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1
Universities and regional development: A critical assessment of tensions and contradictions. Routledge, 2012.
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The state of East Africa report, 2006: Trends, tensions, and contradictions : the leadership challenge. Society for International Development, Regional Office for Eastern Africa, 2006.
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Hedvall, Karen Nowé. Tensions and contradictions in information management: An activity-theoretical approach to information activities in a Swedish youth/peace organisation. VALFRID, 2007.
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Les tensions du langage: La linguistique de Jakobson entre le binarisme et la contradiction. P. Lang, 1994.
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Bocharnikov, Igor'. The Caucasus in the History of Russia. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1318777.
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The monograph defines the origins, essence and content of the Caucasian policy of Russia, its main stages, its significance for the development of Russian statehood and the peoples of the region.
 The monograph pays special attention to the Caucasian wars of Russia, the experience of suppressing anti-Russian and anti-Soviet armed demonstrations in the region. The historical and modern experience of the development of the Caucasus region shows that the weakening of Russia's position in the region naturally leads to an escalation of tension and conflict, aggravation of inter-ethnic contradictions, manifestations of extremism and other forms of destructive activities that threaten the life of citizens and peoples of the Caucasus. As a result, the strength of Russia's position in the Caucasus is a guarantee of the safe and free development of the peoples of the region.
 The author's conclusions and suggestions presented in the monograph can be used in the process of implementing a balanced and verified policy in order to ensure the national security and interests of the Russian Federation in the North Caucasus, building relations with neighboring states in the region, as well as other international actors positioning their involvement in the political processes of the South Caucasus.
 It is addressed to researchers, teachers, students, a wide range of readers.
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Johansen, Jan Heiberg. Paradox Management: Contradictions and Tensions in Complex Organizations. Palgrave Pivot, 2019.
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Johansen, Jan Heiberg. Paradox Management: Contradictions and Tensions in Complex Organizations. Palgrave Pivot, 2018.
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Child protection and family support: Tensions, contradictions, and possibilities. Routledge, 1997.
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Parton, Nigel. Child Protection and Family Support: Tensions, Contradictions and Possibilities. Taylor & Francis, Inc., 1997.
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Child protection and family support: Tensions, contradictions and possibilities. Routledge, 1999.
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Anderson, Greg. A World of Contradictions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190886646.003.0003.
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Even when taken on its own terms, our “democratic Athens” is riddled with improbable tensions, paradoxes, and contradictions. Most obviously, it requires us to believe that a proto-modern, egalitarian “democracy” could somehow co-exist with the manifestly undemocratic treatment of female Athenians, with flagrant inequalities of wealth between male Athenians, and with the mass exploitation of tens of thousands of slaves and imperial subjects. In other words, it requires us to believe that political experience was demonstrably and continually at odds with experience in most if not all other societal “fields.” Apparently, the alleged “democratic” essence of Athenian social being was continually confounded by life in all the households, the workplaces, and the subjugated poleis which materially sustained that same social being. Moreover, there is no evidence whatsoever that the Athenians themselves were even aware of all these fundmental paradoxes, tensions, and contradictions in their midst.
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Child Protection and Family Support: Tensions, Contradictions and Possibilities (State of Welfare). Routledge, 1997.
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Parton, Nigel. Child Protection and Family Support: Tensions, Contradictions and Possibilities (The State of Welfare). Routledge, 1997.
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British Nuclear Weapons And The Test Ban 195473 Britain The United States Weapons Policies And Nuclear Testing Tensions And Contradictions. Ashgate Publishing, 2010.
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Jarrett, Michael, and Russ Vince. Psychoanalytic Theory, Emotion, and Organizational Paradox. Edited by Wendy K. Smith, Marianne W. Lewis, Paula Jarzabkowski, and Ann Langley. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198754428.013.2.
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This chapter discusses the psychoanalytic foundations of organizational paradox. It argues that psychoanalytic theories offer a framework for the study of emotions in organizations and for the paradoxical tensions arising from emotions. It develops an analytical framework to discuss three core constructs of psychoanalytic thinking: unconscious emotions; defense mechanisms; and “the analytic attitude,” which is used to gain awareness of unconscious emotions, and as the basis of interventions to balance the contradictions (or paradoxical nature) of defense mechanisms. These constructs manifest in three dimensions of the workplace: among leaders, within groups, and in the organization itself. In the leadership dimension a new concept, the paradox of authority, to describe the tension between internal pulls and external roles that both support and undermine leadership, is introduced. It is shown how psychoanalytic theory can help to comprehend the power relationships embedded in implicit structures and their effects on organizational change.
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Woodin, Tom. Working-class writing and publishing in the late-twentieth century. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719091117.001.0001.
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This is a unique study of working class writing and community publishing. It evaluates the largely unexamined history of the emergence and development of working class writing and publishing workshops since the 1970s. The nature of working class writing is assessed in relation to the work of young people, older people, adult literacy students as well as writing workshops. Key themes and tensions in working class writing are explored in relation to historical and literary frameworks. This is the first in-depth study of this body of writing. In addition, a number of crucial debates are examined, for example, over class and identity, critical pedagogy and learning, the relationships with audiences, the role of mainstream cultural institutions in comparison with alternatives. The contradictions and tensions in all these areas are surveyed in coming to a historical understanding of this topic.
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Smith, Wendy K., Marianne W. Lewis, Paula Jarzabkowski, and Ann Langley. Introduction. Edited by Wendy K. Smith, Marianne W. Lewis, Paula Jarzabkowski, and Ann Langley. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198754428.013.30.
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While dating back to ancient philosophy, only recently have organizational scholars started to explore paradox. Drawing from insights across disciplines including psychoanalysis and macro sociology, some provocative theorists urged researchers to take seriously the study of paradox and deepen understanding of plurality, tensions, and contradictions. Scholars responded. Studies of organizational paradox have grown exponentially over twenty years, canvassing varied phenomena, methods, and levels of analysis. As paradox studies grow, new insights challenge foundational ideas, and raise questions around definitions, overlapping lenses, and varied research and managerial approaches. Alternative perspectives highlight divides while inviting complementary approaches. Reflecting on the state of paradox studies, the editors became aware that they were surfacing the paradoxes of paradoxes—contradictory, yet interdependent perspectives on paradox enveloped in the core theoretical assumptions. The introduction surfaces these paradoxes of paradoxes, noting how the chapters in this handbook both engage these tensions, while expanding insight into the field.
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Lewis, Marianne W. Vicious and Virtuous Cycles. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827436.003.0006.
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In this chapter we discuss how paradox theory proposes that contrasting approaches to paradox—interwoven and persistent contradictions—fuel vicious and virtuous cycles in organizations. Interwoven cognitive, emotional, and behavioural responses can trigger cyclical dynamics. Defensive responses reinforce counterproductive, either/or approaches, fostering stuckness in a struggle against the experience of tensions. In contrast, we explore the way in which engaging paradox enables movement that fosters both confidence and humility in one’s ability and need to continuously learn and change. The dramatic pendulum swings of the LEGO company serve as an illustration of this, enabling insights into these cycles and their fuel in practice.
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Carvalho, Henrique. Mutual Benefit, Property, and the Conceptual Foundations of Trust. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198737858.003.0004.
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This chapter builds on the discussion initiated in the previous chapter, contrasting the political theory of Thomas Hobbes with that of John Locke in order to argue that the same insecurity found in Hobbes’s account of criminal law and punishment is preserved in Locke’s model of society. It provides a rarely seen analysis of Locke’s account of crime and punishment, as well as the role which these concepts play in his broader political theory. This theoretical examination is used as an analogy through which to understand the tensions and contradictions found in the liberal model of criminal law, as well as its vulnerability to conditions of socio-political insecurity.
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Putnam, Linda L., and Karen Lee Ashcraft. Gender and Organizational Paradox. Edited by Wendy K. Smith, Marianne W. Lewis, Paula Jarzabkowski, and Ann Langley. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198754428.013.29.
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This chapter contrasts the modernist and postmodernist approaches to gender and organizational paradox, contradictions, and dialectics. Modernist scholarship highlights identity, visibility, and meritocracy paradoxes that treat gender as a dualism linked to double binds and inequality. Postmodern feminist research focuses on the doing or performing of gender that casts paradox as an opportunity to negotiate new identities and organizational forms. In this view, paradoxical tensions that stem from performing gender and diversity often lead to ambiguity, ambivalence, and dissonance that can create spaces for actions. The contrast of the two approaches shows how organizational paradox is not only indispensable to the product ion of gender and power but also to the ontology of organizations.
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Fojas, Camilla. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040924.003.0001.
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The story of U.S. power is revised after the economic crisis, creating an entirely new story form that begins, not with decline, but with an exhilarating freefall and ends with new ways of revitalizing white America. The postcrisis stories of class descent, sexual deviance, racial oppression, ruination, and disaster explore the contradictions and tensions exposed by the economic freefall. Popular culture of the Great Recession contributes to a social order shaped by economic precariousness and generates stories that encourage and enable publics to adapt to this new condition. These stories must not cross a certain threshold, one that would lead to insurrection. Perhaps all it takes is a little nudge to push these stories over the line, to reinterpret them and reframe their revolutionary and liberatory potential.
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Hohendahl, Peter Uwe. Perilous Futures. Cornell University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501726545.001.0001.
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The book re-examines Carl Schmitt’s late work, which until fairly recently received less attention because of its seemingly non-systematic nature. The study focuses on Schmitt’s major post-war publications, among them The Nomos of the Earth, Theory of the Partisan, Political Theology II as well as his diaries. It emphasizes formal and structural aspects, deliberately resisting a systematic approach, focusing instead on tensions and contradictions within Schmitt’s writings. The book explores Schmitt’s shift from a German nationalist position to a defence of an imperial European tradition, leading up to an international agenda that modifies Schmitt’s older position without giving up conceptual and theoretical continuities. Because of these modifications--that is the thesis of the study--Schmitt’s late work could gain international attention after the fall of the Berlin Wall, since it resonates with greater global instability and increasing doubts about the viability of international liberalism. Finally, Schmitt’s wide but controversial reception, both on the political Right and the Left, becomes the object of scrutiny against the backdrop of Schmitt’s precarious biographical situation and the global political development after World War II. It is the tension between this specific historical context and the later international appropriation that motivates and energizes this study. It aims at a critique of recent Schmitt enthusiasm.
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Schlosser, Nicholas J., ed. Radio Propaganda during the Ocupation, 1945–1949. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039690.003.0002.
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This chapter focuses on the founding of RIAS and how stations in East and West Berlin reported on the Berlin Blockade and Airlift. It shows how RIAS's formative years, from 1946 to 1949, were turbulent ones. Constant tensions existed both within and without the station with regard to what its purpose and responsibility as a radio broadcaster actually were. Personnel problems led to internal discord, rivalries, and frequent staff turnover. The rapidly deteriorating political situation in Berlin, as Allied cooperation collapsed and German political parties quickly aligned themselves with the rival superpowers, both fed and compounded these pressures. From the very beginning the inherent contradictions between objective news and propaganda came to shape the type of station RIAS became and the type of news and programming it broadcasted.
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Hodgson, Peter C. Life in the Spirit. Edited by Joel D. S. Rasmussen, Judith Wolfe, and Johannes Zachhuber. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198718406.013.7.
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‘Life in the Spirit’, an ancient conviction of the Church, finds diverse new meanings among the thinkers of the nineteenth century. The chapter starts with a distinguished line of Protestants from Schleiermacher, Hegel, and Kierkegaard to Bushnell, Royce, and Troeltsch. Then it turns to three Anglicans (Coleridge, Maurice, Gore); to Möhler and the Catholic Tübingen School; and to Soloviev and Russian religious thought. It ends with ‘marginalized voices’ of the century, voices that spoke of the Spirit in the genre not of theology but of sermon, song, and story. The purpose is to display as much variety in viewpoint as possible and not to resolve contradictions. Tensions are inherent to the topic itself. It is clear that, despite the centrality of Christological issues in this century, the Spirit too comes into its own, blowing in every direction.
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Ives, Peter. Language and the State in Western Political Theory. Edited by James W. Tollefson and Miguel Pérez-Milans. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190458898.013.16.
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This chapter examines the relationship between language policy and planning (LPP) and political theory, specifically the major figures of modern European political philosophy: Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Johann Gottfried Herder. This chapter illustrates how these four figures’ diverse philosophical conceptions of language have differing implications for government policy aimed at language usage, and how these implications are evident in current LPP theory and practice. Although Locke and Herder are widely seen as mainstays of modern Eurocentric language ideologies central to the armature to the modern nation-state, it is also fruitful to pay greater attention to the tensions and contradictions within what has been depicted as a single ideology. Thus, the purpose here is to analyze connections between specific conceptions of language and various implied or explicit understandings of the relationship(s) between language use and government activity.
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Gray, Erik. Kissing. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198752974.003.0004.
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This chapter concerns kissing, which has figured prominently in the love poetry tradition. A poem is the natural correlative to a kiss. Both are oral pleasures; both are simultaneously sensual and spiritual, providing satisfaction in themselves while also sublimating or substituting for more intimate forms of erotic contact. Above all, both reflect the many contradictions that cluster around love. Like a poem, a kiss both communicates and interferes with communication; it is both discrete and unbounded; it represents both union and separation. Beginning with Catullus and taking as its central figure the Renaissance poet Joannes Secundus, whose neoclassical Basia (Kisses) exerted a lasting influence, the chapter considers the structures that poets have consistently deployed to communicate the experience of a kiss, including not only rhyme but such tropes as chiasmus, parataxis, and polyptoton, all of which help figure forth the erotic tensions inherent in the act of kissing.
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Keymer, Thomas. Fictions, Libels, and Unions in the Long Eighteenth Century. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198736233.003.0005.
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This chapter considers the literary representation of union by way of three case studies: Jonathan Swift’s ‘The Story of the Injured Lady’ (written 1707, published 1746), Thomas Finn’s ‘The Painter Cut’ (1810), and Tobias Smollett’s Humphry Clinker (1771). Their polemical energy notwithstanding, the allegories of Swift and Finn also display tensions and articulate contradictions typifying the eighteenth century’s figurations of union. These complications may be explained in part as defences against possible prosecution, but they also imply mixed feelings about nationalist commitment, and an awareness of the conceptual or practical incoherence of unitary national identity. Smollett takes such tendencies to their extreme in his masterpiece Humphry Clinker, which juxtaposes multiple conflicting perspectives on union, and plays ironically on the anti-union rhetoric of Fletcher of Saltoun. He fashions the novel, a generation before Scott, as a genre uniquely equipped to address national identity in all its mobility and multiplicity.
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Byl, Julia. Music, Convert, and Subject in the North Sumatran Mission Field. Edited by Jonathan Dueck and Suzel Ana Reily. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199859993.013.6.
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This case study on the Toba Batak of Northern Sumatra focuses on a model 19th-century German missionary, whose success in the almost complete conversion of the Toba was predicated on a politics of selective tolerance, in which certain local codes and practices were encouraged, while others were identified for replacement with Christian practices and emblems. Through a discussion of the musical tensions involved in this process of selective exchange, Byl explores the ways in which the first missionaries negotiated identities that encompassed both their benevolent Christian convictions and their roles as effective agents of colonial power. For their part, Toba responses to the politics of missionization have also been complex and shot through with contradictions: as an institution, the church stood as a structure bolstering their defiant confrontation of Muslim Indonesia, while internally its implementation is remembered in terms of colonial policies and alliances.
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Agius, Christine. Rescuing the State? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190644031.003.0005.
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This chapter explores how two middle powers, Sweden and Australia, deploy the politics of protection in different ways. Sweden’s efforts to remake the state is viewed through a gender lens as part of efforts to disentangle its former neutral profile through more robust military applications, whilst embodying a peaceful self-narrative linked to military non-alignment, active internationalism and a ‘feminist foreign policy’. The second case explores efforts to reclaim a bounded concept of the sovereign state in Australia's masculinist and militarized approach to securing its borders with respect to asylum seekers. Australia seeks to reclaim a more traditional imagining of the state, or a return to ‘restoring’ state sovereignty perceived to be under threat by globalising forces. Both case studies explore the inherently gendered and securitized reworking and revisioning of the state, and the tensions and contradictions that emerge in questions of security, sovereignty and identity.
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Cohan, Steven. Movie-Struck Hollywood. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190865788.003.0004.
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This chapter looks at female star narratives of the 1920s and 1930s, from The Extra Girl (1923) and Souls for Sale (1923) to Alice in Movieland (1940) and Star Dust (1940), discussing their historical if increasingly anachronistic basis in the problematic figure of “the movie-struck girl.” This was the figuration of the female fan of the silent era who went to Hollywood in search of economic, emotional, and sexual independence. The contradictions raised by the “movie-struck girl” were inherent in the institutionalization of female stardom. Thus, these tensions structure early star narratives, which equate Hollywood with stardom. But far from simply catering to fan girls as a means of reinforcing their investment in Hollywood stardom, these backstudio pictures feature strong, active, and desiring young women set in counterpoint to the manipulative or paternal-minded men running the industry and for whom female stars are commodities.
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Berman, Joshua A. The Exodus Sea Account (Exod 13:17–15:19) in Light of the Kadesh Inscriptions of Ramesses II. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190658809.003.0003.
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The Exodus sea account bears strong affinities with the Kadesh Poem of Ramesses II. The two compositions share a lengthy and distinct common plot structure featuring many tropes which are distinct to these two works alone. The Exodus sea account is an appropriation of the Kadesh Poem, as part of an ideological battle with Ramesses II. The differences between the prose and poetic accounts of the crossing of the sea in Exodus chs. 14 and 15 are highly reminiscent of the types of differences between the multiple versions of the battle of Kadesh that Ramesses commissioned upon his return home from battle with the Hittites. The longest of the three inscriptions, the Kadesh Poem—universally understood as composed by one agent—is rife with the types of inner tensions and contradictions that often lead modern critics to conclude that the texts of the Hebrew Bible are the result of revision and redaction.
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Delton, Jennifer A. The Industrialists. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691167862.001.0001.
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Founded in 1895, the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) helped make manufacturing the basis of the US economy and a major source of jobs in the twentieth century. This book traces the history of the advocacy group from its origins to today, examining its role in shaping modern capitalism, while also highlighting the many tensions and contradictions within the organization that sometimes hampered its mission. The book argues that NAM—an organization best known for fighting unions, promoting “free enterprise,” and defending corporate interests—was also surprisingly progressive. The book shows how it encouraged companies to adopt innovations such as safety standards, workers' compensation, and affirmative action, and worked with the US government and international organizations to promote the free exchange of goods and services across national borders. While NAM's modernizing and globalizing activities helped to make US industry the most profitable and productive in the world by midcentury, they also eventually led to deindustrialization, plant closings, and the decline of manufacturing jobs. The book is the story of a powerful organization that fought US manufacturing's political battles, created its economic infrastructure, and expanded its global markets—only to contribute to the widespread collapse of US manufacturing by the close of the twentieth century.
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Lampert, Sara E. Starring Women. University of Illinois Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252043352.001.0001.
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Star actresses and dancers were among the most publicly visible, celebrated, and often polarizing female public figures in the early United States. This book examines the careers and celebrity of the women and girls from Europe and America whose fame drove the growth and transformation of theater between 1790 and 1850 from the Atlantic seaboard to the trans-Appalachian West. Starring women introduced new repertoire—melodramas, breeches roles, dance pantomime and ballet—that catalyzed debates about social ownership of American culture, regional and national identity, and women’s place in public life. This book transforms existing understandings of early U.S. theater and culture by examining a broad cohort of understudied figures and argues that women stars were vital to the development of transatlantic and U.S. entertainment, celebrity culture, and gender ideology. Most significantly, starring women lived and performed the tensions and contradictions of changing nineteenth-century gender roles. As this book demonstrates, even while they achieved unprecedented levels of wealth and prominence through the “starring system,” the patriarchal family structures that governed women’s lives and careers conditioned their participation in the industry. The celebrity culture that expanded from the 1820s demanded that starring women conform to new standards of sentimental domestic femininity, even as the structural realities of their lives defied such standards. Starring women were exceptional figures who mapped the margins of a narrowing white middle-class domestic ideal.
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Heinz, Annelise. Mahjong. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190081799.001.0001.
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Mahjong: A Chinese Game and the Making of Modern American Culture illustrates how the spaces between tiles and the moments between games have fostered distinct social cultures in the United States. When this mass-produced game crossed the Pacific it created waves of popularity over the twentieth century. Mahjong narrates the history of this game to show how it has created a variety of meanings, among them American modernity, Chinese American heritage, and Jewish American women’s culture. As it traveled from China to the United States and caught on with Hollywood starlets, high society, middle-class housewives, and immigrants alike, mahjong became a quintessentially American pastime. This book also reveals the ways in which women leveraged a game for a variety of economic and cultural purposes, including entrepreneurship, self-expression, philanthropy, and ethnic community building. One result was the forging of friendships within mahjong groups that lasted decades. This study unfolds in two parts. The first half is focused on mahjong’s history as related to consumerism, with a close examination of its economic and cultural origins. The second half explores how mahjong interwove with the experiences of racial inclusion and exclusion in the evolving definition of what it means to be American. Mahjong players, promoters, entrepreneurs, and critics tell a broad story of American modernity. The apparent contradictions of the game—as both American and foreign, modern and supposedly ancient, domestic and disruptive of domesticity—reveal the tensions that lie at the heart of modern American culture.
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Aliverti, Ana. Policing the Borders Within. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198868828.001.0001.
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Policing the Borders Within offers an in-depth, comprehensive exploration of the everyday working of inland border controls in Britain informed by extensive empirical material explored through the lens of wide-ranging interdisciplinary debates. In particular, this book examines afresh the relationship between policing, borders, and social order through the lens of migration policing. By charting this new landscape of everyday contemporary policing, the book’s main goal is to advance understanding of novel forms of law enforcement in a global age. These new forms of collaboration direct attention to the way in which front-line enforcement agents through their everyday work recreate the border, and not just enforce it. As the book argues, the emphasis on borders and migration controls and the growing importance of it within inland everyday policing is a symptom of the new demands and challenges facing the state in exercising authority in a fast-moving, interconnected world, and its attempt to offer a semblance of order. Such challenges result in practice in the random, capricious, informal, and arbitrary operation of power, which relies on non-rational, magic-like elements to solve policing problems. Through an ethnography of the worlds of police and immigration officers, the book dissects the ethical, political, legal, and social dilemmas, tensions, and contradictions posed by the task of maintaining order in a deeply unequal globalized world. The new impetus to police migration is an insightful entry point to understanding law enforcement in a global age.
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Bigger, Stephen, and Sean Warren. Living Contradiction: A Teacher's Examination of Tension and Disruption in Schools, in Classrooms, and in Self. Crown House Publishing, 2017.
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Ince, Onur Ulas. Colonial Capitalism and the Dilemmas of Liberalism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190637293.001.0001.
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This book analyzes the relationship between liberalism and empire from the perspective of political economy. It investigates the formative impact of “colonial capitalism” on the historical development of British liberal thought between the late seventeenth and early nineteenth centuries. It argues that liberalism as a political language developed through early modern debates over the contested meanings of property, exchange, and labor, which it examines respectively in the context of colonial land appropriations in the Americas, militarized trading in South Asia, and state-led proletarianization in Australasia. The book contends that the British Empire could be extolled as the “empire of liberty”—that is, the avatar of private property, free trade, and free labor—only on the condition that its colonial expropriation, extraction, and exploitation were “disavowed” and dissociated from the increasingly liberal conception of its capitalist economy. It identifies exemplary strategies of disavowal in the works of John Locke, Edmund Burke, and Edward G. Wakefield, who, as three liberal intellectuals of empire, attempted to navigate the ideological tensions between the liberal self-image of Britain and the violence that shaped its imperial economy. Challenging the prevalent tendency to study liberalism and empire around an abstract politics of universalism and colonial difference, the book discloses the ideological contradictions internal to Britain’s imperial economy and their critical influence on the formation of liberalism. It concludes that the disavowal of the violence constitutive of capitalist relations in the colonies has been crucial for crafting a liberal image for Anglophone imperialism and more generally for global capitalism.
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Lin, Jenny. Above Sea. Manchester University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526132604.001.0001.
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Shanghai, long known as mainland China’s most cosmopolitan metropolis, has recently re-emerged as a global capital. Above sea: Contemporary art, urban culture, and the fashioning of global Shanghai offers the first in-depth examination of turn of the twenty-first century Shanghai-based art and design – from state-sponsored exhibitions to fashionable cultural complexes to cutting edge films and installations. This book offers a counter-touristic view of one of the world’s fastest developing megacities that penetrates the contradictions and buried layers of specific locales and artifacts of visual culture. Informed by years of in-situ research including interviews with artists and designers, the book looks beyond contemporary art’s global hype to reveal persistent socio-political tensions accompanying Shanghai’s explosive transitions from semi-colonial capitalism to Maoist socialism to Communist Party-sponsored capitalism. Analyses of exemplary design projects such as Xintiandi and Shanghai Tang, and artworks by Liu Jianhua, Yang Fudong, Gu Wenda and more reveal how Shanghai’s global aesthetics construct glamorizing artifices that mask historically-rooted cross-cultural conflicts between vying notions of foreign-influenced modernity versus anti-colonialist nationalism, and the city’s repressed socialist past versus consumerist present. The book focuses on Shanghai-based art and design from the 1990s-2000s, the decades of the city’s most rapid post-socialist development, while also attending to pivotal Republican and Mao Era examples. Challenging the “East-meets-West” clichés that characterize discussions of urban Shanghai and contemporary Chinese art, this book illuminates critical issues facing today’s artists, architects, and designers, and provides an essential field guide for students of art, design, art history, urban studies, and Chinese culture.
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Pouillaude, Frédéric. Writing That Says Nothing. Translated by Anna Pakes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199314645.003.0009.
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This chapter looks at non-verbal and ideogrammatic inscriptions of movement, examining different choreographic notation systems and their relative failure to withstand the passage of time. It contends that the failure of dance notation is no mere historical accident, but the result of a fundamental conceptual tension. And rather than claiming that the supposed link between dance and presence nullifies every attempt at graphic inscription, this chapter argues that the difficulty consists in a more profound tension internal to the notational project. What remains to be shown is how the imperative of presence is reflected at the level of notational discourse itself, and articulated therein as a contradiction. Thus the chapter diagnoses this contradiction in the way that the linguistic paradigm becomes a constant point of reference, such that choreographic notation is said to stand to dance in the same relation as alphabetic writing stands to language.
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Liu-Farrer, Gracia. Immigrant Japan. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501748622.001.0001.
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Immigrant Japan? Sounds like a contradiction, but as this book shows, millions of immigrants make their lives in Japan, dealing with the tensions between belonging and not belonging in this ethno-nationalist country. Why do people want to come to Japan? Where do immigrants with various resources and demographic profiles fit in the economic landscape? How do immigrants narrate belonging in an environment where they are “other” at a time when mobility is increasingly easy and belonging increasingly complex? The book illuminates the lives of these immigrants by bringing in sociological, geographical, and psychological theories—guiding the reader through life trajectories of migrants of diverse backgrounds while also going so far as to suggest that Japan is already an immigrant country.
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Hermans, Hubert J. M. The Dynamics of Society-in-the-Self. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190687793.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
In the field of tension between globalization and localization, a set of new phenomena is emerging showing that society is not simply a social environment of self and identity but works in their deepest regions: self-radicalization, self-government, self-cure, self-nationalization, self-internationalization, and even self-marriage. The consequence is that the self is faced with an unprecedented density of self-parts, called I-positions in this theory. In the field of tension between boundary-crossing developments in the world and the search for an identity in a local niche, a self emerges that is characterized by a great variety of contradicting and heterogeneous I-positions and by large and unexpected jumps between different positions as the result of rapid and unexpected changes in the world. The chapter argues that such developments require a new vision of the relationship between self and society.
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Rohrhuber, Julian. Algorithmic Music and the Philosophy of Time. Edited by Roger T. Dean and Alex McLean. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190226992.013.1.
Full textAbstract:
What is time? This question has captivated philosophy again and again. The present chapter investigates how far algorithms involve temporality in a specific form, and why algorithmic music is a distinctive way of understanding time. Its orienting undercurrent is the idea that temporality, by its very nature, gives rise to conflictual perspectives that resist the attempt to be rendered in terms of a unified presence. These perspectives are coordinates of a tension field in which the algorithmic is necessarily embedded and invested, and which unfolds in algorithmic music. Drawing from a selection of examples and sources, the chapter leads through a series of such contradictions and touches upon a few interesting theories of time that have sprung from philosophy, music, and computer science, so as to actualize their mutual import.
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Bruce, Tricia Colleen. Boundaries. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190270315.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Personal parishes are established on the basis of a shared identity or purpose, not on the basis of shared neighborhood. They have no territorial boundaries apart from that of the diocese. Personal parishes’ presence alongside territorial parishes, therefore, raises questions about exactly how parish boundaries work, if they work, and why they continue to exist. American Catholics are increasingly mobile in their local religious practice, crossing boundaries to worship where they feel at home. This chapter argues that personal parishes resolve an institutional tension: Catholicism’s tradition of territoriality and boundaries, on the one hand, and the realities of American Catholics’ mobility, preference, and agency, on the other. The chapter traces the function and contradiction of parish boundaries in the contemporary Church. In so doing, it shows how institutions adapt organizational forms to accommodate new realities on the ground, reasserting institutional authority along the way.
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LeMoine, Rebecca. Plato's Caves. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190936983.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
From student protests over the teaching of canonical texts such as Plato’s Republic to the use of images of classical Greek statues in white supremacist propaganda, the world of the ancient Greeks is deeply implicated in a heated contemporary debate about identity and diversity. Plato’s Caves defends the bold thesis that Plato was a friend of cultural diversity, contrary to many contemporary perceptions. It shows that, across Plato’s dialogues, foreigners play a role similar to that of Socrates: liberating citizens from intellectual bondage. Through close readings of four Platonic dialogues—Republic, Menexenus, Laws, and Phaedrus—the author recovers Plato’s unique insight into the promise, and risk, of cross-cultural engagement. Like the Socratic “gadfly” who stings the “horse” of Athens into wakefulness, foreigners can provoke citizens to self-reflection by exposing contradictions and confronting them with alternative ways of life. The painfulness of this experience explains why encounters with foreigners often give rise to tension and conflict. Yet it also reveals why cultural diversity is an essential good. Simply put, exposure to cultural diversity helps one develop the intellectual humility one needs to be a good citizen and global neighbor. By illuminating Plato’s epistemological argument for cultural diversity, Plato’s Caves challenges readers to examine themselves and to reinvigorate their love of learning.
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Barkin, J. Samuel, and Laura Sjoberg. International Relations' Last Synthesis? Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190463427.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Many scholars, intentionally or unintentionally, have entangled constructivisms and critical theories in problematic ways, either by assigning a critical-theoretical politics to constructivisms or by assuming the appropriateness of constructivist epistemology and methods for critical theorizing. This book makes the argument that these connections mirror the grand theoretical syntheses of International Relations (IR) in the 1980s and 1990s, and have similar constraining effects on the possibilities of International Relations theory. These connections have been made without adequate reflection, in contradiction to the base assumptions of each theoretical perspective, and to the detriment of both knowledge accumulation about global politics and theoretical rigor in disciplinary International Relations. It is not that constructivisms and critical theories have no common ground but instead that the overstatement of their common ground that has become routine among International Relations scholars is counterproductive to the discovery and utilization of their potential dialogues. To that end, this book argues that scholars using the two in conjunction should be cognizant of, rather than gloss over, the tensions between them as approaches and the different tools they have to offer. Along these lines, the book uses the concept of affordances to look at what each has to offer the other, and to argue for a modest, reflective, specified return to (constructivist and critical) International Relations theorizing that has the potential to revive International Relations theorizing by rejecting its oversimple syntheses.
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Brennan, Matt. Kick It. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190683863.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
The drum kit—the combination of kick drum, snare drum, and cymbals—has provided the pulse of popular music from before the dawn of jazz up to the present day pop charts. This book is a provocative social history of the instrument that looks closely at key innovators in the development of the kit: inventors and manufacturers like the Ludwig and Zildjian dynasties, jazz icons like Gene Krupa and Max Roach, rock stars from Ringo Starr to Keith Moon, and popular artists who haven't always got their dues as drummers, such as Karen Carpenter and J Dilla. Addressing a seeming contradiction – the centrality of the drum kit on the one hand, and the general disparagement of drummers on the other—this book makes the case for the drum kit’s role as one of the most important and transformative musical inventions of the modern era. Going beyond its purely musical history, it uses the instrument to replay the wider history of the United States and to chart the rise of the drum kit’s global economic and cultural influence. Tackling the history of race relations, global migration, and the changing tension between high and low culture, it shows how the drum kit, drummers, and drumming helped change modern music—and society as a whole—from the bottom up.
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Lyons, John D., ed. The Oxford Handbook of the Baroque. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190678449.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Few periods in history are so fundamentally contradictory as the Baroque, the culture flourishing from the mid-sixteenth to the mid-eighteenth centuries in Europe. When we hear the term ‘Baroque,’ the first images that come to mind are symmetrically designed gardens in French chateaux, scenic fountains in Italian squares, and the vibrant rhythms of a harpsichord. Behind this commitment to rule, harmony, and rigid structure, however, the Baroque also embodies a deep fascination with wonder, excess, irrationality, and rebellion against order. The Oxford Handbook of the Baroque delves into this contradiction to provide a sweeping survey of the Baroque not only as a style but also as a historical, cultural, and intellectual concept. With its thirty-eight chapters edited by leading expert John D. Lyons, the Handbook explores different manifestations of Baroque culture, from theatricality in architecture and urbanism to opera and dance, from the role of water to innovations in fashion, from mechanistic philosophy and literature to the tension between religion and science. These discussions present the Baroque as a broad cultural phenomenon that arose in response to the enormous changes emerging from the sixteenth century: the division between Catholics and Protestants, the formation of nation-states and the growth of absolutist monarchies, the colonization of lands outside Europe and the mutual impact of European and non-European cultures. Technological developments such as the telescope and the microscope and even greater access to high-quality mirrors altered mankind’s view of the universe and of human identity itself. By exploring the Baroque in relation to these larger social upheavals, this Handbook reveals a fresh and surprisingly modern image of the Baroque as a powerful response to an epoch of crisis.