in a literal sense, and that on a homo- geneous fabric, the equation reduces to a particular form of anisotropic elasticity. We then discuss the deformation of rigid granular materials, and derive the mean-field phase diagram for quasistatic flow. We find that isostatic states are fluid states, existing between solid and gaseous phases. The appearance of iso- staticity is linked to the saturation of steric exclusion and Coulomb inequalities. Finally, we present a model for the fluctuations of contact forces using tools of statistical mechanics. We find that force chains, the filamentary networks of con- tact forces ubiquitously observed in experiments, arise from an entropic instability which favours localization of contact forces.
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Mahmoud, M. A. "Continuously penetrating bodies in granular materials." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356027.

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Lute, Sushma. "Continuous twin screw wet granulation : a step towards mechanistic understanding." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21442/.

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Barker, Thomas. "Well-posed continuum modelling of granular flows." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/wellposed-continuum-modelling-of-granular-flows(bcb5fb47-31cb-4168-a49d-0be2e1599786).html.

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Inertial granular flows lie in a region of parameter space between quasi-static and collisional regimes. In each of these phases the mechanisms of energy dissipation are often taken to be the defining features. Frictional contacts between grains and the transmission of energy through co-operative force chains dominate slowly sheared flows. In the opposite extreme infrequent high-energy collisions are responsible for dissipation in so-called gaseous granular flows. Borrowing from each of these extremes, it is postulated that during liquid-like flow, grain energy is transferred through frequent frictional interactions as the particles rearrange. This thesis focuses on the μ(I)-rheology which generalises the simple Coulomb picture, where greater normal forces lead to greater tangential friction, by including dependence on the inertial number I, which reflects the frequency of grain rearrangements. The equations resulting from this rheology, assuming that the material is incompressible, are first examined with a maximal-order linear stability analysis. It is found that the equations are linearly well-posed when the inertial number is not too high or too low. For inertial numbers in which the equations are instead ill-posed numerical solutions are found to be grid-dependent with perturbations growing unboundedly as their wavelength is decreased. Interestingly, experimental results also diverge away from the original μ(I) curve in the ill-posed regions. A generalised well-posedness analysis is used alongside the experimental findings to suggest a new functional form for the curve. This is shown to regularise numerical computations for a selection of inclined plane flows. As the incompressibility assumption is known to break down more drastically in the high-I and low-I limits, compressible μ(I) equations are also considered. When the closure of these equations takes the form suggested by critical state soil mechanics, it is found that the resultant system is well-posed regardless of the details of the deformation. Well-posed equations can also be formed by depth-averaging the μ(I)-rheology. For three-dimensional chute flows experimental measurements are captured well by the depth-averaged model when the flows are shallow. Furthermore, numerical computations are much less expensive than those with the full μ(I) system.
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Dunatunga, Sachith Anurudde. "A framework for continuum simulation of granular flow." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/108935.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2017.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 119-124).<br>Granular materials have eluded continuum modeling attempts for centuries. A significant chunk of the complexity lies in the trans-phase behavior of granular media; while the material has a yield stress and can therefore act as a solid body, grains may also flow quickly much like a liquid. At low pressures and high velocities, the grains may even become disconnected from each other, resulting in a gas-like state where the only stresses are essentially due to occasional collisions between grains. Moreover, all three states are commonly found simultaneously in many industrial and natural processes, and individual grains may switch between these phases readily. A further complication is that typically the grain size is large compared to the geometries in which we are interested; these size effects can lead to mispredictions when purely local models (without an intrinsic length scale) are used. Due to these complexities, a highly favored technique is the discrete element method, which tracks each grain individually and updates the forces and displacements when grains contact each other. While extremely accurate, discrete methods require incredible amounts of computational power, severely restricting the sizes of problems that can be simulated. Continuum techniques can potentially scale better, as individual grain-grain interactions are no longer tracked, but require a constitutive model. Recent continuum models, such as in Jop, Forterre, and Pouliquen (2006) and Kamrin and Koval (2012) show promise in capturing many observed phenomena, yet current numerical techniques limit the applicability of these models due to computational or numerical issues. In this thesis, we explore a continuum framework for simulation of granular materials in the context of the material point method, which allows us to test these material models further than many existing continuum techniques and pave the way for efficient simulation of large-scale processes involving granular media.<br>by Sachith Anurudde Dunatunga.<br>Ph. D.
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Wilms, Annika [Verfasser], Peter [Gutachter] Kleinebudde, and Jörg [Gutachter] Breitkreutz. "Advancing towards a controlled continuous dry granulation line / Annika Wilms ; Gutachter: Peter Kleinebudde, Jörg Breitkreutz." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1225931991/34.

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Kent, Timothy Robert. "Mechanistic Understanding of the NOB Suppression by Free Ammonia Inhibition in Continuous Flow Aerobic Granulation Bioreactors." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87706.

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A partial nitritation-anammox continuous flow reactor (CFR) was operated for eight months demonstrating that a mixture of large anammox-supported aerobic granules (ASAGs) and small conventional aerobic granules (CAGs) can be maintained stably for extended periods of time. The influent NH4+ was kept at 50 - 60 mg N L-1 to verify that the upper range of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) for domestic wastewater can supply an inhibitory level of free ammonia (FA) for nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) suppression in CFRs at pH around 7.8. The ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB):NOB activity ratio was determined for a series of granule sizes to understand the impact of mass diffusion limitation on the FA inhibition of NOB. When dissolved oxygen (DO) limitation is the only mechanism for NOB suppression, the AOB:NOB ratio was usually found in previous studies to increase with the granule size. However, the trend is reversed when FA has an inhibitory effect on NOB, as was observed in this study. The decrease in AOB:NOB ratio indicates that the resistance to the diffusion of FA along the granule radius limited its ability to inhibit NOB. This means smaller granules, e.g. diameter < 150 microns, are preferred for nitrite accumulation when high FA is present, e.g. in the partial nitritation-anammox process. The trend was further verified by observing the increase in the apparent inhibition coefficient, KI,FAapp, as granule size increased. This study for the first time quantified the effect of diffusion limitation on the KI,FAapp of NOB in granules and biofilms. A mathematical model was then utilized to interpret the observed suppression of NOB. The model predicted that NOB suppression was only complete at the granule surface. The NOB that did survive in larger granules was forced to dwell within the granule interior, where the FA concentration was lower than that in the bulk solution. This means FA inhibition can be taken advantage of as an effective means for NOB suppression in small granules and thin biofilms. Further, FA and DO were found to be both required for the stratification of AOB and NOB in partial nitritation-anammox CFRs. The structural stratification commonly observed in granules is then concluded to be a consequence but not a cause of the NOB suppression.<br>MS<br>A partial nitritation-anammox continuous flow reactor (CFR) was operated for eight months demonstrating that granular sludge can be maintained stably for extended periods of time. In this approach, NH3 is only partially converted to NO2 - (partial nitritation), and the conversion to NO3 - is prevented by the suppression of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). NH3 and NO2 - are then utilized by anammox bacteria to create N2 gas. The influent NH4 + fed to the reactor was kept at 50 to 60 mg N L-1 to verify that the upper range of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) for domestic wastewater can supply a sufficiently high level of free ammonia (FA) to inhibit NOB growth in CFRs at a pH around 7.8. It is expected that the penetration of a substrate into granule sludge will experience diffusional resistance as it moves from water to denser solid material and is consumed by bacteria. The ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB):NOB activity ratio was determined for a series of granule sizes to understand the impact of mass diffusion limitation on the FA inhibition of NOB. When dissolved oxygen (DO) limitation is the only mechanism for NOB suppression, the AOB:NOB ratio was usually found in previous studies to increase with the granule size. However, the trend is reversed when FA has an inhibitory effect on NOB, as was observed in this study. The decrease in AOB:NOB ratio indicates that the resistance to the diffusion of FA, which increases with increasing granule size, along the granule radius limited its ability to inhibit NOB. This means smaller granules, e.g. diameter < 150 µm, are preferred for NO2 - accumulation when high FA is present. The trend was further verified by observing the increase in the apparent inhibition coefficient, KI,FAapp, as granule size increased. This coefficient quantifies the effectiveness of an inhibitor, with larger values indicating weaker inhibition. This study for the first time quantified the effect of diffusion limitation on the KI,FAapp of NOB in granules and biofilms. A mathematical model was then utilized to interpret the observed suppression of NOB. The model predicted that NOB suppression was only complete at the granule surface. The NOB that did survive in larger granules was forced to dwell within the granule interior, where the FA concentration was lower than that in the bulk solution. This means FA inhibition can be taken advantage of as an effective means for NOB suppression in small granules and thin biofilms. Further, FA and DO were found to be both required for the stratification of a layer of AOB at the surface over a layer of NOB in partial nitritation-anammox CFRs. The structural stratification commonly observed in granules is then concluded to be a consequence but not a cause of the NOB suppression.
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Meruane, Naranjo Carolina. "Continuum Equations for Studying the Dynamics of Dense Heterogeneous Granular Flows." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2010. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/102493.

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La mayoría de los flujos granulares densos en la naturaleza, tales como avalanchas de detritos, flujos piroclásticos, deslizamientos de tierra y avalanchas subacuáticas, están constituidos por una amplia gama de diferentes componentes sólidas inmersas en un fluido ambiente. Con el objeto de obtener una buena representación de la dinámica de estos flujos, se debe considerar los mecanismos de interacción entre los diferentes componentes de la mezcla. En este trabajo de tesis, se desarrolló un marco teórico basado en la teoría de mezcla para representar la dinámica de un flujo denso de material granular heterogéneo compuesto por varias especies sólidas con diferentes propiedades, sumergidas en un fluido Newtoniano. El sistema de ecuaciones obtenido fue resuelto numéricamente y validado mediante la comparación de los resultados numéricos con mediciones experimentales de flujos gravitacionales de material granular, generados por el colapso de una columna bidimensional de granos usando aire o agua como fluido ambiente. Esta teoría fue luego utilizada para investigar los efectos del fluido ambiente sobre la dinámica de flujos gravitacionales de material granular homogéneo, y los efectos de la segregación de partículas en la dinámica de flujos granulares compuestos por mezclas binarias de pequeñas y grandes partículas esféricas de igual densidad másica. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que las ecuaciones propuestas capturan las características esenciales que describen la dinámica de flujos granulares densos heterogéneos. En particular, se demuestra que el fluido ambiente modifica la dinámica del flujo granular a través de cambios en la presión hidrodinámica del fluido e interacciones de arrastre entre el fluido y los sólidos. Por un lado, la presión hidrodinámica del fluido puede soportar el peso reducido de los sólidos, induciendo así una transición desde un flujo granular denso compactado a un flujo granular denso en suspensión. Por otro lado, las fuerzas de arrastre contrarrestan el movimiento de los sólidos, especialmente cerca de la pared. Además, se demuestra que la segregación del material granular aumenta la velocidad del frente debido a la expansión volumétrica del flujo. Este aumento en la velocidad del flujo es amortiguado por el fluido ambiente, comportamiento que es más pronunciado en agua que en aire. Por lo tanto, la velocidad del frente resulta del equilibrio entre la expansión volumétrica causada por la segregación y la fuerza de arrastre impuesta por el fluido ambiente. Los resultados de esta tesis permiten concluir que un modelo realista para flujos granulares heterogéneos debe considerar al menos tres componentes: granos grandes y pequeños, y el fluido ambiente. De esta forma, el marco teórico propuesto en esta tesis podría ser útil para estudiar la dinámica a gran escala de este tipo de flujos en la naturaleza, como lo son los flujos geofísicos. Los resultados principales de esta tesis fueron publicados en dos artículos científicos, el primero en el Journal of Fluid Mechanics (2010, 648: 381 - 404), y el segundo sometido a revisión en la misma revista.
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Books on the topic "Continuous granulator"

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Hutter, Kolumban, and Krzysztof Wilmanski, eds. Kinetic and Continuum Theories of Granular and Porous Media. Springer Vienna, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-2494-9.

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Vladimir, Sadovskii, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Mathematical Modeling in Mechanics of Granular Materials. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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Tejchman, Jacek. Confined Granular Flow in Silos: Experimental and Numerical Investigations. Springer International Publishing, 2013.

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Prisco, Claudio. Mechanical Behaviour of Soils Under Environmentally Induced Cyclic Loads. Springer Vienna, 2012.

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Bohua, Sun, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Advances in Soft Matter Mechanics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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Rubio, Ramon G. Without Bounds: A Scientific Canvas of Nonlinearity and Complex Dynamics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.

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International Workshop on Localisation and Bifurcation Theory for Soils and Rocks (4th 1997 Gifu, Japan). Localization and bifurcation theory for soils and rocks: Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Localization and Bifurcation Theory for Soils and Rocks, Gifu, Japan, 28 September-2 October, 1997. A.A. Balkema, 1998.

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Barbosa, Lima Antonio Gilson, Silva Marta Vázquez, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Numerical Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Media. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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Kalikmanov, V. I. Nucleation Theory. Springer Netherlands, 2013.

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Phan-Thien, Nhan. Understanding Viscoelasticity: An Introduction to Rheology. 2nd ed. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Continuous granulator"

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Vervaet, Chris, Thomas De Beer, and Valérie Vanhoorne. "Continuous Granulation." In Handbook of Pharmaceutical Granulation Technology, 4th ed. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429320057-13-15.

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El Hagrasy, Arwa, Li Ge Wang, and Jim Litster. "Continuous Wet Granulation." In Continuous Pharmaceutical Processing. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41524-2_8.

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Radjaï, F., I. Preechawuttipong, and R. Peyroux. "Cohesive granular texture." In Continuous and Discontinuous Modelling of Cohesive-Frictional Materials. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44424-6_11.

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Vardoulakis, Ioannis. "Mechanics of Discrete Granular Media." In Cosserat Continuum Mechanics. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95156-0_9.

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Kumar, A., K. V. Gernaey, I. Nopens, and T. De Beer. "Twin-screw Granulation Process Development: Present Approaches, Understanding and Needs." In Continuous Manufacturing of Pharmaceuticals. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119001348.ch8.

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Rajchenbach, J. "Continuous Flows and Avalanches of Grains." In Physics of Dry Granular Media. Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2653-5_31.

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Pöschel, T., C. Salueña, and T. Schwager. "Scaling properties of granular materials." In Continuous and Discontinuous Modelling of Cohesive-Frictional Materials. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44424-6_13.

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Sharma, Ishan. "Continuum Mechanics." In Shapes and Dynamics of Granular Minor Planets. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40490-5_2.

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Khain, Evgeniy. "Hydrodynamics of “Thermal” Granular Convection." In Continuum Models and Discrete Systems. Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2316-3_55.

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Savage, Stuart B. "Mechanics of Granular Flows." In Continuum Mechanics in Environmental Sciences and Geophysics. Springer Vienna, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-2600-4_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Continuous granulator"

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Rahmanian, Nejat, and Nur Fardina Bt Abdul Ghani. "An Investigation on Process of Seeded Granulation in a Continuous Granulator using DEM." In 5th Asian Particle Technology Symposium. Research Publishing Services, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-2518-1_380.

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Suresh, Pathi, Inkollu Sreedhar, and Surasani Vikranth Kumar. "NOVEL DESIGN OF CONTINUOUS GRANULATOR FOR PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION." In Proceedings of the 24th National and 2nd International ISHMT-ASTFE Heat and Mass Transfer Conference (IHMTC-2017). Begellhouse, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihmtc-2017.2080.

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Jiang, Allen, Asghar Ataollahi, Kaspar Althoefer, Prokar Dasgupta, and Thrishantha Nanayakkara. "A Variable Stiffness Joint by Granular Jamming." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70670.

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We propose a novel, high degree of freedom variable stiffness joint for use in a miniature snake-like robot for minimally invasive surgeries via granular jamming. By pulling granule filled membrane-columns under vacuum, the columns and joint stiffen as the granular matter begin to jam. In our experiments, we achieved a four-fold increase in stiffness, and the stiffness can be achieved while the columns are straight or bent. Current flexible manipulators in industrial and medical robotics have followed two dominating methods of actuation and stiffness control. The first method is the continuum manipulator, which utilizes tendons or rods to bend the manipulator in a continuous fashion. The second method is classified as the highly articulated robot, where the manipulator is comprised of multiple segments linked by motor-driven universal joints. Like the latter, our manipulator is highly articulated, however stiffness of each joint can be independently controlled by the granular jamming principle. This paper studies the effect of grain type and vacuum pressure for stiffness tuning. We found that granules with a matte surface were able to achieve higher stiffnesses, with a cube shape exhibiting the highest stiffness, but at the cost of high levels of hysteresis.
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Mueller, Daniel, Andreas Bueck, and Evangelos Tsotsas. "Heat and mass transfer modelling of continuous Wurster-spray-granulation with external product classification." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7269.

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Wurster granulation with external product classification can be used for stable continuous coating or layering processes. It has been ascertained from recent population balance simulations that the ratio of the spray rate to the nuclei feed rate can be used to control the thickness of the sprayed product layer. However, thermal conditions are not considered by population balances regarding the particle size as distributed property. For this reason, heat and mass transfer is investigated in the present contribution by modelling of several subprocesses. The results can be used to discuss the cause of fluidized bed destabilization due to over-wetting. Keywords: continuous operation; Wurster fluidized bed; spray granulation; spray limits; heat and mass transfer
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Boechler, Nicholas, and Chiara Daraio. "An Experimental Investigation of Acoustic Band Gaps and Localization in Granular Elastic Chains." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-87427.

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We assembled a chain composed of a periodic arrangement of aluminum and steel spheres encased in a 4-rod polycarbonate holder with tunable static precompression applied by means of a lever actuated system. To excite periodic oscillations we perturbed the chain with a piezo-stack actuator driven by both continuous and finite bursts of a sinusoidally varying periodic signal. The amplitude of the periodic signal ranged from linear to strongly nonlinear regimes. We report the tunability of the frequency range for the band gap edges as a function of the material parameters, chain geometry and stress conditioning. We analyze the data by means of force-time plot and Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT). We observe a dramatic reduction of the transmitted wave amplitude for harmonic excitations with fundamental frequencies within the gap. The application of both continuous and short bursts of perturbation allows for observation of different dynamic phenomena at selected frequency ranges (in particular close to the lower optical branch edge). By varying the amplitude of the dynamic excitation (and therefore the level of the nonlinearity present in the system) we seek localized discrete breathing modes and surface instabilities. The comparison between continuum theory, discrete numerical modeling and experiments show a qualitative agreement and provide fundamental understanding for future investigation and numerous engineering applications. The challenges and considerations involved with the construction of an experimental system capable of capturing and leveraging on the described phenomena will be detailed.
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Zhou, Jiaheng, Su Wei, Jun Li, Mei He, Andrea Hille, and Harald Horn. "Notice of Retraction: Aerobic Granulation in a Modified Continuous Flow System." In 2011 5th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2011.5781158.

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Zhao, Xiang, and Sijun Zhang. "Multi Scale Modeling for Granular Flows." In ASME 2008 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the Heat Transfer, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2008-55335.

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A numerical method has been developed to predict granular flows. This work involves the combination of the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to describe the discrete flow of the granular solids and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to describe the continuum flow of the interstitial fluid. The numerical models can satisfactorily describe granular materials for all flow regimes, quantify fluid-particle and particle-particle interactions and their effects on the granular materials via detailed micro-dynamic analysis and finally provide the macroscopic continuum equations with constitutive equations such as stress, strain and other physical quantities describing the state of the system based on a newly developed micro-macro averaging procedure.
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Tichy, John, Yves Bertier, and Ivan Iordanoff. "A Continuum Model for Dense Third Body Thin Film Flow: Interactions With Discrete Simulations." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44064.

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The present paper applies a recent continuum theory due to Aranson and Tsimring [1] for dense granular flows to thin film flows. Such third body granular flow may apply to solid lubrication mechanisms. The continuum theory is unique in that it addresses solid-like behavior and the transition to fully fluidized behavior. The continuum studies are complemented by a discrete particle dynamics model of Iordanoff et al. [2].
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PASTERNAK, E., and H. B. MÜHLHAUS. "LARGE DEFORMATION COSSERAT CONTINUUM MODELLING OF GRANULATE MATERIALS." In Proceedings of the Third Australasian Congress on Applied Mechanics. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812777973_0063.

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Han Wei, Li Yong-feng, and Yao Xin. "Immobilized anaerobic sludge by granular activated carbon in continuous biohydrogen fermentation." In 2010 International Conference on Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering (MACE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mace.2010.5536374.

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Reports on the topic "Continuous granulator"

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Schulson, Erland M. On The Flow and Fracture of Sea Ice: The Transition from an Anisotropic Continuum to a Granular Medium. Defense Technical Information Center, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada609733.

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Schulson, Erland M. On the Flow and Fracture of Sea Ice: The Transition from an Anisotropic Continuum to a Granular Medium. Defense Technical Information Center, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada625938.

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