Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Contrôle monétaire'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 46 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Contrôle monétaire.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Aguessy, Amédée. "Contrôle de l'émission monétaire et union monétaire ouest africaine." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100177.
Full textAt their early independency, the African nations from the "zone franc" assembled themselves into monetary unions. One of them, the West African monetary union (umoa) concerns seven countries essentially agricultural with low income its achievement is based upon conventional clauses between: the African nations of umoa (a common currency and thosuing institute, all those states and France due to the existence of an "operating account" in the French treasury. Even though the mechanisms of the "operating account" in favor the African countries are very complex to apply; the conventional clauses allow France to have enormous privileges. Particularly, the permit France to participate in the choice of the monetary policy instruments, to be member of the administration bureau of bceao and he have the right of veto. Bceao is under the control of French treasury and umoa is no more than a "hunting zone". The instruments of the monetary control copied on the French model are quite the same in all the member states. They don't always take into account the African specifies; the diversities of economic situations, the diversities banking institutions predominated by the foreign banks. Finally, the crisis and instability of the international financial markets the excessive creation and the generalizing fluctuation of the main currencies of transaction precisely us dollar, perturbed seriously the monetary management of the African countries. The imported inflation, the external debt and the systematical imf'measures-gainst which those countries have no solution, constitute a brake for their development and a major cause of poverty. In front of such defavorizing structure it would be better to have a new monetary union without France. A union where each member state will have its national currency and issuing institute. The whole being under the control of a supranational bank issuing a common currency for all the member states. He will represented the union in front of the foreign countries an IMF
Tosello, Cédric. "Analyse comparative de la création monétaire dans plusieurs pays industrialisés (France , Grande-Bretagne, Etats-Unis) : justification des politiques monétaires de lutte contre l'inflation par le contrôle de la création monétaire." Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE0053.
Full textStudying the monetary creation allows to judge the efficiency of the monetary actions led by the Central Banks during this last decade. These have chosen to conduct policies aiming at price stability essentially through the control of the money supply in order to guarantee a steady and durable growth. Through a three case study (France, Great-Britain, United-States), the relevance of these objectives will be tested by identifying which instruments are at the monetary authorities' disposal to control the monetary creation and if they hold such a power. Besides, the validity of the monetary aggregates intermediate target is based on a relationship between money and prices which will be necessary to enlighten. Finally, is the price stability set by the final goal enough to ensure a sustained growth ?
Scannavino, Aimé. "Allocation des ressources financières : contrôle monétaire et cycle de crédit." Paris 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA020090.
Full textThis thesis has for subject the integration of credit in economic analysis. This theme is treated first in the perspective of financial rationing phenomena, secondly through the relations between credit and economic activity; study is conducted in the economic cycle viewpoint. Consequences for monetary policy are, at last, infered
Mougin, Fanny. "Gouvernement d'entreprise et environnement légal." Besançon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BESA0008.
Full textGuigou, Jean-Daniel. "Allocation et contrôle du capital social : les différents rôles des banques-actionnaires." Nice, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NICE0003.
Full textThe main aim of this thesis is to "evaluate" the impact of banks and other financial intermediaries on firms' real and financial decision. This "evaluation" wants to be both descriptive and prospective. Indeed, not only are advandec the means that banks possess to influence the economy, but also how to extend and to make them more efficient. This "evaluation" wants to be also comparative. Intermediated (indirect) finance has both advantages and inconvenients with respect to direct finance. Chapter 1 arguen that firms hold money and liquid assets to avoid external financial constraints, resulting from asymetrical information on capital markets, to be effective. These liquidity problems seem to be inexistant for firms with a close relationship with a bank-cum-stockholder. Chapter 2 suggests that banks are better suited than shareholders to solve the problems related to the separation between ownership and control of modern firms. Prematuratef and inefficient liquidation decisions are fewer when a bank-cumstockholder controls the firm in a situation of financial distress. Chapter 3 holds that the relationships of exclusivity between a bank and a form are based on omplicit arragements that cross-shareholdings between the two parties reinforce, and act on the investment horizon of firms
Najder, Elisabeth R. "Le contrôle des changes en Pologne et le problème de la convertibilité." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989IEPP0013.
Full textThe dissertation gives an overview of exchange control in Poland for the period 1918-1989. The first subject discussed is the alternationg inter-war periods of a system of exchange control inherited from the first wold war, the introduction of convertibility (1922-1924) and the reintroduction of exchange conrol in the years World War II (1936-1939). There follows a description of exchange control which was maintained for the post-war period during the years 1944-1980, with an account the unification of the Polish monetary system in 1944-1945 and the return to exchange control legislation which reached its peak in 1952. This was followed by a period of easing-off during the years 1954-1980. The damage caused by maintaining an artificial rate for the Polish zloty, and the search of pragmatic arrangements with partial remedies for its non-convertibility along with the isolation of Poland from the world market are brought out. The effects of the Polish economic reform of 1982 on exchange control are presented in the next part, together with the partial abolition of the foreign trade monopoly and the introduction of more flexible echange control for companies (through the retention quotas for earmarket hard currency)- these along with the introduction of partial convertibility for private individuals. The future of the introduction of convertibility is studied in the last part, taking into account the disequilibrium in the balance of payments and the possible effects of adopted economic reforms. The external and internal equilibrium of the Polish economy can, however, come about only after the introduction of market mechanisms and, int the short term, after a major reduction of Polish hard currency debt
Moudio, Jean-Pierre. "Effet d'annonce et contrôle monétaire dans un cadre de marchés efficients : analyse du cas américain de 1976 à 1985." Paris 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA020055.
Full textThis survey sets out the problem of the efficiency of monetary control procedures within a framework of chronic money disturbances. Through a deep analysis of the us case for the period beginning in 1976 and ending in 1985, we come to the final result that the most suitable solution for the dual objective of low inflation and interest rates stabilization is a combination of a strict control of borrowed reserves and a contemporaneous accounting of all the reserves
Elobo, Roger Claude. "Le contrôle de la réglementation prudentielle de la microfinance : Cas de la CEMAC (Communauté économique et monétaire de l'Afrique centrale)." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0047/document.
Full textMicrofinance has evolved over the years. Insignificant until the 1990 in the Central Africa Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC) it became the tool used by the World Bank to fight poverty. Combined with poorly codified legal context and exclusive economic policies, its development and rapid expansion was marked by lawlessness and bankruptcies with negative consequences on the economies and moral of populations and clients using microfinance institutions (MFIs).Aware of political issues and encouraged by the experts of the World Bank, the CEMAC Heads of States, sought solutions to regulate this sector by entrusting to the Banking Commission of Central Africa (COBAC) mission to build a regulatory framework and ensure supervision.Despite this regulation, the MFI failure rate remains high which suggests that there are structural flaws that undermine the applicability of the text and/or the exercise of proper supervision.From an empirical study built around sample of microfinance organisations, it is highlighted shortcomings allowing identifying appropriate strategies to address them.The study did not take into account MFI customers’ assets as a risk factor to justify the cautious regulation. This shows that MFIs have an imperfect data not adapted to group loans with joint responsibility and renewed individual loans. Therefore, it encourages focus on the regulation and supervision practices.This microfinance regulation in the CEMAC tends to conform to international prudential standards. But it turns out that it requires corrections for efficiency and effectiveness
Varoudakis, Aristomène. "Régulation monétaire et politique budgétaire : une analyse des stratégies expérimentées aux Etats-Unis de 1980 à 1984." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR10031.
Full textMoyum, Kemgni Georgette. "Le contrôle des finances dans les pays de la zone CEMAC." Bordeaux 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR40038.
Full textCountries of CEMAC zone, despite natural ressources at their disposal have not yet succeed in starting their growth. At least, to a certain extent, this lack of rising could be due to a shortage in the treasury inspection. The treasury inspection in this area is marked by a superposition of administrative, juridictional and parlementary controls which as a matter of fact are all under the yoke of the president of the Republic. The president of the Republic, who behaves like a "boss" giving out allowances to numerous "dependants", does not foster liability nor the care of public money. Confronted with the complexity of their assignments, inspectors are under equipped to cope efficiently with their missions. As a matter of fact, there are not always well trained and have not the proper means at their disposal. The juridictional carried out by Audit offices are slow to be effective, despite their founding. The new public management could be a opportunity bedcause it brings the apprehension of accountability, frankness and clearness straight to the core of public management
Gounou, Zimé Kora. "Etude des systèmes de contrôle financiers publics dans l'espace de l'Union Economique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine : l'exemple de la République du Bénin." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010273.
Full textNo English summary available
Sangaré, Mamadou. "Le contrôle de l'activité des établissements de crédit dans les pays de l'Union économique et monétaire des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100049.
Full textThe study of realities inherent in the control of credit establishments' activities in West africa economic and monetary Union's countries demonstrates the embryonic nature of such establishments. First, because of the relatively recent establishment of credit institutions in these countries. Second, because of the institutional environment as well as the economic and monetary policies' inconsistencies. Finally, due to deficiencies in credit establishments' control mechanism, it is necessary to consider reforms of the Central bank, Banking commission, and the National credit committees. Furthermore, it is important to implement new coherent monetary policies in order to better control credit establishments in these countries, while adopting the new Mc Donough ratio which is in development
Tshiani, Noël K. "Indépendance des banques centrales, obligation de rendre compte et incidence sur la politique monétaire : application au cas de la République Démocratique du Congo." Paris 9, 2000. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090008.
Full textChen, Jinzhao. "Le régime de change dans la réforme chinoise." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100186.
Full textThis thesis provides an analysis of exchange rate regime in China in transformation. Through three empirical studies, which constitutes each a chapter, we propose three empirical analysis on i) the equilibrium exchange rate of RMB and its misalignments for the period 1994 to 2007; ii) the effectiveness of capital controls in China; iii) the impact of real exchange rate of RMB on the disparity of economic growth of China's provinces. The main results of this thesis are as follows: At first, during the Asian financial crisis and during the years 2001-2002, the RMB was overvalued. It was undervalued only for the recent period from 2003 to 2005, with a misalignment limited to 8%; we also found a slight overvaluation after the introduction of the new exchange rate regime in 2005. Secondly, the de facto intensity of capital controls increases over time, even during the period of financial turbulence of 2007-2008. Moreover, the slightly slower speed of adjustment to the threshold of no-arbitrage implies that capital controls are still effective. However, both indicators of flow (the composition of capital flows and capital flight) show that capital controls are not always effective and the financial account is porous. Thirdly, our results showed that not only the factors such as the investment, the natural growth rate of population and human capital have an impact on growth, but also an appreciation of real exchange rate would stimulate economic growth of China's provinces
Constans, Daniel. "L’Union européenne et le contrôle des finances publiques des Etats." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0179/document.
Full textThis study is structured around the observation of a gap between the pursuit of apolitical project of a federal nature, the single currency, and implementation tools based onbelonging to a centralized state, the ante budgetary control. This situation results first of lackof trust between them, but the use of tools unsuitable for purpose generates numerousmalfunctions and feeling, for lack of a sufficiently strong association of national parliaments ofa "power of Brussels" seeking to assert itself against the will of the states and their peoples.three texts were introduced [the "six pack", the "Two pack" and the Treaty on Stability,Coordination and Governance in the Economic and Monetary Union (TSCG)] in EuropeanUnion economic coordination that are no longer only indicative and the possibility for the EUto indicate to the structural reforms that these countries must undertake in areas that do notbelong to the field of competence of the European Union raised for the jurist many questionson both the doctrinal foundations of the European Union and on the institutional mechanismsimplemented
Camenen, Marie-Hélène. "Le contrôle de la population par la politique de l'or et des monnaies au Paraguay : de la période coloniale à la guerre de la Triple Alliance (1536-1870)." Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20031.
Full textFrom the Conquest until the War of the Triple Alliance the population of Paraguay did not benefit from total liberty. Under the Crown, the objective was to send the maximum of funds back to Spain; after Independence it became a matter of developing the necessary means to govern the country. In order to do this, the governing authorities developed a gold and monetary policy based on legislation and taxation. By means of legislation, they imposed frameworks and laws to which the inhabitants were obliged to conform. The fiscal system made it possible to tax people, their wealth and their goods. By this means the authorities were able to control the population by taxation, while the taxes favoured or penalised the development of trade, according to the policies of the higher authorities. At the same time they scrutinised the movements of precious metals and money. The administrative services took care of applying and enforcing the decisions of the State. The population had no choice but to obey the directives prescribed by the higher authorities
Gassiat, Paul. "Modélisation du risque de liquidité et méthodes de quantification appliquées au contrôle stochastique séquentiel." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00651357.
Full textAndré, Marine Charlotte. "Implications of adaptive learning for the design of optimal monetary policy." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAB004.
Full textThe dissertation studies the implications of private agents expectations formed with adaptive learning for the optimal monetary policy using New Keynesian models. The obtained results are compared with the literature adopting the hypothesis of rational expectations. The central bank makes the intertemporal trade-off between stabilizing current inflation or the future one that is introduced by adaptive learning expectations. The distortion which is introduced by this latter makes the monetary policy more aggressive, even if the presence of financial market slightly reduces the aggressiveness of the monetary policy. It is optimal for the government to choose a liberal central banker, but this result may be mitigated by adopting a linear inflation contract. Another result is that it is optimal for the central bank to be less instrument-independent compared to rational expectations. The possibility of robust control for monetary policy is limited by adaptive learning in a closed economy, and even more limited in an open economy. My research works give new recommendations for policy making
Lamandé, Maxime. "Gestion des flux financiers internationaux et politique macro-prudentielle." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1G012/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to contribute to the analysis of the effect of policies aimed at curbing the risks associated with financial instability. The investigations carried out are theoretical (DSGE model) and empirical. In an open country macroeconomic framework, two dimensions must be taken into account. The external dimension is covered by the policy of prudential capital controls. Because of its selective nature, this type of policy can help reduce external imbalances that do not fall within the macroprudential scope. The latter addresses the internal dimension and seeks to internalize the overall risk resulting from the investment choices of resident agents. The analysis of the internal coordination of these two types of macro-prudential measures and prudential controls is essential to ensure their effectiveness. In addition, the potential effects of international spillovers that may result from prudential regulation policies must be studied before validating the use of such policies. We find that macroprudential policies seem to offer better results in terms of financial stability, price stability and economic performance than capital controls. However, prudential capital controls have their role to play, especially with regards to excessive credit growth. The application of prudential controls, when credit growth becomes excessive, can indeed help mitigating the overheating of the financial system and reducing the gap between economic and financial cycles. Therefore, as a negative shock occurs, its economic consequences should be lessened. Then, the optimal policy turns out to bethe one combining monetary and prudential policy, led by a joint agency that makes decisions on monetary and prudential policies. Prudential policies are all the more necessary as cross-border lending is important. Finally, the effects of prudential policies on other countries encourage more international or regional cooperation in this area
Ngambou, Djatche Melchisedek Joslem. "Stabilité financière et coordination des politiques économiques." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ0002.
Full textThis thesis proposes an analysis of the triangle formed by monetary policy, prudential policy and bank’s risk-taking. Accordingly, this thesis aims to study the effects of monetary policy on banks’ risk-taking and to determine the conditions for monetary and prudential policy coordination in order to ensure the stability of the banking sector and the solvency of financial institutions. At the macroeconomic level, we also assess the impact of this coordination on domestic credit and on the expected cost of bank failure. The first chapter reviews the literature on theoretical and empirical analysis of the risk-taking channel, and the analysis of the issue of monetary policy coordination with prudential policy. This literature review reveals that the effects of monetary policy on bank risk-taking are not one-sided, calling into question our knowledge of the monetary risk-taking channel. Similarly, this chapter suggests that the nature of monetary and prudential policy coordination is not unique. The second chapter is devoted to an original empirical study on the risk-taking channel of monetary policy. Using a panel threshold model, we show that monetary policy has different effects depending on the "monetary regime" in which monetary policy is conducted. Thus, a fall in interest rates leads to more risk-taking if monetary policy is considered loose (interest rate below the Taylor rule rate). Conversely, when monetary policy is considered as restrictive (interest rate above Taylor’s rule rate), a decrease in interest rate reduces banks risk level. The third chapter examines the impact of monetary policy on bank’s risk according to the nature of prudential policy. Using a partial equilibrium model, we determine conditions under which monetary policy, in presence of a risk sensitive capital requirement ratio, would lead the bank to take more risk. The results show that the effects of monetary policy on banking risk are not independent of the nature of microprudential policy. The objectives of financial stability and reduction of the cost of a bank failure, taken together, makes it possible to identify situations in which it is necessary to complement the microprudential tool with a macroprudential one. However, macroprudential intervention, which comes at the expense of financing the economy, is not always effective in limiting the costs of bank failure
Campmas, Alexandra. "Institutional environment and bank behaviour : the case of European banks." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0193.
Full textWe study two policies that are key to shaping the institutional environment and that can therefore influence banks' behaviour, namely monetary and macroprudential policies.In the first Chapter, we evidence the existence of the bank risk-taking channel of (un)conventional monetary policy in Europe. We show that the latter is nonlinear, i.e., the effects of monetary policy interest rates (the total assets on the balance sheet of central banks) on banking risk are stronger below (above) a certain threshold.The second Chapter mainly explores the nexus between the low interest rate environment and bank profitability. Our findings suggest that monetary policy’s main instrument adversely affects net interest margins, but its effect on overall profitability is unclear. Nevertheless, when policy interest rates are particularly low, it seems that European banks succeed in increasing their profitability despite a compression of their net interest income.In the third Chapter, we examine the role of macroprudential tools in a turbulent institutional environment. The outbreak of the COVID-19 is likely to worsen households' and businesses' capacity to pay off their debt. The Chapter bridges the gap between the flexible use of macroprudential tools and their yet unknown effects in the event of a shock to risk premia of mortgages and corporate loans. Both our empirical and theoretical models corroborate that an ease scenario of macroprudential policy allows mitigating the adverse effects stemming from such a shock. In particular, the DSGE model shows preference for relaxing the Loan-to-Value ratio over the Capital Requirement Ratio
Fouejieu, Azangue Armand. "Financial Stability and Inflation Stabilization." Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE0503/document.
Full textThe 2008/2009 global financial crisis has revived the debate on the concern for financial stability in themonetary policy-making, stressing the need to reconsider the role of central banks in ensuring financialstability. The crisis has also pointed some flaws in the existing (micro) prudential regulation and therelevance to move toward a broader regulatory framework aiming to prevent systemic risk. This thesis isbuilt upon these issues. It investigates the extent to which financial stability may be of particular concernin a context where the main monetary policy objective is inflation stabilization (typically, in an inflationtargeting regime –IT–). It further assesses how the macroprudential framework and monetary policy canbe articulated to ensure the best outcome in terms of macroeconomic and financial stability (Chapter I).The conclusions derived from this work suggest that, faced with the recent global financial turmoil,inflation targeting central banks have been more able to mitigate the shock, certainly thanks to higherpolicy credibility (Chapter II). However, we evidence that IT countries (especially in EMEs) are morefinancially vulnerable than their non-IT counterparts, despite central banks’ response to financial risks(Chapter III). Following the latter conclusion, we investigate more closely the effectiveness of the leaningagainst the wind strategy. We show that such a policy response generates trade-offs between thefinancial and macroeconomic stability objectives of the monetary authorities. The best stabilizationoutcome is achieved when an effective macroprudential framework is implemented, combined withhigher central bank’s concern with financial risks (Chapter IV). Furthermore, we show that in EMEsITers, foreign exchange interventions are used to mitigate their financial vulnerability to external shocks,although the IT regime requires a fully floating exchange rate regime (Chapter V)
Pradines-Jobet, Florian. "L’influence du cadre et de l’orientation des politiques macroéconomiques sur la stabilité du système bancaire." Thesis, Orléans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ORLE0503.
Full textThis thesis analyses the effects of the policy framework and the stance of macroeconomic policies through three essays. The first chapter investigates how the stringency of macroeconomic policy frameworks impacts the cost of systemic banking crises. We show that by combining discipline and flexibility, some policy arrangements that are based on constrained discretion, can significantly reduce the output losses related to banking crises. The second chapter focuses on the influence of the central banks' preferences on the banking sector vulnerability. The econometric analysis shows that a high degree of central bank conservatism increases banking system instability. Finally, the third chapter empirically assesses how effective macroprudential policies are in curbing banking credit growth, and whether their effectiveness is affected by monetary policy conditions. The results show that a tightening in macroprudential policies reduces credit growth in a more effective way when monetary policy is restrictive. We therefore confirm the need for coordination between macroprudential and monetary policies
Erimée-Chanteur, Manuella. "L'entrée payante dans le contrat." Thesis, Antilles, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ANTI0171/document.
Full textThis study intends to theorize the application of admission charge into contracts. It can be regarded as a preliminary and decisive monetary obligation imposed upon one of the parties, determining the finalization of the contract. The union of several pre-contractual duties under this sole term allows to put forward a unified vision of the question before going into particularities. De facto, admission charge is subject to various manifestations and so are its justifications. «Engagement» or «supplementary» pre-contractual monetary obligation issues continue to arise regarding the validity of these obligations in accordance with the principle of freedom of contract. While there can be no denying the existence of legal instruments likely to ensure its regulation, it remains inefficient nonetheless. Henceforth, creating a general standard to regulate such practices ought to be seriously considered
Zoure, Daouda. "La modernisation du cadre budgétaire des pays de l'UEMOA." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010265/document.
Full textThis research relates to the transformation of budgetary framework of West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) countries. It is a question of evaluating the extent of the budgetary reforms undertaken in each respective country. The research has tried to highlight the necessary installation of certain standard devices as well as adapting proven reliable procedures not just for certain zones of specific countries but also other countries confronted with similar issues. This exercise was based on existing international comparisons and the evaluation examined the relevance of the solutions suggested in particular by the financing institutions
Beck, Nicolas. "L'évolution du cadre institutionnel de la régulation prudentielle." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020079.
Full textWith the announcement of the creation of an European banking union, the evolution of institutionnal framework of prudential supervision is currently at the center of political debates. The draft reform provides for the devolution of a significant part of prudential supervision of financial enterprises to the European central bank. The potential conflicts of interest which might be generated in the framework of the determination of monetary policy and the implementation of prudential supervision have often been underlined by critics of the integrated regulatory model within issuing institutions. However, both reciprocal influences and complementarity in the exercice of the missions of monetary stability and financial stability by the central banker might tend to justify the adoption of such measures. The concentration of monetary and prudential powers within central banks would imply, though, for those latter to satisfy the principle of democratic legitimacy, this while keeping some degree of independence from the political power. The conciliation between these two requirements would seem necessary assuming that central banks would be set to exercise an increasingly important role within the financial sphere. More extensively, perhaps the secret of the design of an optimal institutionnal framework in the area of financial and monetary supervision lies in the search for this balance. Might insufficiencies highlighted in supervisory models be overcome by setting up a world system of central banks in charge of prudential supervision?
Augey, Dominique. "Liberté bancaire contre centralisation bancaire : l'offre de monnaie reconsidérée." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX32030.
Full textSince the contribution of barro and gordon (1983), central bank's independence is viewed as a necessary ans sufficient condition for bank's credibility, to avoid dynamic inconsistency and for monetary stability. But, recent public choice's analysis (specially, alesina and cukierman) shows that independence hides an occult dependence (using governors' remuneration, nomination. . ). So, it's legitimate to look at free banking as an alternative solution to the institutional problem of monetary supply. Free banking was successful in scotland, england and others countries. One can imagine, according to hayek, to restore this system and go further gold standart using private inconvertible competitive monies (so called private fiat monies). In that case, the system is based on confidence (no more on direct, like in the selgin-white model or indirect convertibility like in the black-fama-hall-yeager proposal) and does not need deposit insurance
Diao, Badiaw. "La nouvelle comptabilité publique au sein de la zone UEMOA." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100116.
Full textThe deepening crisis in public finances places public financial information at the heart of public policy management. As such, under the impetus of technical and financial partners, the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) adopted a second harmonised public finance framework in 2009, after the 1997 one. A new public accounting system, close to that of the private sector, is promoted by a series of directives. The major innovation remains the promotion of accrual accounting for member states. It is based on international standards, notably the West African Accounting System (WAAS). The only limit lies in the specificity of the State. The nature of public accounting is fundamentally changing. It is captured as financial information system that must guarantee regular, sincere and faithful public accounts. In this respect, the study uses an analytical approach and applied to the national legal and accounting orders to demonstrate that the movement towards regionalization of WAEMU legal standards is indicative of the creation of an autonomous public accounting law based on a new conception of the production of financial information
Qin, Li. "Uncertainty, robust control and optimal monetary policy design." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR1EC06.
Full textThis thesis analyze the conduct of monetary policy in the presence of uncertainty. By adopting the framework proposed by Hansen and Sargent (2003), we analyze the behaviors of monetary authorities and private agents when faced with various sources of uncertainty, as well as their consequences in terms of macroeconomic performances. Our work shows that, in order to guard against the possibly catastrophic results of the worst-case scenario, central bankers have to react in an active manner, by manipulating the interest rate. However, in an open economy, the magnitude of this adjustment decreases with the degree of openness. Also, greater transparency of the central bank's objectives, by reducing preference uncertainty, will attenuate the variations of macroeconomic variables that follow the consideration of possible erroneous specifications. It is thus advisable to reveal informations about the central bankers' preferences, including their own estimates of the degree of model uncertainty
Trimua, Eninam Massia Christian. "Le gel des avoirs monétaires et financiers en droit international : contribution à l'étude des contre-mesures." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT3019.
Full textOuedraogo, Djibrihina. "L’autonomisation des juridictions financières dans l’espace UEMOA : étude sur l’évolution des Cours des comptes." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40035/document.
Full textAfter the access in their independence, the French-speaking African states have taken the device of control of public finances inspired by the French organic ordinance of January 2, 1959. But, The system implemented has not produced the expected results. In fact, most institutions of control have been ineffective or inefficient.The Chambers of Auditors of Supreme Courts, which had to fulfill the functions of the French Court of Auditors, have had a theoretical and textual existence.To boost financial jurisdiction, the WAEMU treaty signed in 1994 obliges the Members States to the creation of an independent Court of Auditors instead of the Chambers of Auditors of the Supreme Courts. This organic empowerment of the judicial institution of control would allow him to get a status and adequate resources to fulfill its mission of judicial control of public finances. A decade after creation of the first Courts of Auditors, the aim of this study is to get an overview of the reform
Monahov, Alexandru. "Trois essais sur la supervision prudentielle du système bancaire." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR0025/document.
Full textThis thesis aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the effects of prudential supervision (a component of banking system regulation) on the stability of the banking sector, the soundness of financial institutions and, at a macro-economic level, its impact on domestic credit. The adopted research methods facilitate the integration of heterogeneity at the systemic and individual-agent levels into the analysis. Bayesian estimation techniques are used in the empirical part, whereas the theoretical sections utilize agent-based modeling. The first chapter studies the effects of prudential supervision on domestic credit in 27 EU countries. The results show an increase in supervisory stringency to produce a positive effect on credit in countries with unified supervisory frameworks. The second chapter investigates the effects of prudential supervision coupled with “traditional” regulatory tools on bank resiliency and profits under long-lasting crisis conditions. Taxes are found to be the most efficient tool as they potentiate long-term profitable bank operations and adaptation to the crisis. The third chapter provides a case-study of a complex financial fraud that took place in Moldova in 2011-2015. An agent-based model that replicates the schemes is constructed to study the optimality of the Central Bank’s decision to not intervene. The results show that early intervention wouldn’t necessarily have minimized the financial losses of the banking sector, but that the Central Bank could have improved the outcome of the crisis by intervening when the exposure of the banking sector to the fraudsters was minimal
Tonguet-Papucci, Audrey. "Evaluation de transferts monétaires saisonniers et pluriannuels pour la prévention de la malnutrition aiguë : le projet MAM’Out." Thesis, Paris, Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2017. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02948478.
Full textChild wasting is a public health issue but evidence gaps remain concerning preventive strategies not primarily based on food products. Cash transfers, increasingly implemented in emergency and developing contexts, have the potential to prevent under-nutrition by acting on several underlying causes including food insecurity, access to basic services and goods. However, to date, no study with a strong design explored the link between seasonal unconditional cash transfers (UCTs) and the prevention of acute malnutrition. UCTs were proven to have positive effects on food availability and food access. Inconsistent evidence was reported concerning the effects of UCTs on the quality of children’s diet, health care and psychosocial well-being of families benefiting from UCTs. In this framework, the MAM’Out research project was launched to assess the effects of multiannual seasonal UCT targeted to women on the prevention of child acute malnutrition in rural areas of Burkina Faso. In this two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial, one group benefited from cash transfers via mobile phones during 5 months yearly and the other arm was a comparison group. Qualitative data were collected each month of the cash transfer period for two years among various participants. The two main declared domains of expenses were food and health care for the child and the whole family. The program was also associated with positive perceived changes at the household level, mainly related to gender equality and improvement of women’s status, and favored the social integration of the poorest at the community level through cash sharing. Unexpected reported effects of this program included increased pregnancy plans of some women. The effect of cash transfer on diet quality was assessed using two 24h-dietary recall surveys carried out in July and August 2014 on a subsample of children from both arms. Results showed that seasonal UCT are associated with improved child’s diet among 14 to 29-month old children, particularly higher consumption of animal products, higher intake of iron rich or iron fortified food and higher fat and vitamins B12 intake compared to the control group. No difference was found for energy and protein intake between both groups. Moreover, two third of the children from the cash group had an adequate minimum dietary diversity compared to only one third in the control group. However, children from both groups had a suboptimal quality of diet during the lean season. Besides, anthropometric measurements and morbidity were recorded on quarterly basis for more than two years. Children in the intervention group had a lower risk of self-reported respiratory tract infection compared to children in the control group. However, neither the number of cumulative episode of wasting nor the end point anthropometric markers of nutritional status differ between children from the intervention and control group. Seasonal UCT should be considered when looking at actions to improve child’s diet in the framework of safety net programs. As far as the reduction of child wasting is concerned, an integrated approach combining cash and one or several other components identified as a key factors leading to acute malnutrition in the region should be preferred
Bagane, Lotfi. "Les attaques spéculatives contre les régimes de changes fixes : cas du SME en 1992-1993." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020018.
Full textAugoyard, Marc. "Les procédures de révision des traités de l'Union Européenne : Contribution à l'étude de la rigidité en droit de l'Union Européenne." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30033.
Full textSingle European Act, Maastricht, Amsterdam, Nice, Lisbon, enlargements… Over a 25-year period, the major revisions of the European Union treaties followed one another at an intensive pace. If that series is necessary for a progressive process of integration, it also illustrates the challenge of reforming the Union. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of rigidity of the European Union Treaties by searching the legal causes, obstacles and consequences of the (in)adaptability of the treaties. Rigidity originates from the constitutionalisation process of the treaties, which consolidated their formal and substantial protection through the emergence of limits to the revision power. The rigidity of the treaties is further increased by that of the ordinary revision procedure, which is based on two notions that may appear antinomic: the respect of the Member States sovereignty (through the plurality of the national mechanisms of ratification), and the willingness of democratisation (through the emergence of European mechanisms of legitimacy). In order to facilitate the adaptability of the treaties, the Member States established simplified procedures, which complement and derogate to the general procedure. As they do not significantly differ from the ordinary revision procedure, they are not efficient; a reconsideration of the rigidity of the treaties can then be observed through the development of an implicit revision of their provisions as well as a cooperation between Member States, the intensity of which is differentiated, and which may grow beside the Union’s institutional framework. Therefore, the pursuit of efficient ways to relax the rigidity of the treaties is necessary to maintain both their position within the legal order and the unity of the European integration process within the framework of the European Union
Diakhate, Serigne. "La lutte contre la délinquance économique et financière dans l'Union Economique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine (UEMOA) et dans l'Organisation pour l'Harmonisation du Droit des Affaires en Afrique (OHADA) : état des lieux et perspectives." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D007/document.
Full textEconomic and financial criminality, constituted by all illegal activities, which can be committed individually, in companies or organized groups, has different methods of action than those of violation of common law. Most often, they are committed by clever means (trickery), fraudulent (false for example), by the exploitation of trade secrets or confidential data (insider trading), requiring knowledge and know-How of the business world, or even financial engineering against individuals, companies, the State or international organizations. Most often, their finality is the search for easy gain. therefore dirty or black money is the fruit of illegal or criminal activities. This money is at the center of economic and financial crime. It is the driving force behind it. This is one of the reasons why the fight against this form of crime must have as main objective the seizure of assets of criminal origin. In this sense, we have made in these study proposals for reform in the penal codes and criminal proceeding of the States belonging to the WAEMU-OHADA sphere and to include disposal enabling effective seizure. This issue of seizure of assets of illicit origin shows how difficult it is to fight this form of delinquency. Because today, the action of States taken individually to fight this scourge, has lost its effectiveness. Therefore, the treatment of this delinquency should necessarily involve a harmonization of the criminal business law of the OHADA and a standardization of the economic and financial criminal law of WAEMU. However, this battle at Community level is not without some difficulty, to the extent of that the member states of these two organizations do not wish to abandon the power to draw up criminal sanctions against Community incriminations applicable in their territory to the benefit of the community institutions. From where the necessity to take account of the need to harmonize criminal law rules penalties against community law violations. on the one hand and the imperative of respect for State sovereignty on the other, even if these two imperatives are difficult to reconcile. At all events, in order to make efficient the fight against this criminal phenomenon, the current plan of action must evolve towards new and more appropriate instruments. Thus, are typologies of measures relating to criminal law in form and substance proposed at both national and regional level. Indeed, a fight envisaged at a single level is in advance tied to failure. It is thus necessary to establish real judicial cooperation in the WAEMU-OHADA area for an effective fight against economic and financial crime in this area
Quincey, Sylvio. "La supervision bancaire dans l'Union Européenne : essai de contribution pour une zone de supervision optimale." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO30063.
Full textFor the supervisor, an historical approach of banks allows to better assimilate its ways of functioning. She also serves to better understand why her actors, always endowed of the confidence to develop business, sometimes, show an over-optimism leading to their ruin. The mobilization of the law guides the action of the banking control. The 2007-2008 crisis has provoked awareness in Europe: the impossibility for every member state of the Union to exercise individually an effective supervision without a total harmonization. So was born the construction of the MSU. Located in Frankfurt, the “supervision unique” has been working since November 4th, 2014. But the road map assigned to the supervision a new and more diversifiable field. For sure, the MSU is skilled enough, but is there a will to change the European Union into a “zone de supervision optimale”?
Ngomo, Obiang Renaud Fernand. "La sécurité du système bancaire africain : contribution à la modernisation de la régulation bancaire dans la CEMAC." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF10426.
Full textThe resurgence of banking and financial crises up the issue of financial security at the center of major policy issues of economic regulation. Indeed, the so-called subprime crisis and subsequent fiscal crises there, and the Cyprus crisis with a sense of public defiance that resulted, one may suggest that financial security will save the financial industry in spite of herself. This issue, more pragmatic moreover, seems to resonate more in law, unlike that of financial stability that appears rather subjective or incantatory. In Central Africa, as in the legal systems of Roman- Latin tradition, the question of financial security shall first the legal status of bank depositors, their place in the legal order of payment of creditors in the event of failure. But the question of the security of the banking system as interest credit institutions themselves, not simply because of the risky nature of their processing activities, but mainly because of the existence of systemic risk exacerbated by financial engineering. The question of safety arises therefore not simply in terms of protection of individual players , but more in terms of preservation or backup tool called economic banking and / or financial
Tahir, Muhammad Naveed. "Essays on Inflation Dynamics and Monetary Policy in a Globalized World." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO22025/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to analyze the impact of globalization on the dynamics of inflation and monetary policy in a globalized world. It consists of three essays.In the first essay we investigate the impact of financial globalization on the behaviour of inflation targeting emerging market economies with respect to exchange rate – Do central banks respond to exchange rate movements or not? We use quarterly data for six emerging market inflation targeting economies from the date of their inflation targeting adoption to 2009 Q4. The chapter uses small open economy new Keynesian model à la Gali and Monacelli (2005), and employs multi-equation GMM technique to investigate the relationship. We find that the response of central bank to the exchange rate in case of Brazil, Chile, Mexico and Thailand is statistically significant while insignificant for Korea and Czech Republic. Theoretically, it should not be so as even under flexible inflation targeting central bank responds to inflation deviation and output gap; we think that the peculiar characteristics of emerging markets, like fear of floating, weak financial system and low level of central bank credibility make exchange rate important for these economies. In the second essay we investigate empirically the relative importance of monetary transmission channels for Brazil, Chile and Korea. This chapter uses monthly data from the inception of inflation targeting regime to 2009 M12. We use a SVAR model incorporating the main monetary transmission channels combined together instead of individual channels in isolation. The empirical results indicate that the exchange rate channel and the share price channel have higher relative importance than the traditional interest rate and credit channel for industrial production. The results are not much different in case of inflation, except for Korea. The high ranking of exchange rate and share price channel is in line with the results by Gudmundsson (2007), which finds that exchange rate channel might have overburdened in the wake of financial globalization.In the third chapter we investigate empirically the role of openness – real and financial – on the inflation dynamics of Brazil, Chile and Korea. The chapter uses monthly data from the inception of inflation targeting regime to the end month of 2009. In this chapter we employ the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) technique. We use imports to GDP ratio as an indicator for real openness whereas Chinn and Ito index (KAOPEN) and total assets plus total liabilities to GDP ratio form the data set of Lane and Milesi-Ferretti are two proxies for financial openness. The chapter concludes that there exists, generally, a positive relationship between real openness and inflation. However, in case of financial globalization the results are inconclusive as they are sensitive to measurement method of financial globalization
Ba, Boubacar Demba. "Finances publiques et gestion par la performance dans les pays membres de l'UEMOA : étude de cas du Sénégal." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0062/document.
Full textBehind many of other countries, those of the West African Monetary and economic Union adopted the management by performance system. It’s a global system of management of public policies, which come in missions, programs and actions. It includes, in the stage of public policies elaboration, to recognize the budgetary restriction which imposes up on everywhere and to specify the framework of these policies and to draw priorities and to consider the long term basis for their execution. The system supposes, in the stage of accomplishment, to grant freedom to managers, particularly in their use of the means, what implies, in return, their accountability. At last, the system supposes, in a third stage, a systematic use of internal control and audit and evaluation
Rospabé, Philippe. "La monnaie et l'échange dans les sociétés sauvages." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010006.
Full textMost of economic and anthropological theories considered the so-called primitive moneys as archaic antecedents of modern money. In this thesis we try to show that valuables given in savage societies abey another logic that one which governs exchange of commodities. Returning to facts given by ethnologists in africa and melanesia, we show that these "moneys" are in fact substitute of life which binds their givers to give back a life for the life they took. It is the case with the bridewealth payed by wife-takers who so pledge themeselves to give back a bride so she can bring life in turn. The blood-payments bear out this interpretation because properties given to the victim's group aim to serve as substitute for the life taken by violence. Ceremonial exchanges which appear as gifts-counter-gifts use the same animals (cattle in Africa, pigs in Melanesia) and objects like shells or feathers. Born of war, they work to repeat the alliance beetween groups, alliance which shapes en mariage. It is then possible to understand bride wealth as archetype of gift. As regard to trade, it affects at first valuables and it takes form of ceremonial exchanges beetween exchange partners who renew their friendship that way
Magambou, Aimé Clotaire. "Réflexions sur les qualités opératoires d’une notion d’intégrité financière dans les missions du Compliance officer français." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1014/document.
Full textPeople think that the function of Compliance Officer is conceived on an obligation of means. Then, the Compliance Officer is rather seen as "spoilsport". Therefore, seeking for the element for lack of which the Compliance Officer could not be effective became a necessity. Our thoughts lead us to conclude about the need to put down a financial integrity notion whose definition also answers to the duty of the Compliance Officer. Furthermore, we wanted to have a clinical look on the position of Compliance Officer. The will to have a definition of the financial integrity that can be practical has leaded us to retain that financial integrity was the guarding of the rightful flow of money and monetary debentures. Put in those terms, the definition of the financial integrity firstly required presenting monetary items and their protection system. Then, the operating qualities of such a notion in the achievement of the Compliance Officer duty needed to be presented secondly. Beyond the only purpose of the Compliance Officer, our thoughts about the notion of financial integrity aimed at isolating an integrity notion that could be functional in the fight against financial criminality. In other words, as there is a field dedicated to the study of physical or moral integrity of a person, it was desirable that a field dedicated to the flow of money and monetary items could be identified in criminal sciences. Such an approach could participate to reword the needs of financial institutions involved in the fight against crime, and to redefine the university schedule of training by basing the learning process of financial methods on the circulation of items and the monetary objects
Adetonah, Ghislain Serge Odon. "L’évasion fiscale des multinationales dans les pays de l’UEMOA." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0055/document.
Full textThe WAEMU countries, long hostile to foreign direct investment, under the combined effect of the globalization of the economy and the pressure of the institutions of Brettons Woods, have in the one hand, favored an internal access to International financial flows and on the other hand, offered tax incentives to multinationals. Thanks to financial liberalization and the prevailing economic ideology, the multinationals, by various subterfuges and taking advantage also of the institutional and organizational handicaps of the respective tax administrations of the member countries of the UEMOA space, escape their fiscal responsibilities towards these states. In order to reduce the harmful effects of tax evasion by multinationals, WAEMU countries must place particular emphasis on the modernization of their tax administrations on the one hand, and on the other hand, to include in all their agreements tax rules, anti-abuse clauses. Finally, these states must strengthen the fight against tax evasion by concerted action based on tax cooperation in the context of administrative assistance
Tankoua, Roméo. "Criminalité et justice pénale dans l'espace CEMAC : de l'expérience nationale à l'ouverture communautaire du droit criminel." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAA024.
Full textThe dynamics of economic integration in CEMAC’s region is based on free movement of people, goods and capital. Helped by the opening of the borders, people are free to move from one country to another for economic and security reasons. This is the consequence of instability in many countries such as Central African Republic, Chad and Congo. The major problem is that, how to manage delinquency specially the prevention or the repression of the national and the cross border criminality? In fact, it is nowadays advisable not to allow the countries which are welcoming foreigners to behave as a paradise in such a way that, those who have troubled the national order should not be punished. Even though at the national level there are still some misunderstandings concerning the criminal law. At the national level and particularly as far as Cameroon is concerned, the main aim which is to fight against criminality has many problems, especially modernity way through which our court is passing. According to the Cameroon (new Code of criminal procedure of july 2005), CAR (two new codes, penal and criminal procedure, 2010) and Chad (Prajust, 2008) . As far as community is concerned, CEMAC has really specialize, in police cooperation, which is necessary to over pass all the transgression, which are caused by social nuisants. Actually, the legislator can capitalize the expertise of OHADA’s book, and open himself to European Union experience
Coulibaly, Louphou. "Essays in macroeconomics and international finance." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22699.
Full textNessim, Manal. "Impact d'un taux d'inflation variable sur la paramétrisation des variables contrôles d'une règle monétaire." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3631/1/M11568.pdf.
Full text