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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Continuous reactors

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Academic literature on the topic 'Continuous reactors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Continuous reactors"

1

Lindeque, Rowan, and John Woodley. "Reactor Selection for Effective Continuous Biocatalytic Production of Pharmaceuticals." Catalysts 9, no. 3 (2019): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9030262.

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Enzyme catalyzed reactions are rapidly becoming an invaluable tool for the synthesis of many active pharmaceutical ingredients. These reactions are commonly performed in batch, but continuous biocatalysis is gaining interest in industry because it would allow seamless integration of chemical and enzymatic reaction steps. However, because this is an emerging field, little attention has been paid towards the suitability of different reactor types for continuous biocatalytic reactions. Two types of continuous flow reactor are possible: continuous stirred tank and continuous plug-flow. These reactor types differ in a number of ways, but in this contribution, we focus on residence time distribution and how enzyme kinetics are affected by the unique mass balance of each reactor. For the first time, we present a tool to facilitate reactor selection for continuous biocatalytic production of pharmaceuticals. From this analysis, it was found that plug-flow reactors should generally be the system of choice. However, there are particular cases where they may need to be coupled with a continuous stirred tank reactor or replaced entirely by a series of continuous stirred tank reactors, which can approximate plug-flow behavior. This systematic approach should accelerate the implementation of biocatalysis for continuous pharmaceutical production.

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Slavnic, Danijela, Branko Bugarski, and Nikola Nikacevic. "Oscillatory flow chemical reactors." Chemical Industry 68, no. 3 (2014): 363–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind130419062s.

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Global market competition, increase in energy and other production costs, demands for high quality products and reduction of waste are forcing pharmaceutical, fine chemicals and biochemical industries, to search for radical solutions. One of the most effective ways to improve the overall production (cost reduction and better control of reactions) is a transition from batch to continuous processes. However, the reactions of interests for the mentioned industry sectors are often slow, thus continuous tubular reactors would be impractically long for flow regimes which provide sufficient heat and mass transfer and narrow residence time distribution. The oscillatory flow reactors (OFR) are newer type of tube reactors which can offer solution by providing continuous operation with approximately plug flow pattern, low shear stress rates and enhanced mass and heat transfer. These benefits are the result of very good mixing in OFR achieved by vortex generation. OFR consists of cylindrical tube containing equally spaced orifice baffles. Fluid oscillations are superimposed on a net (laminar) flow. Eddies are generated when oscillating fluid collides with baffles and passes through orifices. Generation and propagation of vortices create uniform mixing in each reactor cavity (between baffles), providing an overall flow pattern which is close to plug flow. Oscillations can be created by direct action of a piston or a diaphragm on fluid (or alternatively on baffles). This article provides an overview of oscillatory flow reactor technology, its operating principles and basic design and scale - up characteristics. Further, the article reviews the key research findings in heat and mass transfer, shear stress, residence time distribution in OFR, presenting their advantages over the conventional reactors. Finally, relevant process intensification examples from pharmaceutical, polymer and biofuels industries are presented.

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Dong, Zhengya, Claire Delacour, Keiran Mc Carogher, Aniket Pradip Udepurkar, and Simon Kuhn. "Continuous Ultrasonic Reactors: Design, Mechanism and Application." Materials 13, no. 2 (2020): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13020344.

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Ultrasonic small scale flow reactors have found increasing popularity among researchers as they serve as a very useful platform for studying and controlling ultrasound mechanisms and effects. This has led to the use of these reactors for not only research purposes, but also various applications in biological, pharmaceutical and chemical processes mostly on laboratory and, in some cases, pilot scale. This review summarizes the state of the art of ultrasonic flow reactors and provides a guideline towards their design, characterization and application. Particular examples for ultrasound enhanced multiphase processes, spanning from immiscible fluid–fluid to fluid–solid systems, are provided. To conclude, challenges such as reactor efficiency and scalability are addressed.

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Breed, A. W., and G. S. Hansford. "Modeling continuous bioleach reactors." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 64, no. 6 (1999): 671–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19990920)64:6<671::aid-bit5>3.0.co;2-x.

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Shi, Li. "Integration of Optimization and Model Predictive Control of an Intensified Continuous Three-Phase Catalytic Reactor." International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering 13, no. 1 (2015): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijcre-2014-0101.

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Abstract Intensified continuous three-phase catalytic reactors working in high-pressure and -temperature conditions are particularly effective at coping with mass transfer limitations during three-phase catalytic reactions. They are highly nonlinear, multivariable systems and behave differently from conventional batch, fed-batch or continuous non-intensified reactors. This paper deals with an integration of real-time optimization and model predictive control (RTO–MPC) of an intensified continuous three-phase catalytic reactor. A steady-state model developed by regression method is used in optimization layer and gives the reference trajectory for control layer. At control layer, a linear MPC is proposed based on identified state space model. The performance of RTO–MPC is illustrated by simulation

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Kaballo, Hans-Peter, Yuangang Zhao, and Peter A. Wilderer. "Elimination of p-chlorophenol in biofilm reactors - a comparative study of continuous flow and sequenced batch operation." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 1 (1995): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0013.

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The chlorophenol elimination potential of two identically designed fixed bed biofilm reactors was compared. One of the reactors was operated continuously, and the other in sequenced batch mode. In the continuous flow biofilm reactor (CFBR) a stratification of biomass occurred, whereas biomass in the sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) developed uniformly due to the use of an advanced fill strategy. Recirculation was needed to overcome biosorption during filling and to achieve equal biomass distribution. Under shock loading, degradation in SBBR was better than in CFBR. However, even the CFBR showed a high flexibility, i.e. it performed better than expected. Sorption properties in both reactors seem to be responsible for the flexibility in terms of break through. Experimental studies and modelling of sorption properties are necessary to describe the response of biofilm reactors to unsteady state conditions.

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Watts, Paul, and Charlotte Wiles. "Micro reactors, flow reactors and continuous flow synthesis." Journal of Chemical Research 36, no. 4 (2012): 181–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/174751912x13311365798808.

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Dragone, Vincenza, Victor Sans, Mali H. Rosnes, Philip J. Kitson, and Leroy Cronin. "3D-printed devices for continuous-flow organic chemistry." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 9 (May 16, 2013): 951–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.9.109.

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We present a study in which the versatility of 3D-printing is combined with the processing advantages of flow chemistry for the synthesis of organic compounds. Robust and inexpensive 3D-printed reactionware devices are easily connected using standard fittings resulting in complex, custom-made flow systems, including multiple reactors in a series with in-line, real-time analysis using an ATR-IR flow cell. As a proof of concept, we utilized two types of organic reactions, imine syntheses and imine reductions, to show how different reactor configurations and substrates give different products.

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Neumaier, Jochen M., Amiera Madani, Thomas Klein, and Thomas Ziegler. "Low-budget 3D-printed equipment for continuous flow reactions." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 15 (February 26, 2019): 558–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.15.50.

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This article describes the development and manufacturing of lab equipment, which is needed for the use in flow chemistry. We developed a rack of four syringe pumps controlled by one Arduino computer, which can be manufactured with a commonly available 3D printer and readily available parts. Also, we printed various flow reactor cells, which are fully customizable for each individual reaction. With this equipment we performed some multistep glycosylation reactions, where multiple 3D-printed flow reactors were used in series.

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Irfan, Muhammad, Toma N. Glasnov, and C. Oliver Kappe. "Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation Reactions in Continuous-Flow Reactors." ChemSusChem 4, no. 3 (2011): 300–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201000354.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Continuous reactors"

1

Mead, Richard Norman. "Emulsion copolymerization in continuous reactors." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11030.

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Holmes, Nicholas. "Self-optimisation of automated continuous reactors." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17773/.

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The optimisation of problematic reaction steps in the synthesis of a drug compound is crucial for pharmaceutical process development. In recent traditions, this has carried out using design of experiments (DoE), which shows the key reaction variables and provides optimum reaction conditions. The process can require a lot of experiments and be time and resource consuming. The speed of optimisation experiments can be increased by using automated platforms complete with online analysis, which carry out reactions and acquire analytical samples without any human intervention. If these experiments can be carried out in continuous reactors then they will benefit from faster kinetics, enhanced heat and mass transfer, improved safety and higher productivity over their batch counterparts. An automated self-optimising flow reactor combines a continuous reactor with online analysis and feedback loop. The feedback loop contains full computerised control and monitoring of all equipment as well as a minimising algorithm, which will use the results from the online analysis to predict new optimum conditions. The technique has been shown to optimise the synthesis of small organic compounds but has, so far, yet to be widely used in pharmaceutical process development. This thesis has improved self-optimising technologies in order to make it a useful technique in pharmaceutical process development. First, the final bond forming step in the synthesis of an active pharmaceutical ingredient was optimised for yield. Studies were primarily carried out on a model compound in order to establish the correct reactor setup before transferring to the active compound, which found an optimum yield of 89%. The work also provided mechanistic evidence for generation of impurities. Next, response surface models were successfully fitted to the data obtained from a branch and fit algorithm optimisation of a Claisen-Schmidt condensation. In depth statistical calculations show how DoE models can be generated from self-optimisation data with good fit and predictability (R2 > 0.95, Q2 > 0.90), and with the aid of commercial DoE software. Further work developed the use of direct mass spectrometry (MS) as the online analytical method. The short method times and real-time analysis of MS allowed a steady state detection function to be built, followed by a linear calibration model of all the species in the amidation of a methyl ester. The reaction was optimised for yield using branch and fit algorithm, and DoE, with excellent agreement between the two techniques in both optimum conditions and responses. Finally, changes were made to the optimisation program to reduce the amount of material required for automated optimisations. Reaction pulses of sub-reactor volumes were pumped through the reactor, dispersed in a continuous phase of miscible solvent. Residence time distribution experiments were carried out to characterise the dispersion of the reactor and calculate the minimum reactor pulse volume. Optimisations were primarily carried out using pattern search algorithm and a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm, the latter of which generated a three target function optimum, reducing the amount of waste by 81%. Overall this work has shown how self-optimisation can be a valuable tool for pharmaceutical process development. The existing technique has been improved by demonstrating its use in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds, combining it with existing DoE techniques, adding new forms of online analysis, and reducing the amount of material required to deliver a multi-target optimum.

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Huang, Sung-Won. "Synthesis of continuous heterogeneous catalytic reactors." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2004. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506645.

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Georgios, Mourikas. "Modelling, estimation and optimisation of polymerisation processes." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391290.

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Samer, Charles J. "Dynamic modeling of continuous miniemulsion polymerization reactors." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10228.

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Mohd, Rasdi Fatimah Rubaizah Binti. "Continuous screening using mesoscale oscillatory baffled reactors." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2552.

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A mesoscale Oscillatory Baffled Reactor (“mesoscale-OBR”) is a laboratory-scale reactor (5mm inner diameter) with a total volume of approximately 5.5mL containing equally spaced baffles. Due to its small volume, it is suitable as a platform technology for process screening or investigating reaction kinetics. Traditionally, these are conducted in batch; however, continous screening can be performed in the mesoscale-OBR, with flexible adjustment of the input and reduced reagent usage. In this project, continuous dynamic and “steady state” screening was demonstrated in the mesoscale-OBR. These techniques can be used to rapidly and logically obtain process data and kinetics of any liquid-liquid reactions. Exothermic reactions of several aldehydes (benzaldehyde, o-tolualdehyde, m-tolualdehyde and p-tolualdehyde) with n-butylamine to form imines were chosen as the case studies to demonstrate the ability of the mesoscale-OBR. Online FTIR was used to monitor reactions. The mesoscale-OBR exhibited a high degree of consistency in experimental results: the uncertainty in the rate constant for benzaldehyde and n-butylamine imination was three times lower than in a conventional batch beaker method. MATLAB was used to model reaction kinetics and validated using experimental data. Both experiments and modelling demonstrated that the rate constant for 1-butanamine, N-(phenylmethylene)-synthesis was 2.1 x 10-1mol-0.9L0.9s-1 with total reaction order of 1.9 (1.7 for benzaldehyde and 0.22 for n-butylamine). The process development time when using “dynamic screening” (i.e continuous variation of one of the input parameters) was reduced by 50% compared to batch screening using beakers. A higher area to volume ratio of the mesoscale-OBR (than the beaker) allowed exothermic reactions to be screened safely and quickly e.g. temperature for solvent free imination was at ~40oC in a jacketed mesoscale-OBR, whereas ~90oC (above the boiling point of n-butylamine) for a jacketed beaker. To passively improve the temperature distribution along the length of the reactor, the centrally baffled mesoscale-OBR was constructed inside a thermosyphon: the temperature difference along the reactor length at residence times of 60s and 90s was reduced to 2oC, rendering the reaction safer and more amenable to determination of exothermic reaction kinetic parameters.

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Narain, Rajendra. "Very intense continuous high flux pulsed reactor." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17533.

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Lange, David M. "Emulsion copolymerization with functional monomers in continuous reactors." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11867.

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Adams, Jeffrey F. "Gypsum scale formation in continuous hydrometallurgical neutralization reactors." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0005/MQ45576.pdf.

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McIntyre, James John Miller. "Physiological studies of vancomycin production in continuous reactors." Thesis, University of Kent, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360971.

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Books on the topic "Continuous reactors"

1

Adams, Jeffrey F. Gypsum scale formation in continuous hydrometallurgical neutralization reactors. National Library of Canada, 1999.

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2

China) International Conference on Topical Issues in Nuclear Installation Safety: Continuous Improvement of Nuclear Safety in a Changing World (2004 Beijing. Topical issues in nuclear installation safety: Continuous improvement of nuclear safety in a changing world : proceedings of an International Conference on Topical Issues in Nuclear Installation Safety : Continuous Improvement of Nuclear Safety in a Changing World. International Atomic Energy Agency, 2006.

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3

Eager, R. L. Study of continuous screw reactor liquefaction. s.n.], 1985.

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Tyagi, Rajesh. Control of pH in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1993.

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5

Hu, Windy Chiung Wen. Anaerobic digestion of liquid wastewaters from food industry using continuously stirred tank reactors. University of Birmingham, 2001.

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Agency, OECD Nuclear Energy. Continuous Surveillance of Reactor Coolant Circuit Integrity: Proceedings of A Csni Specialist Meeting, Londres, 12-14 Aout 1985. s.n, 1986.

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7

Bhattacharya, B. A damage mechanics based approach to structural deterioration and reliability. Division of Engineering Technology, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1998.

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Bhattacharya, B. A damage mechanics based approach to structural deterioration and reliability. Division of Engineering Technology, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1998.

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9

Walecka, John Dirk. Theoretical nuclear and subnuclear physics. Oxford University Press, 1995.

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10

Noël, Timothy. Photochemical Processes in Continuous-Flow Reactors. WORLD SCIENTIFIC (EUROPE), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/q0065.

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Book chapters on the topic "Continuous reactors"

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Johnson, Martin D., Scott A. May, Michael E. Kopach, et al. "Continuous Reactors for Pharmaceutical Manufacturing." In Continuous Pharmaceutical Processing. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41524-2_2.

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Buono, Frederic G., and Bing-Shiou Yang. "Automated Reactions in Continuous Flow Reactors." In Ewing’s Analytical Instrumentation Handbook, Fourth Edition. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315118024-20.

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Watts, Paul. "Organometallic-Catalysed Gas–Liquid Reactions in Continuous Flow Reactors." In Organometallic Flow Chemistry. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3418_2015_159.

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Shirokov, Vladimir A., Peter N. Simonenko, Sergey V. Biryukov, and Alexander S. Spirin. "Continuous-Flow and Continuous-Exchange Cell-Free Translation Systems and Reactors." In Cell-Free Translation Systems. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59379-6_8.

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Johnson, Martin D., Scott A. May, Michael E. Kopach, et al. "DESIGN AND SELECTION OF CONTINUOUS REACTORS FOR PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING." In Chemical Engineering in the Pharmaceutical Industry. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119600800.ch16.

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Straathof, Natan J. W., and Timothy Noël. "Accelerating Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis in Continuous-Flow Reactors." In Visible Light Photocatalysis in Organic Chemistry. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527674145.ch13.

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A. Lapkin, Alexei, Konstantin Loponov, Giovanna Tomaiuolo, and Stefano Guido. "Solids in Continuous Flow Reactors for Specialty and Pharmaceutical Syntheses." In Sustainable Flow Chemistry. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527689118.ch11.

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Esteves, Bruno M., Carmen S. D. Rodrigues, and Luis M. Madeira. "Wastewater Treatment by Heterogeneous Fenton-Like Processes in Continuous Reactors." In The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/698_2017_81.

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Stitt, E. Hugh, and David W. Rooney. "Switching from Batch to Continuous Processing for Fine and Intermediate-Scale Chemicals Manufacture." In Novel Concepts in Catalysis and Chemical Reactors. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527630882.ch14.

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Dionisi, Davide. "Mass Balances and Design for Batch, Continuous and Fed-Batch Reactors." In Theory and Design of Fermentation Processes. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003217275-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Continuous reactors"

1

Foster, C. A., D. E. Schechter, R. Willms, David Dogruel, and Larry Baylor. "A Continuous Cryogenic Diffusion Pump For Fusion Reactors." In 21st IEEE/NPS Symposium on Fusion Engineering SOFE 05. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fusion.2005.252918.

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Chiu, Wilson K. S., and Yogesh Jaluria. "HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONTINUOUS CVD REACTORS." In International Heat Transfer Conference 11. Begellhouse, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihtc11.320.

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McHugh, Kevin M., John E. Garnier, and George W. Griffith. "Synthesis and Analysis of Alpha Silicon Carbide Components for Encapsulation of Fuel Rods and Pellets." In ASME 2011 Small Modular Reactors Symposium. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smr2011-6584.

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The chemical, mechanical and thermal properties of silicon carbide (SiC) along with its low neutron activation make it an attractive material for encapsulating fuel rods and fuel pellets. The alpha phase of SiC has particularly attractive thermal properties. Unfortunately, it requires very high temperature processing and continuous alpha SiC fiber is not available commercially. This paper describes a method for fabricating continuous, composite (SiC/C) fibers as well as monolithic SiC fibers by direct conversion of carbon fibers using SiO vapor at ∼ 1600°C. EDS analysis indicates the converted SiC product contains 1:1 stoichiometric amounts of C and Si. Hexagonal (α) SiC was found to be the dominant crystal structure by x-ray diffraction.

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Zheng, Sheng, Jingxin Wang, Fei Yang, Fred Wang, Leon M. Tolbert, and Daniel J. Costinett. "A DC controller for continuous variable series reactors (CVSRs)." In 2015 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecce.2015.7310472.

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Kim, Kee Jeong, and Kyu Yong Choi. "Estimation and Control of Continuous Stirred Tank Polymerization Reactors." In 1990 American Control Conference. IEEE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc.1990.4790798.

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Feketa, Petro, Alexander Schaum, Pascal Jerono, and Thomas Meurer. "Impulsive observer design for a class of continuous biological reactors." In 2019 IEEE 58th Conference on Decision and Control (CDC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc40024.2019.9029444.

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Fedorov, Sergey S., Mykhailo V. Gubynskyi, Igor V. Barsukov, Mykola V. Livitan, Oleksiy G. Gogotsi, and Upendra Singh Rohatgi. "Modeling the Operation Regimes in Ultra-High Temperature Continuous Reactors." In ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2014-22161.

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The main advantage of carbon material treatment in electro-thermal furnaces with fluidized bed [EFFB] at 2000–3000C is that they allow producing graphite of high chemical purity, which is especially important in manufacture of ion-lithium batteries. The team conducted extensive research into hydraulic and heat modes of such units and developed a methodology for their design based on the concept of increase in electric resistance with fluidization. The choice of the working space configuration and the operation mode of EFFB are largely determined by the specific electrical resistance [SER] of the fluidized bed. This parameter is a complex function of a number of factors: fluidization character, uniformity of the bed and the temperature, nature and size of the material fractions, current density and furnace atmosphere composition. It is vital to take into account relationships between SER, working temperature T and current density i, which eventually define electrothermal mode of the unit operation. Thus, if graphite size is d = 130μm within temperature range T = 0–2500C and current density i = 0,004–1.0 A/cm2, SER varies in reverse proportion to these parameters Statistic processing of the experimental data allowed to obtain regressive function SER = f (i, t), which we used as the basis of mathematic modeling, heat balance calculation and predicting transitory and operation modes of EFFB with 10kg/hour productivity: SER=0.01.84.711-2.,593*10-2.T-46.854*i+1.205*10-2.T*i,Ω-m′ Resulting volt-ampere characteristics (VACs) of the furnace have maximum values at constant temperature (T = const) which is explained by the non-linear character of the SER function. There exists a technological temperature limit of EFFB responsible for its stable operation. The furnace operation beyond the stability margin depends on the power source characteristics which may cause a sharp power drop or a shorting. The VAC characteristics are determined by the type of material, geometry of the furnace working space, electrode diameter, active zone height, the gap between the electrode and the lining, design of heat insulation and the cooling system. Taking these parameters into consideration, it is possible to conduct a preliminary analysis of the unit stable operation modes as early as during the design stage.

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Upadhyaya, B. R., C. Mehta, V. B. Lollar, J. W. Hines, and D. de Wet. "Approaches to Process Monitoring in Small Modular Reactors." In ASME 2014 Small Modular Reactors Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smr2014-3338.

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One of the advantages of small modular reactors (SMRs) is their possible deployment in remote locations and continued long-term operation with minimum downtime. In order to achieve this operational goal, the SMRs may require remote and continuous monitoring of process parameters. This feature is also important in monitoring critical parameters during severe accidents and for post-accident recovery. Small integral light water reactors have in-vessel space constraints and many of the traditional instrumentation are not practical in actual implementation. In order to resolve this issue, experiments were carried out on a flow test loop to characterize the relationship among process variables (flow rate, pressure, water level) and pump motor signatures. The paper presents the findings of this research with implications in relating electrical signatures to pump parameters.

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Di Ciccio, M. P., P. Pepe, and P. U. Foscolo. "ISS feedback redesign for disturbance attenuation in continuous stirred tank reactors." In 2009 Joint 48th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) and 28th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2009.5400033.

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Tantawy, Ashraf, Sherif Abdelwahed, and Qian Chen. "Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors: Modeling and Simulation for CPS Security Assessment." In 2019 11th International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks (CICN). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cicn.2019.8902372.

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Reports on the topic "Continuous reactors"

1

Ahlquist, J. T., and N. N. Watkins. Modeling Continuous-Flow Reactor Improvements over Batch Reactions for Enzyme Catalyzed Microsphere Surface Reactions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1568027.

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Ikura, M., and J. F. Kelly. Coal solubilization into bitumen in a continuous short contact time reactor. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/302624.

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Elliott, D. C., L. J. Jr Sealock, R. S. Butner, E. G. Baker, and G. G. Neuenschwander. Low-temperature conversion of high-moisture biomass: Continuous reactor system results. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5657956.

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Lee, D. D., and J. L. Collins. Continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor 20-L demonstration test: Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/752984.

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Peterson, R. A. The demonstration of continuous stirred tank reactor operations with high level waste. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/758796.

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Feinroth, Herbert. Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (NERI) Program Continuous Fiber Wound Ceramic Composite (CFCC) for Commercial Water Reactor Fuel-Technical Progress Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/762094.

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Barnes, M. J. Tetraphenylborate Catalyst Development for the Oak Ridge National Laboratory 20-L Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor Demonstration. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/775668.

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Dale, M. C., and F. Hart. A low energy continuous reactor separator for the production of ethanol from starch, molasses and cellulose. Fifth quarterly report, March 16--June 15, 1995. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/106722.

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Erdoğmuş, Nihat. HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE TURKEY OF THE FUTURE. İLKE İlim Kültür Eğitim Vakfı, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26414/gt009.

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Abstract:

This report handles important issues ranging from how to strategically manage the continuously increasing change in higher education to the possibility of a higher education structured on the basis of meeting contemporary demands, from organizing consultancy services suitable to the new career understanding to searches for sustainable sources of finance. This report consists of two primary sections: the need for change in higher education and the vision plan for higher education. The first section addresses preparing for the future in higher education and the need for change, and the second section presents a vision for higher education. The second section contains 12 thematic points regarding the vision for higher education. This section primarily addresses the themes of change and reorganization in higher education while paying attention to its importance, priority, and chain reactions. Afterward, a vision including themes such as access, educational settings, career, and employment skills in a higher education system that centers itself on students is provided. Following these are themes devoted to academicians. The final sub-sections address the themes of social and economic contributions, internationalization, and finance.

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Reed, Wayne, Michael Drenski, and Jose Romagnoli. Development and Implementation of an Automatic Continuous Online Monitoring and Control Platform for Polymerization Reactions to Sharply Boost Energy and Resource Efficiency in Polymer Manufacturing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1399518.

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