Dissertations / Theses: 'Contraceptive knowledge'

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Onyensoh, O. O. C. "Knowledge, attitudes and practices of contraception among high school students in Tswaing sub-district, North-West Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/697.

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Thesis (M Med (Family Medicine)) -- University of Limpopo, 2011.
Aim and objectives Challenged by the high incidence of teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections observed among high school students who were attending antenatal care at the clinics in Tswaing Sub-district. The researcher conducted this study to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices of contraception among high school learners and establish whether the demographic characteristics of the students influenced their knowledge, attitudes and practices towards contraception. Design This study was a cross-sectional descriptive quantitative study. It was conducted among 231 learners who were aged 16 years and above, male and female, between grades 10 and 12. Systematic sampling was employed to select 33 students from 7 high schools selected by random probability sampling technique in Tswaing Sub-district who completed confidential, anonymous self-administrated questionnaires. The questionnaires were in English, Afrikaans and Setswana, so as to ensure clarity and accurate understanding of the content and hence the questionnaire was self-administered in the language of preference for each learner. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS for windows version 17. A chi-square test was performed to determine the association between predictor's variables and knowledge. A p-value ofless than 0.05 at 95% CI was taken for statistical significance. Results More males 70 % and 60 % of the females indicated that they had a boyfriend or girlfriend. More males (50.3%) than females (49.7%) indicated that they had engaged in sexual intercourse. The average age of first sexual intercourse was 14.9 years for the males and 15.4 years for the females. The modal age for first intercourse for male was below 13 years and 15.4 years for the females. The most common contraceptive used among the males was a condom (89.8%) and among females, it was the combined injectable contraceptives (49.4%). Males (63.6%) and females (68.8%) thought it easy to access contraception. There was a high rate of unprotected sexual activity among the learners, with 34.1 % of the males and 42.1 % of the females' indicated that they had had sex without contraception. Most of the learners obtained contraceptive information from their parents 98 [33%] male, 70 [53.8%] female). The preferred source of information for the male learners was a doctor 59 [59%], and the preferred source of con1raceptive information for the female learners was their parents 57 [43%]. 54 (57.4%) of the males and 75.4% of the 84 female learners indicated that their parents had discussed contraception with them. 64.2% of the males and 68.5% of the females claimed that they were satisfied with the information they received about contraception from their parents. All the learners had the knowledge that condoms can prevent sexually 1ransmitted infections and that a condom cannot be used more than once, with a p< 0.05 and their response according to gender and age, all schools had more than 60% participants. Forty-three percent of the learners in all schools who lived with both parents had the knowledge that condoms can prevent sexually transmitted infections and condom cannot be used more than once, p< 0.05. Among the female learners, only 79 [60.8%] knew that conception could take place if they missed taking their con1raceptive pill once. 51 [39.2%] said that conception could not take place if they had missed taking the pill once. More than 90% learners wanted information on contraception from their primary health care providers. Conclusion This study showed that senior learners had a good knowledge about basic contraception. The high level of sexual activity, early sexual initiation and low contraceptive use put these adolescents at risk of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. They indicated that they needed more information on sexuality and contraception from their primary health care providers especially from their doctors. Adolescents should be encouraged to ask about contraception and sexual health at the clinics, and all health workers; nurses and doctors, who consult must see every encounter as an opportunity for health education and counseling in reproductive health

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Essel, Kwabena. "Knowledge of contraception and barriers to contraceptive use in women undergoing repeat termination of pregnancy." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3044.

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Bieger, Susanne Regine 1966. "Contraceptive knowledge and sexual behavior in female adolescents." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278357.

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Ethnographic interviews with pregnant Mexican-American and Native-American adolescents and young adults from low-income households explored their knowledge about conception and contraception as well as their contraceptive and sexual behavior. The findings suggest that their unwanted pregnancies are not due to a lack of knowledge but rather are due to their heteronomous sexual behavior which results in infrequent contraceptive usage and thereby a risk of unwanted pregnancy.

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Watts, Amy Clare. "Knowledge, attitudes, and practices : contraceptive use among college students." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1318940.

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This study systematically examines contraceptive knowledge, attitudes, and practices among United States Midwestern college students. The goal is to provide data on the distribution and correlates of common or "folk" knowledge that can be used to promote positive attitudes, and safer practice of contraceptive use. Many factors may influence the distribution of contraceptive knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. These include innate characteristics, culture, and gender stereotypes. Hence, this study concentrates on sex/gender differences in contraceptive knowledge, attitudes, and practices. It was found that higher knowledge levels positively correlate with positive attitudes concerning contraceptive use. The ultimate goal is to ascertain what the differences are to provide a foundation to develop better education strategies for young adults.
Department of Anthropology

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Toirov, Farrukh Guest Philip. "Effects of contraception knowledge and childbearing motivation on the contraceptive method choice of married women in Tajikistan /." Abstract, 2004. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2547/cd368/4638496.pdf.

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Giyose, Nwabisa. "Reproductive and contraceptive knowledge among women with hypertensive and cardiac disease." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13114.

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Includes bibliographical references.
Introduction: This study aimed to assess reproductive knowledge and use of contraception in women of reproductive age with cardiac disease or chronic hypertension attending outpatient clinics. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study. Women aged between 18 and 45 years attending cardiac or hypertension clinics at Groote Schuur Hospital, Khayelitsha and Mitchells Plain Day Hospitals were recruited. The study tool was an administered questionnaire which included social, demographic and medical information, knowledge about their condition and the contraceptive history. Results: Two hundred women were interviewed, 100 with cardiac disease and 100 with chronic hypertension. Among the 84 cardiac and 90 hypertensive women who had previously been pregnant, there were 193 and 262 pregnancies respectively. Of these participants, 72% cardiac and 70% hypertensive women reported at least one unplanned pregnancy. Unemployed hypertensive women were more likely to have unplanned pregnancies (81%), than their employed counterparts (65%) (p<0.03). In the cardiac group employment did not affect planning of pregnancies. Forty cardiac and 46 hypertensive women were married. Married women in both groups had more planned pregnancies (46% cardiac, 43% hypertensive) in contrast to 10 Out of 200 women, only 2 were unaware of any contraceptive methods. One hundred and fifty eight participants were using modern contraceptive methods. None of the women accessed contraception at their routine medical clinics and less than half had received contraceptive advice there. Conclusion: This study showed that many pregnancies among participants with medical conditions were unplanned, and there was poor knowledge about the impact of their medical condition on pregnancy. There is an unmet need for reproductive health education in women with medical conditions, and ideally this should be part of the holistic care of any woman with a significant medical condition.

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Larsson, Margareta. "The Adoption of a New Contraceptive Method – Surveys and Interventions Regarding Emergency Contraception." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4237.

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Beaulieu, Richard Joseph. "The knowledge, attitudes, and experiences of young couples with emergency contraceptive pills." Diss., Search in ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. UC Only, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3390114.

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Anizoba, T. G. "Contraceptive knowledge, attitude and practices amongst adult HIV positive females in the John Talo Gaetsewe Health District." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97210.

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Background Adult females recently diagnosed HIV positive fall pregnant soon after diagnosis in John Taolo Gaetsewe Health District. They usually claim ignorant of or say they forgot to take their pills and that lead to their getting pregnant. Considering the health implication of pregnancy on the general health outlook of HIV positive females and risk of mother to child transmission of HIV, that motivated this study. Aim and Objectives To study the contraceptive knowledge, attitude and practices amongst adult HIV positive females in John Taolo Gaetsewe Health District. The objectives are; 1. To evaluate contraceptive knowledge, perceptions and practices amongst patients presenting for contraception 2. To find out the reasons for use and non use of contraceptives by patients 3. To determine choices of contraceptive methods, use of emmergency contraception and barrier contraception such as condoms. Methods Study design: A cross sectional descriptive study focused on determining the contraceptive knowldge, attitude and practices of adult HIV positive females between the ages of 18 and 49 were selected for the study. Approval for the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee University of Stellenbosch with reference number N11/04/123, and the Northern Cape Department of Health. The study was carried out between June 2011 and July 2011. The questionnaire was designed based on a publication cited on contraceptive practices of women in Northern Tshwane. Setting: The study was conducted in the ARV clinics of the Kuruman and Tshwaragano districts hospitals and the four community health centres in the John Taolo Gaetsewe Health District. This district is a predominantly rural district. Results: Data was provided by 224 participants who fullfiled the inclusion criteria. The knowledge about condom ranked highest(100%) followed by injectibles(94%), oral contraceptive pills(87%), female sterilization(66%) and emmergency contraception(51%). IUCD is the method that is least known(3%).Nurses are the major source of information about contraceptives(89%) while the educator give the least information to participants on contraceptives(40%). 100% of participants had access to oral contraceptive pills and injectibles at their local clinics while the method that was least accessible are IUCD(2%) and hormonal implants(0%). There was a 100% positive perception of injectibles, 74% to female sterilization 67% for morning after pill and 61% to oral contarecptive pills while male sterilization had a positive perception of 12% and IUCD (8%). Availability of contraceptives influenced choice of contraceptives as participants used available methods at the clinic which were condoms, injectibles, oral contraceptives and female sterilization. Partners of participants and tradition also influenced use while non use was mainly because participant wanted to fall pregnant(22%), side effects(6%) and tuberculosis(1%). Conclusion This study revealed that participants had very good knowledge and positive perception about the readily available contraceptive methods at the local clinics. This was true as 100% were well informed about condoms, 94% about injectibles and 87% about oral contracetive pills. At clinics in John Taolo Gaetsewe health District the three methods of contraceptive mentioned above were what you find readily available. 51% of partcipants were also well informed about emmergency contraception this showed the level of awareness in this area on emmergency contraception despite their low level of education . The study revealed that partners of participants and traditional healer had impact on contraceptive use, while getting pregnant topped the list on reasons why contraceptive was discontinued. Parents, teachers and the media should get more involved in the enlightenment campaign about contraceptive as it will help protect women from unplanned pregnancies.

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Bennhult, Hansson Johanna, and Wallner Ida Gröning. "Knowledge, use and perception of emergency contraceptive pills among undergraduate university students in Thailand." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-174859.

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Unwanted pregnancies and induced abortions are made among Thai youths. The aim of this studywas to examine the knowledge, use and perceptions of Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) among undergraduate university students in Bangkok, Thailand, and also investigatedifferences between genders concerning these issues. An empirical descriptive cross- sectional study was performed. A quantitative method was used and Dorothea Orem’s Nursing Theory of Self- care deficit was provided as the theoretical framework. A questionnaire was distributed to 210 students at a university outside Bangkok. The result shows that 84% of the male and 88.9% of the female students knew that the purpose of using ECPs is to avoid unwanted pregnancies. About 36% of the males and 36% of the females had the misconception that ECPs aborts fertilized ovum. Around 21% of the male and 13.7% of the female students had the experience of using ECPs.One common perception among the students was that ECPs are the best method to prevent from unwanted pregnancies, 14.7% of the males and 27.7% of the females perceived that. This study results indicate that more knowledge about ECPs are required for these students.
Även om det är olagligt med aborter i Thailand, förutom under vissa omständigheter, sker dessa. Oönskade graviditeter och inducerade aborter förekommer bland unga thailändare. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka kunskap, användande och uppfattningar av akut p-piller bland universitetsstudenter i Bangkok, Thailand, och även undersöka skillnaderna mellan kön gällande dessa områden. En empirisk deskriptiv tvärsnittsstudie genomfördes och en kvantitativ metod användes. Dorotea Orems egenvårdteori användes som teoretiskt ramverk i studien. Ett frågeformulär delades ut till 210 studenter på ett universitet utanför Bangkok. Resultaten visade att majoriteten av studenterna visste att akut p-piller ska användas i syfte att undvika oönskade graviditeter, 84% av de manliga och 88.9% av de kvinnliga studenterna visste det. Ca 36% av männen och 36% av kvinnorna hade missuppfattningen att akut p-piller aborterar ett befruktat ägg. Ungefär 21% av de manliga och 13.7% av de kvinnliga studenterna sa att de hade erfarenhet av akut p-piller-användning. En vanlig uppfattning bland studenterna var att akut p-piller är den bästa metoden för att förebygga oönskade graviditeter, 14.7% av männen och 27.7% av kvinnorna hade den uppfattningen. Resultatet visar på att mer kunskap om akut p-piller behövs bland dessa studenter.

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Zaggi, Hilary Yacham. "Contraceptive knowledge and practices among students in federal polytechnic Kaduna, Nigeria : an exploratory study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96083.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Population Reference Bureau (PRB) in 2011 reported a low rate of contraceptive use among Nigerian youths at 29%, despite reported high rates of sexual activity and increased awareness of the existence of contraceptive methods. This exposes the youths to the risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections and the effects associated with unwanted pregnancy. From a social constructionist standpoint, I used a mixed method research design to explore contraceptive knowledge and practices among students (18 to 25 years of age) at the Federal Polytechnic Kaduna. I see students’ attitudes towards contraception as being historically and culturally located and dependent on the prevailing cultural arrangement at that period. I thus distance myself from the position of the Health Belief Model (HBM) by recognising that individuals’ attitudes towards contraception is not only informed by the perceived benefits of contraceptive use but also by certain external social factors which could serve as barriers to the individual’s decision to use contraceptives. I collected data from 187 students out of a sample of 200 who had been systematically selected from the Departments of Mass Communication and Architecture at the polytechnic between August and September 2013. In addition, I conducted fifteen follow-up semi-structured interviews with students and three key informant interviews; two staff at the polytechnic clinic and one private pharmacist close to the polytechnic. Similar to other Nigerian studies among tertiary students, there is a relatively high level of sexual activity as well as high level awareness of contraceptive methods among students; however, they lack sufficient knowledge of how contraceptives function. Contraceptive use among sexually active students was also low either due to negative attitudes towards contraceptives resulting from inadequate or incomplete contraceptive information from friends or due to lack of easy access to contraceptive methods by students, partners’ influence or influences from cultural, including religious, beliefs and practices, thereby making students vulnerable to the risk associated with unprotected sex. There is therefore the need for interventions by relevant stakeholders that will seek to provide adequate information to students and develop in them positive attitudes towards contraceptive use.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In 2011 het Nigerië se Bevolkingsverwysingsburo (PRB) ’n lae gebruikskoers van kontrasepsiemiddels (29%) onder Nigeriese jeugdiges gerapporteer, afgesien van die hoë koers van seksuele aktiwiteit en verhoogde bewustheid oor die bestaan van kontrasepsiemetodes. Dit stel jongmense bloot aan die risiko om seksueel-oordraagbare infeksies op te doen, sowel as aan die negatiewe gevolge wat met ongewensde swangerskap gepaard gaan. Vanuit ’n sosiaal-konstruksionistiese standpunt het ek ’n gemengdemetodenavorsingsontwerp gebruik om kennis oor voorbehoedmiddels en gebruike onder studente (18 tot 25 jaar oud) aan die Federal Polytechnic Kaduna (’n politegniese tersiêre instelling) in noordelike Nigerië te ondersoek. Ek beskou studente se ingesteldheid jeens kontrasepsie as histories- en kultuurgefundeerd en onderworpe aan die heersende kulturele reëlings van die tydperk. Ek distansieer my dus van die posisie van die gesondheidoortuigingsmodel (HBM) deur erkenning te gee aan die feit dat individue se ingesteldheid jeens kontrasepsie nie net deur die waargenome voordele van kontrasepsiegebruik ingelig word nie, maar ook deur bepaalde eksterne maatskaplike faktore wat struikelblokke kan skep by ’n individu se besluit om kontrasepsiemiddels te gebruik. Tussen Augustus en September 2013 het ek data van 187 studente uit ’n steekproef van 200, wat stelselmatig in die Departement Massakommunikasie en Argitektuur aan die Politegniese skool gedoen is, versamel. Verder het ek vyftien semigestruktureerde opvolgonderhoude met studente gevoer, asook drie sleutelinformantonderhoude, waaronder twee met personeellede by die Politegniese kliniek en een met ŉ privaat apteker in die omgewing van die Politegniese skool. Soortgelyk aan ander Nigeriese studies onder tersiêre studente het ek gevind dat ofskoon daar ’n relatief hoë seksueleaktiwiteitsvlak, asook ’n hoë bewustheidsvlak van kontrasepsiemetodes onder studente bestaan, die meeste studente onvoldoende ingelig was oor hoe kontrasepsiemiddels regtig werk. Daar is ook gevind dat kontrasepsiegebruik onder seksueel-aktiewe studente weens verskeie faktore redelik laag was, ingesluit negatiewe ingesteldhede oor kontrasepsiemetodes as gevolg van onvoldoende of onvolledige kontrasepsie-inligting (wat hoofsaaklik van vriende bekom is); ’n gebrek aan maklike toegang tot kontrasepsiemetodes; beïnvloeding deur seksmaats; asook invloede vanweë kulturele oortuigings en gebruike, met inbegrip van geloof. Die gevolg is dat studente kwesbaar is vir die risiko’s wat met onbeskermde seks gepaard gaan. Daar bestaan dus ’n behoefte aan intervensies deur die betrokke belanghebbendes wat studente van voldoende inligting sal voorsien en positiewe ingesteldhede oor die gebruik van kontrasepsiemiddels by studente sal kweek.

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Aneblom, Gunilla. "The Emergency Contraceptive Pill – a Second Chance : Knowledge, Attitudes and Experiences Among Users and Providers." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Women's and Children's Health, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3487.

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The overall aim of this thesis was to study knowledge, attitudes and experience of emergency contraceptive pills among women and providers.

Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used. Focus-group interviews were conducted with teenage-girls (I) and with women who had purchased ECP without prescription (IV). Self-administered waiting-room questionnaires were administered to women presenting for induced abortion in three large hospitals (II, III), and after the deregulation of ECP, a postal questionnaire was sent to pharmacy staff and nurse-midwives in three counties in mid-Sweden (V).

Overall, women showed high basic awareness of ECP although specific knowledge such as the level of effectiveness, time-frames and how the method works was lacking. Approval of the method was high and most women were positive to use the method if they needed. Contradictory views as to whether ECP undermines contraceptive behavior were expressed. As many as 43% of women requesting induced abortion had a history of one or more previous abortions. Among the abortion applicants, one out of five, 22%, had previously used ECP and 3% had used it to prevent the current pregnancy. Media and friends were the two most common sources of information on ECP. Half of the women, 52%, were positive to having ECP prescription-free. Those women who had purchased ECP in a pharmacy without prescription, appreciated this possibility, and the major benefits expressed were time saving aspects. No severe side-effects were reported. The women's experiences of interaction with pharmacy staff were both positive and negative. The importance of up-to-date information about ECP and the OTC-availability from the health care providers was emphasized. Both pharmacy staff and nurse-midwives had positive attitudes towards ECP and the OTC availability. Of pharmacy staff, 38% reported that they referred women to nurse-midwives/gynecologists for further counseling and follow-ups. The need for increased communication and collaboration between pharmacies and local family planning clinics was reported by both study groups with suggestions of regular meetings for information and discussions.

The results suggest that ECP is still underused and that more factual information is needed before the method is becoming a known, accepted and integrated back-up method to the existing family planning repertoire. Longitudinal research to assess the long-term effects of ECP is needed.

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Cupido, Xena. "A study investigating the contraceptive knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices of coloured unmarried pregnant teenagers." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 1998. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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Gutin, Sarah Anne. "Expanding contraceptive options in South Africa : knowledge, attitudes, and practices surrounding the intrauterine device (IUD)." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25805.

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The intrauterine device (IUD) is a safe, effective, convenient, reliable, inexpensive, and cost-effective form of reversible contraception. It rivals female sterilization, injectables, and implants with respect to effectiveness in pregnancy prevention. Once inserted, IUDs are nearly maintenance free; some IUDs can even be used for over a decade. In many settings however, the utilization of this form of contraception is poor and a number of barriers to usage exist. These barriers often relate to lack of knowledge and misperceptions among both potential users and healthcare providers. The IUD is a reliable option that may be an ideal form of contraception for many women in South Africa. In order to make this method available on a wider scale, it is necessary to provide correct information to women and health care professionals and to increase the availability and use of this highly effective method. We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study designed to assess the current knowledge, attitudes, and practices of potential users and health care providers with respect to the IUD. We recruited 205 women between 15 to 49 years of age who were attending family planning and ST! care services at four primary level public clinics (two in the more urban Western Cape Province and two in the rural Eastern Cape Province in South Africa). In addition, we interviewed 32 providers from 12 clinics (six clinics per province). Ethical approval for this research was obtained from both the University of Cape Town and Walter Sisulu University (formerly the University of the Transkei). Permission was also given by the local and provincial health services. Among clients, knowledge of the IUD was poor. About 26% of women had heard of the IUD. After the method was explained to them, 89.7% of women believed that there were advantages to using the IUD and 72.7% of women said that they would consider using the JUD in the future. Also, women thought the IUD was an easier contraceptive method to use than oral contraceptive pills, injectables, male and female condoms, and female sterilization. Logistic regression modelling showed that, after adjusting for level of education, being from the Western Cape, older age, and having heard of emergency contraception all independently predicted awareness of the IUD method. For the most part, providers knew how the IUD worked to prevent pregnancy; however, providers were lacking in more detailed knowledge about the method and had misinformation about the IUD. Almost all (93 .6%) of providers recognized their need for more information and training about the IUD. Providers reported that barriers to IUD usage in South Africa were lack of knowledge of the method on the part of providers (84.4%), a lack of trained providers to insert or remove the IUD (62.5%), limited availability of the device at health facilities (56.3%), and a lack of knowledge on the part of potential users (46.9%). Despite these barriers, 81 % of providers believed women would be interested in the IUD if they knew about it and 73.3% believed the IUD should be promoted in South Africa. Our results suggest that the IUD would be a welcome addition to the contraceptive method mix in South Africa and that both clients and providers would be interested in this method. It is clear that awareness campaigns among women seeking contraception would be necessary for building support and publicizing the IUD. It will also be necessary to train and educate providers, focusing on up to date information, dispelling myths, and proper insertion and removal techniques. South Africa could re-introduce the IUD into the contraceptive method mix and increase women's choice by adding this valuable, viable, and sustainable option to the contraceptive method mix. The findings of this study, which was requested by the provincial health services, will be used to inform policy and as a starting point for assessing the feasibility and acceptability of a greater role for the IUD in the contraceptive method mix in South Africa.

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Kotambuluwe, Ralalage Jinesha Rupasinghe Varachai Thongthai. "Levels and patterns of contraceptive knowledge and use among married women in upland of Kanchanaburi DSS /." Abstract, 2003. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2546/cd357/4538012.pdf.

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Troung, Minh Tien Guest Philip. "Impact of mass media exposure on knowledge and use of contraceptive among Vietnamese adolescents and youth /." Abstract, 2006. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2549/cd393/4838770.pdf.

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Mensah, Daniel Kweku Adabo. "An investigation of the knowledge and attitudes of Adolescents towards the sexual and reproductive Health services in the Omaruru district, Namibia." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7625.

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Master of Public Health - MPH
Background- Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) problems continue to affect adolescents’ health and well-being even into their adulthood. Globally and especially within sub-Saharan Africa with a heavy burden of adolescent SRH problems, increased attention is being paid to these issues. This study looks at adolescents’ awareness, utilisation of and experiences of the available SRH services in Omaruru District, Namibia. Methodology- This analytical cross-sectional study used a two-stage cluster sampling method. Data from students aged 15-19 years in secondary schools were collected and analysed using a structured self-administered questionnaire and STATA statistical software respectively. Ethical approval was obtained from the Biomedical Research and Ethics Committee (University of the Western Cape) and the Namibian Health Ministry. Written parental/caregiver informed consent and written participant assent, as per the Namibian law were obtained. Results- While 87% of respondents had heard of SRH, 46% had ever used SRH services. Of these 44% were contraceptive services. Fifty-one percent had ever had sex (of which 17% had given birth to or fathered their first child), 56% of their first sexual experiences were between ages 15-17 years. Twelve percent had used illegal drugs three months prior to the survey. In multivariate analyses female sex, urban residence and reported sexual debut had significant independent relationships with contraception use. Use of SRH services was independently significantly associated with having had sexual debut. Among SRH services users: 71% would recommend these services to their friends, 51% and 56% found health providers welcoming, with good attitudes, and guaranteeing their privacy and confidentiality. Conclusion Greater effort is needed to curb teenage pregnancy in school-going adolescents by promoting the use of all SRH services especially contraception among sexually active adolescents. It is encouraging that respondents who had used SRH service reported that their privacy and, confidentiality were respected and that healthcare providers’ attitudes generally satisfactory. Lower SRH knowledge, service use and use of contraception and condoms needs further investigation in rural youth and then programmatic and service changes tailored to their needs. Gender norms that underpin adolescent females disadvantage in a number of SRH areas needs to be addressed

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Nakanyala, Tuli Ta Tango Tanga. "Trends and determinants of contraceptive prevalence in Namibia: From the 90s to the new millenium." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2008. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_3146_1271623400.

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Contraception is said to be one of the vital determinants of fertility (Bongaarts, 1978). African nations, especially those in sub-Saharan Africa have a history of high fertility levels and low contraceptive use. However, contraceptive methods have been used one way or another throughout human history, although, due to improvements, these methods have evolved over the years. In Namibia, there tend to be a huge gap between women&rsquo
s knowledge of methods of contraception and usage thereof. For instance as per NDHS survey of 2000, 97 percent of married women knew of a contraceptive method, while 38 percent utilised them. This study aims at investigating knowledge and usage of contraceptives among women in union of reproductive age in an independent Namibia, 10 years after independence between 1992 and 2000. Socio-economic and demographic factors affecting contraceptive usage are examined in this study to determine their significance.

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Rouncivell, Laura. "Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of long acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods among healthcare workers in sub-Saharan Africa : a systematic review and meta-analysis." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/75541.

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Introuction: The sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) region is making progress in its contraceptive policies that allow for the provision of long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC). Despite this, the overall utilisation of contraception, especially LARC is low while the burden of unintended pregnancies remains high. Unintended pregnancies pose a significant threat to global public health with far-reaching consequences. There is a need to explore all the reasons for the low uptake of effective LARC methods. The objectives of this systematic review and meta-analysis, was therefore to determine the state of knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of LARCs among healthcare workers (HCW) in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted of published qualitative and quantitative studies. A search strategy was developed and applied to three major databases (PubMed, Ovid (Medline), and Scopus). Studies of both a qualitative and quantitative nature were included if they assessed either the knowledge, attitude, perception or a combination of the concepts among HCWs toward a LARC method. Data were extracted using a pre-determined data extraction form to conduct a qualitative synthesis using a thematic content analysis framework using ATLAS.ti version 8. In addition to this, data was specifically extracted relating to 11 pre-determined questions to conduct proportion meta-analyses using Stata version 15. Heterogeneity was further explored using the I2-statistic and publication bias using funnel plots and Egger’s tests. Results: A total of 3616 records were screened, of which 3510 were excluded. From 106 full-text articles assessed for eligibility, 50 were included for qualitative synthesis and 21 included in the meta-analysis. From the studies, a total of 12 356 participants were included in the analysis. From the meta-analysis, the overall proportion of HCWs with training in family planning was 62% (95% CI: 48%, 76%) while 60% (95% CI: 41%, 80%) reported providing family planning counselling to their clients. Forty-one percent (95% CI: 20%, 61%) of HCWs had received IUCD insertion training with 63% (95% CI: 44%, 81%) expressing a desire for additional training. Only 27% of HCWs (95% CI: 18%, 36%) deemed IUCD appropriate for HIV-infected women. Moreover, restrictions for IUCD and injectables based on a minimum age were imposed by 56% (95% CI: 33%, 78%) and 60% (95% 41 CI: 36%, 84%) of HCWs, respectively. Lastly, minimum parity restrictions were also observed among 29% (95% CI: 9%, 50%) of HCWs for IUCDs and 36% (95% CI: 16%, 43 56%) for injectable contraceptives. Conclusion: The study revealed that there is a gap in knowledge of HCWs regarding family planning counselling and LARC provision. In addition to this, the results indicate that unnecessary provider-imposed restrictions may hinder the uptake of LARC methods by women in sub-Saharan Africa. With the deadline for the Family Planning 2020 initiative and the 2030 SDGs quickly approaching, there is a need to address these issues.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
School of Health Systems and Public Health (SHSPH)
MSc (Epidemiology)
Unrestricted

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Casola, Allison Renee. "Elucidating sexual and reproductive health knowledge and interpersonal correlates and predictors of contraceptive use behaviors among young adults 18-24." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2019. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/548744.

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Epidemiology
Ph.D.
Background: Young adults ages 18-24 are disproportionally affected by unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases and infections (STD/I). The best protection against both pregnancy and STD/Is is dual contraceptive use: the concurrent use of a highly effective contraceptive method and a condom. Objectives: This dissertation aims to increase our understanding of the psychosocial constructs associated with contraceptive and condom use. This project: 1) examines differences in contraceptive and STD/I knowledge by sex and race, and its association with method use; 2) determines the association between relationship characteristics and dual use; and 3) uses the Theory of Triadic Influence to examine direct and indirect associations between sociocultural factors, interpersonal factors, biological factors, and dual use. Methods: Young adult college students ages 18-24 (N=4,196) were invited to complete a web-based, cross-sectional, sexual health survey in Fall 2018. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were run to determine differences in contraceptive knowledge by sex and race and its association with effective method use (N=436), and differences in STD/I knowledge by sex and race and its association with condom use (N=414). Multiple logistic regression models were run to determine the association between relationship characteristics, pregnancy and condom attitudes, demographics, and dual use (N=463). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to assess the standardized direct and indirect associations of sociocultural, interpersonal, and biological factors and dual use (N=406). Results: Increased contraceptive knowledge was associated with 1.114 odds increase in effective method use (95% CI: 1.058, 1.172), but no association was found between STD/I knowledge and condom use (aOR=0.970, 95% CI: 0.940, 1.000). Adjusted for all relationship characteristics, one-unit increase in trust was associated with decreased odds of dual use (aOR=0.982; 95% CI 0.966, 0.998). In independent models, having sex with a casual date/acquaintance (aOR=3.149; 95% CI: 1.550-6.397) compared to a romantic partner was associated with increased odds of dual use. The hypothesized SEM measurement model had poor fit and was re-specified. The final model had moderate fit and explained 70% of the variance in overall dual use. Condom attitudes (β = 0.18) and partner commitment (β = -0.22) were significantly associated with dual use through intention. Intention was significantly associated with dual use (β = 0.84). Conclusions: Findings emphasize the influential nature of interpersonal and biological psychosocial constructs on method use behavior. Health programs that address partner influences on STD/I risk perceptions, method use intention, and method use behavior could be beneficial for young adults.
Temple University--Theses

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Melbostad, Heidi S. "Comparing Family Planning Knowledge Among Females and Males Receiving Opioid Agonist Treatment or Seeking Primary Care Services." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2019. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/1137.

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Background: Approximately 70% of US adults currently receiving opioid agonist treatment (OAT) for opioid use disorder are of reproductive age. Among women receiving OAT at risk of having an unintended pregnancy, typically less than half report any current contraceptive use compared to 90% in the general population. In addition, the rate of unintended pregnancy among women receiving OAT is disproportionately higher than the general population (~80% vs. 45%, respectively). Lack of knowledge about family planning may be contributing to decreased rates of contraceptive use and increased rates of unintended pregnancy among women receiving OAT. Method: Participants were a convenience sample of women and men receiving OAT or a comparison group receiving primary care (PC) services. Family planning knowledge was assessed with the recently validated Contraceptive Knowledge Assessment (CKA), a self-administered 25-question multiple-choice survey. A two-way ANOVA, with fixed factors (i.e. patient sample and sex), compared the total number of correct responses for all questions and five more specific content areas (p<.05). Results: Overall, 332 participants completed this survey. The mean percent of total correct responses was significantly lower in the OAT sample (n=167) compared to the PC sample (n=165), 47% vs. 53% correct, respectively (p<.001) or approximately 1.5 questions less. The mean percent of correct responses in four of the five content areas was also lower among the OAT sample compared to the PC sample (ps<.01). The mean percent of total correct responses was significantly higher among women (n=169) than men (n=163), 56% vs. 44% correct, respectively (p<.0001) or approximately 3 questions more. The percent of correct responses in four of the five content areas was also higher among women than men (ps<.01). Conclusion: Given the substantial discrepancy in rates of contraceptive use and unintended pregnancy between individuals receiving OAT and the general population, it is somewhat unexpected that individuals receiving OAT did not have lower levels of family planning knowledge, although patients in both samples only answered approximately 50% of the questions correctly. Results from the present study suggest deficits in family planning knowledge, while statistically significant, may be less clinically so. Overall, lack of family planning knowledge is likely only playing a small role in population differences in contraceptive use and unintended pregnancy and interventions aimed at decreasing these differences will need to address other barriers to accessing family planning services and utilizing contraception in this population.

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Sobamowo, Samuel Oluwafemi. "The contraceptive knowledge, attitudes and practice among women seeking induced abortion in Mitchell's Plain District Hospital, women's health clinic, Western Cape, South Africa." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32988.

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Background: There is an increased awareness among women of child bearing age on the forms of contraceptives in South Africa. Despite this, there has been a steady rise in the number of induced abortions conducted in the country. The aim and objectives of this study was to understand the contraceptive choices of the women requesting termination of pregnancy as well as their knowledge, attitude and practice toward contraceptives in one of the District Hospitals in Western Cape, South Africa. Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study which was conducted in Mitchell's Plain District Hospital, among women seeking induced abortion. Women aged 18 years and older seeking elective Termination of Pregnancy were included in the study. Convenience sampling method was used to select the participants women attending the clinic and who were willing to participate. Researcher-administered questionnaires were used as a data collection tool, and the data analyzed using SPSS version 25. Correlation between socio-demographic factors and contraceptive uptake was made using chi-square and Fisher's tests. Results: Most of the participants were between the ages of 26-39 years, single, unemployed and did not have matric education. There was an acceptable knowledge on contraceptives in terms of types, sources and side effects. However, there was low uptake of contraceptives (17%) prior to falling pregnant. The most common barriers to contraceptives use were side effects, no time to visit the clinic and low level of education. Conclusion: Findings from this study showed that awareness and knowledge of contraceptives does not necessarily translate to practice. In the future, it would be worthwhile to conduct a qualitative in-depth study on decision-making and behavior of all women around contraceptives.

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Dib, Silvia Cristina Souza. "Contracepção na adolescência: conhecimento sobre os métodos anticoncepcionais entre alunos de escolas públicas municipais de Ribeirão Preto - SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17139/tde-17032008-133756/.

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Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o conhecimento sobre métodos anticoncepcionais (MAC) e identificar as variáveis associados ao conhecimento adequado sobre o tema, em adolescentes de escolas públicas municipais de Ribeirão Preto-SP. Consiste em um estudo do tipo transversal, desenvolvido segundo uma abordagem quantitativa. Foram escolhidas, intencionalmente, duas escolas municipais. A amostra foi constituída por cento e vinte (120) adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, com idade de 13 a 16 anos. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de 05/03/2007 a 16/03/2007, sendo que o instrumento para a coleta foi um questionário semi-estruturado. Os resultados mostraram que os adolescentes deste estudo pertenciam ao grupo de idade entre 13 - 14 anos (81,7%), sendo que adolescen tes com 15-16 anos represen taram a menor parte (18,3%). O sexo masculino representou 51,6% da amostra e, o feminino, 48,4%. A iniciação sexual ocorreu com 13 anos para ambos ,no sexo feminino com (71,43%)e no sexo masculino (41,18%). Com relação ao uso da camisinha masculina 57,5% dos adolescentes entrevistados não utilizaram a camisinha e 28,3% a utilizaram em suas relações sexuais. Quanto ao uso de métodos anticoncepci onais, para a primeira relação, os resultados mostraram que 36,7% não fizeram uso de nenhum tipo de método e 54,2% não responderam. Em relação segundo o local de obtenção dos MAC os resultados mostraram que 75,8% obtinham no posto de saúde através do médico e 50,7% em farmácias. Sobre a diversidade de métodos anticoncepcionais, o trabalho mostrou que 45% não conheciam nenhum método, seguido de 20,8% que conheciam apenas um; 5,8% conheciam dois tipos e 10,8% conheciam três. Os métodos anticoncepcionais mais conhe cidos foram os de barreira, como o preservativo masculino (45,8%) e o feminino (30,8%), seguidos os anticon cepcionais orais (28,3%). No que diz respeito às fontes de informações e orientações desses métodos, a escola foi a mais citada pelos alunos, com 51,7% e, logo em seguida, surge a família, com 40,8% e a televisão, também com cerca de 40%. O estudo evidenciou que as estratégias mais utilizadas pela escola para informar sobre sexualidade, gravidez na adolescência e os métodos anticoncepcionais foram: no decorrer das aulas (40,8%),e em seguida com a palestra (32,5%). Entre os temas discu tidos em sala de aula com o professor, o mais citado foi sexualidade, com 57,4%. Sobre o diálogo em família, os entrevis tados consideraram a mãe o elo de comunicação mais importante sendo avaliado como bom por 79,2% dos entrevistados. Dos diversos tipos de atendimento à saúde, recebido na Unidade Básica pelo adolescente, a consulta médica foi o mais citado pelos entrevistados, com 48,2%. O estudo mostrou ainda que o conhecimento sobre os métodos anticoncepcionais não garante o seu uso. Entretanto, a disponibilidade de maior número de serviços e orientações sistematizadas sobre tais métodos podem favorecer a mudança de atitudes dos adolescentes em relação a uma prática de uso eficiente e preventivo em relação aos MAC.
The present study aimed to assess knowledge on contraceptive methods and identify variable associated with appropriate knowledge among students in the municipal school system of Ribeirão Preto -SP. This transversal study was developed through a quantitative approach. Two schools belonging to the Health District of Vila Virgínia were purposely selected and the sample size was a fixed number of 120 adolescent students of both genders, aged between 13 and 16. Data collection was conducted from 03/05/2007 to 03/16/2007 and a semi-structured questionnaire was used as data collection instrument. The research showed that the subjects consisted of a group of adolescents between13 and14 years old (81,7%) and a smaller group of adolescents between 15 and 16 years old (18,3%), with males representing 51.6% and females 48.4%. The sexual initiation occurred around the age of 13 for both genders(71,43%) of females and (41,18%) male sex . The use condom was reported by (57,5%) of subjets group did not using, while among the group within the same, 28.3% reported using it. The findings also showed that 36,7% of the subjects did not use any kind of contraceptive method in their first sexual intercourse, and 54,2% did not answer this question. Regarding ways to obtain contraceptive methods, the results showed that 75,8% of the subjects received them from a Health Unit and a doctor of them prescription, 50,7% bought them at a drugstore. The study showed that 45% of the students did not know any kind of contraceptive method, followed by 20.8% that knew only one kind, 5.8% knew two methods, and 10.8% knew three kinds of methods. The most widely known method was the male condom (45,8%) and the female kind (30.8%), followed by the oral contraceptive (28.3%). As for sources of information and advice on contraceptive methods, the most common source was the school (51.7%), followed by the family (40.8%), and TV (40%). The study showed that the advice and information on sexuality, pregnancy in adolescence, and contraceptive methods received at school were delivered through lectures (32.5%) and during lessons (40.8%). According to the data, among the topics associated with health in adolescence discussed in class with the teacher, sexuality was the most common one (57.4%). In terms of conversations with the family, the mother was shown to be the most important bond. In addition, the level of communication with the mother was considered good by 79.2% of the students. Health attention received at the Health Unit and consultation with a doctor was the most common option mentioned by adolescents (48.2%). The research showed that knowing contraceptive methods does not guarantee their use. However, availability of more services and extensive advice on contraceptive methods can assist in changing adolescents\' behavior as regards the efficient and preventive use of contra ceptive methods.

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Fataar, Kulthum. "An exploration of knowledge, attitudes and practices of primary health care providers providing contraceptive and family planning services in Cape Town, South Africa: a qualitative study." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32672.

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Health care providers can play a significant role in empowering women to make informed decisions when selecting suitable contraceptive methods during contraceptive counselling. This study explores the experiences and perceptions of primary health care providers delivering contraceptives services in Cape Town to gain a deeper understanding of the delivery of contraceptive services. Ten in-depth interviews were conducted at five public primary health care facilities in urban areas in Cape Town, South Africa. Eligible participants included primary health care providers providing contraceptive services and willing to participate in the study. The qualitative software package NVivo was used to sort and manage data. Data was analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Overall, providers emphasized supporting women in contraceptive decision-making. Sexual and reproductive health training increased providers confidence to deliver appropriate contraceptive services. Furthermore, contraceptive prescribing practices were also influenced by medical eligibility criteria and women's preferred bleeding patterns. However, contraceptive prescribing practices were also influenced by providers' attitudes towards younger and older women. Challenges experienced by providers when providing contraceptive services included: contraceptive stockouts; time constraints of employed women accessing the service; and work pressure due to providing other health services. Health care providers play a critical role in facilitating women's right to accessing high quality contraceptive services. Providers in the study perceived themselves as negotiators during contraceptive counselling by considering both women's preferences and provider recommendations for contraception, whilst enabling women to make informed contraceptive decisions through provision of reproductive health information. Consequently, shifting contraceptive counselling to focus on shared decision-making may encourage autonomy during decision-making and help to limit the influence of provider attitudes on contraceptive prescribing and counselling.

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Akpabio, Alma. "Attitude, perceptions and behaviour towards family planning amongst women attending PMTCT services at Oshakati Intermediate Hospital, Namibia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9300_1362391815.

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Background: About 22.4 million people were living with HIV/AIDS in 2008 out of which women constitute approximately 57%. Namibia is one of the highly affected countries with a national HIV prevalence of 17.8% among women attending antenatal clinics. Antiretroviral medications have become available in Namibia since 2002 and presently all district hospitals and some health centres provide ARVs to those in need. Namibia is rated as one of the few countries in sub-Sahara Africa with a high coverage of ART, with 80% of those in need of ART receiving the treatment. An increasing trend has been observed whereby HIV+ women on ARV are becoming pregnant. Little is known about the attitude, knowledge and behavior of these women towards family planning and use of contraceptives and what barriers they may be facing in accessing these services.Aim: To determine the factors affecting the utilization of family planning services by HIV+ pregnant women receiving PMTCT services. Methodology: The study was a cross sectional study using both quantitative and qualitative methods to assess the critical elements of knowledge, attitude and perceptions of the study participants towards family planning services. The study also assessed the health system and other factors that impact on the use of contraceptives by HIV+ women. It was conducted in northern Namibia at Oshakati Health centre among randomly selected pregnant HIV+ women attending for PMTCT services.Results: Among the 113 respondents, who participated in the study, 97.3% knew at least one method of family planning but only 53.6% actually used any method of contraception prior to current pregnancy. Among the 46.4% who did not use any contraception, the reasons often cited for non-use were because they wanted a baby (52%), spouse objection (10%), being afraid of the effects (14%) and other reasons such as belief, culture and distance to travel to the health facility. 88% of the respondents indicated a willingness to use contraceptives after current pregnancy and expressed general satisfaction with services at the health centre while asking for more information on family planning services.Conclusion: HIV+ women have high awareness on some contraceptives but use of contraceptives is not as high as many of them have a desire to have children for self esteem and leave a legacy for the future. Knowledge of the risks of pregnancy on HIV+ woman may be limited and there is a need to improve educational intervention in this regard as well as integrate family planning services into all HIV/AIDS services.

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Byamugisha, Josaphat Kayogoza. "Emergency contraception among young people in Uganda : user and provider perspectives /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-433-4/.

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Alves, Angela Ferreira Silva Miranda 1979. "Lócus de controle, conhecimento, atitude e prática em relação à pílula anticoncepcional e ao preservativo masculino entre adolescentes de ensino médio = Locus of control, knowledge, attitude and practice on the contraceptive pill and the male condom among teenagers in high school." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310948.

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Orientador: Maria Helena Baena de Moraes Lopes
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T23:10:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alves_AngelaFerreiraSilvaMiranda_M.pdf: 8133917 bytes, checksum: 2ddba523f4ac0561b3078da05e510508 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Resumo: A gravidez na adolescência é um problema de saúde pública, que traz complicações não somente aos adolescentes, mas à criança, à família e a toda a sociedade. De acordo com a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) a adolescência corresponde como sendo a segunda fase da vida e varia as idades entre 10 e 19 anos. Pesquisadores demógrafos desenvolveram um modelo especial conhecido como estudo CAP (Conhecimento, Atitude e Prática), que pretende medir o conhecimento, atitude e prática de uma população, permitindo fazer um diagnóstico e mostrar o que as pessoas sabem, sentem e como elas se comportam perante determinado tema. Determinadas características de personalidade contribuem para a adesão ou não da anticoncepção na adolescência, e isso é o que a escala de lócus de controle pretende avaliar, ou seja, quem ou o quê é responsável pelo controle de sua própria vida. Pode ser interna, no caso do indivíduo acreditar que mantém o controle sobre sua vida; ou externa, no caso do sujeito atribuir o controle da sua vida a outras pessoas, entidades ou até mesmo sorte ou destino. O presente estudo visa avaliar a relação entre o lócus de controle; conhecimento, atitude e prática na anticoncepção em um grupo de adolescentes do ensino médio de escolas públicas no interior de Minas Gerais, a fim de melhor subsidiar o desenvolvimento de intervenções específicas para esse público alvo. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo e transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. A amostra foi composta por 1193 adolescentes. Iniciaram as relações sexuais 494 (41,4%) adolescentes, e dentre os que haviam iniciado, 424 (87%) relatou ter usado algum método contraceptivo na primeira relação sexual. Os métodos mais utilizados foram o preservativo masculino e a pílula anticoncepcional. Observou-se que 282 (74,7%) dos adolescentes buscam informações por meio de sugestões da família, do companheiro e de informações dadas pelos profissionais de saúde. Analisando o conhecimento em relação à prática, observou-se uma correlação positiva fraca (p<0,0001 e r=0,361), indicando que quanto maior os índices de conhecimento, maiores os de prática. Considerando-se a relação entre atitude e conhecimento, o adolescente que tem uma atitude positiva apresentou maior conhecimento sobre os métodos (p=0,0002). Em relação à prática, a atitude positiva também estava relacionada a uma prática mais adequada (p<0,0001), indicada pelos índices mais elevados de acerto das questões relacionadas. Comparando a pílula e o preservativo, há um maior conhecimento e prática em relação ao preservativo. Quanto ao lócus de controle, as adolescentes do sexo feminino tiveram maior Externalidade Outros Poderosos quando comparados com os adolescentes masculinos (p=0,0015). Na correlação do lócus de controle com a idade, os adolescentes com idade acima de 17 anos tem maior Externalidade Acaso (p=<0,0001) que os de menor idade. Os estudantes que fizeram uso de algum método anticoncepcional na primeira relação sexual apresentaram maior Externalidade Outros Poderosos (p=0,0107) e o uso de coito interrompido, como uso de contraceptivo, relacionou-se com maior Externalidade Acaso (p=0,0013). Os que faziam uso atual de algum método apresentavam maior Externalidade Outros Poderosos (p=0,0217) e Externalidade Acaso (p=0,0077), o uso atual de preservativo masculino também esteve associado a maior Externalidade Acaso (p=0,0001). A Internalidade foi inversamente proporcional à prática (p=< 0,05 e r= -0,075), porém a correlação foi ínfima. Não houve associação entre a atitude e as dimensões do lócus de controle. Conclui-se que os adolescentes iniciam atividade sexual precocemente, mas buscam informações sobre anticoncepção. Apesar do conhecimento dos adolescentes sobre anticoncepção, existe uma necessidade de ampliar o acesso a serviços especializados, como também, enfocar sobre a importância do processo educativo referente à sexualidade, promoção da saúde e a inclusão da família e da comunidade nesse processo. As dimensões do lócus de controle influenciam a prática contraceptiva nesse grupo de adolescentes, assim, elas podem ser consideradas nas intervenções relacionadas à anticoncepção
Abstract: Teenage pregnancy is a public health problem, which brings complications not just for adolescents but to the child, family and society as a whole. According to World Health Organization (WHO), the adolescence corresponds as the second phase of life and ages ranging between 10 to 19 years old. Researches demographers have developed a special study known as KAP (Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices), which aims to measure knowledge, attitude and practice of a population, allowing a diagnosis and to show what people know, feel and how they behave towards certain theme. Certain traits of personality contribute to the membership or not of contraception in adolescence, and this is what the scale of lócus of control to evaluate, and, who or what is responsible for controlling their own lives. It can be internal, in the case that the individual believe that he maintains the control over his life, or external, in the case of the subject to assign control over his life to other people, entities or even luck or fate. The present study evaluates the relation between lócus of control, knowledge, attitude and practice on contraception in a group of high school adolescents from public schools in the interior of Minas Gerais state, in order to better inform the development of specific interventions for this public target. This was a descriptive and transversal study with a quantitative approach. The sample comprised 1,193 adolescents. Of all these adolescents, 494 (41.4%) had already the first intercourse, and among those who had started, 424 (87%) reported having use a contraceptive method at first intercourse. The methods used were the condom and the birth control pill, observed that 282 (74,7%) of the teenagers seek information through suggestions from family, partner and information given by health professionals. Analyzing knowledge regarding the practice, there was a weak positive correlation (p <0.0001 and r = 0.361), indicating that the higher rates of knowledge, the largest of practice. Considering the relationship between attitude and knowledge, the teenager who has a positive attitude showed greater knowledge about methods (p = 0.0002). Regarding practice, positive attitude was also related to a more appropriate practice (p <0.0001), indicated by higher rates of correct questions. Comparing the birth control pill and condoms, there is a greater knowledge and practice about condom use. Regarding the lócus of control, female adolescents were more Powerful than Others Externality compared to male adolescents (p=0.0015). In the correlation of lócus of control with age, adolescents aged of 17 years have more chance externality (p=<0.0001) than those of younger age. Students who used a contraceptive method at first intercourse had higher Powerful Others Externality (p=0.0107) and the use of coitus interruptus, and contraceptive use, was related to greater Externality by Chance (p=0.0013). Those who were currently using some method had higher Powerful Others Externality (p=0.0217) and Chance Externality (p=0.0077), current use of condoms was also associated with greater externality Chance (p=0.0001). The Internality was inversely proportional to the practice (p=<0.05 and r=-0.075), but the correlation was insignificant. There was no association between the attitude and the dimensions of lócus of control. It is concluded that adolescents initiate sexual activity early, but seek information about contraception. Despite the knowledge of adolescents about contraception, there is a need to expand that access to specialized services, but also focus on the importance of the educational process about sexuality, health promotion and inclusion of the family and community in this process. The dimensions of lócus of control influence contraceptive practice in this group of adolescents, so they can be considered in interventions related to contraception
Mestrado
Enfermagem e Trabalho
Mestra em Ciências da Saúde

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Rocha, Maria José Francalino da. "Adolescência e anticoncepção: conhecimento e o uso de métodos anticoncepcionais por estudantes da zona urbana de Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6136/tde-02032010-162337/.

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Objetivo: Caracterizar o conhecimento e uso de métodos anticoncepcionais entre adolescentes de escolas públicas. Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado com amostra probabilística e representativa de 363 adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, que não viviam conjugalmente, com idades entre 13 e 17 anos, matriculados no período diurno, de escolas públicas, da zona urbana do município de Cruzeiro do Sul, Estado do Acre, em 2008. A pesquisa contemplou as exigências éticas. A caracterização de conhecimento e uso de métodos anticoncepcionais foi feita, a partir da aplicação de um questionário estruturado, contendo perguntas fechadas e abertas sobre sexualidade e métodos contraceptivos. Dados coletados foram digitados, revisados e processados. O banco de dados foi constituído e analisado, estatisticamente, com a utilização do software Epi Info (version 3.5.8; 2008). Os dados foram descritos, utilizando a estatística descritiva: distribuição de freqüência, medidas de tendência central e medida de dispersão. Para identificação de diferenças entre grupos de adolescentes foi utilizado o teste Quiquadrado de Pearson ou Exato de Fisher. Resultados: Dos 363 adolescentes, 55,4por cento eram do sexo feminino e 44,6por cento, do masculino, com média de idade de 14,7 (dp=1,3) anos; 32,0por cento afirmaram que haviam iniciado a vida sexual, as moças, com média de idade de 15,0 (dp=1,3) anos e os rapazes, com 13,3 (dp=1,3) anos; 98,9por cento referiram conhecer algum tipo de MAC, especialmente, o preservativo (95,3por cento) e a pílula (80,1por cento). Mais do que metade das moças e rapazes, respectivamente, 58,3por cento e 59,6por cento, referiram conhecer entre 1 e 4 tipos de MAC. Dentre os que iniciaram, ou não, a vida sexual, 78,4por cento e 65,6por cento, respectivamente, já tinham ouvido falar sobre dupla proteção. Dentre aqueles com vida sexual ativa, 79,3por cento das moças e 81,0por cento dos rapazes referiram terem feito uso de preservativo na primeira e na última relação sexual. Igualmente, 87,5por cento das garotas e 72,1por cento dos garotos, referiram fazer uso de camisinha em todas as relações sexuais. Conclusão: O alto nível de conhecimento de MAC e o elevado uso de preservativo sexual masculino entre esses adolescentes podem expressar resultados positivos das políticas públicas de saúde sexual e reprodutiva atuais, contribuindo para diminuição de gravidez não planejada e de infecções por doenças transmitidas por via sexual
To characterize the knowledge and use of contraceptive methods among public school students. Methods: Transversal study, accomplished with probabilistic and representative sample of 363 adolescents, man and woman, who didnt live conjugally, between 13 and 17 years old, matriculated in diurnal period, in public schools, in the urban area of Cruzeiro do Sul District, Acre State, in 2008. The research observed the ethic requirements. The characterization of the knowledge and use of contraceptive methods was done with the application of a structured questionary, containing open and closed questions about sexuality and contraceptive methods. The gathered data were digitated, revised and processed. The data bank was constituded and analyzed, statistically, using the software Epi Info (version 3.5:8; 2008). The data were described, using the descriptive statistic: frequency distribution, central trend measures and dispersion measure. For the identification of the differences among the adolescent groups it was used the Qui-square test of Pearson or Exact of Fisher. Results: From the 363 adolescents, 55,4per cent were female and 44,6per cent male, with average age of 14,7 (dp=1,3) years old; 32,0per cent told that they had begun sexual life, the girls with average age of 15,0 (dp=1,3) years old and the boys, with 13,3 (dp=1,3) years old; 98,9per cent affirmed to know some kind of MAC, especially the preservative (95,3per cent) and the contraceptive pills (80,1per cent). More than half of the girls and boys, respectively, 58,3per cent and 59,6per cent affirmed to know between 1 and 4 kinds of MAC. Among the ones who had begun, or not, sexual life, 78,4per cent and 65,6per cent, respectively, had already heard about double protection. Among the ones with active sexual life, 79,3per cent of the girls and 81,0per cent of the boys affirmed that they had already made use of preservative during the first and the last intercourse. Identically, 87,5per cent of the girls and 72,1per cent of the boys affirmed that they use condom in every intercourse. Conclusions: The high level of knowledge of MAC and the high use of male sexual preservative among those adolescents can express positive results of the current public sexual and reproductive health policies, contributing with the decrease of the non-planned pregnancy and infections by sexually transmitted diseases

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Kitshoff, Carine. "Knowledge of students in higher education regarding contraception." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5247.

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Thesis (MCur (Interdisciplinary Health Sciences. Nursing Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa’s Department of Health has stated that knowledge about contraception and reproduction is generally poor, mentioning the substantial uncertainty and misperceptions concerning contraception (Department of Health, 2003:10). Students in higher education institutions are presumed to have a generally higher level of awareness of accessible methods regarding contraception and emergency contraception, but the request rate for the termination of pregnancy among students in higher education remains high (Roberts et al., 2004:441). The researcher identified a need for a study to assess students’ knowledge of contraception and emergency contraception. The goal of this study was to explore the scope of undergraduate students’ knowledge on the matter and to determine to what extent students make use of contraception and emergency contraception. In this study a quantitative approach with an explorative-descriptive research design was applied. The target population of this study included all the full-time undergraduate students at a particular university in South Africa (N=15 872). A non probability, convenience sample was used to select a sample size of 200 undergraduate students at the particular university. Reliability and validity were assured by means of a pilot test conducted over a period of two weeks. The researcher personally collected the data which was gathered by means of self-administered questionnaires. Ethical clearance for this study was obtained from the University Health Research Ethics Committee. As university students were involved this study, consent was also obtained from the university’s Director of Institutional Research. The raw data was entered on a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. A statistician from the University Centre for Statistical Consultation was consulted regarding the analysis of the data by making use of Statistica version 9-software. Quantitative data was presented in histograms and tables, while qualitative data was analysed by means of Tesch’s approach. The overall conclusion was that students at a higher education institution generally had a sound knowledge of contraception, but that their knowledge of emergency contraception was poor. The overall recommendation was that students should be provided with accurate, specific information regarding contraception and emergency contraception, and that this information would need to be user friendly, easily accessible and widely available in order to decrease students’ misperceptions about contraception.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrika se Departement van Gesondheid het die stelling gemaak dat kennis oor kontrasepsie en voortplanting oor die algemeen gebrekkig is en dat daar baie onsekerheid en wanopvattings oor kontrasepsie bestaan (Department of Health, 2003:10). Studente aan hoëronderwysinstellings is veronderstel om ‘n algemene hoër vlak van bewustheid te hê omtrent toeganklike metodes van kontrasepsie en noodkontrasepsie, maar die aantal versoeke vir die terminasie van swangerskappe is steeds hoog onder hoëronderwysstudente (Roberts et al., 2004:441). Die navorser het die behoefte geïdentifiseer aan `n studie om studente se kennis betreffende kontrasepsie en noodkontrasepsie te bepaal. Die doel van die studie was om die omvang van studente se kennis te ondersoek en vas te stel tot watter mate voorgraadse studente van kontrasepsie en noodkontrasepsie gebruik maak. In hierdie studie is ‘n kwantitatiewe benadering met ‘n ondersoekend-beskrywende navorsingsontwerp gevolg. Die teikenpopulasie van die studie het alle voltydse voorgraadse studente aan ‘n Universiteit in die Wes-Kaap (N=15 872) ingesluit. ‘n Niewaarskynlike, gerieflikheidsteekproef is gebruik om ‘n steekproefgrootte van 200 uit die voorgraadse studente van die betrokke universiteit te selekteer. Betroubaarheid en geldigheid is deur ‘n loodsstudie verseker. Die loodsstudie het oor ‘n periode van twee weke plaasgevind. Die navorser het die data wat deur middel van self-geadministreerde vraelyste ingewin is, persoonlik ingesamel. Etiese toestemming vir die studie is van die universiteit se Etiese Komitee vir Gesondheidsnavorsing verkry. Aangesien universiteitstudente by die studie betrokke was, is toestemming ook van die Direkteur van Institusionele Navorsing van die betrokke universiteit bekom. Die rou data is op ‘n Microsoft Excel werkblad ingevoer. ‘n Statistiese ontleder van Stellenbosch Universiteit se Sentrum vir Statistiese Konsultasie is geraadpleeg omtrent die analise van data met behulp van Statistica weergawe 9-sagteware. Kwantitatiewe data is voorgestel deur histogramme en tabelle, en die kwalitatiewe data is geanaliseer deur middel van Tesch se benadering. Die hoofbevindinge was dat studente aan ‘n hoëronderwysinstelling se kennis van kontrasepsie oor die algemeen goed was, maar dat hulle nie voldoende kennis oor noodkontrasepsie gehad het nie. Die hoofaanbeveling was dat studente voorsien moet word van akkurate, spesifieke inligting rakende kontrasepsie en noodkontrasepsie, en dat die inligting verbruikersvriendelik, maklik toeganklik en wyd beskikbaar moet wees om studente se wanopvattings ten opsigte van kontraseptiewe middels te verminder.

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Hanson, Sarah. "Understanding Provider Knowledge and Awareness About Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29315.

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Unplanned pregnancies have individual, familial, and societal consequences and continue to occur in the United States with over two million women experiencing an unplanned pregnancy each year (GI, 2016). Long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) are highly effective methods yet underutilized within the United States. LARCs are considered a safe form of contraception that is not reliant upon the user for efficacy (Strasser et al., 2016). Provider interest, beliefs, knowledge, and training pose a significant barrier to LARC utilization (Shoupe, 2016). This practice improvement project aimed to understand the current knowledge and beliefs of healthcare providers as well as provide information about evidence-based contraceptive counseling and LARCs. Following collection of an online LARC questionnaire, the project intervention included design and implementation of an educational hands-on training session. The online LARC questionnaire was sent to healthcare providers across Minnesota and North Dakota with the goal to assess the provider?s knowledge, training, beliefs, and interests related to LARC utilization. The training session consisted of an educational presentation followed by insertion and removal training for one specific LARC method with nurse practitioners from across the region. A total of 166 individuals initiated the questionnaire and 147 responses were considered eligible for analysis. Results demonstrated providers in family medicine report less comfort providing LARC counseling than providers within the OB/GYN specialty. Fewer family medicine providers were trained to perform LARC insertion; consistent with findings in the review of literature. An assessment of the provider?s knowledge on recommending LARCs in females with coexisting conditions demonstrated uncertainty with current medical eligibility criteria published by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Tiered-effectiveness counseling is underutilized with only 18.6% reporting it as their primary contraceptive counseling method. The educational presentation had 14 participants in the audience; a total of eight participants completed the post-training evaluation questionnaire. Following the training, 100% of participants planned to utilize tiered-effectiveness counseling and insert LARCs in their practice. Knowledge gaps and barriers to LARC utilization continue to exist. Additional interventions targeting the provider and patient-linked barriers are needed to decrease unintended pregnancies in the United States.

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Ganley, Caitlan. "Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs Towards Contraception Among Rural Mozambican Women." Thesis, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1537301.

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Much of Sub-Saharan Africa lags behind the world in reproductive health. The nine villages surrounding Gorongosa are remote rural villages with very limited access to health care, and contraceptive options. A survey regarding the health of women and children in the community was created and every woman between the ages of 15, and 59 was surveyed, a total of 2438 in all. There were many sections but this thesis focuses on the results of the contraception and family planning segment. In this population only 4% of women are using any form of family planning, 8.2% state they would like to, but only 3% state a desire to become pregnant at the point of the survey. Only 17.2% can name a method of contraception, and 27% believe that temporary contraception can lead to permanent infertility. Significant associations were found between knowledge and positive beliefs about contraception and use, or a desire to use contraception, indicating there is a role for educational programs to help inform women of their options and give them the opportunity for reproductive self-determination.

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Lin, Jack, Theodore Knuck, and Jason Orozco. "Knowledge and Attitudes of Student Pharmacists Concerning Oral Emergency Contraception." The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623970.

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Class of 2009 Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this work is to explore the correlations between demographics, knowledge, and attitudes that student pharmacists have in regards to oral emergency contraception (OEC) and their dispensing. METHODS: University of Arizona pre-rotation student pharmacists were asked to complete a questionnaire during a regularly scheduled required class. The questionnaire had three sections consisting of general OEC knowledge, specific attitudes regarding OEC, and demographic data. RESULTS: Students who stated moral and/or ethical objections to dispensing OEC had significantly lower knowledge scores. They also showed a response pattern to attitude and belief questions opposite to that of students who stated feeling comfortable dispensing OEC in most situations. There were no significant differences in total correct scores on the knowledge questions between gender or year in school, however, there were significant differences in some specific questions. CONCLUSIONS: Students who did not feel comfortable dispensing OEC or had moral and/or religious objections to dispensing OEC were found to have lower knowledge scores. With the exception of two knowledge questions, total correct scores on OEC knowledge questions increased with year in school. Lack of knowledge about OEC may in part contribute to unease and objections to dispensing them.

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Seutlwadi, Lebogang. "Adolescents' knowledge about abortion and emergency contraception a survey study." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002561.

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Adolescents have become focal points of discussions and debates regarding sexuality and reproductive health matters. However, little research has been done particularly in South Africa to examine their knowledge concerning abortion and emergency contraception. Research indicates that a substantial proportion of adolescent pregnancies are unintended or unwanted. Abortion and emergency contraception are both time-sensitive services. Thus having accurate and comprehensive knowledge about both abortion and emergency contraception is pivotal, in the case of unintended or unwanted pregnancy or when engaging in unprotected sex or experiencing contraceptive failure that could lead to pregnancy. The 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) defined reproductive health rights for both men and women as the right to "decide freely and responsibly the number, spacing and timing of their children and to have the information and means to do so" (p. 60). That is, men and women should "have the right to make decisions concerning their reproduction free of discrimination, violence and coercion" (ICPD, 1994, p.60). Based on these definitions, it is rather evident that comprehensive and accurate knowledge are at the core of one's ability to make an informed consent. This is confirmed by Adler's (1992, p. 289) definition of informed consent or choice "a) access to sufficient information b) understanding the information c) competence to evaluate potential consequences d) freedom to make a choice and e) the ability to make and express that choice". It is from this framework that this study emerged. The aim of this study was to examine adolescents' knowledge concerning abortion and emergency contraception. The participants were Grade 11 learners between the ages of 15-24 years from five different schools in the Buffalo City Municipality. A sample of 514 was achieved. Data were analysed using descriptive cross-tabulation, chi-square and qualitative methods where appropriate. The results revealed that most of the participants did not have sufficient accurate knowledge concerning the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act, consequences of legal abortion and emergency contraceptive pills to make informed decisions. Furthermore, data also revealed that the participants' schools playa role in their sexual activity, their knowledge about the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act and about emergency contraceptive pills. Although this method made it feasible for the researcher to make general assumptions, non-responses were one of the limitations of the study. Similar research in various municipalities/cities in and outside the Eastern Cape is recommended so as to increase further awareness concerning the level of knowledge that adolescents have about contraceptive pills particularly emergency contraceptive pills, the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act and abortion in general.

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Cingo, Andiswa Linda. "Knowledge, attitudes and practices of adolescents regarding contraceptives in the Maluti sub-district." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/15302.

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The researcher observed a high incidence of pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections and abortions, including illegal abortions among adolescents in the Maluti Sub-District in the Eastern Cape Province. The researcher noted when speaking to the adolescents about contraceptives that they appeared to have a lack of knowledge as well as some misconceptions about contraceptives. The study therefore explores the knowledge, attitudes and practices of adolescents regarding contraceptives. To achieve the purpose of this study, a quantitative, explorative and descriptive survey was used to conduct this study. The research population in this study comprised all Grade 11 and 12 female adolescents enrolled at the selected senior secondary schools in the Maluti Sub-District. Simple random sampling was used to select the research sample. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used with the help of a statistician to analyse the data. A pilot study was conducted prior to the actual study being conducted, using the same design and research methods. The study findings revealed that participants had a low level of knowledge about contraceptive methods and there were some misconceptions regarding contraceptives prevailing among the participants. More than half (54%) of the participants are currently sexually active and less than a third of the participants indicated that they were using contraceptives The study concludes with recommendations for nursing practice, education and research. Ethical principles have been maintained throughout the study.

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Menezes, Valderiza Almeida. "Man I: Parenting, Knowledge and contraception among poor women in Fortaleza (1960-1980)." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8271.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
The present research wants to think historically about the experience of poor woman in Fortaleza â CearÃ with the contraception in the 1960s and 1970s. The birth control has become a theme very discussed by many subjects from the rise of contraceptive methods like birth control pills, IUD â intrauterine device -, and tubal ligations, as the possibility of a "demographic explosion" in poor countries of Latin America. In this context, State, Civil Society and the Catholic Church undertook a dispute for speech in which the female body was at the center of the question. Thus, this study favored memories of some poor women living in the suburbs of the city of Fortaleza, with the intention of realizing how they remember the use of contraception, whether or not medicalized. The intention is to understand how the models of masculinity and femininity constructed interfered in the everyday of the subjects and how the demand and world view affected the choices made. This discussion is based, mainly, in oral source, medical magazines, family planning civil entityâs publications and newspapers of that time, documents who aloud visualize acquiescence, refusals and adaptation to the proposed ideal.
Este trabalho tem como objetivo refletir historicamente sobre a experiÃncia das mulheres pobres de Fortaleza - CearÃ com a contracepÃÃo, nas dÃcadas de 1960 e 1970. O controle de natalidade passou a ser um tema amplamente discutido por diversos sujeitos a partir da ascensÃo de mÃtodos contraceptivos como pÃlulas anticoncepcionais, DIUs â Dispositivos Intrauterinos - e laqueaduras de trompas, bem como da possibilidade de uma âexplosÃo demogrÃficaâ nos paÃses pobres da AmÃrica Latina. Nesse contexto, Estado, Igreja CatÃlica e Sociedade Civil empreenderam uma disputa pelo discurso em que o corpo feminino estava no cerne da questÃo. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa privilegiou as memÃrias de algumas mulheres pobres residentes em bairros perifÃricos da cidade de Fortaleza, na intenÃÃo de perceber como elas rememoram o uso da contracepÃÃo, seja ela medicalizada ou nÃo. A intenÃÃo Ã compreender de que maneira os modelos de masculinidade e feminilidade construÃdos interferiram no cotidiano dos sujeitos e como as demandas cotidianas e visÃo de mundo afetaram as escolhas feitas. A discussÃo aqui empreendida baseou-se principalmente em fontes orais, revistas mÃdicas, publicaÃÃes de entidades civis de planejamento familiar e jornais da Ãpoca, documentos que permitiram visualizar aquiescÃncias, recusas e adaptaÃÃes dos ideais propostos.

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Borsella, Madison. "Women’s Knowledge of, Access to, and Experiences with Emergency Contraception in New Brunswick." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41604.

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Ensuring that women have timely access to safe, effective and affordable emergency contraception (EC) is of critical importance. There are four primary modalities of EC available in Canada: the levonorgestrel emergency contraceptive pill (LNg-ECP), the copper-T intrauterine device (IUD), ulipristal acetate (UPA) and the Yupze method (combined oral contraceptive pills). This is a mixed methods study dedicated to exploring women’s knowledge of, access to and experiences with EC in New Brunswick (NB). This study consisted of a two-part mystery client study, a community-based survey, and in-depth, semi-structured interviews with women in NB. The results of the mystery-client study indicate that 180 (87%) pharmacies had at least one brand of LNG-ECPs in stock. Although availability and knowledge of LNG-ECPs among NB pharmacists is relatively high, some are still providing incorrect medical and regulatory information. The findings of this study illustrate where improvement in pharmacy provision of LNG-ECPs in NB is required. Knowledge of EC among women in NB is relatively low, especially with respect to the IUD and UPA. Continuation of education efforts among pharmacists and sexual education teachers concerning ECPs in NB appears warranted. Exploring the barriers that NB women face in obtaining ECPs is not only imperative for improving access, but also yielding better quality reproductive health services in the province.

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Frappier, Stéfanie Angèle. "Exploring Young Women with Disabilities’ Knowledge of and Experiences with Contraception: A Multi-method Qualitative Study in Ontario." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42404.

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In Canada, women with disabilities are an understudied group when it comes to sexual and reproductive health. Specifically, there is no clarity about women living with disabilities’ knowledge of and experience with contraception in Canada. Contraception refers to methods used to prevent pregnancy. Research has shown that the rate of adverse sexual and reproductive health outcomes is higher among youth with disabilities, a group comprising approximately 1 in 7 Canadian over 15 years of age. This study aimed to understand better adolescent and young adult women (13-26 years of age) with disabilities’ knowledge of and experiences with contraception in Ontario by launching an online survey and conducting semi-structured interviews. The findings show that revisions to service models and healthcare attitudes towards sexually active women with disabilities are necessary. This study recommends that sexual education be revised to include people with disabilities, people of different sexual orientations, and equality between men and women’s reproductive responsibility

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Newman, Douglas David-John. "The knowledge and utilization of contraception and the attitudes towards pregnancy prevention among undergraduate nursing students at the University of the Western Cape." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9783_1278008474.

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It is not mandatory for the student to declare a pregnancy to her educational institution. It does however become more complicated for the student nurse, because she has to provide a health service while she is a student during her clinical placement. The researcher has noticed that student nurses do fall pregnant during their undergraduate studies at the University of the Western Cape. The researcher was unsure why this phenomenon is occurring amongst undergraduate nursing students. He identified the need to measure the level of knowledge of pregnancy prevention amongst undergraduate nurses, their level of utilization of such services and their attitudes towards falling pregnant during their studies. This study is of a quantitative nature whereby the researcher made use of a descriptive design. The method of data collection utilized was an anonymous self administered questionnaire form. The population under study was the registered undergraduate nursing students in 2008 at the University of the Western Cape. This population consisted of 1031 individuals. Their ethnic background represents the South African demography. An exhaustive sampling approach was used and 401 individuals gave consent to participate in the study. Through this research the researcher hypothysed and proved that the level of knowledge of contraception amongst undergraduate student nurses is indeed inadequate and that this low level of knowledge on the subject area leads to incorrect and inconsistent and non use of contraception in their own lives.

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Matlala, Sogo France. "knowledge, attitudes and practices of rural men towards the use of contraceptives in Ga-Sekororo, Limpopo Province, South Africa." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1261.

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Thesis (M.Sc. (Public Health)) --University of Limpopo, 2005
In rural areas, most women carry the burden of preventing unwanted pregnancies alone. Most of the men are not aware of the benefits of contraceptives. They mostly complain that the contraceptives their partners use make them sick. Men have a negative attitude towards the use of contraceptives and do not share the responsibility of contraceptive use with their partners. Aim: Aim of this study was to determine men’s knowledge, practices, and attitudes on the use of contraceptives in a village of Limpopo province, South Africa. Methods: Five focus group discussions were held with groups of men between the ages of 20 and 50 in the five villages of Ga-Sekororo. The researcher used an audio tape to record what participants said during group sessions and made some observational notes to supplement the tape recordings. The researcher used a topic guide to direct and guide sessions with each of the group meetings in order to understand their knowledge, practices, and attitudes towards the use of contraceptives. Results: Some of the men were able to list the various methods of contraceptives available, the benefits of contraception, and the negative consequences of unprotected sex. Only 32% indicated a willing ness to use a male contraceptive pill when available which indicated unwillingness in most men to share the responsibility of contraception with their partners in spied of their knowledge of the benefits of contraception. Ninety two percent of men prefer the first-born child to be a male and if it happens to be a female, will continue to have children until a male is born. Programmes to address the reproductive health needs of men are needed and when implemented will benefit women as well. The government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) should work together to fulfil this need.
The Ford Foundation International Fellowship Programme

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Chaumont, Andréanne. "Exploring the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Provision Practices Of Pharmacists in Ontario: A Mixed-Methods Study Dedicated to Emergency Contraception." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35050.

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The availability of accessible, effective, and timely emergency contraception (EC) technologies is an important issue in women’s reproductive health. In Canada, three methods of EC are currently available: the levonorgestrel pill (LNg-EC), the Copper-T intrauterine device (IUD), and ulipristal acetate (UPA). This study explores the EC knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Ontario pharmacists through a mixed-methods study. The mixed-methods study includes a bilingual mailed survey with a representative sample of retail pharmacists and in-depth interviews with a subset of respondents. Results of the survey indicate that there is considerable interest among pharmacists to expand access to EC in Ontario; however, the results indicate that LNg-EC continues to be a behind-the- counter product and knowledge of other EC modalities is modest. Pharmacists view themselves as playing a critical role in patient education and counseling, as well as raising awareness about EC in the community. Developing and implementing continuing education efforts targeting pharmacists appears warranted. This research could ultimately play a role in expanding access to IUDs and UPA, as well as raising awareness of these modalities within the pharmacy community. La disponibilité à des technologies de contraception d’urgence (CU) accessible, efficace et dans un délai raisonnable est une problématique d’importance pour la santé reproductive des femmes. Au Canada, trois méthodes de CU sont actuellement disponibles : le comprimé de levonorgestrel (CU-LNg), le dispositif intra-utérin de cuivre (DIU) et l’acétate ulipristal (UPA). Cette étude multi-méthodes qui est composée d’une sondage bilingue posté à un échantillon représentatif de pharmaciens travaillant en milieu communautaire et d’entrevues réalisées avec un sous-ensemble de participants a pour but d’explorer les connaissances, les attitudes et la prestation de services des pharmaciens en Ontario par rapport à la contraception d’urgence. Les résultats des sondages démontrent qu’il y a un intérêt considérable de la part des pharmaciens quant à l’amélioration de l’accessibilité à la CU en Ontario. Toutefois, nos résultats démontrent que la CU-LNg continue d’être un produit situé en Annexe II et que les connaissances des pharmaciens quant aux autres méthodes de contraception d’urgence sont limitées. Les pharmaciens croient qu’ils sont un élément clé pour l’éducation de leurs patients et pour prodiguer des conseils sur la CU dans la communauté. Le développement et l’implantation de formation continue spécifiques aux pharmacies sont nécessaires. Cette recherche pourrait favoriser l’accessibilité au DUI et à l’UPA en plus d’améliorer les connaissances de ces technologies au sein de la communauté pharmaceutique.

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Karlsson, Clara, and Johanna Lönn. "Knowledge, use and perception of the emergency contraception pills among Vietnamese women in Ho Chi Minh City." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-174843.

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Davids, Lameez. "Knowledge, attitudes and practices of contraception amongst adolescent girls from selected high schools in a low socio-economic community in Cape Town." University of Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7615.

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Masters of Public Health - see Magister Public Health
Adolescents account for 20% of the world’s population, and the majority of them are inhabitants of developing countries. Increasing sexual activity amongst adolescents is a public health concern because it can lead to teenage pregnancy which in turn leads to an increase in relative poverty, unemployment, poorer educational achievements (for the adolescent) and poor health of unborn children. Contraceptive use gives females the ability to make informed decisions about their fertility as well as greatly reduce female morbidity and mortality. Despite freely available contraception and accessible reproductive health policies and facilities, a majority of adolescents still report unintended, unplanned pregnancies. .

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O'Brien, Erin. "Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives In Vermont: A Survey Based Assessment Of Current Knowledge Of Providers Of Women Of Reproductive Age." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2016. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/471.

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Unintended pregnancies are a long-standing public health issue nationally, with percentages hovering around 50% for at least the last five years. Vermont is doing slightly better than the national average, but is faced with it's own challenges due to it's rural nature. Agencies and organizations, such as the World Health Organization, March of Dimes and the Vermont Department of Health have made decreasing unintended pregnancies one of their priorities to improve maternal and fetal health outcomes, as well as social and economic opportunities for families. Current evidence-based guidelines call for long- acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs), including intrauterine devices (IUDs) and implants, as the first-line recommendation by healthcare providers for decreasing unintended pregnancies. This study, in collaboration with several Vermont state organizations and agencies, engaged healthcare professionals throughout the state with an electronically disseminated survey aimed at assessing their knowledge of LARCs. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether healthcare professionals caring for women of reproductive age, are using current evidence-based practice guidelines to counsel women in their contraceptive choices. Survey results revealed that the majority of the respondents consider themselves to be knowledgeable about and had received a high level of training in IUD counseling and/or insertion. Areas of uncertainty were primarily about side effects and the insertion and removal processes of the implant, as well as a few categories of medical eligibility. This was especially apparent when results were stratified by urban and rural regions of Vermont. Although there seems to be a high level of provider confidence in knowledge about LARCs and reported counseling of LARCs as first-line, there is a discrepancy between what providers think they know and current evidence based contraception guidelines. Many factors exist that could explain this discrepancy, including but not limited to lack of training, provider bias, and system barriers. This study aims to illuminate gaps in provider knowledge to improve uptake of LARCs and over time make a shift in the numbers of unintended pregnancies in Vermont.

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OShea, Michele. "EFFECT OF HIV STATUS ON FERTILITY DESIRE AND KNOWLEDGE OF LONG‐ACTING REVERSIBLE CONTRACEPTION OF POSTPARTUM MALAWIAN WOMEN." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/536225.

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A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.
Background and Significance: Both HIV and unintended pregnancies have been associated with adverse maternal, perinatal, and infant outcomes. Malawi is a country with both high HIV prevalence and rates of unintended pregnancy, where 13% of women aged 15‐49 years have HIV, and 41% of pregnancies are unintended. Research Question: The objectives of this study were to describe the most recent pregnancy intentions and family planning preferences of HIV‐infected and HIV‐uninfected postpartum Malawian women, and to assess whether HIV status is associated with fertility desire and knowledge of intrauterine contraception (IUC) and the subdermal contraceptive implant. Methods: We conducted a cross‐sectional analysis of the baseline characteristics of Malawian women enrolled in a prospective cohort study assessing postpartum contraceptive uptake and continuation. Women at a government hospital completed a baseline survey assessing reproductive history, family planning preferences, and knowledge of IUC and the implant. We used Pearson’s chi‐square tests to compare these parameters between HIV‐infected and HIV‐uninfected women. Modified Poisson regression was performed to assess the association between HIV status and fertility desire and knowledge about IUC and the implant. Results: Of 634 postpartum women surveyed, HIV‐infected women were more likely to report their most recent pregnancy was unintended (49% versus 37%, p=0.004). Nearly all women (97%) did not want a child in the next two years but HIV‐infected women were more likely to desire no more children (adjusted PR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.33, 1.89). HIV‐ infected women were also less likely to know that IUC (adjusted PR 0.72; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.84) and the implant (adjusted PR 0.83; 95% CI: 0.75, 0.92) are safe during breastfeeding. Conclusion: Postpartum women strongly desire family spacing and many HIV‐infected postpartum women desire no more children, suggesting an important role for these long‐acting methods. Education about the efficacy and safety of IUC and the implant particularly during breastfeeding may facilitate postpartum use.

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Priante, Paulo Sergio Barbalho. "Contracepção de emergência entre pacientes atendidas nos ambulatórios de ginecologia do Hospital da Fundação Santa Casa deMmisericórdia do Estado do Pará." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/79588.

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Introdução: A contracepção de emergência, embora disponível há mais de 30 anos, ainda nos dias atuais encontra resistências de natureza religiosa, cultural e social em diferentes regiões do mundo. Estados como o Pará, segundo maior da Amazônia brasileira e da Região Norte do Brasil, com características continentais, têm, certamente na geografia, na diversidade populacional e no ecossistema, fatores que contribuem sobremaneira para a ocorrência de gestações precoces e indesejadas, assim como a prática de abortamento. Pouco se sabe sobre o nível de conhecimento sobre a contracepção de emergência pelas mulheres e sua utilização pela população brasileira. Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de conhecimento sobre contracepção de emergência entre mulheres atendidas nos Ambulatórios de Ginecologia do Hospital da Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Estado do Pará. Métodos: Foi realizado estudo transversal com 316 mulheres sexualmente ativas, com idade entre 18 e 50 anos, que frequentaram o Ambulatório de Ginecologia entre junho e julho de 2012. As pacientes responderam a um questionário contendo 29 perguntas, incluindo: idade em anos, nível educacional, conhecimento e uso prévio do método de contracepção de emergência. Resultados: A idade média das participantes foi de 31,84 ± 8,00 anos, 46,84% delas concluíram o ensino médio e apenas 8,55% possuíam o ensino superior. A maioria obtivera informações sobre contracepção de emergência por meio de amigos (48,61%, n = 152) e apenas 7,30% através de seus médicos. Embora 83,54% das participantes relatassem estar familiarizadas com o método, apenas 0,63% disseram que o contraceptivo de emergência poderia ser usado até 5 dias após a relação sexual desprotegida e 76,58% nunca tinham utilizado o método. Conclusão: As mulheres incluídas neste estudo demostraram ter elevado conhecimento e prevalência de uso da contracepção de emergência, apesar de pouco conhecimento sobre o tempo máximo para sua utilização e, devem receber mais informações sobre o contraceptivo de emergência.
Introduction: emergency contraception although available as a safe and effective method for more than 30 years, even today, meets resistance as religious, cultural and social development in different regions of the world, limiting their use and compromising your knowledge on the part of the population. States such as Pará, the second largest Brazilian Amazon State, and of the northern region of Brazil, with continental characteristics, has certainly, in geography, population diversity, ecosystem, factors that contribute greatly favoring the occurrence of premature and unwanted pregnancies, as well as the practice of abortion. Little is known about the level of knowledge about emergency contraception by women and their use in Brazil. Objective: To assess the level of knowledge about emergency contraception among women attending at gynecology clinics in the Hospital Santa Casa de Misericordia of State of Pará. Methods: cross-sectional study was conducted with 316 sexually active women aged 18-50 years attending the gynecology outpatient clinic, between June and July 2012. The patients answered a questionnaire containing 29 questions, including: age in years, education level, knowledge and previous use of emergency contraception method. Results: The mean age of participants was 31.84 ± 8,00 years. 46.84% of them completed high school, and only 8.55% have higher education. Most women obtained information on emergency contraception through friends (48.61%, n = 152) and only 7.30% of its physicians. 83.54% participants reported being familiar with the method, only 0.63% said that emergency contraception could be used up to 5 days after unprotected intercourse, 57.59% did not know, and 76,58% (n = 242) had never used the method. Conclusion: The women in our study seem to have high level of knowledge and prevalence of use of emergency contraception, although little known about the time limit for its use and should receive more information about the emergency contraceptive.

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Tully, Hillary. "“I’ll Look into This on My Own”: Knowledge and Resistance in Narratives of Contraception among College-Educated American Women." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/23765.

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For every method, there's a story - the IUD that almost killed her, the male birth control that almost happened, the weight gained and the moods changed. Whether a narrative of personal experience or one heard through the grapevine, stories about contraception illuminate critical issues in reproductive health today. Using ethnographic data deeply colored by ongoing partisan rhetoric around reproductive rights and the body, I discuss the dynamics of power at play in patient experience, the performance of social complaint and institutional critique, and vernacular conceptualizations of health and embodiment in the contraceptive regimen.

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Schafer, Stephanie Lynne, and Stephanie Lynne Schafer. "Providers’ Knowledge, Perceptions and Views of Prescribing Long-Acting Reversible Contraception to Adolescents in a Southwest Community Health Center." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626699.

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This paper describes a Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) quality improvement project that identifies provider’s knowledge, perceptions, and views surrounding the prescription of long- acting reversible contraception (LARC) to female adolescents, ages 15 to 19, for the purposes of reducing unintended adolescent pregnancy. LARCs are the most effective contraceptive methods, however, remain significantly underutilized in the United States (U.S.), and particularly among the adolescent population. This project aimed to identify facilitators and barriers to counseling and prescribing adolescents on LARC methods within a southwestern urban Community Health Center (CHC). This project was guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TBP) to describe providers’ intention to counsel and prescribe LARC methods to adolescents. This project employed a descriptive design and utilized a quantitative survey distributed to selected providers within this CHC. Response rate was approximately 14%. Key findings suggest providers are particularly knowledgeable of LARC methods and recommendations discussed in current contraceptive evidence-based guidelines. Despite this knowledge, the most frequent contraceptive methods prescribing in this CHC are the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) and the injectable (Depo-Provera). Primary barriers to LARC are identified as providers’ faulty perceptions of LARC and organizational concerns. Overall, this project was successful in identifying provider-based influences that act as barriers and subsequently limit the prescription of LARC to adolescents. Recommendations are made to enhance providers’ LARC counseling and prescribing practices pertaining to 1) how often contraceptive counseling occurs, 2) requirements warranted prior to LARC initiation, and 3) recognizing and addressing providers’ flawed perceptions on LARC use in adolescents.

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Dupree, Linda. "Performance and knowledge related to the menstrual cycle within Swedish elite sports : From the athletes’ point of view." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-5775.

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Aim The overall aim was to investigate Swedish elite athlete’s perceptions about the effects of the menstrual cycle on sports performance. The research questions applied was: 1. How do elite athletes perceive the effects of the menstrual cycle on performance, and do they adjust training or competition accordingly? 2. How do elite athletes perceive the knowledge and beliefs within the area, among their coaches? Method A cross-sectional study design was applied using an online questionnaire for data collection. The study group of interest were female Swedish elite athletes, from both team and individual sports. Teams and athletes defined as ‘elite athletes’ were contacted and offered participation. All data collected from the questionnaire was processed in IBM SPSS® where both descriptive and analytic statistics was performed. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to test the assumptions of normality for the data, Chi2-tests and Fisher’s exact test were used to examine relationships between variables in the sample and the statistical significance level for analysis was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results Both menstrual- and premenstrual symptoms (PMS) effected the athletes in the sample. The psychological PMS affected close to 70% of the sample in at least one aspect and the symptoms menstrual bleeding affected majority of the sample (82%). The phases were athletes perceived themselves perform the best and the worst were different, with majority of the sample perceiving their worst performance being close to bleeding. This may be an effect of the negative symptoms associated with the bleeding phase. Both coaches’ and athletes’ perceived knowledge were considerably low, as well as athletes’ possibilities to discuss menstrual problems with their coach. Conclusions Elite athletes perceive negative effects of the menstrual cycle and somewhat experience variations in performance throughout the cycle. The knowledge within the area, especially for people involved in female sports, needs to improve.
Syfte och frågeställningar Det övergripande syftet var att undersöka svenska elitidrottares uppfattningar om effekterna av menstruationscykeln på deras prestationsförmåga. Frågeställningarna var: 1. Hur uppfattar elitidrottare effekterna av menstruationscykeln på deras prestation och anpassar de träning eller tävling i enlighet med detta? 2. Hur uppfattar elitidrottare kunskapen och åsikterna inom det specifika området, bland sina tränare? Metod En tvärsnittsstudie genomfördes med hjälp av webb-enkät för datainsamling. Studiegruppen av intresse var kvinnliga svenska elitidrottare, från både lag och individuella idrotter. Lag och idrottare som kunde definieras som "elitidrottare" kontaktades och erbjöds deltagande. All insamlade data från enkä̈ten behandlades i IBM SPSS där både beskrivande och analytisk statistik genomfördes. Shapiro-Wilk’s test användes för att testa antaganden om normalfördelning för data, Chi2-test och Fisher’s exakta test användes för att undersöka samband mellan variabler i urvalet och den statistiska signifikansnivån för analys var ≤ 0.05. Resultat Både menstruella- och premenstruella symptom (PMS) påverkade idrottarna i studiegruppen. De psykologiska PMS påverkade nära 70% av deltagarna i åtminstone ett avseende och symptom vid menstruationsblödning drabbade majoriteten av gruppen (82%). De faser i menstruationscykeln där idrottarna upplevde sin bästa- respektive sämsta prestation var olika, med en majoritet av gruppen som upplevde sin sämsta prestation i samband med blödning. Detta kan vara en effekt av de negativa symtom som är förknippade med blödningsfasen. Både tränares och idrottarnas upplevda kunskap var förhållandevis låg, liksom idrottarnas möjligheter till att diskutera menstruationsproblem med sin tränare. Slutsatser Elitidrottare upplever negativa effekter av menstruationscykeln och upplever vissa variationer i prestation under cykeln. Kunskapen inom området, speciellt för de involverade i kvinnlig idrott, behöver förbättras.

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Kwaw, William Bangoto. "Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices (KABP) concerning family planning among urban male high school students in the Zwelitsha District, Ciskei." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26568.

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It takes two to tango! However, family planning programmes in most countries especially in Sub-Saharan Africa have focused almost solely on one - the female-invariably with little impact. The few attempts which have been made to involve males have concentrated on the adult male. It was felt the time had come to involve the adolescent males most of whom are already sexually active and after all are the husbands and fathers of tomorrow. Male high school students (N=240) out of a total of 2101 male students were randomly selected from all the six urban high schools in the Zwelitsha District of Ciskei (now part of the new Eastern Cape Province of RSA) and were surveyed to obtain information on KABP concerning family planning. The study was undertaken to provide information for planning of a family planning health intervention programme by the school health team in an attempt to address the high unplanned teenage pregnancy rate and STDs in the schools. The response rate was 83,3%. Important findings included the following: 90% reported they had already had sexual intercourse; the mean age at first sexual intercourse was 15.4 years; the interval from first intercourse to first contraceptive use was 2 years; knowledge of contraceptives was at times scanty and there were several misconceptions and myths concerning fertility, contraceptives and STDs; majority (71,5%) felt the decision to use contraceptives should be the responsibility of both male and female; 86,4% expressed the desire to use contraceptives in the future and 73,0% felt sex education should start in primary school. The adolescent male is interested in family planning and wants to be an active participant in the programme. Recommendations for improved family planning services in schools are made.

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Ntumba, Alexis. "Knowledge, attitude and behaviors related to HIV/AIDS amongst female adolescents who are accessing the primary health services for contraception (birth pill) in Andara District, Namibia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6866_1367481616.

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Background: In Namibia, studies showed that HIV/AIDS affects youth, especially the under 24 years age group. At the same time the pregnancy rate is also high by age 19. Interestingly, in
Andara district several reports from staff working in the reproductive services have indicated that adolescent girls, who would seem to be taking responsibility in one sphere of their sexual lives
by protecting themselves against unwanted pregnancy, were however not using condoms to protect themselves from HIV infection. Study Aim and Objectives: To describe the knowledge, attitude and behaviour related to HIV/AIDS amongst female adolescents who are accessing the primary health care (PHC) services for contraception. Specific objectives were to describe the
knowledge of female adolescents who are accessing the PHC services for contraception about the modes of transmission and prevention of HIV/AIDS, to assess their attitude with regards to
condom use, abstinence and being faithful to one uninfected partner, also to determine the significance of association between age and knowledge, attitudes and behaviour, between their
education level and knowledge, attitudes and behaviour and the significance of association between knowledge of HIV prevention strategies and
behaviour of female adolescents accessing

PHC services for contraception in the district. Setting: The study was conducted in Andara district, North East of Namibia. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional KAB study. Sample: All female
adolescents who are accessing PHC services for contraception selected from multistage simple random sampling in 5 facilities and systematic sampling at facility level in Andara. All married
women within this age range were excluded in the study. Data collection tool: An interviewer-administered standardised questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data analysis and
Interpretations: Epi Info software 2002 was used for data analysis. The results were presented using descriptive statistics including means, 95% confidence intervals and percentages and
this information was shown in tables, bar and pie charts. Cross-tabulations of knowledge, attitude and behaviour scores against demographic variables were performed. P-values <
0.05 were

considered statistically significant. Results: 76.5% knew that unprotected sexual intercourse was the main way of getting HIV/AIDS, 77.3% knew that people could protect themselves by
abstaining from sexual intercourse and 64.5% knew that people could protect themselves by having one uninfected faithful sexual partner. Out of 192 respondents who stated that unprotected
sexual intercourse was the main way of HIV/AIDS transmission, 25.5% used condom every time they had sexual intercourse, 10.9% used condom almost every time they had sex, 41.1% used
condom sometimes and 22.4% never used condom. Older girls and those who were in higher grades at school had more knowledge that could protect them from HIV infection. Later sexual
debut is associated with increased
condom usage at sexual debut. Conclusions: The general HIV knowledge of respondents and their knowledge of how to
protect themselves from HIV infection were disappointing given that this
study was conducted in health facilities. In this study we also see that knowledge does not always translate into the appropriate behaviour. The health services need to evaluate the targeting and
effectiveness of their HIV educational messages and develop skills that will support behaviour change.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Contraceptive knowledge'

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