Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Contractualisation du droit des sociétés'
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Houenou, Emmanuel Sèmassa. "La contractualisation du droit des sociétés : l'ordre public à l'épreuve de la liberté contractuelle dans les sociétés commerciales de l'OHADA." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D022.
Full textSince the Uniform Act on General Commercial Law came into force in 1997, the public policy nature of the rules enacted has been questioned by practitioners and doctrine. All the provisions of this uniform act were declared mandatory by the legislator who made the difficult choice of diverting the contemporary trend. Indeed, one of the most significant developments in company law since the end of the 20th century is the move towards a flexible law in which the will of the shareholder is prominent. A reform of the Uniform Act on General Commercial Law then became necessary in order to allow the use of contractual mechanisms and adapt OHADA company law to the needs of shareholders.Yet since the law reform in January 2014, scholars are not unanimous on the extent which the OHADA legislator has stretched contract in company law. Thus, while some see the reform as a triumph of contractual freedom, others see it as a mere boost in party autonomy uphelding the same rigid law exclusively made of non deregatory rules. As such, it was appropriate to assess the scope of contractualism in OHADA company law as well as the effectiveness of the related contractual mechanisms. Focusing on a substantial analysis of existing laws, this contribution shows a real decline of public policy in company law and a deep flexibility in the legal regime of companies hitherto for their rigid institutional character
Schmeidler, Jasmin. "La protection des créanciers dans les fusions internationales de sociétés : droit international et comparé." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020088.
Full textOnce an inexistent phenomenon, international mergers are now a widespread reality. They present numerous risks for different categories of persons, such as corporate creditors. The creditors are confronted to specific risks when their corporate debtor merges with one or several corporations coming into the competences of different national laws. Their protection is therefore necessary. However, there is no international uniform protection of corporate creditors and the existing protections are depending on different national laws. The application of national regulations on international corporate mergers is at the origin of a limitation of the protection. The recourse to the conflict of laws mechanism is a factor of legal uncertainty and may lead to protection losses. Moreover, the designated national laws are ignoring to a large extent the specific risks of international mergers and contain variable protections. Within the framework of litigation, the determination of international jurisdiction is not easy. The merger is likely to lead to the modification of the initial jurisdiction and to confront the creditor to an inexistent corporate body. Therefore, a strengthening of corporate creditors’ protection has to be established. In order to reach that objective, the contractualisation of the protection or the enactment of a new regulation are two solutions. While the resort to material law rules has to be recommended, it cannot be exclusive. Indeed, a uniform material regulation is a way likely to be qualified as utopian. Consequently, the combination of material law rules and conflict of law rules is a substitute enabling to better conciliate the needs of creditor protection and corporate concentration. In addition, the contractualisation of the protection is enabling to adapt the protection to the needs of each creditor. It is consequently a method allowing to strenghthen the basic protection established by the regulation on a case by case basis
Djiguemdé, Wendkouni Judicaël. "L'aménagement conventionnel de la société commerciale en droit français et en droit OHADA." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0345/document.
Full textAny legislation concerning economic matters is expected to be flexible and adaptedto the evolution of business. Company law in the OHADA (Harmonizing Business Law inAfrica Organization) as well as French company law, cannot be excluded from this principal.Although it was very strict to begin with, and characterized by omnipresent public order,company law in the OHADA was caught up by the contractualization movement whichappeared in France in the 1990s. Contract law turned out to be a perfect means forpractitioners to bring flexibility to company law. Contracting adjustments, companyconventions or even shareholder agreements enable shareholders to adapt their legal companyrules to their economic needs. Transferring titles, voting partners, ensuring the power ofrepresentation inside the company, or settling disagreements, are some examples amongst thevariety of situations where the contracting freedom of partners can be seen. Despite therigorous characteristic of French and OHADA company law, this study puts forward theimportance of spaces of freedom that partners can use. These shareholders agreements, eitherstatutory or extra statutory, will be dependent on precise validity criteria. Consequently, theefficiency of these adjustments will mainly depend on the sanction implemented when one ofthe parties does not execute the required obligation. The strength of both the practice andFrench case law will enable to test the proposals set down by the OHADA legislator.Therefore this study will contribute to the development of an adapted judicial system whichwill permit to secure these contracting agreements, as signs of the contractualization ofcompany law
El, Khatib Nadine. "La contractualisation de la gouvernance d'entreprise face à l'évolution des réseaux contractuels interne et externe à la société anonyme cotée : étude comparative entre le droit français et le système anglo-américain." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1G047.
Full textThe recurrence of financial scandals since the 1970s have demonstrated the failure of the vertical mechanisms implemented to impose Corporate Governance rules using the disclosure based model. The reason for this failure is related to the evolution of the public limited incorporated joint stock company, that led, in turn, to the evolution of corporate governance problems. These problems have always been limited to the agency conflicts between shareholders and managers and to the conflicts of interest among internal stakeholders. Today, corporate governance problems are mainly related to the external stakeholders network of the company. The 2000-2001 scandals as well as the Subprime crisis have shown that the external contractual stakeholders such as bankers, lawyers, external auditors etc. Have played a major role in causing the companies involved to collapse. Since the contractual external stakeholders are gaining more power to affect the rights of internal stakeholders; and since the internal stakeholders network has a contractual basis, and finally because the contract is gaining a larger place in organising internal realtionships in the company such as through shareholders agreements, imposing corporate governance rules through contracting might be considered a better solution. The idea is to use the genius and skills of contract drafters to the benefits of corporate governance in order to strengthen the bargaining power of all internal and external stakeholders and allow them to insert corporate governance principles in their contracts
Druetz, Thomas. "La contractualisation de compagnies militaires privées dans la guerre - Retour à l'utilisation des mercenaires ou nouvelle configuration de l'exercice de la violence légitime?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26779/26779.pdf.
Full textTanielian, Fadel Aline. "L'efficacité des pactes d'actionnaires dans les sociétés non cotées : (étude comparative entre les droits français et libanais)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020001.
Full textThe increase of the number of shareholders’ agreements in French and Lebanese unlisted joint-stock companies does not allow to relegate their efficiency to a second rank anymore, as it was frequently the case in most of the studies dedicated to shareholders’ agreements. In light of the legislative and judicial developments reminding or asserting the predominance of the specific performance of obligations, this thesis attempts to analyse the hurdles that hinder the enforcement of shareholders’ agreements and the means to avoid or overcome them in order to ensure an optimal efficiency of shareholders’ agreements. In doing so, the various limits to the efficiency of shareholders’ agreements that are systematically invoked shall be examined to verify their relevance and scope; this shall help to assert the particular nature of shareholders’ agreements in comparison to the by-laws of the company, especially in relation to the public policy in corporate matters that is applicable to them.The ultimate goal shall be to bring the solutions of the French and Lebanese laws closer to those of the Anglo-American laws to avoid, first, the laying aside of the French and Lebanese laws and their replacement by the Anglo-American laws, and second, the compatibility issues which may arise in case the shareholders’ agreement is governed by a law other than the one governing the company
Exbrayat, Jennifer. "La contractualisation en droit des personnes." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10041/document.
Full textThe contractualization in person law is a complex phenomenon which can be tough to apprehend. It would be stereotypical to point out the apparent opposition between contracts and person law, as if the very existence of the phenomenon would seem, at first glance, necessarily out of the question. However, further analysis reveals that, on the contrary, the contractualization is not a sweet illusion, an utopia, but actually a dynamic and growing truth.Firstly, it is interesting to underline the increasing promotion of the role of free will in person law showing that the concept of ‘imposed right’ has gradually decreased, at least in its traditional aspects, leaving in its wake the emergence of ‘negotiated rights’. Therefore, it is the observation of the existence of a necessary heteronomous interference in the field of agreements which has to be led, invinting in a new analysis of the common sense that can be seen in the principle of free will. Thus, the study of the phenomenon of contractualization leads one to further pursue the analysis of the terms of the principle of free will, revealing beyond that the agreements are legally enforceable, contracts. Second, it’s the study of the anthropocentrism of the contractualization which must be purchased. In this regard, the use of the principle of respect of human dignity must be highlighted, due to its tendency negatively, to show itself as an obstacle to contractual wishes, and then, positively, it appears like a provider of rights in favor of the vulnerable contractor, in accordance with general scheme
Monteillet, Vanessa. "La contractualisation du droit de l'environnement." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTD025.
Full textEnvironmental law is a relatively young law. Due to its natural filiation to public interest, it was exclusively governed by the public authorities. But today, while "everyone has the duty to participate in the conservation and in the improvement of the environment" (article 2 of the Charter for the environment), it could not remain quartered in the realm of public law. The contemporary trend to the law contractualization, crossing lots of branches, concerns environmental law which draws from it the resources of its deployment. To this end, speaking about "contractualization of the environmental law" covers two realities. It is, at first, to notice that environmental law moves into the contract, whether it is a question of diversifying its environmental object or of letting proliferate environmental obligations there. The strategy is simple. Environmental law takes place in the contract. And the contract, like a Trojan horse, makes it penetrate the enclosure of the interpersonal relations. Like a vehicle for dissemination of environmental law, the contract becomes one management tool favoring its reception by individuals. It is, then, to notice that the contract acts on environmental law. In this connexion, the contractualization overlaps, for one part, the hypothesis of the negotiated law carrying a collective dimension in the elaboration of the law, and for another part, that of the spontaneous law revealing the normative potential of the individual contract. A profound structural transformation of environmental law is at work, putting the foundations of an ecological public order, the architecture of which slides "from the pyramid to the network". Such a change of face comes along with a change in philosophy, towards a sustainable development law. But it is more in the support of a sustainable development of environmental law that the dynamics of contractualization will find its relevance. In the contract and by the contract, environmental law expands: it shines and it stands out, ready to take up the challenge of its "modernization"
Donnette-Boissière, Anaëlle. "La contractualisation en droit du travail." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10032.
Full textContracting is an often met trend in several fields of law and this PhD work aims at checking its relevance and making its impact clear in labour law. Contracting is the expression of a dynamics of creating a standard by contract and covers two facts in labour law. First of all it means contracting in individual relationships at work. The standard position of individual employment contract has to be reevaluated, especially under the spur of legal precedents. It has to be done because contractual standard has been developed compared with statutory standard and the employer's power. However, it seems that this dynamics has reached its maturity and besides, it is important to accept its limitations and supervision, considering that the first aim in labour law is protection, which must be guaranteed. Yet, contracting also means contracting of labour law. So, the standard function of collective agreement goes through a deep change. There is actually an increase of conventional standard facing state standard. This real and powerful dynamics should benefit from a better understanding and a proper control. Its legitimacy and pereenniality depend on it
Tiquant, Olivier. "La contractualisation des procédures collectives." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010305.
Full textDudit, Carine. "La contractualisation du droit de la famille." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT4018.
Full textRuled by law and order for a long time, family was instituted by law and organized by legal status. Individual wills and contract had a tiny place in family links. This situation was justified by disparity between wife and husband and group prevailing upon individual. Husband and wife equality, glorification of rights and individual liberties, relaxation of moral standards paved the way for contract in family relationship and also in family link institution. Legal status and institution are fading away but not vanishing. Increased part for contract, decline of a restrictive law and order in favor of a protective one, rise of justice intervention are main guides for analyzing family laws of 21st century
Raizon, Hélène. "La contractualisation du droit moral de l'auteur." Thesis, Avignon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AVIG2041/document.
Full textThe work is the reflection of the personality of the author. From this, nothing may be legitimately dissociated or changed from the spirit of the original. To this end article L. 121-1 of the Code of intellectual property shews in its third paragraph that the moral right of the author of a work of the intellect is inalienable, in that contractualisation would seem to be excluded. All the same, the study of contractual practises shows, in reality, that the right of authorship as well as the rights in respect of the work, both of these constituant prerogatives, are often the subject of contract. Therefore one may deduce that it may be seen as a contractualisation of the moral right. Often this only operates in an indirect manner, as in a surrender of these rights of the author as in, perhaps, the sale of the work ; or by application of the common rights of contract
Leroy, Caroline. "Le pacte d'actionnaires dans l'environnement sociétaire." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00675666.
Full textZouhry, Leila. "La société en formation "en droit français et en droit marocain"." Paris 13, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA131003.
Full textOnce definitively conceived, an active business is a legal body and is judiciously recognized as such. But what form did the company take previously ? the company will not simply appear, complete in it's final form, responsible for acts made previous to its full development. No, the organisation's various aspects must develop little by little. During this period of development, the company founders will see to the different formalities the law oversees for the company's benefit. But the company must necessarily complete a number of judicial steps that are essential to development. These steps, carried out when company is not yet developed to il's fullest capacity, are interesting from two points of view : theoretically it becomes necessary to determine in what capacity a developing company can be responsible for past transactions made under its new legal name. On a practical level it's important for the partners to know if they can do business under the developing company's name, thus using their full potential when dealing with individual or large scale companies without waiting for legal finalities. To determine the outcome of these engagements several solutions have been proposed. But before beginning this study, we will attempt to know what the conditions and judicial statutes of the company were during it's development, thus establishing the judicial support for legal requirements previously agreed upon. It is in one's interest to examine the regulations, laws and options that tend to reaffirm themselves during the development period. They are born from necessity throuth company contracts, notably the interrelations between the business partners, between the partners and the underwriters, between the underwriters themselves, and finally the relationship between the developing company and it's bank
Ngampio-Obélé-Bélé, Urbain. "Les sociétés d'économie mixte locales et le droit des sociétés." Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX32022.
Full textLocal mixed economy businesses, in conformity with the first article of the july 7 1983 act, have been established as anonymous companies. So, except if otherwise provide for, they are subject to the rules set by the july 24 1966 revised act on commercial businesses, as well as to the common law providing for all types of companies. Now, enforcing the common law of companies entails difficulties when local collectivities participate in these companies. Indeed when the legislator stated in the first article of the 1983 act that local mixed economy businesses are to be considered as anonymous companies, he never realized that the combination of rules belonging both to the common law and to the public law would be attended by serious consequences. Besides, the law generated by the 1966 act hardly agrees with the requirements of public management. If, basically, local mixed economy businesses are ruled by commercial common law, the renewed weigth of public law rules, especially those of administrative law, can increasingly be felt. This is why an in-depth revision of the july 7 1983 act would be very useful to cope with all the difficulties hampering the management of such businesses; this would make the law that applies to local mixed economy businesses better adjusted to the common law of companies. In spite of a few previous alterations, such revision remains a topical question
Cordelier, Emmanuel. "L'abus en droit des sociétés." Toulouse 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU10028.
Full textIn Company Law, abuse of rights occurs when conflicting interests are stake, e. G. A person who abuses his/her shareholders' right does so with the intent of satisfying personal interest to the detriment of the Companny's overall interest. The existence of an abuse and the way it is dealt with comes largely under the control of the judge. The concept of "abuse" is used to quell crises between shareholders and to instil a sense of moral duty into the different participants in the group
Touyeras-Paulze, d'Ivoy Bénédicte. "L'expertise en droit des sociétés." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100003.
Full textCompanies are mosaics of collective and individual interests, and French law provides them with a variety of auditing bodies : management audit, audit "in futurum", the various "comite d'entreprise" (joint production committee) experts, and the expert in charge of setting the real price of social rights, to name but a few. In the first part of this thesis we will find a common ground between means of valuation available and the inherent interests of a company. We will compare article 226 to a collective interest such as social interest. We will also explain how article 145 of the "ncpc" can best defend the individual interests of an associate. Finally we will show how the experts of the joint production committee are linked to the interests of the employees and can be asked to put a price on the individual interests of an associate who wishes to leave the company. This first part emphasizes the extreme flexibility of the functioning of the different audits, so that the audit (fr. "expertise") actually becomes a tool to defend interests. Moreover, analyzing the different interests within a company shows that it is more appropriate to speak of an enterprise (i. E. Without any legal connotation) rather than of a company (legal entity), as only the concept of enterprise takes into consideration the interests of the employees. In the second part we prove that a potential audit makes the enterprise more transparent to a third party's eyes so that the enterprise can no longer be exclusively the associates' property. In fact outsiders to the enterprise (the French stock exchange commission, the justice department) can ask for an audit and so have a say in the management of a company. Finally, an audit shows how the joint production committee is at an advantage, since it has at its disposal the management audit, the audit "in futurum", as well as the different types of audits which are its own prerogative
Meuke, Boutchouang Bérenger Yves. "L'expertise en droit des sociétés." Lyon 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO33034.
Full textAchour, Dehlila. "Cautionnement et droit des sociétés." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30065.
Full textAt present, surety law is a matter that has totally been breaking apart. This fragmentation of surety law is mainly due to the abundance and overlapping of legislative acts: there are more interventions on the part of the legislator, more jurisprudential developments than we can count. The matter could have be simplified, had it benefited from the reform of security law in accordance with the order of 23 March 2006. But that was not the case.In relation to corporate law, the subject is becoming even more complex. In corporate law, surety is the most widespread guarantee. To a company it represents, most of the time, an unsafe act because it may suffer adverse consequences from it. At the same time, regulation should retain some flexibility to meet the speed requirements of the business world. This is a delicate balance to achieve.This study aims at grasping the relationship between surety and the rules of corporate law. To carry out this undertaking, it was appropriate to consider the subject from two different angles, namely the surety bond as it is issued by a company, and that as granted for the benefit of a legal person.Such guarantee whether it is granted by a company or to it, is liable to give rise to difficulties with regard to the principles governing corporate law. Which explains why certain rules have been set. The guarantee is therefore governed by specific corporate rules that transcend the common law rules made to that effect. But it also involves meeting the formal requirements designed to protect the individual guarantor, and binding the creditor to obligations such as the duty of disclosure, duty of warning, the principle of proportionality ...If the Dutreil law has failed to observe the requirements of cohesion and simplification of surety law, can we therefore say that the future is dependent on a unification of the various laws pertaining to surety?
Dion, Fabrice. "Contractualisation et emploi public." Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020023.
Full textThis research consists in a study about the most appropriate status for civils servants and more generally, people who work for public utilities. It appears that it is a twofold question: first, it might be possible that every worker could have the same status created by a contract or an administrative decision. Secondly, an other system could be enacted, the coexistence of a special status for some of them, and a contract for the others. If this second option is chosen, the question is which kind of harmonisation between the status and the contract. The aim of this thesis is to answer to these questions. The first part is an analysis of the conditions of the work of the people who are linked by the public administration with a contract. They are called “contractuels”. The notion and its regime are analysed (especially, the condition of the recruitment and the career of these workers). The second part of the thesis consists in a larger study. Because of the logic of competition and performance, and under the influence of Europe, public utilities have changed. Their missions are different. So the status of the people who work for these services has changed too. This new status is a mix of contract and traditional administrative rule. A new kind of management and a new public law appear. The differences between civils servants are less and less important and, in the same way, their similarities with workers from the private sector are more important
Convert, Laurent. "L'impératif et le supplétif dans le droit des sociétés : étude de droit comparé : Angleterre, Espagne, France." Bordeaux 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR40008.
Full textThe objet of this thesis is to compare the obligations established in the area of company law in england, france and spain and the correlative freedom that the shareholders have to organize their relations as well as the freedom that the directors may have to run the business. Those three member-states know different law systems. Indeed the liberalism of english common law is quite different from the interventionnism of civil law and among the systems of civil law, spanish, company law and french company law are different as the statutory provisions of the former has been deeply reformed recently. The aim of this thesis is to : - compare the differences which arise between those three systems of company law - develop a strategy of business localization studying the advantages and disadvantages of setting up a company in those countries - examine the possibilities which appear to amend each system of company law - dicover the ways to make easier the european harmonization of member states' company law the obligations imposed on directors and shareholders and the freedom they have are studied on incorporation (types of companies available - promotion - dormant companies - memorandum and articles of association clauses) as well as during the time the business is run (direction - board - meetings - power of control - minority shareholders' rights - corporate governance - shareholders' agreements - taxation - take-overs and mergers, etc. ). Thus, this thesis consists in a comparison of what is free and what is compulsory in france, in spain and in england. This study concerns the small business as well as the big public companies listed on the stock excahnge. The obligations and the freedom are studied all along the life of the company with regards to the internal relations of the shareholders and the external relations of the company as well
Hu, Xinyu. "Le groupe de sociétés en droit français et droit chinois." Angers, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00967978.
Full textThe creation of corporate group became one significant economic phenomenon in our modern society. In France as well as in China, this phenomenon is acknowledged in the different ways by the various branches of law. It is taken into consideration by the company law, the accounting law, the tax law, the financial law, the labour law, the competition law and even by the criminal law. In each country, the ways of acknowledgement of the corporate group are not identical, due to the difference of the objectives that the various branches of law attempt to realize. The establishment of one special law for the corporate group, which recognizes its unified legal status, appears to be improper. Up to now, the corporate groups have not yet been perfectly described in legal terms, and do not constitute a solid legal conception. The legislation of one corporate group law seems to be impossible, unless a fundamental revision of the current company law were realized. In order to avoid the ignorance of the economical reality of the corporate group by the law, it is better to proceed to the adjustment of the currently effective legal provisions. In this respect, the French law constitutes one model to be followed by the Chinese law. The latter could, through the legal reforms in the future, be inspired by the legal and judicial rules of the French law, which seeks to preserve not only the economical vitality of the corporate group, but also the balance of the conflicting interests of the stakeholders. With regard to the relations between the majority shareholders, the minority shareholders and the corporate directors, the French law comes to demonstrate that traditional rules of the company law, after adaptation, are normally sufficient to resolve the problems incurred within the corporate group. Furthermore, the French legal provisions appear capable to maintain a balanced solution related to the group's responsibility vis-à-vis the creditors (employees included). This balance is ensured in French law by a series of classical provisions, such as the "fictivité"(false company), confusion of assets as well as the liability of the de facto directors. The Chinese law, currently under strong influence of the Anglo-Saxons legal provisions - especially the "Business Judgement Rule" and the "Piercing the corporate veil" rule, could refer to the French provisions, which is more adapted and efficient
Goffaux-Callebaut, Géraldine. "Du contrat en droit des sociétés : essai sur le contrat instrument d'adaptation du droit des sociétés." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE0035.
Full textCouturier, Gaël. "Droit des sociétés et droit des entreprises en difficulté." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30088.
Full textIt is commonly understood that, when considering ailing companies, the conflicts that arise between concurrently applicable corporate law and insolvency law can be solved with “special law” that prevails over “ordinary law”. This understanding has lost some relevance through the transformation of “bankruptcy law” into “distressed business law”. The trend towards the use of explicit contracts in these fields is bringing about a change in their finality, content and scope. This evolution of corporate law and insolvency law is creating new apprehension on the part of both the distressed company and the creditors, with the result that both parties are looking for means to combine these subjects when organising the recovery of an ailing firm. Their coexistence in substantive law turns out to be even more subtle and complex. In the case of an amicable settlement of a dispute, a synergy exists between corporate law and insolvency law whereas when a settlement is imposed under court supervision, the prevalence of insolvency law over corporate law is notable. Despite distinct origins, differing finality and radically opposing functions, a common logic motivates the relation between corporate law and insolvency law revealing a legal corpus and case law as a testament to the existence of an “ailing company law”
Papantoni, Maria. "L'immixtion dans le droit des sociétés." Paris 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA020049.
Full textThe legal term of intervention underlines both the infringement of a rule and the result of an action which is prohibite d. In the corporation law, the study of intervention in the management of a corporation as also of his binding principle of non-intervention can't elude the question of the corporation function, which is based on the rule of majority and on the hierarchy of the corporation organs. So, the forms of intervention practised not only by the share-holders or the organs of control but also by the external authorities of a corporation, vary according to the interventionist's quality. How is this upward tendency of interventi on conciliated with law whose main function is to condemn faulty behaviours? at this point, law has not an accurate position. On one hand, the intervention, which is clearly prohibited by the law and is done by one's free will, is considered as a "direction de fait" with all the consequences of responsibility coming out. On the other hand, the intervention, which is tolerated, results from interference in crises which change a corporation's function. Indeed, the intervention doesn't only mean the usurpation of the directors' management power but also the corporation management leaning
Gaborit, Laetitia. "Le formalisme en droit des sociétés." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE0039.
Full textIn a legal system know to be formalistic, the exchange of consents could never be considered as satisfactory. Formalism is analyzed as the obligation to comply with forms, required prior to the conclusion of legal acts and such, under penality of sanctions. Formalism may have different features : solemnity, proof, publication or administratif. Formalism is therefore an essential condition for the validity and effectiveness of corporate deeds with regard to third parties. However, along with this will to regulations in force, practitionners wish to benefit from more flexibility and freedom in the organization and functioning of companies. Recent development in company law has occurred both by the contribution of rules coming from related branches such as financial and stock-exchange law and harmonization of French company law through the incorporation of Européean Community Law an dits directives. These European contributions highlight the weak points of French law compared to foreign laws and make way for the arrival of more liberal corporate structures in our economic space ; the beginning of signs of liberalisme and contractualization of company law, to the detriment of the formalist system
Duvaud, Anne-Laure. "La forme en droit des sociétés." Paris 12, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA122003.
Full textForm is becoming increasingly important under corporate law. The creation of entities is traditionally subject to the performance of legal formalities. Their whole life is interspersed with obligations to provide information in order to achieve a level of transparency, which is supposed to be the ultimate aspiration in business law. It is therefore necessary to acknowledge the current diversity of forms based on two grounds: legal security, a traditional concern; and good governance, which is more recent. This trend shows that a new company philosophy where, through an increasing number of formal requirements, the aim is to restrict managing officers' powers and impose strict obligations to ensure market transparency and shareholders' protection. This variety of forms also raises a number of issues in relation to the traditional principle of business secrecy. Also, one may wonder about the risk that over-information might encourage shareholders to remain uninterested in corporate life
Hill, Sidonie. "La fraude en droit des sociétés." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA110011.
Full textDom, Jean-Philippe. "Les montages en droit des sociétés." Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR1D029.
Full textAssembling contracts is one of the consequences of juridical engineering. They exist in the practice of business law. Assembling contracts consist in the superposition of contracts in order to reach specific economical aims. These aims turn on the heritage and the power. In order to conceptualize this notion, practice of assembling acts has been studied before its juridical regime
Lecourt, Benoît. "Droit communautaire et constitution de sociétés." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010291.
Full textEuropean community law has caused a complete overhaul of domestic law about the formation of companies. The merging of community law into the different european legal systems has operated to the detriment of community law, since the latter has melted away into the former. Yet, community law has contributed to deeply modifying such key notions as the incorporation procedures, the various checks operated by authorised officials, or the concept of artificial person. Over the past thirty years, as a result of directives and regulations, european community law has evolved into a body of rules applicable to all types of businesses. Indeed, community law aims at establishing rules applicable, on the one hand, to companies whose object is to make and share profits, and, on the other hand, to any grouping carrying out some kind of economic activity, such as profit-making associations or economic interest groupings. Thus, by laying down a new definition of what a company is, community law could well influence domestic legislative bodies into establishing a rational classification of all the types of businesses. However, by redefining what a company is, european legislations have laid the emphasis on all the acts related to the formation of a company, thus restricting promoters 'freedom of choice. In the future, european legislations may well have to take into greater account the widespread revival, in most european countries, of the notion of freedom of contract in company law
Hauguel, Jean-Baptiste. "Les nullités en droit des sociétés." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0149.
Full textIn corporate law, the nullity of certain juridical acts has been specifically regulated. First of all, a juridical regime derogating from the common law of contract was put in place for nullities in corporate settings. In order to shield third parties, of the corporation and its associates, the legislator has, under the influence of the European Union, strictly defined the causes for nullity and adapted the related sanction regime. Indeed, any clause opposing an imperative disposition is considered void. The similarity with nullities therefore allowed identifying procedural rules required for the implementation of the aforementioned sanctions. Secondly, corporate law provides a special regime applicable to the nullity of corporate acts and deliberations. Nevertheless, quite in opposition with the nullity of the corporation itself, control over sanctions further rests on its regime rather than on the regulation of its causes. As shown, for example, in the reinforcement over control of the interest in bringing proceedings for a claimant or even in the contemporary development of optional nullities. However, the issues brought about by nullities in corporate law do not only concern the partnership agreement or the corporate acts and deliberations. On the one hand, the assignments of corporate rights are, considering the singularity of their object and context, the source of endless litigation. For the sake of foreseeability, it appeared necessary to analyze both the causes for such nullity and the regime of restitutions. On the other hand, securities agreed upon by a corporation for a third party beneficiary are at the source of an increasing number of legal disputes. Furthermore, reviewing their nullities has appeared indispensable to surpass the issues that have arisen with the implementation of the criteria of the corporate object and interest. Moreover, studying corporate law through the lens of nullification has allowed the testing of both the contractual analysis of the corporation and the modern theory of nullity and, inversely, allowed the enriching of the juridical act theory
Branco, Fernandes Yann. "L'emprunt en droit bancaire des sociétés." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10061.
Full textNowadays, the loan becomes particularly important in heritage activity of natural and legal persons, mostly thanks to the intervention of banks and financial institutions. In this regard, it is interesting to see how the banking law can change the perception of this mechanism and vice versa. If the law could enter the currency, quantitative expression of the money, he could take over the concept of borrowing? A priori, the answer must be negative despite the existence of related concepts: credit, loan, debt, debt. This study shows that the loan polymorphic concept can be defined as a voluntary global approach, planned and educated, necessarily related to the cyclical needs of companies that creates a financial liability resulting from the exemption and refundable credits Term which conditions are determined in advance. The idea of a dynamic global approach redefines the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders to the loan. This change of vision allows variation of the classic patterns of financing by the loan and thus offer a new vision reconciling the law and economics. The borrowing relationship is therefore a long history that binds the bank to the financial markets, credit to corporations, law and the economy: it is a way of funding. Not one time made, it will firstly demonstrate that the loan requires prior investigation and secondly, to show that the loan meets a cyclical approach to life through its corporate activity by means which can be implemented both in its investment in its exploitation
Delvallée, Julien. "La collégialité en droit des sociétés." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D002.
Full textCollegiality, as the pivotal concept in corporate law, is often limited to the corporate bodies, if not confined to the collective decision-making process. The study tends to go beyond the institutional dimesion of the collegial authority. The aim is to investigate the foundations, the unity, the ambit, the limits and the value of collegiality as both a notion and a practice, in spite of the variety of colleges. To this end, the collegial organization and function should be considered equally. As a result, collegiality means a plurality of persons or colleges (at least two) (1) who, together and equally by conciliated deliberation (2), promote the realization of a collaborative project or the performance of a shared mission (3). However, there are two types of collegiality as defined by the college's unity itself: there are collaborative projects (partners) ; and shared missions or functions (other bodies). The essence and the strength of rights and obligations to each of the members is influenced by what makes the unity of a college. The same thing goes for the way in which the collegial organization functions. It will function in a unitary manner for unilateral establishment and collective acts. A collegial functioning, on the other hand, supposes flexible and adjustable techniques. Finally is collegiality a principle of corporate law ? For the partners this is obvious: collegiality is intrinsic to the group they constitute, to the organization and to their functioning, without having to plan it. For the other bodies the answer may vary. Collegiality is only a principle of organization and functioning if a norm requires it to be
Cervetti, Pierre-Dominique. "Du bon usage de la contractualisation en droit de la propriété intellectuelle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1023.
Full textThe contractualization is a contemporary trend which crosses numerous branches of the law. As a process of regulation, it implies the participation of the stakeholders in the elaboration and the evolution of the law. This thesis aims at verifying its relevance and determining its impact in intellectual property law, domain dominated by the law and order, but subject to a deep loss of legitimacy. Reflecting a withdrawal of the law and order and a real dynamics of rule-making, the contractualization covers two levels. First of all, in the contractual relationship, the contractualization allows the holder of a subjective right to negotiate the exercise of its individual prerogatives and to confer a certain freedom and power to act that he can practice instead of his cocontracting party. In this case, the contractualization is presented as a vector of subjective rights. Then, in the upper level, the contractualization appears as a new mode of regulation. The stakeholders are associated to the elaboration of the law, either by delegation, or by incentive. This additional contractualization intends to produce private standards basing quite at the same time on the idea of flexibility and voluntary consent. These private standards will finally be received in the legal order assuming that they realize a balance between the economic utility of the proposed arrangement and the social value carried by compulsory rule. In this second prospect, the contractual standard appears as a legal model which should be encouraged, halfway between the spontaneous legal rule and the negotiated legal rule
Mouzoulas, Spilios. "La contribution des directives européennes sur le droit des sociétés à l'évolution du droit français des sociétés commerciales." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100081.
Full textMany of the amendments of the 1966 companies act have been imposed by the European directives: corporate capital, company and group [--], mechanisms protecting the persons contracting with the companies are largely influenced by European law. Directives, in the effort of community organs to ensure the realization of the common market of securities, have also contributed to the development of the disclosure policy and of the statute of [--] companies. Other reforms inspired by community texts are actually in preparation in France, for instance, the draft on commercial companies’ mergers. On the other hand, ninth directive will serve as the model for a French law concerning the connected enterprises, tenth directives will facilitate international mergers of French corporations and the fifth directive will introduce substantial modifications on French law
Franses, Pascal. "L'exercice sous forme sociale et en groupe des professions libérales : (sociétés civiles professionnelles, sociétés d'exercice libéral)." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE0008.
Full textBalsan, Laurie. "Les sociétés de gestion collective : contribution à l'étude du lien entre sociétés et auteurs ou artistes-interprètes adhérents." Lyon 3, 2007. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2007_out_balsan_l.pdf.
Full textCollective administration presents considerable advantages. Most of the time, authors or artists are isolated individuals. Free market rules would probably lead to very low incomes for them. Doctrine on the whole agrees on the fact that individual administration of rights would induce considerable practical problems for the author or the “isolated” artist. The incapacity for the holders of such rights to manage these rights alone requires them in practice to use the services of a collective administration body. Collective administration bodies can be defined as follows: « specific non trading companies whose partners must be owners of copyrights which are pooled for common administration purposes. The collective administration mission of these bodies mainly consists in controlling and defending such rights, promoting its members' interests and delivering licences for the benefit of their members, and finally collecting and allocating licence remunerations ». Obviously, these bodies are at the junction of several laws on the common base of civil law: intellectual property law, corporate law, competition law, etc. And other specific laws at different degrees. In addition, on the basis of some court decisions, it seems that a specific rule is applicable to these bodies in the form of an "ultra special law” i. E. "collective administration companies law”. Concerning these bodies, the partitioning between various laws leads to a blurred system. The goal of this thesis is to clarify all the rules applicable to collective administration bodies and more precisely to the relationship between these bodies and their members. Finally, the purpose of this study is to demonstrate the consistent legal form surrounding this relationship
Hannoun, Charley. "Le droit et les groupes de sociétés." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100054.
Full textThe subject of this research is to bring out an explanatory theory of the relations between law and groups of companies. The initial intuition is that group's rights can't be separated from the general structure of contempory law. The general principle of "gouvernementalite" deducted from philosopher Michel Foucault’s analysis has since led us to observe the emergence of a new juridical system: the naturel economic right its two basic aspects: the search of balance and the economic and social "police". The law crisis thus should be the mere expression of the transition between two underlying rationalities: the "souveraineté" and the "gouvernementalité". Reinterpreted in the light of this analysis, the groups’ right shows the will to adjust two imperious contradictions: the maintenance of society’s autonomy principle and the acknowledgment of the groups. It arises from this the functional and relative character of the notion. On the basis of this rationality we have then tried to build, in a more technical way, a theory of corporate bodies’ transparency able to precise the criterion by which can be discussed the society’s autonomy principle to the benefit of economic unity. This notion draws nearer to other known notions like simulation, fraud or appearance. In that manner can be withdrew a lot of doubts concerning the groups law
Losfeld, Benoît. "Droit des obligations et droits des sociétés." Lille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL20025.
Full textThe study of contract law and corporation law is faced with convergent and opposite changes that drive these two parts of the law. This difficulty justifies studying the links between these parts of the law under the light of dialectical logic. Thus, the comparison of these two parts of the law allows of the assumption of the dialectics. The characteristic of corporation law as well as Memorandum and Articles of Associations claims for independence of specific law. However, this independence is offset by close interdependent links with contract law. Considering the dialectics established between both parts of the law, the use of a dialectical practice -showing the impact upon each other- will be studied. Impact of contract law upon corporation law : the first one as general law, spreads its effects over the second one, specific law wich is incomplete. Impact of corporation law upon contract law : firstly, specific law contributes to the traditional concepts developments into contract law. Secondly, it also favors the emergence of original tools into general law
Bouderhem, Rabaï. "La nationalité des sociétés en droit français." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00960318.
Full textSalomon, Renaud. "Le particularisme du droit pénal des sociétés." Paris 12, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA122003.
Full textMignon-Colombet, Astrid. "L'exécution forcée en droit des sociétés." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010294.
Full textLuby-Gaucher, Monique. "L'entreprise européenne : étude de droit des sociétés." Pau, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PAUU2013.
Full text"an economical integration by law means", such is the first target of the eec construction, whose essential aim is the building of an unified inland market to the first of january of 1993, market which will be free from any movement hindrance (for people, assets. . . ). The principal actor of this inter-state target is the firm. It's the firm (generally company-firm, in particular stock company) which is the major actor of such exchanges made easier. Consedering all these data, isn't it imaginable to envisage the building at next term of an "european firm", of a concept separated from national ideas and linked with a communal prospect? we can thus imagine the existence of compagnies, indeed created along a national law, but profiting by similar law conditions in all the eec states, but offering similar guaranties to partners and third persons, whatever the establishing state in the eec. Such an hypothesis seems all the more interesting that the recent evolution in eastern europe could involve a widen debate. (. . . )
Julien, Saint-Amand Pascal, and Saint-Amand Luc Julien. "La formation d'un droit européen des sociétés." Paris 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA020169.
Full textLaribi, Mohamed. "Les sociétés d'économie mixte en droit algérien." Paris 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA020010.
Full textTurriès, Fabrice. "Le renouveau du droit chinois des sociétés." Toulouse 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU10051.
Full textSchryve, Ludovic. "L'ordre public et le droit des sociétés." Lille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL20004.
Full textPublic policy and corporate law have traditionnaly tumultuous reprts. The presence of the fomer in tha latter is inextricably linked to the rôle that intends to play the State in the economy. The public policy of comporate law is oftendescribed as detailed and repressive. It would be a reflection of an era, that of the after war, where the State intended to control and govern all parts of economy. The tendency to regulate gradually fades now in the face of globalisation and the widespread opening markets to international competition. This redefinition of the rôle of the State does affect the concept of public policy in corporate law ? It is always embodied in an «economic» public policy or has evolved into its foundations or its tecnicals to adapt to the new relationship which the State is required to maintain with the market ?
Iranpour, Farhad. "Droit applicable au fonctionnement des sociétés commerciales." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE0024.
Full textCommercial companies are inescapable instruments of the modern capitalistic regime. The importance of commercial companies has especially demonstrated in their developments, by the international expansion of theirs social activity. The development of commercial companies on the international plan, produce the original problem that having their sources in the determination of the applicable law to the functioning of the company in a broad sense of the term : administrative and financial aspect of the functioning of the company. Indeed, the commercial company is essentially an economic entity whose good functioning demands an appropriate financial power. More, it is an organised economic entity since the surviving of the commercial company necessitates an efficient and punctual organisation. The originality of these problems on the international plan confers them a undeniable interest of the viewpoint of the juridical speculation. It allows in the first place, to verify the position of french law about the functioning of the commercial company and to analyse then the part of the principles of the conflict of laws and, to see if the application of the law of the head office : la lex societatis suffers exceptions, or well if this principle erases ahead the attraction of "lex mercatoria". The necessity of maintain the permanence and the unity of the juridical status of the company, confer to the law of the head office : la lex societatis, an area of application extra-territorial. But this principle of extra-territorialist must be limited in the interest of thirds. The protection of thirds party limit the extra-territorial status of the commercial company. This limitation is according to the reality of trade international that tends to protect the interest of thirds and to insure the security in the international trade on the one hand, and to safeguard the good functioning of operators of the international tradeon the other hand. In this study, we will demonstrate this contemporary tendency that consists in conciliate needs of the trade by conferring to the company an extra-territorial status, and the necessity of the protection of the interest of thirds in commercial relationships that translated in the territorialism or in the universalism "lex mercatoria". This conciliation dominates the study of the different conflicts of laws that make born the various aspec of the functioning of the company, conflicts whose examination will be distributed in two devoted parts to "the applicable law of the financial aspect of the functioning of the commercial company and to the applicable law to the administrative aspect of the functioning of the commercial company"
Bouveresse, Julia. "Les conflits d'intérêts en droit des sociétés." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR30014.
Full textAll shareholders express a convergent interest in the company : sharing the social benefit with loyalty. This community of interest units the shareholders and ensures the good running of the company. However, the mechanism of the company is seized up when a shareholder or a director chooses to satisfy his personnel interest that is contrary to the common interest of shareholders. Such situation then generates a conflict of interests which can takes two forms. It can be "horizontal" when it disturbs the game of relations between shareholders. And it can be "vertical" when it affects the relationship between shareholders and director. These various manifestations of the conflict of interests are violating the common interest and therefore harm the shareholders. In spite of the reforms, the corporate law only rules the conflict of interests in a deficient way. However, the harmfulness of these conflicts requires general regulations which combine prevention and sanction
Boulogne-Yang-Ting, Corinne. "Les incapacités et le droit des sociétés." Antilles-Guyane, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AGUY0098.
Full textIn an article founder published in 1947, Roger HOUIN wrote that "the word incapacity, although it is one of the most usual in the legal langage, presents such an inaccuracy that its employement raised multiple controversies. " The accuracy of the observation is not to underline. In the more running language, it expresses an impossibility in fact or right, or an incompetence. However, this restriction is not an incapacity. It is important to make the difference (the departure) between those which can receive this qualification and the others, and that more especially as the legislator multiplies the recourses to these measurements in company law, like means of police force of the activity (?). Therefore, it appears that inspite of their purposes, often different from their methods, they present an indeniable unit as a notion. On the other hand, their mode translates a diversity because the incapacitý is a technic which serves a legal policy