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Mansour, Ali. "Contribution à la séparation aveugle de sources." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0012.
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Le probleme de separation de sources est un probleme relativement recent en traitement du signal, qui consiste a separer des sources, statistiquement independantes, observees par un reseau de capteurs. Dans cette these, plusieurs approches ont ete etudiees : deux approches directes, valables uniquement pour le melange lineaire instantane, ont ete proposees. La premiere, analytique, est basee sur les statistiques de signaux observes, l'autre geometrique, est basee sur les distributions de ces signaux, dont la densite de probabilite est supposee a support borne. Pour les signaux de meme signe de kurtosis, on a propose un algorithme adaptatif base uniquement sur les cumulants croises (2x2). Ce critere est valable pour les melanges instantanes, aussi bien pour les melanges convolutifs. L'hypothese concernant le signe de kurtosis est assez frequent dans la litterature sur la separation de sources. Des etudes sur cette hypothese, et sur sa relation avec la nature de sources, sont presentees dans cette these. Finalement, en s'inspirant des methodes d'identification aveugles et a l'aide de deux parametrisations differentes de la matrice de sylvester, on montre la possibilite de separer un melange convolutif ou le transformer en un melange instantane, en utilisant les statistiques de second ordre. Dans ce cadre, trois algorithmes de sous-espaces sont proposes.
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Seiti, Kastriot. "Contribution theorique a l'etude de l'acidite dans les zeolithes." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066533.
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Le present travail a deux objectifs: caracterisation des sites acides dans les milieux zeolitiques a l'aide des methodes de la chimie theorique et presentation d'une analyse critique des procedures theoriques actuellement disponibles pour traiter ce genre de probleme
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Xie, Shuiwei Engineering & Information Technology Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "Dynamic Contribution-based Decomposition Method and Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for Multidisciplinary Engineering Optimisation." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. Engineering & Information Technology, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43899.
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A novel decomposition method that is referred to as Contribution-based Decomposition is presented in this thesis. The influence of variables on the values of objective functions and/ or constraints is interpreted as their contributions. Based on contributions of variables, a design problem is decomposed into a number of sub-problems so that variables have similar relative contributions within each sub-problem. The similarity in contributions among variables will lead to an even pressure on the variables when they are driven to better solutions during an optimisation process and, as a result, better solutions can be obtained. Due to nonlinearity of objectives and/ or constrains, variables??? contributions may vary significantly during the solution process. To cope with such variations, a Dynamic Contribution-based Decomposition (DCD) is proposed. By employing DCD, decomposition of system problems is carried out not only at the beginning, but also during the optimisation process, and as a result, the decomposition will always be consistent with the contributions of the current solutions. Further more, a random decomposition is also developed and presented to work in conjunction with the Dynamic Contribution-based Decomposition to introduce re-decompositions when it is required, aiming to increase the global exploring ability. To solve multidisciplinary engineering optimisation problems more efficiently, new solvers are also developed. These include a mixed discrete variable Pattern Search (MDVPS) algorithm and a mixed discrete variable Genetic Algorithm (MDVGA). Inside the MDVGA, new techniques including a flexible floating-point encoding method, a non-dominance ranking strategy and heuristic crossover and mutation operators are also developed to avoid premature convergence and enhance the GA???s search ability. Both MDVPS and MDVGA are able to handle optimisation problems having mixed discrete variables. The former algorithm is more capable of local searching and the latter has better global search ability. A hybrid solver is proposed, which incorporates the MDVPS and the MDVGA and takes advantage of both their strengths. Lastly, a Dynamic Sub-space Optimisation (DSO) method is developed by employing the proposed Dynamic Contribution-based Decomposition methods and the hybrid solver. By employing DSO, decomposed sub-problems can be solved without explicit coordination. To demonstrate the capability of the proposed methods and algorithms, a range of test problems have been exercised and the results are documented. Collectively the results show significant improvements over other published popular approaches.
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Smyth, Clifford. "The contribution of Feldenkrais Method to mind-body medicine." Thesis, Saybrook Graduate School and Research Center, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1536829.
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The Feldenkrais Method generates a range of healthful or salutogenic outcomes, yet its contribution to the field of mind-body medicine (MBM) remains largely unexamined. The Feldenkrais Method is a form of somatic education offering both practices and theoretical perspectives for an integrated mind-body approach. Research shows that the Feldenkrais Method produces outcomes on a range of functional, psychophysical, and psychosocial measures. This thesis argues that the Feldenkrais Method is an awareness practice of value for mind-body and integrative approaches to health.
Possible mechanisms and dynamics of action of the Feldenkrais Method are presented. This thesis proposes that non- or preconscious intentionality and "know-how" can be an important aspect of healthy behavior. Somatics practices and somatic awareness can play an important role in creating an intentional arc toward health. This study supports the importance of research into the Feldenkrais Method in relation to MBM and health.
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Guessasm, Mohamed. "Contribution à la détermination des domaines de résistance de matériaux hétérogènes non périodiques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10010.
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Le travail realise a pour objet la determination des domaines de resistance macroscopiques de materiaux heterogenes non periodiques, dans le cadre de la theorie du calcul a la rupture. Afin de caracteriser le comportement non lineaire des materiaux aleatoirement heterogenes, le modele extremal heterogene (m. E. H. ) propose une formulation interessante dans le cas ou le comportement des materiaux constitutifs derive d'un potentiel. Un modele en contraintes, utilisant le cadre conceptuel du m. E. H. , est developpe. Ce modele concerne les materiaux dont le domaine de resistance est, soit convexe (dans ce cas il est identique au m. E. H. ), soit simplement etoile de centre l'origine des contraintes. Une application est realisee sur un materiau perfore aleatoirement. Le modele en contraintes adopte deux descriptions pour le materiau perfore. La premiere description est basee sur les fractions volumiques des materiaux constitutifs. La deuxieme description suppose que le materiau perfore aleatoirement est un agregat de plusieurs materiaux perfores periodiquement. Cette modelisation fournit une famille de domaines de resistance dependant d'un parametre d'heterogeneite r. Ce dernier est determine par calage des previsions numeriques aux resultats experimentaux pour une sollicitation donnee. Le domaine de resistance ainsi obtenu est valide par confrontation des previsions numeriques aux resultats experimentaux pour d'autres types de sollicitations. Parallelement a ce travail, des methodes de resolution sont developpees (a la fois simples et performantes) pour les problemes d'optimisation auxquels conduisent les approches en contraintes (du calcul a la rupture ou de l'homogeneisation). Sous des hypotheses relatives aux domaines de resistance, ces problemes d'optimisation, au depart sous conditions non lineaires, sont ramenes a des problemes d'infmax sans conditions avec une reduction significative du nombre de variables. Leur resolution est basee sur une methode de regularisation originale, effectuee sur une fonctionnelle independante de l'operateur max.
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Peters, Felix T. [Verfasser]. "A PC-SAFT Group Contribution Method for Polymers / Felix T. Peters." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1045989282/34.
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Shimako, Allan. "Contribution to the development of a dynamic Life Cycle Assessment method." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ISAT0014/document.
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L'analyse du cycle de vie (ACV) est une méthode très utilisée pour l'évaluation environnementale d'un système anthropique. Les spécialistes ont souligné l'absence de dimension temporelle comme une limitation. Les procédés de la technosphère sont dynamiques, ce qui conduirait à un inventaire de cycle de vie (ICV) dépendant du temps. Les mécanismes environnementaux impliqués dans la génération des impacts ont des caractéristiques dynamiques variées déterminant une manifestation temporelle spécifiques des impacts. Cependant, l’impact du cycle de vie (EICV) actuelles considère des modèles en conditions stationnaires et des horizons de temps arbitrairement fixés. L'objectif de cette thèse est de contribuer au développement d'une méthodologie opérationnelle et des outils adaptés pour la prise en compte du temps dans l'ACV, en accordant une importance au développement d'une approche de modélisation intégrée pour l’ICV et l’EICV. La première contribution de cette thèse concerne le développement d'une base de données temporelle, en s'appuyant sur la base de données ecoinvent, dans laquelle les paramètres temporels ont été attribués aux sets de données. Des indicateurs dynamiques pour le changement climatique et la toxicité ont été développés en adaptant les modèles disponibles et ils ont été mis en place dans un outil de calcul propre. L'approche de modélisation tient compte de la nature fluctuante des émissions des substances en fonction du temps calculées par le modèle d’ICV temporel DyPLCALife Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a widely used method for the environmental evaluation of an anthropogenic system. However, LCA scholars pointed out the lack of a temporal dimension as a limitation. The processes of technosphere are dynamic which leads to a time dependent life cycle inventory (LCI). Environmental mechanisms involved in impact developments have distinct dynamic behaviors determining specific temporal occurrence. However, the current life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) methods consider arbitrarily fixed time horizons and/or steady state conditions. The objective of this thesis is to contribute to the development of an operational methodology and adapted tools for the consideration of time dependency in LCA, with emphasis on the development of an integrated modelling solution for both the life cycle inventory and the life cycle impact assessment phases. The first contribution of this thesis concerns the development of a temporal data base, leaning against ecoinvent data base, in which temporal parameters have been attributed to the data sets. Dynamic climate change and toxicity impacts were developed by adapting available models and were implemented in a homemade computational tool. The modelling approach takes into account the noisy nature of substance emissions in function of time as calculated by DyPLCA temporal LCI model
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Saunier, Monique. "Contribution à l'étude sérologique et taxonomique de certains pathovars de p. Syringae." Angers, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ANGE0010.
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L'ensemble des travaux rapportés concernent essentiellement les pseudomonas phytopathogènes, au travers des espèces p. Cichorii, p. Viridiflava, et p. Syringae, plus spécialement les pathovars aptata, helianthi, lacrymans, morsprunorum persicae, phaseolicola, pisi, porri, savastanoi, syringae, tabaci, et tomato. La notion de profil sérologique obtenu en immunodiffusion y est définie et présentée comme un mode de lecture de la structure des chaines latérales du lipopolysaccharide. Une vingtaine de sérogroupes sont mis en évidence à l'aide d'une batterie de 24 sérums différentiels parmi un ensemble de 1250 souches. Les résultats sérologiques confirment les liens sérologiques des nombreux pathovars de p. Syringae et avec l'espèce p. Viridiflava. Cependant, des groupes sérologiques sont clairement définis, qui sont spécifiques d'un ou d'un nombre réduit de pathovars. Le pathovar syringae est un cas à part. On y trouve à des fréquences variables, l'ensemble des profils définis pour les autres pathovars de p. Syringae. L'espèce p. Viridiflava offre un cas similaire. La méthode d'étude du profil d'assimilation en api150 est optimisée. La prise en compte des cinétiques de croissance et les traitements de ces données par des méthodes à fondement mathématique issues de l'analyse des données (distance euclidienne et agrégation selon la variance) permettent d'étudier précisément le profil d'assimilation des différents groupes de souches et de mettre en évidence précisément le profil d'assimilation des différents groupes de souches et de mettre en évidence des sous-groupes biochimiques résultant d'une analyse multidimensionnelle qui pourraient répondre à la notion de biovars. Les résultats biochimiques confirment l'isolement des espèces p. Cichorii, p. Viridiflava, et du pathovar syringae. La majorité des autres pathovars étudiés sont caractérisés par un profil d'assimilation spécifique. La synthèse des résultats montre que la plupart des pathovars étudiés de l'espèce p. Syringae (hormis pv syringae) tels qu'ils sont définis actuellement, se présentent comme des écotypes biochimiquement et sérologiquement caractérisés.
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Walther, Édouard. "Contribution de la Lattice Boltzmann Method à l’étude de l’enveloppe du bâtiment." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLN004/document.
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Les enjeux de réduction des consommations d’énergie, d’estimation de la durabilité ainsi que l’évolution des pratiques constructives et réglementaires génèrent une augmentation significative du niveau de détail exigé dans la simulation des phénomènes physiques du Génie Civil pour une prédiction fiable du comportement des ouvrages. Le bâtiment est le siège de phénomènes couplés multi-échelles, entre le microscopique (voire le nanoscopique) et le macroscopique, impliquant des études de couplages complexes entre matériaux, à l’instar des phénomènes de sorption-désorption qui influent sur la résistance mécanique, les transferts de masse, la conductivité, le stockage d’énergie ou la durabilité d’un ouvrage. Les méthodes numériques appliquées permettent de résoudre certains de ces problèmes en ayant recours aux techniques de calcul multi-grilles, de couplage multi-échelles ou de parallélisation massive afin de réduire substantiellement les temps de calcul. Dans le présent travail, qui traite de plusieurs simulations ayant trait à la physique du bâtiment, nous nous intéressons à la pertinence d’utilisation de la méthode "Lattice Boltzmann". Il s’agit d’une méthode numérique construite sur une grille – d’où l’appellation de lattice – dite "mésoscopique" qui, à partir d’un raisonnement de thermodynamique statistique sur le comportement d’un groupes de particules microscopiques de fluide, permet d’obtenir une extrapolation consistante vers son comportement macroscopique. Après une étude les avantages comparés de la méthode et sur le comportement oscillatoire qu'elle exhibe dans certaines configurations, on présente :- une application au calcul des propriétés diffusives homogénéisée des matériaux cimentaires en cours d'hydratation, par résolution sur le cluster du LMT.- une application à l'énergétique du bâtiment avec la comportement d'une paroi solaire dynamique, dont le calcul a été porté sur carte graphique afin d'en évaluer le potentielReducing building energy consumption and estimating the durability of structures are ongoing challenges in the current regulatory framework and construction practice. They suppose a significant increase of the level of detail for simulating the physical phenomena of Civil Engineering to achieve a reliable prediction of structures.Building is the centre of multi-scale, coupled phenomena ranging from the micro (or even nano) to the macro-scale, thus implying complex couplings between materials such as sorption-desorption process which influences the intrinsic properties of matter such as mechanical resistance, mass transfer, thermal conductivity, energy storage or durability.Applied numerical methods allow for the resolution of some of these problems by using multi-grid computing, multi-scale coupling or massive parallelisation in order to substantially reduce the computing time.The present work is intended to evaluate the suitability of the “lattice Boltzmann method” applied to several applications in building physics. This numerical method, said to be “mesoscopic”, starts from the thermodynamic statistical behaviour of a group of fluid particles, mimicking the macroscopic behaviour thanks to a consistent extrapolation across the scales.After having studied the comparative advantages of the method and the oscillatory behaviour it displays under some circumstances, we present - An application to the diffusive properties of cementitious materials during hydration via numerical homogenization and cluster-computing numerical campaign - An application to building energy with the modeling of a solar active wall in forced convection simulated on a graphical processing unit
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El, Bachari Rachid. "Contribution à l'étude des algorithmes proximaux : décomposition et perturbation variationnelle." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES026.
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Cette thèse est consacrée à la résolution d'inclusions monotones et en particulier de problèmes d'optimisation convexe. D'une part, nous proposons une nouvelle méthode fondée sur une relaxation de l'étape proximale de la méthode de l'inverse partiel ; les tests numériques ont confirmé une amélioration très nette de la vitesse de convergence dans certains cas par rapport aux algorithmes connus. D'autre part, nous proposons une version diagonale de la méthode de Lions-Mercier, ce qui permet notamment en optimisation convexe, de combiner la méthode des directions alternées des multiplicateurs avec une classe importante de méthodes de pénalité.
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Guerine, Ahmed. "Contribution à l'étude du comportement dynamique d'un système d'engrenage en présence d'incertitudes." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ISAM0013/document.
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Dans le cadre de la présente thèse, on a procédé à l’étude du comportement dynamique d’un système d’engrenage comportant des paramètres incertains. Une des principales hypothèses faite dans l’utilisation des méthodes de prise en compte des incertitudes, est que le modèle est déterministe, c’est-à-dire que les paramètres utilisés dans le modèle ont une valeur définie et invariante. Par ailleurs, la connaissance du domaine de variation de la réponse dynamique du système dues aux incertitudes qui découle des coefficients d’amortissement, des raideurs d’engrènement, la présence de frottement entre les pièces, les défauts de montage et de fabrication ou l’inertie des pales dans le cas d’éolienne est essentielle. Pour cela, dans la première partie, on s’applique à décrire la réponse dynamique d’une transmission par engrenage comportant des paramètres modélisés par des variables aléatoires. Pour ce faire, nous utilisons la simulation de Monte Carlo, la méthode de perturbation et la méthode de projection sur un chaos polynomial. Dans la seconde partie,deux approches sont utilisées pour analyser le comportement dynamique d’un système d’engrenage d’éolienne : l’approche probabiliste et l’approche ensembliste basée sur la méthode d’analyse par intervalles. L'objectif consiste à comparer les deux approches pour connaitre leurs avantages et inconvénients en termes de précision et temps de calculIn the present work, the dynamic behavior of a gear system with uncertain parameters is studied. One of the principal hypotheses in the use of methods for taking into account uncertainties is that the model is deterministic, that is to say that parameters used in the model have a defined and fixed value. Furthermore, the knowledge of variation response of a gear system involving damping coefficients, mesh stiffness, friction coefficient, assembly defect, manufacturing defect or the input blades in the case of wind turbine is essential. In the first part, we investigate the dynamic response of a gear system with uncertain parameters modeled as random variables. A Monte Carlo simulation, a perturbation method and a polynomial chaos method are carried out. In the second part, two approaches are used to analyze the dynamic behavior of a wind turbine gear system : the probabilistic approach and the interval analysis method. The objective is to compare the two approaches to define their advantages and disadvantages in terms of precision and computation time
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Jacobs, Ralf Theo. "A contribution towards the solution of scattering problems with the fast multipole method." Dresden TUDpress, 2009. http://d-nb.info/996092536/04.
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Han, Fei. "The chronology of earliest human settlement in China : contribution of ESR dating method." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MNHN0028.
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L'étude des sites archéologiques de la fin du Pliocène et du Pléistocène inférieur en Asie de l'Est peut aider à comprendre quand a eu lieu la première sortie d'Afrique des hominidés et de savoir comment s’est effectué le peuplement de l’Asie. Certaines preuves de la présence des premiers hominiens en Chine ne sont pas toujours reconnues, principalement à cause d'une incertitude chronologique, ces sites étant au-delà de la limite d’applicabilité de la méthode U-Th et ne présentant pas de matériaux volcaniques permettant d’utiliser les méthodes K-Ar ou Ar-Ar. La méthode de datation ESR/U-Th combinée peut aider à résoudre ce problème, parce que son application sur les dents fossiles permet potentiellement de dater des sites de plus de 1 Ma, si la précision de la reconstruction de l'histoire de l’absorption de l'uranium dans l’échantillon le permet. Un paramètre p de diffusion de l'uranium doit être défini pour chaque tissu dentaire et l'âge obtenu par le modèle ESR-US est moins incertaine que ceux déterminés par les modèles ESR conventionnels EU (absorption précoce) et LU (absorption linéaire). Dans ce travail, la méthode de datation combinant ESR et U-Th a été appliquée à la datation de dents fossiles de deux sites pléistocène inférieur de Chine, Longgupo et Donggutuo. Cette étude montre que cette méthode peut être utilisée pour dater des sites archéologiques anciens, mais certains challenges demeurent. Un des principaux problèmes pour les deux sites est la détermination de la paleodose. Une analyse comparative montre que l’utilisation d’une fonction de saturation à double exponentielle permet d’obtenir systématiquement un meilleur ajustement aux points expérimentaux qu’une fonction de saturation conventionnelle à simple exponentielle. Par ailleurs, une autre difficulté de la datation du site de Longgupo se trouve dans la reconstruction du débit de dose gamma externe, qui contribue fortement (plus de 50%) à la dose totale. En raison du caractère hétérogène des dépôts sur le site de Longgupo, la dose de rayonnement gamma joue un rôle clé sur les résultats finaux, et cela nous conduira dans le futur à revisiter le site afin de déterminer ce paramètre plus précisément. Enfin, l'étude du site de Donggutuo montre la grande difficulté de la datation des sites anciens de plein air, les échantillons de dents ayant pu subir des lessivages d'uranium qui ne peuvent pas être déterminés par le paramètre de diffusion du modèle ESR-US et rendent le calcul de l'âge impossible avec ce modèle. Bien que ces défis demeurent pour la datation des échantillons anciens fossiles par la méthode combinée ESR / U-Th, cette étude démontre la faisabilité de son application sur la datation des sites chinois du début du Pléistocène. Les résultats de cette étude placent chronologiquement le site de Longgupo entre 1,3 et 1,7 Ma, faisant de ce dernier la plus ancienne preuve de présence humaine dans le sud de la ChineThe study of late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene archaeological sites in East Asia can help to solve the question of when hominins first left Africa and how they might have settled in Asia. Some earliest hominin evidences in China were not generally accepted mainly due to chronological uncertainty, since most of them are beyond the classic radioisotopic dating range and lack of volcanic materials for K-Ar and Ar-Ar dating. Combined ESR/U-series dating could solve this problem, as its application on fossil tooth has a potential to date the sites older than 1 Ma, depending however on the accuracy of reconstructing uranium uptake history. An U-diffusion parameter p should be defined for each dental tissue and the obtained US-ESR model age is less uncertain than the conventional EU (early uptake) and LU (linear uptake) ESR model ages. In this work, combined ESR and U-series dating method of fossil tooth has been attempted to date two Early Pleistocene sites of China, Longgupo and Donggutuo. This study shows that this combined method provides the availability of dating the old archaeological sites, but some challenges also bring forward. One of the main problems for both sites is the paleodose determination. Comparison analysis shows that double saturation exponential fitting has systematically less deviation with the experimental dose points than the conventional single saturation exponential fitting. Besides, another difficulty of dating Longgupo site lies on the reconstruction of external gamma dose rate, which takes a great contribution (more than 50%) to the total dose rate. Since the inhomogeneous character of the deposition on Longgupo site, the in situ gamma dose rate plays a key role on the final results, and this lead us to revisit the site in order to make a more precise and detailed measurement. Lastly, the study of Donggutuo site shows the most challenge of dating the ancient open sites: uranium leaching of the tooth sample, which cannot be solved by one diffusion parameter US-ESR model and makes the age calculation impossible with this model. Although the challenges of dating the old fossil samples with combined ESR/U-series methods, this study presents a probability of its application on dating Chinese early Pleistocene sites and the result of this study places the age of Longgupo site between 1. 3 and 1. 7 Ma. With respect to the techniques development of the stone artifacts unearthed from the site, Longgupo is still the earliest evidence of human settlement in southern China
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Mayer, Germano Gastal. "A translation of João Domingos Bomtempo's piano method: a Portuguese contribution to piano pedagogy." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5810.
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This essay offers an English translation of Elementos de Musica e Methodo de Tocar Piano Forte (Elements of Music and Method of Playing the Piano-Forte), op. 19, by the Portuguese composer-pianist João Domingos Bomtempo (1775-1842). His method, the first of its kind written by a Portuguese national, was published in 1816 by Clementi & Co. in London. Bomtempo later rewrote his book, expanding its scope, but the second version survives only as an unfinished manuscript. My translation presents both versions of this instructional work in a single text, distinguishing the contents according to the two sources, with the aim of providing a comprehensive view of Bomtempo’s piano pedagogy. This is the first English translation of Bomtempo’s method. A short biography and critical notes regarding philological and musicological matters clarify ambiguities and contextualize this work within its historical period.
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Reneau, Cecil E. "Vocational education's potential contribution to the future development of Belize : a delphi study /." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-163256/.
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Smith, Susan Anne. "Modelling complex decision-making : contribution towards the development of a decision support aid." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343349.
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Good, J. R. P. "Discovering a method for analysis and development of teachers' guides' contribution to lesson content." Thesis, University of Essex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268737.
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Vana, Alexandru. "Contribution à la détermination des possibilités d'application du « comparative management » dans le domaine du développement technologique." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPL027N.
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Le sujet de notre thèse se trouve à la frontière entre le management du Transfert Technologique (T. T. ) et le management interculturel en considérant surtout la version
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Edwards, John Paul. "Developing a "Theology in the Order of Discovery": The Method and Contribution of James Alison." Thesis, Boston College, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:104161.
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Thesis advisor: Brian D. RobinetteThis dissertation seeks to develop the theological method operative within James Alison's growing theological corpus, which he describes concisely as a "theology in the order of the discovery." I will argue that the value and contribution of his method lies in the careful and consistent attention that he pays to the ongoing, reciprocal relationship that exists between persons' experiences of receiving faith (that is, experiences of conversion) and persons' attempts to understand the content of that faith through a process of self-reflexive appropriation of it (that is, through engagement in the activity of theological reflection). In the introductory chapter, after defining the key terms of the project, I situate my investigation into Alison's method within the context of several twentieth and twenty-first century Christian theological movements: experiential/transcendental theology, dialectical theology, narrative or postliberal theology, and a theology of proclamation. These comparisons allow for an initial articulation of the characteristics of what I will present increasingly more explicitly throughout the dissertation as Alison's "inductive" theology. Part I of the dissertation, consisting of chapter two, presents the mimetic anthropology of René Girard as the primary intellectual influence on Alison's conception of theology. It considers Girard's gradual development of the terminology that he has employed to express his deepening understanding of the operation of mimetic desire, rivalry, and conversion in order to show that Girard's attempt to develop "a Gospel anthropology" requires a systematic theological perspective to give it greater coherence. With this context in place, Part II proceeds with my study of Alison's theological method. Chapter three develops Alison's implicit understanding of one movement in the reciprocal relationship between the experience of conversion and the activity of theological reflection, namely, the movement from conversion to theological reflection, and it presents theology as a fruit of conversion. The primary aim of the chapter is to show that Alison's view of the New Testament accounts of the resurrection appearances leads him to begin to understand the reciprocal relationship between conversion and theology that has guided his theological performance throughout his career. Chapter four develops Alison's implicit view of the reciprocal movement from theological expression to the potential conversion experiences of others, that is, it presents theology as an occasion for conversion. It draws out Alison's implicit understanding of theology as an act of witness which can provide an occasion for the Spirit of Christ to make the crucified and risen Christ present both to the one giving witness and to those that receive that witness. I conclude in chapter five by demonstrating Alison's inductive theological approach as it is operative in several excerpts from his writings. I then begin to demonstrate the fruitfulness of Alison's inductive method by exploring how this method might contribute to three theological and ministerial questions in need of renewed consideration
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2015
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Theology
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Lu, Xiaoshan. "Contribution to the integration of supervisory control theory in a model-based system engineering method." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI072.
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La Théorie du Contrôle par Supervision (TCS) est l’un des paradigmes formels les plus importants pour le développement de contrôleurs dans le cadre de l’étude des systèmes à événements discrets (SED). Le grand nombre de contributions scientifiques montre que la TCS suscite un intérêt académique considérable et il a été prouvé que cette théorie était applicable dans divers domaines industriels tels que les systèmes de fabrication, les systèmes embarqués ou les systèmes de transport. Avec cette théorie, les exigences qui sont traditionnellement vérifiées postérieurement à la conception du contrôleur sont utilisées comme données d’entrées à la génération de ce contrôleur, qui est alors juste par construction. La conséquence immédiate est que l’étape de vérification n’a plus lieu d’être, ce qui élimine aussi tous les cycles de reconception et de vérification nécessaires à la mise au point du système. Cependant, cette théorie souffre d’un manque d’intégration dans un processus global de conception dans lequel les exigences initiales sur le système à concevoir sont utilisées pour définir d’une part les exigences sur ses sous-systèmes et d’autre part les contrôleurs locaux associés. L’ingénierie dirigée par les modèles (IDM) fournit les solutions permettant de gérer les limitations de SCT. L’objectif de cette étude est de proposer un nouveau cadre pour la conception des contrôleurs, qui intègre à la fois TCS et IDM afin de combler les lacunes du paradigme formel et du processus d’ingénierie. Dans le cadre proposé, différents diagrammes SysML sont utilisés en tant que modèles complémentaires présentant les vues indispensables du système à étudier dans le processus de modélisation globale. De plus, afin de maintenir la cohérence entre les modèles SysML et les modèles formels, des méthodes de modélisation et de vérification formelles sont proposées. Une étude de cas présentée à la fin de la thèse montre que le cadre proposé, qui fournit un processus de développement global allant de l’analyse des besoins à la mise en œuvre du contrôleur, peut parfaitement répondre aux besoins de la pratique de l’ingénierieSupervisory Control Theory (SCT) is one of the most important formal paradigms for developing controllers for Discrete Event Systems (DESs). The large number of scientific contributions shows that SCT catches extensive academic interest and this theory has been proved to be applicable in various industrial domains such as manufacturing systems, embedded systems, transportation systems and energy systems. With SCT, the requirements which are checked afterward in conventional engineering are used as input for generation of the design of the controller the verification of this model can be eliminated. However the SCT suffers from an important lack of integration in a global design process which leads to the gaps between the theoretical development and applications of SCT within engineering practice. The Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE) provides the solutions to deal with the limitations of SCT. The objective of this study is to propose a novel framework for automatic control (AC) which integrates both SCT and MBSE to bridge the gaps formal paradigm and engineering process. In the proposed framework, different SysML diagrams are used to as complementary models which present the indispensible views of the system to be studied in the global modeling process. Secondly, in order to keep the consistency between SysML models and formal models, methods for formal modeling and verification are proposed. A case study introduced at the end prove that the proposed framework which provides a global development process from requirement analysis to controller implementation can well meet the needs of engineering practice
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Penley, Drace Robert. "Multi-Layer Connectivity-Based Atom Contribution Method for Charge Assignments in Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555599813789541.
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Er-Riani, Mustapha. "Contribution à l'étude des équilibres dynamiques de gouttes et masses fluides." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1994_ER_RIANI_M.pdf.
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Dans cette thèse, nous présentons le calcul de la forme d'équilibre de trois problèmes à frontière libre, dont deux portent sur le calcul de la forme d'une goutte. Le troisième concerne le calcul de la forme d'une masse liquide. Dans le premier chapitre, nous présentons une introduction générale de la mécanique analytique des milieux continus. Nous y développons le principe de Hamilton en s'appuyant sur des variations qui font intervenir un groupe de transformations à un paramètre permettant de traiter le cas des problèmes à frontière libre. Le deuxième chapitre est constitué de deux parties, la première traite de la forme et la stabilité d'une goutte d'un liquide, animée d'un mouvement de rotation autour d'un axe fixe et soumise à la tension superficielle, la gravitation n'étant pas prise en compte. La seconde partie traite du calcul de la forme d'une masse liquide soumise à sa propre gravitation, la tension superficielle est négligée. Dans le chapitre III, nous calculons la forme de l'interface d'une goutte de gaz ou de liquide immergée dans un fluide de vitesse uniforme en écoulement potentiel. Pour les trois cas, nous appliquons une méthode de perturbation de domaine, et nous utilisons des logiciels de calcul formel permettant de déterminer les coefficients des séries de fonctions associées aux grandeurs intervenant dans le problème. Ensuite, nous déterminons les singularités de la forme de la goutte en appliquant des procédés d'accélération de la convergence
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Asmani, Mohamed. "Contribution à l'étude de l'interaction des ultrasons avec les milieux biologiques." Valenciennes, 1994. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/f95e1d1f-7e98-47bc-8b7e-ba9d4907a113.
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Ce travail s'inscrit dans un but de caractérisation et de quantification des propriétés physiques et chimiques de la matière vivante et de ses constituants. Les objectifs recherches sont de deux ordres: une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes d'interaction des ondes ultrasonores avec les milieux biologiques, qui sont parmi les plus complexes; le développement de méthodes ultrasonores permettant de mesurer des propriétés physico-chimiques des milieux biologiques. Le choix des glucides comme modèle moléculaire pour étudier l'interaction ultrasons-milieux biologiques réside dans le fait que ces molécules sont d'une importance fondamentale dans la composition des structures vivantes au même titre que les protéines et les lipides. De plus, elles forment un groupe comprenant des isomères et des polymères plus ou moins complexes. L’influence de la structure moléculaire est accessible en examinant l'atténuation, la vitesse et les effets non linéaires. L’analyse de ces divers paramètres est menée dans une gamme de fréquence ultrasonore située entre 50 et 200 mhz, par une technique acousto-optique.
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Cheret, Philippe. "Contribution au développement du test métalloimmunologique : application aux antidépresseurs tricycliques." Dijon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987DIJOS028.
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Limousin, Philippe. "Contribution à la scénarisation pédagogique d’exercices de crise." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEM033/document.
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Les crises naturelles ou anthropiques récentes montrent la nécessité de former les gestionnaires de crises à réagir rapidement, sous stress et dans une position d’inconfort. Ce mémoire traite de la scénarisation des exercices de crise pour des exercices pratiques (fonctionnels, grandeur réelle et sur simulateur) impliquant une cellule de crise stratégique. L’état de l’art des méthodes de scénarisation a montré des lacunes dans l’accompagnement des scénaristes pour créer des scénarios pédagogiques et représentatifs d’une crise. Fort de ce constat, les travaux de recherche se sont orientés sur l’élaboration d’une méthode permettant de solliciter les compétences de gestion de crise à travers les scénarios d’exercices de crise. Pour reproduire la dynamique d’une crise dans les scénarios créés, une grille de lecture basée sur des caractéristiques spécifiques aux situations de crise et liée aux types de stimuli injectables dans un scénario a été appliquée à six crises passées. Parallèlement, l’étude des compétences des gestionnaires de crise a permis de créer une base de données d’objectifs de formation couplée aux stimuli.In fine, la méthodologie développe une démarche pas à pas permettant au scénariste de créer et positionner dans le scénario les stimuli nécessaires à la sollicitation des compétences à mobiliser pour différents profils de participants.Les scénarios sont ensuite vérifiés à travers des critères validant la scénarisation effectuée et le caractère pédagogique du scénario.La méthode de scénarisation a été testée pour un exercice fonctionnel et appliquée par plusieurs catégories de scénaristes qui ont validé son caractère opérationnelRecent major crises show the necessity to train crisis managers to react quickly, under stress and in an uncomfortable position. This thesis deals with the scripting of crisis exercises for practical exercises (functional, large scale and simulator) involving strategic crisis cell. The art state of scriptwriting methods has shown shortcomings in accompanying scriptwriters to create pedagogical scenarios representative of a crisis. This work leads to the creation of a method that calls crisis management skills through crisis exercise scenarios. On the basis of this analysis, research has oriented on developing a method to solicit crisis management skills through crisis scenarios. To reproduce the crisis dynamic in created scenarios, a reading grid based on specific characteristics of crisis situations and related to the types of injectable stimuli in a scenario has been applied to six past crises. At the same time, the study of crisis managers skills allow us to create a database of training objectives coupled with stimuli.Finally, the methodology develops a step-by-step approach. It creates and situates the stimuli in the scenario. This original approach inserts these stimuli to solicit needed skills for several profiles of participants.Then, the scenarios are verified using criteria that validate the scriptwriting and the pedagogical nature of the scenario.The scriptwriting method was tested through a functional exercise and applied by several categories of scriptwriters (novice or crisis management experts) which validated its operational nature
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Herschell, Amy D. "Managing disruptive behavior in elementary classrooms relative contribution of time-out when added to a whole-class token economy /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=924.
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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains [vi], 101 p. : ill. (some col.) Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 54-64).
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Kowalski, Tina Helen Parkin. "The contribution of social support to employee psychological well-being : an exploratory mixed-methods case study." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28681.
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Stress and mental health issues are now the most common cause of workplace absence. Increasing evidence points to the need for organisations to take steps to enhance well-being at work for employees. Social support has been identified as one key factor affecting employee psychological well-being, however, the definition and conceptualisation of the term continues to be debated. To date, research examining the relationship between social support and well-being at work tends to be predominantly quantitative and to prioritise work-based sources of support above other sources of support. Few workplace interventions aimed at improving employee well-being appear to have a specific focus on enhancing social support. This thesis presents findings from a mixed-methods case study of a large, public sector organisation in Scotland. The study had four phases: an online survey (n=158), semi-structured interviews (n=31), a diary phase (n=11) and a final interview (n=11). Higher levels of social support were associated with a higher level of psychological well-being. Findings highlighted the importance of various work and non-work based sources of social support, such as peer support and support from friends, and various dimensions of support too, such as ‘distant vs. proximal’ support. Potential negative effects of social support were also identified, for example, when perceived as interfering. Women reported higher levels of support and of positive mental well-being than did men. Interview and diary data revealed a range of contextual, organisational and individual factors that affected both access to and availability of social support, and the relationship between social support and employee well-being. Recent organisational changes appeared to be particularly influential. Employee opinion regarding existing organisational well-being initiatives varied on the basis of whether the support was formal or informal and in terms of perceived versus received support. Social support was valued highly by respondents with regard to improving employee well-being. Open and honest communication, physical presence of support and familiarity with context-specific knowledge were of particular pertinence. This thesis contributes to knowledge in three ways. Substantively, the importance of examining social support more holistically is highlighted in order to better understand the relationship between social support and employee well-being. Methodologically, this mixed methods approach proved fruitful in generating a richness and depth of data largely untapped by previous, predominantly quantitative, studies. Finally, the findings have practical implications for HR personnel and policy makers as they offer an insight into the contribution of various sources and dimensions of social support to employee well-being, as understood by employees.
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Debonne, Pascal. "Contribution à l'informatisation de l'analyse dynamomètrique du geste sportif." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2352.
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Sloma, Przemyslaw. "Contribution to the weak convergence of empirical copula process : contribution to the stochastic claims reserving in general insurance." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066563/document.
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Dans la première partie de la thèse, nous nous intéressons à la convergence faible du processus empirique pondéré des copules. Nous fournissons la condition suffisante pour que cette convergence ait lieu vers un processus Gaussien limite. Nos résultats sont obtenus dans un espace de Banach L^p. Nous donnons des applications statistiques de ces résultats aux tests d'adéquation (tests of goodness of fit) pour les copules. Une attention spéciale est portée aux tests basées sur des statistiques de type Cramér-von Mises.Dans un second temps, nous étudions le problème de provisionnement stochastique pour une compagnie d'assurance non-vie. Les méthodes stochastiques sont utilisées afin d'évaluer la variabilité des réserves. Le point de départ pour cette thèse est une incohérence entre les méthodes utilisées en pratique et celles publiées dans la littérature. Pour remédier à cela, nous présentons un outil général de provisionnement stochastique à horizon ultime (Chapitre 3) et à un an (Chapitre 4), basé sur la méthode Chain LadderThe aim of this thesis is twofold. First, we concentrate on the study of weak convergence of weighted empirical copula processes. We provide sufficient conditions for this convergence to hold to a limiting Gaussian process. Our results are obtained in the framework of convergence in the Banach space $L^{p}$ ($1\leq p <\infty $). Statistical applications to goodness of fit (GOF) tests for copulas are given to illustrate these results. We pay special attention to GOF tests based on Cramér-von Mises type statistics. Second, we discuss the problem of stochastic claims reserving in general non-life insurance. Stochastic models are needed in order to assess the variability of the claims reserve. The starting point of this thesis is an observed inconsistency between the approaches used in practice and that suggested in the literature. To fill this gap, we present a general tool for measuring the uncertainty of reserves in the framework of ultimate (Chapter 3) and one-year time horizon (Chapter 4), based on the Chain-Ladder method
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Meznik, Ivan. "On Economic Interpretation of Lagrange Multipliers." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-82883.
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OLIVEIRA, GILBERTO RANGEL DE. "METHOD EVALUATION AND PERCEPTION OF ATTRIBUTES FOR PROJECTS: A CONTRIBUTION TO THE ERGONOMICS OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=21739@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROAs atuais pesquisas em Ergonomia do Ambiente Construído investigam os usuários e sua relação com o ambiente através de métodos específicos com foco na Ergonomia física e na percepção do usuário. Pretende-se nessa pesquisa analisar o Método Constelação de Atributos orientada para a percepção do usuário e a partir desta, propor um novo método. O estudo do método, bem como sua aplicação será exemplificado através de pesquisa realizada utilizando as cozinhas residenciais como aplicação prática da pesquisa. A cozinha é um dos ambientes que mais tem sofrido sensíveis mudanças nos aspectos sociais, econômicos, tecnológicos, ergonômicos, entre outros. Faz-se um resgate histórico desde espaço desde a Idade Média até as atuais cozinhas utilizadas pela sociedade brasileira. Realiza-se uma busca pelas legislações e normas técnicas que definem os espaços de cozinhas em apartamentos multifamiliares, através dos Códigos de Obra e Edificações de seis capitais brasileiras e avalia-se a Norma NBR 14033 que trata de mobiliário de cozinhas residenciais. Durante a realização desta pesquisa avaliou-se o Método Constelação de Atributos sua aplicação e resultados em uma pesquisa aplicada e ainda, em outras duas dissertações de mestrado onde o método também foi utilizado. A partir de análises realizadas propõe-se uma nova metodologia como forma de aprimorar e qualificar os atributos atribuídos a um ambiente construído por parte de especialistas e usuários, fundamentado na metodologia já existente. A nova metodologia é aplicada a um grupo de especialistas e usuários na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Conclui-se o trabalho com a definição detalhada de uma nova metodologia de investigação da percepção do usuário frente ao ambiente construído.
The current research in the Built Environment Ergonomics investigate users and their relation ship to the environment through specific methods with focus on ergonomics physical and perception of the user. It is intended that research examine the existing methodologies for user perception and propose a new method. The target system used in this study are the home kitchens, this environment has been more sensitive to changes in social, economic, technological, ergonomic, and others. It is a historical review from space since the Middle Ages to today s kitchens used by Brazilian society. Held a search for the laws and technical standards that define the spaces of kitchens in apartments multifamily, through the Building Codes Work and in six Brazilian cities and assesses the technical standard NBR 14033 of furniture that comes from home kitchens. During this research evaluated the Constellation Method Attributes its application and results in experimental research and two dissertations where the method was also applied. From the analysis carried out and some pre-tests performed developed a new methodology as a way to enhance and qualify the attributes assigned to an environment built by experts and users. So, we propose a new method based on existing methodology. The new methodology is applied to a group of experts and users in Rio de Janeiro. It is working with the detailed definition of a new methodology for the investigation of perception of the user facing the built environment.
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OLIVEIRA, GILBERTO RANGEL DE. "INTERIOR DESIGN METHOD IN BRAZIL: A CONTRIBUTION OF HUMAN FACTORS AND THE PRINCIPLES OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=31359@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
O método projetual da atividade design de interiores, com enfoque no processo, é o objeto de estudo desta pesquisa. Propõe-se agregar os conhecimentos da ergonomia do ambiente construído a práticas de projeto existentes, a fim de contribuir com o desenvolvimento dessa profissão. A atividade de design de interiores vem sendo exercida no Brasil predominantemente por arquitetos, designers e designers de interiores. Acredita-se que os princípios da ergonomia do ambiente construído podem contribuir com melhorias na elaboração dos projetos desse segmento de criação tridimensional. Nesta pesquisa, faz-se uma revisão das metodologias utilizadas pelos profissionais que exercem a atividade de design de interiores e revisa-se os principais métodos utilizados na ergonomia com foco na análise do usuário e do ambiente. Busca-se compreender através de pesquisa descritiva junto aos profissionais e usuários como ocorre o processo projetual desta atividade, abordando-se todas as etapas do trabalho. As revisões das metodologias existentes, os resultados encontrados nas inquirições e as análises realizadas, servirão de aporte para um método projetual que contemple, além das etapas naturais do projeto de interiores, aspectos da ergonomia do ambiente construído.
The method of interior design project in Brazil is the object of study of this research. Proposes to add the human factors in environmental design knowledge to existing design practices in order to contribute to the development of this profession. Mainly architects, designers and interior designers have practiced the interior design activity. It is believed that the principles of the human factors in environmental design can contribute to improvements in the preparation of projects. In this research, it is a review of the methodologies used by the professionals engaged in the interior design activity and is reviewed, the main methods used in ergonomics focusing on user analysis and in the environment. The aim is to verify through qualitative research with professionals and users, as in the design process of this activity, approaching all stages of the work. Revisions of existing methodologies, the results found in inquiries and analyzes, will serve as input for a proposed schematic modeling covering beyond the natural stages of the interior design project, ergonomic aspects of the human factors in environmental design.
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Reis, Vanessa Alexandra Teixeira. "Contribution for assessment of arsenic accumulation and development of a speciation method in an algae production process." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22705.
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Mestrado em BiotecnologiaO crescente aumento no interesse de consumo de algas marinhas devido aos respetivos benefícios nutricionais, tem realçado a preocupação com a saúde humana devido à eventual presença de contaminantes e substâncias indesejáveis, nomeadamente o arsénio (As). O presente trabalho reporta o estudo da bioacumulação de arsénio por macroalgas (Fucus vesiculosus, Ulva rigida, Porphyra dioica e Gracilaria sp.) cultivadas de forma sustentável num sistema de aquacultura multi-trófica integrada (IMTA) operado pela empresa, ALGAplus, Lda. O interesse pela determinação de As inorgânico (iAs), arsenito e arsenato, nos alimentos é regido pelo conhecimento dos seus efeitos tóxicos em seres humanos, mesmo em baixas concentrações. Tornou-se assim importante a contribuição deste estudo para o desenvolvimento de um método de especiação de baixo custo (HPLC-HG-AFS), capaz de detetar e quantificar a presença de iAs nas macroalgas cultivadas pela ALGAplus, Lda. Os resultados evidenciaram que a maior acumulação de As ocorre no inverno presumivelmente devido à baixa taxa de crescimento das espécies, causando um aumento na concentração de As. Os resultados mostraram também que o aumento da acumulação de As seguiu a seguinte ordem: algas castanhas> algas vermelhas> algas verdes, sugerindo que as diferenças na concentração de As podem resultar das diferentes ordens taxonómicas. A metodologia analítica HPLC-HG-AFS demonstrou ser eficiente e adequada para o processo de especiação revelando ser uma possível alternativa aos métodos de elevado custo. As baixas concentrações de arsenito e arsenato obtidas nos estudos de especiação, evidenciaram, tomando como base a legislação francesa, que a ingestão das macroalgas cultivadas na ALGAplus, Lda não é tóxica para humanos.
The increasing interest in edible macroalgae due to its nutritional benefits, has promoted the research about harmful contaminants and other unwanted substances, such as arsenic (As). The present work reports the study of the bioaccumulation of As by macroalgae (Fucus vesiculosus, Ulva rigida, Porphyra dioica and Gracilaria sp.) produced on a sustainable integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system, operated by ALGAplus, Lda. The interest in the determination of inorganic As (iAs), arsenite and arsenate, in food is governed by the knowledge of its toxic effects on humans, even at low concentrations. Thus, the development of a relatively inexpensive speciation method (HPLC-HG-AFS), reported in this study, contributed to an improvement in detection and quantification of the presence of iAs in macroalgae cultivated by ALGAplus, Lda. The results highlighted that the highest accumulation of As occurs in winter, presumably due to the low growth rate of the species, causing an increase in As concentration. The increase in As accumulation in macroalgae showed the following order: brown> red> green; suggesting that the differences in the concentration of As is the result of the different taxonomic orders. HPLC-HG-AFS has proved to be efficient and fit for purpose in this study of speciation, thus becoming a possible alternative to high costly methods. The low concentrations of iAs obtained during speciation, revealed, based on French legislation, that the ingestion of macroalgae produced in ALGAplus, Lda is not toxic to humans.
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Novotná, Eva. "Oceňování nemovitých kulturních památek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377500.
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Valuation of immovable cultural monuments is the current topic when cultural heritage is being restored. With its individual character based on the nature of cultural monuments, it is not easy to put forward a uniform award procedure for all cultural monuments. This work aims to create a basic overview of concepts and definitions dealing with issues related to cultural monument, to define the procedure of proclaiming the object as a cultural monument and to focus on valuation procedures with an emphasis on the contribution method.
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Sutter, Eliane. "Contribution a l'etude de la reactivite de la surface du titane en solution acide." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13131.
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Lyons, Renee' C. "Contribution as Method: A Book Talk for Foreign-Born American Patriots: Sixteen Volunteer Leaders in the Revolutionary War." Digital Commons@Georgia Southern, 2014. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/cssc/2014/2014/10.
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Constituting a proposal for a book talk associated with the scholarly title Foreign-Born American Patriots: Sixteen Volunteer Leaders of the Revolutionary War, the presenter of this session (and author of the book) will introduce the scholarly work to participants for the purpose of highlighting research based in contribution, rather than interpretation. The author will detail the means by which the investigation of human experience and work product, storylines/patterns, and social cause may provide the context for creative scholarly works. The author will also reveal the unique contribution of Foreign Born American Patriots to historical and Southern Studies discourse, the book serving, up through the date of this proposal, as the only collective work regarding those foreigners who helped the newly formed United States defeat the British Army (many battles fought in the Southern States).
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Lyons, Renee. "Contribution as Method: A Book Talk for Foreign-Born American Patriots: Sixteen Volunteer Leaders in the Revolutionary War." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5348.
Full textAbstract:
Constituting a proposal for a book talk associated with the scholarly title Foreign-Born American Patriots: Sixteen Volunteer Leaders of the Revolutionary War, the presenter of this session (and author of the book) will introduce the scholarly work to participants for the purpose of highlighting research based in contribution, rather than interpretation. The author will detail the means by which the investigation of human experience and work product, storylines/patterns, and social cause may provide the context for creative scholarly works. The author will also reveal the unique contribution of Foreign Born American Patriots to historical and Southern Studies discourse, the book serving, up through the date of this proposal, as the only collective work regarding those foreigners who helped the newly formed United States defeat the British Army (many battles fought in the Southern States).
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Poinas, Philippe. "Contribution a la modelisation numerique et a l'etude experimentale du champ thermique stationnaire 3d au sein d'un microcomposant electronique." Nantes, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NANT2007.
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Etude de la fiabilite d'un composant electronique par une simulation thermique tridimensionnelle en situation reelle. Elle est basee sur une modelisation numerique. La concordance entre les temperatures theoriques et experimentales se revele tres satisfaisante
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Le, Bohec Mickaël. "Contribution du rayonnement au confort thermique et aux économies d'énergie dans l'habitat." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESMA0029/document.
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Pour réduire la consommation énergétique des bâtiments, les systèmes de chauffage agissant par rayonnement semblent particulièrement intéressants puisqu'ils ne nécessitent pas de chauffer l'air de la pièce pour que leur action soit perçue (moins d'énergie dépensée et moins de déperditions) et qu'jls permettent une meilleure réactivité au mode de vie des utilisateurs. De plus, des expériences réalisées au MIT ont montré que nous préférons un air frais et des murs chauds plutôt que le contraire, ce qui milite en paveur du chauffage par rayonnement. L'objectif de ce travail est de développer un outil permettant de paire le lien entre le rayonnement échangé entre un occupant et son environnement et le confort qu'il exprime vis-a- vis de celui-ci. L'étude des transferts radiatifs dans l'habitat peut se ramener a la résolution de l'équation des radiosités. Celle-ci nécessite l'évaluation de couplages géométriques entre les éléments de la scène appelés facteurs de forme. Leur obtention est particulièrement ardue, notamment lorsqu'il s'agit de tenir compte d'éventuelles obstructions. Une comparaison des méthodes numériques disponibles pour cela est proposée. Outre l'évaluation de ces facteurs, le système a résoudre est très lourd, puisque chaque surface interagit, le plus souvent, avec toutes les autres et que le nombre de nœuds mis en jeu dans la description d'une scène complexe est important. Nous présentons une méthode de résolution qui raffine le maillage d'une scène tout en construisant simultanément une représentation a différentes échelles des facteurs de forme entre ses éléments, dans le but de ne pas calculer tous les échanges a la résolution la plus fine. Elle permet ainsi de réduire considérablement le temps de calcul et rend son utilisation possible en bureau d'étude.une fois que les transferts radiatifs entre un individu, la source de chauffage et différents éléments de l'environnement sont connus, le modèle de confort de Fanger est mis en oeuvre pour déterminer si les configurations envisagées sont confortables ou non, au regard des normes en vigueur dans le bâtiment. Ainsi, nous avons pu déterminer quels types d'appareils de chauffage sont les plus susceptibles d'apporter du confort, dans diverses situations, et sans accroitre la puissance consomméeIn order to reduce building's energy consumption, radiant heater seems particularly attractives because they didn't require to heat the air of the room to be perceived (less energy spent and less losses), and because they provide a better reactivity to users life rythmes. Moreover, experiences of the MIT showed that we prefer a fresh ai with warm wall rather than the opposite. The goal of the work is to develop a tool to study the link between the radiant energy exchange by an occupant with his environment and the thermal comfort express under some hypothesis, radiative beat transfers can be idealized by the radiosity equation. This one needs the evaluation of geometrics couplings between the elements of the scene called form factors or view factors. It's generally hard to get them, especially when there are obstructions. A comparison of existing numerical methods is proposed. beyond the evaluation of those factors, the algebraic system is heavy to solve because each surface interact, usually, with all the others and because the number of nodes required for the description of a complexe scene is important. We present a resolution method which refine the mesh of the scene while constructing a multi scale representation of form factors between its elements, in order to don't have to compute all the transfers at the finest resolution. This drastically reduce the computation time and allow to use this method in a industrial development process.When the radiative transfers between the occupant, heaters and differents elements of the environment are known, the thermal comfort model of fanger is used to determine if the considered env!ronments are confortable or not, according to international standards. This way, we could find which type of heaters are the most subject to provide thermal comfort without increasing energy consumption
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Moura, Nícolas Rodrigues. "Contribution to the study of the effect of three-dimensional stress states to slope stability analysis." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8904.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Análises de estabilidade de taludes são predominantemente realizadas em duas-dimensões (2D) por métodos de equilíbrio limite. Os métodos convencionais de equilíbrio limite são alvos de muitas críticas pelo o uso do equilíbrio estático, pressuposições de forças na análise e por possuir o mesmo fator de segurança ao longo de toda a superfície de deslizamento. Para superar essas deficiências, o método proposto por Kulhawy (1969) incorpora o comportamento tensão-deformação do solo com tensões oriundas do Método de Elementos Finitos (FEM) e tem a mesma estrutura dos métodos de equilíbrio dos métodos de equilíbrio de equilíbrio limite clássicos. É também chamado de método aperfeiçoado. Devido à existência de taludes com geometrias complexas, a abordagem tridimensional (3D) é a única capaz de incorporar todos os aspectos geométricos do problema. Esta dissertação é dividida em dois artigos com o tema de estabilidade de taludes pelo o método de Kulhawy em abordagens 2D e 3D. O objetivo primário dessa dissertação é avaliar os principais fatores que influenciam a estabilidade de taludes. O primeiro artigo propôs geometrias variando de convexo a côncavo em um conjunto de propriedades típicas de solos. Duas trajetórias de geração de tensões in- situ foram utilizadas, i.e., construção e escavação. O método GLE foi calculado para fins de comparação. A superfície de deslizamento é muito dependente do histórico de tensão e da forma da face do talude. A diferença relativa no estado de tensões inicial típico alcançou 15% nas análises 2D e 34% nas análises 3D. A análise de sensibilidade do efeito do Poisson no fator de segurança mostrou-se muito relevante. A relação entre os fatores de segurança 2D e 3D são quase lineares independente do estado de tensões, das propriedades de resistência, formato da face do talude, na ordem de 30 a 40%. O segundo artigo propõe análises em barragens construídas em vales estreitos. Três abordagens de análises foram utilizadas: redução de resistência ao cisalhamento (SSR), métodos de Kulhawy e GLE. Condições típicas de fundações são muito variáveis como topografia e deformabilidade. A análise de sensibilidade do módulo de fundação de Young no fator de segurança foi insignificante em 2D e relevantes em 3D. A relação entre o comprimento do aterro (W) e a altura () é uma variável representativa do grau de estreitamento da barragem e na estabilidade de taludes. A análise de deformações planas tende a altas relações W/H e o oposto mostra elevados efeitos 3D. A inclinação da ombreira mostrou-se relevante no fator de segurança apenas em aterros em vales estreitos. Fundações mais rígidas são mais beneficias para o fator de segurança devido à produção de altos efeitos de arqueamento neste cenário. O método de Kulhawy provou-se ser vantajoso pela a incorporação do comportamento mecânico do solo, o uso de tensões mais realísticas nas análises e avaliação da estabilidade local na superfície de deslizamento. Isso aumenta a quantidade de informações úteis e confiáveis para o profissional de engenharia no projeto de taludes. Todas as análises foram realizadas usando o software SoilVision Systems, Saskatchewan, Canadá. Os módulos utilizados foram o SVLOPE, SVSOLID e o SVFLUX (SoilVision Systems Ltd., 2018). A análise de tensão para a simulação de trajetórias de escavação e construção utilizou do solucionador de Equações Diferenciais Parcias (PDE) o FlexPDE 6 (PDE Solutions Inc., 2014).
Slope stability analyses are predominantly performed using the two-dimensional (2D) conventional limit equilibrium methods. Conventional limit equilibrium methods are targets of many criticisms for using static equilibrium, assumptions of forces in the analysis and the same factor of safety along the slip surface. In order to overcome these shortcomings, the method proposed by Kulhawy (1969) incorporates the stress-strain behavior of the soil with stresses from the Finite Element Method (FEM) with the same structure as limit equilibrium methods. It is also called enhanced method. Due to the existence of slopes with complex geometries, the three-dimensional (3D) approach is only able to incorporate all the geometric aspects of the problem. This thesis is divided into two papers with the subject of slope stability analyses by the Kulhawy’s method in 2D and 3D approaches. The primary objective of this thesis is to evaluate major factors that influence slope stability. The first paper proposed geometries ranging from convex to concave in a set of soil properties. Two stress paths were considered, i.e., construction and excavation. The GLE method was computed for comparison purposes. The slip surface is very dependent on the stress history and the shape of slope face. The relative difference in typical initial stress state reached 15% in 2D analyses and 34% in 3D analyses. Sensitivity analysis of effect of Poisson’s ratio on factor of safety was very relevant. The relationship between 2D and 3D factors of safety are nearly linear independent of stress state on order of 30 to 40%. The second paper propose analyses on embankment dams built in narrow valleys. Three approaches of slope stability were used: shear strength reduction (SSR), Kulhawy’s and GLE methods. The typical conditions of foundation sites are very variable as topography and deformability. Sensitivity analysis of Young’s modulus of foundation on factor of safety was insignificant in 2D and relevant in 3D analyses. The ratio between embankment length (W) and height (H) was very important on slope stability. The plane strain analysis tends to high W/H ratio and the opposite shows high 3D effects. The inclination of abutment showed to be relevant on factor of safety only in embankments in narrow valleys. Stiffer foundations are beneficial to the factor of safety due producing high arching effects in this scenario. The Kulhawy’s method proved to be advantageous by the incorporation of mechanical behavior of soil, more realistic stress and local stability evaluation on slip surface. It increases the amount of useful and reliable information to the engineering professional in design of slopes. All analyses were performed using SoilVision Systems suite software, Saskatchewan, Canada. The modules used were SVSLOPE, SVSOLID and SVFLUX (SoilVision Systems Ltd., 2018). The stress analysis for the simulation of excavation and construction trajectories used partial differential equation (PDE) solver, FlexPDE 6 (PDE Solutions Inc., 2014).
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Cinkraut, Jakub. "Transfer Path Analysis of a Passenger Car." Thesis, KTH, MWL Marcus Wallenberg Laboratoriet, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-180435.
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Even though there are no regulations on the interior noise level of passenger cars, it is a significant quality aspect both for customers and for car manufacturers. The reduction of many other car noise sources pushed tyre road noise to the forefront.What is more, well known phenomenon of the tyre acoustic cavity resonance (TCR), appearing around 225 Hz, makes the interior noise noticeably worse. Some techniques to mitigate this phenomenon right at the source are discussed in this thesis, however, these has not been adopted by the tyre nor car manufacturers yet.Therefore, there is a desire to minimise at least the transmission of the acoustic or vibration energy from the tyre to the compartment. This is where methods like TPA (Transfer Path Analysis) come into play.In this thesis, two different approaches to TPA are used to investigate transmission of the TCR energy.First, the coherence based road decomposition method is used to determine whether the TCR energy is transmitted by a structure-borne or an air-borne mechanism. The same method serves to identify if the TCR noise comes mainly from the front or the rear suspension.Second, the impedance matrix method was used to determine critical structure-borne transfer paths yielding clear results indicating two critical mounts at the rear suspension which dominate the transfer of vibro-acoustic energy. Subsequent physical modification of the critical mount was tested to verify the results of the transmission study.Moreover, deflection shape analysis of the tyre, rim, front and rear suspension was performed to identify possible amplification effects of the TCR phenomenon.
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Alimami, Moustapha. "Contribution a l'etude de l'endommagement par fatigue des enrobes bitumineux." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066233.
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Etude comparative, avec d'une part caracterisation des enrobes a travers une loi differentielle d'endommagement isotrope simple, avec modelisation par elements finis; d'autre part, procedure experimentale originale pour mesurer l'effet de l'endommagement sur la raideur d'un corps d'epreuve en beton bitumineux soumis a un essai de fatigue par cisaillement
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Labassi, Kamel. "Contribution a la maitrise du dimensionnement des turbines hydrauliques "banki-mitchell"." Paris, ENSAM, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ENAM0005.
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Dimensionnement d'une turbine hydraulique de type banki-mitchell. Etude de l'ecoulement en fluide parfait au travers de la roue. Puissance effective. Hauteur de chute. Application a des micro-centrales hydrauliques
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Cintra, Daniel. "Contribution à l'étude du phénomène d'oscillation argumentaire." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1220/document.
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Contribution à l’étude du phénomène d’oscillation argumentaire. L’oscillateur argumentaire a un mouvement stable périodique, à une fréquence proche de sa fréquence fondamentale, lorsqu’il est soumis à une excitation provenant d’une source de type harmonique, à une fréquence qui est un multiple de ladite fréquence fondamentale, et agissant de manière telle que son interaction avec le système dépende des coordonnées d’espace du système. La présente thèse étudie quelques systèmes argumentaires et essaie de mettre en évidence des relations symboliques entre les paramètres de ces systèmes et leur comportement observé ou calculé. C’est la représentation de Van der Pol qui a été utilisée la plupart du temps pour représenter l’état du système, car elle est bien adaptée à la méthode de centrage, où l'on cherche une solution sous forme d’un signal de type sinusoïdal, d’amplitude et de phase lentement variables. L’originalité de la présente thèse vis-à-vis des publications antérieures est dans la modélisation, plus proche des systèmes physiques réels, dans les développements symboliques qui donnent des représentations inédites, dans le mode de réalisation des expériences, qui utilisent toutes une visualisation de Van der Pol en temps réel, et dans l’objet de l’expérience de la poutre excitée axialement de manière argumentaire. Au cours de cette thèse, des systèmes simples à un DDL ont été modélisés, construits et expérimentés. Des relations symboliques, notamment concernant les probabilités de capture par des attracteurs, ainsi que des critères de stabilité et une solution symbolique approchée, ont été mis en évidence. Un système continu constitué d’une poutre élancée excitée axialement a ensuite été modélisé à l’aide de deux modèles et expérimenté ; toujours dans le domaine symbolique, des propriétés ont été étudiées, notamment concernant des combinaisons de plages de paramètres permettant au phénomène argumentaire d’existerContribution to the study of the argumental oscillation phenomenon. The argumental oscillator has a stable periodic motion at a frequency close to its fundamental frequency when it is subjected to an excitation from a harmonic source at a frequency which is a multiple of said fundamental frequency, and acting in such a way that its interaction with the system depends on the space coordinates of the system. This thesis studies some argumental systems and tries to demonstrate symbolic relations between the parameters of these systems and their observed or calculated behavior. The Van der Pol representation was used most of the time to represent the state of the system, as it is well adapted to the averaging method, where a solution is sought as a signal of sinusoidal type, with slowly varying amplitude and phase. The originality of this thesis with respect to previous publications is in the modeling, closer to real physical systems, in the symbolic developments that give new representations, in the embodiment of the experiments, which all use a real-time Van der Pol visualization, and in the object of the experiment of the beam axially excited in an argumental way. During this thesis, simple systems with one DDL have been modeled, built and tested. Symbolic relationships have been highlighted, in particular with regard to the probabilities of capture by attractors, as well as stability criteria and an approximate symbolic solution. A continuous system consisting of an axially excited slender beam was then modeled using two models, and tested; still in the symbolic domain, properties have been studied, especially concerning combinations of parameter ranges allowing the argumental phenomenon to occur
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Keraï, El-Yazid. "Contribution à l'étude du contrôle de l'attitude d'un satellite artificiel." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DENS0013.
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Dans cette thèse, nous étudions le problème du contrôle (commandabilité et stabilisation) d'un satellite artificiel. En premier lieu, nous présentons un résumé des résultats connus sur la stabilisation des équations de la vitesse angulaire d'un corps rigide. Ensuite, nous montrons la stabilisation, dans un cas critique, des équations de la vitesse angulaire d'un corps rigide avec une seule commande. Il s'agit de la situation ou le corps rigide ne possède aucune symétrie et la commande agit dans une direction perpendiculaire à un axe principal. En second lieu, nous étudions la commandabilité locale en temps petit du système décrivant le mouvement d'un satellite (en vitesse angulaire et en orientation) avec un ou plusieurs couples moteurs. Dans le cas d'un seul couple moteur, nous montrons que le système n'est pas localement commandable. Pour le cas de deux couples moteurs, nous donnons une condition nécessaire et suffisante de commandabilité locale. Comme conséquence et en utilisant un théorème du a Jean-Michel Coron sur la relation entre la commandabilité locale et la stabilisation par un retour d'état régulier instationnaire, le système décrivant l'orientation d'un satellite avec deux commandes est localement asymptotiquement stabilisable a l'aide d'un retour d'état continu instationnaire. Nous construisons, explicitement et dans le cas général, un tel retour d'état
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Whatling, Gemma Marie. "Contribution to the clinical validation of a generic method for the classification of osteoarthritic and non-pathological knee function." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2009. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54813/.
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The Cardiff Dempster-Shafer (DS) classifier is a generic automated technique for analysing motion analysis (MA) data. It can accurately discriminate between level gait characteristics of non-pathological (NP) and osteoarthritic (OA) knee function. It can also quantify and visualise the functional outcome of a total knee replacement (TKR). A number of studies were undertaken to explore and enhance this method. The training set for the classifier was increased by 48% by collecting additional knee function data for level gait. Knee function for nine new patients was classified pre and post-TKR surgery. At 12 months post-TKR, two patients exhibited non-dominant NP knee function. The remaining patients did not recover NP gait. This finding is similar to previous classifications of level gait. To improve the distinction between varying degrees of knee function, stair gait was introduced into the trial. A staircase was designed and validated. Adduction and flexion moments acting about the knee joint and medial component of the ground reaction force were found to be important in the classification of OA and NP knee function from stair gait. Using a combination of these variables the DS classifier was able to characterise OA and NP function for 15 subjects correctly with 100% accuracy, determined using a leave-one-out method of cross validation. The variables were tested to assess the outcome of TKR surgery. The patient assessed recovered NP stair gait post surgery. An image based study was undertaken to investigate the quality of the MA data used in the DS classifier. A step up/down activity for 5 NP and 5 TKR subjects was recorded using non-simultaneous MA and dynamic fluoroscopy. Accurate knee kinematics were computed from the fluoroscopy images using KneeTrack image registration software. MA measured significantly larger knee joint translations and non-sagittal plane rotations. The largest errors in MA derived kinematics were 9.53 for adduction-abduction range of motion (ROM) measured from the NP cohort and 2.63cm compression-distraction ROM of the tibio-femoral joint, measured from the TKR cohort. The generic nature of the DS classifier was tested by its application to distinguish hip function following a lateral (LA) and posterior (PA) approach to total hip arthroplasty. The use of different variables was investigated with the classifier. The best classifier was able to distinguish between NP and LA function with 96.7% accuracy, LA and NP with 86.2% accuracy and between LA and PA with 81.5% accuracy. The PA approach was found to lead to more characteristic NP hip function than LA. These studies show that variables from stair gait should be included in addition to level gait in the classifier. Due to errors when measuring non-sagittal plane rotations using MA, these should be interpreted with caution. The generic nature of the classifier has been proven by its application to another joint, thus answering another orthopaedic question.
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Muller, Yannick. "Coupled thermomechanical fluid-structure interaction in the secondary air system of aircraft engines : contribution to an integrated design method." Valenciennes, 2009. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/94032a6b-3a17-4aaf-b07a-ce560f117b33.
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Dans un turboréacteur, le système d'air secondaire remplit de multiples fonctions. Les flux d'air secondaire contrôlent les températures des matériaux et l'expansion thermale des parties moteurs, en particulier les écartements des joints d'étanchéité. Pour s'assurer de la réalisation des diverses fonctions dès la phase de développement, les différentes propriétés du gaz doivent être correctement prédîtes. Actuellement, les calculs aérodynamiques, livrant les flux les températures et les pressions d'air, sont séparés des calculs thermiques, livrant les températures matériaux. Les interactions dont le traitement nécessite de nombreuses itérations sont ignorées. En effet, un changement de température matériau modifie l'expansion relative des parties moteurs, redéfinissant ainsi l'écartement des joints qui a son tour contrôle les débits d'air. La définition de l'écartement de joint influant de manière importante sur les pertes de charges, un fort effet de couplage est attendu. Le but de l'étude est de prendre en compte ces interactions au sein d'un nouvel outil combinant analyse du système d'air secondaire et calculs thermique et mécaniques. Une série de modules intégrés permet de considérer ces effets dans les cas stationnaires. Un réseau constitue de nodes représentant les chambres connectées par des éléments assimiles a des pertes de charges constitue la base du concept. Utilisant une formulation compatible avec la topologie Elément Finis, le réseau est imbrique dans le modèle Eléments Finis thermomécanique au sein d'un modèle unique et résolu grâce au logiciel CalculiX. Températures, pressions et débits sont calculés basé sur les températures et déformations matériau de l'itération précédente et servent de conditions limites au calcul thermomécanique dans l'itération suivanteIn jet engines, the secondary air system, or SAS, takes care of a variety of important functions. In particular, secondary air flows control material temperatures and thermal expansion of engine parts, especially seal clearances. To check the fulfilment of these functions in the engine design phase, gas properties, temperatures, pressures and mass flow rates, must be accurately predicted. Up to now, the aerodynamic calculations leading to mass-flow rates, fluid pressures and temperatures and the thermal calculations yielding material temperatures are performed separately. A lot of interactions are neglected, the treatment of which would require numerous time consuming iterations. Indeed, material temperature changes lead to a modification of the expansion of the interacting parts yielding significant modifications in the gaps which control mass-flow rates. Since gap width has an important influence on the pressure losses, the interaction between aerodynamic, thermal and solid mechanics solution to the problem is expected to be important. The present investigation aims at taking this interaction into account in a robust analysis tool, combining SAS, thermal and mechanical analysis. An integrated program suite has been created, which allows to calculate these effects steady state. The basic concept is a network consisting of nodes representing the chambers and connected by pressure loss elements. Using a finite-element-compatible formulation, the network is embedded in a thermo-mechanical finite element model of the engine within an unique model and solved using the free software finite element CalculiX. This is done in the form of a module in which the gas pressure temperature and mass-flow are calculated based on the structural temperature and deformation of the previous iteration and serve as boundary conditions to the thermo-mechanical model for the next iteration
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Delpire, Norbert. "Contribution à l'automatisation de la procédure de préparation et d'étude en ultra-vide de couches minces d'alliages." Rouen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ROUES037.
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Description de l'automatisation de la phase de la mise en vide d'un groupe a des pressions de l'ordre de 10**(-9) torr à partir d'un microordinateur et de nombreux circuits d'interface. Extension du projet global d'automatisation pour gérer toutes les phases du processus. Description de l'appareillage de mesures analogique ainsi que son interface avec le microordinateur
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BINANA-LIMBELE. "Contribution a l'etude des amphiphiles en solution aqueuse par les methodes de fluorescence." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13077.
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La technique de fluorescence a ete utilisee pour etudier differents types de solutions aqueuses d'amphiphiles et de polyamphiphiles. Elle permet d'acceder a certains parametres statiques (tels que le nombre moyen d'agregation des tensioactifs dans une micelle, la conformation des polyamphiphiles en solution aqueuse) mais aussi a des parametres sur la dynamique des micelles si celles-ci rentrent en collision
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Dixit, Akash. "Damage modeling and damage detection for structures using a perturbation method." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43575.
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This thesis is about using structural-dynamics based methods to address the existing challenges in the field of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM). Particularly, new structural-dynamics based methods are presented, to model areas of damage, to do damage diagnosis and to estimate and predict the sensitivity of structural vibration properties like natural frequencies to the presence of damage.
Towards these objectives, a general analytical procedure, which yields nth-order expressions governing mode shapes and natural frequencies and for damaged elastic structures such as rods, beams, plates and shells of any shape is presented. Features of the procedure include the following:
1. Rather than modeling the damage as a fictitious elastic element or localized or global change in constitutive properties, it is modeled in a mathematically rigorous manner as a geometric discontinuity.
2. The inertia effect (kinetic energy), which, unlike the stiffness effect (strain energy), of the damage has been neglected by researchers, is included in it.
3. The framework is generic and is applicable to wide variety of engineering structures of different shapes with arbitrary boundary conditions which constitute self adjoint systems and also to a wide variety of damage profiles and even multiple areas of damage.
To illustrate the ability of the procedure to effectively model the damage, it is applied to beams using Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko theories and to plates using Kirchhoff's theory, supported on different types of boundary conditions. Analytical results are compared with experiments using piezoelectric actuators and non-contact Laser-Doppler Vibrometer sensors.
Next, the step of damage diagnosis is approached. Damage diagnosis is done using two methodologies. One, the modes and natural frequencies that are determined are used to formulate analytical expressions for a strain energy based damage index. Two, a new damage detection parameter are identified.
Assuming the damaged structure to be a linear system, the response is expressed as the summation of the responses of the corresponding undamaged structure and the response (negative response) of the damage alone. If the second part of the response is isolated, it forms what can be regarded as the damage signature. The damage signature gives a clear indication of the damage. In this thesis, the existence of the damage signature is investigated when the damaged structure is excited at one of its natural frequencies and therefore it is called ``partial mode contribution". The second damage detection method is based on this new physical parameter as determined using the partial mode contribution. The physical reasoning is verified analytically, thereupon it is verified using finite element models and experiments. The limits of damage size that can be determined using the method are also investigated. There is no requirement of having a baseline data with this damage detection method. Since the partial mode contribution is a local parameter, it is thus very sensitive to the presence of damage. The parameter is also shown to be not affected by noise in the detection ambience.