Academic literature on the topic 'Control of leak tightness of equipment'
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Journal articles on the topic "Control of leak tightness of equipment"
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Fokanov, A. N., V. F. Podurazhnaya, and A. V. Tebyakin. "Mass spectrometric study of the leak tightness of products made of technical sintered beryllium." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 87, no. 4 (2021): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2021-87-4-26-31.
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Beryllium products exhibiting a low level of absorption of the radiation energy are widely used in scientific instrumentation design (x-ray technology, radiation detectors, etc.). We present the results of studying the leak tightness of products (disks, plates) made of technical sintered beryllium of standard purity and foil obtained by «warm» rolling from high-purity beryllium. The relevant standards and requirements for testing are given. The leak tightness control was performed using mass spectrometric helium leak detectors with forevacuum backing pumps (oil and dry diaphragm pumps) and specialized vacuum equipment. The parameters of tightness of samples made of technical sintered beryllium were determined. The level of the helium signal during blowing was (0.6 – 7.4) × 10–11 Pa · m3/sec, which corresponds to the tightness standard of foreign analogues and matches the requirements of domestic manufacturers of x-ray equipment. The data spread tended to increase due to the growth of the background value. The obtained results can be used to improve high-tech equipment intended for flaw detection, medical devices, rapid analysis of ore raw materials, radiation safety equipment, etc.
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Maslennikov, Aleksandr, Ilya Zubkov, and V. Pautov. "Optical chemical sensor for solving leak detection problems." MATEC Web of Conferences 212 (2018): 01030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821201030.
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The main features of the construction of gas analytical leak detection systems are noted, from the point of view of the sensitive element and the test substance (gas) used in the leak tightness control. It is shown that when checking the tightness of functioning systems, the standard leak detection equipment is of little use because it is impossible, in most cases, to use the specific test gases necessary for its operation. The use of solid-state gas analytical sensors for the construction of leak detection systems for operating process equipment is proposed. It is shown that one of the most suitable is the optical chemical sensor because of its low sensitivity to the humidity of the carrier gas, which, in such a process of leak detection, is atmospheric air. The properties of the proposed sensor are investigated, which are most important when used in leak detection systems. These parameters are the dynamic characteristics of the sensor, which are determined depending on the operating temperature and pressure of the sensor. The obtained data showed the prospects of using the investigated sensor and also allowed to outline ways of improving and optimizing its design.
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Leskin, Sergey, Dmitry Shvetsov, Evgeny Trykov, and Aleksey Puzakov. "Analysis of acoustic leak signals for enhancing sensitivity of control due to the creation of effective diagnostic indicators." Nuclear Energy and Technology 4, no. 2 (2018): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nucet.4.30775.
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Acoustic leak control systems (for instance, SAKT) are used at present for controlling leak tightness of equipment and pipelines, as well as for detecting in timely manner coolant leaks from the primary cooling circuit of nuclear reactor installations (NRI) during operation of power unit on different power levels in the modes of normal operation and during disturbances of normal operation. Time averaged dispersion of acoustic signal is used as the main diagnostic indicator for detecting leaks in these systems. Sensitivity of this indicator is determined by the exceedance by the signal of the preset threshold value which is defined in accordance with the background. Here, background values of acoustic signal depend on the operational modes of the equipment and do not allow in many cases determining coolant leak during early stages of leak development. New approach to the formation of diagnostic indicators for detecting loss of sealing in the circuit during early stage of development of coolant leak is suggested. Methodology for obtaining diagnostic indicators is based on the processing in different frequency bands of acoustic signal accompanying coolant leakage from the pipeline using the method of principal components. Efficiency of the developed methodology of coolant leak detection is illustrated by processing acoustic signals for experimental facility modeling coolant leakage in case of loss of sealing of the circuit. Even in the presence of significant acoustic background sensitivity of the method allows detecting leaks with significantly lower flow rates (up to five times smaller) than the conventional processing of acoustic signals. Implementation of the developed methodology will not require significant expenditures for upgrading already existing leak control systems operated at present on different NPPs.
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Leskin, Sergey, Dmitry Shvetsov, Evgeny Trykov, and Aleksey Puzakov. "Analysis of acoustic leak signals for enhancing sensitivity of control due to the creation of effective diagnostic indicators." Nuclear Energy and Technology 4, no. (2) (2018): 141–47. https://doi.org/10.3897/nucet.4.30775.
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Acoustic leak control systems (for instance, SAKT) are used at present for controlling leak tightness of equipment and pipelines, as well as for detecting in timely manner coolant leaks from the primary cooling circuit of nuclear reactor installations (NRI) during operation of power unit on different power levels in the modes of normal operation and during disturbances of normal operation. Time averaged dispersion of acoustic signal is used as the main diagnostic indicator for detecting leaks in these systems. Sensitivity of this indicator is determined by the exceedance by the signal of the preset threshold value which is defined in accordance with the background. Here, background values of acoustic signal depend on the operational modes of the equipment and do not allow in many cases determining coolant leak during early stages of leak development. New approach to the formation of diagnostic indicators for detecting loss of sealing in the circuit during early stage of development of coolant leak is suggested. Methodology for obtaining diagnostic indicators is based on the processing in different frequency bands of acoustic signal accompanying coolant leakage from the pipeline using the method of principal components. Efficiency of the developed methodology of coolant leak detection is illustrated by processing acoustic signals for experimental facility modeling coolant leakage in case of loss of sealing of the circuit. Even in the presence of significant acoustic background sensitivity of the method allows detecting leaks with significantly lower flow rates (up to five times smaller) than the conventional processing of acoustic signals. Implementation of the developed methodology will not require significant expenditures for upgrading already existing leak control systems operated at present on different NPPs.
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Tsybrii, I. K., N. S. Koval, and Zh N. Issabekov. "Study of Tapered Threads Parameters Affecting the Quality of the Oil Pipeline Connection." Advanced Engineering Research 22, no. 3 (2022): 242–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2687-1653-2022-22-3-242-251.
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Introduction. With the growth in the production and transportation of gas and oil, the urgency of the problem of tightness of the connection of pipes of the oil and gas range increases. The most common are coupling and streamline threaded connections. Threads of the buttress type, conical trapezoidal, and triangular threads are used. The tightness of the connection depends directly on their quality. The production of pipes and couplings is influenced by many factors. Examples include technological heredity, rigidity of technological equipment, its setting and resetting. The required connection quality is provided by the quality of the elements. The assembly should take into account the possibility of complete interchangeability. The second recommended option is a group assembling. In all cases, control operations are mandatory. The paper presents the results of studies on the distribution of pipe and coupling thread quality parameters in the batch.Materials and Methods. Fragments (tubular parts) of casing pipes with trapezoidal thread and increased tightness (CPTT) and with trapezoidal thread of the buttress profile were studied. They were randomly selected from different batches. When measuring, the samples were fixed in the chuck of 1I611P lathe. The measuring instrument was a clock type 0 accuracy class indicator with a stand. Generally accepted statistical methods were used to evaluate the data obtained.Results. The experiments have found how the tightness of the connection through the method of complete interchangeability is affected by the radial runout of the surfaces of the thread profile tops, the pipe chamfers, and the sealing belt.Discussion and Conclusions. Significant deviations of the values of the thread parameters from the permissible ones were found, which might cause a leak in the connection. Obtaining a high-quality and reliable connection is possible when assembling by the method of incomplete or group interchangeability.
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Borisenko, V. V., V. A. Zakharov, and K. V. Zakharov. "CONTROL OF THIN-WALLED SCREENS OF EPITAXIAL INSTALLATIONS BY THE EDDY CURRENT METHOD." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 85, no. 6 (2019): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2019-85-6-42-46.
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The results of testing thin-walled welded joints (high-temperature assemblies of epitaxial installations) obtained by electron-beam welding using the eddy current method are presented. The tightness of those parts and assemblies is controlled by vacuum and compression leak detection methods, based on increasing the test gas concentration on the one side of the test surface and sampling it for mass spectrometric analysis on the other side. Helium mass spectrometric leak detectors are now widely used in aerospace, electronics and chemical industries, as well as in the instrument making industry and scientific research. The eddy current method provides a high scanning speed and allows timely detection of the defects and prevention of the risk of accidental wear of thin-walled elements and parts of aerospace and petrochemical equipment. The goal of this work is to optimize the control of welded joints of thin (0.2 and 0.5 mm) tantalum screen using a VEKTOR-60D detector and eddy current method. The device provides the use of overhead or flow eddy current differential, tangential and absolute transducers operating at a frequency from 10 Hz to 20 MHz, as well as various dynamic transducers. The device is designed to control metal products, carbon plastics and composites for the presence of defects such as surface and subsurface cracks, discontinuities and homogeneity of materials. VEKTOR-60D allows one to get a simultaneous signal display on the flaw detector screen both in the amplitude-time and complex planes. The used sensors (PVDT-1000-2, PVD-200-2,3, and VP160A45) provided detection of the defects across the entire width of the weld and heat-affected zone in one pass along the welded joint. The defect of the welded joint of the tantalum screen was revealed as incomplete penetration (nonpenetration in the weld root) in accordance with the classification of GOST R ISO 6520-1–2012. The results proved that a VEKTOR-60D eddy current detector can be successfully used in monitoring defects in thin-walled welded joints.
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Guo, Zeyuan, Shaowei Hu, Wencan Jin, Yuxiao Ye, and Changxi Shan. "Application of Digital Twin in the Industry of Axial Hollow-Wall Pipes." Applied Sciences 13, no. 14 (2023): 8093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13148093.
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With the increasing demand for automation in agriculture, more and more researchers are exploring the application of digital twin in agricultural production. However, existing studies have predominantly focused on enhancing resource utilization efficiency and improving irrigation control systems in agricultural production through the implementation of digital twins. Unfortunately, there is a noticeable research gap when it comes to applying digital twins specifically to buried water conveyance pipelines within an agricultural irrigation infrastructure. Focusing on the long-term performance requirements of buried pipelines in agricultural irrigation and drainage, this study established a digital twin system for the industry of axial hollow-wall pipes with an outer diameter of 200 mm, specifically designed for this field of operation. The system was used to optimize the end-forming process of axial hollow-wall pipes, resulting in improved leak tightness under internal pressure and angular deflection of the pipes. The study suggests that the most effective method for the end-forming process of axial hollow-wall pipes is to heat the pipe for 60 s at the ambient temperature of 15 °C, with heating temperatures of 225 °C on both the inner and outer sides. Additionally, preheating the stamping equipment to 70 °C and controlling the cooling temperature, during pipe detachment, to between 35 °C and 45 °C is recommended. In terms of the leak tightness under internal pressure and angular deviation, the study found that increasing the thickness of the protruding end of the sealing ring to 16 mm, and shortening the chamfer length to 20 mm, while maintaining the same slope, can enhance the sealing effectiveness of the pipeline interface. The implementation of the digital twin system improves the production efficiency of the hollow pipe production line during the end-forming process, resulting in a yield rate of the pipe of up to 95% for qualified products. Moreover, the system provides intelligent closed-loop feedback which ensures the long-term operation and maintenance of the pipelines, making it easier to identify problems and implement design improvements. By doing so, it contributes to ensuring the long-term stability of related agricultural production.
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Сердобинцев, С. П., Н. С. Будченко, and Н. А. Долгий. "Automation of control and management of enhanced safety canned fish production." MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII), no. 4(50) (December 17, 2020): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2020.50.4.075.
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В статье рассматривается комплекс вопросов, способствующих повышению безопасности рыбных консервов как важнейшего показателя качества пищевого продукта и оптимизации расхода ресурсов. Показана целесообразность замены традиционного метода орошения блоков замороженной рыбы на электроконтактный способ, который существенного повышает производительность и улучшает качество размороженного сырья. Уменьшение ручного труда в рыбоконсервном производстве может быть достигнуто использованием роботов и робототехнических комплексов на стадиях приемки и порционирования сырья, фасования продукта, проверки герметичности и удаления негерметичных консервов. Применение системы технического зрения позволяет организовать непрерывный дистанционный контроль закаточного шва и изменять параметры настройки закаточной машины с целью достижения необходимой герметичности. Показано, что безопасность производства консервов может быть повышена облучением рабочих поверхностей продукта и оборудования ультрафиолетовым излучением. На безопасность консервов оказывают влияние практически все технологические операции рыбоконсервной линии. Анализ работ по технологии продуктов из гидробионтов и созданию автоматизированных консервных линий позволил выделить мероприятия по дальнейшему совершенствованию производства и хранения рыбных консервов. The article deals with a set of issues that contribute to improving the safety of canned fish as an important indicator of food quality and the resource consumption optimization. The utility of replacing the traditional method of irrigation of frozen fish blocks with an electric contact method is shown, the latter significantly increasing productivity and improving the quality of thawed raw materials. Reduction of manual labor in fish canning production can be achieved by using robots and robotic systems at the stages of acceptance and portioning of raw materials, product packaging, leak testing and removal of leaky canned food. The use of a technical vision system allows to organize continuous remote control of the sealing seam and change the settings of the sealing machine in order to achieve the necessary tightness. The safety of canned food production is shown to be increased by irradiating the working surfaces of the product and equipment with ultraviolet radiation. The safety of canned food is influenced by almost all technological operations of the fish canning line. The analysis of investigations into the technology of products from hydrobionts and the development of automated canning lines has allowed to identify measures to further improve the production and storage of canned fish.
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Bobrov, V. T., V. M. Bobrenko, and A. V. Gulshin. "ACOUSTIC EXPRESS METHOD FOR MEASURING ELASTIC METAL CONSTANTS OF HIGH-LOADED CONSTRUCTIONS WORKING IN EXTREME CONDITIONS. PART 1." Kontrol'. Diagnostika, no. 264 (June 2020): 46–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/td.2020.06.pp.046-063.
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A review of contingencies related to the failure of potentially hazardous equipment of the aviation and space-rocket complexes showed that they lead to explosions, fires, deaths and destruction of infrastructure. The causes of accidents and disasters are errors in the selection of technical solutions and materials during design, imperfection of algorithms and software for flight control systems, malfunctions in on-board computers and security systems, navigation systems, engine failure, defects in components and assemblies. Examples of accidents and disasters related to technical failures leading to a violation of the tightness of the aircraft fuselage and depressurization of spacecraft are given. It is shown that the main types of damage to the units are corrosion damage, fatigue and metal wear. The conclusion is made about the negative impact of the “human factor” regarding the adoption of erroneous decisions, failure to comply with regulatory requirements and actions in extreme situations. There is a risk of fatigue cracks and degradation of the properties of stringer metal, landing gear struts, wing tail trim, fuel tanks, engine pylon flanges, and imperfect methods, equipment, and technology for monitoring fatigue defects of critical components and mechanisms of aircraft, helicopters, and space systems. It is shown that modern achievements are poorly used in research and development of physical methods and diagnostics of elastic constants of metals working under high pressure, their changes in conditions of wide temperature drops, cosmic vacuum, vibration and other influences. It is proposed to combine efforts with scientists and experts in the field of strength, resource assessment and operational safety of aviation and space technology.
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Bobrov, V. T., V. M. Bobrenko, and A. V. Gulshin. "ACOUSTIC EXPRESS METHOD FOR MEASURING ELASTIC METAL CONSTANTS OF HIGH-LOADED CONSTRUCTIONS WORKING IN EXTREME CONDITIONS. PART 1." Kontrol'. Diagnostika, no. 264 (June 2020): 46–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/td.2020.06.pp.046-063.
Full textAbstract:
A review of contingencies related to the failure of potentially hazardous equipment of the aviation and space-rocket complexes showed that they lead to explosions, fires, deaths and destruction of infrastructure. The causes of accidents and disasters are errors in the selection of technical solutions and materials during design, imperfection of algorithms and software for flight control systems, malfunctions in on-board computers and security systems, navigation systems, engine failure, defects in components and assemblies. Examples of accidents and disasters related to technical failures leading to a violation of the tightness of the aircraft fuselage and depressurization of spacecraft are given. It is shown that the main types of damage to the units are corrosion damage, fatigue and metal wear. The conclusion is made about the negative impact of the “human factor” regarding the adoption of erroneous decisions, failure to comply with regulatory requirements and actions in extreme situations. There is a risk of fatigue cracks and degradation of the properties of stringer metal, landing gear struts, wing tail trim, fuel tanks, engine pylon flanges, and imperfect methods, equipment, and technology for monitoring fatigue defects of critical components and mechanisms of aircraft, helicopters, and space systems. It is shown that modern achievements are poorly used in research and development of physical methods and diagnostics of elastic constants of metals working under high pressure, their changes in conditions of wide temperature drops, cosmic vacuum, vibration and other influences. It is proposed to combine efforts with scientists and experts in the field of strength, resource assessment and operational safety of aviation and space technology.
Books on the topic "Control of leak tightness of equipment"
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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Technology Innovation Office., ed. Leak detection for landfill liners: Overview of tools for vadose zone monitoring. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Technology Innovation Office?, 1998.
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Hix, Karen. Leak detection for landfill liners: Overview of tools for vadose zone monitoring. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Technology Innovation Office, 1998.
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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Technology Innovation Office, ed. Leak detection for landfill liners: Overview of tools for vadose zone monitoring. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Technology Innovation Office, 1998.
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Office, General Accounting. Department of Energy: Information on the tritium leak and contractor dismissal at the Brookhaven National Laboratory : report to Congressional requesters. U.S. General Accounting Office, 1997.
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Department of Energy: Information on the tritium leak and contractor dismissal at the Brookhaven National Laboratory : report to congressional requesters. The Office, 1997.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Control of leak tightness of equipment"
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Wang, Zibo. "Research on Digital Preservation and Virtual Display Technology of Industrial Heritage." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3233/faia250266.
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In order to solve the problem that the connection between the host-side equipment and the client-side equipment is not close, which leads to the unclear display of industrial heritage, the research on digital protection and virtual display technology of industrial heritage is proposed. In this paper, on the basis of B/S architecture, the host-side platform equipment and client-side platform equipment are connected on demand. Then the virtual reality is used to determine the location of the user role, and establish the human-computer interaction mode, and then through the way of perfecting the database storage system, to realize the construction of the system software execution environment. The experimental results show that during the whole experimental process, the mean value of the contact tightness index between the host-side equipment and the client-side equipment of the experimental group is relatively high, while the mean value of the control group is relatively low. From the perspective of limit value, the experimental group, the ϖ. The maximum value of the indicator amounted to 35.5%, compared to the control group ϖ. Compared with the maximum value of 18.9%, it has increased by 16.6%. Conclusion: Compared with the traditional system, the tightness of connection between the host device and the client device of the system is always maintained at a high level, which can meet the practical application requirements of clearly displaying industrial heritage.
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Guo, Yixiang, Lifang Chen, and Yuhang Zhou. "A Review of the Development of Sealing Materials and Measurement and Control Simulation Technology for Typical Hypersonic Vehicle Positions." In Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Smart Manufacturing and Material Processing (SMMP2022). IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220826.
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Hypersonic vehicles are an important development direction in aerospace, and their development will have a significant impact on world security, the development of cosmic space resources and related disciplines. Along with the rapid development of modern aircraft, landing gear is commonly used with retractable technology, which brings a series of problems, such as the design of landing gear hatch retraction heat sealing mechanism and the evaluation of air tightness. This paper takes the thermal sealing structure of the front main landing gear hatch of a vehicle as an example, reviews the progress of the analysis techniques of sealing material properties and sealing structure design for hypersonic vehicles at home and abroad, discusses the current status of the development and limitations of hatch thermal sealing technology, outlines and discusses the key technologies for design and analysis of hatch thermal sealing structure and the future development trend, and summarizes the test equipment and methods for identifying the performance of seals and sealing systems.
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Nigam, Harsh, and Jegatha Nambi Krishnan. "Advances in Micropumps for Microfluidic Systems." In Advances in MEMS and Microfluidic Systems. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6952-1.ch004.
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Micropumps play a crucial role in the microfluidic devices through their exact control and manipulation of fluid at the microscale. Advancements have been made in the creation of micropumps for applications ranging from chemical synthesis to biomedical applications. In this chapter an overview of the most recent developments in micropump technology and design, starting with understanding the working principles of micropumps like electrostatic, pneumatic, etc.as well as differences between Mechanical and Non-Mechanical pumps will be described. This chapter contains the recent developments in microfluidic channels, valves and actuators, as well as some general methods of fabrication of these micropumps (like soft-lithography, MEMS fabrication) along with examples. In the penultimate section, the chapter elaborates on the various applications of micropumps in environmental monitoring (such as particle counting, leak detection, etc.) and biomedical applications and point of care equipment. Finally, the chapter concludes about the future and markets of micropumps.
Conference papers on the topic "Control of leak tightness of equipment"
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Tombaugh, Raymond S., and George V. Spires. "The Role of Coating Type Linings in Upgrading/Restoring Power Plant Service Water System Reliability." In CORROSION 1990. NACE International, 1990. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1990-90466.
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Abstract When properly applied, liquid-applied organic coating materials offer an important tool in the arsenal of available technologies for stabilizing and even rehabilitating Power Plant Service Water Systems (SWS’s) that have experienced the deteriorating effects of corrosion, erosion, and fouling. Traditionally, use of coating-type linings has been limited, largely because conventional materials had not proven sufficiently reliable in comparable service, such as circulating water systems. Some SWS linings may be considered safety-related by the definition that debris, which could occur should the lining fail, could foul components such as strainers and heat exchangers in RHR and similar safeguard systems. This paper focuses on a relatively new breed of one hundred percent solids (non-solvent emitting) coating materials which, when combined with customized application processes and close control of quality, have proven quite serviceable in water flow systems. Design considerations and crucial process details are reviewed. The configuration and as-built physical environment of many parts of the SWS presents severe constraints on the accessibility of the constituent pipe and components. Where in-service inspection (ISI) indicates that existing linings have deteriorated, innovative techniques are required if a new lining is to be installed or repairs are to be effected. Established techniques and equipment available in the oil and gas and municipal water and sewage industries, creatively coupled with emerging equipment system developments, provide viable capabilities for in-situ lining application and repair. Examples of the more promising materials and systems are highlighted. A summary of unique solutions for typical SWS performance problems which are available through specialty coatingtype lining materials and applications is discussed. These include: ■Selective application of epoxy to check dealloying■Using Heat Exchanger (HX) tube ID coating to eliminate inlet end erosion and down tube corrosion■The emerging capabilities of non-toxic biofoul resistant coatings, when configured compositely with epoxy linings, for pipe, channels and tube ID’s■The role of coating-type linings in precluding MIC-related deterioration■Restoring HX tube-to-tubesheet joint strength and leak tightness without rerolling and/or metal inserts The key elements for achieving serviceable results for these applications are outlined.
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Lai, Junju, Wei Liu, Liehong Huang, Wei Wang, Shihua Huang, and Zhijun Guo. "Extended Design of Data Return and Equipment Remote Control for SF6 Gas Leak Detectors." In 2024 3rd International Conference on Energy and Electrical Power Systems (ICEEPS). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceeps62542.2024.10693152.
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Meier, Craig K., and John H. Fitzgerald. "Monitoring the Effectiveness of Cathodic Protection, Leak Detection and the Installation of Impressed Current Cathodic Protection under In-Service above Ground Storage Tanks." In CORROSION 1999. NACE International, 1999. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1999-99520.
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Abstract Above ground tank owners are increasingly faced with regulations and company standards regarding release prevention and corrosion control. In particular, tank inspections are also required. Many inspections are revealing that corrosion is taking place and that metal loss has occurred. Corrosion is occurring frequently despite the fact that cathodic protection has been installed and maintained. This paper discusses why corrosion occurs on tanks which appear to have effective cathodic protection. Case histories are presented. Techniques for installing monitoring tubes under in-service tanks are presented as is a discussion of improving cathodic protection monitoring and the mitigation of corrosion. Concepts regarding extending the life of thinned floors through cathodic protection and leak detection per API standards are reviewed. Also, the use of directional drilling for the installation of monitoring equipment and impressed current cathodic protection are covered.
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Al-Arada, Musaed M., Faisal H. Al-Refai, Sudhir Joshi, and Sandeep Patil. "Effective Corrosion Management for Enhancing Mechanical Integrity." In CORROSION 2015. NACE International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2015-05908.
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Abstract To meet business plan of any process plant, mechanical integrity and reliability of static equipment/piping is very important. This can be achieved by a good management system, which is placed to make sure that each element can be properly scheduled and completed at appropriate intervals. The corrosion management system is an integration of various corrosion control methods to achieve mechanical integrity and reliability of static equipment/piping. The corrosion management system (the understanding, identification, measurement, monitoring, control and mitigation of different corrosion mechanisms within process plants) is integrated with other management systems playing a vital role in achieving excellence in plant integrity and reliability. Management of change (MOC), Risk Based Inspection (RBI) and Integrating Operating Windows (IOW) are some of the essential components of a corrosion management system. Leak/failure reporting, tracking of failure analysis recommendations, pressure safety valve (PSV) analysis, record keeping and audit systems are also part of corrosion management system and need continuous improvement. The main objective of a corrosion management system is to minimize the loss of containment of hydrocarbon and other critical process streams, which can be directly attributed to corrosion and have a detrimental impact on operation of process plants. Corrosion management also helps in developing the correct inspection plans and optimizing inspection intervals. This paper describes various aspects and elements of a robust corrosion management system. It explains the integration of all these elements to enhance mechanical integrity of static equipment/piping in process plants.
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Al-Hammad, Munther A., and Abdelhak Kermad. "Sulfur Recovery Plant; Corrosion Controls." In CORROSION 2016. NACE International, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2016-07428.
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Abstract Wet H2S damage, high temperature sulfidic corrosion and acid dewpoint corrosion are aggressive damage mechanisms affecting sulfur recovery plants. The purpose of the sulfur recovery plant is to convert H2S into sulfur, a saleable by-product. It also eliminates the release of H2S to the atmosphere. Any failure or leak in these processing plants could lead to a safety incident due to processed services and process parameters. This study has evaluated the most relevant damage mechanisms and reviewed historical corrosion damage and inspection history associated with major equipment. Deterioration of refractory linings caused by poor design/installation, overheating, thermal shock and chemical attack has also been considered as a chronic challenge. This paper has set several steps to control corrosion and deterioration on these Sulfur Recovery Plants. Controls include material selection, process parameters (Plant Integrity Windows), refractory design and inspection / monitoring techniques.
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Doering, Ken, Sam Mishael, Robert E. Rettew, and Chris Buterbaugh. "Monolithic Isolation Joints: a Possible Weak Link in Pipeline Integrity." In CORROSION 2014. NACE International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2014-3989.
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Abstract Monolithic isolation joints provide electrical isolation between segments of linepipe. As the name implies, a monolithic isolation joint appears as a solid block. It can seem a simple piece of equipment because it has no moving parts and is supplied fully assembled and ready to weld into the pipeline. However, a monolithic isolation joint hides an assorted mixture of components, each with one or more unique ways to fail and no way to inspect the components on receipt. In benign service, the performance of isolation joints is generally forgiving, but high temperature, high pressure, gas service stretches their performance and a high degree of quality control on each component within the monolithic isolation joint is necessary. Failures of monolithic isolation joints in a sour gas field have highlighted critical areas where purchaser attention is needed: Seal procurement: In multiple cases these failures have been caused by permanent compression set of o-rings and cracked energizing springs.Forging and pipe traceability: In other cases, excessively hard weld heat-affected zones demonstrated a lack of material traceability.Design flaws: the electrical isolation sheet is a possible leak path when it is used as both an isolation component and a critical sealing surface.
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Kumar, Ashok, and L. D. Stephenson. "Impressed Current Cathodic Protection of Hot Water Storage Tanks." In CORROSION 2006. NACE International, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2006-06257.
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Abstract Large pressurized steel hot water storage tanks must be protected from internal corrosion, as they have no protective coatings on the water-side. Six pressurized steel hot water storage tanks at an Army installation were chosen for implementation with impressed current cathodic protection systems using ceramic anodes. The tanks, ranging from 5,000 to 13,300 liters (1,300 to 3,500 gal.) in size, are part of a closed loop system that supplies hot water 60°C (140°F) to soldier’s barracks for bathing and to the adjoining mess halls for washing dishes. The tanks will be taken off-line, drained, and holes will be bored in the steel walls to install mixed metal oxide ceramic coated titanium rod anodes connected to a local rectifier and control system. Ceramic anodes have potential to extend the service life of the water storage tank, many times that of the sacrificial anodes, even in corrosive waters. The design of the system took into account the water chemistry and current density required to mitigate corrosion at a maximum continuous operating temperature of up to 60°C (140°F) in accordance with NACE Standards RP0388-2001 and RP0169-96 for cathodic protection. The benefits of installation of the CP systems are expected to be service life extension of the hot water storage tanks, and reduction in the potential of the tanks to leak and damage other electrical/mechanical equipment. Also, these tanks are located in areas where they would be difficult and costly to remove and replace without breaking through a wall in the mechanical room.
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Vakulenko, Daria, Tetiana Tkachenko, Viktor Mileikovskyi, Viktoriia Konovaliuk, and Oleksandr Liubarets. "Tightness monitoring camera for critical parts of rural technological and scientific equipment." In 23rd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2024.23.tf062.
Full textAbstract:
There are a lot of devices, including rural equipment with a high level of tightness. Nowadays, a wide range of methods are used for investigation and testing: capillary, radiographic, radio wave, mass spectrometric, eddy current, surface-active substances, etc. These methods require special equipment and do not allow continuous monitoring during operation. The traditional soap solution coating can continuously monitor the tightness until drying. Thus, there is a problem in creating an easy and robust method of monitoring the tightness of the critical equipment parts during the operation. In this work, a new method for the tightness control is proposed. It is based on the principle of distributing flows in parallel piping. If the camera around a critical part is sealed, its leaks will have high aerodynamic resistance. Therefore, if a small hole (0.1-1 mm) is made in such a camera, its aerodynamic resistance will be some order smaller. Since the distribution of flows is inversely proportional to the square of the specific characteristic of aerodynamic resistance, the main outflow or inflow due to leakages in the critical part inside the camera will occur almost through this hole, which is easy to register. This camera has been used in the Laboratory of Heat-Mass Exchange in Green Structures to test gas exchange in plants. For testing the method, the fan in the test stand before final sealing is slowly accelerated until the signal appears. After that, the flow rate has been estimated using a collector. The results show a very high sensitivity. In the collector, the anemometer showed only 0.02 m·s-1. The confidence interval of the flow is 0-0.019 m3·h-1. However, the anemometer reading near the hole is 0.43, which is a very clear signal. The signal will be clear at the leakage of 0.0086 m3·h-1. The soap coating of all junctures and smoke visualisation did not show a leakage place. This allows recommending the camera for the most critical equipment parts.
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Legault, Xavier, Abdel-Hakim Bouzid, and Ali Salah Omar Aweimer. "Mechanical Characterization of Valve Compression Packing at High Temperature." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10103.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Packed stuffing boxes are sealing devices used in valves, compressors and pumps. The compression packing is the most critical element of this assembly. Packing rings are compressed axially to produce lateral contact pressures large enough to confine the processed fluid within the pressurized valve and avoids leakage to the outer boundary. Although popular, this old method of sealing has seen very limited analytical and numerical development. There is no standard design procedure for engineers to follow, and the existing standard test procedures are limited to qualification and quality control tests such as API622, 624, ISO-15848 1 and 2. As a result, structural integrity and leak tightness are rarely verified, and consequently 60 % of pressurized equipment requiring fugitive emissions compliance are valves that use this type of sealing device. The mechanical properties of compression packing materials are the main factors affecting fluid tightness at room and high temperatures and yet there is little or no data available either in manufacturer’s catalogues or in the literature. Packed stuffing box research is scant and focuses mostly on the distribution of the contact pressure between the stem and packing at room temperature without considering packing mechanical properties such as rigidity, thermal expansion, creep and aging. It is proposed, in this project, to measure the mechanical properties such as pressure transmission ratio, short-term creep deformation and thermal expansion coefficient of two packing materials at high temperature. This initiative will serve as a basis to launch a North American testing program to develop ASTM-like testing procedures for compression packing at high temperature.
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Billon, F., G. Batmale, and B. Drevon. "Improvement of Leak Tightness Analysis of Bolted Closure Systems in Pressure Equipment." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78538.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this work is to study the Leak Tightness of the closure systems of nuclear pressure equipment during all situations including in-service operating, emergency and accidental conditions. The analysis is performed using a complete 3-dimensional finite element model of the closure system including : the studs, the gasket, the contacts between the gasket and their seating surfaces (contact elements), the nuts, the cover, the part of the shell on which the opening is located and the tightening preload of the studs. It comprises 2 main phases: (a) Using the 3D model, with non linear internal parameters converted in appropriate linear that allows performing linear analyses, we select, with respect to leaktightness, the most critical thermal and pressure transient among a large amount of transient. This selected transient presents the weakest compressing force between the gasket and its seating surfaces, which is the selection criterion. (b) Then, using the 3D model we perform a full non-linear analysis of the selected transient, taking into account the non linearity of the contacts as well as the non linearity of the gaskets and the tightening preload of the studs. Thus for this transient, we obtain the history of the compressive forces on the gasket and particularly the history of the metal-metal contact for the gaskets multi-ring type (metallic-graphite-metallic) and we can check if compressive forces remain effective. An important consequence is the re-calculation of the tightening preload applied to the studs if the intensity of the metal-metal contact is not sufficient.