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Journal articles on the topic 'Continuous variation'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Arntzenius, Frank, and John Hawthorne. "Gunk and Continuous Variation." Monist 88, no. 4 (2005): 441–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/monist200588432.

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2

Lipcsey, Z., I. M. Esuabana, J. A. Ugboh, and I. O. Isaac. "Integral Representation of Functions of Bounded Variation." Journal of Mathematics 2019 (July 8, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1065946.

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Functions of bounded variations form important transition between absolute continuous and singular functions. With Bainov’s introduction of impulsive differential equations having solutions of bounded variation, this class of functions had eventually entered into the theory of differential equations. However, the determination of existence of solutions is still problematic because the solutions of differential equations is usually at least absolute continuous which is disrupted by the solutions of bounded variations. As it is known, if f:[a,bλ]→Rn is of bounded variation then f is the sum of an absolute continuous function fa and a singular function fs where the total variation of fs generates a singular measure τ and fs is absolute continuous with respect to τ. In this paper we prove that a function of bounded variation f has two representations: one is f which was described with an absolute continuous part with respect to the Lebesgue measure λ, while in the other an integral with respect to τ forms the absolute continuous part and t(τ) defines the singular measure. Both representations are obtained as parameter transformation images of an absolute continuous function on total variation domain [a,bν].
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3

Paolillo, John C. "Sinhala diglossia: Discrete or continuous variation?" Language in Society 26, no. 2 (June 1997): 269–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500020935.

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ABSTRACTSociolinguists disagree on how to characterize diglossia with respect to the structural relatedness of the H(igh) and L(ow) varieties: Ferguson 1959, 1991 holds that H and L should be distinct but related varieties of language, while others maintain that a continuum model is more appropriate. Both discrete models (Gair 1968, 1992) and continuum models (De Silva 1974, 1979) have been proposed for Sinhala, as spoken in Sri Lanka. In this article, I employ a computer-generated multidimensional graph of relations between varieties of Sinhala to show that the distribution of H and L grammatical features in a sample of naturally occurring texts supports the discrete H and L model more than the continuum model. A rigorous characterization of diglossia as a distinct type of language situation is proposed, based on the notion “functional diasystem.” (Diglossia, Sinhala, Sri Lanka, diasystem, hybridization, continuum, South Asia, standardization)
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4

MATHER, K. "THE GENETICAL THEORY OF CONTINUOUS VARIATION." Hereditas 35, S1 (July 9, 2010): 376–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1949.tb03348.x.

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5

Mackay, Dennis. "Continuous variation of agonist affinity constants." Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 9, no. 5 (May 1988): 156–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-6147(88)90026-0.

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6

LIANG, Y. S. "DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS WITH UNBOUNDED VARIATION." Fractals 25, no. 05 (September 4, 2017): 1750048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x17500487.

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The present paper mainly investigates the definition and classification of one-dimensional continuous functions on closed intervals. Continuous functions can be classified as differentiable functions and nondifferentiable functions. All differentiable functions are of bounded variation. Nondifferentiable functions are composed of bounded variation functions and unbounded variation functions. Fractal dimension of all bounded variation continuous functions is 1. One-dimensional unbounded variation continuous functions may have finite unbounded variation points or infinite unbounded variation points. Number of unbounded variation points of one-dimensional unbounded variation continuous functions maybe infinite and countable or uncountable. Certain examples of different one-dimensional continuous functions have been given in this paper. Thus, one-dimensional continuous functions are composed of differentiable functions, nondifferentiable continuous functions of bounded variation, continuous functions with finite unbounded variation points, continuous functions with infinite but countable unbounded variation points and continuous functions with uncountable unbounded variation points. In the end of the paper, we give an example of one-dimensional continuous function which is of unbounded variation everywhere.
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7

Lukic, Milivoje. "Square-summable variation and absolutely continuous spectrum." Journal of Spectral Theory 4, no. 4 (2014): 815–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4171/jst/87.

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8

Park, Jeong Hyeong. "Continuous variation of eigenvalues and Gärding's inequality." Differential Geometry and its Applications 10, no. 2 (March 1999): 187–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0926-2245(99)00009-1.

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9

Franklin, James. "Arguments Whose Strength Depends on Continuous Variation." Informal Logic 33, no. 1 (March 15, 2013): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/il.v33i1.3610.

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Both the traditional Aristotelian and modern symbolic approaches to logic have seen logic in terms of discrete symbol processing. Yet there are several kinds of argument whose validity depends on some topological notion of continuous variation, which is not well captured by discrete symbols. Examples include extrapolation and slippery slope arguments, sorites, fuzzy logic, and those involving closeness of possible worlds. It is argued that the natural first attempts to analyze these notions and explain their relation to reasoning fail, so that ignorance of their nature is profound.
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10

Ellis, Amy, Robert Ely, Brandon Singleton, and Halil Tasova. "Scaling-continuous variation: supporting students’ algebraic reasoning." Educational Studies in Mathematics 104, no. 1 (May 2020): 87–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10649-020-09951-6.

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11

LIANG, Y. S., and W. Y. SU. "FRACTAL DIMENSION OF CERTAIN CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS OF UNBOUNDED VARIATION." Fractals 25, no. 01 (February 2017): 1750009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x17500098.

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Continuous functions on closed intervals are composed of bounded variation functions and unbounded variation functions. Fractal dimension of continuous functions with bounded variation must be one-dimensional (1D). While fractal dimension of continuous functions with unbounded variation may be 1 or not. Certain continuous functions of unbounded variation whose fractal dimensions are 1 have been mainly investigated in the paper. A continuous function on a closed interval with finite unbounded variation points has been proved to be 1D. Furthermore, we deal with continuous functions which have infinite unbounded variation points and part of them have been proved to be 1D. Certain examples of 1D continuous functions which have uncountable unbounded variation points have been given in the present paper.
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12

WANG, JUN, and KUI YAO. "DIMENSION ANALYSIS OF CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS WITH UNBOUNDED VARIATION." Fractals 25, no. 01 (February 2017): 1730001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x1730001x.

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In this paper, we mainly discuss fractal dimensions of continuous functions with unbounded variation. First, we prove that Hausdorff dimension, Packing dimension and Modified Box-counting dimension of continuous functions containing one UV point are [Formula: see text]. The above conclusion still holds for continuous functions containing finite UV points. More generally, we show the result that Hausdorff dimension of continuous functions containing countable UV points is [Formula: see text] also. Finally, Box dimension of continuous functions containing countable UV points has been proved to be [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text] is self-similar.
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13

LIU, XING, JUN WANG, and HE LIN LI. "THE CLASSIFICATION OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS AND THEIR FRACTIONAL INTEGRAL." Fractals 26, no. 05 (October 2018): 1850063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x18500639.

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This paper mainly discusses the continuous functions whose fractal dimension is 1 on [Formula: see text]. First, we classify continuous functions into unbounded variation and bounded variation. Then we prove that the fractal dimension of both continuous functions of bounded variation and their fractional integral is 1. As for continuous functions of unbounded variation, we solve several special types. Finally, we give the example of one-dimensional continuous function of unbounded variation.
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14

Novikov, V. V. "Interpolation of Continuous in Ordered H-variation Functions." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Mathematics. Mechanics. Informatics 15, no. 4 (2015): 418–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1816-9791-2015-15-4-418-422.

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15

Uzawa, Hideyuki, and Tetsuo Mohri. "Continuous Displacement Cluster Variation Method in Fourier Space." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 43, no. 9 (2002): 2185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.43.2185.

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16

Prus-Wiśniowski, Franciszek. "Separability of the space of continuous functions that are continuous in Λ-variation." Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 344, no. 1 (August 2008): 274–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2008.02.014.

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17

Hyung-Soo Lee and Daijin Kim. "Tensor-Based AAM with Continuous Variation Estimation: Application to Variation-Robust Face Recognition." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 31, no. 6 (June 2009): 1102–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2008.286.

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18

WU, XIAO ER, and JUN HUAI DU. "BOX DIMENSION OF HADAMARD FRACTIONAL INTEGRAL OF CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS OF BOUNDED AND UNBOUNDED VARIATION." Fractals 25, no. 03 (May 18, 2017): 1750035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x17500359.

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The present paper investigates fractal dimension of Hadamard fractional integral of continuous functions of bounded and unbounded variation. It has been proved that Hadamard fractional integral of continuous functions of bounded variation still is continuous functions of bounded variation. Definition of an unbounded variation point has been given. We have proved that Box dimension and Hausdorff dimension of Hadamard fractional integral of continuous functions of bounded variation are [Formula: see text]. In the end, Box dimension and Hausdorff dimension of Hadamard fractional integral of certain continuous functions of unbounded variation have also been proved to be [Formula: see text].
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19

Cakalli, Huseyin. "A variation on arithmetic continuity." Boletim da Sociedade Paranaense de Matemática 35, no. 3 (October 25, 2017): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.5269/bspm.v35i3.29640.

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A sequence $(x_{k})$ of points in $\R$, the set of real numbers, is called \textit{arithmetically convergent} if for each $\varepsilon > 0$ there is an integer $n$ such that for every integer $m$ we have $|x_{m} - x_{<m,n>}|<\varepsilon$, where $k|n$ means that $k$ divides $n$ or $n$ is a multiple of $k$, and the symbol $< m, n >$ denotes the greatest common divisor of the integers $m$ and $n$. We prove that a subset of $\R$ is bounded if and only if it is arithmetically compact, where a subset $E$ of $\R$ is arithmetically compact if any sequence of point in $E$ has an arithmetically convergent subsequence. It turns out that the set of arithmetically continuous functions on an arithmetically compact subset of $\R$ coincides with the set of uniformly continuous functions where a function $f$ defined on a subset $E$ of $\R$ is arithmetically continuous if it preserves arithmetically convergent sequences, i.e., $(f(x_{n})$ is arithmetically convergent whenever $(x_{n})$ is an arithmetic convergent sequence of points in $E$.
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20

Zaami, Amin, Martin Schäkel, Ismet Baran, Ton C. Bor, Henning Janssen, and Remko Akkerman. "Temperature variation during continuous laser-assisted adjacent hoop winding of type-IV pressure vessels: An experimental analysis." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 13 (November 5, 2019): 1717–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319884101.

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Laser-assisted tape winding is an automated process to produce tubular or tube-like continuous fiber-reinforced polymer composites by winding a tape around a mandrel or liner. Placing additional layers on a previously heated substrate and variation in material and process parameters causes a variation in the bonding temperature of fiber-reinforced thermoplastic tapes which need to be understood and described well in order to have a reliable manufacturing process. In order to quantify the variation in this critical bonding temperature, a comprehensive temperature analysis of an adjacent hoop winding process of type-IV pressure vessels is performed. A total of five tanks are manufactured in which three glass/HDPE tapes are placed on an HDPE liner. The tape and substrate temperatures, roller force and tape feeding velocity are measured. The coefficient of variation for each round is characterized for the first time. According to the statistical analysis, the coefficient of variation in substrate temperature is found to be approximately 4.8–8.8% which is larger than the coefficient of variation of the tape temperature which is 2.1–7.8%. The coefficient of variations of the substrate temperatures in the third round decrease as compared with the coefficient of variations in the second round mainly due to the change in gap/overlap behavior of the deposited tapes. Fourier and thermographic analysis evince that the geometrical disturbances such as unroundness and eccentricity have a direct effect on the temperature variation. In addition to the temperature feedback control, a real-time object detection technique with deep learning algorithms can be used to mitigate the unwanted temperature variation and to have a more reliable thermal history.
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21

LIANG, YONG-SHUN. "PROGRESS ON ESTIMATION OF FRACTAL DIMENSIONS OF FRACTIONAL CALCULUS OF CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS." Fractals 27, no. 05 (August 2019): 1950084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x19500841.

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In this paper, fractal dimensions of fractional calculus of continuous functions defined on [Formula: see text] have been explored. Continuous functions with Box dimension one have been divided into five categories. They are continuous functions with bounded variation, continuous functions with at most finite unbounded variation points, one-dimensional continuous functions with infinite but countable unbounded variation points, one-dimensional continuous functions with uncountable but zero measure unbounded variation points and one-dimensional continuous functions with uncountable and non-zero measure unbounded variation points. Box dimension of Riemann–Liouville fractional integral of any one-dimensional continuous functions has been proved to be with Box dimension one. Continuous functions on [Formula: see text] are divided as local fractal functions and fractal functions. According to local structure and fractal dimensions, fractal functions are composed of regular fractal functions, irregular fractal functions and singular fractal functions. Based on previous work, upper Box dimension of any continuous functions has been proved to be no less than upper Box dimension of their Riemann–Liouville fractional integral. Fractal dimensions of Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative of certain continuous functions have been investigated elementary.
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22

Gao, Yundong. "Continuous variation supports accommodating Lilium habaense and L. xanthellum within L. stewartianum (Liliaceae)." Phytotaxa 226, no. 2 (September 11, 2015): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.226.2.10.

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Continuous variation among Lilium stewartianum I.B.Balfour & W.W.Smith (1922: 127) and its close allies, L. habaense (1986: 51) and L. xanthellum F.T.Wang et Tang (1980: 283) have been observed by the author. In particular, L. habaense is distinguished from L. stewartianum on the basis of stamen having slightly shorter filaments (Wang et al. 1986). Lilium xanthellum is distinguished from the other two species by means of papillose nectaries that form two ridges along the bases of the inner tepals (Fig. 1) (Liang 1980). I have observed in the field that the variations in anthers length and nectary morphology are extensive, largely continuous, and dependent upon the phase of flowering. Therefore, on the basis of continuous variation I propose to accommodate L. habaense and L. xanthellum within L. stewartianum.
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23

Recupero, Vincenzo. "Multidimensional play operators with arbitrary BV inputs." Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena 15 (2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mmnp/2019042.

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In this paper we provide an integral variational formulation for a vector play operator where the inputs are allowed to be arbitrary functions with (pointwise) bounded variation, not necessarily left or right continuous. We prove that this problem admits a unique solution, and we show that in the left continuous and right continuous cases it reduces to the well known existing formulations.
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24

YU, BIN, TAO ZHANG, LEI YAO, and WEI ZHAO. "COMPOSITION OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS AND THEIR RIEMANN–LIOUVILLE FRACTIONAL INTEGRAL." Fractals 27, no. 04 (June 2019): 1950065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x19500658.

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In this paper, we make research on composition of continuous functions with Box dimension one of bounded variation or unbounded variation on [Formula: see text]. It has been proved that one-dimensional continuous functions must be one of functions with bounded variation, or functions with finite unbounded variation points, or functions with infinite unbounded variation points on [Formula: see text]. Based on discussion of one-dimensional continuous functions, fractal dimension, such as Box dimension, of Riemann–Liouville (R-L) fractional integral of those functions have been calculated. We get an important conclusion that Box dimension of R-L fractional integral of any one-dimensional continuous functions of any positive orders still is one. R-L fractional derivative of certain one-dimensional continuous functions has been explored elementary.
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25

Mohri, Tetsuo. "Thermal Expansion Calculated by Continuous Displacement Cluster Variation Method." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 49, no. 11 (2008): 2515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.mb200802.

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26

Tazzyman, Samuel J., Tommaso Pizzari, Robert M. Seymour, and Andrew Pomiankowski. "The Evolution of Continuous Variation in Ejaculate Expenditure Strategy." American Naturalist 174, no. 3 (September 2009): E71—E82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/603612.

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27

Cembrowski, Mark S., and Vilas Menon. "Continuous Variation within Cell Types of the Nervous System." Trends in Neurosciences 41, no. 6 (June 2018): 337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2018.02.010.

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28

Probst, John R., Deahn M. Donner, and Michael A. Bozek. "Continuous, age-related plumage variation in male Kirtland's Warblers." Journal of Field Ornithology 78, no. 1 (March 2007): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2006.00091.x.

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29

Hong, Jie, Yue Yang, Yi Gao, LianQuan Zhong, QuanMing Xu, XinXin Yi, YiQian Liu, and XiuZhi Gao. "Variation of Soil Bacterial Communities during Lettuce Continuous Cropping." E3S Web of Conferences 131 (2019): 01091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913101091.

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The variation of bacterial community in lettuce continuous cropping was determined by high throughput sequencing. During the continuous planting of lettuce, the richness and diversity of bacterial communities in the soil increased, and the ACE index and Chao index increased by 40.21 % and 36.91 %, respectively. The proportion of Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes and Nitrospirae in the soil increased, while the abundance of Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes and Proteobacteria gradually declined. And the abundance in the soil accounting for 1 % of the dominant bacterial genera increased to 11, among them, Anaerolinea, Bacillus, Nitrosomonas, and Xanthomonas etc became the dominant bacterium genus in the soil after lettuce continuous cropping. After the lettuce had been planted 8 times, the yield decreased by 21.20 % compared to the first harvest. Lettuce continuous cropping had an effect on bacterial community and lettuce yield to some extent.
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Poltarak, Guillermo, and Sergio Ferro. "A continuous straightening formulation based on minimum curvature variation." International Journal of Materials and Product Technology 58, no. 1 (2019): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmpt.2019.096930.

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Poltarak, Guillermo, and Sergio Ferro. "A continuous straightening formulation based on minimum curvature variation." International Journal of Materials and Product Technology 58, no. 1 (2019): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmpt.2019.10017766.

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32

Wilby, A. S., and J. S. Parker. "Continuous variation in Y-chromosome structure of Rumex acetosa." Heredity 57, no. 2 (October 1986): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1986.115.

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33

Bai, Yu, Zhiming Xu, Xiangming Xi, and Shuning Wang. "Objective variation simplex algorithm for continuous piecewise linear programming." Tsinghua Science and Technology 22, no. 01 (February 2017): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tst.2017.7830897.

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34

Lee, Young-Woo, and Yong-Pyung Kim. "Continuous pulse duration variation in quenched cavity dye laser." Review of Scientific Instruments 74, no. 2 (February 2003): 945–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1532837.

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35

Wu, Weixin, Yujie Dong, and Adam Hoover. "Measuring Digital System Latency from Sensing to Actuation at Continuous 1-ms Resolution." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 22, no. 1 (February 2013): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres_a_00131.

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This paper describes a new method for measuring the end-to-end latency between sensing and actuation in a digital computing system. Compared to previous works, which generally measured the latency at 10–33-ms intervals or at discrete events separated by hundreds of ms, our new method measures the latency continuously at 1-ms resolution. This allows for the observation of variations in latency over sub 1-s periods, instead of relying upon averages of measurements. We have applied our method to two systems, the first using a camera for sensing and an LCD monitor for actuation, and the second using an orientation sensor for sensing and a motor for actuation. Our results show two interesting findings. First, a cyclical variation in latency can be seen based upon the relative rates of the sensor and actuator clocks and buffer times; for the components we tested, the variation was in the range of 15–50 Hz with a magnitude of 10–20 ms. Second, orientation sensor error can look like a variation in latency; for the sensor we tested, the variation was in the range of 0.5–1.0 Hz with a magnitude of 20–100 ms. Both of these findings have implications for robotics and virtual reality systems. In particular, it is possible that the variation in apparent latency caused by orientation sensor error may have some relation to simulator sickness.
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Kaczorowski, Kevin J., Karthik Shekhar, Dieudonné Nkulikiyimfura, Cornelia L. Dekker, Holden Maecker, Mark M. Davis, Arup K. Chakraborty, and Petter Brodin. "Continuous immunotypes describe human immune variation and predict diverse responses." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 30 (July 10, 2017): E6097—E6106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1705065114.

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The immune system consists of many specialized cell populations that communicate with each other to achieve systemic immune responses. Our analyses of various measured immune cell population frequencies in healthy humans and their responses to diverse stimuli show that human immune variation is continuous in nature, rather than characterized by discrete groups of similar individuals. We show that the same three key combinations of immune cell population frequencies can define an individual’s immunotype and predict a diverse set of functional responses to cytokine stimulation. We find that, even though interindividual variations in specific cell population frequencies can be large, unrelated individuals of younger age have more homogeneous immunotypes than older individuals. Across age groups, cytomegalovirus seropositive individuals displayed immunotypes characteristic of older individuals. The conceptual framework for defining immunotypes suggested by our results could guide the development of better therapies that appropriately modulate collective immunotypes, rather than individual immune components.
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37

Bingham, Nicholas H., and Adam J. Ostaszewski. "Sequential Regular Variation: Extensions of Kendall’s Theorem." Quarterly Journal of Mathematics 71, no. 4 (August 26, 2020): 1171–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qmathj/haaa019.

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Abstract Regular variation is a continuous-parameter theory; we work in a general setting, containing the existing Karamata, Bojanic–Karamata/de Haan and Beurling theories as special cases. We give sequential versions of the main theorems, that is, with sequential rather than continuous limits. This extends the main result, a theorem of Kendall’s (which builds on earlier work of Kingman and Croft), to the general setting.
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38

Gauld, David. "Variation of Fixed-Point and Coincidence Sets." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society. Series A. Pure Mathematics and Statistics 44, no. 2 (April 1988): 214–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446788700029797.

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AbstractTopologise the set of continuous self-mappings of a Hausdorff space by the graph topology. When the set of closed subsets of the space is given the upper semi-finite topology then the function which assigns to a map its fixed-point set is continuous. In many familiar cases this is the largest such topology. Related results also hold for the function which assigns to each pair of maps their coincidence set.
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39

Maiti, P. K., and B. Roy. "Evaluation of a light controller for a LED-based dynamic light source." Lighting Research & Technology 50, no. 4 (February 2, 2017): 571–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153517690798.

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In this paper, the performance of a dynamic light controller (DLC) is experimentally evaluated to achieve a dynamic light source consisting of alternative arrays of warm white and cool white light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The DLC is programmed to drive the light source through both step and continuous variations of correlated colour temperature (CCT) and light output. For step variation, the DLC generates pulse width modulation (PWM) signals to drive the LED arrays to achieve 16 desired set points out of four CCTs (2900–5600 K) and four illuminances (100–300 Lux). The measured set points show deviations within acceptable limits. For continuous variation, the DLC is programmed to make the dynamic light source follow a time-varying pattern of CCT and Illuminance. The variations of measured values are mostly within acceptable limits except at lower CCT and illuminance points. The measured duty cycles of the generated PWM signals from the DLC are almost equal to the corresponding calculated values for both the step and continuous variations indicating good performance. The measured deviations are caused by the differences in lumen output at duty cycles <10% compared to the estimated values.
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40

Potts, BM, and JB Reid. "Variation in the Eucalyptus gunnii-archeri Complex. I. Variation in the Adult Phenotype." Australian Journal of Botany 33, no. 3 (1985): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9850337.

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A study of variation in the E. gunnii-archeri complex indicates continuous variation between the taxa E. gunnii Hook.f. and E. archeri Maiden & Blakely. Populations assigned to either taxon are normally allopatric but intergrade in an area of parapatry in central Tasmania. The E. gunnii-archeri complex is shown to comprise a multidimensional, clinally varying series of highly differentiated populations. In part, population differentiation appears to result from the interaction of multicharacter clines which parallel several major habitat gradients. This variation is summarized by classification of populations into five main phenetic groups. Whilst considerable differentiation occurs between disjunct stands, a large portion of the variation in the complex occurs in the more or less continuous central stands. In this area, major independent clines are associated with increasing exposure to the alpine environment and the north-south transition between subspp. gunnii and archeri. A peak in variability in geographically intermediate populations is apparent along the latter, but not the former, cline. In addition, it is shown that parallel clines in flowering time have the potential to retard gene flow along these clines. It is suggested that parallel clines which incidentally influence gene flow may be of considerable significance in parapatric differentiation and the origin of reproductive isolation.
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Zhu, Jia Wei, Dan Ting Zhou, and Qiu Wei Yang. "Damage Localization for a Continuous Beam by the Displacement Variation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.366.

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Abstract:
Using the static displacement data, this paper presented a damage localization method for a continuous beam. This method is based on the estimation of changes in the static displacements of the structure. The most significant advantage of the method is that it does not require development of an analytical model of the structure being tested. All predictions are made directly from the measurments taken on the structure. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated using simulated data of a three-span continuous beam. The results showed that the region in which the displacement variation is maximum is the damaged region for the continuous beam. Regardless of damages being small or large, the proposed method can identify locations of structural damages accurately only using the displacement changes under the applied static load. The proposed procedure is economical for computation and simple to implement. The presented scheme may be useful for damage localization of the continuous beam.
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42

Castro, P. E., W. H. Lawton, and E. A. Sylvestre. "Principal Modes of Variation for Processes with Continuous Sample Curves." Technometrics 28, no. 4 (November 1986): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1268982.

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43

Denwood, M. J., J. L. Kleen, D. B. Jensen, and N. N. Jonsson. "Describing temporal variation in reticuloruminal pH using continuous monitoring data." Journal of Dairy Science 101, no. 1 (January 2018): 233–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-12828.

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44

Mukhopadhyay, S. K., and S. N. Mukhopadhyay. "Functions of bounded kth variation and absolutely kth continuous functions." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 46, no. 1 (August 1992): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972700011709.

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45

Shao, Jinghai. "Measure-valued continuous curves and processes in total variation norm." Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 392, no. 2 (August 2012): 179–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2012.03.016.

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46

Lepage, Thomas, Stephan Lawi, Paul Tupper, and David Bryant. "Continuous and tractable models for the variation of evolutionary rates." Mathematical Biosciences 199, no. 2 (February 2006): 216–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mbs.2005.11.002.

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Izem, Rima, and Joel G. Kingsolver. "Variation in Continuous Reaction Norms: Quantifying Directions of Biological Interest." American Naturalist 166, no. 2 (August 2005): 277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/431314.

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48

Moore, Dirk F., Choon Keun Park, and Woollcott Smith. "Exploring Extra-Binomial Variation in Teratology Data Using Continuous Mixtures." Biometrics 57, no. 2 (June 2001): 490–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0006-341x.2001.00490.x.

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Russo, Francesco, and Pierre Vallois. "Stochastic calculus with respect to continuous finite quadratic variation processes." Stochastics and Stochastic Reports 70, no. 1-2 (July 2000): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17442500008834244.

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Kikuchi, R., and K. Masuda-Jindo. "Calculation of alloy phase diagrams by continuous cluster variation method." Computational Materials Science 14, no. 1-4 (February 1999): 295–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-0256(98)00122-0.

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