Journal articles: 'Contract farming'

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Areerat. "CONTRACT BROILER FARMING." American Journal of Economics and Business Administration 4, no. 3 (March 1, 2012): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajebasp.2012.166.171.

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Elifneh, Yohannes Workeaferahu. "Exploratory Analysis of Contract Farming: Evidence from Ethiopia’s Barley Contract Farming." International Journal of Engineering and Management Research 9, no. 3 (July 14, 2019): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.9.3.21.

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Chakraborty, Debashis. "Contract Farming in India." Review of Market Integration 1, no. 1 (April 2009): 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097492920900100105.

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Ruml, Anette, Catherine Ragasa, and Matin Qaim. "Contract farming, contract design and smallholder livelihoods*." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 66, no. 1 (November 26, 2021): 24–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.12462.

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Wu, Steven Y. "Adapting Contract Theory to Fit Contract Farming." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 96, no. 5 (October 2014): 1241–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aau065.

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Rachmasari Putri, Adinda Tissa, and Mohammad Rondhi. "CONTRACT FARMING AND THE EFFECT ON PRICE RISK IN BROILER FARMING." E3S Web of Conferences 142 (2020): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014205002.

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Contract farming is one of the ways in a production relationship that is carried out by at least two parties who work together for a certain unit of time arranged in a written or oral agreement. Contracts in agriculture are carried out to reduce the risks faced by both parties. There are several agriculture commodities developed under the contract farming system, one of which is broiler. Broiler are important for fulfilling animal protein. High consumption in Indonesia at 2012-2016, not supported by production and the price of broiler has large fluctuations. Large fluctuations in Jember at 2012-2016 illustrate the magnitude of the risk in broiler farming both the risk of production and price. The amount of risk borne by farmerss causes easy contract farming to be applied in broiler chicken farming. This study purpose to see: (1) The pattern of contract farmIng carried out on broiler farming; and (2) The effect of contract farming on the price risks faced by farmerss. Method of determining the research area is purposive method. The research method is carried out by descriptive and analytical. The method of data collection is by interview, observation and secondary data with the use of recapitulation of the results of farmers maintenance. Determination of respondents was conducted randomly at farmerss in Jember Regency. The results of the study show: 1) The pattern of contract farming carried out on broiler farming is a contract farming with the type of production contract; and (2) The effect of contract farming causes the risk faced by farmerss to be reduced by 39% than independently farmerss.

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Daryanto, Arief. "Contract Farming: Linking Farmers to Markets." Business and Entrepreneurial Review 6, no. 1 (October 19, 2016): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/ber.v6i1.1015.

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Contract farrning in Indonesia is a growing phenomenon. This paper examines the evolution of contract farming, and explores the incentives to engage in contract farming, preferred contract forms and contract performance from the perspective of both lndonesian farmers and contracting firms. Contract farming is characterized by a contract between a farmer and a firm that will process and/or market the farmer's crop. It has been a component of some of the most successful income generating programs for smallholder farmers; it has been a component of various schemes involving agribusiness firms. Smallholders may enter contracts to reduce transaction costs of accessing new markets, borrowing, managing risk, acquiring in formation or increasing employment opportunities. The success of contracts reflects both the contracting environment and management practices. Benefits from contracting accrue to smallholders from improved access to markets, improved technology, better management of risk and opportunities for employment of family members.

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Harish, N. "Impact of Contract Farming on Economic Status of the Farmers Practicing Contract Farming." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 7, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v7i2.652.

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This article focused on the economic impact of contract farming on respondents who are involved in contract farming. The various economic indicators of impact on contract framers are discussed. The study was conducted in two districts of Karnataka state viz., Bangalore Rural and Tumakuru. Two taluks each from each district, Tumakuru and Gubbi taluks from Tumakuru district and Nelamangala and Doddaballapura taluks from Bangalore Rural district were selected. Total three crops were selected based on simple random sampling techniques; the sample size was Gherkin 35, Tomato 35, Watermelon 10 and non-contract farmers 20 from each taluks of two districts.

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Preetinder Kaur, Preetinder Kaur. "Contract Farming: Role of Farmers and Processing Firms." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 6 (June 1, 2012): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/june2014/59.

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Bellemare, Marc F., Yu Na Lee, and Lindsey Novak. "Contract farming as partial insurance." World Development 140 (April 2021): 105274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105274.

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Bellemare, Marc F., and Lindsey Novak. "Contract Farming and Food Security." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 99, no. 2 (July 28, 2016): 357–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aaw053.

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Siallagan, Manahan, Tomy Perdana, Togar M. Simatupang, and Yuanita Handayati. "Pricing negotiation in contract farming." International Journal of Business and Globalisation 23, no. 2 (2019): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbg.2019.10024229.

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Handayati, Yuanita, Togar M. Simatupang, Tomy Perdana, and Manahan Siallagan. "Pricing negotiation in contract farming." International Journal of Business and Globalisation 23, no. 2 (2019): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbg.2019.102460.

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Jagri Binpori, Reuben, Dadson Awunyo-Vitor, and Camillus Abawiera Wongnaa. "Does contract farming improve rice farmers' food security? Empirical evidence from Ghana." World Journal of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development 18, no. 2 (March 2, 2021): 130–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjstsd-11-2020-0091.

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PurposeIn order to improve access to resources for smallholder farmers, efforts are being made to promote contract farming in Ghana. This is seen as a strategy to increase agricultural productivity of farmers, give better market access and guarantee adequate supply of raw materials to agro-based industries. However, the challenge is whether contract farming leads to improvement in food security status of farmers. The study therefore seeks to explore to what extent farmers' food security status is influenced by their participation in contract farming activities.Design/methodology/approachUsing Cragg's double-hurdle model to analyse participation in contract farming, the authors control for selection bias using propensity score matching applied to a data set of 336 observations to examine the impact of contract farming on the food security levels of rice farmers in Ghana.FindingsThe results of this study show that yield of paddy and the wealth of the farmer are the main factors that influence the quantity of paddy rice to be contracted in contract farming arrangements. This study also finds that participation in contract farming will increase food security by 109%. In conclusion, contract farming has a significant positive impact on the farmers' food security status.Originality/valueAgricultural policies and rural development initiatives supporting the promotion and expansion of contract farming should be pursued to persuade more farmers to produce under contract farming agreements.

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Hu, W. Y. "Effect of contract farming on the U.S. crop farmers’ average return." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 59, No. 5 (May 28, 2013): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/100/2012-agricecon.

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In the literature of contract farming, most of the studies focus on the functions of risk managements and reducing transaction costs. Only a few study the effect of contract farming on the productivity efficiency or profitability. Literature in the crop sector is especially lacking. In this paper, we use a unique farm-level dataset (Agricultural Resource Management Survey from the U.S. Department of Agriculture) to examine the effect of contract farming on the farmers’ average return for the corn, soybean and wheat producers. The matching estimation is used in the nature to compare the farmers’ average return with or without participating contract farming. We first run a logit model to calculate the propensity score from the farmers’ contracting decision problem. Then, use the propensity score to match farmers using the contracts and not using the contracts and compare their average returns. The empirical results show that contract farming has a positive effect on the corn and soybean producers’ average return and insignificant effect on wheat producers’.    

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Tang, Chunhua, Huiyuan Zhang, and Jiamuyan Xie. "Optimal Contract Design in Contract Farming under Asymmetric Effort Information." Sustainability 14, no. 22 (November 13, 2022): 15000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142215000.

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This paper studies the contract design, optimal financing, and pricing decision of the leading agricultural enterprise when the level of effort of the farmer is private information. We use buyer direct finance and add agricultural income insurance to transfer risks to overcome the farmer’s loan difficulty and contract default caused by information asymmetry. We design four kinds of contracts, including the uninsured and symmetric information contract (SN contract), the uninsured and asymmetric information contract (AN contract), the insured and symmetric information contract (SY contract), and the insured and asymmetric information contract (AY contract). Through comparative analysis of the different types of contracts, several results are obtained. First, when there is no insurance, supervision of the leading enterprise can improve the farmer’s level of effort; but supervision costs are incurred, and incentive contracts can avoid the farmer’s moral hazard. Second, agricultural income insurance improves the farmer’s level of effort when information is asymmetric, which transfers risks and saves costs for all the game participants. Third, the leading enterprise prefers an asymmetric information contract and the farmer prefers AN contract when the probability of loan repayment is high.

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Abbasi, Iffat Abbas, Hasbullah Ashari, Amin Jan, and Ahmad Shabudin Ariffin. "Contract Farming towards Social Business: A New Paradigm." Sustainability 13, no. 22 (November 16, 2021): 12680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132212680.

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The current paper conceptualises an innovative, sustainable social business contract farming model by blending three essential business aspects, namely, relational norms, social capital, and social business dimensions. In the case of contract farming, evidence shows that the social aspect and social business-based contract farming model are over-sighted. This study offers an efficient social business contract farming model by, first, reviewing the conventional contract farming model and, secondly, by developing and proposing a robust, multidimensional model for contract farming. This proposed framework may have profound implications for the agriculture sector and may provide a strong sustainable contract farming management guideline for the global agriculture industry.

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Akumu, J., W. Odongo, and B. Mugonola. "Determinants of contract farming for smallholder sunflower producers in northern Uganda." African Crop Science Journal 28, no. 4 (November 25, 2020): 585–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v28i4.8.

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Contract farming is a form of vertical coordination, largely aimed at correcting market failures associated with spot markets that arise due to imperfect information. The objective of this study was to assess the determinants of farmer engagement in sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) contracts in northern Uganda. Stratified random sampling was used to select 150 contracted and 150 non-contracted sunflower farmers in Oyam District, from where primary data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. A Logistic regression model was used to examine the factors that influenced farmer participation in contract farming. The major determinants of participation in contract farming by smallholder farmers were age (P<0.1), sunflower production experience (P<0.01), access to credit (P<0.01) and unit produce price (P<0.01).Collaborative efforts by all parties engaged in contracting arrangements are necessary to negotiate a minimum price with the farmers, with a possibility to re-negotiate whenever the market price is above the set price. The study pointed out that improvement in rural roads to enhance transportation of produce to mini-store is vital in driving sunflower contract farming in Oyam district. Therefore, policies aimed at improving rural roads are urgently needed.

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Abebe, Gumataw K., Jos Bijman, Ron Kemp, Onno Omta, and Admasu Tsegaye. "Contract farming configuration: Smallholders’ preferences for contract design attributes." Food Policy 40 (June 2013): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2013.01.002.

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Satish, B. Sowmya. "Contract Farming – A way to Sustainable Agriculture: A Case of Mango Contract Farming in Karnataka." SDMIMD Journal of Management 11, no. 2 (November 27, 2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/sdmimd/2020/26237.

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<p>As we are aware that contract farming in other produce like Gurkin and Mango is well established and most of the produce are having a good market in other countries. Even the Mangos which is said to be a highly cultivated in Karnataka region the market for the mango is quite complicated. The study reveals that the contract farming will enhance export potential and the likelihood of improving the social and economic condition of the mango farmers particularly the small mango cultivators. It was seen that the market for the Indian mangos that to 1.19% of exports in the world which is said to be low and most of the exports are by the large formers but according to the pilot study there are more number of small farmers who are lack of proper post harvest facilities, lack of bargaining power, lack of motivation and unable to market their produce for fair cost. The strategy to help the small farmers to go for commercialization of the mango cultivation through contract farming this will help in enhancing the living condition of the farmers and a better bargaining capacity. Moreover the contract farming will improve the good link for small and marginal farmers with private sector and exploit the potential of agro-processing sector by supply the raw commodities to agro processing industries. Hence, the title “Contract Farming – A Way to Sustainable Agriculture” further the proposed paper will recommend some of the policy measures to promote the long term sustainable partnerships and to overcome the danger of exclusion of modern supply chains.</p><h1> </h1>

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Porter, Gina, and Kevin Phillips-Howard✠. "Comparing contracts: An evaluation of contract farming schemes in Africa." World Development 25, no. 2 (February 1997): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0305-750x(96)00101-5.

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Arumugam, N., M. A. Fatimah, E. F. C. Eddie FC Chiew, and M. Zainalabidin. "Supply chain analysis of fresh fruits and vegetables (FFV): Prospects of contract farming." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 56, No. 9 (September 21, 2010): 435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/30/2009-agricecon.

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The paper examines the factors that lead farmers to participate in c the contract farming in the Peninsular Malaysia. The primary data was collected through a survey using a questionnaire on the total of two hundred and eight farmers from various states in Malaysia. The study utilizes the stratified sampling method. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The survey identified forty-one contract farmers. Factor analysis was carried out to identify the factors that lead farmers to participate in the contract farming. Based on the analysis, five factors were identified as the reasons for contracting, namely, market stability, and access to marketing information and technology, transfer of technology to improve farming practices, access to inputs and indirect benefit. Contract farming or contract arrangements can be a valuable source of an additional income and knowledge that can be employed to enhance the productivity of the entire farming enterprise.

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Meemken, Eva-Marie, and Marc F. Bellemare. "Smallholder farmers and contract farming in developing countries." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 1 (December 13, 2019): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1909501116.

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Poverty is prevalent in the small-farm sector of many developing countries. A large literature suggests that contract farming—a preharvest agreement between farmers and buyers—can facilitate smallholder market participation, improve household welfare, and promote rural development. These findings have influenced the development policy debate, but the external validity of the extant evidence is limited. Available studies typically focus on a single contract scheme or on a small geographical area in one country. We generate evidence that is generalizable beyond a particular contract scheme, crop, or country, using nationally representative survey data from 6 countries. We focus on the implications of contract farming for household income and labor demand, finding that contract farmers obtain higher incomes than their counterparts without contracts only in some countries. Contract farmers in most countries exhibit increased demand for hired labor, which suggests that contract farming stimulates employment, yet we do not find evidence of spillover effects at the community level. Our results challenge the notion that contract farming unambiguously improves welfare. We discuss why our results may diverge from previous findings and propose research designs that yield greater internal and external validity. Implications for policy and research are relevant beyond contract farming.

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Brilian Syaban Pramana, Dimas, and Mohammad Rondhi. "Analysis of contract farming pattern and income comparison of potato farmers on atlantic and granola varieties." E3S Web of Conferences 142 (2020): 05003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014205003.

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Contract farming is a practice in order to decrease the risk and uncertainty commonly done on farming. Generally, contract farming is divided into two types that are production contract and market contract. Contract farming is commonly done on the strategic and high-risk agricultural? commodities, one of them is the potato. Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a commodity with high risk. One of the contract farming done on potato commodity is a contract occurred between farmer group and PT. “KLM” in Ijen District Bondowoso Regency, East Java Province Indonesia. The writer would like to review more related to the contract farming pattern occurred and compare the potato farmers’ income following the contract farming and independent contract. This research was done from February until April 2019. Samples in this research used probability sampling on 106 potato farmers consisting of 76 farmers incorporated within contract farming and 29 farmers independently. The research results showed that contract farming intertwined was the contract farming type of market. The comparison of potato farmers income following the contract farming was lower than independent potato farmers income with the difference of IDR 4,515,417.49.

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Harish, N. "Cost and Benefit Analysis of Contract Farming." Shanlax International Journal of Economics 8, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/economics.v8i1.723.

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This article focused on cost-benefit analysis of contract farming. The cost benefit analysis includes total cost, total income and profit before and after contract farming of respondents. Total cost calculated without fixed cost and with fixed cost, profit also calculated with fixed cost and without fixed cost. Contract farming is beneficial to farmers after contract farming. The total cost should be considered without fixed cost.

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Kabungo, Arkins M., and Glenn P. Jenkins. "Contract farming risks: A quantitative assessment." South African Journal of Economics and Management Sciences 19, no. 1 (2016): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2222-3436/2016/v19n1a3.

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Kabungo, Arkins M., and Glenn P. Jenkins. "Contract farming risks: A quantitative assessment." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 19, no. 1 (March 2, 2016): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v19i1.1183.

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The objective of this study is to identify the key risks facing each of the stakeholders in the export-focused paprika value chain in Zambia. Although a deterministic cost-benefit analysis indicated that this outgrower scheme would have a very satisfactory net present value (NPV), a Monte Carlo analysis using an integrated financial–economic–stakeholder model identifies a number of risk variables that could make this system unsustainable. The major risks include the variability of the real exchange rate in Zambia; the international price of paprika; and the farm yield rates. This analysis points out that irrigation systems are very important for both stabilising and increasing yields. The analysis also shows the limitations of loan financing for such outgrower arrangements when at the sector level it is difficult or even impossible to mitigate the risks from real exchange rate movements and changes in international commodity prices. This micro-level analysis shows how critical real exchange rate management policies are in achieving sustainability of such export-oriented value chains.

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Bahari, NFN, M. Muslich Mustadjab, Nuhfil Hanani, and Bambang Ali Nugroho. "Analisis Contract Farming Usaha Ayam Broiler." Jurnal Agro Ekonomi 30, no. 2 (August 16, 2016): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jae.v30n2.2012.109-127.

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Federgruen, Awi, Upmanu Lall, and A. Serdar Şimşek. "Supply Chain Analysis of Contract Farming." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 21, no. 2 (April 2019): 361–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/msom.2018.0735.

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Patil, Kiran Kumar R., B. Chinnappa, Ganesh Prasad, K. P. Vishwajith, and G. R. Manjunatha. "Economic performance of contract broiler farming." Indian Journal of Poultry Science 52, no. 2 (2017): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8180.2017.00032.0.

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Kamikihara, Shizue. "CONTRACT FARMING IN ASO-MACHI, JAPAN." Asian Geographer 14, no. 2 (January 1995): 104–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10225706.1995.9684005.

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Wilson, John. "The Political Economy of Contract Farming." Review of Radical Political Economics 18, no. 4 (December 1986): 47–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/048661348601800403.

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Bandookwala, Nasheman, and Mala Sharma. "Avenues of Contract Farming in Gujarat : A study of Potatoes." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 1 (October 1, 2011): 31–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/jan2013/13.

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Ruzhani, Freddy, and Mushunje Abbyssinia. "Perceptions of Small-Scale Farmers on Tobacco Contract Farming: The Case of Marondera Rural District, Zimbabwe." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 14, no. 3(J) (October 17, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v14i3(j).3303.

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Small-scale farmers’ perceptions of tobacco contract farming schemes in the Marondera rural district of Zimbabwe were critically assessed in this paper. The multi-stage sampling design was used to select five wards with the highest number of tobacco contracted farmers from where 60 contract and 60 non-contract tobacco farmers were randomly selected. A 5-point Likert scale was used to rank farmers’ perceptions. The paper established that small-scale farmers in Marondera rural district strongly believe contract farming makes it possible for the majority of farmers to venture into the production of high-value crops as it provides access to the much-needed markets while reducing the risk of price fluctuations. However, the majority of the respondents believed that contract farming is not profitable and there is a manipulation of farmers in contract farming arrangements. The independent samples t-test indicated a significant difference in perception score between participants and non-participants of tobacco contract farming schemes (p<0.05). The farmers who were not participating in tobacco contract farming schemes had a more positive perception of these schemes while those who participated had a more negative perception. The major implication is that gains associated with tobacco contract arrangements are not always apparent to farmers while the disincentives may be more visible. It is therefore fundamental that contract companies address some of the shortcomings existing in these contractual arrangements as well as change the perception of the farmers to develop mutually beneficial lasting relationships with their major stakeholders.

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Sinaga, Agung, Siwi Gayatri, and Agus Subhan Prasetyo. "Facility and Technological Supports, and Information Transparancy to Improve the Success of a Contract Farming between Farmers Group and Company." Agriecobis : Journal of Agricultural Socioeconomics and Business 5, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/agriecobis.v5i1.15577.

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Contract farming is carried out to encourage the improvement of economic and social condition of farmer community so it can increase their income and achieve more equitable and sustainable development. The process of contract farming is affected by various factors, internal factors or external factors. This sudy aims to (i) describe contract farming between PT Bloom Agro and Bangkit Merbabu farmer group, (ii) describe the challenges and benefits of contract farming, and (iii) analyze the factors that effect the success of contract farming between PT Bloom Agro and Bangkit Merbabu farmer group. The research was conducted in Desa Batur, Kecamatan Getasan using the cencus method with the total population of 35 organic vegetable farmers in Bangkit Merbabu farmer group. The analysis method in this research was descriptive analysis and multiple linear regresion. The data analysis showed that the F test result of variable education, farming experience, production input, technological support and information transparancy simultaneously have a significant effect on the success of contract farming betwen PT Bloom Agro with Bangkit Merbabu farmer group. The t test result showed production input, technological support and transparancy of information individually have a significant efect on the success of contract farming. Pattern of contract farming that was applied between PT Bloom Agro and Bangkit Merbabu farmer group is a general trading contract. Covid-19 pandemic, climatic condition and limitation of education were found to be the inhibiting factors that farmers faced in the implementation of contract farming. PT Bloom Agro can provide more intensive assistance and training about contract farming to increase farmer’s knowledge and skill for sustainability of contract farming.

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Boulay, Axelle, Luca Tacconi, and Peter Kanowski. "Financial Performance of Contract Tree Farming for Smallholders: The Case of Contract Eucalypt Tree Farming in Thailand." Small-scale Forestry 12, no. 2 (February 10, 2012): 165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11842-012-9201-7.

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Zimunya, Kennedy Tapiwa, and Lighton Dube. "Technical Efficiency of Broiler Contract Growers in Chegutu District of Zimbabwe: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis." Scholars Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences 8, no. 9 (October 27, 2021): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjavs.2021.v08i09.003.

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Zimbabwe has witnessed a steady growth in broiler contract farming post the land reform programme which has brought in new players for which little is known about their level of productivity when compared to traditional commercial broiler producers. The purpose of this study was to determine the technical efficiency of broiler contract growers in Chegutu district of Zimbabwe. Specific objectives for the study were to establish socio-economic characteristics of boiler contract growers, estimate their technical efficiency and establish the determinants of technical efficiency. A population of 54 growers under one contract farming arrangement was studied. Cross sectional data was collected using a structured questionnaire and the stochastic frontier analysis was used to analyse the technical efficiencies and the determinants of technical efficiency. Broiler contract farming is dominated by male growers who constitute 72% of the contracted farmers. Significant factors influencing output were found to be batch size, feed quantity and transport cost. The broiler contract growers were found to be highly efficient with a mean technical efficiency of 97.1% ranging from 88.9%-99.6%. Grower residence on the farm and grower management of daily operations were found to significantly reduce technical inefficiency while technical inefficiency increases with grower age and key employee experience. The study recommends that there is need to expand broiler contract farming as it is highly efficient. The government must also put in place measures that encourage young smallholder farmers to venture into broiler contract farming as they are more efficient when compared to older farmers. Measures should also be put in place to encourage more female farmers to venture into broiler contract farming.

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Rantlo, AM, and M. Bohloa. "Factors influencing broiler farmers’ participation in contract farming in Lesotho." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 22, no. 114 (November 11, 2022): 21437–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.114.21050.

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Broiler production is one of the major income generating activities for small-scale broiler farmers in both urban and rural areas, but the sector is currently facing production and marketing challenges in Lesotho. Contract farming as a means for organising the commercial production of both large scale and small scale broiler farmers has been viewed as an effective solution to the sector’s challenges in the tiny southern African Mountain Kingdom. Contract farming is practiced in Lesotho but there are very few Basotho farmers practicing broiler production through contract farming and as a result, the study assessed factors influencing their participation in contractual agreements in two large districts of Lesotho which are Leribe and Maseru. One hundred and eighty (180) broiler farmers were selected using multi-stage sampling techniques and data were collected through structured interview schedule. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and binary regression model to address objectives one and two which are to describe contract farming arrangements that broiler farmers have with agro firms and to identify factors influencing broiler farmers’ participation in contract farming in Lesotho respectively in this study. Descriptive results showed that broiler farmers (45%) participated in contract farming, while 55% participated in non-contract farming. Empirical results of the binary regression model revealed that broiler flock size (β=1.720, P<0.05), farming experience (β=0.784, P<0.05), farmer group/association membership (β=1.031, P<0.05), access to marketing infrastructure (β=0.699, P<0.05), access to extension services (β=1.950, P<0.05) and knowledge of grades and standards (β=1.600, P<0.05) influence participation in contract farming in Lesotho. Based on the findings, it is concluded that socio-economic, institutional and technical factors influence participation in contract farming which proves to be an efficient mechanism for production and marketing of agricultural products in the value chain in Lesotho. It is recommended that these factors be taken into consideration by national policy making authorities in the design and development of effective marketing structure for the products of broiler farmers in the country. Key words: contract farming, participation, broiler farmers, factors, binary regression, influence

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Rosanti, Novi, Bonar M. Sinaga, Arief Daryanto, and Ketut Kariyasa. "Dampak Contract Farming terhadap Kinerja Usahatani Kopi di Lampung." AGRIEKONOMIKA 9, no. 2 (December 18, 2020): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/agriekonomika.v9i2.8789.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak contract farming terhadap kinerja usahatani kopi di Lampung. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Lampung Barat dan Tanggamus yang merupakan sentra produksi kopi di Lampung. Survei rumahtangga petani dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai Juni 2018. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 170 responden yang terdiri dari 98 petani kontrakdan72 petani non kontrak. Penelitian ini mengestimasi dampak contract farming menggunakan teknik Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa contract farming berdampak positif terhadap produktivitas, harga, dan pendapatan usahatani kopi. Mempromosikan dan mendorong penyebaran contract farming secara lebih luas dapat menjadi salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan produktivitas kopi nasional, daya saing dan kesejahteraan petani.

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Hoang, Viet. "Impact of Contract Farming on Farmers’ Income in the Food Value Chain: A Theoretical Analysis and Empirical Study in Vietnam." Agriculture 11, no. 8 (August 21, 2021): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11080797.

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This study empirically analyzes the influence of contract farming on income and farming difficulties in Vietnam by using the econometric models and theoretically identifying the affecting mechanism of contract farming on income, sustainability, and welfare by using the qualitative method. The empirical results show that contract farming insignificantly impacts farms’ income while it can facilitate farming activities and decrease difficulties. The factors of education—head, gender of head, type of crop, and technology may affect farmers’ income. The impacting mechanism of contract farming on income, sustainability, and welfare is theoretically proposed as follows: Contract farming initially impacts the intermediate factors such as cooperative, market access, knowledge and skill, product quality, technology, and support. These factors then affect capacity, linkage, quality, and certification which can enhance farmers’ competitiveness. In the long term, stronger competitiveness, higher price, increasing productivity, and lower cost may significantly improve income, sustainability, and welfare. In general, contract farming may have positive impacts on income, sustainability, and welfare in the medium term and long term. In the short term, the result is not significant due to the similar or lower price comparing with the spot market price, growing production cost, decreasing productivity, and weak contract performance. The findings may help policymakers decide how to expand contract farming and its benefits. Economic scholars can test and compare both quantitative and qualitative findings in other contexts.

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장영진. "Research Trends and Problems Regarding Contract Farming." Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea 19, no. 3 (September 2016): 535–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.23841/egsk.2016.19.3.535.

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Shepherd, Andrew. "Contract farming for biofuels: a literature review." Food Chain 3, no. 3 (October 2013): 186–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/2046-1887.2013.017.

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Shi, Zhanwen, and Erbao Cao. "Risk pooling cooperative games in contract farming." Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie 69, no. 1 (January 19, 2021): 117–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cjag.12263.

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Miglani, Varun. "Data Gaps on Contract Farming in India." Artha Vijnana: Journal of The Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics 58, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.21648/arthavij/2016/v58/i3/147832.

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Otsuka, Keijiro, Yuko Nakano, and Kazushi Takahashi. "Contract Farming in Developed and Developing Countries." Annual Review of Resource Economics 8, no. 1 (October 5, 2016): 353–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100815-095459.

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Faizi, Amir Afaque Ahmad, and Tamanna Maqbool Shah. "Contract Farming and Gender Relations in India." Journal of Land and Rural Studies 2, no. 2 (July 2014): 191–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2321024914534041.

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Raju, S. Surapa. "Political Economy of Contract Farming in India." Social Change 36, no. 4 (December 2006): 153–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004908570603600413.

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Bellemare, Marc F., and Jeffrey R. Bloem. "Does contract farming improve welfare? A review." World Development 112 (December 2018): 259–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.08.018.

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Hank, Imelda Ivana, and Sony Heru Priyanto. "EKSPLORASI CONTRACT FARMING DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI." Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian 14, no. 3 (October 21, 2018): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/jsep.v14i3.5535.

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Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yaitu mengulas secara detail makna atau fenomena yang telah ada di lapangan. Pemilihan informan pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan tiga (3) informan yang memiliki peran penting dan mengetahui secara lengkap kegiatan kemitraan yang dijalankan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) mengetahui jenis kontrak, (2) Mengetahui isi kontrak, (3) Mengetahui proses pelaksanaan kontrak dan (4) Mengetahui manfaat contract farming bagi petani. Penelitian ini dilakukan di tiga (3) daerah di Provinsi Jawa Tengah yaitu Kec. Ngablak, Kec. Getasan, dan Desa Kledung, Temanggung. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu petani di lapangan sudah mulai melakukan kemitraan dengan jenis kontrak yang berbeda yaitu kontrak tertulis berupa kontrak pemasaran denan menggunakan MoU dan perjanjian lisan yang dilakukan menggunakan sistem hutang dan pendampingan. Petani merasakan manfaat yang nyata dengan melaksanakan kegiatan contract farming karena petani menjadi prioritas, dapat menentukan harga sesuai kualitas, meningkatnya pendapatan petani, harga yang lebih unggul daripada petani non-mitra. Kata kunci : kemitraan; jenis kontrak; isi kontrak; manfaat; contract farming.

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Raynolds, Laura. "Negotiating Contract Farming in the Dominican Republic." Human Organization 59, no. 4 (December 2000): 441–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/humo.59.4.464j7g347ru3jp15.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Contract farming'

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