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Journal articles on the topic 'Contrastive linguistics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

van der Auwera, Johan. "From contrastive linguistics to linguistic typology." Languages in Contrast 12, no. 1 (January 12, 2012): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.12.1.05auw.

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The paper looks back at Hawkins (1986), A comparative typology of English and German, and shows, on the basis of raising and human impersonal pronouns in English, Dutch and German, that contrastive linguistics can be viewed as a pilot study in typology. It also pleads for doing the contrastive linguistics of three languages rather than of two, not least because the third language can teach us something about the other two.

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Kostova, Boryana. "The potential of contrastive analysis in the study of discourse." Studies in Linguistics, Culture, and FLT 10, no. 2 (August 22, 2022): 66–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.46687/yrol6006.

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The article focuses on contemporary trends in contrastive studies. As a point of departure the nature, history and evolution of contrastive linguistics are examined. Contrastive linguistics is viewed in relation to other disciplines such as comparative linguistics, comparative historical linguistics, linguistic typology, theory of translation, and foreign language teaching. Any aspect of language may be covered in cross-linguistic studies which involve a systematic comparison of two or more languages both at micro-linguistic and macro-linguistic level. The current trends are identified in terms of macro-linguistic widening of contrastive analysis which is applied in studies of specialized discourses such as media, political and academic communication. The findings are based on a small-scale research of contrastive studies published in Contrastive Linguistics, the oldest international journal for contrastive linguistics. By conducting quantitative and qualitative analysis and employing a diachronic approach conclusions are drawn about the need for the contrastive approach at macro-level, the type of linguistic phenomena studied and the preferred methods of contrastive analysis within a period of forty-six years. The findings show that there is only a slight increase in macro-linguistic analyses in recent years, but contrastive analysis remains a vibrant area of research with a potential for development at discourse level in particular and implications for intercultural understanding and tolerance.

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3

Belyaeva, Anastasiia. "CORPORA CREATION IN CONTRASTIVE LINGUISTICS." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 4(72) (December 27, 2018): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2018-4(72)-69-73.

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4

Defrancq, Bart. "Contrasting contrastive approaches." Contrasting contrastive approaches 15, no. 1 (April 3, 2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.15.1.01def.

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Harbert, Wayne. "Contrastive linguistics and language change." Languages in Contrast 12, no. 1 (January 12, 2012): 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.12.1.03har.

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Contrastive linguistic studies have focused almost exclusively on contrasting the synchronic grammars of modern standard language varieties. There may be some merit in expanding the scope of the enterprise to include contrastive investigations of grammatical systems with respect to how they change over time. Full understanding of some contrasts between grammars requires reference to the diachronic axis. This paper illustrates the point with one particular case in the Germanic languages, involving parallel instances of reanalysis of relative pronouns as relative complementizers in Yiddish, Afrikaans and Gothic. These parallel changes, operating on grammatical systems with slight differences in initial conditions, yield sharply different outcomes.

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König, Ekkehard. "Contrastive linguistics and language comparison." Languages in Contrast 12, no. 1 (January 12, 2012): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.12.1.02kon.

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After receiving enthusiastic support during the 1960s and 1970s, the program of ‘Contrastive linguistics’ led a somewhat modest, if not marginal, existence during the two subsequent decades. The main reason for the apparent failure of this program was, of course, that the high hopes seen in its potential for making foreign language teaching more efficient were disappointed. Empirical work on the process of L2-acquisition from different native languages as starting points showed that contrastive linguistics cannot simply be equated with a theory of foreign language acquisition. A second problem was that a central aspect of the contrastive program, i.e. the writing of comprehensive contrastive grammars for language pairs, was hardly ever properly implemented. Finally, there was the problem of finding a place for contrastive linguistics within the spectrum of language comparison, relative to other comparative approaches to linguistic analysis. It is the third of these issues that is addressed by the present article. It will be shown that only by relating contrastive linguistics to other subfields of comparative linguistics and by delimiting it from them will we obtain a clear picture of its agenda, its potential and its limits.

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RADZIIEVSKA, T. V., and V. M. Trub. "ITALIAN-UKRAINIAN CONTRASTIVE STUDIES: LINGUISTICS, LITERATURE, TRANSLATION." Movoznavstvo 315, no. 6 (December 17, 2020): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33190/0027-2833-315-2020-6-005.

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Inkova, Olga. "ON THE CONTRASTIVE METHOD IN LINGUISTIC STUDIES." Lomonosov Journal of Philology, no. 6 (March 19, 2023): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu0130-0075-9-2022-6-17-31.

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The article specifies the place of contrastive linguistics in linguistic research, how it is different from the other linguistic disciplines based on language comparison: comparative-historical linguistics, translation studies and typology. In particular, the author comments on one of the main concepts of contrastive linguistics formulated by A.A. Reformatsky: when comparing facts of language, one must study those descriptive categories in which these facts are presented in each of the languages. Using a number of examples of Russian (conjunctions a to, prichem and the preposition krome), the author shows that comparing languages can lead to a revision of the categorial apparatus in a particular grammar area of one of them. This becomes possible due to the development of new contrastive analysis methods, for instance, unidirectional and bidirectional analysis. Thus, contrastive linguistics can solve not only practical problems, mostly related to foreign languages teaching, but also contribute to theoretical language description.

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Buniiatova, Izabella. "COMPARATIVE LINGUISTICS: AIMS, TARGETS, DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS." Studia Philologica, no. 2 (2019): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2311-2425.2019.13.2.

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This is a survey of comparative linguistics viewed as a set of the related paradigms that embrace comparative historical linguistics, aerial linguistics, linguistic typology and contrastive linguistics. The treatment of the science in question is largely based on the author’s long-standing experience deduced from research projects and from teaching it as a University professor. Placing the aforementioned paradigms under the umbrella concept “comparative linguistics” seems relevant and appropriate due to their sharing the key tool of investigation, i.e., COMPARISON, also due to their providing each other with applicable procedures and principles, as in case of two seemingly closer pairs, comparative historical and aerial areal linguistics, on the one hand, linguistic typology and contrastive linguistics, on the other hand.

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den Dikken, Marcel, and Balázs Surányi. "Contrasting Contrastive Left-Dislocation Explications." Linguistic Inquiry 48, no. 4 (October 2017): 543–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling_a_00254.

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Of the three logically possible approaches to contrastive left-dislocation (CLD) (base-generation cum deep anaphora; movement cum surface anaphora; elliptical clausal juxtaposition cum resumption), two are represented prominently in the recent literature. Ott’s (2014) account treats CLD uniformly in terms of clausal juxtaposition, the first clause being stripped down to its contrastive topic via an ellipsis operation said to be akin to sluicing. He argues that this analysis is superior to Grohmann’s (2003) approach, featuring movement within a single prolific domain and late spell-out of a resumptive element. Using data mainly from Hungarian and Dutch, we reveal problems for Ott’s biclausal account that undermine its apparent conceptual appeal and compromise its descriptive accuracy. We show that the ellipsis operation required is sui generis, that the approach fails to assimilate the crosslinguistic variation attested in the availability of multiple CLD to known cases of parametric variation in the left periphery, and that it undergenerates in several empirical domains, including P-stranding and “floated” arguments. Grohmann’s movement- cum-surface-anaphora analysis as it stands also cannot handle all these data, but it can be fixed to fit the facts. For Ott’s analysis, no patches seem available. Some further empirical properties of CLD appear underivable from either of these approaches. For these, the base-generation- cum-deep-anaphora analysis can be considered.

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A., Yakasai, S., and Mukoshy, J. I. "Dangantakar Aikin Fassara da Nazarin Bambancin Harsuna." Tasambo Journal of Language, Literature, and Culture 2, no. 01 (May 15, 2023): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/tjllc.2023.v02i01.013.

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Translation and Contrastive Linguistics are considered near-distinct fields of study due to their varying objectives and perspectives. Contrastive Linguistics, focuses on differences between languages in terms of system and usage, while translation aims at rendering an interpretation, description, and/or explanation from one language to another. This article attempts to discuss an aspect of the relationship between the two fields. In the course, the article previews the historical perspectives of the two near but distinct fields of study. However, the article also identifies and discusses some conceptual approaches to the study of the two fields. Similarly, the article briefly highlights the major characteristics of the two fields in describing, explaining, and predicting linguistic features. Conclusively, the paper argues that while Translation Studies can be informed by Contrastive Linguistics in dealing with translation products and processes, on the other hand, Contrastive Linguistics can also be informed by Translation Studies when describing different languages.

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Khalil Ibrahim, Riyadh. "Translation oriented corpus-based contrastive linguistics." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 61, no. 3 (December 7, 2015): 381–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.61.3.04kha.

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The paper aims at studying the relationship between contrastive linguistics (CL) and translation as branches of applied linguistics, on one hand, and the use of computer corpora (C.C) on the other. It also stresses the fact that the boundaries of CL have been redrawn to incorporate the output of C.C in performing various tasks in translation, that goes beyond the traditional methods of CL carried out exclusively on solving problems in foreign language teaching (FLT). The paper supports the call for the manipulation of data obtained from CC in contrastive linguistic projects for the betterment of translation quality. Previously, CL was concerned with linguistic systems rather than language use, but with the introduction of corpora, language use become more easily accessible and the field of CL has expanded. The access to huge amounts of original texts and their translation in electronic format is of great benefit to professional translators, since a wide range of translation solutions for any particular source language are available by a gentle hit on the required tagging key. As for translation-oriented corpus based CL it becomes obvious that the actual contrastive study will be carried out in order to obtain data for explaining the various phenomena in translation. Hence, translation as a communicative event can assume a fully-fledged descriptive discipline if it manages to develop its own descriptive tools of study. Computer corpora can play a decisive role in turning translation into a well-established academic discipline.

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Shaikevich, Anatole. "Contrastive and Comparable Corpora: Quantitative Aspects." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2001): 229–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.6.2.03sha.

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This paper draws attention to the complexity of problems arising in statistical linguistics when it must compare various corpora. Those problems are discussed from the point of view of distributional statistical analysis of texts; that is, a set of formal procedures with a minimum of preconceived linguistic knowledge. The terminological distinction between contrastive and comparable corpora is introduced.

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Herbert, Robert K., and Jacek Fisiak. "Contrastive Linguistics: Prospects and Problems." Language 62, no. 1 (March 1986): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/415607.

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Kimoto, Yukinori. "Handbook of Japanese contrastive linguistics." Journal of Japanese Linguistics 36, no. 2 (November 26, 2020): 291–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jjl-2020-2027.

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Meyer, Paul Georg, and Hannes Kniffka. "Elements of Culture-Contrastive Linguistics." Language 74, no. 2 (June 1998): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/417917.

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Lucyna, Gebert. "Contrastive linguistics. Prospects and problems." Journal of Pragmatics 10, no. 6 (December 1986): 764–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(86)90154-2.

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Poletto, Cecilia. "Contrastive linguistics and micro-variation." Languages in Contrast 12, no. 1 (January 12, 2012): 47–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.12.1.04pol.

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This article deals with a very general problem, namely the origin of the well-known distinction between dialectal and typological variation. It is argued that the fact that the possible grammatical choices are more restricted within a dialectal domain is not due to a supposed principled difference in the parameters that rule variation. Rather, they are a function of the originally unitary lexicon dialects share. If language variation is essentially located in the functional items, and they are derived from the same lexicon, then they will share some core properties that make dialectal variation so restricted. I propose that the fact that the lexicon is similar can give us clues about the internal structure of syntactically complex elements which are represented by a single word, like quantifiers, wh-items, modal verbs, etc. Within a homogenous domain, structural complexity correlates with a higher number of lexical roots: the higher the number of the lexical roots found, the more complex internal structure the functional item will display.

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Lotfipour-Saedi, Kazem. "Discourse Analysis and the Problem of Translation Equivalence." Meta 35, no. 2 (September 30, 2002): 389–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/003520ar.

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Abstract The translator's task has usually been defined as the establishment of an equivalence between the source language (SL) and the target language (TL) texts, and the translation process has been characterized as a branch of contrastive linguistics. But neither the nature of translation equivalence (TE) has been carefully specified nor a comprehensive framework consistent with the true nature of linguistic I communicative behaviour has been employed for contrasting languages for translation purposes. Consequently translation studies have always lacked a sound scientific framework. This paper attempts to study the nature of TE within the framework of a comprehensive contrastive analysis of SL and TL at discourse level and suggests seven different components for TE.

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Fonkoua, Paul, and Auguste Bayiha. "De la notion de corpus dans les études contrastives en langues : choix, outils et exploitation." Traduction et Langues 22, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 333–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52919/translang.v22i1.944.

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The Notion of Corpus in Contrastive Language Studies: Choices, tools and exploitation Since past decades, Contrastive Linguistics is in search of ways for its development. Such a situation results from the fact that the scientific context nowadays is overwhelmed with the advent of new disciplines; is highly saturated by needs for interdisciplinarity; and it imposes the search of paths which have to serve as guide for forthcoming studies. As far as Contrastive Linguistics is concerned, the ways leading to its development are methodological, theoretical, and epistemological in nature. Regarding this wide scope, this study mainly focusses on the methodological aspect of the discipline. Clearly, this paper examines the notion of “Corpus” within the field of Linguistics in general and Contrastive Linguistics in particular. As a new field of study, Contrastive Linguistics needs to be grounded on solid methodological foundations as well. First of all, it delves into addressing issues of methodological tools used while contrasting languages; then, it examines the issue of corpus selection for a specific study; and finally, it proposes ways for selecting and treating data which are often overlooked by professionals and students alike. To undertake the study hereof, it resorted to the Taxonomy approach in Natural Sciences elaborated by Carl Von Linné, Candole, Charles Darwin, Willi Hennig. The use of this methodological approach purposes at providing clear definitions of terms surrounding the notion of “Corpus”; at describing the various types of corpora, at underscoring their internal organisation; and at casting light on the useful tools for the constitution of a special kind of corpus relevant for studies in Contrastive Linguistics.The tasks mentioned earlier will provide a good grasp of how the notion of “corpus” is apprehended within the framework of contrastive analysis. This work shall equally equip young scholars looking forward to specialising in this highly technical scientific niche with abilities to better find markers in a methodology of proper and full selection, constitution and exploitation of a corpus in contrastive linguistics.

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Vocroix, Londre. "Morphology in micro linguistics and macro linguistics." Macrolinguistics and Microlinguistics 2, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/mami.v2n1.11.

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This study aims to examine the morphological aspects and their application in micro linguistics and micro linguistics. Linguistics in terms of study can be divided into two types, namely micro linguistics and macro linguistics. Micro linguistics is understood as linguistics which has a narrower nature of the study. That is, it is internal, only sees language as language. Macro linguistics is broad, the nature of the study is external. Linguistics studies language activities in other fields, such as economics and history. Language is used as a tool to see language from the point of view from outside the language. Language can be seen descriptively, historically comparative, contrastive, synchronic, and diachronic. Descriptive linguistics looks at living languages as they are. Comparative linguistics compares two or more languages at different periods. Contrastive linguistics compares the languages of a particular period or contemporaries. This study looks for similarities and differences in the fields of structure: phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics. Synchronic linguistics questions the language of a particular mass. In this study, we do not compare with other languages and other periods. Thus, this linguistic study is horizontal.

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Tarek, Benaissa, and Abelkrim Namaoui. "Linguistique contrastive et Traductologie Une relation dyadique et didactique." Traduction et Langues 11, no. 1 (August 31, 2012): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.52919/translang.v11i1.536.

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Contrastive linguistics and translation studies: A dyadic and didactic relationship This paper reflects on the dyadic and didactic relationship between contrastive linguistics and translation studies. Four questions will hold particular attention: the first is concerned with the differences between contrastive linguistics and translation studies, the second discusses the interdependence between contrastive linguistics and translation studies, the third is related to the use of translations for contrastive purposes, and the fourth one focuses on the use of contrastive studies for translation purposes.We concluded that this rapid overview could only touch upon a prodigiously vast subject which could be the subject of a monograph. Many other issues could have been raised; many other examples would have deserved our attention. Yet, we attempted to demonstrate that contrastive linguistics and translation studies are complementary, contrastive linguistics being the generator of a rather theoretical knowledge, while translation studies have the primary task of nourishing the debate on the transmission of knowledge, and professional know-how.

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Karavesović, Dejan M. "ON METALINGUISTIC LABELLING IN ENGLISH-SERBIAN CONTRASTIVE STUDIES." Lipar XXIV, no. 81 (2023): 231–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/lipar81.231k.

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The paper provides an overview of current issues concerning the metalinguistic inventory used in contrastive investigations of contemporary English and Serbian. Modern contrastive linguistics (CL) has largely shifted its methodological focus from the elaboration of theoretical prerequisites towards matters connected with the electronic processing of large amounts of linguistic data. Consequently, a need to revisit the problems of terminological discrepancies found in different frameworks used for the description of the compared languages is deemed appropriate. Problems arise on at least four levels: 1. restrictions imposed by the structure of the two languages com- pared; 2. the model-specific use of particular terms; 3. a semantically associative, but potentially misleading interpretative potential of linguistic terms; 4. the inconsistent or underspecified use of the metalinguistic units pertaining to a particular level of linguistic analysis or respective linguistic traditions. Having investigated the observed pitfalls, a conclusion about the necessity for a more precise determination of CL metalinguistic apparatus and a possible meeting ground to overcome the obstacles by means of corpus linguistics is presented.

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Uktamovna, Khusenova Mekhriniso. "COMPARATIVE TYPOLOGY OF THE ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES." International Journal Of Literature And Languages 03, no. 06 (June 1, 2023): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijll/volume03issue06-08.

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Comparative linguistics, or comparative-historical linguistics (formerly comparative philology ) is a branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages to establish their historical relatedness. This article focuses on the comparative typology of English, Uzbek and discusses the formation of comparative typology as a science, its methods of analysis, and the relations it with other linguistic subjects. Key words-comparative typology, confrontative linguistics, contrastive linguistics, linguistic characterology, comparativists, notions of a type of a language and a type in a language, linguistic universals, recessives and uncials

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Humaidi, Humaidi. "LINGUISTIK MODERN PERSEPEKTIF DOKTOR MAHMUD FAHMI AL-HIJAZI." Al-Fathin: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab 3, no. 01 (August 9, 2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/al-fathin.v3i01.2001.

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Abstract Linguistics is the study of language scientifically. In his study, linguistics has the scope of studies and methods of study. The scope of linguistic studies is phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. Phonology research is the study of language sounds. Morphology is the field of linguistics that studies about word formation and morphemes in a language. Syntax is the study of the structure of language. And the last semantics is the study of meaning. While the methodology of linguistic studies are comparative linguistics, descriptive linguistics, historical linguistics, and contrastive linguistics.

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Koseska, Violetta. "Semantics, contrastive linguistics and parallel corpora." Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, no. 14 (September 4, 2014): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/cs.2014.009.

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Semantics, contrastive linguistics and parallel corporaIn view of the ambiguity of the term “semantics”, the author shows the differences between the traditional lexical semantics and the contemporary semantics in the light of various semantic schools. She examines semantics differently in connection with contrastive studies where the description must necessary go from the meaning towards the linguistic form, whereas in traditional contrastive studies the description proceeded from the form towards the meaning. This requirement regarding theoretical contrastive studies necessitates construction of a semantic interlanguage, rather than only singling out universal semantic categories expressed with various language means. Such studies can be strongly supported by parallel corpora. However, in order to make them useful for linguists in manual and computer translations, as well as in the development of dictionaries, including online ones, we need not only formal, often automatic, annotation of texts, but also semantic annotation - which is unfortunately manual. In the article we focus on semantic annotation concerning time, aspect and quantification of names and predicates in the whole semantic structure of the sentence on the example of the “Polish-Bulgarian-Russian parallel corpus”.

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Ebeling, Jarle. "Contrastive Linguistics, Translation, and Parallel Corpora." Meta 43, no. 4 (October 2, 2002): 602–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/002692ar.

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Abstract This paper regards parallel corpora as suitable sources of data for investigating the differences and similarities between languages, and adopts the notion of translation equivalence as a methodology for contrastive analysis. It uses a bidirectional parallel corpus of Norwegian and English texts to examine the behaviour of presentative English there-constructions as well as the Norwegian equivalent det-constructions in original and translated English, and original and translated Norwegian respectively.

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Selinker, Larry, and Jacek Fisiak. "Papers and Studies in Contrastive Linguistics." Language 66, no. 1 (March 1990): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/415301.

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Xiang, Xuehua. "Contrastive linguistics: history, philosophy and methodology." International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 12, no. 3 (May 2009): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13670050802149374.

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Chuquet, H., and M. Paillard. "Enonciation et traduction chez les linguistes francophones." Journal of French Language Studies 2, no. 2 (September 1992): 237–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959269500001319.

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AbstractLe présent article a pour object de donner un aperçu de l'état de la recherche francophone en théorie de la traduction et an linguistique contrastive, et de présenter plus particuliÈrement les travaux contrastifs français-anglais qui s'effectuent dans le cadere de la théorie des opérations énonciatives d'A. Culioli. A travers l'étude de deux points qui posent réguliÈrement problÈme aux anglophones traduisant vers le français (traductions possibles du prétérit anglais et choix entre indicatif et subjonctif français lorsque les duex modes peuvant alterner), nous tentons d'illustrer la contribution de l'approche énonciative à l'analyse contrastive des deux systÈmes linguistiques ainsi que sa pertinence dans la pratique de la traduction.

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Korbozerova, Nina. "TASKS OF MODERN LINGUISTIC TYPOLOGY AND CONTRASTIVE LINGUISTICS (on the example of comparing Spanish and Ukrainian languages)." PROBLEMS OF SEMANTICS, PRAGMATICS AND COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS, no. 41 (2022): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2663-6530.2022.41.03.

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When comparing the native language and a foreign language, several methods of comparison are used, which differ significantly from each other. Therefore, the disciplines that deal with the comparison of two or more languages are multilingual, they are based on cross-linguistic comparison. Comparative-historical, areal, and typological research aims to build appropriate classifications of languages, they are aimed at finding similar features in the compared languages that connect them and form the basis for genetic correspondences, which is explained by primary linguistic affinity. Contrastive linguistics is mainly interested in what distinguishes the languages being compared, and what may be a factor causing cross-linguistic interference. Comparative typology and congruent linguistics, not being interested in the genetic origin of languages, their diachronic development, have their specific goals, purpose, research material and limits of application. If comparative typology pays attention primarily to similar features between two languages, then contrastive linguistics focuses on identifying differences in order to prevent mistakes when learning foreign languages.

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Pejović, Andjelka. "The Contribution of Contrastive Analysis to the Development of Spanish Language Competence and Awareness in Serbian University Students." Linguistica 62, no. 1-2 (December 23, 2022): 327–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.62.1-2.327-341.

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The paper is based on the idea of the usefulness of contrastive linguistics and linguistic awareness for the development of competence and (meta)linguistic awareness in Spanish at university level, in the case of Serbian university students. The concept of linguistic awareness is briefly presented, based on the works of Schmidt 1990, Hawkins 1999, Rieder 2000, Bailini 2009, De Villa 2018 among others. The term is understood as a cognitive activity or a capacity for metalinguistic reflection, on the one hand, and, on the other, as an approach to foreign language learning (halfway between a structuralist and a communicative approach), which allows students to become “highly motivated self-taught” individuals who as such “enjoy a greater power of adaptation at the cultural level through the use of critical reflection” (De Villa 2018: 163, 172). Therefore, we advocate a cognitive approach to languages in contrastive linguistics classes to raise students’ awareness concerning the use of their own language as well as a foreign language (in this case Spanish). In order to test our hypothesis, we conducted an anonymous survey among students on the approach and usefulness of the course “Introduction to Spanish-Serbian Contrastive Analysis” taught at the University of Belgrade. The results show a very high satisfaction with the method used in class.

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Nord, Holger. "Kniffka, Hannes: Elements of Culture-Contrastive Linguistics. Elemente einer kulturkontrastiven Linguistik." Informationen Deutsch als Fremdsprache 24, no. 2-3 (June 1, 1997): 336–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/infodaf-1997-2-359.

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Vučetić, Zorica. "Alcune riflessioni contrastive sul verbo." Linguistica 37, no. 1 (December 1, 1997): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.37.1.81-88.

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Scopo del presente lavoro è di offrire un modesto contributo alla formazione del lessico italiano. L' articolo tratta la formazione suffissale dei verbi sia in croato che in italiano. Prende in considerazione un gruppo di parole formate: è un gruppo di verbi derivati mediante suffissi, un gruppo non molto numeroso, ma interessante dal punto di vista formativo e soprattutto dal punto di vista semantico. Si esaminano i suffissati verbali, formati da basi che sono voci onomatopeiche o di origine onomatopeica, interiezioni o esclamazioni o anche altre parole monosillabe e bisillabe. Abbiamo esaminato i verbi croati e i verbi italiani, abbiamo cioè esaminato gli equivalenti formali e semantici dei verbi croati nella lingua italiana. Confrontando questi verbi abbiamo cercato di mettere in rilievo le caratteristiche formali e quelle semantiche dei verbi, nonché di sottolineare i problemi che si possono incontrare nella traduzione dei rispettivi verbi. Affrontando questo tema, pur sempre rimanendo nell'ambito della formazione delle parole, abbiamo cercato di ampliare un po' il tema e in particolare abbiamo voluto fissare un punto di avvio per ulteriori ricerche e analisi.

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Giannoulopoulou, Giannoula. "Morphological contrasts between Modern Greek and Italian." Contrasting contrastive approaches 15, no. 1 (April 3, 2015): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.15.1.04gia.

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The aim of this paper is to discuss topics in contrastive morphology, combining the perspectives of morphological theory and contrastive linguistics. After an overview of the recent literature on contrastive morphology and the relevant ‘tertia comparationis’ in Section 2, Section 3 focuses on the main differences between compounding in Modern Greek and Italian (e.g. the position of the morphological head, the pattern stem+stem in Modern Greek vs. the pattern word+word in Italian). The diachronic dimension, the inflectional system and the role of syntax are put forward as explanatory factors for the differences between the two languages. Two recent types of compounds, [V+V] V in Modern Greek and [V+N] N in Italian, are therefore examined contrastively. The contrastive analysis of compounding is based on three types of equivalence: ‘system equivalence’, ‘rule equivalence’, and ‘morphological age equivalence’. The main conclusion is that a contrastive approach to morphology enables us to deepen our understanding of both the fundamental distinction and the fundamental interconnection between morphology and syntax.

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Gutierrez, Manuel J., and Marc L. Schnitzer. "Fonologia contrastiva: espanol-ingles/Spanish-English Contrastive Phonology." Hispania 81, no. 2 (May 1998): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/345041.

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Roszko, Danuta. "Semantic contrastive linguistics theory and dialectological studies." Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, no. 12 (November 24, 2015): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/cs.2012.006.

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Semantic contrastive linguistics theory and dialectological studiesTheoretical contrastive studies (hereinafter referred to as TCS) emerged with a view to compare and contrast natural languages on the basis of a logical interlanguage. The idea of making the TCS guidelines available to science resulted in discontinuing the division into the original language and the target language when comparing and contrasting two (or more languages), and at the same time, terminating the dependence of the resulting material (i.e. form indexes in the target language) on the formal structures in the original language. The TCS essence is included in the interlanguage, which is used as tertium comparationis in the studies. To get more on this topic see Koseska, Korytkowska, R. Roszko (2007). Till now, TCS have not been applied in dialectal studies. There are a lot of reasons for this conjuncture. First of all, dialectal studies usually concentrate on one code (i.e. only a single local dialect is being specified), whilst in TCS, a comparison and contrast between (at least two) languages is provided. Moreover, research on the dialectal differentiation of a specific language (i.e. at least two dialects (/ local dialects) are being specified together) is based on demonstrating the features shared and differentiated on the level of (a) lexis, (b) morphology (most often narrowed to demonstrate differential morphological features) and (c) syntactic (relatively most rarely). Thus, dialectal studies are essentially a description of the formal conjuncture, whereas semantic aspects are out of the area of researchers interest. With this article, I am going to break the current patterns and prove that dialectal studies can be conducted in accordance with the TCS guidelines. The advantage of such dialectal studies is not only a different/new look at a specific local dialect, but also a possibility of an instant comparison and contrast between the local dialect and the standardized language or other local dialects (of one language or another) on the semantic level providing the highest standard of the relevances demonstrated (i.e. similarities and differences).

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Bayiha, Auguste. "Exploring the conceptual landscape of contrastive linguistics." Arts & Humanities Open Access Journal 5, no. 3 (September 25, 2023): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ahoaj.2021.05.00204.

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Conferences on Contrastive Linguistics (CL) are being held around the world in order to find a consensus on various disciplinary points. This study intends to explore the conceptual landscape of contrastive Linguistics as a new discipline. Provided that disciplinary newness is always questioned from various perspectives, the explorative approach will be helpful for the description of the discipline’s conceptual landscape. Findings suggest that its conceptual landscape gets a wide variety of concepts classified as being specialized, discipline-related, operative, borrowed, coined, and methodological.

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Shoira Usmanova, Shohistakhon Shamsieva,, and Nargiza Ismatullayeva. "Scientific Research On Sino-Uzbek Contrastive Linguistics Carried Out In Recent Years." Journal of Namibian Studies : History Politics Culture 33 (May 20, 2023): 5208–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.59670/jns.v33i.4433.

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This article examines recent scientific studies on Chinese-Uzbek cross-linguistics, focusing on studies of euphemism and lacuna phenomena in both languages. Modern Chinese and Uzbek linguistics focus on the study of the language, particularly the lexicon, from a semantic, linguistic, and cultural perspective. The origins of household euphemisms in Chinese and Uzbek languages and the conceptual framework in which euphemisms are manifested were determined, and through the linguistic and cultural study of household euphemisms, conclusions were drawn about the distinctive and similar aspects of the worldviews of the two peoples. Identification, classification, and systematization of lacuna varieties were also addressed. The gaps in the Chinese and Uzbek languages are categorized thematically and analyzed. The methods for filling in and eradicating translation gaps are determined.

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Murray, David W., and Wieslaw Oleksy. "Contrastive Pragmatics." Language 67, no. 2 (June 1991): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/415152.

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Dorian, Nancy C., Marlis Hellinger, and Ulrich Ammon. "Contrastive Sociolinguistics." Language 74, no. 3 (September 1998): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/417845.

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Yajun, Jiang, and Chenggang Zhou. "World Englishes and contrastive rhetoric." English Today 22, no. 2 (April 2006): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078406002033.

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WE ARGUE here that a ‘paradigm gap’ has prevented recent research into world Englishes (WEs) and contrastive rhetoric (CR) from being mutually useful, and suggest particular areas in which insights from CR may benefit in particular the study of WEs. English in its standard ‘native’ form(s) is fast becoming the world’s lingua franca of science, commerce, the mass media, and entertainment. As a result, its non-native uses and users have become significant in at least the following eleven fields: applied linguistics, sociolinguistics, critical linguistics, contrastive rhetoric, second language acquisition, traditional English studies, lexicography, mass communication studies, cultural studies, pragmatics, and text linguistics (cf. Bolton, 2003a). We hope that the present study will contribute to the debate.

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Teich, Elke. "System-oriented and text-oriented comparative linguistic research." Languages in Contrast 2, no. 2 (December 31, 1999): 187–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.2.2.04tei.

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The main concern of this paper is to develop a model of cross-linguistic variation that is applicable to various kinds of comparative linguistic research. The motivation for this lies in the observation that there is little interaction among the major areas of comparative linguistic investigation — language typology, contrastive linguistics, translation studies, and the computational modeling of multilingual processes as implemented in machine translation or multilingual text generation. The divide between them can be characterized by a general orientation towards describing the relation between language systems (as in language typology) vs. describing the relation between texts (as in translation studies). It will be suggested that with a model of cross-linguistic comparison that accommodates both the system view and the text view on cross-linguistic variation, language typology, contrastive linguistics, translation studies and multilingual computational linguistics can be shown to have mutually compatible concerns rather than being entirely disjunct endeavors. The model proposed is based on Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), using the representational categories SFL sets up as parameters along which cross-linguistic variation can be described. The fundamental assumption brought forward by SFL that acts as a unifier of concerns is that texts are ultimately instantiations of the language system under certain specifiable contexts of use. A model of cross-linguistic variation based on SFL thus bears the promise of opening up the text view for the system-oriented branch of cross-linguistic study, and the system view for the text-oriented branch. I illustrate the model with data from several European languages, concentrating on the register of instructional text.

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Popovic, Ljudmila. "Current issues of cognitive linguistic studies of Serbian." Juznoslovenski filolog 73, no. 3-4 (2017): 315–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jfi1704315p.

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The paper discusses the results of research by Serbian scholars into the field of cognitive linguistics over the past ten years. Special emphasis is laid on the cognitive linguistic studies of grammar, both in Serbian proper and from the contrastive viewpoint, which successfully apply Predrag Piper?s semantic localisation theory. It highlights the achievements of Serbian scholars in the sphere of historical cognitive linguistics, as well as fuzzy linguistics. It singles out cognitive principles in research into Serbian dialectology, as well as into lexicology, cultural linguistics and ethnolinguistics. The paper specifies the distinctive principles of the multidisciplinary fields in which cognitive linguistic methods of language study are used.

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Novospasskaya, Nataliya V., and Olesya V. Lazareva. "Linguistic Dominants of Grammar and Lexis." RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 12, no. 3 (October 3, 2021): 537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2021-12-3-537-546.

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The editorial describes the principles of selection of the issues material and its continuity with already published research. The articles of the issue are devoted to new trends in the study of lexis and grammar in modern languages. Such tendencies of synchronic linguistics as comparative studies of the linguistic picture of the world, the axiological aspect in linguistics of word, text and discourse, as well as contrastive lexicography, translation studies, corpus linguistics, discourse practices and text studies are noted.

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Scollon, Ron. "Contrastive Rhetoric, Contrastive Poetics, or Perhaps Something Else?" TESOL Quarterly 31, no. 2 (1997): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3588051.

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Péry-Woodley, Marie-Paule. "Contrasting discourses: contrastive analysis and a discourse approach to writing." Language Teaching 23, no. 3 (July 1990): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444800005772.

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Hashmi, Uzma M., Hussam Rajab, and Sayyed Rashid Ali Shah. "Cognitive Awareness of the EFL Learner of Contrastive Linguistics Between English and Arabic: A Case Study." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 11, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1105.02.

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Corpus-based contrastive linguistics has rarely been thoroughly explored with regards to cognitive awareness of the English as a Foreign Language (EFL), Arabic first language (L1) speaking learners. The current study, based on an intervention, quasi-experimental quantitative research design, aims at presenting a pedagogical implementation of learners’ awareness driven instructions on contrastive linguistics between English and Arabic languages interchangeably. A purposefully selected sample of 69 beginner level (A1 CEFR) Saudi EFL learners were placed into an experimental group (n = 35) and a control group (n = 34). Learners in the experimental group were exposed to four grammatical contrastive linguistics criteria (between English and Arabic) over a 14-weeks semester duration, and the control group underwent a normal taught course with no intervention over the same teaching duration. Both groups were assessed via purposefully designed, 20-items grammar test before and after the 14-weeks duration. The gathered data was analysed with one sample and independent samples t-tests. The analysis revealed the outperformance of the experimental group compared to the control group in all four grammatical contrastive linguistics criteria. The study concludes with pedagogical implications on the principle of utilising contrastive linguistics as a pedagogical tool in an EFL context.

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Zulvany, Valentine. "Macrolinguistics: texts and discourses, conversation interactions and conversation components." Macrolinguistics and Microlinguistics 1, no. 2 (August 12, 2020): 104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/mami.v1n2.10.

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This study aims to explore macrolinguistics based on the realm of text with lexical and grammatical means. Also to analyze contrastive texts with textual characteristics, text typology, and translated texts. Some of the other things discussed are ways to analyze discourse, interactions in conversations, and know the components of conversation. Language studies continue to develop from time to time. One of the studies that cannot be separated from language is linguistic studies. The study of linguistics in a language not only covers linguistics from an internal point of view but can also be related to linguistics in general. Macro linguistics in this case is not associated with other disciplines outside of linguistics, but a linguistic study that examines speech based on situations.

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Pérez Blanco, María. "The construction of attitudinal stance." Languages in Contrast 16, no. 1 (March 3, 2016): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.16.1.02per.

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This paper is a corpus-based contrastive study of the realization of negative attitudinal stance in English and Spanish discourse through the use of evaluative adjectives. The main aim of the study is to analyse and compare the grammatical patterns in which negative evaluative adjectives occur in each language and discuss the observed cross-linguistic differences in terms of the effects that alternative linguistic realizations have in the construction of evaluative discourse. The working procedure follows a contrastive analysis methodology: description of empirical data, juxtaposition and contrast. The descriptive data have been extracted from a large comparable corpus of English and Spanish newspaper opinion discourse. The study has revealed interesting similarities and differences in the construction of Attitude in each language, which are inferred by contrasting its surface structural features.

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