Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Contrat didactique'
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Mercier, Alain. "SUR L'ESPACE-TEMPS DIDACTIQUE ETUDES DU DIDACTIQUE, EN SCIENCES DE L'EDUCATION." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00688585.
Full textSilva, Tony Regy Ferreira da. "Investigando os efeitos do contrato didático em uma sala de aula de Matemática: O caso da circunferência e do círculo." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/2335.
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Cette recherche visait à analyser les effets du contrat didactique discuté par Guy Brousseau dans une classe de mathématiques de l'école élémentaire de la teneur en géométrie. Ce concept, étudié par le chercheur, présente les clauses de la relation pédagogique, qui sont le plus souvent sous-entendus, ils régulent les attentes et les comportements entre l'enseignant et l'élève par rapport à connaître la cible. Donc, d'abord, nous avons mené une étude sur les situations d'enseignement, nous discutons des concepts de contrat didactique, leurs transgressions et renégociations, nous concentrons notre discussion sur les effets de contrat didactique et caractéristiques alors présents de la connaissance mathématique, dans notre cas, les cercles et cercles. Pour cela, nous suivons notre méthodologie, qui effectuait l'observation des classes, lorsque nous suivons l'approche d'un professeur de mathématiques avec leurs élèves sur les connaissances en jeu. Nous avons analysé les données recueillies en vérifiant l'existence d'effets du contrat didactique. Dans un second temps, nous avons analysé les données recueillies en vérifiant l'existence d'effets du contrat didactique. Grâce à notre base théorique et les données recueillies au cours de la recherche, nous avons trouvé de résultats qui indiquent la nécessité d'une réflexion sur les relations établies dans l'Accord didactique et ses effets dans la salle de classe. Nous notons également que sa prévalence est restée à des situations impliquant la géométrie. Nous identifions les éléments qui nous montrent l'apparition d'effets de la conformité avec les règles de comportement régies par le contrat didactique.
This research aimed to analyze the effects of the Didactic Contract discussed by Guy Brousseau in a mathematics classroom of elementary school in the geometry content. This concept, studied by the researcher, presents the clauses in the teaching relationship, which most often are implied, they regulate the expectations and behavior between teacher and student in relation to know the target. So, initially, we conducted a study of the teaching situations, we discuss the concepts of didactical contract, their transgressions and renegotiations, then we focus our discussion on the Didactic Contract effects and then present characteristics of mathematical knowledge, in our case, circles and circles. For this, we follow our methodology, which was conducting observation of classes, when we follow the approach of a math teacher with their students on the knowledge at stake. We analyzed the data collected by checking the existence of effects of the didactical contract. Through our theoretical foundation and the data collected during the research, we find results that indicate the need for reflection on the relations established in the Didactic Agreement and its effects in the classroom. We note also that its prevalence remained to situations involving geometry. We identify elements that show us the emergence of effects from compliance with the rules of behavior governed by the Didactic Contract.
Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar os efeitos do Contrato Didático discutido por Guy Brousseau em uma sala de aula de matemática do Ensino Fundamental no conteúdo de geometria. Esse conceito, estudado pelo pesquisador, apresenta as cláusulas estabelecidas na relação didática, que na maioria das vezes são implícitas, elas regulam as expectativas, bem como o comportamento entre professor e aluno em relação ao saber visado. Assim, inicialmente, realizamos uma reflexão sobre as situações didáticas, buscamos discutir os conceitos do Contrato Didático, suas transgressões e renegociações, em seguida, focamos nossa discussão nos efeitos do Contrato Didático e depois apresentamos características do saber matemático, em nosso caso, circunferências e círculos. Para tanto, seguimos nossa metodologia, que teve a realização de observação das aulas, quando acompanhamos a abordagem de um professor de matemática com seus respectivos alunos diante do saber em jogo. Analisamos os dados coletados verificando a existência de efeitos do Contrato Didático. Através da nossa fundamentação teórica e dos dados coletados durante a realização da pesquisa, pudemos encontrar resultados que indicam a necessidade de reflexão sobre as relações estabelecidas no Contrato Didático e seus efeitos na sala de aula. Constatamos, ainda, que sua predominância se manteve diante das situações envolvendo a geometria. Identificamos elementos que nos comprovam o surgimento de efeitos a partir do cumprimento das regras de comportamento, regidas pelo Contrato Didático.
ANTOINE, JACKY. "Dans le cadre de l'enseignement et de l'apprentissage des mathematiques a l'ecole primaire : activite de recherche et contrat didactique." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR20010.
Full textAll researchers on teaching methods agree about the fundamental importance of the research activity in the teaching and learning, of mathematics. However, it is some kind of a paradox that in current research there is little description of this activity and its application. This work, attempting to fill this gap, can be considered within the general framework of the didactics of mathematics in so far as it concentrates on the connection between three groups of variables : those concerning the school subject, those concerning the learner and those concerning the teacher. It sets up a relation between the "activity of research" and the "didactic or teaching contract", mdeed, after defining the activity of research as based on the assumed problem, it studies those elements which influence its application in the classes. Thus several fields of the teaching contract are characterised, analysed and observed : teaching time, teaching space, the position of the problem, the roles played by the teacher and the pupil, the metacognitive posture and enjoyment. Experiments take place in primary school classes in the grand duchy of luxembourg. A qualitative method of research, with theorising anchored in practice, allows to set up connections between success indicators of a research activity and the characteristics of the different fields of the teaching contract
Morales, Ibarra Grace. "L'enseignement et l'apprentissage de la représentation : une étude de cas en maternelle : le "Jeu des Trésors"." Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0012/document.
Full textTeaching and learning how to write is a heavily discussed topic but discussion is not so frequent when it comes to other forms of representation conveying knowledge as well. When individuals learn how to represent (that is, how to create and/or make use of representation), they can appropriate an essential tool to build critical thought, get into institued knowledge and solve their problems.We are studying the case of a renewed implementation of didactic engineering called « The treasure game » (Brousseau, 2004), within cooperative engineering at the ESPE in Brittany.This longitudinal study notably leans upon video sequences. We describe how pupils aged five, on an eight months period, learn to build and develop practices of production an d deciphering representations, both oral and graphic, in a context of communication. We describe also how they adjust and coordinate their actions with other pupils’, so as to solve a problem in common. We reconstruct the didactic genealogy of their practices in order to answer the following question : « How and in what circumstances have they learnt their practices ? ». There, the teacher’s part is essential. He/She will act upon the construction of a contractual background, associated with the process of representation, providing a framework meant to shape the pupils’perception.Our tools take their roots in the theoretical framework of didactic game ( dialectics didactic contract/ milieu ; reluctance/expression), and we explore the affective dimension of this framework within the Joint Action Theory in Didactics
Rigaut, Matthieu. "L'épreuve écrite de physique au baccalauréat : analyse du point de vue du contrat didactique." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070042.
Full textThis research paper aims at setting the ground for a larger research, which consists in highlighting the possible link between the acknowledgement of a didactic contract and scholastic achievement. In that respect, we first refer to some of the effects of the didactic contract that have already been brought forward in the past. Secondly, we apply the contract to the specific field of the teaching of physics, bringing to the fore its omnipresence through a number of concrete examples. We do admit that the existence of a link between the acknowledgement of a didactic contract and scholastic achievement has already been suggested. Thirdly, thanks to interviews and questionnaires, we show that the usual didactic contract is rather well known among the majority of students. Therefore, we finally propose a grid to have a feedback on work instructions from the students themselves, especially regarding the degree of autonomy allowed to them. With that grid, we analyse the official syllabus as well as the tests given to French high-school students for their graduation. As a result, though certain findings were somehow predictable, others were quite unexpected, as for instance the relative lack of instructions regarding general knowledge or conclusions to be drawn at the end of a problem study. The end of our research demonstrates that the user-friendly grid that was elaborated has proven a usefûl tool to anticipate thé modifications that may be required in thé making of tests to comply with their objectives
Gueudet, Ghislaine. "Entrée à l'université / Ressources en ligne. Eclairages théoriques et actions didactiques dans deux champs de recherche en didactique des mathématiques." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00349254.
Full text- l'entrée à l'université, et en particulier les difficultés que pose l'enseignement de l'algèbre linéaire au début de l'université ;
- l'emploi de ressources en ligne pour l'apprentissage et l'enseignement des mathématiques à tous les niveaux scolaires, et en particulier de ressources du type « bases d'exercices en ligne ».
Dans le premier chapitre, je montre comment différentes perspectives de recherche amènent à s'intéresser à différents types de difficultés des étudiants novices, à identifier diverses causes pour celles-ci, et à suggérer différents moyens d'action didactique à l'entrée dans le supérieur, pour le cas de l'algèbre linéaire en particulier.
Le deuxième chapitre porte sur le thème des ressources en ligne. Mes recherches ont concerné plusieurs facettes de ce thème : l'analyse didactique des ressources ; la question des comportements et des apprentissages des élèves ou étudiants travaillant avec de telles ressources ; enfin les conséquences de l'emploi de ces ressources sur les pratiques des enseignants. J'expose en particulier les apports complémentaires d'analyses en termes de contrat didactique et d'approche instrumentale. Pour le professeur, la nécessité d'une prise en compte globale des ressources susceptibles d'intervenir dans son activité professionnelle m'a conduite à prendre part au développement d'une approche théorique spécifique, introduisant la notion de genèse documentaire.
Je présente enfin dans un troisième chapitre mes perspectives de recherche, dans lesquelles l'étude des genèses documentaires constitue un axe majeur.
Pelay, Nicolas. "Jeu et apprentissages mathématiques : élaboration du concept de contrat didactique et ludique en contexte d'animation scientifique." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665076.
Full textSarrazy, Bernard. "La sensibilité au contrat didactique : rôle des arrière-plans dans la résolution de problèmes d'arithmétique au cycle trois." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR21001.
Full textTurning out a numerical answer to a problem that cannot be put into figures (i. E. "âge du capitaine") is a result of the didactic contract ; it appears to be closely linked to the situations of creation and cannot be attributed to a dysfunction of the didactic relation or to a lake of linguistic capacities. In a similar situation, the various answers provides are proof to different approaches as regards the didactic contract. The background of this contract mainly consists of the teaching methods at school and the education given at home together with the values and principles of the teaching system : this background is the very explanation of these differences in the approaches
Menotti, Guilaine. "Pratique institutionnelle et contrat didactique lors du processus d'enseignement de la notion de volume au collège." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H084.
Full textMangeant, Eric. "Approche didactique de la gestion des risques en escalade: Etude comparative de plusieurs institutions." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00383311.
Full textReposant sur la théorie des situations didactiques et notamment sur le modèle de l'action enseignante, la recherche dans le cadre d'une didactique comparée, montre par l'étude des systèmes didactiques d'institutions différentes, que des phénomènes de type didactique sont aussi, de manière paradoxale, à l'origine de la sécurité de certaines situations pourtant faiblement « didactifiées ».
La méthode employée recoupe trois corpus de données : une enquête par questionnaire auprès d'un panel représentatif de grimpeurs, la capture vidéo d'épisodes didactiques, des entretiens semi-directifs d'explicitations de grimpeurs ayant vécu des accidents.
Garcion-Vautor, Laurence. "L' entrée dans le contrat didactique à l'école maternelle : le rôle des rituels dans la construction d'un milieu pour apprendre." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX10093.
Full textThe thesis shows that the rituals activities set up every morning in nursery school build a steady and constant development milieu allowing th pupils to sep in different didactics contracts. The purpose was to investigate the role of ritual activities in the construction of didactical milieu at the nursery school. Their main role was to involve pupils into different didactical contracts. In these repeated situations, the didactics time goes on, the milieu move and the contracts evolves. Rituals makes time to produce new knowledge. In the first part, the concepts produced by the research on didactics were revisited to examin their pertinence in a nursery school. In the second part, results showed the importance of the setting up of the milieu and the effect of pupils in the milieu to put forward the didactic time. Finally, the third part entitled 'rituals as organisers of contractual factors" investigated how they put together distinct things and supported the idea that the didactic parts are functionally linked with the evolution of the contract and construction of the milieu, the school subject, the didactic time, the socialisation and the learning processes
Mamish, Abdallah. "Effet d'un changement curriculaire sur les pratiques enseignantes : le cas de l'école primaire en Syrie illustré en mathématiques et en sciences expérimentales." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0156.
Full textThe research focuses on a specific problematic to an evolving education system. Our orientation in this thesis is rather didactic; its objective is to study the effects of a new way of teaching on the teaching practices; including effects on student / teacher interactions and student participation. The answer to the research question required a descriptive and analytical study of the teachers to clarify the degree of application of the official instructions, what types of didactic contract established and “who does what” in relation to knowledge (topogenesis). A survey was also conducted with parents to get their point of view on this change. This research has used two approaches: mixed (qualitative and quantitative) and clinical. The results analysis of this thesis show that the interviewed teachers integrate the curriculum change despite difficulties related to their training, the classroom arrangement and the time allotted. The didactic analysis reveals an impact on the student / teacher interaction (oral lesson) but the place of the pupils in the construction of the knowledge remains marginal: the topogenetic position of the teacher is dominant and the adidactical situations which allow the pupils to build their knowledge by themselves are most often absent. Parents have a generally positive point of view despite some reservations. Our work opens perspectives on the effects of change on student achievement and on improving teacher training in Syria
Erdogan, Abdulkadir. "LE DIAGNOSTIC DE L'AIDE A L'ETUDE, EN MATHEMATIQUES: Analyse didactique des difficultés relatives à l'algèbre et aux fonctions en Seconde." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00261943.
Full textPartant de l'hypothèse que l'étude autonome pose des problèmes spécifiquement didactiques et de notre constat préalable que l'aide à l'étude s'avère problématique, nous sommes amené à engager une recherche approfondie sur la nature précise de ce travail, sur ses enjeux et sur les conditions de son fonctionnement, dans le cas spécifié des mathématiques. Nous abordons ces questions sous l'angle du diagnostic, considéré comme étape nécessaire et comme préalable à toute proposition de remédiation et d'amélioration.
La thèse porte sur la classe de Seconde, une classe charnière tant sur le plan des contenus d'enseignement que sur celui des enjeux de la scolarité, et elle se centre sur la partie algébrique et fonctionnelle du programme.
En mettant en œuvre un outil d'analyse et d'interprétation autour de la notion de « site mathématique » que nous introduisons, en analysant de manière croisée plusieurs types de données relatives à quatre classes (textes officiels, manuels, observations de séances d'enseignement, copies d'élèves, questionnaire, entretiens individuels des élèves et des professeurs), la thèse aboutit à identifier des éléments de diagnostic pour repenser l'organisation du curriculum, les situations didactiques d'étude et pour imaginer ce que pourrait être une aide efficace à l'étude.
Hersant, Magali. "Interactions didactiques et pratiques d'enseignement, le cas de la proportionnalité au collège." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00122340.
Full textNous étudions les pratiques d'enseignement au collège et plus particulièrement les interactions didactiques entre le professeur et les élèves. Nous avons choisi le cas de l'enseignement de la proportionnalité qui est un contenu sur lequel le cours est relativement réduit alors qu'il y a une grande variété d'exercices, ce qui favorise des interactions nombreuses. Pour permettre des comparaisons, nous observons trois contextes : un même professeur avec et sans logiciel, un autre professeur sans logiciel.
La recherche s'articule autour de trois analyses. La première apporte des outils pour l'étude des problèmes de proportionnalité donnés en classe et dans le logiciel et permet de comprendre les enjeux de l'enseignement actuel de la proportionnalité. La seconde étudie le logiciel La proportionnalité à travers des problèmes et ses potentialités d'intégration dans l'enseignement de la proportionnalité. La troisième est relative aux pratiques d'enseignement en classe. Pour identifier la façon dont le professeur fait avancer son projet, nous utilisons le cadre de la théorie des situations, notamment la notion de contrat didactique dont nous proposons une structuration, en prolongeant la caractérisation des différents types de contrat de Brousseau (1996). Pour étudier les interactions didactiques, nous avons établi une grille à partir de deux variables essentielles : la fonction didactique de l'interaction (rôle de l'interaction dans le projet du professeur) et son mode (façon de réaliser la fonction). Cette troisième analyse apporte une connaissance fine des pratiques des professeurs observés dans les différents contextes et permet de caractériser le « cours dialogué ».
Kewara, Punwalai. "Enseignement-apprentissage d'une discipline linguistique et non-linguistique à l'école primaire : analyse de l'action conjointe professeurs-élèves dans des classes primaires bilingues en Thaïlande." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00776893.
Full textVigot, Nathalie. "Temps des pratiques de savoir, dispositifs et stratégies professorales : une étude de cas en mathématique au cours préparatoire : Journal du Nombre et Anticipation." Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0014/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on student's building of number sense at primary school (first grade).The mainhypothesis consists of fostering the students' study by enabling them to learn in their own time. Forthis, the thesis explores the implementation, in a first grade class, of a research workbook, the"Journal of the Number” and a model of study organisation called the "Anticipatory Group". Theaim of these designs lies in the anticipating of the didactic time. The situations are analysed with thehelp of the Joint Action Theory in Didactics, notably by relying on the twofold dialectics ofcontract-milieu and reticence-expression, and by proposing the notion of collective productiveincentive. This reflects the development of knowledge of all students through repeated andprogressive situations elaborated within the didactic engineering ACE (Arithmetics andComprehension at Primary School). This long-term research allows the analysis of advanced andless advanced students' productions
Belguesmi, Nejib. "Le rôle de la schématisation segmentaire dans la résolution de problèmes arithmétiques : une étude de cas en 3ème cycle du primaire en Tunisie." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021BORD0039.
Full textIn our research, we are interested in the mathematical knowledge and skills related to the solution of arithmetic problems using a particular type of schema : the «segmental» schema. More specifically, we focus on arithmetic problems classically proposed at the end of elementary school in Tunisia, which we model using fundamental schema statements – by associating didactic variables to them – in order to elucidate the mathematical knowledge that may be involved in their resolution. A study of textbooks, pupil responses (Tunisian and French) to a questionnaire, and an experiment conducted in two Tunisian classes at the end of elementary school (pupils aged 11 – 12 years) have made it possible to identify a set of conditions and constraints that may influence the teaching and learning of such mathematical knowledge and skills. In particular, we have identified implicit expectation systems governing the behavior of students and teachers in solving such problems, which we model through didactic contracts of different scales
Barry, Anna. "Manières d’enseigner et manières d’apprendre : une étude des phénomènes de sensibilité au contrat didactique chez des étudiants de Licence 3. Une contribution à la pédagogie universitaire dans les Sciences Humaines et Sociales." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0301/document.
Full textThe core of every discussion is student success. In a time when a transformation of teaching practices is encouraged in order to promote student success, where lectures are regarded as traditional, this thesis underlines the large heterogeneity of lectures and shows their effects on students’ practices in terms of note-taking and examination papers-writing. The key question of this study is formulated as follows: how can it be that some students work hard but still fail? Beyond school background and beyond family background, this thesis favors a new entry point: the teaching styles. This study highlights the effects of various teaching styles on different student methods of taking notes and writing examination papers (these different methods are considered as varying degrees of “responsiveness to the didactic contract”). By showing the correlations between teaching styles, note-taking styles and paper-writing styles, this study goes on to define the deciding factors of the complex issue of student success
Haye, Thomas. "Étude des conditions et des contraintes d'implémentation d'un jeu de société à l'école, comme vecteur d'apprentissages mathématiques : cas du jeu de Go au cycle 3." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS030/document.
Full textUsing the game to teach mathematics to pupils became increasingly an obvious standard pedagogical practice in the scholastic institution. This generic term also reflects very different implementations that do not result in the same experience according to pupils. The objective of our work is to explore some of these practices and to determine the conditions in order for the pupils to play and develop mathematical competence during the same learning sequence. In the first instance, we are trying to define the activities that can be in-class games, keeping in mind that the school environment strongly and negatively influences the ability to experience real playing periods. We suggest a characterisation of these activities from four conceptual tools: the game (the structure of the game), the play (the game attitude), the playful potential and the learning potential. Then, we will draw two main conditions of in-class use of games: the “gameifying” of a didactic situation or the exploitation of an existing game. Assuming that the second possibility is more likely to lead to a gaming attitude for pupils, we are designing a learning sequence based on the strategy board game “go” in a junior division classroom at an elementary school, in order to study mathematical learning impacts. To do so, we are introducing a method of game analysis that, applied to Go, can extract two important learning potentials: the heuristic argumentation (Duval, 1992) for problem-solving and the sequential apprehension of figures (Duval, 1994) for geometry. This analysis method is implemented as part of the current constraints of the scholastic institution. The sequence, made of ten sessions, is implemented by experimenter teachers who are not Go specialists. We will then analyse the actual sequence in order to determine if the pupils have experienced gaming periods according to their own game understanding and if mathematical learning has emerged. We ultimately ask the question: how these skills, built as part of the Go game, have been deployed in other mathematical fields? From this experimentation, we want to clear the conditions and constraints of a boarding game implementation at the elementary school
Bennour, Nabila. "L'engagement disciplinaire productif des élèves dans l'action didactique conjointe en gymnatisque : études de cas dans deux établissements contrastés en Tunisie." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20022/document.
Full textThis PhD dissertation aims to theoretically refine the studying of student’s actions within the didactic joint action. The research describes the conditions of students’ productive disciplinary engagement in the teaching of gymnastics in Tunisia. It calls attention to how the breaches of didactic contract initiated by students may participate in knowledge progression is the classroom and how students contribute to situated didactic process. Students’ engagement was investigated within the didactic joint action theoretical framework in conjunction with two other Anglo-Saxon’s frameworks: ‘Classroom ecology’ and ‘Productive disciplinary engagement’. The data were collected through classroom ethnographic observations using video recording and teacher’s interviews during two gymnastic units conducted by two female teachers. The study was conducted in two steps: a macro analysis of students’ cooperation during three lessons of each unit, and a micro-didactic analysis which focused on student’s actions during significant episodes of task transformations. The findings characterize in depth the conditions under which students teach themselves through modifications of the didactic milieu (mesogenesis). The comparison of the two teachers’ teaching practices, one in a public high school and the other in a private high school, points out generic patterns linked to a specific topogenetic process that enrolls students in a productive disciplinary engagement
Auger, Nathalie. "Construction des identités dans le discours de manuels de français langue étrangère en usage dans l'union européenne : la dimension interculturelle du contrat de parole didactique." Montpellier 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON30008.
Full textRiviere, Véronique. "L'activité de prescription en contexte didactique. Analyse psycho-sociale, sémio-discursive et pragmatique des interactions en classe de langue étrangère et seconde." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00374551.
Full textÀ travers un corpus enregistré, transcrit et enrichi d'observations de cours universitaires de français langue étrangère dispensés à des étudiants japonais et de cours de français langue seconde à des apprenants nouveaux arrivants au collège, nous étudions différentes facettes de l'activité de prescription en interaction : ses modes plus ou moins ritualisés de communication (organisation des échanges), sa fonction de cadrage de l'activité des apprenants, ses dimensions symboliques et interpersonnelles, ses modes et régimes discursifs, les ressources sémiotiques (orales, écrites, gestuelles, iconiques) et les procédés de reformulation qu'elle nécessite. Cette étude convoque les outils de la microsociologie, de la linguistique des interactions, de la pragmatique psycho-sociale et de l'analyse du discours.
Gandit, Michèle. "Etude épistémologique et didactique de la preuve en mathématiques et de son enseignement : une ingénierie en formation." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00398847.
Full textNguyen, Kim Oanh. "Contrat didactique et discours professoral en classe de langue : le cas des classes de français dans l'enseignement intensif du français et en français au collège vietnamien." Rouen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ROUEL426.
Full textThis work is an attempt at giving a definition and at examining the notion of didact contract in the teaching of French as a Foreign Language. The writer ties to establish the connections between classroom contract and teacher'discourse with a view to evaluating the effectiveness of a lesson inVietnamese secondary schools and int the programme of intensive teaching of French and in French. Class observations, discussions, and investigations conducted with teachers of French and the students concerned have been used as data for both theoretical and practical analysis of the impact of a didactic contract and of teacher's discourse on the stakes of teaching and of student's success. This work shows a lot of consideration for the notion of didactic contract in language teaching methodology and in teacher training. The notion of didactic contract involves indeed teaching by means of a cooperation between teacher and students, each constitutes a link in the process of verbal interation to carry out a particular form of communication in which metadiscourse undeniably plays a very important part. But cooperation also means participation and responsability to oneself and to others and all this contributes to creating a conscious and committed activity that involves the teacher and his /her students in a persistent struggle against passiveness
Briand, Joël. "L'ÉNUMÉRATION DANS LE MESURAGE DES COLLECTIONS. UN DYSFONCTIONNEMENT DANS LA TRANSPOSITION DIDACTIQUE." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00494623.
Full textVerscheure, Ingrid. "Dynamique différentielle des interactions didactiques et co-construction de la différence des sexes en éducation physique et sportivre : le cas de l'attaque en volley-ball en lycées agricoles." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30251.
Full textRooted on a sociological and psychosociological review of literature about gender inequalities within the school system, the aims of this paper is to identify the social construction of gender in PE from a didactic approach. Social research in sport has shown that physical education (PE) contributes to reinforce and legitimate significant gender inequalities. Girls and boys develop different attitudes, perceptions, competences, skills and knowledge about PE content, and more specifically volleyball content. Two concept are mobilized: representations (social and functional) and differential didactic contract. The data are collected by survey, then ethnographic observation and interviews with teachers and students about attack in volleyball. The result concludes that gendered knowledge is co-constructed in situations, which confirms that learning is situated
Kewara, Punwalai. "Enseignement-apprentissage d’une discipline linguistique et non-linguistique à l’école primaire : analyse de l'action conjointe professeurs-élèves dans des classes primaires bilingues en Thaïlande." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN20047/document.
Full textOur research aims to study and characterize didactic situations implemented to teach and learn English, as a foreign language, and Science, a non-linguistic subject, in primary classes in a bilingual stream in Thailand. To do so, we study the joint action of three English native speaker teachers and a Thai teacher and their Grade 6 students. The analyses of the situations described in our research are based on transcriptions extracted from six teaching units or thirty-five sessions filmed in the two observed classes. To conduct our analyses, we use a theoretical framework that brings together notionscoming from the Joint Action Theory in Didactics and the didactics of foreign languages. In our empirical study, we examine the teaching units implemented by the four teachers in two classes at different levels of analyses. For our fine-grained study, we have chosen similar didactic situations from the two classes so as to bring to light the differences and similarities in these situations. In our analyses, we study more particularly how the learning games and the contract-milieu equilibration are implemented in order to develop the students’ knowledge. Then, we describe the commonalities and differences between the four teachers. At the end of our thesis, we make propositions for language teaching and the teaching of other subjects through English and for the training of both Thai and foreign teachers
Menssouri, Driss. "Essai de délimitation en termes de problématiques des effets de contrat et de transposition : le cas des relations entre droites et équations dans les classes de seconde et de première." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10122.
Full textEsmenjaud-Genestoux, Florence. "Fonctionnement didactique du milieu culturel et familial dans la régulation des apprentissages scolaires en mathématiques." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00697666.
Full textErgün, Mustafa. "Etude didactique d'une activité de conception de protocole expérimental en chimie, supportée par un environnement informatique dédié : étude de cas d'Educ@ffix.net." Grenoble 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10057.
Full textThis thesis highlights the necessary knowledge and learning acquired during an experimental design task in chemistry with the assistance of an ILE (Intelligent Learning Environment). We focused on the capacity of last year of high school pupils to design an experiment, by using the ILE named Educ@ffix. Net, which answers the following problem: “determine the concentration of a substance with a spectrophotometric method”. We attempted to identify the nature of the difficulties met by the pupils, in order to distinguish those related to the discipline from those related to the context. We also studied the chosen strategies as well as the role attributed to the artificial tutor by the pupils during their task. The thesis also studies the acquisition related to the experimental design task with the dedicated ILE. For this propose, we located theoretical and procedural knowledge necessary for the pupils in their task and highlighted the relations performed between a procedural knowledge and an associated theoretical knowledge. The obtained results underline that (1) the studied ILE enables the pupils to achieve the required task, (2) misconceptions of the pupils and the previous didactical contract involve difficulties for them during the experimental design task, (3) theoretical knowledge necessary to the construction of procedural knowledge is not always controlled by the pupils, (4) theoretical course available for the pupils in this ILE and the artificial tutor feedbacks often lead to a discussion within the pair which helps in the success of the task and in the build of procedural knowledge
Tran, Luong Cong Khanh. "La notion d'intégrale dans l'enseignement des mathématiques au lycée : une étude comparative entre la France et le Vietnam." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00122062.
Full textDans une deuxième partie, nous effectuons une étude des examens finaux (baccalauréats français et vietnamien, concours d'entrée universitaire vietnamien), et une analyse de l'apprêtage de la notion d'intégrale par les enseignants français et vietnamiens à travers un questionnaire pour déboucher sur une enquête épistémologique sur le savoir intégrale.
Cette partie conduit à décrire une Organisation Mathématique de référence pour le thème de l'intégrale. Elle permet aussi de questionner des éléments spécifiques du savoir à enseigner dans l'institution vietnamienne : les valences instrumentale et sémiotique des ostensifs et dx dans les méthodes d'intégration, et le contrat institutionnel sur le calcul d'aire.
Dans la dernière partie, nous nous centrons sur le savoir effectivement enseigné au Vietnam sous les contraintes et conditions mises en avant dans les parties précédentes. Pour cela, nous analysons des réponses d'élèves vietnamiens à des tâches en rupture de contrat institutionnel par rapport au calcul d'intégrale et au calcul d'aire, des copies corrigées du baccalauréat vietnamien 2005 et enfin des chroniques résultant d'observation naturaliste de séances de classes (moment des révisions pour le baccalauréat vietnamien).
Garnier, Annie. "Le rapport au savoir du professeur : entre contrainte et autonomie, une étude de cas lors d'un cycle d'enseignement de la gymnastique au collège." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30164.
Full textBerthelot, René, and Marie-Hélène Salin. "L'enseignement de l'espace et de la géométrie dans la scolarité obligatoire." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR10663.
Full textMario, Romain. "Conversion et influence des assujettissements au milieu scolaire dans l'étude autonome des mathématiques : comment les très bons élèves de lycée étudient les mathématiques après la classe : observation anthropologique et suivi biographique de quelques cas exemplaires." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3001/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we were interested in the very good students and their way studying mathematics taking account of the fact that what there is to study mathematically is not always indicated by the professor in the courses of the various school grades. Based on the hypothesis that their way of studying enables them to succeed better in mathematics, we followed very good students from five different schools for two school years. Thus, using anthropological and ethnological field study methods, we observed the students after classroom hour, in their individual workplace settings (office, room or an especially arranged corner) doing exercises, investigations, mathematical research studies, each one in different way, with different didactic supports. This particular kind of observation, that we are calling the biographic episode method, enabled us to constitute episodes of their cognitive biography in mathematics, in other words moments of independent study where one can observe that they are faced with a news question, they learn something new by seeking the answer to a given problem, and they identify what they learned by questioning it in what they knew already. Thus we show how last year secondary school science students manufacture or build a directory of effective knowledge: the epistemological and heuristic directory. To build this directory, they need to seek learning away from the classroom, physically or temporally (using many textbooks or not, old textbooks, the Internet, or with the help of a family member or friend). It is this need for investigation which we call didactic transhumance
Zlakomanova, Ludmila. "Agir enseignant et « naturel » didactique en situation hétéroglotte : études d'interactions verbales en classe de FLE dans les universités russes : le cas des cours de deuxième et troisième années de l’université pédagogique de Vologda." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20030/document.
Full textOur research project is concerned with the teaching/apprentiship of oral French in the « French as a Foreign Language » (FLE) program for Russian students in the second and, in part, third years in the Faculty of Languages of the teaching university of Vologda. We concentrated in particular on the action of the teacher, since the teacher is the key actor who ensures progress in the learning process in a situation using a non-native language in a foreign language context. The teacher assumes multiple functions with varying manifestations. Pedagogical polylogues are at the heart of our analyses. They aim to optimize the process of teaching/learning by modifying the action of the teacher via the application of our hypothesis of « natural didactics ». This method favors the creation of conditions allowing natural expression in a didactic situation by motivating the learners to speak on the one hand, and by reducing the asymmetry of the teacher-student relation on the other. Quantitative analyses allowed us to isolate particular aspects of verbal interaction in a FLE group within the Russian teaching university and in particular the specific action of the teacher. The results of these observations open up the possibility of a study of pedagogical methods appropriate for use in Russia
Nicolas, Laura. "La disposition enseignante à un "agir collectif" : Analyse de la réception enseignante des négociations apprenantes en classe de FLE." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030099/document.
Full textThe following study discusses the ability of teachers to simultaneously deal with the needs and interests of every learner in the classroom. Through the observation of a teacher’s feedback moves to students’negotiations of meaning, we conducted an exploration of his or her disposition (tendency) to meet both the negotiator and his or her peers’ needs. As such, this study aims at contributing to the field of teaching professional practices and of second language acquisition. The theoretical framework of this study relies on the Bakhtinian dialogism, Vygoskian socioconstructivism, the paradigm of “dispositions” developed by Lahire, the theory of joint action developed by Filliettaz and the connectionist approach to teacher decisionmaking, which has been developed by Tochon. Through the analysis of video recorded data that have been collected during conversational activities in a French classroom for adult migrants, we provide an in-depth investigation of the teacher’s moves of affiliation and disaffiliation from learners’ individual negotiations. Conversation analysis, microsociology, linguistic interactionism, psychosocial pragmatics, and discourse analysis are integrated in the research methodology in order to provide an accurate description of a teacher’s regulation of learners talk (elicitation, incitation or disaffiliation). Stimulated recall methodology has also been used to complete the interaction analysis. The results demonstrate that the teacher’s affiliations to individual negotiations are made in the light of their pedagogical utility for the peers. It is therefore argued that the teacher’s tendency to link each learner’ needs and interests to his or her peers’serves as a powerful functional connection on which the teachers’ improvisational decision-making process during classroom interactions is mostly based
Nguyen, Thi Phuong Hong. "L'adaptation de la didactique du français au contexte sociolinguistique du Vietnam." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00776831.
Full textBabori, Abdelghani. "Etude didactique et conception d'une plate-forme d'enseignement à distance d'un contenu en algorithmique. Implications pour la conception d'un MOOC en ingénierie." Thesis, Lille 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL3H056.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis is part of a broader issue of study and design of MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses). It focuses more particularly on the didactic study of an algorithmic MOOC designed for undergraduate students at Hassan First University (Morocco). This work is part of a comprehensive approach and aims more specifically to understand the process of developing algorithmic content conveyed by the MOOC and how learners construct basic knowledge essential to the course. Considering MOOC as a didactic device, two approaches : didactic and epistemological of algorithmic have been articulated. The notion of didactic performance is mobilized to examine the learning strategies adopted by students. By using discussion forums and mobilizing a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews, the discourses of students were analysed in order to characterize the constructed content, the didactic performance and the difficulties encountered by students.The characterization of the design of the MOOC highlights two steps : 1) identification of the essential concepts in algorithmics :variable, basic instructions, conditions, loops and their organization into learning units 2) development of a pedagogical scenario by describing the learning tasks of the pedagogical units and their organisation, and, on the other hand, that the course is also adapted to the massification of audiences, in particular by decreasing the hourly workload and demanding few prerequisites.The results show that students constructed two types of content: conceptual knowledge (condition, loop and procedural knowledge (analysis of a problem, decomposition of a problem, etc.). Students showed more interest in cognitive and technical didactic performances to build, step by step, content. More specifically, students constructed algorithmic content by making greater use of these learning strategies 1) elaboration strategies (linking the content with previous knowledge) and organization strategies such as the use of flowcharts 2) technical strategies in terms of mobilizing MOOC videos. The results also show that although students have been particularly successful in analysing problems (determination of input and output objects), some difficulties remain, such as passing from analysing problems to elaborating algorithms.These results can not only provide MOOC instructional designers with the necessary elements for content development, but also improve didactic research on MOOCs by providing researchers with elements for the study of MOOCs, taking into account the specificity of their content
Pichat, Michael. "Composantes intra-individuelle et contractuelle de la conceptualisation mathématique en situation didactique de traitement de tâches algébriques : cas des élèves d'une classe de seconde." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082200.
Full textThe function of conceptualisation is to identify operatory characteristics. In the case of didactic situations of mathematical tasks managing, the systems of constraints that determine the efficacy of conduct are multiple. We elaborate a modelisation indicating how the conduct that is invested by pupils relies on a conceptual activity that is simultaneously distributed toward two classes of constraints : the intrinsic characteristics of the task (endogen conceptualisation) and the contractual issues being implied by the task (contractual conceptualisation). We infer (fifth level) pupils' endogen and contractual conceptualisations and match into conceptual continuums those that are compatible. Then, we test our modilisation's prediction : the conceptual continuums that simultaneously satisfy a maximum of endogen and contractual constraints are the only ones to be mobilised by a significant number of pupils
Sénécail, Alain. "Les contenus en didactique : cas des visites scolaires dans les musées de sciences." Thesis, Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUH040.
Full textThis PhD thesis is related to the field of Science Didactics (Science Education) and aims to enrich the question of teaching and learning content in the context of primary school visits to science museums. Indeed, School and Museum are different institutions, so the moment of visit is a real issue regarding content. By reconstructing the school visit as a didactic situation characterized by specific content and by considering scientific literacy as involving diverse content (content knowledge, practical knowledge, values, attitudes…) with social uses and multiple references; it is as well the disciplinary learning of students as the training of visitors that is examined. The miscellaneous data – online educational documentation from French science museums, open questionnaires intended for primary school teachers and museum guides, observation of six ordinary school visits – enable to concentrate on the content of the school visit in the space of recommendations, the space of representations and the space of practices. Content, considered as a speech, is then reconstructed on the basis of the saying and doing of the didactic subjects in context. Finally, an incursion through another theoretical framework (that of the joint action theory in didactics) allows a general thinking on the nature of content, on its apprehension in contrasted didactic approaches and on the specificities of these approaches when it comes to study teaching and learning situations outside the classroom.Ultimately, this work shows how the content of school visits is articulated between scientific awareness and familiarization with the museum and its specificness. However, the analysis shows a persistence of the schoolarization of science exhibitions and museum experience. The disciplinary content in science is central when the content of visitors’ training is secondary
Bernard, Lionnel. "Langues en contact dans le Tyrol du Sud-Haut Adige : études ethno-sociolinguistiques et approches didactiques de l'allemand." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR20024.
Full textDuruş, Natalia-Maria. "Analyse conversationnelle des interactions, dramatisation et didactique du FLE en contexte non-institutionnel." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCF009.
Full textThe current thesis focuses on guided language learning exchanges in French, in a face-to-face non-institutional setting in the multilingual context of Luxembourg. It describes and analyzes interactions between adult plurilingual speakers whose first language is Chinese or Korean and multilingual speakers acting as experts for the French language. Taking a qualitative analysis approach, our work strives to apply the tools of conversation analysis of a rather Anglo-American origin to a vision of “didactique” corresponding to the French language tradition. To this end, we rely in particular on the notions of communicative competence(Hymes 1972), dramatization (Goffman 1991) and social role (Cicurel 1988). The analysis of learning-in-interaction data shows the enactment of a variety of dramatization-related interactional resources by both learners and experts: the situated dialogue, the voice, the formulaic language, the discursive sequentiality, the repair, the explanatory sequence, the pre-recorded conversational narrative, the evaluation, the embedded narrative, the identity, the conversational narrative of the expert, the interview, the conversational narrative of the learner and the editor mode. A few recommendations-suggestions are proposed in the conclusion, focusing on how these dramatization activities could inform, at different levels, the development of French teaching and learning
Courchinoux, Sandrine. "Didactique des langues et pratiques académiques professionnalisantes : le français dans la formation scientifique et technique." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030113/document.
Full textThis research aims to develop educational proposals and tools for on-going training for teachers of French as a foreign language (FLE) having an audience of non-French speaking learners undertaking scientific and technical training in a french graduate engineering school. Part of an epistemological and didactical framework, the research is in the continuity of current studies. It shows also how ethnographic tools can enrich an analysis of the needs of these « specific » audiences and privilege an approach of the analyst and the FLE teachers, which move away from their perceptions on language, scientific and technical studies, and the industry of energy and transport.From this approach by social task, linguistic contents were identified and educational proposals for the FLE were put forward. Another outcome of the field work is that this action-research offers on-going training options for FLE teachers having to teach to audiences interacting in specific contexts
Sarraj, Jamel. "Didactique des langues-cultures (arabe, anglais, français) et contexte sociolinguistique dans les monarchies du Golfe Arabique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA030008.
Full textEver since ancient times, civilizations have passed on the flame of knowledge and modernity. Ideas and knowledge circulate among communities by means of language. Today, the English language is the lingua franca in several communities. But the diversity of language enriches experience and inventions and also conveys world visions and different points of view. The contact of language imposes the situation of dominant language and dominated language, hence problems of identity claims and of social-economic tensions. This research defines the status and the role of the Arabic language, the official language and identity of the CCG countries, where there is an important foreing population. It also analyses the causes of identity claims of Arab populations in a social-economic and international context and describes the facts, that have favored the domination of the English language in a context of cultural Arab tradition. The different situations of teaching/learming have made it possible to use various educational manuals, different methods and have confronted me with a wide variety of didactic, pedagogic, linguistic and cultural difficulties
Goudin, Yoann. "L'intercompréhension en langues sinogrammiques : théories, représentations, enjeux, et modalités d'une didactique de la variation." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCF035.
Full textThis doctoral thesis analyzes the current teaching and learning models among languages that were, and still are, in contact with the Chinese script, and that retain this influence in their modern lexicon : the sinogramic languages. This thesis asserts that such a course can be designed through a complete didactic reformulation of how to teach sinograms, not only in their graphic dimension, but also their phonological identity, in order for the student to imagine pronouncing a sinogram in the target-language according to his/her understanding of an already acquired 'bridge-language'. The thesis is divided into three parts. First, there is an epistemological discussion of the European approach to Chinese language and script, with the sole graphic - «ideographic» - focus, which shadowed traditional phonological practices. Next, the design of an alternative approach is proposed in which sinogram-based learning is not rooted in the so called concentrated approach, according to which sinogram types are selected in order of their frequency and adaptability within the contemporary lexicon. This alternative approach is discussed based on the training of the sinogramic system as a whole: the global approach. Finally, the main process for mutual understanding, which is called sinogramic transposition, is introduced to show how students can be trained to understand and produce readings of sinograms in the target-language
Kogou, Nzamba Elza. "Approche sociolinguistique et didactique du français des enseignants et des étudiants en contexte universitaire gabonais : variations et interactions formelles et informelles." Thesis, Angers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANGE0049.
Full textOur PhD thesis deals with the use of the French language in the Gabonese University context. Since Gabon is one of the few plurilingual francophone countries in Sub-Saharan Africa with no L1 common local language spoken by everybody, the French language is the exclusive official language. It also serves as the vernacular language and that of communication among the different members of the ethnolinguistic groups. A survey carried there on the French language in Gabon shows that it has undergone some changes in the everyday communication milieu. Given the total issues at stake that our field of research presents, we concentrate our research project on a public of proven francophones who are University professors and students from whom we collected the data of our corpus during Linguistic Science classes. Our study has therefore two approaches. On the one hand, the sociolinguistic approach which helped us to study the changes of the French language spoken by University professors and students and, on the other hand, the didactic approach for the analysis of formal and informal interactions produced by the University professors and the students. The results of the analyses of our field study carried in Gabon show that the norms are interwoven in a didactic context. The endogenous norms, that’s to say a variety of the French language and the use of local languages, have no limit, they go beyond the language frontiers of the formal framework. The endogenous and the exogenous variety of the French language are then intertwined in a partnership of languages and cultures
Starosciak, Katarzyna. "Les valeurs du passé composé et de l'imparfait français dans la culture métalinguistique des polonophones : pour une grammaire didactique contextualisée." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030082/document.
Full textIf we consider that grammar is an intellectual construct and not a natural object and therefore it may takes various forms depending of the linguistic context, why should it be the same for native speakers and foreigners?This study is located in the Polish context of teaching / learning of French as a foreign language. In particular, it concerns the passé composé and imparfait, the use of which is often the first hurdle for Polish students learning French. This is due to the fact that descriptions which are suggested to polish students, rarely take into account the fact that the passé compose and the imparfait respectively, don’t have the same aspectual value as the perfective and the imperfective verbs in polish.Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a contextualized description of the tenses in question, which would be more operational for Polish learners, being based on their metalinguistic culture rather than traditional descriptions.For this purpose, we’ve analyzed the ways of expression of four types of knowledge circulating in the Polish educational context in relation to the passé composé and imparfait. These include knowledge from scholars of linguistics, knowledge disclosed by various forms of didactic transposition, knowledge derived from professional experience of teachers and finally the so-called "colloquial" knowledge, which consists of linguistic representations of Polish students
Delepiere, Maud. "Former les futurs enseignants à l'épistémologie: connaissances professionnelles de formateurs de Hautes écoles." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2019. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/292923/4/Delepiere.pdf.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation
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Sarthou, Jean-Jacques. "Approche anthropologique, technologique et didactique de la maîtrise du risque corporel ; l’exemple de l’enseignement du rugby en milieu scolaire." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR21746/document.
Full textPhysical risk is inherent to the practice of rugby and justifies the very real fear of sport and physical education teachers, a fear which is further justified by the statistics. Every fifty-nine minutes in games at a federal level there is a serious injury (for example fractures and sprains). Fifty percent of these injuries happen during the most frequent phase of a rugby game: the tackle. The challenge for teaching rugby in a school environment is therefore to create educational situations which combine the cultural elements of the activity with the high danger level, thus elevating students’ civil awareness, in the safest possible conditions. It is through a socio-cultural teaching model, based on specific physical techniques, that we will reply to this question.A sport and physical education teacher has five steps of a teaching sequence in order to transfer the content to be taught. The five steps of this transferral of content (moving away from an object of cultural significance to an object of teaching significance) include: a cultural analysis (history and socio-cultural evolution), an analysis of the rules (their function and how they have evolved over time), an educational analysis (the educational potential of rugby), a systematic analysis of the game of rugby (techniques, tactics and strategies) and a technical analysis (the importance of sportsmanship : performance, safety, values).The physical sporting techniques used within a school environment can be differentiated from the physical sporting techniques used at a federal level by the level of civility required (the level and nature of aggressiveness tolerated is relative to the level of competitiveness demonstrated). In this way the physical techniques used in school rugby allow the development of values such as respect, solidarity and responsibility
Abouelgamal, Tarek. "Enseigner l’insaisissable : la diglossie didactique ou comment la dépasser : étude d’un corpus de manuels/grammaires d’arabe égyptien et littéral." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/2020SORUL063.pdf.
Full textIt is customary among Arabists to describe the sociolinguistic situation of Arabic as diglossic. However, diglossia has its origins; it also has its concrete applications. To give a hint, diglossia entails an artificial distinction between MSA classrooms and colloquial ones, each has its proper teaching materials and its syllabus. My intent here is to analyse a large number of Arabic textbooks to find out how this corpus creates a linguistic variety which, in a sense, does not exist in the natives’ daily usage. The first part of my study explores the history of Arabic textbooks from the 16th to the 19th century in Europe. I focus on the circumstances in which these books were published and also on the conception that different authors have. I furthermore try to find out whether these books were affiliated to a Greco-Latin grammatical paradigm or an Arabic one. The second part of my study describes and analyses the structural-pragmatic-cultural content of twelve Egyptian colloquial textbooks published between 1965 and 2016 looking into their “common core”. Our argument is that, the diglossia still the hegemonic framework in the classrooms (What I shall call a “diglossic teaching”). Other theories such as continuum are marginalised nowadays in France. However, the history of textbooks (particularly the Savary case) proves that the diglossic paradigm is not a pedagogical fate