Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Contrôle de gestion – Sénégal'
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Bampoky, Boniface. "Les pratiques de contrôle de gestion dans les entreprises au Sénégal : bilan et perspectives." Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT4012.
Full textCompared with the subsidiaries of multinational business companies, the purely Senegalese local firms are confronted to a problem of performance. To be able to develop economic performance, they must be piloted well and structured. Question is then to know how as it is structured internal management and as it is assured the piloting of performance in firms in Senegal. It is a question of representing, analysing and of understanding practices and instrumentation of the management control on the whole of resident firms and of making perspectives of lasting development of performance. A methodology of exploratory research composed of three stages (an exploratory research to a number restrain firms, a quantitative study confirmatoire by questionnaire managed to 130 firms of more 50 wage earners, a stage of deepened analysis driving to normative recommendations) was set up. Interest is to have led to an explicative model of practice and broadcasting of the instrumentation of the management control in an economy in development as the Senegal
Ba, Boubacar Demba. "Finances publiques et gestion par la performance dans les pays membres de l'UEMOA : étude de cas du Sénégal." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0062/document.
Full textBehind many of other countries, those of the West African Monetary and economic Union adopted the management by performance system. It’s a global system of management of public policies, which come in missions, programs and actions. It includes, in the stage of public policies elaboration, to recognize the budgetary restriction which imposes up on everywhere and to specify the framework of these policies and to draw priorities and to consider the long term basis for their execution. The system supposes, in the stage of accomplishment, to grant freedom to managers, particularly in their use of the means, what implies, in return, their accountability. At last, the system supposes, in a third stage, a systematic use of internal control and audit and evaluation
Balde, Abdoulaye]. "Le contrôle des finances publiques au Sénégal." Perpignan, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PERP0219.
Full textThe study of a system intended to control government finances should logically start with a quite clear definition of the concepts that the system covers. To do so, we shall from the outset, point out that it is the public nature of the financial stakeholders that bestows on government finances their legal status. In Senegal, the scope of operation of government finances is quite broad as a result of the will of the political authorities. In addition to the central administration and to its field offices, it also covers the sectors of state-owned firms and local governments. Controlling the finances of these government officers consists essentially in comparing a given financial operation as it is performed with a rule of reference which stands as a basis. It seems therefore that in senegal, the goal set for government finance control activities is to check financial regularity. This work is carried out by numerous organs which have more often than not poorly defined missions. This led us, throughout our investigations, to try and check how efficient the internal as well as the external system of government finance control is in Senegal. It comes out of our study quite clearly that the senegalese system to control government finances compares quite well to that of most African francophone countries. Conversely, analyzed under the light of the modern control systems of developed countries, it presents many shortcomings linked to several social, economic, political, administrative and cultural factors. Faced with such a situation, we advocate that objectives and resources be revisited and designed accordingly, that structures be well coordinated, that interventions be better organized and that a new profile of officers in charge of controlling government finances be developed
Diagne, Mayacine. "L'efficacité du contrôle contentieux exercé sur l'administration sénégalaise." Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX32019.
Full textThis thesis treats about the afficiency of the recourse for excess of powor in an african system of unity of jurisdiction. Indide, the author effectuates a study over the transposal of some fundamental concepts of the french administrative law into the senegalese law and over the efficiency of the senegalese model witch resultes from it. The first deal treats about the efficiency of the contentions procedure, namely the conditions of receivability concerning the acts and of the pleaders, and the rules of the formal procedure receivability. The second deal treats during the stage posterior to the seizuse of the judge about the contentions proceedings, along the debate : the rules of the proos, the pretentions of pleaders, the powors of investigation of the judge ; the effects of the contentions controls and about the role of the institution of the "recourse for excess of power in the senegalese practice"
Barro, Aboubacar Abdoulaye. "Politiques publiques, école et gestion du personnel enseignant dans l'éducation de base au Sénégal." Bordeaux 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR21539.
Full textLes Politiques d’ajustements structurels (PAS) des années 1970 et 1980 ont considérablement remis en cause le rôle de l’Etat dans la définition et la mise en œuvre des politiques publiques en Afrique post-indépendante. Ces réformes économiques ont eu pour objectif d’alléger le poids des dépenses publiques dans les secteurs clés comme l’éducation. Si ces politiques ont été considérées par beaucoup d’acteurs comme une remise en cause de la souveraineté des États du Tiers-monde, le contexte des années 1990 (explosion démographique, besoin de scolarisation universelle dans le secteur primaire) inaugure aussi une nouvelle ère dans le secteur primaire. Dans le cas du Sénégal, le rôle de l’Etat devient de plus en plus important avec le recrutement massif des volontaires de l’éducation (secteur primaire) à partir de 1995. Cette politique de recrutement massif d’enseignants (1200 par an à partir de 1995 et autour de 4000 par an depuis 2000) est un moyen efficace de contrôle du système éducatif par les pouvoirs publics sénégalais. Par ailleurs, les bailleurs de fond (Banque mondiale, FMI) adoptent depuis quelques années une nouvelle stratégie consistant à revaloriser le rôle de l’Etat surtout dans le système éducatif du fait que l’augmentation considérable du nombre d’intervenants (organismes bilatéraux, ONG, associations) rend de plus en plus nécessaire la coordination de tous les programmes
Diawara, Amadou Bélal. "Les déchets solides à Dakar : environnement, sociétés et gestion urbaine." Bordeaux 3, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00466516.
Full textDakar faces an important deficit in equipment and basic urban public services. Among the sectors affected by this deficiency, that of the taking charge of solid waste. At its birth in the xxe century, colonial authorities limited the collection and cleaning services to only European districts of the town. Since the independence, a quick urban denseness which did not gain control of, brought organisms of collection, to apply a sociodifferentiate management between central equipped areas, and a little urbanized margin beltways. Domestic hygiene was not very affected by this functioning. But the weakness of the official offer, bring the populations to adopt alternatives mechanisms a little suitable for the disposal of garbage : anarchists rejection, burial or traditional burning. With the law acquittal of Mbeubeus which receives the whole waste of the built up area, these practices cause the pollution of the environment. It also damage the living condition of the population, and put in danger their health. A global management policy of waste is necessary. Intervening on the whole chain, it must integrate the banal production, but also that said dangerous medical and industrial waste
Niang, Pape Fary Aram. "Etude critique du contrôle juridique des compagnies d'assurances au Sénégal." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211829.
Full textNdiaye, Amacodou. "Statut foncier et gestion des terres agricoles au Sénégal." Montpellier 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985MON10046.
Full textKane, Khalifa Ababacar. "Aspects juridiques de la gestion et de l'exploitation portuaires au Sénégal." Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT4001.
Full textThe enhanced movement of globalization poses strong demands on African ports, such as Senegal, in terms of volume and quality of infrastructure, the frequency of dredging and port efficiency. This is readily understandable, as a good policy of port management, is important to ensure the efficiency of maritime transport of a country. The objective is the competitiveness of ports. But, in Senegal for exemple , this target is not always easy to reach, due to the difficult cohabitation between public service and economic development. Indeed, most regulations governing ports management, refers to public service; leading therefore to a public model of management, while, the economic development rather involves private law principles. Moreover, the aforementioned legislations, dating from the aftermath of independence, arise the problem of compatibility between the efficiency of these texts and the country's real needs. Hence the question of the profitability of this method of managment : Senegal is he able to protect its public port, and make it profitable at the same time? (making a comparative analysis with what is observed in the ports of other countries). Or should there be another way of management, which, of course, should take into account the interests of the system?
Kane, Abdoul-Wahid. "Le sport au Sénégal : analyse socio-historique de la diffusion et de l'encadrement des pratiques (1920-2005)." Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21232.
Full textThe study tries to analyze the methods and the logic which govern spreading of the frame of the modern sports practices in Senegal, from the colonial context until the independent skate. It restores the various steps of the process of the adoption of a colonial sports policy which becomes a reality with the proclamation of sports charter of the AOF and of Togo in 1941. At the independence of 1960, Senegal inherits an experience which places it in the first rank of the rising African sport. Then, from 1966, begin a series of reforms ending in the formalization of a national sports policy with adoption of a charter of sport. The ideal of a practice " democratized, multi-field and decentralized " meet serious difficulties to be set up. The forms and the different meanings allocated to the practices by the main actors are evoked to try to understand the permanence of their spreading differentieated in the time and the space of the country
Germain, Christophe. "Contrôle organisationnel et contrôle de gestion : la place des tableaux de bord dans le système de contrôle des petites et moyennes entreprises." Bordeaux 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR40023.
Full textLE, ROUX Sylvain. "Pêche et territoires au Sénégal." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010547.
Full textTravaillé, Denis. "Systèmes de Gestion de Production et Systèmes de Contrôle de Gestion." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00491490.
Full textThiao, Djiga. "Un système d'indicateurs de durabilité des pêcheries côtières comme outil de gestion intégrée des ressources halieutiques sénégalaises." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS001S.
Full textThis thesis is centered on an analysis of the sustainability of coastal fisheries, which leads to the proposal of a system of indicators as a tool for integrated management of Senegalese halieutic resources. The objective is to contribute to a better governance of these resources whose exploitation is characterized by the complexity, the multiplicity and the interactivity of several ecological, economical and social factors. The strategy adopted in this thesis is based on a systemic approach, through a multidimensional and multi-stakeholder vision supported by the PSR (pressure-state-response) model. The diagnosis shows general deterioration of the state of coastal ecosystems, which requires adjustment measures of the fishing pressure. However, many gaps remain for a better comprehension and monitoring of changes affecting the sustainability of fisheries and the global vulnerability of coastal ecosystems
Touzeau, Suzanne. "Modèle de contrôle en gestion des pêches." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE5051.
Full textWade, Cheikh Tidiane. "Écosystème et environnement : problématique de la gestion durable des usages littoraux au niveau de la Grande Côte sénégalaise." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010600.
Full textMorales, Gutierrez Petra. "Contrôle des coûts des grands projets pétroliers." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA011000.
Full textLouis, François. "L'Education nationale, le contrôle de gestion et la gestion des ressources humaines." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOE018.
Full textSané, Youssouph. "Les processus actuels de l'urbanisation dakaroise : Entre expansion et complexité de gestion, enjeux de la périphérie est." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30022.
Full textDakar is developped to a fast process, winning progressively the whole region. It’s in the analysis of the urban constitution of Senegal that we arrive to understand How and Why Dakar play his today role. Colonial effects have favoured the littoral cities and the consecration of Dakar as national metropolis confirmed the destiny of the biggest senegalese city. However, to the regional level, problems do not lack. Difficulties for finding a habitation of quality remain one of the main preoccupations of populations. Authorities try to find solutions, but available finances don’t permit to lead in best conditions ambitious programmes in a context marked by a structural crisis and a lack of clarity of the land-tax. The East part (Malika, Keur Massar, Mbao) is therefore interesting in the way it permit to understand the actual effects and challenges of urbanization in Dakar, focusing potentialities and problems
Auclair, Audrey. "Le bassin du fleuve Sénégal : vers une gestion participative? : implication des populations dans la gestion des ressources du bassin et évolution des relations entre riverains." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30127/30127.pdf.
Full textLeroy, Maya. "Gestion stratégique des écosystèmes dans un contexte d’aide internationale : engagements environnementaux et dispositifs de gestion dans la vallée du fleuve Sénégal." Paris, ENGREF, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENGR0022.
Full textIn three decades, international conventions have become a major tool for public action in the field of the environment. They offer the double promise of action that is broadly based on agreement and a strong commitment to collective responsibility. But what is the environmental effectiveness of these commitments? Are they followed by effects? The question arises for international conventions, as for all public, international, national or territorial environmental policies. In response, widespread today's approaches that see negotiation as coordination, cooperation or market principles are lacking. Normative evaluation frameworks are essential in this context, as well as the dimensions of power and strategy. In this perspective of strategic environmental management analysis, it is necessary to carry out fieldwork that clearly enlight the announcements of collective environmental responsibility in one hand and on the other, the concrete evolutions of the state of the environment the acts that cause them. In the case of the Senegal river valley, a vast floodplain of a river that crosses four states, we have analyzed several management measures put in place to take charge of the environment (the Mitigation and Monitoring Environmental Impacts Program of Senegal River Development -PASIE, Left Bank Management Plan and Planning -PDRG and Senegalese Environmental Planning: Regional Action Plan for the Environment -PRAE and the Regional Conservation Strategy Of Biodiversity - SRCB). It shows that they are far from taking care of the responsibilities to be assumed, particularly in the context of the Ramsar (wetlands) and biodiversity conventions. The thesis analyzes in depth the causes of this state of affairs. It identifies the consequences and replaces them in the broader picture of the long-term vicissitudes of development actions whose effectiveness and sustainability are highly questionable
Hecker, Artur. "Contrôle d'accès et gestion des réseaux 4G hétérogènes." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001415.
Full textZolomian, Matthieu. "Le contrôle de la gestion des sociétés cotées." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010304.
Full textListed companies are characterized by its widely spread shareholders. This increases the distance existing between directors and stakeholders, especially shareholders. A difference of interests may arise between directors' actions and stakeholders' expectations. Directors' actions, managing the company's assets, may then be controlled by those stakeholders, thus controlling the company's management. After preliminaries decision regarding nomination and compensation of the directors, it appears that a preventive control is applied to some of the managerial decisions. One has to check that social interest is preserved, as well as other special and collective interests, such as creditors' interests, employees' interests or even markets' interests. The prerogatives of the directors are then limited. This kind of control is currently spreading, as it allows to prevent some costly conflicts inside the corporate structure. But this ex ante control does not supersede another kind of control, the ex post one, occurring once the decision are applied. This ex post control, when executed by shareholders, depends on their identities and expectations, as various types of shareholders may be identified inside a listed company. When the control allows to identify any violation of the interests followed by the management, or any malfunction inside the company, controlling the management may lead to court cases
Meyssonnier, François. "Le Contrôle de gestion communal : bilan et perspectives." Nancy 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN22014.
Full textAfter an analysis of public accounting information limits, a questionnaire sent to 82 towns is presented, showing the limited and uneven development of management control tools. Explanations for this situation are given, first, by refering to an economic and political model for local government bases and objectives and, then, to a sociological and organizational model for internal operation and control processes. Then, a field study of innovatives approaches is presented for a dozen towns. It shows very different styles of management control. The link between management control styles and means of organizational change is specified and a methodoly is proposed in the field of management control in local governments
Delaunay, Valérie. "L'entrée en vie féconde : expression démographique des mutations socio-économiques d'un milieu rural sénégalais." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100119.
Full textThe evolution of the socio-economic context, in part due to agricultural crisis (decline in pluviometer, decline in peanuts prices, overexploitation of land), induces to the generalization of seasonal migration of young adults, in particular young women, towards urban areas. This phenomenon leads to a change in the rules of social control. This change provokes a weakening of the social control by the elderly and to partial transfer of the decision making process from the group to the individual. The first marriage is postponed because economic constraints make it more difficult for young men to pay the bride price, because of increasing school enrolment and seasonal migration. However, the timing of the first birth stays relatively stable. What is new, is the high proportion of premarital births (1 6) and premarital conceptions (1 4) among first births. We observe alleviation in the conditions for paying the bride price, but also a change in the rules for choosing the spouse, and a transitory period of non-residence for both spouses. These changes reflect an adaptation of the marital system in response to the premarital conceptions phenomenon
Hountondji, Eric. "L'essor de la justice constitutionnelle au Bénin, au Mali et au Sénégal." Cergy-Pontoise, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CERG0337.
Full textThe autocratic running of the political power during post independence first three decades in Benin, Mali and, to a least extent, in Senegal, led to questioning their political system through sovereign national conferences, in Benin and Mali whereas in Senegal, it was expressed through constitutional reorganizations. Therefore, the three countries have adopted regimes inspired from the democratic practice of Western countries, with constitutional jurisdictions as a linchpin. Such jurisdictions, owing to the effective implementation of their determining functions, contribute to the development, enhancement and strengthening of the constitutional justice. However, certain malfunctioning and shortcomings, the consideration of which could significantly improve the efficiency of the said constitutional jurisdictions, prompt to qualifying their established achievements as well as their key role
Dieye, Cheikhou. "La participation paysanne à la gestion des grands périmètres irrigués : l'exemple du périmètre de Thiagar dans le delta du fleuve Sénégal." Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT005A.
Full textKamara, Saliou. "Développements hydrauliques et gestion d'un hydrosystème largement anthropisé : le delta du fleuve Sénégal." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00965106.
Full textSy, Mouhamadou Mounirou. "La protection constitutionnelle des droits fondamentaux en Afrique : l'exemple du Sénégal." Toulouse 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU10006.
Full textDoing research on the constitutional protection of the fundamental rights in Africa with the Senegalese legal system as a case study may appear as a pledge. This can be explained in we know that the balance sheet of the human rights is one of the most overwhelming. As in many states with a constitutional justice, in Senegal, that protection is the outcome of a long historical evolution bearing the mark of a political will to set up a real state based on law. A significant constitutional rewriting movement started in sub-Saharan Africa at the end of the 1980’s. The Senegalese constituent assembly which is strongly inspirited by the French one appointed the constitutional counsel as the organ allowed to check the constitutionality of the acts of parliament and at the same time to check the protection of the fundamental rights. Those rights and liberties, rather linked with human rights and civil liberties, were given out in the constitutional texts. Moreover, the constitutional counsel is to sanction the breaking of rules. These rights were mentioned from the establishing of the general principal of equality and liberty which are the very foundation of the Senegalese system of constitutional protection. On the other hand, these rights are focussed by the fact that the cross-check of the constitutional judge is increasing steadily according to a given right. Thus, the Senegalese “wise men” set up a political case law based on a “set of constitutional texts” which may be heterogeneous. The way the constitutional counsel interprets texts reveals a certain legislative power to which the legislative activity is linked. Thus, we notice a transformation of the Senegalese legal and political order. But it still remains a constitutional democracy because of the constitution which is considered as a mile stone, an “act of parliament board”. The constitution became in fact a text that guarantees liberties and rights and less than a means to organise powers. That is the reason why we can assert that the Senegalese fundamental rights litigation goes beyond its time and represents itself as a “germination” and draws closer state of law and democracy. Human being is no longer at politics mercy. In addition, those rights and liberties are upheld by a constitutional counsel which is sometimes shy and sometimes daring. Indeed, through a case law that spread over public powers it draws the law knowledge way that leads to the triumph of the fundamental rights and the universal constitutional patrimony
ZAKI, MOUSSA. "Le controle des finances publiques dans les etats d'afrique noire francophone : l'exemple du niger et du senegal." Toulouse 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU10022.
Full textThe absence or the deficiency of supervision is one of the fundamental elements of the crisis faced by the post-colonial african state. This work proposes a study of the judicial, technical and institutional sectors of the inspection of public finances in the french-speaking black african states, with emphasis on niger and senegal as examples. Theoretically well-framed, this inspection, be it the doing of administrative organs or the parliament, or of financial authority, is limited by material, socio-cultural and political impediments. Generally, even when it's put to work, it's only a simple inspection of legality. The inspection of the sincerity of budgetary provisions, which is a prerogative of the parliament, is otherwise non existent, or at the least limited by the weakness of the methods of investigation that are used by the parliament's members. The administrative organs and bodies of control are confronted, in the carrying out of their duties, by the consequences of the status of their members, placed under authority, in a hierarchic order. The financial juridictions suffer from lethargy and the absence of specialized magistrates. In whole, apart from the insufficiency of material means, the basic problems of the nigerien and senegalese systems of inspection of public finances remain on one hand on the respect of the status of public funds, and on the other hand on the putting in place of effectives sanctions on irregularity, financial malpractices and derailment of public funds, brought to light by inspectors. The solutions reside either in the creation of an independant inspection body of which the members would be, in accordance with the status, out of the tangent of political affairs, or in the reformation of the systems, which would result in the removal of ties between inspection and political authority
El, Sayed-Ayoub Rima. "Pilotage de la performance : quelle modélisation par activités et processus ? : analyse de la convergence entre la qualité et le contrôle de gestion." Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT4019.
Full textFane, Oumar. "Élaboration d'un système de contrôle de l'espionnage industriel par la fonction contrôle de gestion." Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIME002/document.
Full textSeveral problems overwhelm organizations, but industrial espionage is becoming more and more important. Its consequences are catastrophic, ranging from the loss of colossal sums to the bankruptcy of certain companies. This research work, which is part of the disciplinary field of Management Sciences, particularly management control, aims to understand the process of controlling industrial espionage in organizations by developing a control system of industrial espionage by the management control function. After a literature review and a first wave of semi-directive interviews, which showed the limits of legal protections and management gaps of technical protections against industrial espionage, we constructed a theoretical model of the control process of industrial espionage by the management control function, which puts into interaction the imposed / free figures, the diagnostic / interactive control levers and their tools, and the six readjusted analysis dimensions. Then we developed a system of control of the industrial espionage by determining its tools and specifying its instrumentation in organizations. A second wave of semi-directive interviews was conducted to justify the relevance of this system with professional and academic management control specialists
Devigne, Michel. "Fragile contrôle : approche sociologique des efforts de contrôle dans trois organisations." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004IEPP0001.
Full textKalweit, Christian. "Fehlerhaftes Vorstands-und Aufsichtsratshandeln und dessen Sanktionierung durch Aktionärsklagen in Deutschland und Frankreich : Ökonomische, rechtsvergleichende und rechtspolitische überlegungen vor dem Hintergrund der US-amerikanischen Business Judgment Rule." Toulouse 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU10049.
Full textThe subject of the present study is as multi-faceted as it is complex : the deficient or incorrect actions of the executive board, board of directors and the supervisory board and the sanctioning thereof in German and French corporations. The thesis examines and analyses the most important forms of shareholders' suits regarding management control in German and French law. For German law, the work focuses mainly on averting lawsuits and claims for damages, while for French law the work concentrates on the "action individuelle" as well as on the "action sociale exercée ut universi" and "ut singuli". These rights to sue play an important role in the Corporate Governance of big stock companies. As a remedy under private law they may play a central part in the control of the management and supervisory bodies. The analysis of these rights to sue in Germany and France was undertaken also with a view to the US-American business judgment rule. The study is divided in three parts. In the first part it describes deficient or incorrect actions of the board of directors and the supervisory board and the sanctioning thereof in Germany. Furthermore, it compares German practice with US-American law and its shareholders' derivative suit. In the second part, it focuses on the French law and its regulations. Finally, in the third part, the thesis looks at the subject from an economic point of view and attempt to (positively) explain such rights to sue and to determine (normatively) how such rights should be formulated. The study closes with a summary of the most important insights gained
Kadet, Pierre Diégane. "Impacts écologiques et socio-économiques des stratégies de lutte anti-érosive dans la zone semi-aride du Sénégal. Le cas des départements de Thiès et de Tivaouane." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30054.
Full textIn Senegal, there has been a vast decrease in most vegetation and an exacerbation of erosion processes. These problems are the result of two things : the decrease in rain that has occurred since the 1960's and the effects of human manipulation of the soil, including an extensive use of the soil to grow peanuts, a lack of fertilizer, and the exploitation of wood (used for providing energy, building structures and producing hay. ) These activities have alterated significantly the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. This degradation is evidenced by gully erosion, the exposure of iron hardpans, the decrease in agricultural production, the increasing scarcity of wood for energy and construction, and the mass depature of rural inhabitants moving to the city. The traditional strategies of AEL (Agronomy and Environment Laboratory), although in some ways effective, have not been able to change the dynamics of soil erosion. Various organizations – using the AEL's most recent research – have developed cultural practices that are more in sync with the region's climate and soil. Their projects include the construction of sandbanks, dikes, compost pits and ploughings isohypses. Despite the fact that the above-mentioned measures were unable to stop erosion, they have contributed to the improvement of the region's soils in a number of other ways. Most notably, they have managed to: use rain water in a more effective way, offer better protection for agricultural soil, increase agricultural and forestal production and output, structure the land in villages more effectively, reinforce the place of the woman in the village community
Diop, Mamadou. "Les bilans hydriques des sols dans la moyenne vallée du Sénégal : contribution à l'étude des besoins en eau de la végétation." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010715.
Full textEnnajem, Cécile. "Evolution du rôle du contrôleur de gestion dans un contexte de contrôle de gestion." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00667925.
Full textBollecker, Marc. "Systèmes d'information différenciés et contrôle des services opérationnels : une analyse empirique des mécanismes organisationnels de contrôle et du rôle des contrôleurs de gestion." Nancy 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN22003.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to describe the impact of the combined use of physical and financial indicators by operational departments - that is, of differenciated information systems - on the latters' control procedures. The criticism aimed at financial data by researchers since the beginning of the 80s, and the limitations they denounced in physical data more recently, constitute the starting point of this reserach. They lead us to question the efficiency of the unificating mission of management control systems, and more specifically that of operational departments working from a distance. In order to tackle this issue, two lines of research have been selected : analysing organisational control mechanisms ; the role of management controllers. After having analysed and reviewed the literature on management control dealing with this issue, several theoretical standpoints have led us to put forward a model of propositions. To test this model, a quantitative survey was carried out by means of a questionnaire, on a sample of 81 firms in the Greater Eastern part of France, together with a qualitative survey carried out over the telephone with 36 companies from the same sample. The results show, above all, that the size of the company plays a major role in the control procedures of operational departments that have differenciated information systems. The study shows that comparatively to smaller forms, larger companies release non-financial indicators of results more frequently, in order to make it easier to identify problems of coordination between operational centres. The complexity of these malfunctions and the delayed release of the indicators may sometimes make it necessary for superiors to intervern, and to justify the intermediary activities of management controllers
Mballo, Tahirou. "Gestion des aires protégées en Afrique : étude de cas : protection de la nature dans le parc national du Niokolo Koba, Sénegal." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010630.
Full textGbaka, Alfred. "Contrôle de gestion et stratégie : déterminants et réalités du processus de contrôle stratégique : Une recherche exploratrice." Lille 1, 1996. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1996/50374-1996-233.pdf.
Full textA new king of literature has been developping for a few years now, advocating the necessity of implementing formal strategic control devices for maintaining performance in an incertain environmental context. All the works from this literature focus in conclusion on almost no practice of such devices within the entreprises. However, this works are questinable because of showing a simplistic and incomplete vision of the involved process. A more complete work leaning on the principle of field research method and based on a pragmatic conception anables ones to reveal the reality of practical experience which is rather diversified and which comprises variables degrees of sophistication. Three configurations of strategic control practices are identified : the first one gets closer to an "ideal" strategic control device, the second one shows a characteristic signed of transition situation, the third reflects a classic management control system on certain points
Colasse, Sophie. "Hôpital, Territoire, Santé : l'émergence d'un contrôle de gestion médicalisé ?" Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00732241.
Full textMetzger, Georges. "Le contrôle de gestion dans les organismes de formation." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010022.
Full textIn a fast moving environment, a global strategic approach is necessary, to surpass the usual distinction between the supply-side point of view (resource based) and the demand-side point of view (positionning based). Strategic management gives an answer to our problematic, by ensuring : 1). An adaptation of the entrepreneurial supply to the various types of demand ; 2). A correct and soft articulation between strategy and operational realizations ; 3). A junction of movement and coherence (which facilitates the adaptation of the structures, the empowerment of human resources and their complete involvement in action for the customer). A model is proposed, called MCVD, which makes the connection between : M. The mode of organization of the process of production - C. The characteristics of the products - V. The capacity and the volume of production - D. The nature and volume of the demand. This model is of some help in strategic decision making and in the piloting of the strategic process. At an end, the vivacity of the firm is preserved by weak signals management (i. E. Strategic piloting plus competitive intelligence). The application of weak signals management to the pearl harbor attack is analysed. In addition, this work proposes : - 11 case studies in various industries, - a survey of strategic practices in 30 firms of great size (in 1989 and 1996)
El, Baida Rania. "Gestion des incohérences dans les systèmes de contrôle d'accès." Artois, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ARTO0401.
Full textModelling information security policies is being an important task in many domains. We proposed a new access control system called OrBAC (Organization based access control). This system brings many solutions to the existing access control systems. For instance, OrBAC takes into account the context and is able to represent various kinds of privileges : permission, prohibition and obligation. However, this system does not deal with conflicts due to the joint handling of permission or obligation and prohibition policies. We dealt with the problem of handling conflicts in the OrBAC system, modelled by first order logic knowledge bases. We showed that approaches suggested for handling conflicts in propositionnal knowledge bases are not adapted for inconsistent first order knowledge bases. We proposed an approach in which we weak first order formulas responsible of conflicts
Garaudel, Pierre. "Court-termisme et gouvernance d'entreprise : l'influence stratégique du contrôle des dirigeants." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010009.
Full textAntoine, Stéphane. "Système intégré d'approches du contrôle vers la gouvernance conciliant l'économique et le social : cas du secteur de l'habitat social." Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/antoine_s.
Full textThe first part of the research have, for objectives from the principal bases of four disciplinary approaches of control : control of management, analyzes financial, internal audit and quality to succeed a global solution of control in terms of costs, performances and risks with the concepts of hidden costs-performances, societal costs-performances. Of this object of search for an integrated system of approaches of control, it is then to position compared to our field of study : the structure of management of social housing within the activity of the social housing and analyse the political dimension of the concept of governance associating the structure of management of social housing to its various actors. In the second part of the research, we propose a conceptualization of our integrated system of approaches of control in four dimensions : strategic, organisational, informational and instrumental. As for the third part of the research, it draws up the stages of implementation and the conditions of success of the management of a integrated system of approaches of contol towards an economic and social governance in the activity of the social housing following the structuring of our project of followed research-action. This book rests on a research-action lead during three years, as controller, in an important structure of management of social housing. An investigation adressed towards the french companies of social housing into their vision of the activity of the social housing cmes to supplement undertaken experimental search
Rosset, Marie-Minerve. "Gestion thermique optimale d'un bâtiment : contrôle d'un chauffage à faible inertie, contrôle des échanges extérieurs." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112067.
Full textThis thesis evaluates the advantages of a good thermal control of a building during the heating season. The aims nowadays are: 1) to bring down running costs by taking advantage of both solar energy and off-peak energy rates ; 2)to improve comfort by preventing excessive temperature oscillations. "Simple-Zone" and "Simple Energy-Source” cases are studied with the view to minimizing energy costs and discomfort. When control free, the thermal system (the building) is of linear type, but here two kinds of controls are used: a low inertia heater delivering instant power, and a mobile insulation device (shutter); there-fore the thermal system (building + heater + shutter) is modelized by a nonlinear low dimension state equation. In the first part of this work, only the action of the low inertia heater is taken into account. Modelization in this case results in a degenerated linear-quadratic equation with control constraints, whose optimization leads to better quality comfort. With intermittent occupation and off-peak energy rates, running costs can be cut by up to 25 %. In most realistic meteorological situations, optimal heating management does not anticipate on future meteorological inputs and therefore makes little use of the heat storage capacity of the building. The second part of this wok deals with a two dimension optimal control problem (i. E. Heater and shutters), which is a singular non-linear one, with control constraints. The insulation component of the control is shown to be "bang-bang", thus reducing heating optimization to a linear-quadratic type problem. In the case of a low inertia wall, optimal management of shutters, allows trapping of solar energy during mead season, while reducing night energy lasses, whereas thermal walls (i. E. High inertia walls) are efficient even in winter
Chiapello, Ève. "Les modes de contrôle des organisations artistiques." Paris 9, 1994. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1994PA090026.
Full textA control mode reduces degrees of freedom left to people in order to make an order, necessary to any project accomplishment, emerge; when artists want to have total freedom and are really reluctant to any idea of control. The dissertation thesis addresses the question of this apparent conflict between art and control, and tries to find its origins. Then we show that some control modes are particularly adapted to the most innovative artistic work: self-control, what we call "control by gift" which is very near coaching, an organic structure an dome specific shared values. We also show that arts organizations are not all controlled by the same means. It depends on the characteristics of their productions
Sy, Ibrahima. "La gestion de la salubrité à Rufisque (Sénégal) : Enjeux sanitaires et pratiques urbaines." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/SY_Ibrahima_2006.pdf.
Full textIn African growing cities, the question of healthiness arises with acuity. Indeed, the limited means of the public authorities do not make it possible to carry out investments in adequacy with the demand for services of healthiness. Thus, the urban development is accompanied by a phenomenon of acute insalubrity in theses cities. Rufisque does not escape this situation which confers it the reputation of the unhealthiest city of Senegal. To approach the question of healthiness, we chose to use indicators like diarrhoeal diseases effects on children from 0 to 5 years. Epidemiologic results what is to say the incidence of the diarrhoeas show heterogeneous medical situations which are the various expression of the multiple urban environments met in the city. The differential exposure to this pathology results from a patchwork of convergent factors which interact inside each specific urban environment to form a system. With the description of a high level contamination of the children, our result have consolidated the generally accepted idea of an unhealthy city and transcended the various town representations of healthiness. By showing the link between the various medical situations and the dynamic managing, our approach actually only reveals differences of management from one area to another. These latters show then that the city is marked by all kind of changes of urban societies, changes that are analysed with healthiness as a revealing toll
Akian, Marianne. "Méthodes multigrilles en contrôle stochastique." Paris 9, 1990. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1990PA090021.
Full textPedra, Lucile. "Progiciels de gestion intégrés et processus de contrôle de gestion : essai d'analyse et d'approche empirique." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20146.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to study the links between the installation of ERP and the management control process. It is in particular a question of looking in which measure the various facets of control evolve further to the introduction of an ERP. It is mutually a question of wondering about the way the control process direct possibly the introduction and the evolution of ERP. The combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods suggests a bigger autonomy of the operational managers in the access to the data. ERP seem to allow them to elaborate, more completely and in a more reliable way, the performances representations necessary to manage their center of responsibility. ERP so entail a wider and better understood diffusion of management control terms in organizations. The operational managers seem to remain nevertheless sometimes dependent on management controllers to understand or interpret the data, indeed to coordinate with the other executives. Freed from routine tasks of data collection, the management controllers seem to be so brought to direct more strongly choices in management of the middle managers. The installation of ERP so tends to clarify and to develop the role of translator and agent of the management controllers