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Jaklič, Jurij, Vesna Bosilj-Vukšić, Jan Mendling, and Mojca Indihar Štemberger. "The Orchestration of Corporate Performance Management and Business Process Management and Its Effect on Perceived Organizational Performance." SAGE Open 11, no. 3 (2021): 215824402110401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211040126.
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Various management approaches have been proposed to maintain good organizational performance on a continuous basis, with corporate performance management (CPM) and business process management (BPM) being two major groups. While the conceptual connection between CPM and BPM might see obvious, their actual empirical connection with performance remains poorly understood. In this article, we address this gap and develop a theoretical model that explicates the causal paths from CPM via BPM toward organizational performance in terms of a set of hypotheses. Based on a survey, we find that the effect of CPM on organizational performance is largely mediated by CPM-BPM orchestration and process performance. With this study, we respond to recent calls for novel studies in this area and highlight the impact of well-orchestrated CPM and BPM initiatives on organizational performance.
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Akhtar, Mohammad Shakeel, Vimlesh Tanwar, and Nishtha Pareek. "Reducing Bias and Strengthening Objectivity in Performance Appraisal: A Thematic Analysis." Commercia 1, no. 1 (2025): 251008. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15472775.
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Appraisals are fundamental to the management of human resources since they affect the development of an employee, the organizational fairness, and the advancement in one’s career. However, performance appraisal systems tend to lack precision due to biases that adversely impact trust, fairness, accuracy, and objectivity. This thesis aims to analyze reasons for biases in performance appraisal and determine practical methods to improve objectivity using action-oriented thematic analysis. Following qualitative literature synthesis, three overarching themes were identified: biases associated with raters, alterations proposed to enhance structures and processes, and use of technology. Findings highlight biases such as halo bias, age, ethnicity and gender biases, and leniency bias are steeped in cultural and organizational deep cognitive frameworks. An increase in measurement precision is essential in overcoming biases using Z-ethically acceptable design, CPM systems, automated feedback BARS, AI, and analytics. It is emphasized that technological frameworks must be approached from the standpoint of fairness, devoid of historical inequity perpetuation. Ultimately, the argument presented in the text underscores the complexity of the intervention using systems approach combining governance by ethical machine systems with human retraining, organizational strategy redesign, and allegiance to bounding policies for structural fairness, openness, inclusion, and objectivity.
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Omotayo, Temitope Seun, Prince Boateng, Oluyomi Osobajo, Adekunle Oke, and Loveline Ifeoma Obi. "Systems thinking and CMM for continuous improvement in the construction industry." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 69, no. 2 (2019): 271–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-11-2018-0417.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a capability maturity model (CMM) developed to implement continuous improvement in small and medium scale construction companies (SMSCC) in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach A multi-strategy approach involving qualitative studies of SMSCC in Nigeria was conducted. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with purposively selected construction experts in Nigeria to identify variables essential for continuous improvement in SMSCC. Data collected were thematically analysed using NVIVO. Subsequently, a system thinking approach is employed to design and develop the CMM for implementing continuous improvement SMSCC, by exploring possible relationships between the variables established. Findings CMM provided a five-level approach for the inclusion of investigated variables such as team performance; culture; structure; post-project reviews, financial risk management, waste management policy and cost control. These variables are factors leading to continuous improvement in SMSCC, implementable within a six to seven and a half years’ timeline. Practical implications The system thinking model revealed cogent archetypes in the form of reinforcing loops that can be applied in developing the performance of SMSCC. Continuous improvement is feasible. However, it takes time to implement. Further longitudinal studies on the cost of implementing continuous improvement through CMM a knowledge transfer project can be initiated. Originality/value A methodical strategy for enhancing the effectiveness and operations of SMSCC in developing countries can be extracted from the causal loop diagram and the CMM.
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Kosiborod, Mikhail, Rebecca K. Gottlieb, Julie A. Sekella, et al. "Performance of the Medtronic Sentrino continuous glucose management (CGM) system in the cardiac intensive care unit." BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 2, no. 1 (2014): e000037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2014-000037.
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Supriya, V. Pawar, Kumar Gireesh, and Deshmukh Eashan. "Predictive Analytics for High Business Performance through Effective Marketing." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 2, no. 2 (2018): 380–82. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd8385.
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With economic globalization and continuous development of e commerce, customer relationship management CRM has become an important factor in growth of a company.CRM requires huge expenses. One way to profit from your CRM investment and drive better results, is through machine learning. Machine learning helps business to manage, understand and provide services to customers at individual level Both customer segmentation and buyer targeting help the business to increase marketing performances. The objective is to propose a new approach for better customer targeting. Supriya V. Pawar | Gireesh Kumar | Eashan Deshmukh "Predictive Analytics for High Business Performance through Effective Marketing" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-2 , February 2018, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd8385.pdf
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Natriyani, Sholikah, and Alkadri Kusalendra Siharis. "KOMBINASI METODE SAP, STUDI KASUS, SIMULASI KONDISI SEBAGAI INOVASI PROGRAM PELATIHAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KINERJA SDM DI BANK BAPAS 69 MAGELANG." JURNAL MANEKSI 10, no. 1 (2021): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31959/jm.v10i1.638.
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The goal is to describe human resources training conducted in PD. BPR BANK BAPAS 69 Magelang. In this study the writers employed the qualitative method of applying data collection techniques by observation and interview. The determined source used in this study is an overwhelmingly sampling technique. The branch head, the cashier, customer service, credit analysis or banking staff that are the informants in the study. In this study writers used triangulation techniques to test data's accuracy and validity.The results showed that the method used was less effective, where the training process for employees used the seminar method and little practice. The author proposes innovations in HR training methods that can be applied by PD. BPR Bank Bapas 69 Magelang to support the effectiveness of the training program being held. The program innovation that can be proposed by the author is the implementation of SAP Success Factors Continuous Performance Management (CPM) which is software on gadgets managed by HR to facilitate the provision of guidance and coaching for employees and coaches combined with programs, namely solving case studies and simulation of work-related conditions. It is hoped that this will provide better outcomes in increasing the productivity and performance of human resources than just a colloquy.
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Taherparvar, Nastaran, Reza Esmaeilpour, and Mohammad Dostar. "Customer knowledge management, innovation capability and business performance: a case study of the banking industry." Journal of Knowledge Management 18, no. 3 (2014): 591–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-11-2013-0446.
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Purpose – This paper aims to examine the effect of customer knowledge management (CKM) on continuous innovation and firm performance in 35 private banks in Guilan (Iran). CKM emerges as an important and effective system for innovation capability and firm performance. However, the role of CKM in innovation and performance is not well understood. Design/methodology/approach – Data have been collected via questionnaires from managers of private banks in Guilan. Feedback was received from 265 managers in 350 distributed questionnaires, and hypotheses were tested using the structural equation modelling. Findings – The results of this paper indicate that knowledge from customers has a positive impact on both innovation speed and innovation quality as well as operational and financial performances. Also, our results demonstrate a different effect of knowledge about customer and knowledge for customers on various dimensions of innovation and firm performance. By using customer’s knowledge flows, firms will be aware of external environment and new changes in customers’ needs and so will be more innovative and perform better. Practical implications – CKM is known as an important system to connecting internal environment to external environment to create novel ideas. The results of this paper shed light on the consequences of CKM on firms and provide support for the importance of CKM to enhance innovation capacity and firm performance. Originality/value – This article is one of the first to find empirical support for the role of CKM within firms and its importance on innovation capability and firm performance. This study can provide valuable insights and guidance for researchers and managers as well.
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Gaikwad, Deepak Devendra. "Current Scenario of Different Type of Services Marketing and Delivery in Customer Relationship Management." International Journal of Engineering and Management Research 10, no. 1 (2020): 30–32. https://doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.10.1.6.
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<strong>A Significance of customer relationship management, CRM in banking sector and their benefit to their customer, principles of CRM, challenges for implementation. Profile of sample bank and their working performance were discussed perception of service quality of public and private sectors banks and their expectations in this regard and discussed in forthcoming the social economic profile of the respondents is disused.</strong> <strong>The concept of CRM is vital to the insurance sector. Good customer service is the bust brand ambassador for any mode of insurance. The entire business process consists of highly integrated efforts to discover, create, arouse and satisfy customer need. The modern business has realized it and is making all out efforts to become customer-centric across the globe. Hence, the customer relationship management is not a once-for-all affair but a continuous process. It is the integral approach of dealing with customer by deploying the advanced information technology.</strong> <strong>The Hospitality industry a huge potential for Social CRM. The hospitality industry thrives on two basic factors-segmentation & uniqueness. Apart from the regular promises of customer satisfaction, it is the identity or rather the personality on hotel that really matter. Customer relationship management, particularly on hotel chin level, is very challenging but also very important, as the hospitality industry deals with perishable goods and need to mange supply and demand with a sure instinct.</strong>
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Momynaliev, K. T., M. V. Prokopiev, and I. V. Ivanov. "Overview of modern sensors for continuous glucose monitoring." Diabetes mellitus 26, no. 6 (2023): 575–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/dm13043.
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The incidence of diabetes is increasing in all age groups. The use of technological devices for the treatment of diabetes, such as continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), is expanding and is associated with improved control of blood glucose levels in order to prevent complications of this disease. Reducing glycemic variability and maintaining optimal glycemic control is critical to the management of patients with type 1 diabetes. The usefulness of glycemic monitoring devices has also been shown for patients with type 2 diabetes. CGM technology is constantly being improved in terms of analytical performance, biocompatibility, wear duration, safety and clinical performance. However, commonly used minimally invasive CGMs do not measure blood glucose directly, but instead measure the glucose concentration in the interstitial fluid (IF), so changes in IF glucose occur with a delay of 5 to 15 minutes compared to blood glucose. In addition, the lifetime of minimally invasive CGM sensors is relatively short, up to 14 days. Therefore, the introduction into clinical practice of devices for non-invasive glucose measurement in people with diabetes, which overcome the above-mentioned limitations of minimally invasive CGM, will expand the possibilities of glucose monitoring among patients with diabetes. The purpose of this review was to present the technologies of CGM system sensors approved for medical use in Russia and other countries.
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Lim, Hyun Ah, Minjoo Kim, Na Jin Kim, et al. "The Performance of Continuous Glucose Monitoring During the Intraoperative Period: A Scoping Review." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 20 (2024): 6169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13206169.
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Introduction: Perioperative dysglycemia is associated with negative surgical outcomes, including increased risk of infections and longer hospital stays. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) provides real-time glucose data, potentially improving glycemic control during surgery. However, the performance of CGM in the intraoperative environment has not been well established. This scoping review aimed to evaluate the performance of CGM systems during the intraoperative period, focusing on their technical reliability, accuracy, adverse device effects, and efficacy. Inclusion criteria: Studies that assessed intraoperative CGM performance, focusing on technical reliability, accuracy, adverse effects, or efficacy, were included. No restrictions were placed on the study design, surgical type, participant demographics, or publication date. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, covering publications up to 12 June 2024. Two independent reviewers screened and selected the studies for inclusion based on predefined eligibility criteria. Data extraction focused on the study characteristics, CGM performance, and outcomes. Results: Twenty-two studies were included, the majority of which were prospective cohort studies. CGM systems demonstrated a high technical reliability, with sensor survival rates above 80%. However, the accuracy varied, with some studies reporting mean or median absolute relative differences of over 15%. The adverse effects were minimal and mainly involved minor skin irritation. One randomized trial found no significant difference between CGM and point-of-care glucose monitoring for glycemic control. Conclusions: Although CGM has the potential to improve intraoperative glycemic management, its accuracy remains inconsistent. Future research should explore newer CGM technologies and assess their impact on surgical outcomes.
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Supriya, V. Pawar, Kumar Gireesh, and Deshmukh Eashan. "Predictive Analytics for High Business Performance through Effective Marketing." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 2, no. 2 (2018): 1046–50. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd9502.
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With economic globalization and continuous development of e commerce, customer relationship management CRM has become an important factor in growth of a company. CRM requires huge expenses. One way to profit from your CRM investment and drive better results, is through machine learning. Machine learning helps business to manage, understand and provide services to customers at individual level. Thus propensity modeling helps the business in increasing marketing performance. The objective is to propose a new approach for better customer targeting. We'll device a method to improve prediction capabilities of existing CRM systems by improving classification performance for propensity modeling. Supriya V. Pawar | Gireesh Kumar | Eashan Deshmukh "Predictive Analytics for High Business Performance through Effective Marketing" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-2 , February 2018, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd9502.pdf
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Mercier, Larry, Tracy Byington, Walt Senkwic, and Christopher Barry. "Implementation of Integrated CAD/CAM Systems in Small and Medium Sized Shipyards: A Case Study." Journal of Ship Production 14, no. 02 (1998): 134–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1998.14.2.134.
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The Coast Guard Yard in Curtis Bay·, MD implemented a PC/AutoCAD based CAD/CAM system and used it to construct a series of 15 M (49 foot) buoy tenders. Implementing CAD/CAM is primarily a management, rather than technical, challenge. Performance-Based Management Techniques were used to develop the new system as an integrated whole, controlled and documented under ISO 9001. The process was cost-effective, required minimum retraining, was fully implemented in a few months, and was appropriate to a small shipyard building boats, but extensible as required to medium sized ships. The authors discuss:The use of Performance-Based Management and team-building techniques to help implement the process;The use of process management techniques to document, control and systematically improve the process in order to remain competitive;The process developed, including methods to allow varying levels of operator skill, geometry, weight and interference control, and development of automation techniques;The lessons learned, the results in productivity improvement, and the future path for continuous improvement
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Emmanuel K., Mugisha. "Exploring the Effectiveness of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Improving Quality of Life and Reducing Hypoglycemic Episodes in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: A Narrative Review." IDOSR JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCES 10, no. 1 (2025): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.59298/idosrjas/2025/101.14000.
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Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) poses unique challenges in pediatric populations, requiring meticulous glycemic management to mitigate risks such as hypoglycemia and long-term complications. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has emerged as a transformative tool, providing real-time data to support proactive diabetes management. This narrative review evaluated the effectiveness of CGM in improving quality of life (QoL) and reducing hypoglycemic episodes among children with T1DM. A comprehensive literature review methodology was employed to synthesize evidence on CGM’s impact, challenges, and future potential. CGM enhances glycemic control by providing continuous data streams and predictive alarms, addressing the limitations of traditional self-monitoring methods. Psychosocial benefits include reduced anxiety, greater independence, and improved communication between families and healthcare providers. However, barriers such as cost, adherence, and accessibility impede its widespread adoption. Emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence integration and advanced hybrid closed-loop systems, promise to overcome these challenges, further enhancing CGM’s usability and accuracy. Future research should explore CGM’s long-term outcomes, including its impact on psychological well-being and academic performance, while prioritizing equitable access. Addressing these factors will enable CGM to fulfill its potential as a cornerstone of pediatric diabetes management, significantly improving the lives of children with T1DM and their families. Keywords: Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM), Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), Pediatric Diabetes Management, Quality of Life (QoL), Hypoglycemic Episodes.
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Freire, Isabel Maria Alexandre, Aline Repolêz, Edna Almeida, and Camila Pereira-Guizzo. "An Overview of Lean Six Sigma management applications in research animals facilities." Concilium 24, no. 12 (2024): 513–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53660/clm-3625-24m40.
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Lean Six Sigma (LSS) is recognized as a continuous improvement methodology that enhances operational processes by reducing waste, variability, and costs, while increasing the quality of products and services. Originating in the industrial and manufacturing sectors, it has been implemented in healthcare over the past three decades to improve operational performance, costs and excellence. In animal research facilities, LSS was first reported at Seattle Children’s Hospital, where tools and methods were applied in administrative and research support services. The objective of this study was to characterize the current knowledge regarding the application of LSS tools in animal research facilities, identifying the benefits and limitations of these practices. A database search identified 227 publications, of which 11 were selected. The results showed that LSS has notable applicability and should be incorporated associated with initiatives for cultural and organizational change despite limitations as resistance to implementation and difficulty in sustainment the gains.
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Putra, Karisma, Mahendro Prasetyo Kusumo, Prayitno Prayitno, et al. "Optimizing the Performance of AI Model for Non-Invasive Continuous Glucose Monitoring: Hyperparameter Tuning and Random Oversampling Approach." JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization 8, no. 2 (2024): 991. http://dx.doi.org/10.62527/joiv.8.2.2047.
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Diabetes Mellitus (DM) as a non-communicable disease (NCD) continues to increase every year. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is essential for effective DM management. However, existing disposable glucose monitoring methods still rely on invasive techniques, cause pain, and lack continuous monitoring capabilities. On the other hand, non-invasive techniques are not feasible for CGM due to the biometric data's complexity and the classification system's inadequate performance. This study aims to develop a non-invasive technology to improve the performance of a non-invasive blood glucose classification system using Artificial Intelligence (AI), specifically Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and an oversampling technique. The oversampling technique could improve data quantity by balancing the amount of data for each class. This study recruited twenty-three participants in the age range of 20 to 22 years comprising seven females and fifteen males. During data recording sessions, blood glucose levels were simultaneously assessed using a gold-standard glucometer and a non-invasive CGM prototype. The proposed CNN model successfully improved the classification accuracy of non-invasive blood glucose monitoring significantly. With the implementation of oversampling for augmenting the data, the accuracy of the proposed model increased to more than 88%. This study concludes that non-invasive approaches combined with AI technology have the potential to provide a convenient and pain-free alternative to traditional monitoring methods, significantly improving diabetes management and enhancing the overall quality of life for those affected by this condition. These findings could revolutionize the field of diabetes management, offering a more comfortable and accurate monitoring solution that could potentially transform the lives of millions of diabetes patients.
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Silva, Maria Eduarda Wanderley de Barros, Milton Jorge Lobo Barbosa, Ana Paula Stefanelo e. Silva, et al. "Health indicators as drivers for improvement in the management of health services." Concilium 23, no. 17 (2023): 846–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.53660/clm-2211-23q34.
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Effective management of healthcare services requires continuous improvements due to limited resources and increasing demand. Health indicators provide measurable information about system performance, guiding improvements and informed decisions. This study aims to examine how health indicators act as drivers for improvement in the management of health services. This is an integrative literature review, carried out between the months of August and September 2023, in the SciELO, VHL and Google Scholar databases. A total of 236 articles were found, after screening with the criteria defined by the research, only 10 studies were selected to compose the final sample. Health indicators cover a variety of areas, including mortality, birth rate, morbidity, immunization and access to health care, allowing assessment of a population's health status and areas of concern. It is concluded that health indicators offer crucial information on various aspects of health service management, allowing improvements, efficient allocation of resources, monitoring progress and guiding health policies, in addition to enabling managers to make decisions based on evidence.
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Xian, Wee Low, Leau Yu-Beng, Yan Zhiwei, Park Yong-Jin, and Anbar Mohammed. "Performance evaluation of route optimization management of producer mobility in information-centric networking." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 5 (2022): 5260–71. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i5.pp5260-5271.
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Named data networking (NDN) is a network service evolving the Internet's host-based packet delivery model. The idea of NDN is to use named data for routing, which specifies what they are looking for, instead of using location addresses that determine where they expect it to be provided. This architecture is expected to solve many issues that are currently faced by transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP) architecture, such as scalability, robustness, mobility, security, and etcetera. One of the problems is about handling producer mobility. Considering the explosion growth rate of Internet connection in public transport vehicles, this is a challenge that needs to be overcome. Therefore, we have proposed a new scheme called route optimization management of producer mobility (ROM-P) with new features such as distributing anchor points and caching by using the same data name and com-paring our previous scheme, efficient producer mobility support (EPMS). This paper shows the analysis result between the ROM-P and EPMS by using simulation. All simulations were conducted using ndnSIM 2.4 NS-3 based. Throughout the simulation ROM-P shows a promising development in better performing compares to EPMS.
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Nirwan, Harshada *. Udawant Pratiksha Darade Ramdas. "QbD Apporach Progress In Pharmacetical Method Development And Validation." International Journal in Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 6 (2024): 92–99. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11442589.
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Quality is one of the fundamental criteria in addition to safety and efficacy for any entity to be qualified and approved as a drug. For ensuring consistency of performance of pharmaceutical products and systems, the recent emphasis has been on building the “quality” rather than merely testing it. This philosophy forms the basis of Quality by Design (QbD). This initiative intended to modernize the FDAs regulation of pharmaceutical quality, and establish a new regulatory framework focused on QbD risk management, and quality system. The initiative challenged industry to look beyond quality by testing (QbT) for ensuring product quality and performance. The entire pharmaceutical product development strategy is based upon the TPQP. It is this parameter which determines the design and extent of development. TPQP is the performance based quality attribute that a product should possess in order to meet TPP. Life cycle management is a control strategy used for implementation of design space in commercial stage. CMM is final step in AQbD life cycle; it is a continuous process of sharing knowledge gained during development and implementation of design space. This includes results of risk assessments, assumptions based on prior knowledge, statistical design considerations, and bridge between the design space, MODR, control strategy, CQA, and ATP. Once a method validation is completed, method can be used for routine purpose and continuous method performance can be monitored. This can be performed by using control charts or tracking system suitability data, method related investigations, and so forth. CMM allows the analyst to proactively identify and address any out-of-trend performance. Advantages and Recommendations.
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Shestakova, Marina Vladimirovna, Aleksandr Yuryevich Mayorov, Yury Ivanovich Philippov, et al. "Russian national guidelines on insulin pump therapy and continuous glucose monitoring for diabetes mellitus patients. DRAFT." Problems of Endocrinology 61, no. 6 (2015): 55–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl201561655-78.
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Insulin pump therapy (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, CSII) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) are high-tech treatment and diagnostic tools for diabetes patients management which are actively used worldwide. CSII initiation and pump-users supervision became a part of routine clinical practice in Russia along with the CGM. Present project of clinical guidelines is based on international and domestic experience in CSII and CGM for diabetes treatment. Guidelines should ensure uniformity of CGM and CSII usage in Russia by health care professionals and diabetes patients and provide them an international experience to guarantee height performance of the technology. This article contains a preliminary version of the guidelines (draft) prepared for further expert’s discussion and review. The final version of the clinical guidelines will be sent to the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for approval.
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Farkas, Maia J., and Rina M. Hirsch. "The Effect of Frequency and Automation of Internal Control Testing on External Auditor Reliance on the Internal Audit Function." Journal of Information Systems 30, no. 1 (2015): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/isys-51266.
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ABSTRACT Failure of the internal audit function (IAF) to detect a significant deficiency in internal controls is a significant shortcoming in the IAF's work performance. This shortcoming in the IAF's work performance reduces external auditors' willingness to rely on the IAF's work. Using a two-stage experiment, we investigate how the implementation of three different internal control testing remediation strategies (akin to CCM, ACL, and periodic manual testing), which vary in their automation and frequency, affect external auditors' perceptions of IAF strength and planned reliance on the IAF's work. We find that automated remediation strategies fully remediate external auditors' perceptions of poor IAF work performance and low degree of reliance on the IAF, whereas manual remediation strategies result in only partial remediation. Counterintuitively, less frequent remediation strategies are more effective at improving perceptions of poor IAF work performance and low levels of reliance on the IAF, relative to continuous remediation strategies.
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Aman, Madeeha, Saeed Mahfooz, Muhammad Zubair, Neelam Mukhtar, Kanwal Imran, and Shah Khusro. "Tunnel-Free Distributed Mobility Management (DMM) Support Protocol for Future Mobile Networks." Electronics 8, no. 12 (2019): 1519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121519.
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The number of wireless services and devices have remarkably increased, especially since the introduction of smart phones. The population of mobile nodes (MNs) is now exceeding the traditional non-mobile nodes. Mobility is a key factor in mobile core networks as it is responsible for providing continuous communication when a MN is on the move. Currently, a centralized mobile core network architecture is implemented, which has certain limitations. Distributed mobility management (DMM) is often seen as a solution to the problems associated with centralized mobility management (CMM). Address and tunneling management are big challenges for current DMM-based mobility protocols. Keeping in mind the current advancement of mobile network architecture, this paper proposes a novel tunnel-free distributed mobility management support protocol intended for such an evolution. In addition, the performance of the existing DMM IPv6 mobility management protocols in the context of handover latency, handover blocking probability, and data packet loss is analyzed and compared to the proposed framework. The performance analyses show that the proposed tunnel-free method can reduce about 12% of handover latency, 71% of handover blocking probability, and 82% of data packet loss.
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Su, Lin Bo, Jian Hua Chen, and Ying Peng Hu. "The Study of Coded CPM Schemes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 198-199 (September 2012): 1408–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.198-199.1408.
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Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM) schemes belong to a class of constant-envelope digital modulation schemes, the constant-envelope nature of the CPM signals makes them robust for the nonlinear and fading channels, and very useful for the satellite and/or the mobile radio channels. Comparing to PSK modulation, CPM modulation can not only provide spectral economy, but also exhibit a “coding gain”. CPM can be decomposed into a Continuous Phase Encoder (CPE) followed by a Memoryless Modulator (MM), this allows many new coded modulation schemes of combination of convolutional encoder and CPM modulator to be possible, such as serially-concatenated CPM (SC-CPM), SC-CPM with Convolutional Codes over Rings, pragmatic CPM (P-CPM), Concatenation of convolutional endocder and extended CE（CCEC）, etc. Some simulations show that these new CPM schemes can offer superior performance.
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Nguyen, Dung, Hoai Nguyen, and Kien S. Nguyen. "Ownership feature and firm performance via corporate innovation performance." Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies 25, no. 2 (2018): 239–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabes-10-2018-0078.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the simultaneous relationship among ownership concentration, innovation and firm performance of the small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam during the 2011–2015. By employing a Conditional Mixed Process (CMP) model, the findings show that: there is no impact of ownership concentration on innovation, but it has a positive impact on sales growth; innovation positively affects firm performance; and there exists a positively reverse causality from sales growth to innovation. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the authors propose the adaption of CMP model (Roodman, 2011). The nature of the first stage dependent variable – Innovation – is a binary one while the dependent variable Performance is continuous. Therefore, a model that can adapt the binary nature of the dependent variable and perform the estimation of a system of equations such as CMP model is preferred. The CMP framework is substantially that of seemingly unrelated regression, but with application in a larger scope. This approach is based on a “simulated maximum likelihood method” suggested by Geweke–Hajivassiliou–Keane algorithm. Findings By applying CMP method, this study examines the simultaneous relationship among ownership concentration, innovation and firm performance of the SMEs in Vietnam from 2011 to 2015. The findings indicate that: there is no impact of ownership concentration on innovation, but it has a positive impact on sales growth; innovation positively affects firm performance; and there exists a positively reverse causality from sales growth to innovation. Research limitations/implications In spite of the efforts to explore the simultaneous relationship among ownership concentration, innovation and firm performance of the SMEs in Vietnam, the study still has some limitations which are promising further research directions. First, the SME surveys by Central Institute for Economic Management do not have much information about other types of ownership including state-owned and foreign ownership. Therefore, possible further studies with richer data sets may explore the impacts of different types of ownership on firm innovation and performance. Second, other types of innovation such as organizational innovation, marketing innovation can also be investigated in further studies in a richer data set for the case of Vietnam SMEs. Originality/value The findings show that: there is no impact of ownership concentration on innovation, but it has a positive impact on sales growth; innovation positively affects firm performance; and there exists a positively reverse causality from sales growth to innovation. The policy implications insist on facilitating SMEs with easier access to capital via loans with preferred interest or trust loans without collateral, training programs for the labor force and SME leaders, and reduction of unnecessary administrative procedure.
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Rumbewas, Jeffryson Munsaki, and Akbar Adhiutama. "CYCLE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS IMPROVEMENT IN EXTRACTION LEVEL ON PRODUCTION PLAN UNDERGROUND GRASBERG BLOCK CAVE (GBC) AT PT.FREEPORT INDONESIA." ENSAINS JOURNAL 2, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.31848/ensains.v2i1.182.
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Abstract:. Development is a process of making aperture (tunnel) is done by dismantling (excavation) both manually and mechanically. The results to be obtained that is in the form of opening holes according to Grasberg Block Cave (GBC Mine) production plan based on the purpose of the open pit function. Propose is done to support other fix facility in order to support the Production Plan in 2018. Completion of a hole openings (Tunnel) with the rule that is a continuous stage (cycle development) that there must be a good control system of development process. Control that is done design engineering and its application in the field. The fact is that in 2015 - 2016, the target gain is not in line with expectations and causes the meter (d Equivalent meter) of operational development at the extraction level in the GBC Underground mine to decrease by 50 - 55% or about 641 meter up to 1000 meter difference of the second plan of the year.Identification of the current problem is the process of progress of opening aperture that has not reached the target because one of the process in the cycle development of Mucking and Hauling not achieved the target because of some basic things. The minimal information and low support of the reporting system caused some strategic decisions to be delayed and caused simultaneous cycles to experience significant constraints. A centralized and fast-accessible Information System from either input or share data by all stakeholders responsible for operational project development tunnel is very supportive. Good motivation greatly affects the performance of each stakeholder working on the project, so that the appropriate approach according to Human needs can be done in order to increase productivity.Project Management with CPM method as well as Human Resource Management (Motivation application of Abraham Maslow) becomes an option in humanizing according to the Root problem obtained by the Current Reality Tree method. The hope is that the development process runs quickly, safely and safely and operational with little operational expense and minimal repetitiveKeywords: cycle development, production plan, underground mine
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Tasadduq, Imran A. "CPM-GFDM: A Novel Combination of Continuous Phase Modulation and Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing for Wireless Communication." Applied Sciences 13, no. 2 (2023): 854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13020854.
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In this paper, continuous phase modulation-generalized frequency division multiplexing (CPM-GFDM) is proposed. The performance of CPM-GFDM is evaluated over Gaussian and frequency selective fading channels. In the proposed technique, the mapper in the transmitter and the de-mapper in the receiver of traditional GFDM are replaced by a CPM mapper and de-mapper, respectively. Using Monte-Carlo simulations, the bit error rate performance is evaluated for several rational values of the modulation index. We establish the superiority of CPM-GFDM over traditional GFDM using error performance plots through extensive simulations. We demonstrate that there are several values of the modulation index that give a performance superior to the conventional GFDM, with giving the best performance for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels, while for the frequency-selective channels the best performance is observed when .
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Liu, Chengyuan, Josep Vehí, Parizad Avari, et al. "Long-Term Glucose Forecasting Using a Physiological Model and Deconvolution of the Continuous Glucose Monitoring Signal." Sensors 19, no. 19 (2019): 4338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194338.
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(1) Objective: Blood glucose forecasting in type 1 diabetes (T1D) management is a maturing field with numerous algorithms being published and a few of them having reached the commercialisation stage. However, accurate long-term glucose predictions (e.g., >60 min), which are usually needed in applications such as precision insulin dosing (e.g., an artificial pancreas), still remain a challenge. In this paper, we present a novel glucose forecasting algorithm that is well-suited for long-term prediction horizons. The proposed algorithm is currently being used as the core component of a modular safety system for an insulin dose recommender developed within the EU-funded PEPPER (Patient Empowerment through Predictive PERsonalised decision support) project. (2) Methods: The proposed blood glucose forecasting algorithm is based on a compartmental composite model of glucose–insulin dynamics, which uses a deconvolution technique applied to the continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) signal for state estimation. In addition to commonly employed inputs by glucose forecasting methods (i.e., CGM data, insulin, carbohydrates), the proposed algorithm allows the optional input of meal absorption information to enhance prediction accuracy. Clinical data corresponding to 10 adult subjects with T1D were used for evaluation purposes. In addition, in silico data obtained with a modified version of the UVa-Padova simulator was used to further evaluate the impact of accounting for meal absorption information on prediction accuracy. Finally, a comparison with two well-established glucose forecasting algorithms, the autoregressive exogenous (ARX) model and the latent variable-based statistical (LVX) model, was carried out. (3) Results: For prediction horizons beyond 60 min, the performance of the proposed physiological model-based (PM) algorithm is superior to that of the LVX and ARX algorithms. When comparing the performance of PM against the secondly ranked method (ARX) on a 120 min prediction horizon, the percentage improvement on prediction accuracy measured with the root mean square error, A-region of error grid analysis (EGA), and hypoglycaemia prediction calculated by the Matthews correlation coefficient, was 18.8 % , 17.9 % , and 80.9 % , respectively. Although showing a trend towards improvement, the addition of meal absorption information did not provide clinically significant improvements. (4) Conclusion: The proposed glucose forecasting algorithm is potentially well-suited for T1D management applications which require long-term glucose predictions.
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Anjum, Madiha, Raazia Saher, and Muhammad Noman Saeed. "Optimizing type 2 diabetes management: AI-enhanced time series analysis of continuous glucose monitoring data for personalized dietary intervention." PeerJ Computer Science 10 (April 22, 2024): e1971. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.1971.
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Despite advanced health facilities in many developed countries, diabetic patients face multifold health challenges. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) go along with conspicuous symptoms due to frequent peaks, hypoglycemia <=70 mg/dL (while fasting), or hyperglycemia >=180 mg/dL two hours postprandial, according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA)). The worse effects of Type 2 diabetes mellitus are precisely associated with the poor lifestyle adopted by patients. In particular, a healthy diet and nutritious food are the key to success for such patients. This study was done to help T2DM patients improve their health by developing a favorable lifestyle under an AI-assisted Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) digital system. This study aims to reduce the blood glucose level fluctuations of such patients by rectifying their daily diet and maintaining their exertion vs. food consumption records. In this study, a well-precise prediction is obtained by training the ML model on a dataset recorded from CGM sensor devices attached to T2DM patients under observation. As the data obtained from the CGM sensor is time series, to predict blood glucose levels, the time series analysis and forecasting are done with XGBoost, SARIMA, and Prophet. The results of different Models are then compared based on performance metrics. This helped in monitoring various trends, specifically irregular patterns of the patient’s glucose data, collected by the CGM sensor. Later, keeping track of these trends and seasonality, the diet is adjusted accordingly by adding or removing particular food and keeping track of its nutrients with the intervention of a commercially available all-in-one AI solution for food recognition. This created an interactive assistive system, where the predicted results are compared to food contents to bring the blood glucose levels within the normal range for maintaining a healthy lifestyle and to alert about blood glucose fluctuations before the time that are going to occur sooner. This study will help T2DM patients get in managing diabetes and ultimately bring HbA1c within the normal range (<= 5.7%) for diabetic and pre-diabetic patients, three months after the intervention.
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Amadou, Coralie, Vincent Melki, Jennifer Allain, et al. "Performance and patients’ satisfaction with the A7+TouchCare insulin patch pump system: A randomized controlled non-inferiority study." PLOS ONE 18, no. 8 (2023): e0289684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289684.
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Background We assessed the performance and patient satisfaction of a new insulin patch pump, the A7+TouchCare (Medtrum), compared with the Omnipod system. Methods This multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled study enrolled 100 adult patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus (A1C ≥ 6.5% and ≤ 9.5%, i.e., 48 to 80 mmol/mol) who were assigned with the Omnipod or with the A7+TouchCare pump for 3 months. The primary study outcome was the glucose management indicator (GMI) calculated with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Results Premature withdrawals occurs respectively in 2 and 9 participants in the Omnipod and TouchCare groups. In the Per Protocol analysis, the difference in GMI between groups was 0.002% (95% confidence interval -0.251; 0.255). The non-inferiority was demonstrated since the difference between treatments did not overlap the pre-defined non-inferiority margin (0.4%). There was no significant difference in CGM parameters between groups. On average, patients in both groups were satisfied/very satisfied with the insulin pump system. Patients preferred Omnipod as an insulin management system and especially the patch delivery system but preferred the A7+TouchCare personal diabetes manager to control the system. Conclusions This study showed that the A7+TouchCare insulin pump was as efficient as the Omnipod pump in terms of performance and satisfaction. Clinical trail registration The study was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov protocol register (NCT04223973).
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Tasadduq, Imran A., Mohsin Murad, and Pablo Otero. "CPM-OFDM Performance over Underwater Acoustic Channels." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 10 (2021): 1104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9101104.
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We propose and evaluate the performance of a continuous phase modulation based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CPM-OFDM) transceiver for underwater acoustic communication (UAC). In the proposed technique, the mapper in traditional OFDM is replaced by CPM while a realistic model of underwater channel is employed. Bit error rate (BER) as well as peak to average power ratio (PAPR) performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated using Monte-Carlo simulations. The error performance observed clearly establishes the superiority of CPM-OFDM over traditional OFDM schemes. Specifically, a value of 7/16 or 9/16 for the modulation index gives the best error performance. Furthermore, the error performance of the proposed scheme is within acceptable values up to a transmitter–receiver distance of 1.5 km. Additionally, the PAPR performance of the proposed scheme suggests that like other OFDM schemes, a PAPR reduction scheme is mandatory for acceptable PAPR performance of CPM-OFDM.
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Heinemann, Lutz, and Andreas Stuhr. "Self-measurement of Blood Glucose and Continuous Glucose Monitoring – Is There Only One Future?" European Endocrinology 14, no. 2 (2018): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/ee.2018.14.2.24.
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Monitoring glycaemic control in patients with diabetes has evolved dramatically over the past decades. The introduction of easy-to-use systems for self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) utilising capillary blood samples has resulted in the availability of a wide range of systems, providing different measurement quality. Systems for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) – used mainly in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) – were made possible by the development of glucose sensors that measure glucose levels in the interstitial fluid (ISF) in the subcutaneous tissue of the skin. CGM readings might not correspond exactly to SMBG measurement results taken at the same time, especially during rapid changes in either blood glucose or ISF glucose levels. The mean absolute relative difference is the most popular method used for characterising the measurement performance of CGM systems. Unlike the International Organization for Standardization 15197:2013 criteria for SMBG systems, no accuracy standards for CGM systems exist. Measurement quality of CGM systems can vary based on several factors, limiting their safety and effective use in managing diabetes. Patients have to be trained adequately to make safe and efficient use of CGM systems (like with SMBG systems). Also, systems for CGM must be evaluated in terms of patient safety and the ability to provide accurate measurements regardless of the fluctuation of glucose levels. As new technological advancements in glucose monitoring are essential for improved management options of diabetes, such as automated insulin dosing systems, there is a need for a critical view of all such developments. It is likely that both, SMBG and CGM systems, will play important future roles in the treatment of diabetes.
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Zhang, Lei, Man Ping Tong, and Hong Bo Wang. "Rate-Compatible Punctured Ring Convolutional Coded Continuous Phase Modulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 195-196 (August 2012): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.195-196.217.
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In this paper, continuous phase modulation (CPM) with rate-compatible punctured ring convolutional codes is investigated. Some typical schemes with maximum normalized minimum squared euclidean distance (NMSED) are searched and given. The performance of bit error rate for rate-compatible punctured ring convolutional coded CPM on AWGN channel is simulated, and simulation results show that this system can provide good performance of bit error rate and variable-rate capabilities. Furthermore, simulation results also prove that the transmission efficiency increases when code rate is decreasing.
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Murad, Mohsin, Imran A. Tasadduq, Mohammed J. Alghamdi, Pablo Otero, and Miguel-Ángel Luque-Nieto. "A Novel OFDM Approach Using Error Correcting Codes and Continuous Phase Modulation for Underwater Acoustic Communication." Applied Sciences 14, no. 11 (2024): 4921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14114921.
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In this work, the performance of coded continuous phase modulation (CPM) transceivers for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) in underwater acoustic channels is evaluated. The proposed technique employs the Bose–Chaudhuri–Hocquenghem (BCH) class of cyclic codes, and a CPM-based mapper is being used in place of a traditional OFDM mapper. Bit-error-rates (BERs) for various distances are evaluated. We use the Bellhop acoustic channel simulator that is considered to be very close to a real underwater channel. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated for 23 values of the CPM modulation index h as a function of the distance between the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx). Based upon the error performance, we identified several best-performing CPM indices. We also observed that for Tx–Rx distances of 100 and 250 m, the proposed system gives acceptable performance without the need for equalization. We also compared the out-of-band radiation of the proposed system with PSK-OFDM and observed that the uncoded CPM-OFDM has a better out-of-band (OOB) performance than the traditional OFDM. Moreover, a comparison of BERs with the traditional PSK-OFDM system shows that the proposed system outperforms the traditional OFDM system by a wide margin.
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Colberg, Sheri R., Jihan Kannane, and Norou Diawara. "Physical Activity, Dietary Patterns, and Glycemic Management in Active Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes: An Online Survey." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (2021): 9332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179332.
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Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are able to balance their blood glucose levels while engaging in a wide variety of physical activities and sports. However, insulin use forces them to contend with many daily training and performance challenges involved with fine-tuning medication dosing, physical activity levels, and dietary patterns to optimize their participation and performance. The aim of this study was to ascertain which variables related to the diabetes management of physically active individuals with T1D have the greatest impact on overall blood glucose levels (reported as A1C) in a real-world setting. A total of 220 individuals with T1D completed an online survey to self-report information about their glycemic management, physical activity patterns, carbohydrate and dietary intake, use of diabetes technologies, and other variables that impact diabetes management and health. In analyzing many variables affecting glycemic management, the primary significant finding was that A1C values in lower, recommended ranges (<7%) were significantly predicted by a very-low carbohydrate intake dietary pattern, whereas the use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices had the greatest predictive ability when A1C was above recommended (≥7%). Various aspects of physical activity participation (including type, weekly time, frequency, and intensity) were not significantly associated with A1C for participants in this survey. In conclusion, when individuals with T1D are already physically active, dietary changes and more frequent monitoring of glucose may be most capable of further enhancing glycemic management.
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Acuna, Edgar, Roxana Aparicio, and Velcy Palomino. "Analyzing the Performance of Transformers for the Prediction of the Blood Glucose Level Considering Imputation and Smoothing." Big Data and Cognitive Computing 7, no. 1 (2023): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdcc7010041.
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In this paper we investigate the effect of two preprocessing techniques, data imputation and smoothing, in the prediction of blood glucose level in type 1 diabetes patients, using a novel deep learning model called Transformer. We train three models: XGBoost, a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN), and the Transformer model to predict future blood glucose levels for a 30-min horizon using a 60-min time series history in the OhioT1DM dataset. We also compare four methods of handling missing time series data during the model training: hourly mean, linear interpolation, cubic interpolation, and spline interpolation; and two smoothing techniques: Kalman smoothing and smoothing splines. Our experiments show that the Transformer performs better than XGBoost and 1D-CNN when only continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is used as a predictor, and that it is very competitive against XGBoost when CGM and carbohydrate intake from the meal are used to predict blood glucose level. Overall, our results are more accurate than those appearing in the literature.
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Rakesh, Motka, Patel Rakesh, and Panchal Sandip. "Optimized LSTM Model for Accurate Blood Glucose Prediction in Type-1 Diabetes." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 18, no. 16 (2025): 1285–99. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v18i16.368.
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Abstract <strong>Objective:</strong> Blood glucose levels in diabetes are influenced by various factors, making prediction challenging when considering many variables. Therefore, this study proposes an optimized LSTM model to improve the prediction accuracy of blood glucose using a single variable (CGM), thereby simplifying diabetes management. <strong>Methods:</strong> This study has implemented the LSTM model to predict blood glucose levels in type-1 diabetics for a 60-minute prediction horizon. The grid search technique has been implemented to fine-tune the hyperparameters of the LSTM model. Ohio Datasets were used for this study. Root mean squared error (RMSE) and error grid analysis (EGA) were used for the evaluation of model performance. <strong>Findings:</strong> The proposed study reveals 26.13 ± 3.25 mg/dl predicting accuracy for a 60-minute prediction horizon. Clark Error grid analysis (CEGA) was used to validate clinical acceptance of the proposed model, and the results provided higher than 97% prediction accuracy in the Ohio dataset. <strong>Novelty:</strong> The patient-specific optimized model has outperformed the conventional LSTM model. The results show a significant improvement in model performance compared to previous work in terms of root mean square error (RMSE). <strong>Keywords:</strong> Long-short term memory (LSTM), Grid search optimization technique, Continuous Glucose monitors (CGM), Blood Glucose, Type-1 Diabetes
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Montenegro, Juliana De Oliveira, and Lânderson Laífe Batista Gutierres. "ATUAÇÃO DA ENFERMAGEM EM SAÚDE ESPORTIVA: CUIDADOS ESSENCIAIS PARA ATLETAS PARALÍMPICOS COM LESÃO MEDULAR E PARALISIA CEREBRAL." Revista ft 28, no. 139 (2024): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.69849/revistaft/ch10202410312140.
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This article explores the role of nursing in the external sports health of Paralympic athletes with spinal cord injury (SCI) and cerebral palsy (CP), emphasizing the importance of specific care for their well-being and performance. Through a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals and athletes, along with a literature review to identify nursing practices that meet the unique needs of these athletes. Findings reveal that nursing plays an essential role in supporting both the physical and emotional health of athletes, with guidelines encompassing medication administration, chronic condition management, and complication prevention. Likewise, nursing professionals face unique challenges, such as monitoring and adapting health practices according to the demands of Paralympic competitions. The study indicates the need for continuous development in training and personalized resources to enable nursing to effectively contribute to comprehensive and humane care for athletes, enhancing interdisciplinary as essential to improving sports care.
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Han, Ruigang, Ning Jia, Yufei Liu, Jianchun Huang, Suna Qu, and Shengming Guo. "Posterior Probability-Based Symbol Detection Algorithm for CPM in Underwater Acoustic Channels." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 4 (2025): 800. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13040800.
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The underwater acoustic (UWA) communication system is characterized by limited bandwidth, while continuous phase modulation (CPM) offers a constant envelope, improving power and spectrum utilization efficiency. However, severe inter-symbol interference (ISI) poses a significant challenge in CPM-based UWA communication. Traditional CPM frequency domain equalization (FDE) combined with simple phase detection neglects the inherent coding gain from CPM, leading to performance degradation. Although Viterbi detection provides high performance, its complexity makes it unsuitable for computationally constrained UWA systems. This paper proposes a symbol detection algorithm based on posterior probabilities combined with FDE (PS-FDE). PS-FDE improves CPM signal detection performance by effectively separating information, applying delay, and performing multiple rounds of information merging. Simulations using minimum shift keying (MSK) and Gaussian MSK signals demonstrate significant performance improvement in just a few iterations over UWA channels. A sea trial further validates the algorithm, showing a 15.83% reduction in bit error rate after three information mergings.
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Schierbauer, Janis R., Svenja Günther, Sandra Haupt, et al. "Accuracy of Real Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring during Different Liquid Solution Challenges in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Cross-Over Trial." Sensors 22, no. 9 (2022): 3104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093104.
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Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) represents an integral of modern diabetes management, however, there is still a lack of sensor performance data when rapidly consuming different liquids and thus changing total body water. Methods: 18 healthy adults (ten females, age: 23.1 ± 1.8 years, BMI 22.2 ± 2.1 kg·m−2) performed four trial visits consisting of oral ingestion (12 mL per kg body mass) of either a 0.9% sodium chloride, 5% glucose or Ringer’s solution and a control visit, in which no liquid was administered (control). Sensor glucose levels (Dexcom G6, Dexcom Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) were obtained at rest and in 10-min intervals for a period of 120 min after solution consumption and compared against reference capillary blood glucose measurements. Results: The overall MedARD [IQR] was 7.1% [3.3–10.8]; during control 5.9% [2.7–10.8], sodium chloride 5.0% [2.7–10.2], 5% glucose 11.0% [5.3–21.6] and Ringer’s 7.5% [3.1–13.2] (p < 0.0001). The overall bias [95% LoA] was 4.3 mg·dL−1 [−19 to 28]; during control 3.9 mg·dL−1 [−11 to 18], sodium chloride 4.8 mg·dL−1 [−9 to 19], 5% glucose 3.6 mg·dL−1 [−33 to 41] and Ringer’s solution 4.9 mg·dL−1 [−13 to 23]. Conclusions: The Dexcom G6 CGM system detects glucose with very good accuracy during liquid solution challenges in normoglycemic individuals, however, our data suggest that in people without diabetes, sensor performance is influenced by different solutions.
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Huang, Lian Fen, Tian Li Hu, Zhi Yan Wang, and Wei Ming Lin. "Design and Analysis of a Low Complexity CPM Receiver Based on Differential Soft Decision." Advanced Materials Research 171-172 (December 2010): 495–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.171-172.495.
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In this paper, based on the research of the Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM) receiver, we conclude that the coherent demodulation can achieve better frequency efficiency than the non-coherent demodulation, at the cost of higher design complexity. Hence, this paper proposes a novel differential soft decision scheme to reduce the complexity of the CPM receiver. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can reduce the complexity of the CPM receiver significantly, while causes a slight performance loss
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McCarthy, Michael R., Barton P. Buxton, and Carlan K. Yates. "Effects of Continuous Passive Motion on Anterior Laxity Following ACL Reconstruction with Autogenous Patellar Tendon Grafts." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 2, no. 3 (1993): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2.3.171.
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Continuous passive motion (CPM) is a modality used in the treatment, management, and rehabilitation of a variety of orthopedic problems. Recently, CPM devices have been therapeutically employed immediately after autogenous patellar tendon reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Whereas the concept of early motion is indicated, there is a concomitant concern that the implementation of immediate passive motion may stretch or rupture the graft. Twenty subjects scheduled to undergo ACL reconstruction were randomized into two groups (10 CPM and 10 non-CPM). All subjects performed the same postoperative rehabilitation with the exception of the CPM. Objective anterior tibial translation measurements were recorded with a KT-1000 for a 30-1b (133.5-N) Lachman test at 1 year postreconstruction. The results of this study indicated that the implementation of immediate continuous passive motion did not have any deleterious effects on the stability of the ligament reconstruction.
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Parmeggiani, Francesco, Katia De Nadai, Angela Piovan, Andrea Binotto, Sara Zamengo, and Marzio Chizzolini. "Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging in the Management of the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis System." European Journal of Ophthalmology 27, no. 1 (2017): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/ejo.5000852.
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Purpose To report a real-life experience with the Argus II retinal prosthesis system in blind patients with end-stage retinitis pigmentosa (RP) or choroideremia (CHM), focusing on the pivotal role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in both preoperative and postoperative management. Methods This hospital-based case series included 3 blind patients who were uneventfully implanted with Argus II epiretinal device. These patients (2 with RP and 1 with CHM) were selected during the Argus™ II Retinal Prosthesis System PostMarket Surveillance Study Protocol. Complete screening procedures had involved 66 eyes of 33 patients afferent to the Center for Retinitis Pigmentosa of the Veneto Region. Results Preoperative OCT examination resulted in the exclusion of 8 eyes in 4 patients with bilateral posterior staphyloma diagnosing unexpected staphylomatous macular patterns in 2 patients with RP and no sign of pathologic myopia. Postoperative OCT study of Argus II proximity to retinal surface indicated a plausible correlation between electrode–retina distance and perceptual threshold in 2 of our 3 patients. In particular, during the first 6 months of follow-up, the patient with the closest contact between device and macula showed a continuous vision-related improvement in the performance of several real-life tasks. Conclusions The present findings illustrate the modalities by which each different OCT examination is an essential tool to optimize safety and efficacy profiles during Argus II protocol. Optical coherence tomography will be crucial for future investigative approaches on patient selection criteria and next-generation implant design.
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Han, Ruigang, Ning Jia, Yunfei Li, Dong Xiao, Shengming Guo, and Li Ma. "Iterative-detection–based time-domain adaptive decision feedback equalization for continuous phase modulation of underwater acoustic communication." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 157, no. 3 (2025): 1912–25. https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0036145.
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Continuous phase modulation (CPM), which is widely used in aviation telemetry and satellite communications, may help improve the performance of underwater acoustic (UWA) communication systems owing to its high spectral and power efficiency. However, applying conventional frequency-domain equalization (FDE) algorithms to CPM signals over time-varying UWA channels considerably degrades performance. Moreover, time-domain equalization algorithms often rely on excessive approximations for symbol detection, compromising overall reception. This study presents an iterative-detection–based time-domain adaptive decision feedback equalization (ID-TDADFE) algorithm that tracks channel variations through symbol-by-symbol detection. The symbol detection in ID-TDADFE fully considers the inherent coding gain of CPM signals can be cascaded with an adaptive equalizer, and enhances symbol detection performance by utilizing joint probability estimation. Numerical simulations with minimum-shift keying (MSK) and Gaussian MSK signals demonstrated that ID-TDADFE significantly improved communication performance over a time-varying UWA channel within one or two iterations. In a sea trial for experimental verification, ID-TDADFE reduced bit errors by 45.08% and 51.8% in the first and second iterations, respectively, compared to FDE.
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Jacob, Olaf, Friedrich H. Lien, Reinhold Exner, and Martin Schulte. "Ganzheitliches Referenzprozessmodell für das Corporate Performance Management (CPM)." Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management 5, no. 3 (2013): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s35764-013-0302-7.
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Nurislamova, N. "The comparison of performance management (BPM, CPM, EPM)." Informatization in the Digital Economy 3, no. 3 (2022): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18334/ide.3.3.115168.
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Remlein, Piotr. "Multiuser cpm transmission for mimo systems." Image Processing & Communications 18, no. 4 (2013): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10248-012-0093-0.
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Abstract Frequency-Division Multiplexed Continuous Phase Modulation (FDM-CPM) systems with Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) transmission are investigated. In this paper, a multiuser reception scheme for CPM MIMO transmission is presented. The analyzed system is designed to achieve high spectral efficiency by exploiting the multiplexing gain of MIMO techniques. To take advantage of the multiplexing gain of MIMO systems, a Zero Forcing (ZF) MIMO detector and a low-complexity iterative algorithm for Inter- Carrier Interference (ICI) cancellation are considered. Numerical simulations have been performed to assess the performance improvement achieved with the proposed frequency-division multiplexed CPM multiuser MIMO system
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Dechrit, Maneetham, and Sutyasadi Petrus. "Controlling a knee CPM machine using PID and iterative learning control algorithm." TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control 18, no. 2 (2020): 1047–53. https://doi.org/10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i2.14876.
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A conventional continuous passive motion (CPM) machine uses simple controller such as On/Off controller. Some better CPMs use PID controller. These kind of CPMs can not distinguish load different due to the different size of the patient leg. This may cause the CPM no longer follow the trajectory or the angle commands. Meanwhile, each patient may have different scenario of therapy from the others. When progress on the patient exists, the range of the flexion may be increased step by step. Therefore, the treatment can be different in term of the range of flexion from time to time. This paper proposes CPM with hybrid proportional integral derivative (PID) and iterative learning controller (ILC). The system has capability in learning the trajectory tracking. Therefore, the CPM will be able to follow any load or trajectory changes applied to it. The more accurate CPM machine can follow the trajectory command, the better its performance for the treatment. The experiment showed that the system was stable due to the PID controller. The tracking performance also improved with the ILC even there exist some disturbances.
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Noble, Steven, Gregory E. P. Pearcey, Caroline Quartly, and E. Paul Zehr. "Robot controlled, continuous passive movement of the ankle reduces spinal cord excitability in participants with spasticity: a pilot study." Experimental Brain Research 237, no. 12 (2019): 3207–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-019-05662-4.
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Abstract Spasticity of the ankle reduces quality of life by impeding walking and other activities of daily living. Robot-driven continuous passive movement (CPM) is a strategy for lower limb spasticity management but effects on spasticity, walking ability and spinal cord excitability (SCE) are unknown. The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate (1) acute changes in SCE induced by 30 min of CPM at the ankle joint, in individuals without neurological impairment and those with lower limb spasticity; and, (2) the effects of 6 weeks of CPM training on SCE, spasticity and walking ability in those with lower limb spasticity. SCE was assessed using soleus Hoffmann (H-) reflexes, collected prior to and immediately after CPM for acute assessments, whereas a multiple baseline repeated measures design assessed changes following 18 CPM sessions. Spasticity and walking ability were assessed using the Modified Ashworth Scale, the 10 m Walk test, and the Timed Up and Go test. Twenty-one neurologically intact and nine participants with spasticity (various neurological conditions) were recruited. In the neurologically intact group, CPM caused bi-directional modulation of H-reflexes creating ‘facilitation’ and ‘suppression’ groups. In contrast, amongst participants with spasticity, acute CPM facilitated H-reflexes. After CPM training, H-reflex excitability on both the more-affected and less-affected sides was reduced; on the more affected side H@Thres, H@50 and H@100 all significantly decreased following CPM training by 96.5 ± 7.7%, 90.9 ± 9.2%, and 62.9 ± 21.1%, respectively. After training there were modest improvements in walking and clinical measures of spasticity for some participants. We conclude that CPM of the ankle can significantly alter SCE. The use of CPM in those with spasticity can provide a temporary period of improved walking, but efficacy of treatment remains unknown.
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Gumilar, Gugum, and Koswara Koswara. "Analisis Critical Path Model yang Digunakan Dalam Manajemen Proyek dan Kontribusinya Terhadap Manajemen Mutu ISO 9001 Di Perusahaan Konstruksi Di INDONESIA." SAINSTECH: JURNAL PENELITIAN DAN PENGKAJIAN SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI 33, no. 2 (2023): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37277/stch.v33i2.1581.
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ABSTRACT
 
 Critical Path Model (CPM) has been widely used in construction project management as an effective and efficient tool for planning and managing project schedules. This study aims to analyze the contribution of CPM to quality management geothermal project at Lumut Balai, especially in the context of ISO 9001. By reviewing existing literature and case studies, this study explores how CPM can increase the effectiveness and efficiency of ISO 9001 quality management. From the analysis obtained 12 critical paths on the disciplines of Mist Eliminator, Piping, Mechanical, and Painting & Insulation. The results of this study show that the use of CPM can reduce the duration to 604 days compared to the initial schedule of 825 days. CPM can play a significant role in improving quality management in construction companies by providing clear and accurate project schedules, reducing delays, and improving overall project performance. In addition, integration of CPM with quality management tools can enhance overall quality management system and increase chance of project success. The conclusion of this study is CPM has great potential to assist construction companies in increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of ISO 9001 quality management. Construction companies in Indonesia should adopt CPM as a project management tool to ensure project success and meet ISO 9001 quality standards. This study provides insights positive about the future of CPM in construction project management and open opportunities for further research in this field.
 
 Keywords: CPM, critical path, quali
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Kusuma, I. Wayan Angga Wijaya, and Sugeng Santoso. "Analisa Performa Motor Hy-2750b, Motor Mg995, Motor Ds3225mg, dan Motor 24h2a4428 sebagai Penggerak Portable Continuous Passive Motion (CPM)." Elektrika 15, no. 1 (2023): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/elektrika.v15i1.6362.
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<p><em>Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) is a therapeutic tool to assist patients in moving their joints after the patient has experienced trauma or underwent joint surgery. The CPM machine is used to avoid joint stiffness in the patient. Joint stiffness can be caused because patients who have undergone joint surgery are reluctant to move their joints due to pain. The design of the CPM machine that will be carried out has motion in flexion and horizontal abduction. The choice of the type of DC motor as the driving force for the CPM machine will determine the ability (performance) of the CPM in carrying out the rehabilitation process for postoperative knee fractures. Movements in restoring and improving the range of motion of the elbow are flexion movements, extension movements, pronation movements and supination movements. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is one motor that meets the standards that can be used as a driving motor for Portable Continuous Passive Motion (CPM), namely the HY-2705B type motor. The HY-2705B motor meets minimum standards in terms of motor torque, motor rotation angle, working voltage, motor working temperature, and motor weight. For the other three motors Motor MG995, Motor 24H2A4428, and Motor DS3225MG there is one standard that is not met.</em> </p><p> </p><p class="IndexTerms"><strong>Keywords</strong>: Continuous Passive Motion, CPM, Fracture, HY-2705B, MG995, 24H2A4428, DS3225MG</p><p> </p><p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK </strong></p><p><em>Continuous Passive Motion</em><em> (CPM) </em>merupakan alat terapi untuk membantu pasien dalam menggerakkan sendi setelah pasien mengalami trauma atau menjalani operasi sendi. Mesin CPM digunakan untuk menghindari terjadinya kekakuan sendi pada pasien. Kekakuan sendi dapat disebabkan karena pasien yang telah menjalani operasi sendi enggan menggerakan sendinya akibat rasa nyeri. Perancangan mesin CPM yang akan dilakukan memiliki gerak secara fleksi dan horisontal abduksi. Pemilihan jenis motor DC sebagai penggerak mesin CPM sangat menentukan kemampuan (performa) CPM dalam melakukan proses rehabilitasi fraktur lutut pasca operasi. Gerakan-gerakan dalam mengembalikan dan memperbaiki lingkup gerak siku tangan adalah gerakan <em>flexion</em>, gerakan <em>extention</em> gerakan <em>pronation</em> dan gerakan supination. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat satu motor yang memenuhi standar yang dapat digunakan sebagai motor penggerak untuk <em>Portable Continuous Passive Motion</em> (CPM) yaitu motor jenis HY-2705B. Motor HY-2705B memenuhi standar minimal baik dari torsi motor, sudut putar motor, tegangan kerja, suhu kerja motor, maupun berat motor. Untuk tiga motor yang lain Motor MG995, Motor 24H2A4428, dan Motor DS3225MG ada salah satu standar yang tidak terpenuhi.</p>
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Motka, Rakesh, Rakesh Patel, and Sandip Panchal. "Optimized LSTM Model for Accurate Blood Glucose Prediction in Type-1 Diabetes." Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 18, no. 16 (2025): 1285–300. https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v18i16.368.
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Objective: Blood glucose levels in diabetes are influenced by various factors, making prediction challenging when considering many variables. Therefore, this study proposes an optimized LSTM model to improve the prediction accuracy of blood glucose using a single variable (CGM), thereby simplifying diabetes management. Methods: This study has implemented the LSTM model to predict blood glucose levels in type-1 diabetics for a 60-minute prediction horizon. The grid search technique has been implemented to fine-tune the hyperparameters of the LSTM model. Ohio Datasets were used for this study. Root mean squared error (RMSE) and error grid analysis (EGA) were used for the evaluation of model performance. Findings: The proposed study reveals 26.13 ± 3.25 mg/dl predicting accuracy for a 60-minute prediction horizon. Clark Error grid analysis (CEGA) was used to validate clinical acceptance of the proposed model, and the results provided higher than 97% prediction accuracy in the Ohio dataset. Novelty: The patient-specific optimized model has outperformed the conventional LSTM model. The results show a significant improvement in model performance compared to previous work in terms of root mean square error (RMSE). Keywords: Long-short term memory (LSTM), Grid search optimization technique, Continuous Glucose monitors (CGM), Blood Glucose, Type-1 Diabetes