Academic literature on the topic 'Contraction's velocitie'

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Journal articles on the topic "Contraction's velocitie"

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Siegle, M. L., S. Buhner, M. Schemann, H. R. Schmid, and H. J. Ehrlein. "Propagation velocities and frequencies of contractions along canine small intestine." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 258, no. 5 (1990): G738—G744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1990.258.5.g738.

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This study was performed to clarify in detail the behavior of the propagation velocities and frequencies of contractions along the canine small intestine. In conscious dogs, duodenal, jejunal, and ileal contractions were recorded by multiple, closely spaced strain gauges and analyzed by a computerized method. During both the interdigestive and postprandial states, the propagation velocity increased from the duodenal bulb to the distal duodenum and declined aborally within the jejunum, reaching rather constant values in the ileum. The decrease was steepest in the proximal part of the jejunum. I
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Yapıcı, Ayşegül. "Factors effecting hamstrings to quadriceps peak torque ratio in volleyball players." Journal of Human Sciences 13, no. 3 (2016): 5282. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i3.4149.

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The aim of this study was to analyze of hamstring to quadriceps peak torque ratio (H:Q) measured in isokinetic testing with respect to different angular velocities (60, 180, 300°/s), gender, dominant side and mode of contraction (concentric, eccentric) in volleyball players. Twenty male and ten female healthy volleyball players participated in this study. An independent t-test was used to compare the differences between gender. One-way analysis of variance test was conducted to test for differences by effecting factors. There was a statistically significant difference between dominant and non-
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Reeves, Neil D., and Marco V. Narici. "Behavior of human muscle fascicles during shortening and lengthening contractions in vivo." Journal of Applied Physiology 95, no. 3 (2003): 1090–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01046.2002.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the behavior of human muscle fascicles during dynamic contractions. Eight subjects performed maximal isometric dorsiflexion contractions at six ankle joint angles and maximal isokinetic concentric and eccentric contractions at five angular velocities. Tibialis anterior muscle architecture was measured in vivo by use of B-mode ultrasonography. During maximal isometric contraction, fascicle length was shorter and pennation angle larger compared with values at rest ( P < 0.01). During isokinetic concentric contractions from 0 to 4.36 rad/s, fasci
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Ducros, Laurent, Philippe Bonnin, Bernard P. Cholley, et al. "Increasing Maternal Blood Pressure with Ephedrine Increases Uterine Artery Blood Flow Velocity during Uterine Contraction." Anesthesiology 96, no. 3 (2002): 612–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200203000-00017.

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Background During labor, ephedrine is widely used to prevent or to treat maternal arterial hypotension and restore uterine perfusion pressure to avoid intrapartum fetal asphyxia. However, the effects of ephedrine on uterine blood flow have not been studied during uterine contractions. The purpose of the study was to assess the effects of ephedrine on uterine artery velocities and resistance index using the Doppler technique during the active phase of labor. Methods Ten normotensive, healthy parturients with uncomplicated pregnancies at term received intravenous ephedrine during labor to increa
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Chaouachi, Anis, Monoem Haddad, Carlo Castagna, et al. "Potentiation and Recovery Following Low- and High-Speed Isokinetic Contractions in Boys." Pediatric Exercise Science 23, no. 1 (2011): 136–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.23.1.136.

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The objective of this study was to examine the response and recovery to a single set of maximal, low and high angular velocity isokinetic leg extension-flexion contractions with boys. Sixteen boys (11–14 yrs) performed 10 isokinetic contractions at 60°.s−1 (Isok60) and 300°.s−1 (Isok300). Three contractions at both velocities, blood lactate and ratings of perceived exertion were monitored pretest and at 2, 3, 4, and 5 min of recovery (RI). Participants were tested in a random counterbalanced order for each velocity and recovery period. Only a single contraction velocity (300°.s−1 or 60°.s−1) w
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Livingston, E. H., T. J. Howard, T. R. Garrick, E. P. Passaro, and P. H. Guth. "Strong gastric contractions cause mucosal ischemia." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 260, no. 3 (1991): G524—G530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1991.260.3.g524.

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Contractions of a segment of bowel result in alterations of its blood flow. However, the precise temporal and spacial relationships between contractions and mucosal blood flow are unknown. Rats were fitted with strain gauge force transducers and implanted with silver wire electrodes into the muscularis externa of the stomach. In vivo microscopic observation of motility and of the gastric mucosal blood flow was performed during electrical field-stimulated contractions. Contractions originated in the midcorpus, were 0.237 +/- 0.018 cm wide, traveled along the corpus at 0.133 +/- 0.024 cm/s, and
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Christou, Evangelos A., Minoru Shinohara, and Roger M. Enoka. "Fluctuations in acceleration during voluntary contractions lead to greater impairment of movement accuracy in old adults." Journal of Applied Physiology 95, no. 1 (2003): 373–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00060.2003.

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The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of movement velocity on the relation between fluctuations in acceleration and the ability to achieve a target velocity during voluntary contractions performed by young (29.5 ± 4.3 yr) and old (74.9 ± 6.2 yr) adults. Subjects performed concentric and eccentric contractions with the first dorsal interosseus muscle while lifting a submaximal load (15% of maximum) at six movement velocities (0.03–1.16 rad/s). Fluctuations in acceleration, the accuracy of matching the target velocity, and electromyographic (EMG) activity were determined from three t
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Siegle, M. L., and H. J. Ehrlein. "Interdigestive contractile patterns of the ileum in dogs." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 253, no. 4 (1987): G452—G460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1987.253.4.g452.

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The aim of this study is to elucidate the nature of ileal interdigestive contractile patterns by the computerized analysis of the contraction spread and by videofluoroscopy. Conscious dogs equipped with closely spaced strain-gauge force transducers were used. Two patterns of repetitive, phasic contractions were recorded, migrating clusters and phase IIIs; both patterns consisted of repetitive, propagated contractions. Both patterns migrated aborad by sequential movement of contraction waves down the bowel. Consequently, the rate of migration of either of the entire patterns was slower than the
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Forrester, Stephanie E., and Matthew T. G. Pain. "A Combined Muscle Model and Wavelet Approach to Interpreting the Surface EMG Signals from Maximal Dynamic Knee Extensions." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 26, no. 1 (2010): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.26.1.62.

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This study aimed to identify areas of reduced surface EMG amplitude and changed frequency across the phase space of a maximal dynamic knee extension task. The hypotheses were that (1) amplitude would be lower for eccentric contractions compared with concentric contractions and unaffected by fiber length and (2) mean frequency would also be lower for eccentric contractions and unaffected by fiber length. Joint torque and EMG signals from the vasti and rectus femoris were recorded for eight athletic subjects performing maximum knee extensions at 13 preset crank velocities spanning ±300°⋅s−1. The
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Harwood, B., and C. L. Rice. "Short interspike intervals and double discharges of anconeus motor unit action potentials for the production of dynamic elbow extensions." Journal of Neurophysiology 111, no. 10 (2014): 2039–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00412.2013.

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Incidence of double discharges (DDs; >100 Hz) and short interspike intervals (ISIs; >50 to <100 Hz) is reported to vary widely among different muscles and tasks, with a higher incidence in motor unit (MU) trains of fast muscles and for the production of fast contractions in humans. However, it is unclear whether human muscles with a large composition of slower motor units exhibit DDs or short ISIs when activated with maximal synaptic drive, such as those required for maximal velocity dynamic contractions. Thus the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of increasing peak co
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Contraction's velocitie"

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Rababy, Nada. "Estimation of EMG conduction velocity using system identification." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63819.

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Lou, Fang. "A study of the contractile properties of vertebrate skeletal muscle with special reference to the force-velocity relationship and the cellular mechanisms of muscle fatigue /." Lund : Dept. of Pharmacology, University of Lund, 1994. http://books.google.com/books?id=zO9qAAAAMAAJ.

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Chapman, Dale W. "Lengthening contraction velocity and exercise-induced muscle damage of the elbow flexors in humans." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/211.

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Lengthening contraction velocity appears to be one of the factors affecting the magnitude of muscle damage, however limited human studies have investigated this issue. The purpose of this thesis was to clarify the effect of lengthening contraction velocity on changes in indirect markers of muscle damage after maximal voluntary lengthening exercise of the elbow flexors. This thesis incorporates five individual studies that have been published or submitted for publication in peer review journals. The first study investigated the hypothesis that the variability of changes in indirect markers of m
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Genieser, Lars Herbert. "Stress- and velocity-field evolution in viscoelastic planar contraction flow dc by Lars Herbert Genieser." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46121.

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Terraza, Rebollo Manuel. "Efectos del entrenamiento de la fuerza en la velocidad y precisión de golpeo en tenistas de competición = Strength training effects in stroke velocity and accuracy in competition tennis players." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669740.

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Los jugadores de tenis necesitan una combinación de habilidades técnicas, tácticas, psicológicas y físicas. Respecto a las habilidades físicas, es esencial una combinación de velocidad, agilidad y potencia, incluyendo un nivel aeróbico de medio a elevado. El entrenamiento de fuerza en tenis principalmente se ha utilizado para aumentar la velocidad de golpeo, la velocidad de desplazamiento y para prevenir lesiones. El objetivo principal de esta tesis doctoral fue evaluar los métodos de lanzamientos de balón medicinal y de entrenamiento con sobrecargas en la velocidad y precisión de golpeo y los
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Vaverka, Jiří. "Výpočtové modelování srdeční kontrakce." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241725.

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This thesis aims to determine the impact of slowed myocardial conduction velocity and depressed myocyte contractility on the duration of isovolumic contraction time (ICT) of the left ventricle by carrying out simulations using finite element method. A 3D finite element model enabling to simulate both physiological and pathological states of myocardium was created. The model is based on simplified ellipsoidal geometry and accounts for anisotropic behavior of myocardium, its asynchronous contraction and variations in the arrangement of muscle fibers. Slowing of conduction velocity to a half of i
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Sharifnezhad, Ali. "Longitudinal adaptation of vastus lateralis muscle in response to eccentric exercise." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät IV, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16918.

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In der vorliegenden Studie wurde daher den Einfluss exzentrischen Trainings, mit unterschiedlicher Reizmagnitude, Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit und Muskellänge bei Reizapplikation, auf die Adaptation des M. vastus lateralis (VL) untersucht. Die 31 Studienteilnehmer wurden randomisiert in zwei Trainings- und eine Kontrollgruppe aufgeteilt. Die Trainingsgruppen führten 30 Trainingseinheiten mit exzentrischem Training der Knieextensoren an einem Isokineten durch. Gruppe 1 (n=10) trainierte ein Bein mit 65% der maximalen willkürlichen isometrischen Kontraktion (MVC) und das andere Bein mit 100% MVC, be
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Lommen, Jonathan Lyon Jacob. "Effects of Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation on Gait Initiation in People with Parkinson’s Disease." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39959.

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Background: Gait initiation is a major issue in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Moreover, the effect of current treatment on motor deficits vary alongside individual differences and disease severity. In some cases, postural instability has been documented as a major side-effect and refractory symptom to dopaminergic medication. Despite these shortcomings, research involving other forms of therapy including deep brain stimulation (DBS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), has evidenced the improvement of postural deficits in PD. In this regard, there is a strong rational for the modulation of
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RINALDO, Nicoletta. "Models of Physical Activity: Active Lifestyle Promotion for adults and elderly people affected by Chronic Obstruction Pulmonary Disease." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/567349.

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Background e obiettivi L’intolleranza all’esercizio fisico (ES), la sintomatologia e gli effetti extra-polmonari incrementano il rischio di disabilità, bassa qualità della vita (QoL) e sedentarietà nel paziente affetto da Broncopneumopatia Cronica Ostruttiva (BPCO). In riabilitazione respiratoria l’ES è considerato il principale intervento non farmacologico per incrementare la salute e la capacità di esercizio nei pazienti. Sfortunatamente, si rilevano pochi interventi strutturati di attività fisica (AF). Inoltre, un numero elevato di pazienti declina la partecipazione. Le ragioni di abbandon
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Lan, Yupin, and 藍宇斌. "Effect of Eccentric Contraction Velocity on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness of the Knee Extensors." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82315661770796665680.

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碩士<br>中國文化大學<br>體育學系運動教練碩博士班<br>99<br>Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the response of the muscle damage on knee extensors by using one set of maximal fast (FV) or slow velocity (SV) eccentric exercise. Methods: Twleve healthy untrained male students were recruited in the study. By the counter-balance method, each subject with right and left legs of FV or SV eccentric exercise (rest interval between a set of FV or SV eccentric exercise at least two weeks ) performed a set of 120 s-1 maximal voluntary isokinetic eccentric contractions (MAX; SV: at angular velocity of 30°·s-1 for 6
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Books on the topic "Contraction's velocitie"

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Cross, Michael Collins. Human growth hormone, catecholamines and glucose responses to muscular contractions of varying velocity. National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1992.

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Fatigue response of the hamstrings and quadriceps during concentric and eccentric contractions at two angular velocities. 1994.

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Fatigue response of the hamstrings and quadriceps during concentric and eccentric contractions at two angular velocities. 1994.

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Fatigue response of the hamstrings and quadriceps during concentric and eccentric contractions at two angular velocities. 1994.

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Escudier, Marcel. Engineering applications of Bernoulli’s equation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198719878.003.0008.

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In this chapter it is shown how Bernoulli’s equation can be applied to practical fluid-flow problems. In the case of internal flows, such as that through a Venturi tube, it is also necessary to use the continuity equation to relate changes in cross-sectional area to changes in flow velocity. For liquid flows it is shown that for sufficiently high flowspeeds the static pressure could fall below the saturated vapour pressure and lead to cavitation. The designs of various flow-measuring devices, including the orifice-plate flowmeter, the Venturi-tube flowmeter, and the Pitot tube, are based on Be
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Muscle force velocity adaptations to variations in long term physical training. 1988.

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Muscle force velocity adaptations to variations in long term physical training. 1985.

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The relationship between tibial nerve conduction velocity and selected strength and power variables in college football linemen. 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Contraction's velocitie"

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Homsher, Earl. "Determinants of Unloaded Shortening Velocity in Striated Muscle." In Molecular Control Mechanisms in Striated Muscle Contraction. Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9926-9_12.

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Homsher, Earl, Fei Wang, and James Sellers. "Factors Affecting Filament Velocity in In Vitro Motility Assays and their Relation to Unloaded Shortening Velocity in Muscle Fibers." In Mechanism of Myofilament Sliding in Muscle Contraction. Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2872-2_27.

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ter Keurs, Henk EDJ, and Pieter P. de Tombe. "Determinants of Velocity of Sarcomere Shortening in Mammalian Myocardium." In Mechanism of Myofilament Sliding in Muscle Contraction. Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2872-2_58.

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Edman, K. A. P. "Mechanism Underlying Double-Hyperbolic Force-Velocity Relation in Vertebrate Skeletal Muscle." In Mechanism of Myofilament Sliding in Muscle Contraction. Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2872-2_59.

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van Mastrigt, R. "The Propagation Velocity of Contractions of the Pig Ureter in Vitro." In Urodynamics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70436-9_12.

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Lindberg, F., C. Grönlund, G. Granåsen, J. S. Karlsson, M. Peolsson, and L. Å. Brodin. "Tissue strain from Tissue Velocity Imaging (TVI) during sub-maximal isotonic muscle contractions." In IFMBE Proceedings. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03882-2_412.

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Tyml, Karel, and Christopher G. Ellis. "Localized Heterogeneity of Red Cell Velocity in Skeletal Muscle at Rest and After Contraction." In Oxygen Transport to Tissue XI. Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5643-1_83.

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Groundstroem, K. W. E., George R. Sutherland, Carmel M. Moran, and N. McDicken. "Myocardial imaging by color-Doppler coded velocity mapping — from regional contraction to tissue characterization?" In Advances in Echo Imaging Using Contrast Enhancement. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8126-4_24.

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Fukutani, Atsuki, and Yasuo Kawakami. "Can a High-Intensity Contraction Be Enhanced by a Conditioning Contraction? Insight from the Relationship Between Shortening Velocity of Muscle Fibers and Postactivation Potentiation." In Sports Performance. Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55315-1_17.

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Bravo Esteban, E., J. Gómez-Soriano, M. Aleixandre, et al. "Muscle Coherence during Controlled Voluntary Movement in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: Contraction and Velocity Dependence." In Converging Clinical and Engineering Research on Neurorehabilitation. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34546-3_111.

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Conference papers on the topic "Contraction's velocitie"

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Rajendiran Vijayaraj, Aditya Suvithiraj, Zachary Moore, and Vrishank Raghav. "Downwash and Outwash of Counter-rotating Coaxial Rotors Hovering in-ground Effect." In Vertical Flight Society 81st Annual Forum and Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4050/f-0081-2025-396.

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This study investigates the evolution of axial and radial velocities in the downwash-outwash region of a counter-rotating coaxial rotor hovering in-ground effect (IGE). The presence of the ground deflects the axial flow of the rotor wake radially outward, with mean radial velocities reaching approximately 2Vh along the ground. Based on the observed velocity profiles, the wake was classified into three distinct regions: the downwash region characterized by maximum wake contraction, the transition region where flow turns from axial to radial, and the outwash region exhibiting wall jet behavior.
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Gerretsen, J. H., S. Damen, A. Visser, and U. Lotz. "CO2 Corrosion and Its Inhibition under Liquid Full Disturbed Flow and under Liquid Droplet Impact Conditions." In CORROSION 1993. NACE International, 1993. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1993-93084.

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Abstract Flow induced corrosion has been studied under liquid full water/oil pipe flow conditions. It appeared that whereas an oil/water dispersion gave a strong reduction in corrosion rate in smooth pipe flow, localised attack occurred under disturbed flow conditions. The leading edge of a sudden step-wise contraction was severely attacked and mesa attack was observed just after the contraction. Inhibition of the corrosion of the critical geometry under the impinging flow conditions appeared extremely difficult. The leading edge of the constriction always showed signs of localised attack, eve
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Yamaguchi, Aika, Shuichi Fujikura, Seito Tanimoto, Visal Thay, and Shinnosuke Katsume. "Shaking Table Tests of a Single Spherical Sliding Bearing with Highly durable Sliding Material." In IABSE Symposium, Tokyo 2025: Environmentally Friendly Technologies and Structures: Focusing on Sustainable Approaches. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2025. https://doi.org/10.2749/tokyo.2025.2311.

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&lt;p&gt;In general, bridge bearings experience movement due to the expansion and contraction of girders with changes in ambient temperature daily and annually, along with live loads imposed daily by passing vehicles, which cause displacements at the bearings. Consequently, sliding materials are required to have high durability. In this paper, shaking table tests were conducted on a bridge model having spherical sliding bearings with a highly durable sliding material developed specifically for bridge applications. A series of shaking table tests showed that friction coefficient increased with
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Deshpande, A., K. Ramisetty, F. W. Chambers, M. E. McNally, and R. M. Hoffman. "Effect of a Symmetric Contraction on the Concentration Profiles of a Particle-Laden Slurry." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62809.

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In-line measurements and sample stream withdrawals for on-line and/or at-line measurements of slurries flowing in horizontal pipes can be complicated by nonuniform slurry profiles. More uniform profiles would improve measurements. Area contractions are a common means used to produce more uniform velocity fields for single phase flows. For example, contractions are used to condition the flow entering wind tunnel test sections and make velocity profiles more uniform at venturi throats. It was desired to determine whether area contractions could be used to make slurry concentration profiles more
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Gulati, Shelly, Susan J. Muller, and Dorian Liepmann. "Direct Measurements of Viscoelastic Flows in Micro-Contractions." In ASME 3rd International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icmm2005-75204.

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Direct measurement techniques are employed to quantify the kinematics of DNA flows in micro-contraction devices. Flow through micro-contractions subjects the fluid to large spatial gradients in velocity, thereby eliciting viscoelastic effects. Additionally, in this microfluidic flow environment, the fully extended length of the macromolecule L will approach the characteristic length scale of the channel geometry h. This is a unique flow environment that is not yet well understood. Knowledge of the fundamental physics that govern this flow regime will have a profound impact on optimization of l
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Nohmi, Motohiko, Shusaku Kagawa, Tomoki Tsuneda, Wakana Tsuru, and Kazuhiko Yokota. "Numerical Analysis of Contraction Geometry Effects on Cavitation Choking in a Piping System." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-5359.

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Abstract There is a contraction portion in the water supply pipe line system, and cavitation may occur in the contraction when the flow velocity is increased. Such a situation occurs widely in the throat of the fluid machineries and in the vicinity of the valve body of the valve. In operation of the valve, it is well known that a phenomenon occurs in which the flow rate does not increase even if the static pressure difference upstream and downstream of the valve is increased due to the growth of cavitation in the contraction, which is well known as choking . It is not clear what phenomena occu
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Aboelkassem, Yasser, Anne E. Staples, and John J. Socha. "Microscale Flow Pumping Inspired by Rhythmic Tracheal Compressions in Insects." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57061.

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Inspired by the physiological network of insects, which have dimensions on the order of micrometers to millimeters, we study the airflow within a single model insect tracheal tube. The tube undergoes localized rhythmic wall contractions. A theoretical analysis is given to model the airflow within the tracheal tube. Since flow motions at the microscale are dominated mainly by viscous effects, and the tube has radius, R, that is much smaller than its length, L, (i.e. δ = R/L ≪ 1), lubrication theory for axisymmetric, viscous, incompressible flows at low Reynolds number (Re ∼ δ) is used to model
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Agrawal, A. K., A. Tinneti, and S. R. Gollahalli. "Flow Development in an Annular Contraction." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-306.

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Power generating gas turbines employ an inlet duct or contraction to accelerate air to the operating inlet velocity of the compressor. Multiple passages of this kind are necessary in gas turbines with cycle modifications such as intercooling. An experimental investigation was carried out to obtain flow characteristics of a curved wall annular contraction. The results are described in terms of the velocity vectors, surface pressure coefficients, static and stagnation pressure distributions, and profiles of mean velocities, turbulence intensity, and Reynolds shear stress. The upstream flow condi
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Rafael, Chavez-Moreno, Santillan-Gutierez Saul, Tang Yu, and Ji Haibo. "Contraction based angular velocity observer for small satellites." In 2016 IEEE Aerospace Conference. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aero.2016.7500915.

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Ismayilov, Fuad, and Olusegun J. Ilegbusi. "CFD Simulation of Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow Through an Orifice in Millimeter-Scale Rectangular Channel." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-65283.

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Abstract:
A numerical model is developed and used to simulate gas-liquid two-phase flow through a plate orifice in a millimeter-scale channel. The channel width is 50 mm and the height is varied from 1.00 mm to 2.00 mm. The contraction ratio and thickness of the orifice are varied over the range 0.04–0.4 and 5–20 mm respectively. The model utilized is based on the multiphase-mixture principle in which transport equations are solved for the mixed phase velocities with allowance for interpenetration of phases and intra-phase transfer processes. The predicted velocity profiles are successfully validated by
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