Academic literature on the topic 'Contributions in concept of analogy'
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Journal articles on the topic "Contributions in concept of analogy"
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McAdams, Daniel A., and Kristin L. Wood. "A Quantitative Similarity Metric for Design-by-Analogy." Journal of Mechanical Design 124, no. 2 (May 16, 2002): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1475317.
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During the design and development of new products, design engineers use many techniques to generate and define new and “good” concepts. Inherent in this search for solutions is the conscious and unconscious reliance on prior experience and knowledge, or design-by-analogy. In this paper, a quantitative metric for design-by-analogy is developed. This metric is based on the functional similarity of products. By using this product-similarity metric, designers are able to formalize and quantify design-by-analogy techniques during concept and layout design. The methods, as developed in this paper, allow a designer with limited experience to develop sophisticated solutions that enhance the overall design of a new product. Also, a designer’s current design-by-analogy vocabulary can be extended beyond his or her immediate experience, providing access and contributions to new domains by discovering different products with common functions. The similarity metric and its application are clarified and validated through a case study. The case study is the original design of a pickup winder.
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Bueno de las Heras, Julio L., Antonio Gutiérrez-Lavín, Manuel María Mahamud-López, Marisol Muñiz-Álvarez, and Patricia Rodríguez-López. "Towards a Unified Model on the Description and Design of Process Operations: Extending the concept of Separation Units to Solid-fluid Sedimentation." Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering) 12, no. 1 (June 25, 2019): 15–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2405520412666181123094540.
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Background: Bridging the gap between different phenomena, mechanisms and levels of description, different design methods can converge in a unitary way of formulation. This protocol consolidates the analogy and parallelism in the description of any unit operation of separation, as is the particular case of sedimentation. This holistic framework is compatible and complementary with other methodologies handled at length, and tries to contribute to the integration of some imaginative and useful - but marginal, heuristic or rustic- procedures for the design of settlers and thickeners, within well founded and unified methodology. Objective: Classical models for hindered sedimentation allow solid flux in the direction of the gravity field to be formulated by analogy to changes obeying a potential, such as molecular transfer in the direction of the gradient and chemical transformation throughout the reaction coordinate. This article justifies the fundamentals of such a suggestive generalized analogy through the definition of the time of the sedimentation unit (TSU), the effective surface area of a sedimentation unit (ASU) and the number of sedimentation units (NSU), as elements of a sizing equation. Methods: This article also introduces the generalization of the model ab initio: Analogy is a well known and efficient tool, not only in the interpretation of events with academic or coaching purposes, but also in the generalized modelling, prospective, innovation, analysis and synthesis of technological processes. Chemical Engineering protocols for the basic dimensioning of Unit Operations driven by potentials (momentum, heat and mass transfer chemical reaction) are founded in macroscopic balances of mass and energy. Results: These balances, emphatically called “design equations”, result from the integration of mechanistic differential formulations at the microscopic level of description (“equations of variation”). In its turn, these equations include phenomenological terms that may be formulated in corpuscular terms in the field of Chemical Physics. The design equation correlates requirements in equipment (e.g. any practical forms of size and residence or elapsed time for an efficient interaction) to the objectives of the operation (e.g. variations in mass or energy contents of a confined or fluent system). This formulation allows the identification of different contributions: intrinsic terms (related to mechanistic kinetics of the phenomena) and circumstantial terms (related to conditions and variables of operation). Conclusion: In fact, this model suggests that temporal or spatial dimensions of the equipment may be assumed to depend irrespectively on two design contributions: the entity of a representative “unit of operation (or process)” - illustrated by a descriptor of this dimension- and the “number of (these) units” needed to achieve the separating or transformative objectives of the operation.
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de Szoeke, Roland A., and Scott R. Springer. "The Materiality and Neutrality of Neutral Density and Orthobaric Density." Journal of Physical Oceanography 39, no. 8 (August 1, 2009): 1779–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jpo4042.1.
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Abstract The materiality and neutrality of neutral density and several forms of orthobaric density are calculated and compared using a simple idealization of the warm-sphere water mass properties of the Atlantic Ocean. Materiality is the value of the material derivative, expressed as a quasi-vertical velocity, following the motion of each of the variables: zero materiality denotes perfect conservation. Neutrality is the difference between the dip in the isopleth surfaces of the respective variables and the dip in the neutral planes. The materiality and neutrality of the neutral density of a water sample are composed of contributions from the following: (I) how closely the sample’s temperature and salinity lie in relation to the local reference θ–S relation, (II) the spatial variation of the reference θ–S relation, (III) the neutrality of the underlying reference neutral density surfaces, and (IV) irreversible exchanges of heat and salinity. Type II contributions dominate but have been neglected in previous assessments of neutral density properties. The materiality and neutrality of surfaces of simple orthobaric density, defined using a spatially uniform θ–S relation, have contributions analogous to types I and IV, but lack any of types II or III. Extending the concept of orthobaric density to permit spatial variation of the θ–S relation diminishes the type I contributions, but the effect is counterbalanced by the emergence of type II contributions. Discrete analogs of extended orthobaric density, based on regionally averaged θ–S relations matched at interregional boundaries, reveal a close analogy between the extended orthobaric density and the practical neutral density. Neutral density is not superior, even to simple orthobaric density, in terms of materiality or neutrality.
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McLelland, Nicola. "Justus Georgius Schottelius (1612–1676) and European Linguistic Thought." Historiographia Linguistica 37, no. 1-2 (May 21, 2010): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.37.1-2.01mcl.
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Summary This article re-evaluates the significance of the 17th-century grammarian Justus Georgius Schottelius (1612–1676) not just for German linguistic thought (where the importance of his cultural-patriotic Spracharbeit and his contribution to grammatography and lexicography is undisputed), but also in Europe more widely. Contributing to the complex story of the rootword in European linguistic thought, it also demonstrates how the notion of grammatical analogy which Schottelius took from Vossius was applied, through his influence, in grammars of Dutch, Danish, Swedish and Russian, and how his development of the humanist cultural-patriotic concept of the rootword influenced debates on the origin of language, and European studies of the Semitic and even Sanskrit languages.
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Heinisch, Barbara. "Knowledge Translation and Its Interrelation with Usability and Accessibility. Biocultural Diversity Translated by Means of Technology and Language—The Case of Citizen Science Contributing to the Sustainable Development Goals." Sustainability 13, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010054.
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Translation plays an important role in all areas of human activity. Despite its primary role of overcoming language barriers, it is used as an analogy for activities that require transfer, mediation, or negotiation of meaning. Knowledge translation is a concept that links knowledge to action, which is also at the heart of citizen science. Several studies have highlighted the ways in which citizen science can contribute to the definition, monitoring and implementation of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Although these studies emphasized the importance of data contributions for SDG reporting and monitoring purposes, this paper applies the concept of knowledge translation to citizen science for achieving the SDGs based on the conceptual framework provided by translation studies. Knowledge translation, citizen science, and the SDGs have their focus on actions and negotiations in common. Citizen science can, thus, be regarded as a mediator between science and the SDGs or a mediator between the public and policymakers. Exemplified by biocultural diversity, this paper analyzes the application of knowledge translation to the SDGs in and through citizen science. Citizen science guided by the SDGs requires different forms of knowledge ((and) translation) that are usable, accessible, and meaningful.
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Rahkonen, Timo, and Janne P. Aikio. "Analyzing distortion contributions in a complex device model." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 33, no. 4 (July 1, 2014): 1264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-11-2012-0354.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a method to reduce the non-linear distortion of a transistor to its input and output ports to aid distortion contribution analysis (DCA). This is especially needed when the internal structure of a device model is complex. Design/methodology/approach – The non-linear distortion generated by all non-linear sources inside a device model are reduced to transistor i/o ports by LMSE fitting techniques. Simulations of an LDMOS power transistor are used to compare the reduced distortion results with the actual non-linear sources. Findings – It is shown, that device models where the current sources are split by intermediate nodes cause superficial results, when distortion contributions are calculated as a superposition of contributions from individual non-linear sources. The proposed iterative fitting technique works. Research limitations/implications – Some non-quasistatic effects and the transfer functions from external terminals to internal controlling nodes are not covered. Practical implications – The analysis is a step toward a generic non-linear distortion contribution simulation tool that would aid the designers to develop more linear analog circuits. Originality/value – The concept of DCA itself is fairly new. This paper makes a step to represent the distortion sources in a canonical way.
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Henríquez Garrido, Ruy J. "The Ontological Concept of Disease and the Clinical Empiricism of Thomas Sydenham." Kairos. Journal of Philosophy & Science 22, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kjps-2019-0013.
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Abstract The clinical empiricism of Thomas Sydenham (1624–1689) and his definition of especie morbosae represented a substantial turn in the medicine of his time. This turn supposed the shift towards an ontological conception of diseases, from a qualitative to quantitative interpretation. Sydenham’s clinical proposal had a great influence on empiricism philosophical thinking, particularly in John Locke and his delimitation of knowledge. The dialogue between medicine and philosophy, set out by Sydenham-Locke, reactivates the problem of the clinical and theoretical foundations of medical thought, as well as the limits of scientific knowledge. Similar to problem exposed in the Hippocratic treatise On ancient medicine, seventeenth-century medicine seeks its epistemological foundations and the solution to its difficulties in clinical experience, probability and analogy. The aim of this work is to show the Sydenham’s contribution to one of the great controversies between medicine and philosophy.
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Mendonça, Carlos A. "The face‐current concept and its application to survey design in electrical exploration." GEOPHYSICS 68, no. 3 (May 2003): 900–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1581042.
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This paper presents a new method to identify the regions over a 3D geoelectrical structure that produce major contributions to the electrical potential established in response to a dc source at the ground surface. The measured potential is represented by a sum of a known primary potential (due to a homogeneous half space) plus an unknown potential caused by conductivity inhomogeneities. Because the primary potential is continuous everywhere, the interfaces with a conductivity contrast act as sources or sinks of currents in order to maintain the continuity of the current density related to the primary flux. These disturbing face currents are responsible for the generation of the secondary potential, and mapping them over a given structure allows us to assess the regions where the secondary potential is generated. In general, the face currents vanish away from the source according to the decay of the primary electric field. For this reason, deeper investigations can be expected when using pole sources because its primary field decays with the inverse of the squared distance, instead of the cubed distance as for dipole sources. For thin sheets, the polarization decay with distance is one order higher than that for large 3D bodies, which makes the detection of a sheet yet more difficult. The quantification of the total face current over the structure for different positions along a profile helps one choose the proper electrode array and determine its optimum length. This is done in two steps: (1) identification of the offset where the dc source provides the highest polarization (face current) on the targeted structure, and (2) determination of the array length by locating the potential electrodes closest to the region with the highest polarization. This second criterion came from an analogy between the face‐current and artificial current sources, where it is intuitively seen that the resulting potential is highest close to the source. The proposed survey design technique is applied to three models commonly used in electrical exploration: a shallow conductive heterogeneity, a buried contact, and a thin conductive sheet.
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Bueno, Arthur. "The psychic life of freedom: Social pathology and its symptoms." Filozofija i drustvo 28, no. 3 (2017): 475–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid1703475b.
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This paper discusses the relationship between Axel Honneth?s intersubjective theory of recognition and his political theory of democratic ethical life by addressing the potentials and difficulties attached to the notion of social pathology. Taking into account the diverse uses of this concept throughout Honneth?s oeuvre, it focuses initially on two of its formulations: first, the more recent discussions presented in ?The Diseases of Society?, some of which can be read in continuity with arguments presented in Freedom?s Right; second, an implicit conception of social pathology that can be found in Struggle for Recognition. These formulations involve contrastingly different premises with regard to phenomenological, methodological, social-ontological and etiological matters. I argue that such differences can be better grasped if one bears in mind two distinctive ways of understanding the fundamental intuition at the basis of the notion of social pathology: either as an analogy or as a homology. By disclosing the actual or potential discrepancies between both conceptions, the aim is to outline the grounds on which they could be brought together within the framework of a comprehensive concept. With this purpose, I then critically examine a third conception of social pathology which was first presented in Suffering from Indeterminacy and later developed, with some restrictions, in Freedom?s Right. Finally, a definition of social pathology is suggested which can bring together the different contributions of each conception while avoiding their pitfalls.
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Haslam, Richard. "REVISITING THE “IRISH DIMENSION” IN OSCAR WILDE'STHE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY." Victorian Literature and Culture 42, no. 2 (March 10, 2014): 267–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150313000405.
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The concept of “The Irish Wilde”achieved considerable prominence during the 1990s, due to the advocacy and scholarship of Davis Coakley, Owen Dudley Edwards, Declan Kiberd, Jerusha McCormack, Richard Pine, and David Upchurch, among others. However, as the decade drew to a close, the scholarly calibration of distinctively Irish elements in Wilde's literary works began to become a matter of dispute. In his 2000 survey of emerging trends, Ian Small listed “The Irish Wilde,” along with “The Gay Wilde” and “Wilde & Consumerism,” as significant “recent paradigms” (Recent38, 37-78). Nonetheless, he cautioned that such thematic pigeonholes as Irishness and gayness may “rely upon highly selective details of the life which in turn are used to instruct us in how to read the works” (7). Small's wariness resurfaced in his judgment that some contributions in McCormack's anthologyWilde the Irishman“are highly speculative and seem to strain to make connections,” so that “the ‘Irish dimension’ (for the want of a better term) seems rather gratuitously tacked on” (67). These reservations about methodology were subsequently echoed by Bruce Bashford, who critiqued the strategy of “reasoning by analogy” employed by Kiberd and Pine in their attempts to Hibernicize Wilde's works (617).
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Contributions in concept of analogy"
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Gray, Brett. "Relational models of feature based concept formation, theory-based concept formation and analogical retrieval/mapping /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17450.pdf.
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Yilmazoglu, Candan. "Effect Of Analogy-enhanced Instruction Accompanied With Concept Maps On Understanding Of Acid-base Concept." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605247/index.pdf.
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This study was conducted to explore the effectiveness of analogy-enhanced instruction accompanied with concept maps over traditionally designed chemistry introduction on understanding of acid-base concept and attitude toward chemistry as a school subject.
81 8th grade students from two classes of a chemistry course taught by the same teacher in Nuh Eskiyapan Primary School in Ankara in 2003-2004 fall semesters were enrolled in the study.
There were two groups of students. During the treatment, students in the control group were instructed only with traditionally designed instruction. Students in the experimental group studied with the analogy-enhanced instruction accompanied with concept maps through teacher lecture. Both groups were administered Acid-Base Chemistry Achievement Test and Attitude Scale toward Chemistry as a School Subject as pre-tests and post-tests. Logical Thinking Ability Test was given to both groups at the beginning of the study to determine students&rsquological thinking ability levels. Research data were analyzed by using (SPSS 12.0) ANCOVA and t-test. As a result of the research, it was obviously seen that analogy-enhanced instruction accompanied with concept maps caused a significantly better acquisition of scientific conception related to acid-base and produced significantly higher positive attitudes toward chemistry as a school subject than the traditionally designed chemistry instruction.
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Azzeh, Mohammad Y. A. "Analogy-based software project effort estimation : contributions to projects similarity measurement, attribute selection and attribute weighting algorithms for analogy-based effort estimation." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4442.
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Software effort estimation by analogy is a viable alternative method to other estimation techniques, and in many cases, researchers found it outperformed other estimation methods in terms of accuracy and practitioners' acceptance. However, the overall performance of analogy based estimation depends on two major factors: similarity measure and attribute selection & weighting. Current similarity measures such as nearest neighborhood techniques have been criticized that have some inadequacies related to attributes relevancy, noise and uncertainty in addition to the problem of using categorical attributes. This research focuses on improving the efficiency and flexibility of analogy-based estimation to overcome the abovementioned inadequacies. Particularly, this thesis proposes two new approaches to model and handle uncertainty in similarity measurement method and most importantly to reflect the structure of dataset on similarity measurement using Fuzzy modeling based Fuzzy C-means algorithm. The first proposed approach called Fuzzy Grey Relational Analysis method employs combined techniques of Fuzzy set theory and Grey Relational Analysis to improve local and global similarity measure and tolerate imprecision associated with using different data types (Continuous and Categorical). The second proposed approach presents the use of Fuzzy numbers and its concepts to develop a practical yet efficient approach to support analogy-based systems especially at early phase of software development. Specifically, we propose a new similarity measure and adaptation technique based on Fuzzy numbers. We also propose a new attribute subset selection algorithm and attribute weighting technique based on the hypothesis of analogy-based estimation that assumes projects that are similar in terms of attribute value are also similar in terms of effort values, using row-wise Kendall rank correlation between similarity matrix based project effort values and similarity matrix based project attribute values. A literature review of related software engineering studies revealed that the existing attribute selection techniques (such as brute-force, heuristic algorithms) are restricted to the choice of performance indicators such as (Mean of Magnitude Relative Error and Prediction Performance Indicator) and computationally far more intensive. The proposed algorithms provide sound statistical basis and justification for their procedures. The performance figures of the proposed approaches have been evaluated using real industrial datasets. Results and conclusions from a series of comparative studies with conventional estimation by analogy approach using the available datasets are presented. The studies were also carried out to statistically investigate the significant differences between predictions generated by our approaches and those generated by the most popular techniques such as: conventional analogy estimation, neural network and stepwise regression. The results and conclusions indicate that the two proposed approaches have potential to deliver comparable, if not better, accuracy than the compared techniques. The results also found that Grey Relational Analysis tolerates the uncertainty associated with using different data types. As well as the original contributions within the thesis, a number of directions for further research are presented. Most chapters in this thesis have been disseminated in international journals and highly refereed conference proceedings.
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Liu, Ningning. "Contributions to generic and affective visual concept recognition." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECDL0038.
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Cette thèse de doctorat est consacrée à la reconnaissance de concepts visuels (VCR pour "Visual Concept Recognition"). En raison des nombreuses difficultés qui la caractérisent, cette tâche est toujours considérée comme l’une des plus difficiles en vision par ordinateur et reconnaissance de formes. Dans ce contexte, nous avons proposé plusieurs contributions, particulièrement dans le cadre d’une approche de reconnaissance multimodale combinant efficacement les informations visuelles et textuelles. Tout d’abord, nous avons étudié différents types de descripteurs visuels de bas-niveau sémantique pour la tâche de VCR incluant des descripteurs de couleur, de texture et de forme. Plus précisément, nous pensons que chaque concept nécessite différents descripteurs pour le caractériser efficacement pour permettre sa reconnaissance automatique. Ainsi, nous avons évalué l’efficacité de diverses représentations visuelles, non seulement globales comme la couleur, la texture et la forme, mais également locales telles que SIFT, Color SIFT, HOG, DAISY, LBP et Color LBP. Afin de faciliter le franchissement du fossé sémantique entre les descripteurs bas-niveau et les concepts de haut niveau sémantique, et particulièrement ceux relatifs aux émotions, nous avons proposé des descripteurs visuels de niveau intermédiaire basés sur l’harmonie visuelle et le dynamisme exprimés dans les images. De plus, nous avons utilisé une décomposition spatiale pyramidale des images pour capturer l’information locale et spatiale lors de la construction des descripteurs d’harmonie et de dynamisme. Par ailleurs, nous avons également proposé une nouvelle représentation reposant sur les histogrammes de couleur HSV en utilisant un modèle d’attention visuelle pour identifier les régions d’intérêt dans les images. Ensuite, nous avons proposé un nouveau descripteur textuel dédié au problème de VCR. En effet, la plupart des photos publiées sur des sites de partage en ligne (Flickr, Facebook, ...) sont accompagnées d’une description textuelle sous la forme de mots-clés ou de légende. Ces descriptions constituent une riche source d’information sur la sémantique contenue dans les images et il semble donc particulièrement intéressant de les considérer dans un système de VCR. Ainsi, nous avons élaboré des descripteurs HTC ("Histograms of Textual Concepts") pour capturer les liens sémantiques entre les concepts. L’idée générale derrière HTC est de représenter un document textuel comme un histogramme de concepts textuels selon un dictionnaire (ou vocabulaire), pour lequel chaque valeur associée à un concept est l’accumulation de la contribution de chaque mot du texte pour ce concept, en fonction d’une mesure de distance sémantique. Plusieurs variantes de HTC ont été proposées qui se sont révélées être très efficaces pour la tâche de VCR. Inspirés par la démarche de l’analyse cepstrale de la parole, nous avons également développé Cepstral HTC pour capturer à la fois l’information de fréquence d’occurrence des mots (comme TF-IDF) et les liens sémantiques entre concepts fournis par HTC à partir des mots-clés associés aux images. Enfin, nous avons élaboré une méthode de fusion (SWLF pour "Selective Weighted Later Fusion") afin de combiner efficacement différentes sources d’information pour le problème de VCR. Cette approche de fusion est conçue pour sélectionner les meilleurs descripteurs et pondérer leur contribution pour chaque concept à reconnaître. SWLF s’est révélé être particulièrement efficace pour fusion des modalités visuelles et textuelles, par rapport à des schémas de fusion standards. [...]This Ph.D thesis is dedicated to visual concept recognition (VCR). Due to many realistic difficulties, it is still considered to be one of the most challenging problems in computer vision and pattern recognition. In this context, we have proposed some innovative contributions for the task of VCR, particularly in building multimodal approaches that efficiently combine visual and textual information. Firstly, we have proposed semantic features for VCR and have investigated the efficiency of different types of low-level visual features for VCR including color, texture and shape. Specifically, we believe that different concepts require different features to efficiently characterize them for the recognition. Therefore, we have investigated in the context of VCR various visual representations, not only global features including color, shape and texture, but also the state-of-the-art local visual descriptors such as SIFT, Color SIFT, HOG, DAISY, LBP, Color LBP. To help bridging the semantic gap between low-level visual features and high level semantic concepts, and particularly those related to emotions and feelings, we have proposed mid-level visual features based on the visual harmony and dynamism semantics using Itten’s color theory and psychological interpretations. Moreover, we have employed a spatial pyramid strategy to capture the spatial information when building our mid-level features harmony and dynamism. We have also proposed a new representation of color HSV histograms by employing a visual attention model to identify the regions of interest in images. Secondly, we have proposed a novel textual feature designed for VCR. Indeed, most of online-shared photos provide textual descriptions in the form of tags or legends. In fact, these textual descriptions are a rich source of semantic information on visual data that is interesting to consider for the purpose of VCR or multimedia information retrieval. We propose the Histograms of Textual Concepts (HTC) to capture the semantic relatedness of concepts. The general idea behind HTC is to represent a text document as a histogram of textual concepts towards a vocabulary or dictionary, whereas its value is the accumulation of the contribution of each word within the text document toward the underlying concept according to a predefined semantic similarity measure. Several variants of HTC have been proposed that revealed to be very efficient for VCR. Inspired by the Cepstral speech analysis process, we have also developed Cepstral HTC to capture both term frequency-based information (like TF-IDF) and the relatedness of semantic concepts in the sparse image tags, which overcomes the HTC’s shortcoming of ignoring term frequency-based information. Thirdly, we have proposed a fusion scheme to combine different sources of Later Fusion, (SWLF) is designed to select the best features and to weight their scores for each concept to be recognized. SWLF proves particularly efficient for fusing visual and textual modalities in comparison with some other standard fusion schemes. While a late fusion at score level is reputed as a simple and effective way to fuse features of different nature for machine-learning problems, the proposed SWLF builds on two simple insights. First, the score delivered by a feature type should be weighted by its intrinsic quality for the classification problem at hand. Second, in a multi-label scenario where several visual concepts may be assigned to an image, different visual concepts may require different features which best recognize them. In addition to SWLF, we also propose a novel combination approach based on Dempster-Shafer’s evidence theory, whose interesting properties allow fusing different ambiguous sources of information for visual affective recognition. [...]
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Tankha, Vijay. "The analogy between virtue and crafts in Plato's early dialogues /." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74591.
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This thesis investigates Plato's analogy between virtue and crafts, a comparison made extensively in the early dialogues. I first detail the model of technical knowledge that Plato uses as a paradigm of knowledge. An application of this model shows the inadequacies in some claims to know or to teach virtue. Applying the model to the Socratic dictum, 'Virtue is knowledge' enables us to understand what such knowledge is about. Such knowledge is identified as 'self-knowledge' and is the product of philosophy. Philosophy is thus revealed as the craft of virtue, directed at the good of individuals. One problematic aspect of the analogy between virtue and crafts is the possibility of misuse. Virtue conceived as self-knowledge enables Plato to explain both why such a craft cannot be misused and why it alone can be the basis for benefiting others.
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Unver, Emel. "Analysis Of Analogy Use On Function Concept In The Ninth Grade Mathematics Textbook And Classrooms." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611356/index.pdf.
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ABSTRACT
ANALYSIS OF ANALOGY USE ON FUNCTION CONCEPT IN THE NINTH GRADE MATHEMATICS TEXTBOOK AND CLASSROOMS
Ünver, Emel M.S., Department of Secondary Science and Mathematics Education Supervisor: Assoc.Prof. Dr Behiye UBUZ December 2009, 64 pages The primary objective of the current study was to examine how analogies are used on function concept in the ninth grade mathematics textbook and classrooms. Using qualitative research procedure comprising textbook analysis and classroom observations, a picture was developed of how analogies used on function concept in ninth grade mathematics textbook and classrooms. One mathematics textbook, the primary source for observed classes was selected and analyzed for the study. Chapter entitled as &ldquo
functions&rdquo
in the selected textbook was closely examined for use of analogies therein. Subtitles of the chapter used in the analysis were identified according to the subtitles taught in observed classes. Moreover, the data were obtained from the observation of two teachers&rsquo
9th grade mathematics clasess during the 7-week data collection period. Totally, twenty-five lessons were videorecorded. Having determined which comparisons would be counted as analogies, each of the textbook and classroom analogies was classified according to an analogy classification framework including eight criteria, modified from that of Thiele and Treagust&rsquo
s (1994). Analysis of the textbook suggested that all the analogies were enriched and functional, majority of them presented in both verbal and pictorial formats, most of them were advance organizers or post-synthesizers and some of them were embedded activators. However, none of them was explained completely and contained any limitations. On the other side, analysis of classroom analogies revealed that nearly all the analogies were functional, enriched or extended presented verbally as embedded activators, and all of them explained absolutely without any stated limitations.
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Kaminski, Jennifer Ann. "The effects of concreteness on learning, transfer, and representation of mathematical concepts." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1155223799.
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Crowley, Julianne Kathleen. "Analogies constructed by students in a selective high school." Curtin University of Technology, Science and Mathematics Education Centre, 2002. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=13465.
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Research in science education over the past 20 years has emphasized the importance of active cognition in conceptual development. Students formulate knowledge within language constructions constrained by culture and social construction and relate to their own purposes using speech and writing. Many students in high school do not recognize the use of analogy in the development of science theory and concepts. By focusing on the constructed nature of science and analogy this thesis aimed to determine the capacity of high ability students to engage their own thinking and so have a powerful tool with which to deconstruct and reconstruct their scientific understandings. This thesis focused on the use of analogy in a Year 7 electricity unit and a Year 9 geology unit and used examination questions, quizzes, diary entries and interviews to determine the role of analogies in learning. The specific research questions asked were: Can high ability students create their own analogies?, What role do analogies play in learning?, and How do analogies help students in concept development? The thesis found that analogies are powerful tools in supporting student conceptual development. They allow students to link from their existing framework to new understandings and visual analogs were the most effective in supporting learning. The students move to new understandings may not happen within the teaching time but could occur several months after the introduction of the analogy.High ability students are able to recognize and construct their own analogies; however, many students have difficulty deconstructing analogies on their own. The content of the student created analogies seemed to be associated with activities involving reflection and reflection time emerged as a critical component of the learning process. The role of analogies in providing a focus for discussion with peers, teachers and parents so that ideas could be thought about, tested and clarified was found to be one of their important functions in supporting learning.
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Ma, Junheng. "Contributions to Numerical Formal Concept Analysis, Bayesian Predictive Inference and Sample Size Determination." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1285341426.
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LATOUR, JANKOWIAK DALIDA. "L'histoire du concept d'antiquité en France (XVe-XIXe siècles) : les contributions de l'histoire juridique et littéraire à l'émergence d'un concept périodologique." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100110.
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Entendue communement aujourd'hui comme la periode historique s'etendant du ive millenaire avant l'ere chretienne au ve siecle apres j. -c. , l'antiquite comme concept prend naissance dans le milieu humaniste des la seconde moitie du xive siecle en italie, puis dans le reste de l'europe aux xve et xvie siecles. L'antiquite est d'abord une idee, forgee par l'interpretation humaniste et renaissante dela culture greco-romaine, et represente alors le temps mythique de la perfection originelle. De cette conception, issue pour une large part des acquis juridiques lies aux redecouvertes successives du prestigieux heritage du droit romain, etait ne un moyen age, ere intermediaire comprise comme decadence culturelle, que la renaissance cloturait precisement en reinventant les valeurs greco-romaines antiques. Cette vision tripartite du temps de l'histoire posait les fondements intellectuels de la periodisation en antiquite. Moyen age, temps modernes. Au cours des xviiie et xixe siecles, l'essor de l'archeologie historique mais aussi prehistorique fait eclater le cadre classique de l'antiquite jusque-la circonscrite a rome et athenes, et assure son passage d'un temps mythique a un temps historique. Les decouvertes de pompei, herculanum ou troie, ainsi que les progres graduels de la connaissance des civilisations egyptienne et mesopotamienne determinent la conscience d'un temps de l'histoire remontant largement au-dela de la grece et meme au-dela de l'histoire, en forgeant un temps de la prehistoire, distingue du precedent par le critere culturel de l'ecriture. A ce titre, la configuration contemporaine du concept periodologique d'antiquite est la traduction scientifique et didactique des mutations epistemologiques successives qui affecterent les temps anciens de l'histoire, et que refletent et consacrent tant la science de l'histoire du droit que les manuels scolaires republicains des dernieres decennies du xixe siecle, 'siecle de l'histoire', et du debut du xxe siecle.
Books on the topic "Contributions in concept of analogy"
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Pini, Giorgio. Scoto e l'analogia: Logica e metafisica nei commenti aristotelici. Pisa: Scuola Normale Superiore, 2002.
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Fleinert-Jensen, Flemming. Analogi og teologi: En historisk-dogmatisk undersøgelse af analogibegrebets teologiske anvendelse. København: G.E.C. Gads Forlag, 1987.
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Faggiotto, Pietro. La metafisica kantiana della analogia: Ricerche e discussioni. Trento: Verifiche, 1996.
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Talking about God: The concept of analogy and the problem of religious language. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate Pub. Ltd., 2009.
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Guérin, Michel. L' affectivité de la pensée ; suivi de Le concept kantien de l'analogie. Arles: Actes sud, 1993.
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Polidori, Fabio. Necessità di una illusione: Lettura di Nietzsche. Milano: A. Guerini, 1995.
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Balaban, Oded. Plato and Protagoras: Truth and relativism in ancient Greek philosophy. Lanham, Md: Lexington Books, 1999.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Contributions in concept of analogy"
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Hopkins, Burt C. "Heidegger’s Concept of Phenomenology." In Contributions to Phenomenology, 82–102. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8145-5_6.
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Baumgärtner, Stefan. "The concept of joint production." In Contributions to Economics, 157–84. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57658-4_9.
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Deutsch, Eliot. "The Concept of the Body." In Contributions to Phenomenology, 93–109. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1612-1_7.
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Greenwood, R. N. "The Machine and the Therapy Concept." In Contributions to Nephrology, 27–34. Basel: KARGER, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000333624.
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Tinga, Kees, and Egon Verbraak. "Solidarity: An indispensable concept in social security1." In Contributions to Economics, 254–69. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57676-8_13.
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Matthes, Rainer, and Michael Schröder. "Portfolio Analysis Based on the Shortfall Concept." In Contributions to Economics, 147–60. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58272-1_9.
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Lau, Kwok-Ying. "Patočka’s Concept of Europe: An Intercultural Consideration." In Contributions To Phenomenology, 229–44. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9124-6_18.
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Rabanaque, Luis Román. "Percept, Concept, and the Stratification of Ideality." In Contributions To Phenomenology, 71–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9286-1_5.
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Cao, Shunqing. "Major Contributions of Analogy Study and Its Deficiencies." In The Variation Theory of Comparative Literature, 63–100. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34277-6_2.
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Tetzlaff, Ulrich A. W. "A concept for the design process." In Contributions to Management Science, 22–26. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-50317-7_5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Contributions in concept of analogy"
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Alt, Raphael, Justus Malzahn, Hubertus Murrenhoff, and Katharina Schmitz. "A Survey of Industrial Internet of Things in the Field of Fluid Power: Basic Concept and Requirements for Plug-and-Produce." In BATH/ASME 2018 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2018-8833.
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Driving aspects in the developments of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) are based on markets demanding a highly flexible production on the one hand and, on the other hand, by the production industry looking for new business models. This is enabled by interconnecting intelligent devices and aggregating and analyzing huge amounts of data. In the section of field devices, targeted new developments are dealing with intelligent systems which support users in each stage of the product life cycle. During installation and commissioning of a new machine, the concept of Plug-and-Produce has been created in the production industry. It is relating to the analogy of Plug-and-Play in the field of information technology which makes it possible to recognize and use devices without additional effort across several platforms. Industrial production systems differ in some aspects from Plug-and-Play computer devices that these methods are not applicable without adjustments and more advanced considerations. Solutions to support the commissioning process are scope of this contribution and analyzed theoretically by the example of the integration of an electro-hydraulic actuator. Two results are highlighted in this contribution. Different IIoT related concepts and technologies (i.e. OPC-UA, Cyber-physical systems, semantics) are presented and merged to realize Plug-and-Produce as an holistic business process. Furthermore, the draft combines the domain of fluid power with the abstract and generalized concepts and models and gives an understanding of future requirements for fluid power field devices in the context of IIoT.
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Kreituss, Ilmars, and Lucija Rutka. "AN ANALOGY CONCEPT IN UNIVERSITY EDUCATION. CASE OF CROWDFUNDING PLATFORMS." In 10th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2018.1538.
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Marshall, K. Scott, Richard Crawford, Matthew Green, and Daniel Jensen. "Analogy Seeded Mind-Maps: Testing of a New Design-by-Analogy Tool." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35323.
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Recent research has investigated methods based on design-by-analogy meant to enhance concept generation. This paper presents Analogy Seeded Mind-Maps, a new method to prompt generation of analogous solution principles drawn from multiple analogical domains. The method was evaluated in two separate design studies using senior engineering students. The method begins with identifying a primary functional design requirement such as “eject part.” We used this functional requirement “seed” to generate a WordTree of grammatically analogical words for each design team. We randomly selected a set of words from each WordTree list with varying lexical “distances” from the seed word, and used them to populate the first-level nodes of a mind-map, with the functional requirement seed as the central hub. Design team members first used the word list to individually generate solutions and then performed team concept generation using the analogically seeded mind-map. Quantity and uniqueness of the resulting verbal solution principles were evaluated. The solution principles were further analyzed to determine if the lexical “distance” from the seed word had an effect on the evaluated design metrics. The results of this study show Analogy Seeded Mind-Maps to be useful tool in generating analogous solutions for engineering design problems.
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Kasagi, Nobuhide, Yosuke Hasegawa, Koji Fukagata, and Kaoru Iwamoto. "Control of Turbulent Transport: Less Friction and More Heat Transfer." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-23344.
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Because of the importance of fundamental knowledge on turbulent heat transfer for further decreasing entropy production and improving efficiency in various thermo-fluid systems, we revisit a classical issue whether enhancing heat transfer is possible with skin friction reduced or at least not increased as much as heat transfer. The answer that numerous previous studies suggest is quite pessimistic because the analogy concept of momentum and heat transport holds well in a wide range of flows. Nevertheless, the recent progress in analyzing turbulence mechanics and designing turbulence control offers a chance to develop a scheme for dissimilar momentum and heat transport. By reexamining the governing equations and boundary conditions for convective heat transfer, the basic strategies for achieving dissimilar control in turbulent flow is generally classified into two groups, i.e., one for the averaged quantities and the other for the turbulent fluctuating components. As a result, two different approaches are discussed presently. First, under three typical heating conditions, the contribution of turbulent transport to wall friction and heat transfer is mathematically formulated, and it is shown that the difference in how the local turbulent transport of momentum and that of heat contribute to the friction and heat transfer coefficients is a key to answer whether the dissimilar control is feasible. Such control is likely to be achieved when the weight distributions for the stress and flux in the derived relationships are different. Secondly, we introduce a more general methodology, i.e., the optimal control theory. The Fre´chet differentials obtained clearly show that the responses of velocity and scalar fields to a given control input are quite different due to the fact that the velocity is a divergence-free vector while the temperature is a conservative scalar. By exploiting this inherent difference, the dissimilar control can be achieved even in flows where the averaged momentum and heat transport equations have the same form.
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Goble, G. G., Fred Moses, and Richard Snyder. "Pile Design and Installation Specification Based on Load-Factor Concept." In Contributions in Honor of George G. Gobel. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40743(142)26.
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Abdu, Aliyu Muhammad, Musa Mohd Mokji, and Usman Ullah Sheikh. "An Automatic Plant Disease Symptom Segmentation Concept Based on Pathological Analogy." In 2019 IEEE 10th Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium (ICSGRC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsgrc.2019.8837076.
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Rannow, Michael B., Haink C. Tu, Perry Y. Li, and Thomas R. Chase. "Software Enabled Variable Displacement Pumps: Experimental Studies." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14973.
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The majority of hydraulic systems are controlled using a metering valve or the use of variable displacement pumps. Metering valve control is compact and has a high control bandwidth, but it is energy inefficient due to throttling losses. Variable displacement pumps are far more efficient as the pump only produces the required flow, but comes with the cost of additional bulk, sluggish response, and added cost. In a previous paper [1], a hydromechanical analog of an electronic switch-mode power supply was proposed to create the functional equivalent of a variable displacement pump. This approach combines a fixed displacement pump with a pulse-width-modulated (PWM) on/off valve, a check valve, and an accumulator. The effective pump displacement can be varied by adjusting the PWM duty ratio. Since on/off valves exhibit low loss when fully open or fully closed, the proposed system is potentially more energy efficient than metering valve control, while achieving this efficiency without many of the shortcomings of traditional variable displacement pumps. The system also allows for a host of programmable features that can be implemented via control of the PWM duty ratio. This paper presents initial experimental validation of the concept as well as an investigation of the system efficiency. The experimental apparatus was built using available off-the-shelf components and uses a linear proportional spindle valve as the PWM valve. Experimental results confirm that the proposed approach can achieve variable control function more efficiently than a valve controlled system, and that by increasing the PWM frequency and adding closed-loop control can decrease system response times and of the output ripple magnitude. Sources of inefficiency and their contributions are also investigated via modeling, simulation and are validated by experiments. These indicate design parameters for improving inefficiency.
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Barbot, Nelly, Laurent Miclet, and Henri Prade. "Analogy Between Concepts (Extended Abstract)." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/698.
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Analogical proportions are statements of the form “x is to y as z is to t”, where x, y, z, t are items of the same nature, or not. In this paper, we more particularly consider “relational proportions” of the form “object A has the same relationship with attribute a as object B with attribute b”. We provide a formal definition for relational proportions, and investigate how they can be extracted from a formal context, in the setting of formal concept analysis.
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Dhuliya, Anshuman, and Uma Shanker Tiwary. "An associative classifier based on the concept of analogy and human learning." In 2013 International Conference on Multimedia, Signal Processing and Communication Technologies (IMPACT). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mspct.2013.6782140.
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Lukin, K. A. "Contributions to the electromagnetic theory by Henning F. Harmuth and one analogy in the history of electrodynamics." In 2008 4th International Conference on Ultrawideband and Ultrashort Impulse Signals (UWBUSIS). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/uwbus.2008.4669437.
Full textReports on the topic "Contributions in concept of analogy"
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Stjernberg, Mats, Hjördís Rut Sigurjónsdóttir, and Mari Wøien Meijer. Unlocking the potential of silver economy in the Nordic Region. Nordregio, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/r2021:7.1403-2503.
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This report focuses on the concept of the silver economy, which has emerged as a response to population ageing in Europe in recent years. The silver economy refers to all economic activities linked to older age groups. The concept is based on the notion that many older people continue to make valuable economic and societal contributions after retirement, and that older citizens can provide significant economic and societal benefits, particularly if they are healthy and active. This report examines policies and initiatives to promote the silver economy and the closely related concepts of healthy ageing, active ageing and age-friendliness. The report seeks to uncover what are the preconditions for expanding the Nordic silver economy, and how cross-border collaboration can help enhance the potential of the silver economy in border regions.
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Lenhardt, Amanda. Local Knowledge and Participation in the Covid-19 Response. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/cc.2021.005.
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This report explores approaches to participation in humanitarian response and evidence on the contributions of community engagement in effective response and recovery efforts.It begins with a brief overview of decolonial perspectives on the Covid-19 pandemic to situate participation in the wider context and history of humanitarian and development theory and practice. This is followed by a brief summary of evidence on the role of participation in humanitarian activities andsituates the now ubiquitous concept of ‘Building Back Better’ (BBB) inthe discussion of participatory crisis response and recovery. The remaining sections of the report introduce participatory approaches that have been applied through the Covid-19 pandemic: decentralised decision-making, technological adaptations to engage local communities, and Southern-led research and participatory research methods.
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Phuong, Vu Tan, Nguyen Van Truong, and Do Trong Hoan. Commune-level institutional arrangements and monitoring framework for integrated tree-based landscape management. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21024.pdf.
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Governance is a difficult task in the context of achieving landscape multifunctionality owing to the multiplicity of stakeholders, institutions, scale and ecosystem services: the ‘many-multiple’ (Cockburn et al 2018). Governing and managing the physical landscape and the actors in the landscape requires intensive knowledge and good planning systems. Land-use planning is a powerful instrument in landscape governance because it directly guides how actors will intervene in the physical landscape (land use) to gain commonly desired value. It is essential for sustaining rural landscapes and improving the livelihoods of rural communities (Bourgoin and Castella 2011, Bourgoin et al 2012, Rydin 1998), ensuring landscape multifunctionality (Nelson et al 2009, Reyers et al 2012) and enhancing efficiency in carbon sequestration, in particular (Bourgoin et al 2013, Cathcart et al 2007). It is also considered critical to the successful implementation of land-based climate mitigation, such as under Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), because the Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector is included in the mitigation contributions of nearly 90 percent of countries in Sub-Saharan and Southern Asia countries and in the Latin American and Caribbean regions (FAO 2016). Viet Nam has been implementing its NDC, which includes forestry and land-based mitigation options under the LULUCF sector. The contribution of the sector to committed national emission reduction is significant and cost-effective compared with other sectors. In addition to achieving emission reduction targets, implementation of forestry and land-based mitigation options has the highest benefits for social-economic development and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (MONRE 2020). Challenges, however, lie in the way national priorities and targets are translated into sub-national delivery plans and the way sub-national actors are brought together in orchestration (Hsu et al 2019) in a context where the legal framework for climate-change mitigation is elaborated at national rather than sub-national levels and coordination between government bodies and among stakeholders is generally ineffective (UNDP 2018). In many developing countries, conventional ‘top–down’, centralized land-use planning approaches have been widely practised, with very little success, a result of a lack of flexibility in adapting local peculiarities (Amler et al 1999, Ducourtieux et al 2005, Kauzeni et al 1993). In forest–agriculture mosaic landscapes, the fundamental question is how land-use planning can best conserve forest and agricultural land, both as sources of economic income and environmental services (O’Farrell and Anderson 2010). This paper provides guidance on monitoring integrated tree-based landscape management at commune level, based on the current legal framework related to natural resource management (land and forest) and the requirements of national green-growth development and assessment of land uses in two communes in Dien Bien and Son La provinces. The concept of integrated tree based landscape management in Viet Nam is still new and should be further developed for wider application across levels.