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Segura, ugalde Esteban. "Computation of invariant pairs and matrix solvents." Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0045/document.
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Cette thèse porte sur certains aspects symboliques-numériques du problème des paires invariantes pour les polynômes de matrices. Les paires invariantes généralisent la définition de valeur propre / vecteur propre et correspondent à la notion de sous-espaces invariants pour le cas nonlinéaire. Elles trouvent leurs applications dans le calcul numérique de plusieurs valeurs propres d’un polynôme de matrices; elles présentent aussi un intérêt dans le contexte des systèmes différentiels. En utilisant une approche basée sur les intégrales de contour, nous déterminons des expressions du nombre de conditionnement et de l’erreur rétrograde pour le problème du calcul des paires invariantes. Ensuite, nous adaptons la méthode des moments de Sakurai-Sugiura au calcul des paires invariantes et nous étudions le comportement de la version scalaire et par blocs de la méthode en présence de valeurs propres multiples. Le résultats obtenus à l’aide des approches directes peuvent éventuellement être améliorés numériquement grâce à une méthode itérative: nous proposons ici une comparaison de deux variantes de la méthode de Newton appliquée aux paires invariantes. Le problème des solvants de matrices est très proche de celui des paires invariants. Le résultats présentés ci-dessus sont donc appliqués au cas des solvants pour obtenir des expressions du nombre de conditionnement et de l’erreur, et un algorithme de calcul basé sur la méthode des moments. De plus, nous étudions le lien entre le problème des solvants et la transformation des polynômes de matrices en forme triangulaireIn this thesis, we study some symbolic-numeric aspects of the invariant pair problem for matrix polynomials. Invariant pairs extend the notion of eigenvalue-eigenvector pairs, providing a counterpart of invariant subspaces for the nonlinear case. They have applications in the numeric computation of several eigenvalues of a matrix polynomial; they also present an interest in the context of differential systems. Here, a contour integral formulation is applied to compute condition numbers and backward errors for invariant pairs. We then adapt the Sakurai-Sugiura moment method to the computation of invariant pairs, including some classes of problems that have multiple eigenvalues, and we analyze the behavior of the scalar and block versions of the method in presence of different multiplicity patterns. Results obtained via direct approaches may need to be refined numerically using an iterative method: here we study and compare two variants of Newton’s method applied to the invariant pair problem. The matrix solvent problem is closely related to invariant pairs. Therefore, we specialize our results on invariant pairs to the case of matrix solvents, thus obtaining formulations for the condition number and backward errors, and a moment-based computational approach. Furthermore, we investigate the relation between the matrix solvent problem and the triangularization of matrix polynomials
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Puyhaubert, Vincent. "Modèles d'urnes et phénomènes de seuils en combinatoire analytique." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001348.
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Cette thèse traite de phénomènes de seuils et de modèles d'urnes, en adoptant le point de vue de la combinatoire analytique. On traite ici trois problèmes qui illustrent cette approche: la transition de phase du problème k-sat, les modèles d'urnes triangulaires de Polya-Eggenberger et le modèle de duel de Ok Corral. La transition de phase du problème k-sat se manifeste par le fait la densité d'une formule caractérise de manière presque sûre sa satisfaisabilité. Nos travaux visent à mettre en évidence une partie de ce phénomène et se relient à un modèle d'urne à jets. Le modèle d'urne de Polya-Eggenberger utilise une urne contenant des boules de diverses couleurs, soumises à des règles de pioches et de substitutions. En utilisant une technique de Flajolet-Gabarro-Pekari, nous déterminons la distribution limite de la composition des modèles dits triangulaires. Le modèle de duel de Ok Corral intervient dans une problématique plus générale de Lanchester de gestion des conflits, selon laquelle on cherche à prédire l'issue de duels entre plusieurs forces armées, en environnement aléatoire. Nous utilisons un lien pré-établi entre ce modèle et une urne de type Polya-Eggenberger pour donner de nouvelles expressions des probabilités du modèle et raffiner les résultats récents de Kingman.
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Silva, Anne Talita Noronha. "Contos de Melissa: uma relação intersemiótica entre os contos de fadas tradicionais e o conto publicitário." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2012. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/2153.
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Previous issue date: 2012-10-25Este trabajo, por hacer parte del ámbito de los estudios del lenguaje, dirige su interés al estudio del texto. Para eso, en primer lugar hace consideraciones sobre los conceptos de dialogismo e intertextualidad teniendo como referencias textos no verbales. Estos textos son piezas publicitarias de la campaña Cuentos de Melissa, de la empresa Grendene/Melissa, presentada en revistas femeninas cuando del lanzamiento de la colección primavera/verano en 2008. Las piezas publicitarias utilizadas resultaron de la adaptación de cuatro cuentos tradicionales que generalmente son presentados como textos verbales, es decir, por medio de palabras. El estudio tiene como primer objetivo observar, basado en los fundamentos teóricos del dialogismo de Mikhail Bakhtin y también en estudios realizados por José Luiz Fiorin sobre ese concepto, como la intertextualidad se revela en la construcción de los textos de esa campaña, pues, por lo general, ese proceso sucede en la relación entre textos del mismo sistema semiótico, pero, en el caso de la campaña, la incorporación de elementos del texto-fuente, es decir, los cuentos tradicionales, sucede entre sistemas semióticos diferentes, o sea, ocurre un traducción inter-semiótica.
Este trabalho, por fazer parte do âmbito dos estudos da linguagem, direciona seu interesse ao estudo do texto. Para tanto, primeiramente tece considerações sobre os conceitos de dialogismo e intertextualidade tendo como referência textos não verbais. Esses textos são peças publicitárias da campanha Contos de Melissa, da empresa Grendene/Melissa, veiculada em revistas femininas na ocasião do lançamento da coleção primavera/verão 2008. As peças publicitárias utilizadas resultaram da adaptação de quatro contos tradicionais que, geralmente, são apresentados como textos verbais, ou seja, por meio de palavras. O estudo tem por finalidade primeira observar, com base nos fundamentos teóricos do dialogismo de Mikhail Bakhtin e também em estudos realizados por José Luiz Fiorin sobre esse conceito, como a intertextualidade se revela na construção dos textos dessa campanha, pois, em geral, esse processo acontece na relação entre textos do mesmo sistema semiótico, porém, no caso da campanha, a incorporação de elementos do texto-fonte, no caso, os contos tradicionais, acontece entre sistemas semióticos diferentes, ou seja, ocorre uma tradução intersemiótica.
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Pimenta, Vanda Ambrósia. "Recorrelações de gênero em contos da antologia do conto goiano II." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3669.
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The purpose of this research is to examine the presence of gender relations in five goianos tales, especially the violence of male characters against female characters and the degree of acceptance or resistance to the phenomenon. The stories analyzed are part of the second volume of the Antologia do conto goiano, organized by Vera Maria Tietzmann Silva and Maria Zaira Turchi (1994). As a result of the literary object, we address the evolution of the gender system from the development of civilization until the twentieth century, showing the emergence and perpetuation of the structure of male domination, even after the maturity of feminist struggles. These struggles, however, are not systematically studied, appearingonly in scattered references. With regard to adhesion and to the resistance, we call attention to the fact that identities are socially and politically constructed, in order to establish dominant and dominated groups, and generated cognition of this division as natural and therefore inevitable. The internalization of constructed identities demand constant work of situated agents and, in the case of generic identities, this is played by the institutions and men, with their violent practices. The continuous effect of these practices is leading to adhesion of dominated to dominant, as in almost all of the stories analyzed. Nevertheless, the characters explored also offer a degree of resistance, adopting defensive attitudes, which, however, does not solve the problem. Neither can transpose radically negative condition, usually faced by females.
O objeto teórico deste estudo são as relações de gênero, que se delinearam nas sociedades a partir da organização das civilizações por meio dos contatos. À proporção que elas se organizavam, distinguiam-se os atributos e papéis de homens e mulheres. O propósito da pesquisa é verificar o modo pelo qual, no interior dessas relações, o homem veio a adquirir primazia sobre a mulher, e, em seguida, examinar a presença das relações de gênero em cinco contos goianos. O foco da análise literária é a violência dos personagens masculinos contra os femininos e o grau de adesão ou de resistência ao fenômeno. Os contos analisados fazem parte do segundo volume da Antologia do conto goiano, organizada por Vera Maria Tietzmann Silva e Maria Zaira Turchi (1994). Em decorrência do objeto literário, abordamos a evolução do sistema de gêneros desde o desenvolvimento das civilizações até o século XX, mostrando o surgimento e a perpetuação da estrutura de dominação masculina, mesmo após o amadurecimento das lutas feministas. Essas lutas, entretanto, não são estudadas sistematicamente, aparecendo apenas em referências esparsas. No concernente à adesão e à resistência, chamamos a atenção para o fato de que as identidades são construídas social e politicamente, de forma a estabelecer grupos de dominantes e dominados, e a gerar o reconhecimento dessa divisão como algo natural e, portanto, inevitável. A interiorização das identidades construídas demanda um trabalho constante de agentes situados, e, no caso das identidades genéricas, este é desempenhado pelas instituições e pelos homens, com suas práticas violentas. O efeito contínuo dessas práticas é que leva à adesão do dominado ao dominante, como acontece na quase totalidade dos contos analisados. Apesar disso, as personagens exploradas oferecem também certo grau de resistência, adotando atitudes defensivas, que, entretanto, não solucionam de vez o problema. Nenhuma delas consegue transpor radicalmente a condição negativa, enfrentada em comum pelo gênero feminino.
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Lins, Simões de Oliveira Rebeca. "Era uma vez um conto publicitário: análise multimodal de campanhas publicitárias que envolvem contos de fadas." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2011. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/7157.
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Previous issue date: 2011Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Este trabalho destina-se à análise de textos multimodais publicitários, especificamente da campanha Contos de Melissa da empresa de calçados femininos Melissa e a campanha Princesas O Boticário da empresa de cosméticos O Boticário, veiculados em revistas destinadas ao público feminino, com a finalidade de investigar a utilização da imagem da mulher e como a mesma repercute no meio social. A principal questão desta investigação é observar os meandros da representação feminina erotizada na publicidade, contudo desviamos do caminho de representação estereotipada de mulher objeto e procuramos primar pela exposição de uma mulher sexualizada, porém não subjugada. Objetivou-se a Análise das Características Multimodais e sua Composição Teórica e como tais recursos auxiliam a constituição do sentido social do texto. Salienta-se que usaremos uma proposta multimodal ancorada na perspectiva Retórica, pois julgamos que este recorte é o mais adequado devido ao fato de que não observa apenas as características estruturais do texto. Utilizamos à junção da teoria da Análise Critica do Discurso sob uma perspectiva da Nova Retórica e pormenorizamos o estudo dos textos baseado na Teoria da Multimodalidade, que analisa a ação recíproca existente entre imagem e texto ocasionando novas construções de sentido. Analisamos as publicidades numa perspectiva sincrônica e das relações entre língua, história, cultura e sociedade, compreendendo o discurso, como um modo de representação social e uma ação sobre o mundo e sobre o outro. Tendemos também a observar, através da linguagem imagética, como a publicidade influencia, constrói e/ou desconstrói e propõe a construção da imagem feminina na atualidade
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Wu, Chen-Hua, and 伍晨華. "A Wavelet-Based Dynamic Contours Extension Algorithm for Automatic Breast Lesion Contour Detection on Ultrasound Images." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68691926077434575192.
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碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
電腦與通訊工程研究所
100
Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among women no matter in America or Taiwan. Thus, early diagnosis and treatment is necessary and important to detect breast cancer in early stage. Breast ultrasound beats other modalities and is widely used for breast cancer diagnosis since it is non-invasive, no ionizing radiation, able to use in dense breasts, and so on. However, it suffers from the problems of ultrasound image including noises and tissue texture, clinical diagnosis must be highly depends on expertise experience. Physicians with different levels of experience often have different interpretations for the same sonograms. To minimize operator-dependent effects, many computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) algorithms have been proposed to provide an efficient and effective screening for physicians, especially for those lacking enough clinical experience or in overlooking status. This thesis proposed an automatic contour detection system for breast ultrasound. Manually drawing the breast tumor contour is a time-consuming and complicated task. This study proposed a automatic system of tumor contour measures using a wavelet-based dynamic boundary extension algorithm. Physicians just need to give the seed point can automatically draw the tumor contour and find tumor area. The proposed system can assist physician naked eye in judging the accuracy, to achieve increased efficiency and time-saving advantages. First, the user gives a seed to select the target to retrieve the ROI (Regions of Interest) marquee. The breast tumor contour detection is targeted on ROI, which can reduce the processing time and avoid the unwanted interference. Next, we use moment preserving to simplify the pixels on ROI image. In order to preserve the tumor information and eliminate background noise, we use histogram equalization to enhance the image of ROI and wavelet transform to estimate the initial boundary of breast tumor. By manual locating the initial seed point and using the dynamic boundary extension algorithm, we reconstruct the edge of breast tumor and calculate the total pixels inside the contour as the tumor area. A dataset of breast sonograms with the tumor contour delineated by an experienced physician is used as the standard for comparison. The total datasets of this thesis includes 138 breast sonograms, including 88 benign cases and 50 malignant cases, respectively. For feature efficacy evaluation, experimental results show that the successful identification of the breast tumor contour is up to 88%, while proposed system have the advantages of fast breast tumor contour detection and easy to find tumor area even for people lack of experience.
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Wu, Chung-Yao, and 吳仲堯. "Active Contour Model and Continuation Method Based Contour Model." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/dtdh67.
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碩士大同大學
資訊工程學系(所)
102
Feature extraction methods are used in many applications, including object tracking, object segmentation, face detection and medical image analysis. Most feature extraction algorithms are designed for 2D images, not applicable for 3D models. Active contour model[1] is one such example. Bischoff et al. (2005)[2] proposed 3D active contour model on triangle meshes. However, 3D active contour model has several drawbacks. In this study, we develop a new contouring algorithm based on continuation method. Our algorithm improves the shortcomings of original 3D active contour models, and facilitate real-time feature extraction on triangle meshes. Users load a 3D model, and produce different contours with different contour functions. Our algorithm can produce contours in real-time for animation effects, and allows users to edit 3D model with contours.
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Su, Ke-Han, and 蘇科翰. "Study on Contour Error Control in Parametric Free-Form Contour Following." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12448263382156670571.
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博士國立成功大學
電機工程學系碩博士班
96
Reducing contour error is an important issue in multi-axis contour following tasks. To reduce contour error, this dissertation presents three different motion control schemes. First, to improve contouring accuracy, a Tangential Contouring Controller (TCC) based motion control scheme was developed. The scheme consists of a position loop controller with velocity command feedforward, a TCC, a real time contour error estimator, and a fuzzy logic based feedrate regulator. The feedrate regulator is designed to reduce contour error based on dynamic machining error information, which adaptively adjusts the desired feedrate value. The second scheme focuses on improving the machining accuracy in free-form contour following tasks. This scheme consists of a velocity command feedforward, a modified Cross-Coupled Controller (CCC), and a fuzzy logic based feedrate regulator different from the one employed in the first scheme. The feedrate regulator, which can adaptively adjust the desired feedrate to a proper value, is designed based on the dynamic machining error and curvature information. In addition, the modified CCC extends the conventional CCC to arbitrary types of contour following tasks. Finally, the third scheme, using the CCC concept as a starting point, develops a Position Error Compensator (PEC) approach to reduce contour error. The main advantage of PEC is that it can simultaneously improve tracking and contouring performance by compensating for position errors in advance. To further meet contouring accuracy and efficiency requirements, the integrated motion control scheme equipped with a fuzzy logic based feedrate regulator and PEC is developed. To test the feasibility of the proposed approaches, several parametric free-form contour following experiments were conducted, in which the position commands were generated by a real-time NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline) interpolator. Experimental results demonstrate that all of the proposed approaches can significantly reduce contour error for biaxial contour following tasks. Additionally, the results demonstrate that the contouring efficiency and accuracy of the proposed approaches meet machining requirements.
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Chiu, Cheng-Li, and 邱正利. "Adaptive Snake Model with Automatic Force Adaptation and Contour Refinement Contour Refinement." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43409150149162534545.
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碩士國立嘉義大學
資訊工程學系研究所
94
Image segmentation is defined as partitioning an image into non-overlapping regions based on the intensity or texture. The active contour model (Snake model) is one of the preferred approaches for image segmentation because of their computational efficiency and simplicity. But, these methods have some problems is hard to overcome. The first problem is the concave boundary which traditional snake is impossible to capture the concave boundary of interested image region. The second problem is the background texture and noisy of image significantly influence the segmentation result. Furthermore, the model’s weight parameters are hard to design, find out the suitable parameters for each different image is a exhausted work. So most applications of snake model are domain-specific, while specifying fixed snake coefficients to an image in problem. In this paper, we propose content-triggered adaptive snake model (CASM) to lead all the parameters of snake model to be automatically adapted to various images in the noisy environment. First, the CASM applies a fast estimation method to find the possible ranges of gradient magnitudes of object boundary. As soon as the gradient magnitude of progressing snaxels falls in those ranges, CASM will adapt the weights within the snake forces of these snaxels according to encountered changes in gray levels and influences of various forces in the resided snake segments. And, it simultaneously renormalizes their external and internal forces. After primary convergence, CASM fires a compensation evolution to rectify the unqualified snaxels far from the object boundary. The unqualified snaxels, which are discovered by block-based texture analysis, can be pushed inward or pulled outward to the object border by so-called directional compensation evolution using an efficient alternative for force directions in revived evolutions. The simulation results demonstrate that CASM can improve the performance of snake very much, and outperform Gradient Vector Flow (GVF) in noisy images.
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Yang, Tzuen-Fu, and 楊尊富. "Multidimensional Contour Control Based on Equivalent Contour Error and Iterative Learning Control." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x3k8e7.
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-WEN, CHOU，MAIO, and 周妙文. "The contour of emotions." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/tpm5dj.
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碩士東海大學
美術學系
107
By sorting out my creative forms in the past, I analyze the rigorous way of creation. Under the covered inertia thinking and within the whitewashed oppressive creation, it is customary for me to present the works in a perfect form in the creation. The creative expression of beautiful female appearance implies a deliberate construction of beautiful exterior whitewash, but there is a repression of internal and external contradictions and conflicts. In order to re-create the art works of clay material, I narrate my original family life experience which has never been mentioned in my life and creations, and I express the growth of my mentality through the emotions towards my father's alcoholism, violence and depression hidden in my inner heart, transforming the accumulated and derived emotional shadow from the state of my personal past emotions into a concretely specific image concept of the emotional outline as a new form of creative expression. I hope that the long-disturbed emotional obstacles enclosed in the heart can be output in the repeated moulding process. By narrating the emotions, my self will be re-viewed in the clay sculptures, which also give me another possibility and freedom to present in the form of creation. Through re-drawing nourishment from these elements of life experience, I can establish a new stage of self from the true face and consciousness of condensed inner emotions in creation, re-recognize my self and my creation, my surrounding environment, my will, and explore my value of self-existence. Under these thinking contexts, I am more determined and more purely sculptural technique-oriented, and re-understand the physical characteristics and changing mood of the clay materials, combining the creative ideas with the inner emotions of self-consciousness, expressing the emotions directly. It is only a single shape, allowing my emotions sprayed in the creation of sculpture forms, so that the emotions released by them are transformed into concrete shapes, which can be seen more clearly in vision. Facing the shadows of the past bad moods, I find the direction on the road towards the continuation of life freely and indifferently. I release the negative energy stored for a long time so as to stimulate my self to stop being stuck in the bondage and restraint, and to be able to freely follow the stream of my ideas at the moment of creation for returning to the simplicity and purity of life emotions, just as the clay material, returning to the purity of matter itself and no more so much concealment and disguise, experiencing the clay from a new viewpoint, getting more imagination development and freedom while immersed in the creation. Key words: emotion, outline, shape, pottery
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Chiang, Kei-wei, and 姜愷威. "Improved Pitch-contour Generation Methods Combing ANN, Global Variance and Real-contour Selection." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73522706160793514552.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
資訊工程系
103
In this thesis, we propose an improved syllable pitch-contour generation method that combines ANN (artificial neural network), global variance and real-contour selection. This method not only alleviates the phenomenon of over-smoothed pitch-contour generated by ANN but also improves the naturalness level of the synthetic pitch contour. In the training stage, the automatically detected pitch contours are checked manually for some types of errors, and then corrected in terms of a program developed here. Next, each syllable pitch contour is transformed into DCT (discrete cosine transform) coefficients. Such DCT coefficients are then used to train ANN model and GV (global variance) parameters, and saved separately according to some context classification modes. In the generation stage, the ANN is used first to predict the DCT coefficients of each syllable pitch-contour according to the inputted contextual information items. Then, the generated DCT coefficients are adjusted by means of GV matching for each DCT vector dimension in order to alleviate the over-smoothing phenomenon mentioned above. Moreover, to promote the naturalness level of the synthetic pitch contours, we base on the DCT vector generated by ANN and adjusted by GV matching to select a real pitch contour from the saved contour pool corresponding to the requested context class. As for the objective assessment of our proposed method, we measure the VRs (variance ratio) under different option setting. It found that the higher VR value will be obtained if the larger weight for GV adjusting is used. In addition, the results of subjective listening tests demonstrate that an appropriate weight value for GV adjusting will improve the naturalness level of the generated pitch contour, and the processing step of real-contour selection will further improve the naturalness level.
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Kao, Ping-Wen, and 高秉文. "An Initial Edge Point Selection and Segmental Contour Tracing for Object Contour Extraction." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87q9d3.
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碩士國立嘉義大學
資訊工程學系研究所
97
Image segmentation is a technique which is used to segment region of interest in the image for further image processing. In general, the accuracy of segmentation result would affect result of further image processing or applications. Contour extraction is one of the most important image segmentation methods. When applying contour extraction to application of industrial inspection or machine vision with low-level processor, we not only consider accuracy but also consider automation and computational complexity. In this study, a contour extraction method is proposed, which consist of two parts. The first part is an automatic initial contour point selection mechanism for finding the initial contour points of contour segmental method for the second part of segmental contour tracing method, where contour pixels is obtain according to gradient value, direction and distance along two initial contour points. Finally, the result of the proposed method is compared with other methods.
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Wu, Chen-Ming, and 吳振銘. "Contour Line based Image Compression." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23358992818946149897.
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碩士國立宜蘭大學
資訊工程研究所碩士班
96
The internet network and multimedia are developed rapidly in recent year, there is a large amount of information to need every day to store up and uses digitizing way to transmission. Multimedia information and still image are digital information which we most often contacted. It is an important subject to compress the information of multimedia. In this paper, we proposed a new lossy image compression method： contour line image compression. This system utilizes the difference of luminance in spatial domain, label the boundary of luminance layer by contour line, then encoding the contour line by chain code method. At last, we entropy and compress the chain code to the binary stream. In decompress stage, first, our method entropy binary stream to the chain code, afterward we decoding the chain code and reconstruct the contour line. Finally, we use pixels interpolation to reduce the compressed image. The experimental results show that our proposed method has higher PSNR compares with JPEG in higher compression quality while compression quality is lower, although the PSNR is slightly lower than JPEG, but the edge information still retained the integrity.
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Wu-Chih, Hu, and 胡武誌. "Object contour segmentation and representation." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42225141488529374123.
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博士國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程技術研究所
86
The purpose of this research is to develop 2D object representation and invariants to facilitate data storage, transmission and object recognition. In 2D object representation, the feature extraction is mainly considered to develop in this research, in which the feature extraction is divided into two categories: the local feature and the global feature. The former includes the corner and primitives (such as line segments, circular arcs, elliptic arcs, parabolic arcs, hyperbolic arcs, B-splines and Bezier etc.) which obtain the local feature of curve description. The geometric figures, such as rectangle, circles, ellipses and superellipses etc., that can describe the broad outlines of objects are included in the latter, where the superellipse is a flexible representation which can represent a wide variety of shapes such as rectangles, circles and ellipses etc. In this research, a rotationally invariant two-phase scheme is proposed to detect corners precisely and efficiently. Beside, the corner detection is threshold-free. In the multiprimitive segmentation, the breakpoints obtained using the above scheme are classified as suitable types based on the two-level breakpoint classification which includes an adaptive k-curvature function and a projective height function proposed in this research. Then, a joint tuning procedure is proposed to achieve more accurate segmentation. With the classified breakpoints, curve segmentation is more accurate and reliable. In the extraction of global features, a closed-form solution of the superellipse is derived in this research based on the geometry. The center and the orientation are determined by approximating the superellipse using Fourier description to the first harmonic followed by the consistent symmetric axis method. Then, these parameter are used to find the lengths of the major and the minor axes. Finally, the squareness is solved from the diagonal segment in the superellipse. The proposed scheme is threshold-free and no high curvature bias problem is involved. Besides, incomplete superellipses and pinched superellipses both are extracted satisfactorily. In the development of invariants, the mean amplitude invariants are developedbased on the wavelet descriptors which have the properties of global and localdescription. Besides, thee invariant is not influenced by the transformation of rotation, translation and scaling. The proposed invariants involve the global and local information hence is more reliable for object recognition. The proposed schemes in this research are all efficient and accurate hence the expensive computation in image process can be improved effectively. Besides, the results using the proposed schemes are all threshold-free, thus the human interference can be reduced greatly to elevate the performance of the automatic. Finally, the experimental results reveal the accuracy, the reliability and the practicability of the theorems and the algorithms proposed herein.
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Su, Fang-Mei, and 蘇芳媚. "Contour sets in product graphs." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5zsbm2.
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碩士國立中山大學
應用數學系研究所
97
For a vertex x of G, the eccentricity e (x) is the distance between x and a vertex farthest from x. Then x is a contour vertex if there is no neighbor of x with its eccentricity greater than e (x). The x-y path of length d (x,y) is called a x-y geodesic. The geodetic interval I [x,y] of a graph G is the set of vertices of all x-y geodesics in G. For S ⊆ V , the geodetic closure I [S] of S is the union of all geodetic intervals I [x,y] over all pairs x,y ∈S. A vertex set S is a geodetic set for G if I [S] = V (G). In this thesis, we study the contour sets of product graphs and discuss these sets are geodetic sets for some conditions.
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HUANG, GUAN-WEI, and 黃冠維. "Implement dynamically active contour algorithm." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rzwt2n.
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碩士國立勤益科技大學
資訊工程系
107
The local active contour frame has been widely used for image segmentation, which can effectively find the target contour in the heterogeneous image. However, the amount of calculation increases as the contour point increases. Through experiments, the penalty of the local active contour is very low, so we ignore it. When searching for contours, the local active contour needs to calculate the point on each contour and all the pixels in the circle mask of that point, so the setting of the radius of the circle mask will affect the speed and result of our convergence. The larger radius need to the longer the calculation time, but it have better convergence result, so we propose a method of adaptive radius, using the gradient of the contour points to determine the size of our radius. Finally, this paper proposes an Implement dynamically active contour algorithm based on the modified local active contour, using Kd-Tree to find mature contour points, and ignoring these mature contour points in the next calculation to reduce the amount of computation required and add the edge stop function to make the contour of each iteration smoother. Our proposed algorithm compared to the local active contour algorithm is shortened by 17 to 77%.
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Kuo, Chuan-Sheng, and 郭傳聖. "Collage Image Contour by Character." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79186155478332694604.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
資訊管理系
105
Word art is a kind of stylization art that represents the content of image through characters. More common types can be divided into ASCII Art, NPR Packing and Collage. But the aforementioned techniques do not represent the outline of the image contour by the shape structure of the characters themselves. Therefore, this paper proposes a system that can automatically recognize the shape of characters to collage image contours. A user can input an original image or simple contour images, and by some method in image pre-processing to obtain the main contour lines of the image. Then through the proposed image matching model to identify the outline of the character that can represent the image contour. Next we use selection and combination mechanisms to find the candidate character that can represent contour. In order to enhance the image matching speed, we use the GPU multi-thread parallel processing frameworks, and compare with those using single-core and multi-core ones. Finally, we show the results that are automatically generated by our system, as well as the limitations of the system and future prospects.
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Chen, LiChiang, and 陳立強. "Contour Lines Based Image Compression." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94889416193962316173.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立宜蘭大學
資訊工程研究所碩士班
99
With the progress of science and technology, there is much larger amount of information to be accessed and for transmission in the fast development of internet and multimedia nowadays. Image file is one of the most popular information types nowadays. So it is important to compress the data stream to much smaller size for quick transmission and processing. The popular standard for static image compression is JPEG. Recently, JPEG2000 is proposed to promote the disadvantages of JPEG. For dynamic images (videos), MPEG is the most popular file type using H.264 standard. A novel image compression method using the contour line of different gray levels is proposed in this paper. The method we proposed uses the difference of luminance in spatial domain to form a luminance contour line map, and then we encode the contour line by chain code. After the process of chain code, we compress the chain code data to binary stream by entropy coding. In opposite, the decoding steps are to return the entropy code to chain code, decode the chain code to contour line map and then fill with the gray levels by interpolation method. Finally, the bit rate and PSNR result of the compressed image using contour line method would be compared with the well-known JPEG and JPEG 2000.
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Jiang, Yu-Ru, and 江玉如. "Diagnosis of Breast Tumors with Contour AnalysisDiagnosis of Breast Tumors with Contour Analysis on Sonogram." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36153410711243603626.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東海大學
資訊工程與科學系
94
Information about shape, provided by a breast tumor contour is important to physicians in making diagnostic decisions. However, different physicians may obtain distinct diagnostic results due to the medical ultrasound (US) images comprise significant noises, peckles and tissue textures. To avoid needless biopsy and enhance the diagnostic accuracy, a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system can provide a second beneficial support reference. This thesis aimed to evaluate the potential role of the CAD with automatic contouring and morphologic analysis in the differential of breast tumors for US images. Firstly, this thesis presented the deformation-based level set segmentation for automatically detecting contours of breast tumors in sonography. The proposed contouring method evaluated US images from 118 patients with breast tumors. The contouring results from computer simulation reveal that the proposed method always identified similar contours as were obtained by manual sketching. Such a method provides robust and fast automatic contouring for breast US images. The potential role of this technique might save much of the time required to sketch a precise contour with very high stability. In this thesis, the suspicious tumor contour in the digitized US image was automatically extracted by the proposed contouring algorithm. Then 20 practical morphologic features from the extracted contour were calculated and a support vector machine (SVM) classifier identified the breast tumor as benign or malignant. This system differentiates benign from malignant breast tumors with relative high accuracy and is therefore clinically useful to reduce patients needed for dispensable breast biopsy.
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Hsu, Ting-Wei, and 許庭瑋. "Contour Identification for Label Cutting Machine Based on Sobel Edge Detector and Contour Tracing Scheme." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jbpc6a.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立宜蘭大學
電子工程學系碩士班
106
In recent years, product customization is in great demand, such as custom labels. Because label customizing processes have the high computation complexity and long computation time, they are high cost to generate the label contour. This results in the cost reduction to be an important part for label customization. Unfortunately up to now, most of the contour images are generated by manual work, because the application program of identifying label contour is not yet available. Thus, the high-speed automatic label contour generation is required to significantly reduce the processing time of custom labels. In this Thesis, we develop an automatic contour generation technique for custom labels. Because the label image has lower noise and simpler structure compared with other generic images, we can use lower complexity algorithm to develop an efficient contour tracking method for the label image. Based on this reason, we adopt Sobel edge detector with lower computing time and well efficiency to reduce the amount of the data and to capture the feature for label images. After edge detection, the proposed method employs mathematical morphology to dilate the mistaken and miss edge. Moreover, this dilation process also agglomerates the dispersion object in multiple contour objects. After the aforementioned preprocessing, the proposed method traces boundary contour in a binary image to generate a closed-loop contour for the label image. Finally, compared with standard contour images depicted by technician and contour image generated by active contour model, the proposed method has better performance. In qualitative analysis, the new contour image generated by the proposed method is quite similar to standard contour ones. In quantitative analysis, the new contour image generated by the proposed method achieves at least 90% structural similarity index and has less computation time compared to standard contour images.
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FAN, SHU-DUAN, and 范恕端. "Automatic Cardiac Contour Tracking in Ultrasound Imaging Using Active Contour Model and Scale Invariant Feature Transform." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fc878r.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中正大學
資訊管理學系暨研究所
102
In this study, we combined an active contour model and a scale invariant feature transform for use in cardiac ultrasound imaging tracking. The conventional active contour model is inappropriate for use in cardiac imaging tracking because the mitral and tricuspid rise and fall, leading to poor tracking during conventional methods and excessive convergence in the overall contour during systoles. To amend this deficiency, we proposed adding the scale invariant feature transform to track the heart valve position accurately, thereby preventing excessive convergence below the two heart valves in the dynamic contour. Applying this method resulted in accurate segmentation and tracking results. Experiment shows the segmentation results of our method. And using receiver operating characteristic curve to analysis relative data. Then compared with two other methods, our proposed method is accurate and effective for cardiac imaging tracking.
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HUANG, MING-LIANG, and 黃明亮. "Automatic contour tracing:survey and new algorithms." Thesis, 1986. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85404582168344337834.
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Lin, Ching, and 林靜. "Development Platform of Active Contour Models." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wv4d4c.
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碩士國立清華大學
生醫工程與環境科學系
105
In image processing, image segmentation is used in application likes object detection, face recognition, machine vision, medical image. Active contour model, an important base tool for image segmentation, is an energy-minimizing spline. After reaching force balance, active contour model extracts object outline. However, active contour model has several drawbacks. It fails to detect concave boundaries and is not attracted to distant edges. For application to all kinds of images, we need to improve active contour model. Several methods has also been proposed for active contour model, but they only partially resolved the problems. In this study, we define an another energy term called pressure energy and add this energy term to the system of energy minimization. The force derived from that energy term lets active contour model find the desired solution. The interaction between pressure and internal force makes active contour model move stably. Compared with other methods indicates pressure model improve the performance of active contour model. Experiments show that our method can extract object boundaries efficiently and stably.
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Hsi, Cheng-Ping, and 席正平. "Feature-Based Disconnected Object Contour Linker." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48726749913809232740.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
資訊管理學系所
99
Object contour detection plays an important role in image processing. Many edge and object contour detectors have been proposed, such as, Canny edge detector, ACM, and level set methods. However, those detection methods cannot always obtain the edge and object contour completely. In the ACM and level set methods, the initial contour of object has to be specified by a user in advance, and the segmentation results highly depend on the given initial contour. In addition, the ACM and level set methods are significantly sensitive to noise. Although it does not need to give any initial contour of object for Canny edge detector, it may bring about “broken edge problem.” To solve the broken edge problem, a feature-based disconnected object contour segments (FBDOC) linker is provided in this thesis. For extracting objects from an image, in this thesis Canny edge detector is first used to detect the object contour, and then the FBDOC linker is employed to link the disconnected edge segments based on the features of the gray-level difference at vicinity of, the gradient and gradient direction on, and the length of the line segment connecting two disconnected edge segments. The experimental results show that the FBDOC linker can give more impressive object segmentation results than the level set method and ACM method do.
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Ben-RueiYu and 游本瑞. "Object Contour Estimation using Stereo Vision." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90503929946389924626.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
航空太空工程學系
102
In this thesis, we will explain how we can use stereo vision to estimate the distance between the object and camera. By using back projection method to 3-D space, we recover existing two images to analyze the contour of the object. Stereo matching is the most important step of stereo vision as it will determine the accuracy of our experimental result- estimated distance between the camera and the object. Besides, we will also be using unsharp mask filter to sharpen images and altering window sizes to find the best way to improve the accuracy and speed of stereo matching in our experiment. In the first part of thesis, we will explore how SURF algorithm is used to extract feature points and how use methods to estimate the fundamental matrix and the corresponding relationship between two images. Next, we use epipolar geometry to rectify two images and prove that the epipolar lines of rectified images are parallel and have the same height. Last but not at least, we use FNCC to match two images. This experimental results demonstrate that the smaller the window is the more errors stereo matching occur and vice versa, the bigger the window is the more actual result you get- sharpen images will be clearer than the original images.
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Chang, Jung-Tsung, and 張榮宗. "Contour Detection for Spiculation in Mammograms." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09710929337788386296.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
資訊科學系所
95
Breast cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death for Taiwanese women. X-ray mammography is currently the most effective method for an early diagnosis of the breast cancer. The existence of spicules is one of most important visual signs for breast cancer diagnosis. Spiculation is a stellate distortion caused by the intrusion of breast cancer into surrounding tissue. In general, malignant tumors appear with rough and complex boundaries or contours, whereas benign masses present smooth, round, or oval contours. In this paper, we present a technique to detect the contours of spiculated lesions from the regions of interest (ROI) in a mammographic image. The method consists of tree steps: enhancement, contour segmentation, and feature selection. In this study, our method is able to enhance the signals from masses and extract the useful contour feature from the segmented regions. The ruler method of fractal dimension computed for each case was used to form a contour feature. These feature measures can be input to a classifier based on sorting. The experimental results show that our scheme can provide useful contour extraction for spiculation structures in mammographic images.
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Chen, Chun-Hao, and 陳俊豪. "A Contour-Based 3D Reconstruction System." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70122845309108323617.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
電機工程學系碩博士班
91
To reconstruct the 3D model from a series of 2D images are now in widespread use in every field. There are also many methods to display the 3D model. The reconstruction targets of this thesis are the contour-based 2D images and it will let the user concretely realize how the contours really exist in our life. The contours can be the organs of human being, for example：the kidney, the liver、、、etc. It can also be the vessels inside the rat brain under the microscope. It was helpful to the user to discover more significant research by reconstructing the invisible objects. In this thesis, we design and implement a 3D reconstruction system. A contour-based image contains a lots of the point sets in the Cartesian coordinate system. This point sets are the contours. The system will reconstruct its original appearance by using the OpenGL method. An user can select a contour, and then, according to the functions of the system, its 3D model will be reconstructed by finding the overlap contours on the next or the previous slices. If the overlap contour didn’t exist, the closest contour will be chosen. Besides, the system was able to cut the contours after playing the slices forwardly or backwardly. And finally, the system will reconstruct the 3D model in the batch mode. The system of the above requirements, the user can easily reconstruct a 3D model from a series of 2D images with the friendly user interface, and can interact with the system in order to reconstruct the 3D model correctly. For example：an user can translate or rotate the middle slice when the system was operated in the overlap mode, and the 3D model will be updated timely.
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Hsi, Chung Shin, and 許振信. "High Precision Model Reference Contour Control." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39477050566538878008.
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Xu, Zhen-Xin, and 許振信. "High Precision Model Reference Contour Control." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23792804185110412130.
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Lin, Feng-Chih, and 林豐池. "3D Liver Contour Reconstruction from Dual Ultrasound Slices Using Active Contour Model Segmentation and Image-Guided Tracking." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92904932712509158838.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
電機工程學研究所
100
An image-guided system for a liver tracking is presented in this thesis. Traditional medical image-guided systems include computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound image (US). While considering frame rate and invasiveness, the ultrasound image-guided system is proposed for tracking the liver motion. The main objective is to use ultrasound image for continuously tracking liver motion and for tumor treatment. Traditional template matching cannot describe the non-rigid body motion, and consume a large amount of computational time. To improve the accuracy and computation speed, two tracking methods are tested, including optical flow and neural network. Two different scenarios are experimentally tested. In the first scenario, the “subject” breathes normally. In the second scenario, the “subject” varies between taking deep and slow breathes, holding his breath, or panting rapidly. For the first scenario, all three methods could track the target motion successfully, while, for the second scenario, all methods might lose the target occasionally. The primary methods of existing 3D contour reconstruction scan a static organ with moving probe. However, this idea is not suitable for dynamic organ. A low-cost and flexible ultrasound imaging system which combines contour registration with image segmentation for 3D reconstructions from limited numbers of 2D contours is presented. The proposed approach is based on a fixed ultrasound probe system that collect each partial 2D imaging through the liver motion due to respiration. For reliable reconstruction performance, a new method for image segmentation and contour registration is developed. A new hybrid approach that provides reliable segmentation performance with texture distance image and active contour model is presented. Second, using the segmented contour, a new dual contours registration method is introduced. The approach uses additional probe to track the position of acquisition of images during scanning. Then, the contour registration is performed using contour for iterative closest point (ICP) matching. This registration system allows for accurate 3D reconstructions from sparse 2D image slices.
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Chang, Ming-tsun, and 張銘村. "Active Contour Model using Particle Swarm Optimization." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71113046599285506104.
Full textAbstract:
碩士義守大學
資訊工程學系碩士班
93
Active contour model (ACM) is the technology that a kind of image segmentation, used for detection of object in the image mainly, and have obvious treatment results to high noised and low contrast image. Its method is based on initial control points and image characteristic, ex. gradient, it is internal energy and external energy to define, which find optimal solution by way of concept of Euler-Lagrange equation, approach through conservation of object contour. But the traditional ACM has two great disadvantage, first, the problem of set up initial control point, second conserve the hollow of the object, these two disadvantages often make the result not good finally, and need to spend more time on operation. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a kind of evolution computing method, calculation is very simple and fast in operation, for looking for the best solving of some function or searching to a range, the result is very good. So this thesis proposes using the PSO to strengthen the result of minimization of ACM energy function, and improve the influence of detection of object for gradient value, help the ACM to solve the above two disadvantages, have optimized the result of conserving.
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Guo, Shin-Jier, and 郭鑫杰. "Designing Passive LC Filters with Contour Maps." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42558721983426067415.
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碩士國立中山大學
電機工程學系
85
This thesis proposes a design method using characteristic contour maps for passive LC filters in a diode bridge rectifier circuit. A computer program is developed to create the contour maps of the power factor, harmonic distortion, and the DC voltage. By the observation of the contour maps, the operating characteristics of four commonly used passive LC filters are discussed. Then, a design example is given for illustrate the use of the contour maps. With the help of the contour maps, selection of a most suitable circuit and dimensioning of its circuit components can easily be made according to practical consideration as well as the desired performance of the rectifier circuit.
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Kuan, Chung-chun, and 管重竣. "Contour-guided Image Binarization by Frequency Filtering." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09104459110387795117.
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碩士國立屏東商業技術學院
資訊工程系(所)
101
This paper aims to improve the contour detection ability of image binarization. The processing procedure for the original image is divided into two steps. The first step first calculates the foreground region of the given image. Two different merging measrements are developed to merge the initial regions of the given image, and then the foreground probability of each region can be estimated. To blur the background of the given image, a region with lower foreground probability will be added more noise to enhance the effect of binarization. The second step is to filter the frequency information of the noised image. The ultrametric contour map of the given image is used as the contour guide. When an frequency information of the given image is filtered out, the effect of the filtered image will be measured by using the contour guide. If the filtered image retains more information in the contour guide, then the corresponding frequency is deleted from the original image. By repeating the process, the final filtered image can then be obtained. According to the experimental results, the effects of various binarization methods for the filtered noised image by are much better than those for the original image.
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Tsai, Yen-Cheng, and 蔡顏丞. "Microarray Image Analysis by Active Contour Models." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71187017814893530634.
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碩士國立海洋大學
資訊科學學系
90
Abstract A framework for segmenting multiple objects in an image based on deformable contours is proposed for Microarray Image Analysis. In this framework , image pre-processing techniques are designed prior to Snake algorithms to detect the boundary of each responsing image adaptively . The image preprocessing models for initial parameters of Active Contour Models are introduced to enhance the signals and removed the noises from a degraded image. We generate these necessary weighting parameters for energy minimization. These approaching methodology for snake optimization based on adaptive programming are discussed in this thsis which include thresholding , modifying values , and contour tracing of an object. Comprehensive experiments are performed and comparisons are made between individual energy based methods . results show highly encouraging and are able to provide many potential applications in a variety of tracking scenarios.
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Chen, Yen-hung, and 陳彥宏. "Inter-Mode Contour-based Shape Coding Methods." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91221189873628301637.
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碩士國立交通大學
資訊工程系
88
In this thesis, we address the problem of the inter-mode contour-based shape coding. We analyze the procedures of inter-mode contour-based shape coding, which are finding reference, evaluating difference, and coding difference, and indicate issues and possible solution for each procedure. Representation of contour includes connected pixel sequence, one dimension signal sequence, and polygon-approximation. According to different contour representation, we analyze issues and solution for each contour representation. Furthermore we study and improve related methods of inter-mode contour-based shape coding, and propose modified fragment-divided and modified DPCM baseline-based methods that take less computation complexity and higher coding gain.
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LIN, LI-DE, and 林立德. "Efficient Error Description Methods for Contour Machining." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71335667242776059896.
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Chen, Hsuan-ying, and 陳軒盈. "Active Contour Model using Cellular Neural Networks." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10137008080745015281.
Full textAbstract:
碩士義守大學
資訊工程學系碩士班
93
Active contour model (ACM) is an important contour segmentation method for image processing especially for low contrast and high noised image such as medical and remote sensing images. Traditional methods adopt the combination of internal and external energies, which is combination of optimized so as to determine the contour. Such methods require sequential computations composed of a vest amount of convolution-wise operations with if-then optimization branchings. Therefore, it is time consuming. This project proposes a cellular neural network method to implement ACM, which provides parallel computation in the CNN universal machine (CNN-UM) architecture. The proposed CNN method can follow the local rules of the optimization in searching the contour. Moreover, it takes into account the global properties of images to introduce noise-proof mechanism, which is intrinsic done by propagation. As a consequence faster computation can be achieved and robust segmentation can be obtained against to low contrasts and high noises.
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Chung, Fung-Ming, and 張芳銘. "Contour detection and representation of color images." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84690426371367739198.
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Liu, Tang-Hui, and 劉堂輝. "Interactive and Semi-automatic Parametric Contour Extraction." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88427096122468251588.
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碩士國立中央大學
資訊工程研究所
92
Image edition is a professional work; only people who have the related knowledge of images can do it well and the edited results are dependent on the levels of their related knowledge. Anyone can edit images with image edit software; however, the edited results heavily depend on his/her related knowledge. Anyone who has no photography knowledge can take well pictures using an automatic camera; so we think that there is an image edit software making people who have no image knowledge to edit images well. In our study, we try to provide an image editor such that people who have no image knowledge can edit images well by using the editor. The work of this thesis is just the first step of this studying. This work has two major topics: one is the basic image editing operators and the other is the contour extraction. In the basic editing operations, several different-concept tuning operators on brightness, contrast, and saturation are proposed and compared. Contour extraction is our main task. Two contour extraction algorithms are developed: one is the interactive contour extraction and the other is the semi-automatic parametric contour extraction. Catmull-Rom splines are used for interactive parametric contour extraction. The control points for the splines can be added and moved to approach the real contour shape. Semi-automatic parametric contour extraction is based on the active contour models. An adaptive active contour model improved from the fast greedy algorithm is proposed. Experiments show that the proposed method can extract object boundary contour more accurate and efficient.
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吳志文. "A Study on Contour-Based Object Recognition." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67769816296596870079.
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碩士華梵大學
資訊管理學系碩士班
92
In the thesis, the research topic about contour-based object recognition is studied. Polygonal approximation algorithm was used to find out vertices of contour of an object. And then, the attributed string with polygon vertices as primitives were set up and used for dynamic programming. We slightly modified the dynamic programming algorithm proposed by Kaygin and Bulut [12] in order to match open shapes. On the other hand, the selection problem of starting points may occur for matching attributed strings. We overcome this problem by doubling the size of the attributed string. In the experimental results, three matching cases for shape matching, such as closed-to-closed, open-to-closed, open-to-open, were considered and discussed. Besides, some experiments were designed to test the retrieval performance due to rotation, scaling and translation. Experimental results show that our method performs well.
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YEN, SUNG-WEI, and 嚴崧維. "Contour Estimation Based on Two-Fidelity Surrogates." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85711459585899126134.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
數學研究所
98
We used two experimental results with different fidelity to build surrogates which is employed to estimate the contours of a complex function. Our goal is to improve efficiency by using the same or less computational budgets. We propose a criterion to decide which level of the code to perform at added points for sequentially refining the estimated contour. Some discrepancy measures are used to assess the quality of estimated contours. The proposed method is used to estimate the average delay time in a queuing network system.
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Su, Reuy-Feng, and 蘇瑞峰. "Color Image Compression Using Contour and Texture." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41795449611970993696.
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碩士國立交通大學
資訊科學學系
84
Contour-based compression methods have been studied for several years.However, most of the reported approaches are designed for gray-level images, and the distortion in the reconstructed images is serious. Inthis thesis, we propose a contour-based compression method for color images and wish to reduce the distortion in the reconstructed images.First, we segment the image by region growing and Weber's ratio in color space. After that, the contours and textures of the segmented regions are coded. To encode the texture of a region, a polynomial function (or the average color of a region) is used to represent thetexture, if the region is large (small). In addition, the chain codingis used to encode the region contour. Experimental results show thatmost of the complex texture can be reconstructed suitably and the distortion is acceptable. The compression ratios are usually between40:1 and 80:1.
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Yang, Ting-Ya, and 楊婷雅. "A Contour Evaluation System in Medical System." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84448422070293059744.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
電腦與通信工程研究所
93
The recognition of a medical image is a complex task. We need to integrate the knowledge of image preprocessing, computer vision and anatomy to complete the task. In this thesis, we hope to evaluate the result of image recognition, and correct it. It will help the user to understand more about the organ in a variety of the applications in medicine or education. In the part of image recognition, we develop some knowledge sources on a specific segmentation system, Mirac Viewer. We use the contour that used to describe the outline of an object to represent the results of the recognition. Therefore, we develop a “Contour Evaluation System” for evaluation of these recognition results. This evaluation system uses not only the contours and original image, but the edges produced from Active Contour Model system to do a series of evaluations. We will provide information adequately to the Active Contour Model system, and then modify all these contours. We use another system named 3DBuilder to reconstruct the 3D organ with the recognized or modified contours. Besides, we also use the Cross-Section Server to represent the final contours.
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WEN, YONG-FENG, and 溫永豐. "Planar shape recognition base on contour features." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65653725290112953012.
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Hung-RueyChen and 陳泓睿. "Study on Parametric Curve Contour Error Estimation." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66194743454431414063.
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碩士國立成功大學
電機工程學系
102
In modern Computer Numerical Control machine tools, the contour following task of a multi-axis servo system is one of the most important applications, and is widely used in many types of machining. Therefore, the reduction of error occurring during the contouring process is a key technology deserves more study and development. The main indices used to assess contouring accuracy are tracking error and contour error. The definition of tracking error is the distance from the current command position to the current cutting point. The definition of contour error is the shortest distance between the current cutting point and the entire command trajectory. Consequently, the contour error is an important indicator for judging whether the cutting trajectory deviates from the desired command path. However, it is difficult to calculate the accurate contour error for a variable shaped free-form curve thus increasing the difficulty with which of contour error control. To deal with such problems, this thesis proposes several real-time contour error estimation methods for parametric curves. These estimation methods are mainly based on the parametric curve interpolator. It approaches the actual point of which contour error occurs on the command path through the relationship between the tracking error vector and contour error so as to more accurately derive the approximated contour error. In this thesis, several NURBS parametric curve contour following experiments are performed to verify the feasibility of the proposed method and compare their performance with that of other existing real-time contour error estimation methods. The result of the biaxial contouring experiment reveals that the proposed methods can efficiently enhance estimating accuracy for different free-form curves with varying curvature, thereafter reducing the contour error during contour following tasks.
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吳聲輝. "Object Contour Scanning Using Force Feedback System." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80705556570827081968.
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碩士國立海洋大學
機械與輪機工程學系
92
Non-contact scanning process generally employs optical or acoustic method to reconstruct the profile of objects. However, the optical system can’t be used to identify objects efficiently under certain circumstances. For examples, dark environment, underwater, objects with reflecting surface, or transparent object. The objective the thesis to study the object contour scanning using force feedback algorithm. A planar two-link manipulator is adopted to move and position the force measuring devices, including a force sensor and a probe which is fixed to the end-effector of the manipulator. In addition, we design a rotating probe driven by a motor. The object contour scanning is achieved by the rolling contact between the probe and the object. On-line fuzzy control algorithm is adopted in the motion control of the manipulator. Furthermore, we design a network monitor system to monitor the states of the manipulator and the process of the contour scanning on-line. The trajectory of the object contour scanning can be displayed in the user interface windows. The result of this research shows that the error percentage is 0.61% comparing between the scanned contour and the true contour of object.
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劉英和. "Shape Matching by Triangulating a Shape Contour." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75048935559597014064.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
資訊管理研究所
91
In this thesis, we developed a feature vector which can uniquely represent a polygon. This feature vector can be applied to shape matching problems, including exact matching, RST matching, SIM matching and partial matching. The proposed feature vector consists of five feature values. First of all, we decompose a polygon with n vertices to n triangles according to its contour. Second, we draw a minimum bounding circle (MBC) for each triangle and extract the feature values. Third, we retrieve three feature values: the center, radius, three central angles for each MBC. Fourth, another two feature values are the sequence number for each triangle and D which is retrieved by comparing two adjacent triangles. To speed up the query process, we design two index structures, IAD and IRr. IAD is a four-dimensional R*-tree indexed by three central angles and feature value D. IAD is suitable for SIM queries. IRr is more complex in data structure. First, we use the number of vertices of polygons to build a hash table. Every entry of the hash table, which may include many polygons with the same number of vertices, points to a B*-tree. B*-tree is indexed by the Rr value, which is the ratio of maximum radius to minimum radius of MBCs of a polygon. IRr is suitable for EM queries and RST queries. Our proposed method can realize every change of shapes even it is very slight. Two shapes with similar contour can be recognized even they are different in number of vertices or they are partially matched. Finally, the experimental results show that our proposed method outperforms the method proposed by Shahabi et al. for all of the cases.
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Chang, Shao-Yu, and 張劭宇. "Numerical Study of Contour Integral Based Eigensolver." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79778777278079720730.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
應用數學系所
102
We studied several papers which relative to the eigensolver base on the theory of contour integration and tried to find the most effective scheme by adapting the parameters and deciding to restart or not. Our experimental targets are two different type of matrices. One of them is a finite difference model for the shallow wave equations. The other one is a matrix with cluster spectrum.
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Chang, C. K., and 張嘉鍇. "Contour Recognition on Low-resolution Hexagonal Images." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00277939775797570818.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
機械工程學系
87
Nowadays the image system on PC can easily display the resolution of 800×600, 1024×768 and even more 1280×1024. Therefore, most researches of image put emphasis on High-resolution, such as identification of faces and fingerprints. However, there is still room for development of Low-Resolution; low storage capacity is one of the advantages of Low-Resolution system. From the researches of hexagonal grid, we know that from the view of microcosmic, the angle resolution and connection of hexagonal grid will be better than the rectangular grid. The hexagonal grid image will also have the better quality. In contrast, when the resolution of space is high, there is small difference between two systems in display and processing. Therefore, we suggest the usage of hexagonal grid on Low-Resolution image. At the same time, we develop the Curve Bend Function suitable for the usage of hexagonal grid images, and use the Curve Bend Function to find out the contour features of objects. We also discuss the usage of Curve Bend Function on Low-Resolution image. It will promote the development of Curve Bend Function on Low-Resolution Hexagonal image. At last, We have a contrast between the Low-Resolution images of rectangular grid and hexagonal grid.