Relevant bibliographies by topics / Contrats in-house

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Contrats in-house'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Contrats in-house"

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Armstrong, Angus, and E. Philip Davis. "Comparing Housing Booms and Mortgage Supply in the Major OECD Countries." National Institute Economic Review 230 (November 2014): R3—R15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795011423000102.

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The house price and lending boom of the 2000s is widely considered to be the main cause of the financial crisis that began in 2007. However, looking to the past, we find a similar boom in the late 1980s which did not lead directly to a global systemic banking crisis – there were widespread banking difficulties in the early 1990s but these were linked mainly to commercial property exposures. This raises the question whether the received wisdom is incorrect, and other factors than the housing boom caused the crisis, while macroprudential policy is overly targeted at the control of house prices and lending per se.Accordingly, in this paper we compare and contrast the cycles in house prices over 1985–94 with 2002–11. There are more similarities than contrasts between the booms. Stylised facts include a similar rise in real house prices where booms took place, and a marked rise in the real mortgage stock along with real incomes. The aftermath periods are also comparable in terms of house price changes. Econometrically, determinants of house prices are similar in size and sign from the 1980s to date.There remain some contrasts. Leverage rose far more in the later episode and did not contract in the aftermath. Mean reversion of house prices is greater in the earlier period. The earlier boom period showed differences with average house price behaviour which was not mirrored in the most recent boom and inflation was higher. Despite the contrasts, on balance we reject the idea that the recent boom was in some way unique and hence the key cause of the crisis. There is a need for further research to capture distinctive structural and conjunctural factors underlying the recent crisis which differ from the earlier boom and some suggestions are made.
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GORDON, SANFORD C. "Politicizing Agency Spending Authority: Lessons from a Bush-era Scandal." American Political Science Review 105, no. 4 (November 2011): 717–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055411000438.

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When can presidents direct bureaucrats to allocate government expenditures for electoral purposes? To address this question, I exploit a scandal concerning the General Services Administration (GSA), an agency that contracts with private vendors to provide supplies and real estate to other agencies. Shortly after Republican losses in 2006, a White House deputy gave a presentation to GSA political appointees identifying potentially vulnerable congressional districts. I find that vendors in prioritized Republican districts experienced unusually large new contract actions from the GSA's Public Buildings Service following the presentation relative to unmentioned districts, a discrepancy that disappeared once theWashington Postbroke the story. Contracts supervised by the agency's Federal Acquisition Service, by contrast, were largely unresponsive to the briefing and media scrutiny. My findings suggest that the extent to which executives succeed in politicizing discretionary allocation decisions depends upon key features of the implementing agency's tasks and its informational environment.
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Zeemering, Eric S. "Why Terminate? Exploring the End of Interlocal Contracts for Police Service in California Cities." American Review of Public Administration 48, no. 6 (April 3, 2017): 596–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0275074017701224.

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With the recent growth in interlocal contracts for municipal service delivery, insufficient attention has been given to city governments that choose to terminate interlocal contracts. The termination of interlocal contracts deserves scrutiny because theory points to multiple possible explanations for service change. This research examines the termination of interlocal contracts for police service delivery by California cities between 2001 and 2010. Public documents from the nine cities that terminated interlocal contracts are analyzed to assess rationale for termination. The stated reasons for termination include problems related to community responsiveness, the contract relationship, local control, service cost, service levels, and staffing. Grounded theory is advanced through analysis of the nine cities. The research refines our understanding of how cities weigh the costs and benefits of in-house production versus production through interlocal contract. While contract failure is evident in some cities, termination may also be explained as a process of vertical integration and service expansion. The research refines theories about local government service delivery and informs the practice of interlocal contract management.
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Paramansyah, Arman, Izul Abdillah, and Dessy Damayanthi. "Implementasi Akad Ba’i Istishna dan Ba’i Taqsith Pada Pembiayaan Kepemilikan Rumah (Non Bank) di Perumahan Islami Indonesia." Al-Kharaj : Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan & Bisnis Syariah 3, no. 1 (December 7, 2020): 72–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.47467/alkharaj.v3i1.189.

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This study aims to analyze the application of istishna and ba'i taqsith contracts on bankless home ownership financing and to find out the advantages of each of these contracts. This research was conducted using qualitative research with descriptive analysis method, namely research by focusing on the implementation of istishna and ba'i taqsith contracts and showing a relationship between the financing of house ownership without the bank, then conducting a description to provide a clear picture. The results of the study conclude that the istishna contract in its application, namely the mustashni/customer, pre-orders the house to be ordered from the shani/maker by stating the raw material specifications, size and payment system at the beginning of the agreement and the handover of the building will be handed over in a tough manner. In the payment system there are 2 schemes, namely: In cash and credit, in credit financing for Indonesian Islamic Housing using a ba'i taqsith agreement. Namely a sale and purchase contract with a payment in installments at a certain time and is more expensive than the cash price. Credit calculation uses a 7% margin of cash and flat prices until the end of payment, there are no penalties for late payments and if there is default, deliberations will be held for the solution. The advantages of the ba'i istishna and ba'i taqsith contracts are the advantages of the istishna contract, it can change the design desired by the consumer and the advantages of the ba'i taqsith contract, can negotiate prices, late payment is not subject to fines, the benefits are greater than the cash price, and to educate the public about sharia credit.
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黃若清, 黃若清. "論附期限契約於房地合一稅「原始取得成本」認定上之潛在問題——最高行政法院判決109年度判字第53號判決簡析." 月旦財稅實務釋評 20, no. 20 (August 2021): 058–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/270692572021080020007.

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Dong, Li Qi, and Shu Guang Jiang. "Simulation of the Indoor Thermal Environment of Sunspaces-Attaching Passive Solar House in Shihezi of Xinjiang." Advanced Materials Research 724-725 (August 2013): 1543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.1543.

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Selecting sunspaces-attaching passive solar house and contrast house which have the same layout and enclosure structure, with the software of DEST to build model and simulation, obtained a heating period interior hourly temperature of the two houses. Arranging, calculating the white, day average indoor temperature of solar house and contrast house. The results show that sunspaces-attaching passive solar house can improve the indoor temperature 3°C, energy saving rate is 37% in this area.
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Mohamad Hamdan, Noor Aishah, Azila Ahmad Sarkawi, Siti Nora Haryati Abdullah Habib, and Ahmad Azam Othman. "Assessment of Ta’widh and Gharamah in Islamic Financing Contract and Its Applicability Potential for Construction Works Contracts." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 5, no. 15 (December 25, 2020): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.2504.

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Ta'widh and gharamah are the Shariah compliant late payment charges primarily used for Islamic financial contracts. Seven identified themes were used to qualitatively compare and contrast between the Guidelines on Late Payment Charges for Islamic Banking Institutions (2012) against the provisions of interest for late interim payment from four Malaysian construction works contracts. The findings revealed similarities and differences for identification of Shariah compliance. Recommendations were made for the harmonisation of ta’widh and gharamah in the construction works contracts while ensuring its practical and legal applicability. The outcome is beneficial for Islamic organisations and Muslims involved with the construction works. Keywords: ta’widh and gharamah, late payment, interest,construction, eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.2504.
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Larsen, James E. "Installment land contracts, single-family houses and bargaining power." International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 9, no. 3 (August 1, 2016): 340–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-07-2015-0035.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to add to the single-family house bargaining power literature by investigating the bargaining power of the principals when the seller provides financing with an installment land contract (ILC). Design/methodology/approach Generalized spatial two-stage least squares regression is used to analyze data from 998 ILC transactions and 19,376 traditionally financed transactions all of which occurred in Montgomery County, Ohio between January 2002 and March 2011. Findings The results indicate that buyers using an ILC operate at a bargaining power disadvantage. In our sample, they paid approximately 6.64 per cent more, on average, than did buyers using traditional financing to purchase similar housing. This result occurred despite the fact that the included ILC transactions were limited to those carrying an interest rate that was above the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) rate at the time of contract origination. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to transactions that occurred in one county of a Midwestern state over a ten-year period. Therefore, the results may not apply in other locations. Valuable extensions of the current study would include an investigation to determine if similar results apply in other local housing markets. In addition, an examination of ILC transactions for other property types (e.g. undeveloped land, commercial properties, etc.) which may involve more sophisticated vendees could prove interesting. Originality/value This is the first study to investigate bargaining power in the single-family house market by focusing on ILC transactions. In this rather unique market segment, evidence of an imbalance of bargaining power is found. The results suggest that prospective purchasers, real property investors, fee appraisers, county auditors and others interested in determining the value of a single-family house using the transaction price of comparable properties take precautions in identifying comparable properties. The results indicate that house acquisitions facilitated with an ILC may not be a good comparable for a traditionally financed property and vice versa.
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Curtis, Emer, and Breda Sweeney. "Flexibility and control in managing collaborative and in-house NPD." Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change 15, no. 1 (April 3, 2019): 30–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jaoc-07-2017-0057.

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Purpose Prior literature provides little insight on how management control systems have responded to the growth of collaborative new product development (NPD). The purpose of this paper is to contrast the use of budgets to manage collaborative and in-house NPD and to consider the implications for enabling flexibility. Design/methodology/approach The paper reports on the findings of a case study company in the medical devices industry that uses two different business models for its NPD activities. While the company engages in in-house NPD for its own products, it also engages in collaborative NPD services with a range of customers. Findings The study illuminates how two types of budgets (annual and project) can have very different impacts on flexibility under different business models. The annual financial budgets imposed rigid constraints on in-house NPD and resulted in reduced flexibility, whereas in collaborative NPD, they had little impact on flexibility. Project budgets created hard operational constraints in collaborative NPD which generated a highly pressurised yet highly creative environment, whereas project budgets had little impact on flexibility in in-house NPD. Originality/value The study contributes detailed empirical insights into the control systems used to manage collaborative NPD from the supplier perspective, where creativity is largely responsive and contrasts these with the management of in-house NPD where creativity is largely expected. The authors also contribute an analysis of the key control systems and other factors that sustain flexibility in this highly pressurised open innovation environment.
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MacMillan, Catharine. "EVOLUTION OR REVOLUTION? UNFAIR TERMS IN CONSUMER CONTRACTS." Cambridge Law Journal 61, no. 1 (March 7, 2002): 1–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197302281507.

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DIRECTORGeneral of Fair Trading v. First National Bank plc [2001] 1 UKHL 52, [2001] 3 W.L.R. 1297 marks the beginning of an evolution in the common law of contract. The House of Lords considered for the first time whether a contractual term was an unfair term under the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1994, S.I. 1994/3159 (which implemented Council Directive (EEC) 93/13, now implemented by the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999, S.I. 1999/2083). The case arose when the Director General sought injunctive relief, pursuant to regulation 8(2), to restrain the use of a contractual term.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Contrats in-house"

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Mouriesse, Elise. "La notion de quasi-régie en droit public français." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020063.

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Les enjeux de la quasi-régie (traduction française du « contrat « in house » ») sont multiples car elle constitue avant tout une dérogation aux règles de passation des contrats publics. Elle est de ce fait entièrement conditionnée par cette caractéristique et repose sur une combinaison particulière entre plusieurs modalités liées au fonctionnement des prestataires intégrés et aux relations qu’ils entretiennent avec leurs détenteurs. Seules les situations qui ne sont pas susceptibles de porter atteinte au bon fonctionnement du marché peuvent donc être qualifiées de mécanismes interorganiques. La quasi-régie est ainsi clairement distincte d’autres notions, telles les associations transparentes ou les montages artificiels, et constitue une véritable construction juridique légitime que les acteurs du secteur peuvent manier. Sa malléabilité est toutefois révélée par l’étude des modes d’intervention multiples avec lesquels elle est compatible en France : la société publique locale n’est par exemple qu’un moyen parmi d’autres de la mettre en oeuvre. Cette flexibilité est confirmée par le fait que les disciplines financière et fiscale françaises ne se saisissent pas de ce mécanisme, de telle sorte que la quasi-régie ne constitue pas un mode de gestion intermédiaire entre régie et externalisation. La qualité de contrat spécial, plus précisément celle de « contrat interorganique », semble toutefois pouvoir lui être attribuée car la quasi-régie repose sur une combinaison de circonstances contractuelles et institutionnelles spécifiques qui impliquent avant tout des modalités particulières en termes de passation, sans pour autant exclure certaines singularités en matière d’exécution
“In-house providing procurements” concern contracts awarded by contracting authorities without application of the procedures laid down in european secondary law. They thus have to be first considered as a derogation, which reveals their stakes but also the way they’ve been shaped. To make sure that it would’nt be used to abuse european law, european institutions have paid special attention to in-house operation’s conditions. In-house contracting parties have to prove the existence of particular conditions relating to the functioning of the contractor and its relations with its holders. Through those characteristics lies the particularity of in-house providing, which can be distinguished from other notions, such as “transparent associations” or “artificial schemes”. This is also a way to affirm in-house procurements’ legitimacy and to make it a real legal construction. This naturally leads to its qualification. Studying its manifestations in french public law makes clear that this construction is not complete. In-house contractor may take many legal forms, which brings to light in-house providing’s flexibility. It also prevents financial and fiscal french law to seize this derogation. In house-contracts can’t therefore be described as a an intermediary governance mode, between outsourcing and internal governance (in-house operations stricto sensu). Nevertheless, in-house providing procurements embody a type of special contracts, “les contrats interorganiques”, which implies particular rules relating to their passation and admits a certain particularity concerning their execution
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Deroudille, Alexis. "Les conditions de l'exception "in house" : contribution à une théorie du contrôle public sur les opérateurs dédiés." Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR1009.

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Apparue dans l’arrêt fondateur Teckal de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne, l’exception « in house » l’une des sources de dérogation à l’application du droit de la commande publique. A l’origine essentiellement prétorien, ce procédé juridique revient à dispenser certains pouvoirs adjudicateurs des obligations de publicité et de mise en concurrence qui caractérisent le droit de la commande publique, lorsque ceux-ci entendent confier un activité, ou déléguer une mission, à un prestataire sur lequel ils exercent un contrôle analogue à celui qu’ils exercent sur leurs propres services, et qu’en retour, ce prestataire réalise plus de 80% de son activité avec le pouvoir adjudicateur qui le contrôle. Le prestataire, bien qu’extérieur à l’administration est alors assimilé à l’un de ses service propres, si bien que la mission est considéré comme réalisée « en interne », d’où l’expression « in house »
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Le, Squeren Zoé. "Politics and public administration : the influence of electoral motives and ideology on the management of local public services." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E008/document.

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La présente thèse de doctorat propose une étude empirique des liens existant entre la sphère politique et la gestion des services publics locaux en France. Les municipalités sont confrontées à un choix lorsqu’elles doivent administrer leurs services publics : elles peuvent fournir un service en régie ou l’externaliser, et ainsi conclure des contrats avec le secteur privé. Dans un premier temps, ces arrangements conclus entre des entités publiques et privées sont analysés, et l’influence des motivations électorales des maires sur les renégociations contractuelles est révélée. Dans un second temps, les facteurs influençant les choix des maires entre gestion directe et externalisation sont étudiés. L’idéologie des maires successifs d’une ville apparaît comme un déterminant fondamental de la proportion de services publics gérés en régie. Enfin, le recours simultané à la régie et à l’externalisation pour un même service public est analysé, et il apparaît que ce choix est davantage stratégique que politique. Cette thèse de doctorat contribue à améliorer notre compréhension de la gestion des services publics locaux, et établit l’importance des facteurs politiques dans l’étude de cette dernière
This dissertation offers an empirical investigation of the links between the political sphere and the management of local public services in France. When they administer public services, local governments can decide either to provide a service in-house,or to externalize its management, and therefore conclude contracts with private entities.First, these public-private contracts are analyzed, and the major influence of mayors’ electoral motives on contractual renegotiations is revealed. Second, the drivers of the choice between internal provision and externalization of public services are studied. The political affiliation of successive mayors is found to be a major determinant of the proportion of public services provided in-house. Finally, the decision to provide one public service using simultaneously in-house provisionand externalization is studied, and it appears that this choice is more motivated by pragmatism rather than ideology. This dissertation contributes to add knowledge to the understanding of the management of local public services, and highlights the importance of political factors in the study of the latter
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Robin, Yoan. "Food supply procurement : the influence of politics on food supply chains and the governance of local public food services." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E055/document.

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Cette thèse propose une étude empirique des liens entre la sphère politique et la gestion des services publics locaux en France. Lorsqu'elles administrent les services publics, les administrations locales peuvent décider soit de fournir un service en régie, soit d'externaliser sa gestion, et donc de conclure des contrats avec des entités privées. Tout d'abord, ce choix de gouvernance est analysé dans le cas des cantines scolaires françaises et les moteurs politiques de ce choix sont mis en évidence. La contestation politique à l'élection municipale est considérée comme l'un des moteurs du choix organisationnel. Deuxièmement, nous avons analysé les contrats public-privé en cas d'externalisation. Nous avons constaté que ces contrats étaient plus rigides que les contrats privés purs. En outre, cette rigidité excessive peut s'expliquer par le niveau de contestation politique dans la municipalité. Enfin, les déterminants de l'approvisionnement alimentaire local sont étudiés. Nous constatons que la disponibilité des réseaux d'alimentation alternatifs est parfois motivée par des considérations politiques. Cette thèse contribue à ajouter des connaissances à la compréhension de la gestion des services publics locaux, ainsi qu'à la compréhension de la disponibilité des magasins de détail alimentaires
This dissertation offers an empirical investigation of the links between the political sphere and the management of local public services in France. When they administer public services, local governments can decide either to provide a service in-house, or to externalize its management, and therefore conclude contracts with private entities. First, this choice of governance is analyzed in the case of French school canteens and the political drivers of this choice are highlighted. The political contestation in the municipal election is found to be one of the drivers of the organizational choice. Second, we analyzed public-private contracts in case of externalization. We found those contracts to be more rigid than pure private contracts. Besides, this excessive rigidity can be explained by the level of political contestation in the municipality. Finally, the determinants of the local food supply is studied. We find that the availability of alternative food networks is sometimes driven by political considerations. This dissertation contributes to add knowledge to the understanding of the management of local public services, as well as to the understanding of food retail stores availability
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Mulokozi, Cordatus. "Employment contract and work outcomes : a comparative study of in-house and outsourced employees." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2060/.

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To improve efficiency and reduce costs, many organisations in the United Kingdom and other industrialised countries have embarked on outsourcing practices for resources such as skills and products. The objective of the study was to determine whether being in-house or outsourced has a significant effect on an employee's work outcomes i.e. work adjustment, job satisfaction and organisation commitment. And if they do, which of the two employment contracts has a higher effect on which outcome or outcomes. In-house and outsourced employees from two major London-based teaching hospitals and one mid-sized hospital, and three major London-based colleges were studied. In the case of hospitals, agency (outsourced) nurses were compared with their in-house counterparts. For the college employees, supply (outsourced) teachers were compared with their in- house counterparts. In-house business administration staffs of the above hospitals and colleges were compared with their outsourced (agency) counterparts. The above organisations and occupations were selected for the study because they had large numbers of outsourced employees and exhibited a variety of working conditions, management styles and organisational cultures. The employees were compared on five work adjustment behaviour indicators (below), satisfaction with: career progress made nature of work and overall organisational atmosphere, and affective organisational commitment. The work adjustment behaviour indicators were: The extent to which an individual pursued the organisation's work values. The extent to which an individual sought to meet job demands. The extent to which an individual sought to adhere to the organisation's norms and traditions. The extent to which an individual sought to adjust to the overall organisational atmosphere. The extent to which an individual sought to maintain the organisation's standards. A survey method was used to collect the data as it was deemed the most appropriate strategy, and questionnaires were sent to the employees of the above organisations. Regression analysis, one-way and two-way analyses of variance, and discriminant analysis were used to test the posited hypotheses. The results were supportive of the main hypothesis that 'an in-house employment contract relates to (or predicts) an individual's work adjustment, job satisfaction and organisational commitment differently from an outsourced employment contract'. The general pattern was that in-house employees were better adjusted, had higher job satisfaction and were more positively affectively committed than their outsourced counterparts. However, there were exceptions, which were discussed and explained. Work adjustment - conceived as a fundamental and primary outcome - was used as an explanatory framework. It was also found that the work adjustment process differed in different occupations. This differentiation between occupations in adjustment to work represented a step forward in our understanding of this area of organisational behaviour. The contribution and implications of the findings were explained. Recommendations for further study using longitudinal analysis and standardised work adjustment questionnaires were made.
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Huff, Melissa Lee. "Coming of Age in Spite of the Contrast of Vagueness: Native Speaker and The House on Mango Street as Erziehungsroman." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2008. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1489.

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Treating Sandra Cisneros' The House on Mango Street and Chang-rae Lee's Native Speaker as Erziehungsroman—that is, stories whose coming-of-age process depends on the characters' education—reveals the similar process that both Esperanza Cordero and Henry Park experience as they navigate the 1960s and 1970s American school system. The most important obstacle in Esperanza's and Henry's ability to achieve academically is the contract of vagueness, the tacit agreement between federal education policy and English language learning (ELL) students to misunderstand one another. Differing cultural conceptions of education perpetuate this mutually detrimental relationship between education policy and ELL students, forcing Henry and Esperanza to choose between satisfying the cultural expectations of their ethnic communities and fulfilling the cultural expectations of their schools, a decision which initially appears mutually exclusive. Exacerbated by their school experiences, both Henry and Esperanza go through a process of rejecting and reclaiming their ethnicity as they come to terms with their ethnic identity. That both characters eventually turn to social advocacy as a solution not only to their own educational struggles but also to the ghettoization of their ethnic communities suggests cosmopolitanism as a solution to the constraints of the contract of vagueness, both for Henry and Esperanza and for their ethnic communities.
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Huff, Melissa Lee. "Coming of age in spite of the contract of vagueness : Native Speaker and The House on Mango Street as Erziehungsroman /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2445.pdf.

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Wik, Johanna, and Karin Hedström. "Trenden för outsourcing samt faktorer som påverkar valet av outsourcing i fastighetsförvaltning." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Business Administration and Economics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-786.

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Syfte: Som blivande fastighetsekonomer ville vi finna mer kunskap om ämnet outsourcing och om hur fastighetsföretagen tänker och agerar kring detta.

Outsourcing känns för oss verklighetsförankrat och inspirerande, och vi hoppas vår studie ska bidra med förståelse för vad som styr valet av outsourcing samt ge en inblick i hur dess framtid kan komma att se ut.

Metod: För att få en användbar teori i denna uppsats har vi undersökt litteratur om outsourcing och fastighetsförvaltning. Vår studie sträcker sig över Gävleborg och Dalarna. Vi har skickat ut en enkät om trenden för outsourcing till 85 företag och fått svar av 52. Utifrån dessa enkäter har vi sedan valt ut ett antal företag som använder sig av outsourcing och sedan intervjuat dem mer ingående.

Resultat & slutsats:

Outsourcing är vanligt förekommande bland fastighetsföretagen i Gävleborg och Dalarna. 89 % av de svarande företagen använder sig av outsourcing i någon form. Kostnadsminskning, ökad flexibilitet samt fokusering på kärnverksamheten är viktiga motiv. En faktor som påverkar valet av outsourcing är att företagen vill undvika för stora och kostsamma organisationer.

Förslag till fortsatt forskning:

Vi tror att fortsatt forskning, utifrån denna studie, skulle kunna ta upp fastighetsföretagens kunder och hur de ser på outsourcing och hur det påverkar deras upplevelse av företaget i fråga. Vår studie kan också användas som jämförelsepunkt för att studera trenden för outsourcing och dess eventuella upp- eller nedgång i framtiden.

Uppsatsens bidrag:

Vi hoppas att vår studie ska bidra med kunskap om ämnet outsourcing och ge företagen i regionen en förståelse för hur andra företag ser på ämnet och hur de tror att framtiden kommer att utvecklas. Då outsourcing kan vara en stor del i ett företag och innebära stora beslut har vi också valt att visa på de faktorer som påverkar valet av outsourcing i fastighetsförvaltning.


Aim: As proposed real estate economists, we wanted to find more knowledge about outsourcing and about how the real estate companies intend and acts around this. Outsourcing feels reality anchored and inspiring, and we hope our study will contribute with understanding what governs the choice of outsourcing and give an insight in how the future will be.

Method: In order to find an applicable theory in this essay we have examined literature about outsourcing and real estate administration. Our study stretches over the area of Gävleborg and Dalarna. We have sent out a questionnaire about the trend for outsourcing to 85 companies and got replies of 52. On the basis of these questionnaires, we have chosen a number of companies that use outsourcing and interviewed them in more detail.

Result & Conclusions:

Outsourcing is commonly occurring among real estate companies in Gävleborg and Dalarna. 89% of the replying companies use outsourcing in some way. Cost reduction, increased flexibility and focus on the core activity are important reasons. A factor that influences the choice of outsourcing is that the companies want to avoid big and expensive organizations.

Suggestions for future research:

We believe that continued research, on the basis of this study, could include the customers of the real estate companies and their perspective on outsourcing and how outsourcing influences their experience of the company in question. Our study can also be used as comparison point to study the trend for outsourcing and its possible progress or decline.

Contribution of the thesis:

We hope that our study will contribute with knowledge about outsourcing and to give the companies in the region an understanding for how other companies see on the matter and how they believe that the future will be developed. Because outsourcing can be a big part in a company and involve big decisions we also pointing on the factors that influence the choice of outsourcing in real estate administration.

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Sartzetaki, Petroula-Anastasia. "Le droit hellénique de passation des marchés publics à l'épreuve du droit de l'Union européenne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1019.

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L'importance considérable des marchés publics, parmi les activités économiques de l'administration de l'État moderne, a poussé l'Union européenne, pour plusieurs raisons socio-économiques, à établir une réglementation unifiant les règles nationales afférentes afin d'assurer dans l'espace de l'Union une concurrence libre et saine entre les opérateurs économiques intéressés. Pour ce faire, outre les préceptes impérativement édictés par son droit primaire, l'Union a imposé aussi son droit dérivé sur la matière par des directives bien détaillées. Une définition extensive de la notion de marchés publics, encouragée constamment par la jurisprudence de la Cour, une catégorisation des modalités du régime de « passation des marchés publics » et une réglementation européenne procédurale pour la protection des intéressés ont été élaboré. La question s'élève donc sur l'impact de ce droit ainsi établit en la matière par l'Union européenne sur des considérations de base du droit public hellénique. Dans ce cadre d'harmonisation des droits nationaux sur la matière, se trouve l'opération d'insertion du droit de l'Union européenne dans l'ordre juridique hellénique ; insertion effectuée par les autorités normatives nationales, législateur et administration ; tandis que sur le domaine procédural un contrôle juridictionnel s'exerce sur cette réception dans l'ordre juridique national tant par le juge européen que par le juge national. De cette manière on peut esquisser la marge de liberté contractuelle des autorités publiques helléniques à l'aune des exigences du droit de l'Union européenne
The significance of public contracts amongst the economic activities of the modern state's administration, has led the European Union- for several socio-economic rationales- to establish a uniform regulatory framework so as to ensure fair and unbridled competition between the economic operators of the different Member States. To this end, in addition to the provisions of primary law, the EU has further enacted secondary legislation in the form of exhaustively detailed directives. In order to achieve the effective application of EU law in several public contracts a broad interpretation of the public contracts concept was developed, persistently encouraged by the Court's case law, and a categorisation of the public procurement types was adopted. Furthermore, European procedural rules were introduced with the aim of safeguarding rights that individuals derive from that law. The question thus is what is the impact of this comprehensive regulatory framework on the Greek public law considerations on the subject. It is in the context of national laws' harmonisation on the matter, that EU law is inserted in the Greek legislation ; this insertion is carried out via national regulatory authorities, the legislator and the administration ; moreover, in the procedural field, both the European and the national judge exercise judicial control over the reception of the EU law in the national legal order. By way of the aforementioned structure the contractual discretion of the Hellenic public authorities in the course of fulfilling the requirements imposed by EU law can be thoroughly explored
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Smith, David Brian. "A 2012 SURVEY AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF COMPOSTING AND ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OPTIONS FOR MIAMI UNIVERSITY." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1344965351.

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Books on the topic "Contrats in-house"

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Black, Annemarie. Bibliography of in-house and contract reports: Supplement 15. Fort Belvoir, Va: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Topographic Laboratories, 1988.

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Black, Annemarie. Bibliography of in-house and contract reports: Supplement 15. Fort Belvoir, Va: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Topographic Laboratories, 1988.

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United States. Bureau of Mines. Mining health and safety in-house and contract research in fiscal year 1985. Pittsburgh, Pa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1985.

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Campos, Diogo Duarte de. A escolha do parceiro privado nas parcerias público-privadas: A adjudicação "in house" em particular. [Coimbra]: Wolters Kluwer, 2010.

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Steen, Treumer, ed. The In-house providing in European law / Mario Comba & Steen Treumer, eds. [Copenhagen]: DJØF Pub., 2010.

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Office, General Accounting. Government contracting: Effect of changes in procurement and tax policy on the defense industry : report to the Honorable Charles E. Bennett, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1989.

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Office, General Accounting. NASA procurement: Challenges remain in implementing improvement reforms : report to the Chairman, Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1994.

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Subcommittee, United States Congress House Committee on Government Operations Legislation and National Security. Problems in the pricing of negotiated defense contracts: Hearing before a subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session, October 3, 1985. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations. Legislation and National Security Subcommittee. Problems in the pricing of negotiated defense contracts: Hearing before a subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session, October 3, 1985. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Subcommittee, United States Congress House Committee on Government Operations Legislation and National Security. Problems in the pricing of negotiated defense contracts: Hearing before a subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session, October 3, 1985. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Contrats in-house"

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Weinstein, Herbert. "Contract Packaging or In-House Manufacturing?" In Food Product Development: Based on Experience, 171–77. Ames, Iowa, USA: Iowa State Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470376898.ch13.

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Finn, John. "Type of Contract for Substations (In House or Turnkey)." In Substations, 115–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49574-3_8.

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Button, Mark, and Bruce George. "Why some organisations prefer in-house to contract security staff." In Crime At Work, 210–24. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23551-3_15.

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Thompson, Mark P., and Martin George. "6. The Transfer of Freehold Land." In Thompson's Modern Land Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198722830.003.0006.

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Land may be transferred by sale and upon death. The process of buying or selling a house is known as conveyancing and involves three stages: the pre-contract stage, in which the buyer and the seller conclude the negotiations and make an agreement as to the sale of the property; the formation of the contract; and the completion of the transaction when the property is conveyed or transferred to the buyer and the seller receives the purchase money. This chapter deals with the transfer of freehold land in England via sale or upon death. It discusses the pre-contract stage, contracts made before 27 September 1989 and after 26 September 1989, terms of the contract, failed contracts, estoppel, electronic conveyancing, the effect of the contract after it has been signed by both parties in land transfer, transmission of the legal estate, testate succession, and intestacy.
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Keeley, Theresa. "Maryknoll and Iran-Contra." In Reagan's Gun-Toting Nuns, 188–210. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501750755.003.0008.

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This chapter highlights how the conservative U.S. Catholics held up catholic William Casey and former catholic Oliver North as symbols of true Catholics and patriots, not Maryknollers, whom they blamed for Iran-Contra. It talks about missionaries that condemned the Contras' human rights abuses and argued it was U.S. influence Nicaraguans needed saving from. It also mentions Henry Hyde, who was part of the joint Senate House congressional efforts to investigate Iran-Contra. The chapter investigates Iran-Contra as the scheme to sell arms to Iran in exchange for U.S. hostages and to transfer the excess funds to the Contras. It recounts how the Reagan administration still pursued a take-no-prisoners approach when it came to its Contra policy despite the Iran-Contra revelations.
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Callender, Guy. "The Management of Services Contracts." In Service Science Research, Strategy and Innovation, 37–48. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0077-5.ch002.

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The management of services creates a new and exciting development in business relationship management. It is a field which grows as organizations increasingly seek to specialize and also replace in-house service delivery with contractual relationships with suppliers. This chapter explores many of the attributes and challenges of planning, developing, and managing service contracts within complex supply chains.
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McKendrick, Ewan. "11. The Interpretation of Contracts." In Contract Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198808169.003.0011.

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This chapter focuses on the principles applied by the courts when interpreting contracts, as set out by the House of Lords in Investors Compensation Scheme Ltd v. West Bromwich Building Society and the Supreme Court in Arnold v. Britton and Wood v. Capita Insurance Services Ltd. The chapter discusses the scope of these principles (in particular, the ‘factual matrix’, the exclusion of pre-contractual negotiations, the meaning of words, ‘corrective interpretation’, and the balance to be struck between the natural and ordinary meaning of the words and giving to the words a commercial sensible construction.
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McKendrick, Ewan. "11. The Interpretation of Contracts." In Contract Law, 363–79. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198855293.003.0011.

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This chapter focuses on the principles applied by the courts when interpreting contracts, as set out by the House of Lords in Investors Compensation Scheme Ltd v. West Bromwich Building Society and the Supreme Court in Arnold v. Britton and Wood v. Capita Insurance Services Ltd. The chapter discusses the scope of these principles (in particular, the ‘factual matrix’, the exclusion of pre-contractual negotiations, the meaning of words, ‘corrective interpretation’, and the balance to be struck between the natural and ordinary meaning of the words and giving to the words a commercial sensible construction.
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McKendrick, Ewan. "24. Specific Performance." In Contract Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198808169.003.0024.

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Specific performance is a remedy which orders the defendant to perform his obligations under the contract. It is an equitable remedy which is available in the discretion of the court. This chapter examines the circumstances in which the courts will make a specific performance order. Particular attention is given to the decision of the House of Lords in Co-operative Insurance Society Ltd v. Argyll Stores (Holdings) Ltd [1998] AC 1. It also considers the question whether English law should develop a more liberal approach to the availability of specific performance and recognize the existence of a general right to specific performance.
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McKendrick, Ewan. "24. Specific Performance." In Contract Law, 901–26. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198855293.003.0024.

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Specific performance is a remedy which orders the defendant to perform his obligations under the contract. It is an equitable remedy which is available in the discretion of the court. This chapter examines the circumstances in which the courts will make a specific performance order. Particular attention is given to the decision of the House of Lords in Co-operative Insurance Society Ltd v. Argyll Stores (Holdings) Ltd [1998] AC 1. It also considers the question whether English law should develop a more liberal approach to the availability of specific performance and recognize the existence of a general right to specific performance.
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Conference papers on the topic "Contrats in-house"

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Sokas, Algirdas. "Software agent system controls comfort settings in the house." In The 13th International Conference on Engineering and Computer Graphics BALTGRAF-13. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/baltgraf.2015.008.

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A building can be called intelligent when it has the means for automatic control of all systems for life activities. Intelligent environments are able to support ever-changing environmental needs by automatically and dynamically adjusting their key parameters without explicit human intervention. An intelligent building can be defined as one that is able to acquire and apply knowledge about its inhabitants and their surroundings in order to adapt to the inhabitants and meet the goals of comfort and efficiency. Agents are software programs designed to act autonomously and adaptively to achieve goals defined by their human developers. These systems make use of a knowledge base and algorithms to carry out their responsibilities. This article analyses software agent system in the building environment. How does the agent control temperature and humidity in the house, how does it make decisions? The creation tasks of software agent system are solved with the help of Agent Unified Modelling Language. The collaboration diagram describes a particular situation and is useful to present objective range analysis results. Temperature and humidity measurement and access control appliances can interact with each other with defined functions. Fuzzy controller ensures the comfort situation in the room. Fuzzy logic rules in line with the method of choice are very important during system design. Study the conventional fuzzy control, which is also known as the creator of the first Mamdani fuzzy system. Logical description of the decision engine IF - THEN a rule set of fuzzy expert system to provide connections between the fuzzy variables in order to obtain the changes that occur in the input sensor. The computer program of fuzzy system is analysed. Obtained results are discussed and conclusions are made.
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Edgeworth, A. L., T. Anderson, J. A. Ross, I. F. Ansell, M. Butler, L. Norrie, W. N. McDicken, and C. M. Moran. "Strength of attachment of an in-house, microbubble, ultrasound contrast agent." In 2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ultsym.2009.5441442.

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Wilsoncroft, Charles. "NEC3: Managing Change." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16380.

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The Office of Government Commerce (OGC) has endorsed the use of NEC for all public sector contracts. The reason being is that it stimulates effective project management and enables the parties to manage risk and change more efficiently, which in turn serves to mitigate the cost and time effects of any risk event should it arise under the contract. In essence it facilitates a more collaborative working culture between the parties. The NEC3 contract is gaining in popularity and has been adopted for use in the decommissioning of nuclear power stations and the London Olympics, it also recently received support in the Tenth Special Report on Construction Matters by the House of Commons. It has strict time limits for the notification of compensation events as set out in the core clause 61.3 whereby the Contractor’s contract administration team needs to notify the project manager within an eight week period of becoming aware of the event. The contract also provides for an early warning procedure whereby the Contractor and the project manager will cooperate and proactively discuss how issues can be overcome in a collaborative manner. This NEC3 contract requires both the Contractor and the Employer to act positively and is welcomed as a possible solution to the entrenched disputes which have regularly occurred on major energy projects and if properly administered will hopefully result in an earlier and less fraught final account settlement process for both parties.
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Jochum, Clemens J., Alexander J. Lawson, and Sylvia D. Ernst. "Numerical databases of chemical properties in a client/server relationship: A contrast of the Beilstein file in in-house and online environments." In The first European conference on computational chemistry (E.C.C.C.1). AIP, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.47779.

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Alexiou, Alexios, Charalambos Frantzis, Nikolaos Aretakis, Vassilios Riziotis, Ioannis Roumeliotis, and Konstantinos Mathioudakis. "Contra-Rotating Propeller Modelling for Open Rotor Engine Performance Simulations." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-56645.

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This paper presents a method for modelling contra-rotating propellers (CRP) for engine performance simulations. An in-house free-wake lifting surface tool (GENUVP) is used to generate suitable performance maps for each propeller that express power and thrust coefficient in terms of advance ratio, flight Mach number, speed ratio and blade pitch angle of each propeller. Appropriate component models that utilize these maps are then developed in a commercial engine performance simulation environment (PROOSIS). Next, the propeller components are integrated in a direct-drive open rotor engine model. Finally, design point and off-design simulations are carried out that demonstrate the use of the model through studies of different propeller blade angle control strategies.
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Hoffstadt, Thorben, and Jürgen Maas. "Sensorless Force Control Interface for DEAP Stack-Actuators." In ASME 2015 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2015-9044.

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Transducers based on dielectric electroactive polymers (DEAP) offer an attractive balance of work density and electromechanical efficiency. For example in automation and haptic applications, especially multilayer transducers are used to scale up their absolute deformation and force. Depending on the application different transducer controls have to be realized to match the specifications of the particular application. However, analogous to conventional electromechanical drive systems an inner sensor-less force control can be realized for DEAP transducers, too. For this force control the nonlinear relations between voltage and electrostatic pressure as well as the electromechanical coupling have to be considered. The resulting open-loop force control can be used for superimposed motion controls, such as position, vibration and impedance controls. Therefore, within this contribution the authors propose a model-based feedforward force control based on an overall model of the transducer that does not require any force measurement. Finally, the derived open-loop force control interface is experimentally validated using in-house developed DEAP stack-transducers and driving power electronics.
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Herbell, Thomas P., and Andrew J. Eckel. "Ceramic Matrix Composites for Rocket Engine Turbine Applications." In ASME 1992 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/92-gt-394.

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A program to establish the potential for introducing fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites (FRCMC) in future rocket engine turbopumps was instituted in 1987. A brief summary of the overall program (both contract and in-house research) is presented. Tests at NASA Lewis include thermal upshocks in a hydrogen/oxygen test rig capable of generating heating rates up to 2500 °C/sec. Post thermal upshock exposure evaluation includes the measurement of residual strength and failure analysis. Test results for monolithic ceramics and several FRCMC are presented. Hydrogen compatibility was assessed by isothermal exposure of monolithic ceramics in high temperature gaseous hydrogen plus water vapor.
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Huening, Jennifer J., Prasoon Joshi, Hyuk Ju Ryu, Wen-hsien Chuang, Di Xu, May Ling Oh, Shuai Zhao, and Tom Tong. "High Spatial and Energy Resolution Fault Isolation by Electron Beam Probing for Advanced Technology Nodes." In ISTFA 2020. ASM International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2020p0100.

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Abstract On older semiconductor technology, electron-beam probing (EBP) for active voltage contrast and waveform on frontside metal lines was widely utilized. EBP is also being extended to include the well-known optical techniques such as signal mapping imaging (SMI) with the use of a lock-in amplifier in the signal chain and e-beam device perturbation. This paper highlights some of the achievements from an Intel in-house built e-beam tool on current technology nodes. The discussion covers the demonstration of fin and contact resolution on the current technology nodes by EBP and the analysis of the SRAM array with EBP and EBP of metal lines. By utilizing EBP, it has been demonstrated that logic state imaging, SMI, and waveform have significantly improved spatial resolution compared to the current optical fault isolation analogues.
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McFarlane, Wayne G., and Allen Marsollier. "Effective Use of an Alliance to Deliver Pipeline Maintenance Services." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27394.

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Pipeline companies face a difficult task in cost-effectively managing pipeline maintenance activities. Complexity is introduced due to geographical expanse, remote locations, access to qualified contractors and the desire to hire locally, and contract management of available suppliers. Pipeline companies have traditionally provided maintenance activities through in-house resourcing, or management of a multitude of available contractors. With increasing efforts to focus in-house resources on core pipeline operations, there has been a corresponding shift in moving noncore maintenance activities to outside providers. This has introduced an increase in administration costs associated with supplier qualification activities, document management and payment processing. TransCanada PipeLines Limited has developed a model where core skills have been retained to perform critical activities in-house and less essential services have been contracted out, along with the management of the subcontracts. This model relies on a central dispatch service along with a large base of subcontractors strategically located along our pipeline system to provide these services. The process involves two basic steps — managing subcontractors and performing work. Managing subcontractors is the key to the process. This part of the process proactively provides TransCanada with qualified subcontractors at the right place, the right time and for the best price. This paper will discuss the alliance model we’ve implemented in conjunction with Ledcor Industrial Maintenance Ltd. for contracted services and how this arrangement is crucial to our success in managing maintenance activities cost effectively. We will describe the model, how it was developed and implemented, how it works and some of the benefits that make it a successful contribution to regional operations. We will also discuss some of the key lessons learned. Further details on the process will be presented, along with the bottom-line benefits associated with this type of relationship.
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Pino-Romainville, Francisco A., Jagannath R. Nanduri, Ansaar T. Rai, and Ismail B. Celik. "Dispersion Study in a Giant Intracranial Aneurysm Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Techniques." In ASME/JSME 2007 5th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2007-37444.

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The formation and growth of intracranial aneurysms is partly attributed to various hemodynamic factors such as shear stress and pressure. This issue is further investigated in the present paper using some new insight gained from passive scalar dispersion in the blood flow. Intracranial aneurysms are best visualized using selective catheter angiogram technique where a contrast agent added to the blood flow is visualized and filmed dynamically. In the current study, the 2D threshold images produced by “3D rotational X-ray angiography technique” are used in an ‘in-house’ program to construct a 3D volumetric grid which is then used to calculate the blood flow through the aneurysm. Dispersion of a fluid material with properties similar to that of the contrast agent is also modeled in the blood flow. Unlike previous studies, we investigated the dispersion of a pulsed scalar to better understand the flow dynamics. Results from a large aneurysm are compared to those for a relative small one to show the effect of geometry. The dispersion and flow patterns show the localization of high stress in stagnation areas, which may be the potential regions for the origin and growth of aneurysms. We also investigated the dependence of flow properties on the initial and boundary conditions to calculate the pressure and the wall shear stress values for a given geometry.
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Reports on the topic "Contrats in-house"

1

Diaz, Jean R. Bibliography of In-House and Contract Reports, Supplement 20. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada323800.

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Diaz, Jean R. Bibliography of In-House and Contract Reports, Supplement 18. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada265475.

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Diaz, Jean R., E. J. Books, and Karen Carroll. Bibliography of In-House and Contract Reports. Supplement 17. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada252543.

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