Relevant bibliographies by topics / Contract templates

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Contract templates'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 24 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Contract templates"

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Zhu, Yue. "Design and Application of Legally Valid Payment Templates Based on Linking Contracts." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2022 (July 18, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1331237.

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Smart contracts are widely employed in many industries as a result of the high-quality development of science and economic technology, as well as the introduction of blockchain, which can automatically conduct retrieval, verification, and payment tasks. Smart contracts as an emerging topic, particularly the study of smart legal contracts, must remain forward-looking, and the smart contract sector cannot wait for the legal status of smart contracts to be resolved before advancing. The relative lag of the law becomes unavoidable due to the unassembled and unpredictable character of the law and thus its legislation. In this paper, we explore the incorporation of smart contracts into the scope of legal regulation, the construction of a series of systems for smart contracts, and the prognosis of smart contracts in terms of contract logic, arbitration process, and formal verification from the current law. Furthermore, a smart contract payment template based on semantic-aware graph neural networks is proposed to address the traditional smart contract vulnerability detection payment template method’s low detection accuracy and high false alarm rate, as well as the neural network-based method’s insufficient mining of bytecode-level smart contract features. Experiments comparing the method described in this research to comparable methods reveal that the strategy proposed in this study improves all types of indicators significantly.
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Mucha-Kujawa, Joanna. "Standaryzacja umów jako przejaw publicyzacji prawa prywatnego." Studia Prawnicze, no. 5 (December 31, 2018): 47–82. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6241547.

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The ongoing civilization changes have an overwhelming impact on contract law. The transformations of domestic private law cause a reevaluation in the continental (positivist) sphere of legal thought. This applies in particular to legal structures that protect individual interests. This state of affairs is mainly influenced by Anglo-Saxon origin’s institutions, which introduce pragmatism into continental, including domestic, private law, in the form of, inter alia, widespread use of contracts by accession (in the form of regulations, templates, etc.) and the so-called economic analysis of law, emphasizing the economic effectiveness of legal regulations (economization of law). In practice, this means the emergence of a new European legal culture, which essence is the abandonment of formal and dogmatic structures in favour of pragmatic and flexible formulas (‘adherence to reality’) and the growing importance of the law-making role of courts.
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Feuer, Matt, Scott Glick, and Caroline M. Clevenger. "Benefits of owner mandated CM/GC contract amendment templates." Journal of Facilities Management 13, no. 3 (2015): 282–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfm-03-2014-0009.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how implementing a standardized/owner-mandated template for Construction Manager/General Contractor (CM/GC) contract amendments can minimize errors. The focus is on public owners who manage multiple CM/GC projects at any one time. Design/methodology/approach – A case study format was used to compare contract amendments errors using a baseline project, transition project and best practices project. Six metrics were identified, including factual recital errors, summary formatting errors, schedule of values errors, construction services fee errors, allowance schedule errors and data consistency errors. Findings – The baseline and transition projects both had an average of seven errors per amendment, while the best practices project produced zero errors. The amendment template creation process helped design out common errors. The use of the template can be contract-mandated, while transition projects require owner commitment. Research limitations/implications – Future research should focus on completed projects’ closeout data that have been consolidated since the transition project was in its final stage and the best practices project was relatively early in the construction process. Practical implications – The findings of this research indicate that by implementing a mature owner-mandated CM/GC contract amendment template, owners can greatly reduce errors that arise during the amendment process. It should be noted, however, that challenges will most likely occur during the implementation phase. Originality/value – No similar studies were found and the results of the research informs Facilities Management departments that they can significantly reduce errors by utilizing a mature, owner-mandated template for CM/GC contract amendments.
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Gec, Sandi, Vlado Stankovski, Dejan Lavbič, and Petar Kochovski. "A Recommender System for Robust Smart Contract Template Classification." Sensors 23, no. 2 (2023): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020639.

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IoT environments are becoming increasingly heterogeneous in terms of their distributions and included entities by collaboratively involving not only data centers known from Cloud computing but also the different types of third-party entities that can provide computing resources. To transparently provide such resources and facilitate trust between the involved entities, it is necessary to develop and implement smart contracts. However, when developing smart contracts, developers face many challenges and concerns, such as security, contracts’ correctness, a lack of documentation and/or design patterns, and others. To address this problem, we propose a new recommender system to facilitate the development and implementation of low-cost EVM-enabled smart contracts. The recommender system’s algorithm provides the smart contract developer with smart contract templates that match their requirements and that are relevant to the typology of the fog architecture. It mainly relies on OpenZeppelin, a modular, reusable, and secure smart contract library that we use when classifying the smart contracts. The evaluation results indicate that by using our solution, the smart contracts’ development times are overall reduced. Moreover, such smart contracts are sustainable for fog-computing IoT environments and applications in low-cost EVM-based ledgers. The recommender system has been successfully implemented in the ONTOCHAIN ecosystem, thus presenting its applicability.
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Klementiev, A. Р. "Over-the-Counter Derivative Financial Instrument as an International Commercial Contract." Moscow Journal of International Law, no. 1 (April 2, 2025): 171–82. https://doi.org/10.24833/0869-0049-2025-1-171-182.

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INTRODUCTION. Derivative financial instruments (derivatives) are in high demand in international commercial turnover. Although the economic and legal literature presents the point of view that derivatives can exist in the form of securities, the most common is the contractual approach to derivatives. According to this approach, derivatives are commercial contracts, the value of which depends on a certain variable known as the underlying or base asset. In some cases, derivative contracts have cross-border nature and thus they can be viewed as international commercial contracts. Despite the existence of Russian-language derivatives studies published by Russian legal scholars, derivative financial instruments are usually considered in domestic rather than international context. In the present publication, the author makes an attempt to fix this gap and analyzes transactions with derivatives as international commercial contracts accompanying cross-border movement of goods and services. The main emphasis in the article is made on standard templates used by the parties to contracts that are derivative financial instruments.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The author used 2002 ISDA Master Agreement as a basic source for the present article. This agreement is the most recent version of a standard framework contract for derivatives trading in international financial markets. The methodological base of the publication is represented by general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction) as well as specific legal research methods. In particular, formal legal method was employed for the literal interpretation of the provisions of the standard documentation, while historical method was invoked to describe the evolution of standard derivative market templates. Apart from that the author employed statistical methods to evaluate the volume of derivatives market and the place that standard contracts have in over-the-counter derivatives trading.RESEARCH RESULTS. The article claims and proves that over-the-counter derivative transactions can be defined as international commercial contracts that fall under the scope of international private law. Over-the-counter derivatives transactions are concluded based on standard templates containing provisions related to dispute resolution and applicable law. The research made covered such issues as contractual parties, the form of cross-border derivative transaction, the contents of the contract as well as the liability following the breach of contractual obligations. The key feature of these agreements is the possibility of early termination through close-out netting. Another feature is the flexibility when concluding transactions as they may be entered into orally while the failure to deliver a formal document evidencing the terms of the trade does not lead to the invalidity of the transaction itself.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. The author comes to conclusion that ISDA standard templates are widely used in international trade. This fact is evidenced by case law as all doctrinal sources. However following the introduction of unilateral restrictive measures adopted by foreign states, the ISDA role in contractual regulation of derivative trading will decrease due to their unavailability to Russian parties.
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Abdulraoof, Sabah Erees. "The Role of Custom In Contract Interpretation: A Comparative Study." Akkad Journal Of Law And Public Policy 1, no. 2 (2022): 54–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.55202/ajlpp.v1i2.67.

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Custom serves various purposes within the context of contracts, as evidenced by the fact that the contract's content must be carefully stated since this content is decided by the contracting parties' phrases expressing their shared intent. Occasionally, the terms are ambiguous and must be interpreted by the court. Custom is one of the aspects that assist in resolving this uncertainty by showing the meaning of words and acts and their signals of the genuine intents and objectives demonstrated. The contracting parties made extensive use of the text's hints and evidence, but this is without pardon for adhering to the literal look of the term because viewing words as flexible templates would bring out the essence of the meaning they convey. Thus, it is unsurprising that the purpose of the terms varies according to events and conditions. Thus custom is an essential tool for assisting the judge in ascertaining the contractors' true intentions to identify the term's meaning in the contract.
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Moffett, Peter, Cedric Lefebvre, and Kelly Williamson. "Standardized Letters of Concern and Remediation Contracts: Templates for Program Directors." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 11, no. 5 (2019): 606–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-19-00065.1.

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ABSTRACT Background Remediation of the struggling resident is a universal phenomenon, and the majority of program directors will remediate at least 1 resident during their tenure. Objective The goal of this project was to create a standardized template for program directors to use at all stages of remediation. Methods Between 2017 and 2018, the Council of Residency Directors in Emergency Medicine (CORD-EM) Remediation Committee searched for best practices in the medical literature and compiled a survey that was e-mailed to the CORD-EM listserv. After reviewing all information, a standardized remediation contract was created, reviewed by legal counsel, and distributed to members. Results Forty-two percent (110 of 263) of program directors or assistant program directors on the CORD-EM listserv answered the initial survey and provided guidance on current remediation practices. The committee created formal and informal standard remediation contracts as both fillable templates and alterable documents. These were reviewed by CORD-EM general legal counsel and approved by the CORD-EM Board of Directors for distribution. The project took approximately 20 hours to complete over 8 months and involved a cost of $480 for legal fees. Conclusions With program director input and legal counsel review, the CORD-EM Remediation Committee produced standardized remediation contracts, which can be used by all emergency medicine programs after comparison to local institutional policy and local legal review. This process was feasible and can be replicated by other specialties.
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Zhu, Ying, and Iain Campbell. "Individual Labour Contracts in People's Republic of China Enterprises." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 18, Issue 1 (2002): 5–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/405334.

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Individual labour contracts have been widely introduced within enterprises in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Their development and generalisation have been a key element in a more general project of economic reform, aimed at replacing the traditional system of employment relations with a new system consonant with the notion of a 'socialist market economy'. This paper draws on fieldwork research conducted in mid-1999, including interviews with managers in seven enterprises in Beijing, Shanghai and Zhejiang provinces, in order to examine the practice of the labour contract system at the enterprise level. It focuses on the extent and significance of the varied forms of labour contract, their content, how they are negotiated and used at enterprise level, and their impact on employment relations. Labour contracts are designed by management in accordance with statutory requirements and templates supplied by the local Labour Bureaus. Our research confirms that labour contracts are indeed widespread. However, it also suggests that the form of the labour contract provides few clues to the practice within the enterprise. This undercuts the expectations — whether in hope or fear — that the labour contracts might be used as a lever for re-defining rights and benefits at the enterprise level.
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Qiu, Zhihui, Ji Zhao, Yi Xu, Yuze Ma, Huisheng Zhou, and Bofu Ai. "Geotechnical Project Contract Management System." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 8, no. 2 (2023): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v8i2.6869.

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The contract management system is based on information technology and uses the advanced management ideas of modern enterprises to provide enterprises with all-round and systematic decision-making, planning, control and business performance evaluation of contract management platforms. With the advancement of science and technology, a perfect contract management system has become an important symbol of the healthy operation of the company. However, contract management can not be fully operated in most companies, and improving contract management requires the support of company resources, so how to adjust the contract management completely and scientifically is a major problem. Adhering to the tenet of "serving small and medium-sized enterprises", "Contract Management Expert CMExpert" has been successfully researched and developed, effectively solving the contradiction between simple and powerful and powerful, which provides nearly 100 contract templates, perfect combination of WORD, EXCEL, ACCESS SOFTWARE, CAN IMPORT THE PREVIOUS WORD FORMAT CONTRACT INTO THE SYSTEM, PROTECT THE USER'S INVESTMENT, SO THAT HALF AN HOUR CAN BE USED SMOOTHLY. Combined with the actual situation of various companies in China, the contract management system integrates financial management and project management into contract management, truly showing the purpose of optimizing the company's resources; The automatic contract settlement reminder effectively protects the company's capital operation security; The statistics function enables dragging and dropping fields to achieve different statistics, which really simplifies the tedious statistical process and is very efficient. This system combines the existing contract management, makes some of our adjustments, and can be well applied to some enterprise companies.
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Sinha, Deepankar, and Shuvo Roy Chowdhury. "Blockchain-based smart contract for international business – a framework." Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing 14, no. 1 (2021): 224–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgoss-06-2020-0031.

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Purpose Cross border trade, involving different business environments between the sellers’ and buyers’ countries, may result in conflicts because of asymmetry in the information structure across the borders. The International Chambers of Commerce (ICC) has laid down ground rules on terms of shipment and payment, enabling harmonization and standardization of business process, and fixing of responsibilities for international trade. The international commercial (INCO) terms by ICC define the duties, obligations and cost borne by the exporter and the importer. An exporter’s uncertainty looms once the goods cross his/her border. Therefore, there is a need for a smart contract that is secured, transparent, legitimate and trustworthy. The authors propose a blockchain technology-based smart global contract (BTGC) framework for international trade. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors develop the framework based on value chain analysis (VCA) of international trade and an ontology-driven-blockchain-design approach. The paper analyzes the sequence of activities in the value chain of global trade, the terms of the contract, the data structure templates, the validation rules and the points-of-failure, and proposes the smart contract blockchain structure. Findings This paper proposes the BTGC framework considering the INCO terms 2020; it provides the validation rules and the probability of failures; and identifies the elements that cause the halting of contracts and conditions of creation of side blockchains. The framework also includes the governance of the BTGC system. Research limitations/implications The proposed framework not only has implications at the firm level as it automates and secures a global sale contract but also is expected to harmonize the global-trade process as well. The developers may use the attributes, data structure templates and the rules identified in this paper for developing the GC software. Future research may consider using case analysis, class diagrams and the related steps for developing the blockchain software. Originality/value This paper proposes a complete value chain of global contract (GC) concerning exports, an ontology of GC and a blockchain-based smart-contract framework based on global standards. Besides, it specifies the elements of fraud (such as the non-integration of side chains) and uncertainty, i.e. the probability of failures. Such a framework will harmonize the global-trade process and build an international standards for smart GC based on blockchain technology (ISSGCBT), which is not yet done.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Contract templates"

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Sharma, Saloni. "The effect of L-dopa on contrast sensitivity in normal subjects using functional magnetic resonance imaging." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2973.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 101 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-99).
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Schrider, Christina Da-Wann. "Histogram-based template matching object detection in images with varying brightness and contrast." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1224044521.

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Ye, Youqing. "Gadolinium Endohedral Metallofullerenes for Future Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/47781.

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Gadolinium endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs) have shown the potential to become next generation magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents due to their significantly improved efficiency and safety, as well as multi-day body retention which allows for a longer surgery and observation compared to current contrast agents. In Chapter 1, I have reviewed the development of gadolinium EMF based MRI contrast agents. In Chapter 2, I have described my study of Gd3N@C80 and Gd3N@C84 metallofullerenols as next generation MRI contrast agents. The metallofullerenols are synthesized and characterized utilizing UV-vis, IR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). In addition, relaxivity data were obtained for the two metallofullerenes, and the results showed that Gd3N@C84 metallofullerenol had enhanced relaxivity compared to Gd3N@C80 metallofullerenol. This result is consistent with the observation of magnetic resonance images of the samples at different concentrations. The enhanced relaxivity was attributed to the special "egg shape" of the Gd3N@C84 cage. In Chapter 3, I have described the relaxivity study of Gd3N@C80 (without functionalization) in oleic acid, which could be used as an MRI contrast agent for more hydrophobic bioenvironments. The results show that Gd3N@C80 has a reasonable relaxation effect (relaxivity ~10 mM-1S-1 at 1.4 T) in oleic acid and could be a viable contrast agent even without functionalization. In Chapter 4, I have discussed the outlook of gadolinium EMF-based MRI contrast agents and suggested several directions for future work.<br>Master of Science
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Casero, Cañas Ramón. "Left ventricle functional analysis in 2D+t contrast echocardiography within an atlas-based deformable template model framework." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b17b3670-551d-4549-8f10-d977295c1857.

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This biomedical engineering thesis explores the opportunities and challenges of 2D+t contrast echocardiography for left ventricle functional analysis, both clinically and within a computer vision atlas-based deformable template model framework. A database was created for the experiments in this thesis, with 21 studies of contrast Dobutamine Stress Echo, in all 4 principal planes. The database includes clinical variables, human expert hand-traced myocardial contours and visual scoring. First the problem is studied from a clinical perspective. Quantification of endocardial global and local function using standard measures shows expected values and agreement with human expert visual scoring, but the results are less reliable for myocardial thickening. Next, the problem of segmenting the endocardium with a computer is posed in a standard landmark and atlas-based deformable template model framework. The underlying assumption is that these models can emulate human experts in terms of integrating previous knowledge about the anatomy and physiology with three sources of information from the image: texture, geometry and kinetics. Probabilistic atlases of contrast echocardiography are computed, while noting from histograms at selected anatomical locations that modelling texture with just mean intensity values may be too naive. Intensity analysis together with the clinical results above suggest that lack of external boundary definition may preclude this imaging technique for appropriate measuring of myocardial thickening, while endocardial boundary definition is appropriate for evaluation of wall motion. Geometry is presented in a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) context, highlighting issues about Gaussianity, the correlation and covariance matrices with respect to physiology, and analysing different measures of dimensionality. A popular extension of deformable models ---Active Appearance Models (AAMs)--- is then studied in depth. Contrary to common wisdom, it is contended that using a PCA texture space instead of a fixed atlas is detrimental to segmentation, and that PCA models are not convenient for texture modelling. To integrate kinetics, a novel spatio-temporal model of cardiac contours is proposed. The new explicit model does not require frame interpolation, and it is compared to previous implicit models in terms of approximation error when the shape vector changes from frame to frame or remains constant throughout the cardiac cycle. Finally, the 2D+t atlas-based deformable model segmentation problem is formulated and solved with a gradient descent approach. Experiments using the similarity transformation suggest that segmentation of the whole cardiac volume outperforms segmentation of individual frames. A relatively new approach ---the inverse compositional algorithm--- is shown to decrease running times of the classic Lucas-Kanade algorithm by a factor of 20 to 25, to values that are within real-time processing reach.
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Toth, Kalman. "(Endo)fullerene functionalization : from material science to biomedical applications." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAE021/document.

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Nous avons synthétisé différentes dyades donneurs-accepteurs (D-A) π-conjuguées à base de fullerène pour des applications photovoltaïques dans lesquelles les unités D étaient soit des oligophenylenevinylenes (OPV) soit des oligophenyleneethynylene (OPE) et les unités A étaient le C60 ou un endofullerène du type Y3N@C80. Il y avait une exigence supplémentaire pour nos matériaux, à savoir qu’ils devaient s’auto-organiser en phases liquides-cristallines. Pour ce faire, toutes les unités D contenaient un promoteur mésogène afin d'induire le mésomorphisme de la dyade D- et donc de contrôler la morphologie des couches minces nécessaires à l’élaboraiton des cellules photovoltaïques grâce à une organisation supramoléculaire. En dehors de cela, nous avons étudié l’influence de la nature chimique du donneur (par exemple lyophile ou amphiphile), de la longueur des oligomères et de la multiaddition sur les propriétés photophysiques et sur l'auto-assemblage. Nous avons synthétisé une dyade OPE-Y3N@C80 qui est le premier dérive mésomorphe et photosensible de ce type de métallofullerène endohédral<br>We have synthesized different π-conjugated system-fullerene dyads for photovoltaic applications, where the donor units were either oligophenylenevinylene (OPV) or oligophenyleneethynylene (OPE) derivatives and for the acceptor, C60 or Y3N@C80 was used. There was an additional requirement for our materials: liquid crystallinity. All the donor units contained a mesogenic promoter in order to induce mesomorphism in the D-A dyad and to control the morphology of the prepared film through supramolecular organization. Apart from that, we investigated the effect of the chemical nature of the donor moiety (ie. lyophilic or amphiphilic), the oligomeric length and multiaddition on the photophysical properties and on the self-assembly. We have synthesized an OPE-Y3N@C80 dyad which is the first trimetallic nitride template endohedral metallofullerene derivative with mesomorphic and photoactive properties
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Zhang, Jianyuan. "Yttrium, Gadolinium, and Lutetium Based Endohedral Metallofullerenes: From Synthesis to Application." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/25290.

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Endohedral metalofullerenes (EMFs) have emerged as an important class of nanomaterials with vast promise in applications of molecular devices and nanomedicines. This dissertation addresses the EMF research span from synthesis to application, with an emphasis of work on trimetallic nitride template (TNT) EMF and carbide clusterfullerenes (CCFs). As a general introduction, chapter 1 reviews the main literature in TNT EMF studies. Also key works in CCF area are highlighted to show the common feature and uniqueness of this class of EMF in comparison with other EMFs. In the last part of the chapter a list of milestone progress in EMF area has been summarized. Chapter 2 is devoted to the synthetic work on EMFs. Especially, for isotopic modification, the trial and actual EMF syntheses in efforts to introduce 13C, 89Y and 177Lu are described. The next three chapters address the structural characterization of EMFs. Chapter 3 focuses on structural studies of CCFs. With detailed interpretation of 13C NMR and DFT computational results for selected members of the Y2C2@C2n family, the influence of fullerene cage on the size and shape of the yttrium carbide cluster (Y2C2)4+ is investigated. It has also been established that the carbide cluster prefers a linear shape in sufficiently large fullerene cages but adopts a compressed butterfly shape in smaller cages where space is constrained. Chapter 4 presents a systemic examination of dipole moments in TNT EMFs. The first 13C NMR study of M3N@C2(22010)-C78 is achieved on Y3N@C2(22010)-C78. In addition, dipole moments of the M3N@C2n (n=39-44) family are probed by interpretation of chromatographic retention behavior, DFT computational results and single-crystal data. It has been found that TNT EMFs with pentalene motifs exhibit enhanced dipole moments due to the cluster-cage interplay. Chapter 5 provides full characterization of the M2C2@C1(51383)-C84 (M=Y, Gd) molecule, which contains the first example of an asymmetric fullerene cage with fused pentagons. Furthermore, it is suggested that the C1(51383)-C84 cage is capable of a cascade of rearrangements into high symmetry and stable fullerene cages via well-established mechanistic steps, namely, extrusion of C2 units from pentalene or indene motifs and Stone-Wales transformations. As an important intermediate in the formation of high symmetry fullerene cages, the C1(51383)-C84 represents a missing link that implies the "top-down" fullerene formation mechanism. Chapter 6 describes the endeavor to functionalize two exotic EMFs, the room-temperature radical heterometallofullerene Gd2@C79N, and the egg-shaped TNT EMF Gd3N@C84. The reactivity of Gd2@C79N is directly compared to Y2@C79N, Gd3N@C80 and Sc3N@C80 in two reactions and the paramagnetic Gd2@C79N is proven to be very inert toward many known common fullerene cage reactions. Eventually both EMFs have been successfully functionalized via the Bingel reaction, and the derivatives are characterized with HPLC and mass-spectrometry. Chapter 7 compares the effective magnetic moment of Gd3N@C80 and Gd3N@C84, together with the previously reported Gd@C82. The magnetic moment has a second-order contribution to the T1 relaxivity and thereby is an important factor to evaluate an EMF's value in application as MRI contrast agents. Furthermore the influence of cluster motion to magnetic behavior in TNT EMF is discussed.<br>Ph. D.
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López, Guillermo Ángel Pérez. "AFORAPRO: reconhecimento de objetos invariante sob transformações afins." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3142/tde-31052011-155411/.

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Reconhecimento de objetos é uma aplicação básica da área de processamento de imagens e visão computacional. O procedimento comum do reconhecimento consiste em achar ocorrências de uma imagem modelo numa outra imagem a ser analisada. Consequentemente, se as imagens apresentarem mudanças no ponto de vista da câmera o algoritmo normalmente falha. A invariância a pontos de vista é uma qualidade que permite reconhecer um objeto, mesmo que este apresente distorções resultantes de uma transformação em perspectiva causada pela mudança do ponto de vista. Uma abordagem baseada na simulação de pontos de vista, chamada ASIFT, tem sido recentemente proposta no entorno desta problemática. O ASIFT é invariante a pontos de vista, no entanto falha na presença de padrões repetitivos e baixo contraste. O objetivo de nosso trabalho é utilizar uma variante da técnica de simulação de pontos de vista em combinação com a técnica de extração dos coeficientes de Fourier de projeções radiais e circulares (FORAPRO), para propor um algoritmo invariante a pontos de vista, e robusto a padrões repetitivos e baixo contraste. De maneira geral, a nossa proposta resume-se nas seguintes fases: (a) Distorcemos a imagem, variando os parâmetros de inclinação e rotação da câmera, para gerar alguns modelos e conseguir a invariância a deformações em perspectiva, (b) utilizamos cada como modelo a ser procurado na imagem, para escolher o que melhor case, (c) realizamos o casamento de padrões. As duas últimas fases do processo baseiam-se em características invariantes por rotação, escala, brilho e contraste extraídas pelos coeficientes de Fourier. Nossa proposta, que chamamos AFORAPRO, foi testada com 350 imagens que continham diversidade nos requerimentos, e demonstrou ser invariante a pontos de vista e ter ótimo desempenho na presença de padrões repetitivos e baixo contraste.<br>Object recognition is a basic application from the domain of image processing and computer vision. The common process recognition consists of finding occurrences of an image query in another image to be analyzed A. Consequently, if the images changes viewpoint in the camera it will normally result in the algorithm failure. The invariance viewpoints are qualities that permit recognition of an object, even if this present distortion resultant of a transformation of perspective is caused by the change in viewpoint. An approach based on viewpoint simulation, called ASIFT, has recently been proposed surrounding this issue. The ASIFT algorithm is invariant viewpoints; however there are flaws in the presence of repetitive patterns and low contrast. The objective of our work is to use a variant of this technique of viewpoint simulating, in combination with the technique of extraction of the Coefficients of Fourier Projections Radials and Circulars (FORAPRO), and to propose an algorithm of invariant viewpoints and robust repetitive patterns and low contrast. In general, our proposal summarizes the following stages: (a) We distort the image, varying the parameters of inclination and rotation of the camera, to produce some models and achieve perspective invariance deformation, (b) use as the model to be search in the image, to choose the that match best, (c) realize the template matching. The two last stages of process are based on invariant features by images rotation, scale, brightness and contrast extracted by Fourier coefficients. Our approach, that we call AFORAPRO, was tested with 350 images that contained diversity in applications, and demonstrated to have invariant viewpoints, and to have excellent performance in the presence of patterns repetitive and low contrast.
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Spejchal, Luděk. "Optimalizace sourcingu v konkrétní frimě." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10357.

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The aim of this diploma thesis is a detailed view of a process and way of managing all the sourcing activities in the company Thermo Fischer Scientific. The focus (of my work) is a czech site of mentioned company situated in Mukařov, which, apart from production itself, is engaged also in sourcing for its own needs (where in most cases it has a decision power in its own hands) as well as for the whole company in the global measure (where it operates just as an intermediate searching for possible business partners, without any powers of decision). The main contribution of my work lies in the comparison of both of these variations and detailed investigation and description of all the activities that could help to optimize the global sourcing. I found out that entire optimizations are based on communication improvements among all the sourcing managers and technologists within the global corporation. On the basis of this fact I have projected models of documents the sourcing managers should work with, suppliers database and an information server. The result of my work is a process scheme which should contribute to the outsourced projects optimization.
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chen, Yi-Huei, and 陳怡慧. "Preparation of Novel Ultrasound Contrast Agents UsingSilicon Dioxide Nanoparticles as Templates." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19255045590994955816.

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碩士<br>中原大學<br>生物醫學工程研究所<br>99<br>Ultrasound contrast agents have enhanced the ultrasound echoic characteristics because of the large acoustic impedance between the contrast agent and human soft tissues. At moderate excitation pressures they exhibit a non-linear response which enables their scattered signal to be clearly distinguished from tissue. Currently, two main approaches are used for synthesizing ultrasound contrast agent, including ultrasonic emulsification as well as high shear emulsification. According to the previous report, contrast agents with size ranging from 1~10um may lead to pulmonary microvascular embolization. When the particle size is down to the range between 50 and 200nm, it would have the long circulatory time in biological system, preventing the liver absorption and renal excretion. In this study, we introduced a novel nanoscale contrast agents synthesized by using SiO2 nanoparticles as a template. The SiO2 nanoparticles (diameterav=130nm, PDI=0.046) were coated emulsifier PEG40S and surfactant didecyldimethylammonium bromide to form lipid bilayer structure. Hollow capsules were obtained by subsequently removing silica cores in hydrofluoric acid/ammonium fluoride solution. These ultrasound contrast agents showed a rather narrow size distribution (diameterav=150nm, PDI=0.268) after dialysis and freeze-drying. And the nanobubbles are stable and can enhance the contrast under continually ultrasound exposure for 30 minutes. And the MTT test showed better biocompatibility between cell coculture with nanobubbles. The ultrasound contrast agents were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ion selective electrodes (ISEs) and diagnostic doppler ultrasound system. Based on the current reports and previous breakthrough finding from other groups, we believe the nano-sized ultrasound contrast agent will offer many great potential application to medical ultrasound research.
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McIlhagga, William H., and A. Paakkonen. "Effects of contrast and length on vernier acuity explained with noisy templates." 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/2743.

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No<br>Vernier acuity depends on the integration of information from multiple photoreceptors. For this reason, vernier acuity thresholds ought to exhibit effects of stimulus size and contrast analogous to those that occur in area summation experiments. In this paper, we consider some area and contrast effects found in vernier acuity experiments, and explain them with a model of detection and discrimination which we call the Noisy Template model. The Noisy Template model assumes that psychophysical tasks are performed (or can be approximated) by cross-correlation of the stimulus with a decision template which is optimal for the task at hand. The Noisy Template model crucially adds the assumption that the template contains noise. This yields inefficiency in the decision process which increases with stimulus size and contrast. Predictions of the Noisy Template model are derived for the case of vernier acuity, and compared with existing experiments.
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Books on the topic "Contract templates"

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United States. Bonneville Power Administration. Marketing, Conservation and Production Group. Contract Support Services. Administrator's record of decision: Templates (new power sales contracts) and amendatory agreement no. 7. Bonneville Power Administration, 1996.

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Carol, Smith. Homeowner manual: A template for home builders. 2nd ed. Home Builder Press, 2001.

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Borzyh, Stanislav. Universality of uniqueness. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1840173.

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The monograph is devoted to the uniqueness and universality of our being, earthly life, complexity, primarily multicellular organisms, intelligence and civilization. Despite the fact that all these phenomena are presented to us and in our person in the singular, their very existence indicates that, on the one hand, they obey the logic that runs through them all, and on the other hand, they observe certain universal rules for the implementation of something like this. That is, they are unique in their local representation, but they are constructed according to a template that applies to all such cases. The monograph consistently examines the multiplicity of hypostases of these realities and formulates the conclusion that, no matter how many of them there are, they must all fit into the mainstream of two principles — the embodied and the functional. Local conditions determine their final appearance, but the imperatives are the same for them all, and therefore these epithets do not contradict each other, but, on the contrary, are mutually complementary.&#x0D; It is intended both for specialists in the field of epistemology, ontology and philosophy of life, and for the general public interested in real issues.
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Biederman, Donald E., Edward Pierson, Scott Sanders, Martin E. Silfen, Charles J. Biederman, and Jeanne A. Glasser. Law and Business of the Entertainment Industries. 5th ed. Praeger, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400677366.

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In response to the increasing convergence of technologies in the entertainment industries, this thoroughly updated and revised fifth edition makes the casebook more timeless. Providing contract templates covering book publishing, recording contracts, actor agreements, video game agreements, and internet agreements, among others, this new edition is more useful and illustrative of the business of entertainment for lawyers, students, and industry professionals than its competition. Introductions, notes, and cases are fully updated to take into account recent changes in the industry. This classic casebook is essential to students at law schools throughout the country and to industry professionals trying to keep up with this ever-changing field of law.
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Strategic Alliance: Attorney Drafted Contract Template with Instructions. Independently Published, 2022.

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Staff, Journals for All. Contractor Daily Report Template: Construction Log Book. Independently Published, 2017.

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General Sales Contract: Lawyer Prepared Law Firm Template with Instructions. Independently Published, 2022.

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Staff, Journals for All. Contractor Daily Log Book Template: Construction Log Book. Independently Published, 2017.

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Stereo display tests: Manual data input template. Society for Information Display, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.55410/bmtv9443.

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This template contains entries for L-R channel RGBWK colour, calculations of extinction ratio, crosstalk, monocular contrast, stereo contrast, monocular luminance, binocular luminance, luminance difference, calculated chromaticities, and chromaticity differences. Also included are sections on display measurement without glasses, calculation of glasses transmission, and plotting of chromaticities and 3D gray-to-gray crosstalk.
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Store, The Law. Building Contract: Based on Model Display Home Lawyer Prepared Industry Template with Instructions. Independently Published, 2021.

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Book chapters on the topic "Contract templates"

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Shi, Youqun, Zihao Lu, Ran Tao, Ying Liu, and Zhaohui Zhang. "A Trading Model Based on Legal Contracts Using Smart Contract Templates." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2777-7_36.

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Basalamah, Saleh, Anil Bharath, and Donald McRobbie. "Contrast Marginalised Gradient Template Matching." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24672-5_33.

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Cheung, S. C., Patrick C. K. Hung, and Dickson K. W. Chiu. "A Meta-model for e-Contract Template Variable Dependencies Facilitating e-Negotiation." In Conceptual Modeling — ER 2002. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45816-6_14.

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Zhao, Xufeng, Qiuyang Wei, Xue-Yang Zhu, and Wenhui Zhang. "Template-Based Smart Contract Verification: A Case Study on Maritime Transportation Domain." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-66456-4_10.

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Zhu, Shaowei, and Zachary Kincaid. "Breaking the Mold: Nonlinear Ranking Function Synthesis Without Templates." In Computer Aided Verification. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-65627-9_21.

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AbstractThis paper studies the problem of synthesizing (lexicographic) polynomial ranking functions for loops that can be described in polynomial arithmetic over integers and reals. While the analogous ranking function synthesis problem for linear arithmetic is decidable, even checking whether a given function ranks an integer loop is undecidable in the nonlinear setting. We side-step the decidability barrier by working within the theory of linear integer/real rings (LIRR) rather than the standard model of arithmetic. We develop a termination analysis that is guaranteed to succeed if a loop (expressed as a formula) admits a (lexicographic) polynomial ranking function. In contrast to template-based ranking function synthesis in real arithmetic, our completeness result holds for lexicographic ranking functions of unbounded dimension and degree, and effectively subsumes linear lexicographic ranking function synthesis for linear integer loops.
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Kim, Hae Yong, and Sidnei Alves de Araújo. "Grayscale Template-Matching Invariant to Rotation, Scale, Translation, Brightness and Contrast." In Advances in Image and Video Technology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77129-6_13.

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Drexl, Johann, Haider Khan, Michael Markl, et al. "Detection of Vortical Structures in 4D Velocity Encoded Phase Contrast MRI Data Using Vector Template Matching." In Functional Imaging and Modeling of the Heart. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38899-6_33.

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Buscemi, Francesco. "Feeling Political in Public Administration: French Bureaucracy between Militancy and Sens de l’État, 1789–2019." In Feeling Political. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89858-8_2.

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AbstractThis chapter looks at French bureaucracy since its establishment in 1789, given that public administration is a major element of modern political institutions. Contrary to current opinion—and perhaps counter-intuitively—it is heavily imbued with emotions. In post-revolutionary France, civil servants were encouraged to develop particular kinds of feelings in order to be considered good republicans and loyal servants to the sovereign state. The design and goals of two different National Schools of Administration, one founded in 1848 and one in 1945, show how different regimes nurtured the political emotions that were considered a requirement for bureaucratic service. The introduction and the conclusion evoke how the emotional template is still a matter of heated political confrontation.
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Sjøbakk, Børge, and Lars Skjelstad. "Proposing a Standard Template for Construction Site Layout: A Case Study of a Norwegian Contractor." In Advances in Production Management Systems: Innovative Production Management Towards Sustainable Growth. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22756-6_39.

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"Patrol contract template." In Buying and Selling the Environment. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-816696-3.15007-0.

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Conference papers on the topic "Contract templates"

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Meloche, Regan, Daniel Amyot, and John Mylopoulos. "SymboleoNLP: A Tool for Generating Formal Specifications from Legal Contract Templates." In 2024 IEEE 32nd International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/re59067.2024.00062.

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Meloche, Regan, Daniel Amyot, and John Mylopoulos. "Towards Legal Contract Formalization with Controlled Natural Language Templates." In 2023 IEEE 31st International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/re57278.2023.00042.

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Gamble, R., R. Baird, L. Flagg, and M. McClure. "FACT: A fusion architecture with contract templates for semantic and syntactic integration." In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iri.2008.4583061.

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Aejas, Bajeela, and Abdelaziz Bouras. "Effective Smart Contracts for Supply Chain Contracts." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0160.

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Blockchain is in its way of revolutionizing different sectors with its decentralized peer-to-peer networking. Smart contracts are the piece of software that have written rules to be executed automatically to update the state of the block chain in a systematic way. One of the main use of Smart contract is in Supply Chain management. Supply Chain management deals with lot of legal contracts at a time. Contracts are agreements between two or more parties that define the duties and obligations for execution of any kind of activities. In this research, we are trying to automate the supply chain related contracts by identifying the important entities such as contract type, start date, end date etc., by using Natural Language Processing methods, then convert the contract to smart contract. This provides an efficient template for creation of smart contracts from natural language contracts and thereby offer best smart contract template for a given type of contract in Supply Chain.
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Simon, Arnaud, and Thomas Rischbeck. "Service Contract Template." In 2006 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing (SCC'06). IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scc.2006.89.

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Gu, Tingyi. "Molding the out-of-plane light absorption and emission with manufactured silicon nanophotonic template." In High Contrast Metastructures XII, edited by Jonathan A. Fan, Connie J. Chang-Hasnain, and Weimin Zhou. SPIE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2655704.

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Lu, Yan, and Christopher Rasmussen. "Tree trunk detection using contrast templates." In 2011 18th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icip.2011.6115660.

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Lee, Hankook, Sungsoo Ahn, Seung-Woo Seo, et al. "RetCL: A Selection-based Approach for Retrosynthesis via Contrastive Learning." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/368.

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Retrosynthesis, of which the goal is to find a set of reactants for synthesizing a target product, is an emerging research area of deep learning. While the existing approaches have shown promising results, they currently lack the ability to consider availability (e.g., stability or purchasability) of the reactants or generalize to unseen reaction templates (i.e., chemical reaction rules). In this paper, we propose a new approach that mitigates the issues by reformulating retrosynthesis into a selection problem of reactants from a candidate set of commercially available molecules. To this end, we design an efficient reactant selection framework, named RetCL (retrosynthesis via contrastive learning), for enumerating all of the candidate molecules based on selection scores computed by graph neural networks. For learning the score functions, we also propose a novel contrastive training scheme with hard negative mining. Extensive experiments demonstrate the benefits of the proposed selection-based approach. For example, when all 671k reactants in the USPTO database are given as candidates, our RetCL achieves top-1 exact match accuracy of 71.3% for the USPTO-50k benchmark, while a recent transformer-based approach achieves 59.6%. We also demonstrate that RetCL generalizes well to unseen templates in various settings in contrast to template-based approaches.
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Stojanovski, Dario, Benno Krojer, Denis Peskov, and Alexander Fraser. "ContraCAT: Contrastive Coreference Analytical Templates for Machine Translation." In Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Computational Linguistics. International Committee on Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.coling-main.417.

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Stojanovski, Dario, Benno Krojer, Denis Peskov, and Alexander Fraser. "ContraCAT: Contrastive Coreference Analytical Templates for Machine Translation." In Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Computational Linguistics. International Committee on Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.coling-main.417.

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Reports on the topic "Contract templates"

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Witzel, Blair, Patricia Yamilee Payen, Veronica Benedettelli, Victor Hugo Escala Mendez, Luis Tejerina, and Jennifer Nelson. Digital Health: Procurement Guide. Inter-American Development Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0012996.

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The Digital Health Procurement Guide is a comprehensive resource developed by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) to assist its clients in procuring digital health tools. It provides an overview of the procurement process, including key stages and responsibilities, and offers practical tools and templates to facilitate a successful procurement. The guide emphasizes the importance of strategic planning, understanding needs, executing a structured procurement process, and negotiating effective contracts. Collaboration among stakeholders is also highlighted as crucial for successful digital health procurement. The guide does not replace the IDB's procurement policies but serves as a valuable reference for clients seeking support in this area. This guide will: Help Purchasers understand the process for procuring digital health tools from defining its need to contract negotiation; Discuss the difference between defining what a Purchaser needs (i.e., its requirements) and how it asks (i.e., goes to market) for solutions to meet those needs; Provide an overview of a procurement process following a multi-stage bidding process; Provide tools and templates that can help a Purchaser execute a digital health procurement based on good practice.
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Putz, Sabine. IEA-SHC TECH SHEET 45.C.2.3 - Template for ESCo contract – extended version. IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task45-2014-0006.

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Putz, Sabine. IEA-SHC INFO SHEET 45.C.2.3 - Template for ESCo contract – short version. IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task45-2014-0007.

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Nogués, Julio J. Los exportadores agropecuarios en un mundo proteccionista: revisión e implicancias de políticas de las barreras contra el MERCOSUR. Inter-American Development Bank, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011978.

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A nivel mundial los países del MERCOSUR son probablemente los que experimentan el sistema de comercio más hostil. Su fuerte ventaja comparativa en los productos agrícolas templados y los productos agro industriales lo hacen particularmente vulnerable a la variable y alta irracionalidad del proteccionismo junto con los subsidios que continúan distorsionando el comercio. En una mirada retrospectiva el documento cuestiona que la firma del Acuerdo de la Ronda de Uruguay sobre Agricultura fue como "el beso de la muerte" para las perspectivas de desarrollo de estos países. Asimismo, la expansión constante de las políticas regionales y particularmente las practicadas por la UE, continúan reduciendo las ganancias de exportación del MERCOSUR. El documento presenta una selección de la literatura así como nuevas estimaciones sobre este y otros efectos incluyendo las consecuencias financieras que el proteccionismo agrícola tiene sobre el MERCOSUR; su habilidad para sostener y servir sus deudas externas. Basado en estos hallazgos, el documento concluye con algunas sugerencias de política que, en el mejor de los casos representa oportunidades defensivas. Nada estimularía más las perspectivas de desarrollo de estos países que un acuerdo multilateral ambicioso y abarcador para reducir el proteccionismo agrícola. No obstante, dado el alto grado de proteccionismo de USA y la UE, las perspectivas que éste se materialice pronto son muy vagas.
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Caribbean Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) Toolkit: Developing Infrastructure and Improving Service Delivery. Inter-American Development Bank, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006479.

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Caribbean governments need to make significant investments in high quality infrastructure assets. Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) offer a mechanism for governments to procure, finance and implement public infrastructure projects that can leverage the private sector's knowledge, financial capacity and efficiency. The implementation of PPPs requires careful risk management and mitigation, as these long-term contracts are complex to structure, and require specific knowledge and experience. Building up technical capacity, especially of government officials who oversee PPP transactions, is therefore essential. Several features of the Caribbean economic environment such as small market size, shared legal and regulatory systems, capacity constraints within governments, high investment needs and limited fiscal space deserve special treatment. This Toolkit describes the Regional environment for PPPs, drawing lessons from global as well as Caribbean examples, and includes a Model Caribbean PPP Policy Template. The six Toolkit modules cover the key aspects of PPPs, including policy and enabling environment, project identification and screening, development of the business case, procurement and contract monitoring.
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