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Journal articles on the topic 'Contrôle direct du couple'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Monmasson, Eric, Ahmad Ammar Naassani, and Jean-Paul Louis. "Extension du concept de contrôle direct du couple par MLI vectorielle." Revue internationale de génie électrique 4, no. 3-4 (December 30, 2001): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rige.4.333-341.

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2

Naassani, Ahmad Ammar, Eric Monmasson, and Jean-Paul Louis. "Contrôle direct du couple et du flux rotorique d'une machine asynchrone." Revue internationale de génie électrique 8, no. 3-4 (August 30, 2005): 509–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rige.8.509-539.

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3

Chapuis, Y. A., D. Roye, and S. Courtine. "Commande directe du couple d'une machine asynchrone par le contrôle direct de son flux statorique." Journal de Physique III 5, no. 6 (June 1995): 863–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp3:1995165.

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4

Belhadj, Jamel, Anis Sallami, and Wiem Ben Mabrouk. "Les observateurs à mode glissant pour le contrôle direct en couple d'une machine asynchrone. Intérêt et amélioration de la structure." Revue internationale de génie électrique 9, no. 2-3 (June 30, 2006): 209–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rige.9.209-233.

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5

Suchting, Steven, Catarina Freitas, and Anne Eichmann. "L’angiogenèse passe sous contrôle du couple Delta-Notch." médecine/sciences 23, no. 4 (April 2007): 347–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2007234347.

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6

Grisanti, Giulia, Davide Caprini, Giorgia Sinibaldi, Chiara Scognamiglio, Giulia Silvani, Giovanna Peruzzi, and Carlo Massimo Casciola. "A Microfluidic Platform for Cavitation-Enhanced Drug Delivery." Micromachines 12, no. 6 (June 3, 2021): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12060658.

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An endothelial-lined blood vessel model is obtained in a PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) microfluidic system, where vascular endothelial cells are grown under physiological shear stress, allowing -like maturation. This experimental model is employed for enhanced drug delivery studies, aimed at characterising the increase in endothelial permeability upon microbubble-enhanced ultrasound-induced (USMB) cavitation. We developed a multi-step protocol to couple the optical and the acoustic set-ups, thanks to a 3D-printed insonation chamber, provided with direct optical access and a support for the US transducer. Cavitation-induced interendothelial gap opening is then analysed using a customised code that quantifies gap area and the relative statistics. We show that exposure to US in presence of microbubbles significantly increases endothelial permeability and that tissue integrity completely recovers within 45 min upon insonation. This protocol, along with the versatility of the microfluidic platform, allows to quantitatively characterise cavitation-induced events for its potential employment in clinics.

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7

Huet, Sylvestre. "La presse et le nucléaire, couple infernal." Reflets de la physique, no. 60 (December 2018): 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/refdp/201860041.

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L’information des citoyens, tout comme le rôle de contrôle et de contre-pouvoir que la presse incarne, ou devrait incarner, trouve dans le nucléaire une dimension supplémentaire. En effet, la technicité de la matière oblige à un effort d’explication et de médiation scientifique pour aider les citoyens à former leur opinion. Pour autant, l’Histoire a montré que dans le domaine du nucléaire la presse a joué ce rôle avec difficulté, jusqu’à arriver à des cas avérés de désinformation.

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8

Le, Hien T. Ngoc, Jinsoo Park, and Sungbo Cho. "A Probeless Capacitive Biosensor for Direct Detection of Amyloid Beta 1-42 in Human Serum Based on an Interdigitated Chain-Shaped Electrode." Micromachines 11, no. 9 (August 21, 2020): 791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11090791.

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Amyloid beta (aβ) 1-42, a peptide that is 1-42 amino acids long, is a major component of senile plaques in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Aβ detection has become an essential antecedence to predict the declining mental abilities of patients. In this paper, a probeless capacitive biosensor for the non-Faradaic detection of aβ 1-42 peptide was developed by immobilizing a specific anti-aβ antibody onto a self-assembled monolayer functionalized interdigitated chain-shaped electrode (anti-aβ/SAM/ICE). The novelty and difference of this article from previous studies is the direct detection of aβ peptide with no redox probe ((Fe(CN)6)3−/4−), which can avoid the denaturation of the protein caused by the metallization (binding of aβ to metal ion Fe which is presented in the redox couple). The direct detection of aβ with no redox probe is performed by non-Faradaic capacitive measurement, which is greatly different from the Faradaic measurement of the charge transfer resistance of the redox probe. The detection of various aβ 1-42 peptide concentrations in human serum (HS) was performed by measuring the relative change in electrode interfacial capacitance due to the specific antibody-aβ binding. Capacitance change in the anti-aβ/SAM/ICE biosensor showed a linear detection range between 10 pg mL−1 and 104 pg mL−1, and a detection limit of 7.5 pg mL−1 in HS, which was much lower than the limit of detection for CSF aβ 1-42 (~500 pg mL−1) and other biosensors. The small dissociation constant Kd of the antibody-antigen interaction was also found to be 0.016 nM in HS, indicating the high binding affinity of the anti-aβ/SAM/ICE biosensor in the recognizing of aβ 1-42. Thus, the developed sensor can be used for label-free and direct measurement of aβ 1-42 peptide and for point-of-care diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease without redox probe.

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9

Jiang, Haobin, Xijia Chen, Yifu Liu, Qian Zhao, Huanhuan Li, and Biao Chen. "Online State-of-Charge Estimation Based on the Gas–Liquid Dynamics Model for Li(NiMnCo)O2 Battery." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020324.

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Accurately estimating the online state-of-charge (SOC) of the battery is one of the crucial issues of the battery management system. In this paper, the gas–liquid dynamics (GLD) battery model with direct temperature input is selected to model Li(NiMnCo)O2 battery. The extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm is elaborated to couple the offline model and online model to achieve the goal of quickly eliminating initial errors in the online SOC estimation. An implementation of the hybrid pulse power characterization test is performed to identify the offline parameters and determine the open-circuit voltage vs. SOC curve. Apart from the standard cycles including Constant Current cycle, Federal Urban Driving Schedule cycle, Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule cycle and Dynamic Stress Test cycle, a combined cycle is constructed for experimental validation. Furthermore, the study of the effect of sampling time on estimation accuracy and the robustness analysis of the initial value are carried out. The results demonstrate that the proposed method realizes the accurate estimation of SOC with a maximum mean absolute error at 0.50% in five working conditions and shows strong robustness against the sparse sampling and input error.

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10

Lavanchy, Anne. "Quand l’administration fait le couple par le corps." Emulations - Revue de sciences sociales, no. 32 (April 18, 2020): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/emulations.032.06.

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Que révèle du lien conjugal l’analyse de la gestion administrative du mariage et de ses effets légaux ? En analysant le travail des officiers d’état civil en Suisse, cet article présente trois constats. Il montre d’abord que dans le cadre du dépistage des unions dites de convenance, les couples « mixtes » font l’objet d’un contrôle accru : l’accès que permet le mariage à la naturalisation facilitée met en évidence les effets attendus, mais invisiblisés au quotidien, du lien conjugal. Dans le sillage des nouvelles études de la parenté, il permet dans un second temps de comprendre les substances qui circulent entre les conjoint·e·s – l’amour et les substances sexuelles. Enfin, faire couple ne relève pas simplement de l’ordre de la loi, mais aussi de celui de la nature : le lien conjugal révèle la nature malléable des femmes. Le corps à corps avec des époux étrangers peut changer leur appartenance nationale, qui se voit attribuer une volatilité problématique.

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11

Monney, Matthieu. "Le jeu du contrôle ou le contrôle du jeu : le discours direct et la participation dans l’interaction orale." SHS Web of Conferences 78 (2020): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20207801022.

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Si le discours rapporté direct (DD) est un dispositif commode pour (re)gagner le contrôle sur la parole ainsi que sur la présentation de soi et de l’autre, il apparaît en même temps comme un lieu privilégié de participation pour les auditeurs ou interlocuteurs. Le contrôle de la représentation se présente ainsi comme un enjeu capital de l’échange langagier, et l’on peut en distinguer deux modes de gestion opposés, que nous appelons la « chasse ouverte » et la « chasse gardée ». Ces configurations antagonistes de l’économie discursive et interactionnelle se jouent à la fois sur la circulation de la parole, sur la répartition des rôles communicationnels, sur la relation interpersonnelle ainsi que sur le mode de construction de la représentation.

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12

Larsen, Anders Foller, and Trond Ulven. "Direct N9-arylation of purines with aryl halides." Chem. Commun. 50, no. 39 (2014): 4997–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cc48642g.

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13

Chabadec, Michel, Guillet Coulomb, Jean-Claude Guignard, and Patrice Delacnchy. "Contrôle du couple tension-durée de charge d’un condensateur chargé à partir d’un convertisseur DC/DC." Revue internationale de génie électrique 4, no. 3-4 (December 30, 2001): 237–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rige.4.237-254.

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14

Chen, Xi Mei, Shovan Barma, Sio Hang Pun, Mang I. Vai, and Peng Un Mak. "Direct Measurement of Elbow Joint Angle Using Galvanic Couple System." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 66, no. 4 (April 2017): 757–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2017.2654138.

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15

Li, Tatsien, and Bopeng Rao. "Une nouvelle approche pour la synchronisation approchée d'un système couplé d'équations des ondes : contrôles directs et indirects." Comptes Rendus Mathematique 354, no. 10 (October 2016): 1006–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crma.2016.08.005.

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16

Ilicic, Alan B., David P. Wilkinson, Khalid Fatih, and Francois Girard. "High Fuel Concentration Direct Liquid Fuel Cell with Redox Couple Cathode." ECS Transactions 16, no. 2 (December 18, 2019): 1549–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2981995.

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17

Chandgadkar, Siddharth, Mark Costello, Bertrand Dano, James Liburdy, and Deborah Pence. "Performance of a Smart Direct Fire Projectile Using a Ram Air Control Mechanism." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 124, no. 4 (December 1, 2002): 606–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1514666.

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The effectiveness of a direct fire penetrator projectile equipped with an actively controlled ram air actuation mechanism is investigated through dynamic simulation. The ram air control mechanism consists of a rotary sleeve valve which directs air flow from an inlet in the center of the nose to side ports. The coupled dynamics of the projectile, inertial measurement unit, and flight control system are included in the system model. This work shows that a ram air control mechanism provides sufficient control authority to significantly reduce dispersion of a direct fire penetrator, even in the presence of moderate levels of sensor bias and noise.

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18

Kim, Deuksung, Yoona Kwon, and Siyuan Xin. "The Effects of Enjoyable Couple Activity and Common Dyadic Coping on Marital Satisfaction through Mediation of Sexual Intimacy: Focusing on Urban Chinese Women in the Early Years of Marriage." Family and Environment Research 59, no. 1 (February 19, 2021): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.6115/fer.2021.004.

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The present study examined whether enjoyable couple activity and common dyadic coping as daily positive couple interactions have direct or indirect effects on marital satisfaction through the mediation of sexual intimacy among urban Chinese women in the early years of marriage. The subjects were 182 urban women born under the one-child policy, who live in Heilongjiang, Anhui and Beijing provinces of China, and have been married up to six years. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. We conducted a hierarchical multiple regression analysis in SPSS software and tested the significance of the mediation effects using bootstrapping method in Mplus software. The results of the study are as follows. First, both enjoyable couple activity and common dyadic coping had positive direct impacts on urban Chinese women’s marital satisfaction and positive indirect impacts on marital satisfaction via sexual intimacy. Second, enjoyable couple activity was the strongest predictor of marital satisfaction, followed by common dyadic coping and sexual intimacy. The path model explained 48% of the variance in marital satisfaction. The results suggest that enjoyable couple activity, common dyadic coping, and sexual intimacy should be considered in the design of interventions to enhance urban Chinese women’s marital satisfaction in the early years of marriage.

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19

Mathys, Gautier. "Direct Observational Evidence for Magnetic Fields in Hot Stars." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 169 (1999): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100071827.

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AbstractAttempts at achieving direct detections of magnetic fields in hot stars are reviewed. The techniques used in these observations and their analysis are described, with emphasis on the physical situations to which they are relevant. Results of projects carried out in the last couple of years are reported, and prospects for future investigations are briefly considered.

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20

Tritt, Terry M., Harald Böttner, and Lidong Chen. "Thermoelectrics: Direct Solar Thermal Energy Conversion." MRS Bulletin 33, no. 4 (April 2008): 366–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2008.73.

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The field of thermoelectricity began in the early 1800s with the discovery of the thermoelectric effect by Thomas Seebeck. Seebeck found that, when the junctions of two dissimilar materials are held at different temperatures (ΔT), a voltage (V) is generated that is proportional to ΔT. The proportionality constant is the Seebeck coeffcient or thermopower: α = −δV/ΔT. When the circuit is closed, this couple allows for direct conversion of thermal energy (heat) to electrical energy. The conversion effciency, ηTE, is related to a quantity called the fgure of merit, ZT, that is determined by three main material parameters: the thermopower α, the electrical resistivity ρ, and the thermal conductivity κ.

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21

Song, Jun-Feng, and Jia-Quan Chen. "Flow-injection biamperometric direct determination of calcium dobesilate in irreversible couple system." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 33, no. 4 (November 2003): 789–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0731-7085(03)00295-4.

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22

Ilicic, Alan B., David P. Wilkinson, Khalid Fatih, and François Girard. "High Fuel Concentration Direct-Liquid Fuel Cell with a Redox Couple Cathode." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 155, no. 12 (2008): B1322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2993981.

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23

Chen, Hui-Hua, Yi-Ching Liang, Susan C. Gapp, Lisa A. Newland, Jarod T. Giger, and Chunn-Ying Lin. "Direct and Indirect Links Between the Couple Relationship and Child School Outcomes." Journal of Experimental Education 85, no. 4 (March 2017): 658–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220973.2017.1279115.

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24

Kraemer, D., and G. Chen. "High-accuracy direct ZT and intrinsic properties measurement of thermoelectric couple devices." Review of Scientific Instruments 85, no. 4 (April 2014): 045107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4870278.

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25

Quévit, Michel. "Économie multinationale et contrôle gouvernemental : Le cas de la Belgique." Études internationales 16, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 323–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/701838ar.

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The article maintains that, with its long tradition of an open economy the State could not play the role of guiding the economic development of the country. The investment of foreign MNE in the Belgian economy has had major destabilizing effects in the regional structure: foreign direct investment was almost entirely done in Flanders. Simultaneously, the Belgian MNE disinvest in order to flee to the fiscal heaven of the neighbour Luxembourg. If the nation-state has played any role toward both foreign and local MNE, it has promoted multinationalization.

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26

Heald, C. L., D. A. Ridley, J. H. Kroll, S. R. H. Barrett, K. E. Cady-Pereira, M. J. Alvarado, and C. D. Holmes. "Contrasting the direct radiative effect and direct radiative forcing of aerosols." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 11 (June 4, 2014): 5513–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-5513-2014.

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Abstract. The direct radiative effect (DRE) of aerosols, which is the instantaneous radiative impact of all atmospheric particles on the Earth's energy balance, is sometimes confused with the direct radiative forcing (DRF), which is the change in DRE from pre-industrial to present-day (not including climate feedbacks). In this study we couple a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) with a radiative transfer model (RRTMG) to contrast these concepts. We estimate a global mean all-sky aerosol DRF of −0.36 Wm−2 and a DRE of −1.83 Wm−2 for 2010. Therefore, natural sources of aerosol (here including fire) affect the global energy balance over four times more than do present-day anthropogenic aerosols. If global anthropogenic emissions of aerosols and their precursors continue to decline as projected in recent scenarios due to effective pollution emission controls, the DRF will shrink (−0.22 Wm−2 for 2100). Secondary metrics, like DRE, that quantify temporal changes in both natural and anthropogenic aerosol burdens are therefore needed to quantify the total effect of aerosols on climate.

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27

Watanabe, R., M. Yamauchi, M. Sadakiyo, R. Abe, and T. Takeguchi. "CO2-free electric power circulation via direct charge and discharge using the glycolic acid/oxalic acid redox couple." Energy & Environmental Science 8, no. 5 (2015): 1456–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ee00192g.

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28

Jahnke, Justin P., Marcus S. Benyamin, James J. Sumner, and David M. Mackie. "Using Reverse Osmosis Membranes to Couple Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells with Ongoing Fermentations." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 55, no. 46 (November 14, 2016): 12091–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6b02915.

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29

TAHIRI, Fadila, Fatiha BEKRAOUI, Ibrahim BOUSSAID, Omar OULEDALI, and Abdelkader HARROUZ. "Direct Torque Control (DTC) SVM Predictive of a PMSM Powered by a Photovoltaic Source." Algerian Journal of Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development 01, no. 01 (June 15, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.46657/ajresd.2019.1.1.1.

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This article is part of the study of the Predictive Vector PWM-based Couple Direct Control (DTC-SVM-predictive) of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) powered by a photovoltaic (PV) source. The Direct Torque Control (DTC-SVM-Predictive) where the control of the switching frequency is well controlled and therefore the ripples are weakened at the torque and flux levels.

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30

Kushnir, Roman, Anatoliy Yasinskyy, Yuriy Tokovyy, and Eteri Hart. "Inverse Thermoelastic Analysis of a Cylindrical Tribo-Couple." Materials 14, no. 10 (May 19, 2021): 2657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14102657.

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Within the framework of the one-dimensional model for a tribo-couple consisting of two elastic cylinders accounting for the frictional heat generation on the interface due to the roughness of the contacting dissimilar materials, a problem on the identification of the unknown temperature on one of the limiting surfaces of either inner or outer cylindrical layers is formulated and reduced to an inverse thermoelasticity problem via the use of the circumferential strain given on the other surface. To solve the latter problem, a semi-analytical algorithm is suggested, and its stability with respect to the small errors in the input data is analyzed. The efficiency of the proposed solution algorithm is validated numerically by comparing its results with the solution of a corresponding direct problem. The temperature and thermal stresses in the tribo-couple are analyzed.

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31

Ambade, Vipul Namdeorao, Jaydeo Laxman Borkar, and Satin Kalidas Meshram. "Homicide by direct snake bite: a case of contract killing." Medicine, Science and the Law 52, no. 1 (November 25, 2011): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/msl.2011.011020.

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It has been estimated that five million snake bite cases occur worldwide every year, causing about 100,000 deaths. Snake bite is exclusively accidental in nature. Suicide by snake bite is very rare and homicidal snake bite is not reported. In the present case, a contract killer was hired, who used a poisonous snake to kill an elderly couple by way of direct snake bite. We believe this to be the first case reported where a snake was directly used for the murder of two victims through a contract killer.

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32

Mas, Sabine. "Caractéristiques de schémas de classification personnels des documents administratifs électroniques : éléments d’analyse et de discussion." Documentation et bibliothèques 55, no. 1 (March 11, 2015): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1029047ar.

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Les employés d’un organisme utilisent souvent un schéma de classification personnel pour organiser les documents électroniques qui sont sous leur contrôle direct, ce qui suggère la difficulté pour d’autres employés de repérer ces documents et la perte possible de documentation pour l’organisme. Le premier objectif de notre recherche doctorale était de décrire les caractéristiques de 21 schémas de classification utilisés par des employés de l’Université de Montréal pour organiser et classer des documents administratifs électroniques. La caractérisation de schémas de classification personnels nous a permis d’approfondir notre connaissance des schémas de classification personnels sur les plans structurel, logique et sémantique. Les résultats révèlent plusieurs caractéristiques communes à une majorité de schémas de classification personnels dont leur macrostructure étendue, leur structure peu profonde, complexe et déséquilibrée, le regroupement par thème, l’ordre alphabétique des classes. L’identification de traits communs suggère un certain décalage entre les caractéristiques des schémas de classification personnels et les caractéristiques des schémas de classifications institutionnels, conçus par des professionnels de la gestion des documents et des archives. Ce décalage permet de mieux comprendre la réticence de certains employés à utiliser les schémas de classification institutionnels pour l’organisation des documents administratifs électroniques qui sont sous leur contrôle direct.

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33

An, L., T. S. Zhao, X. L. Zhou, L. Wei, and X. H. Yan. "A high-performance ethanol–hydrogen peroxide fuel cell." RSC Adv. 4, no. 110 (2014): 65031–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra10196k.

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We propose to create the cathode potential by introducing a redox couple to the cathode while using hydrogen peroxide to chemically charge the redox ions, which eliminates the mixed potential associated with direct reduction of hydrogen peroxide.

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34

Xie, Tinghan, Bing-Chang Wang, and Jianhui Huang. "Robust linear quadratic mean field social control: A direct approach." ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations 27 (2021): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cocv/2021021.

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This paper investigates a robust linear quadratic mean field team control problem. The model involves a global uncertainty drift which is common for a large number of weakly-coupled interactive agents. All agents treat the uncertainty as an adversarial agent to obtain a “worst case” disturbance. The direct approach is applied to solve the robust social control problem, where the state weight is allowed to be indefinite. Using variational analysis, we first obtain a set of forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs) and the centralized controls which contain the population state average. Then the decentralized feedback-type controls are designed by mean field heuristics. Finally, the relevant asymptotically social optimality is further proved under proper conditions.

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35

Thiriat, Marie-Paule. "Les unions libres en Afrique subsaharienne." Articles 28, no. 1-2 (March 25, 2004): 81–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/010260ar.

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RÉSUMÉ Vouloir appliquer le concept d'union libre à l'Afrique ajoute au risque permanent d'ethnocentrisme sur le thème de la nuptialité et de la famille. Pourtant, la question fondamentale que pose l'union libre est celle des compromis entre les aspirations de l'individu et du couple d'une part et les contraintes communautaires et de droit d'autre part. Au Togo, le développement de la sexualité prénuptiale, l'individualisation croissante du choix du conjoint et l'évolution des procédures d'entrée en union témoignent de l'affaiblissement progressif du contrôle familial sur la conclusion des unions. La progression des unions informelles, souvent sans cohabitation des partenaires, renvoie à des effets probables de la crise économique, à une certaine précarisation de la vie sociale. Mais la crise n'est pas seule en cause. La vie en ville et l'accès à l'école, à l'emploi hors de la famille et aux médias favorisent l'acquisition d'une certaine autonomie féminine dont ces changements de comportement sont révélateurs. Ils sont le signe d'une modification des rapports entre hommes et femmes.

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36

Lei, Ting, Yue Min Gao, Guang Yan Chen, and Hao Zhou. "Electrical Contact Property of AuNi9/AuCuAgZn Sheet Tribo-Couple." Key Engineering Materials 667 (October 2015): 274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.667.274.

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Gold-based alloys are widely used in electrical contact environment which requires small contact resistance, and friction pair components consisting of electrical contact has a direct impact on the properties of electrical contact. In this thesis, an experiment of AuNI9 brushes/AuCuAgZn gold sheets in a organization is designed to show the elastic properties of the brush, friction pair wear properties and environmental adaptability of the contact resistance, whose result indicates that the elastic properties of the brushes are stable, alloy sheets mainly produce wear when the brushes and gold sheets are used in matched pair and environmental assessment tests do not significantly increase the degree of wear of the friction pair components in low load condition.

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37

Brown, A. M., and L. Birnbaumer. "Direct G protein gating of ion channels." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 254, no. 3 (March 1, 1988): H401—H410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1988.254.3.h401.

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Guanine nucleotide binding (G) proteins couple a variety of receptors to ionic channels. Until recently the pathway was thought to be indirect via cytoplasmic second messengers; now the heterotrimeric G proteins are known to act directly on K+ and Ca2+ channels. Here we summarize recent developments concerning this widespread mechanism which we call G protein gating of ion channels. A specific pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein called Gk, purified from human red blood cells, activates a unique K+ channel and Gk, or a similar G protein, couples this channel to muscarinic atrial receptors. The alpha-subunit (alpha k) at less than 10 pM mediates the effects, and alpha k also activates K+ channels directly in neurosecretory cells. The G protein stimulatory to adenylyl cyclase, Gs, gates directly through its alpha-subunit, specific Ca2+ channels in heart and skeletal muscle T tubules. Hence, one G protein can have two distinct effectors.

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38

Wang, R., T. E. Keyes, R. Hage, R. H. Schmehl, and J. G. Vos. "Direct evidence for electrochemically induced, reversible, proton transfer involving a quinone/hydroquinone redox couple." Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, no. 21 (1993): 1652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c39930001652.

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39

Devignes, J., P. Y. Le Pennec, D. Gien, L. Mannessier, and Ph Rouger. "Test direct à l'antiglobuline et élution directe : bilan d'un contrôle de qualité d'Établissements de Transfusion Sanguine." Transfusion Clinique et Biologique 3, no. 4 (January 1996): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1246-7820(96)80003-6.

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40

Masuda, Senichi, Shunsuke Hosokawa, Naoji Tachibana, Takashi Ando, and Yoichi Matsumoto. "Fundamental Behavior of Direct-Coupled Submicrosecond Pulse Energization in Electrostatic Precipitators." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications IA-23, no. 1 (January 1987): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.1987.4504876.

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41

Titov, Arkadiy, Anna Sandulyak, Mikhail Baharev, and Alexander Sandulyak. "Measurement of the Actual Contact Area of Details by the Power of a Reflected Light Beam Directed to a Contact Surface Covered with a Film." ITM Web of Conferences 22 (2018): 01014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20182201014.

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Measurement of the actual area of details contact is important for control of friction and wear of such details. For this purpose, in particular, on a surface of one of details of couple covered with the thinnest layer of lubricant the thin film of coal is putted. On the raised dust surface impose the second detail of couple and squeeze them the application of normal loading. Light spots of contact are measured by planimetry. Instead of direct (labor-consuming) measurement of a large number of the areas of spots of contacts it is expedient to use integrated determination of the actual area of details – on the power of the beam of light reflected from ledges of a contact surface. The optical scheme of the device is developed, the efficiency of which for implementation is shown. Measurement of the actual area of details contact is important for control of friction and wear of such details. For this purpose, in particular, on a surface of one of details of couple covered with the thinnest layer of lubricant the thin film of coal is putted. On the raised dust surface impose the second detail of couple and squeeze them the application of normal loading. Light spots of contact are measured by planimetry. Instead of direct (labor-consuming) measurement of a large number of the areas of spots of contacts it is expedient to use integrated determination of the actual area of details – on the power of the beam of light reflected from ledges of a contact surface. The optical scheme of the device is developed, the efficiency of which for implementation is shown.

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42

Yatani, A., and A. M. Brown. "Regulation of cardiac pacemaker current If in excised membranes from sinoatrial node cells." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 258, no. 6 (June 1, 1990): H1947—H1951. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1990.258.6.h1947.

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We have proposed that voltage-gated ionic channels are regulated by receptor-guanine-nucleotide binding (G) protein pathways that are membrane delimited (direct) or cytoplasmic (indirect). Since indirect pathways are known to couple muscarinic and beta-adrenergic receptors to hyperpolarization-activated current (If) channels, we tested our hypothesis that direct pathways might also be present by measuring If currents in rabbit sinoatrial node cells using the gigaseal patch clamp method. Whole cell If currents were increased by the beta-agonist isoproterenol (Iso) and decreased by the muscarinic agonist carbachol (Carb) at rates that were similar to the rate at which carbachol increased muscarinic K(+)-acetylcholine channel (K+[ACh]) current in the same cells. K+[ACh] currents are directly gated by a G protein, and the results therefore supported our hypothesis. Much stronger support came after we established for the first time that If could be recorded from excised inside out membrane patches in the absence of cytoplasmic substrates. Under these conditions Iso increased and Carb decreased cell-free patch If provided guanosine 5'-triphosphate and Mg2+ were present. Thus G proteins couple autonomic receptors to If within the plasma membrane, probably by a direct action.

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43

Reinwein, Joachim. "Le temps est-il un indicateur fiable de la difficulté de lecture du texte / de son traitement cognitif par le lecteur?" Revue québécoise de linguistique 25, no. 1 (May 1, 2009): 145–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/603129ar.

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RÉSUMÉ Dans les techniques d’auto-présentation segmentée (APS), le texte à lire est présenté de sorte que le lecteur ne voit, à la fois, qu’une partie plus ou moins restreinte. L’affichage du segment textuel à l’écran étant sous contrôle direct du lecteur, le laps de temps de chaque segment est censé indiquer le degré de complexité des processus de compréhension (ou le degré de difficulté du texte). L’expérience ci-après, menée auprès de lecteurs de 3e et 5e années d’une école primaire à l’aide d’une nouvelle technique d’observation en direct, montre qu’on ne peut se fier au seul indice de temps, au risque d’arriver à des conclusions clairement contre-intuitives.

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44

Pinas, Jovanka, Sun Wei, Tetelesti Oppong-Baah, Elina Kim, Mabel Addai, Isaac Owusu, Edward Gyamfi, et al. "Assessing a Causal Relationship Between Foreign Direct Investment and Human Capital: The Case of the Netherlands." International Business Research 13, no. 1 (December 27, 2019): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v13n1p247.

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Foreign direct investment is seen by many countries as an important source of capital. The flow of foreign direct investment in the world has been increasing over the past couple of years and many countries have adopted various institutional policies with the hope of attracting more foreign direct investment. Besides capital, these countries also get to benefit from the other advantages that these investments bring with them, such as the newest technology and managerial skills. FDI, besides boosting capital formation, also increases the quality of capital stock. Countries can only reap all the benefits of foreign direct investment if they have a sufficient amount of human capital. Human capital is seen by many researchers as one of the most important determinants of FDI. With the world becoming more knowledge-based and globalized the importance of human capital became very significant not only to individuals, but also to countries in their competitive advantages. The purpose of this research is to find out what the relationship is between foreign direct investment and human capital in the Netherlands. The Netherlands is a small country in Europe which has been a global leader in the inflow and outflow of FDI the past couple of years. This study uses the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test and the Johansen cointegration test to determine whether or not there is a causal relationship between the variable’s foreign direct investment and secondary school enrollment, which is used as a proxy for human capital. The study observed that there is no causal relationship between foreign direct investment and human capital in the Netherlands. The inflow of human capital into the Netherlands is determined by other factors.

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Froudiere, Isabelle, and Françoise Larue. "Détermination par épifluorescence des levures vivantes dans le moût de raisin." OENO One 22, no. 3 (September 30, 1988): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.1988.22.3.1737.

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<p style="text-align: justify;">Le dénombrement direct des microorgasnismes par épifluorescence, appliqué dans l'industrie laitière (PETTIPHER <em>et al</em>., 1980), dans le vin (COÛTES et JOHNSON, 1980) et dans le contrôle des eaux (DELATTRE, 1986) est présenté comme une méthode rapide et fiable. Il nous a semblé intéressant de vérifier, si elle était utilisable pour suivre la population levurienne au cours de la fermentation alcoolique.</p>

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46

Vernon, Ryamond. "Le contrôle gouvernemental des entreprises multinationales : Le cas des États-Unis." Études internationales 16, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 303–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/701837ar.

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The article is a case study of the relationship between the American government and US multinational corporation. It argues that while the state - MNE relationships vary from country to country, the US pattern is one of a very limited transnational role for government. Main factors in this pattern are the division of powers between the various branches and agencies of the US government, and changes in administrative staff following each national election. Few cases of government effort at business guidance are found: antitrust policy, foreign aid to friend governments, ineffectual protests again nationalisation of foreign subsidiaries of US MNE, exceptional cases of purposeful intervention, and the US adherence to international guide lines to MNE conduct sponsored by OECD. The article studies in more detail the case of oil, in which the US government is supposed to have intervened in a more direct way. The article concludes that US foreign policy is too complex to be understood simply in terms of government support of US multinational abroad. Besides us industry and the American government are themselves too split to produce a single and homogeneous pattern of policy.

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Sahoo, Bismaya, Mohammad Biglarbegian, and William Melek. "Monocular Visual Inertial Direct SLAM with Robust Scale Estimation for Ground Robots/Vehicles." Robotics 10, no. 1 (January 26, 2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics10010023.

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In this paper, we present a novel method for visual-inertial odometry for land vehicles. Our technique is robust to unintended, but unavoidable bumps, encountered when an off-road land vehicle traverses over potholes, speed-bumps or general change in terrain. In contrast to tightly-coupled methods for visual-inertial odometry, we split the joint visual and inertial residuals into two separate steps and perform the inertial optimization after the direct-visual alignment step. We utilize all visual and geometric information encoded in a keyframe by including the inverse-depth variances in our optimization objective, making our method a direct approach. The primary contribution of our work is the use of epipolar constraints, computed from a direct-image alignment, to correct pose prediction obtained by integrating IMU measurements, while simultaneously building a semi-dense map of the environment in real-time. Through experiments, both indoor and outdoor, we show that our method is robust to sudden spikes in inertial measurements while achieving better accuracy than the state-of-the art direct, tightly-coupled visual-inertial fusion method.

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Hughes, Claire, Rory T. Devine, Judi Mesman, and Clancy Blair. "Parental well-being, couple relationship quality, and children's behavioral problems in the first 2 years of life." Development and Psychopathology 32, no. 3 (July 24, 2019): 935–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419000804.

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AbstractAdverse effects of early exposure to parental mood disturbance on child adjustment have been documented for both mothers and fathers, but are rarely examined in tandem. Other under-researched questions include effects of changes over time in parental well-being, similarities and contrasts between effects of parental mood disturbance on children's internalizing versus externalizing problems, and potential mediating effects of couple relationship quality. The current study involved 438 couples who reported symptoms of depression and anxiety at each of four time points (i.e., last trimester of pregnancy and 4, 14, and 24 months postbirth). Mothers and fathers also rated their couple relationship quality and their child's socioemotional adjustment at 14 months, as well as internalizing and externalizing problems at 24 months. Latent growth models indicated direct effects of (a) maternal prenatal well-being on externalizing problems at 24 months, and (b) paternal prenatal well-being on socioemotional problems at 14 months. Internalizing symptoms at 24 months showed only indirect associations with parental well-being, with couple relationship quality playing a mediating role. Our findings highlight the importance of prenatal exposure to parental mood disturbance and demonstrate that, even in a low-risk sample, poor couple relationship quality explains the intergenerational stability of internalizing problems.

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Jung, Jong-Jin, and Seong-Ho SaKong. "A Study on the Performance of Fire Extinguishing of the Waterworks Direct Couple Sprinkler System." Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 11, no. 5 (October 31, 2011): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2011.11.5.207.

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50

Kan, Wang Hay, Alfred Junio Samson, and Venkataraman Thangadurai. "Trends in electrode development for next generation solid oxide fuel cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 46 (2016): 17913–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta06757c.

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High temperature electrochemical devices, such as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), will play a vital role in the future green and sustainable energy industries due to direct utilization of carbon-based fuels and their ability to couple with renewable energies to convert by-products into valuable fuels using solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs).

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