Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Contrôle MPPT'
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Abouda, Salim. "Contribution à la commande des systèmes photovoltaiques : application aux systèmes de pompages." Thesis, Reims, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REIMS005/document.
Full textThe aim of the work presented in this thesis is to contribute to the study of a photovoltaic system operating at its maximum power and energetically autonomous. The case studied in this thesis relates to the control of a chain of photovoltaic pumping in an isolated site. In this sense and for the PV system operates at its maximum power, it must include a converter associated with a MPPT algorithm. In our study, we used two MPPT algorithms, the algorithm “Perturb and Observe” (P & O), then the algorithm “Increment of Conductance” (IncCond). In some industrial applications, it is sometimes necessary to maintain the voltage delivered by the PV system constant. For this, a control system of this voltage is presented. The methods used for the simulation of this system are based on the use of a PID controller and the sliding mode control, and finally a fuzzy logic controller. This system was tested for a resistive load then for the case of a centrifugal pump driven by a permanent magnetic DC motor. Then we studied the case of a pumping chain using a three-phase induction motor as a drive motor. In order to be able to regulate the flow of water, the Direct Torque Control method “DTC” is used to control the speed of the induction motor because it is proportional with the water flow
Sahnoun, Mohamed Aymen. "Contribution à la modélisation et au contrôle de trajectoire de Trackers photovoltaïques à haute concentration (HCPV)." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENAM0043/document.
Full textThis work focuses on improving the accuracy and on reducing the cost of the tracker generating trajectory strategy, in order to maximize the production and to reduce the installation and the maintenance cost of a solar tracker orienting high concentrated photovoltaic modules (HCPV). Initially, we propose a behavioral modeling of the HCPV module mounted on a dual axis tracker in order to study the influence of the tracking performance on the module power production. Then, this simulator can be used to test control strategies and to compare their performance. Firstly, a classical control strategy is implemented in the simulator. It is based on a hybrid control operating an astronomical calculation to follow the sun path, and a sun sensor to correct the tracking error. A sensorless strategy is proposed in this work to reduce the cost of the HCPV tracker control. This strategy is based on a gradient optimization algorithm to generate the tracker trajectory and to catch the sun path. Tested on the simulator, this strategy presents the same accuracy as the classical strategy while being less costly. The last study proposed in this thesis work concerns maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms, in order to respond to a given problem relating to the practical implementation of gradient algorithm. In this context, we propose an original optimization of the P&O MPPT control with a neural network algorithm leading to a significant reduction of the computational cost required to train it. This approach, which is ensuring a good compromise between accuracy and complexity is sufficiently fast to not affect the quality of the evaluation of the gradient
Druga, Mirela. "Méthodologie de conception d’aérogénérateurs optimaux, à faible coût, à destination des sites isolés." Le Havre, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LEHA0021.
Full textThe strong increase of the small wind turbine production requires the review of the existing technologies to suit the expanding need. This thesis develops a design and optimal sizing methodology of stand alone wind systems. The statistical profile of wind resource, the expected consumption and the specification targets are taken into account. Our choice of generator is based on PMSM, in order to maximize the efficiency of the wind energy conversion within economically viable topologies. This study highlights different possible scenarios to drive the system and predicts how to take into account the system control. The simulation using a recorded wind data allowed the validation of our models in real situations. Our software approach advantages are modularity and adaptability. By choosing the relevant settings for each system element and using our results as database, a multi-criteria constrained optimization method can be applied. Therefore a library of models depending on the site and its energy demand could be built in order to expand our approach. The developed code has the ability to generate optimal sizing, where the cost per kWh is taken into account, which is a critical point for manufacturers and users
Elgendy, Mohammed Ali Mohammed. "Photovoltaic pumping systems with microcontroller-based MPPT control." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610979.
Full textJiang, Li. "Resistance Control MPPT for Smart Converter PV System." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31951.
Full textMaster of Science
Heinen, Garrett David. "Modeling and Charging Control of a Lithium Ion Battery System for Solar Panels." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2017. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1745.
Full textLopez, Henrique Fioravanti Miguel. "Inversor módulo integrado utilizando um conversor CC-CC Zeta com controle MPPT FeedForward." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/3231.
Full textThis work presents the study and development of a processing power system that could be used in the connection of renewable energy sources to commercial power grid. The system consists of a ZETA converter associated with a bridge inverter operating at low frequency. The Zeta converter, operating in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), plays the main role in this arrangement, producing a rectified sinusoidal current waveform synchronized with the electric grid. The function of the full-bridge inverter, connected in cascade with the Zeta converter, is to reverse every 180° the current generated by the Zeta converter. Initially it presents the analysis of the Zeta converter operating in DCM, as well as a design criterion. Following by the control strategy and the experimental results for the proposed system are presented and discussed.
Este trabalho apresenta um estudo do conversor CC-CC Zeta operando no modo de condução descontínuo, produzindo uma corrente senoidal retificada em sua saída, corrente esta que será entregue à rede elétrica comercial através de um inversor de ponte completa operando em baixa freqüência. O conversor Zeta, em conjunto com o inversor de ponte completa, forma o inversor módulo integrado. Um controle FeedForward é utilizado para se obter a máxima potência disponível nos painéis solares. Este controle é desenvolvido através de aproximações lineares das características elétricas dos painéis solares quando nestes incidem diferentes níveis de insolação e temperatura. É apresentado neste trabalho o modelo de espaços de estados médio para o conversor Zeta operando no modo de condução descontínuo, considerando a resistência interna da maioria dos seus componentes. Simulações e resultados experimentais são apresentados.
Lopez, Henrique Fioravanti Miguel. "Inversor m?dulo integrado utilizando um conversor CC-CC Zeta com controle MPPT FeedForward." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2009. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/3021.
Full textEste trabalho apresenta um estudo do conversor CC-CC Zeta operando no modo de condu??o descont?nuo, produzindo uma corrente senoidal retificada em sua sa?da, corrente esta que ser? entregue ? rede el?trica comercial atrav?s de um inversor de ponte completa operando em baixa freq??ncia. O conversor Zeta, em conjunto com o inversor de ponte completa, forma o inversor m?dulo integrado. Um controle FeedForward ? utilizado para se obter a m?xima pot?ncia dispon?vel nos pain?is solares. Este controle ? desenvolvido atrav?s de aproxima??es lineares das caracter?sticas el?tricas dos pain?is solares quando nestes incidem diferentes n?veis de insola??o e temperatura. ? apresentado neste trabalho o modelo de espa?os de estados m?dio para o conversor Zeta operando no modo de condu??o descont?nuo, considerando a resist?ncia interna da maioria dos seus componentes. Simula??es e resultados experimentais s?o apresentados.
Aouchiche, Nedjma. "Conception d’une commande MPPT optimale à base d’intelligence artificielle d’un système photovoltaïque." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCA001.
Full textThe grid connected the photovoltaic system performance is strongly affected by the environmental conditions that undergoes, such as random atmospheric variations.This thesis work aims to improve the DC / DC converter and the PV inverter controllers’ performance against brutal climatic fluctuations. Therefore, the first part of this thesis is devoted to the comparative study between the following maximum power point tracking algorithms (MPPT): (i) the algorithm of the Incremental of Conductance (IC), (ii) Fuzzy Logic (FL) and (iii) Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (PSO). These algorithms are tested under various atmospheric conditions such as partial shading and evaluated in terms of efficiency, stability, speed and robustness. According to the simulation results, PSO is superior than IC and FL, especially during partial shading.The second part of this thesis deals with improving the efficiency of the DC / AC control system which includes an internal DC link voltage control loop (VDC) and an external control loop for direct current regulation and in quadrature (Id, Iq) provided by the PLL. Each of these two loops includes a PI controller whose gains are optimized using meta-heuristic techniques to improve the dynamic performance of the three-phase PV system connected to the network. Therefore, a comparative study is carried out for proposed meta-heuristics techniques such as: (i) whale optimization algorithm (WOA), (ii) gray wolf optimization algorithm (GWO) (iii) the Ant-Lion Optimization algorithm (ALO) and (iv) of the Moth-Flame Optimization algorithm (MFO). The results obtained, via MatlabTM-Simulink, reveal that the proposed WOA technique performance is relevant than the other studied techniques in terms of efficiency, robustness and stability which optimizes the PI controllers gains in order to obtain the best power factor and THD values
Seguel, Julio Igor Lopez. "Projeto de um sistema fotovoltaico autônomo de suprimento de energia usando técnica MPPT e controle digital." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-8CYMEY.
Full textO presente trabalho apresenta o projeto de um carregador de baterias de chumbo ácido para aplicações em sistemas fotovoltaicos autônomos de baixo consumo de energia, a partir de um conversor de potência tipo Buck, com controle digital para o processo de carregamento por meio de um processador digital de sinais TMS320F2812 de Texas Instruments. Para auxiliar o dimensionamento dos componentes do conversor de potência foi simulado o arranjo fotovoltaico, ajustados seus parâmetros ao de um módulo comercial, os resultados obtidos mostraram a concordância das curvas características simuladas e aquelas fornecidas pelo fabricante. Visando maximizar a energia produzida pelos painéis fotovoltaicos é utilizada uma técnica de rastreamento do ponto de máxima potência (MPPT - maximum power point tracking). Para a escolha da técnica MPPT foi realizado um estudo comparativo das três técnicas mais utilizadas: tensão constante (CV - Constant Voltage), perturbação e observação (P&O - Perturbation and Observation) e condutância incremental (IncCond - Incremental Conductance). A análise foi feita através de simulações que consideraram diversas condições de operação do arranjo fotovoltaico. São propostas baterias eletroquímicas para o armazenamento da energia elétrica convertida pelos painéis fotovoltaicos. Ao analisar as curvas de tensão e de corrente de uma bateria, percebe-se a necessidade de uma elaborada estratégia de controle para providenciar o carregamento. Deseja-se carregar completamente as baterias, dentro de seus limites, o mais rápido possível já que o período diário de geração de energia fotovoltaica é limitado. Para garantir o carregamento completo, rápido e seguro das baterias uma estratégia de controle diferenciada para o conversor Buck é apresentada. Na condição de bateria descarregada, é importante que o arranjo de módulos fotovoltaicos funcione no ponto de máxima potência, para aplicar o maior valor de corrente às baterias visando carregá-las o mais rápido possível. Quando a tensão da bateria atingir o valor máximo permitido pelo fabricante (tensão de equalização), o carregamento deve continuar a tensão constante com limitação de corrente para evitar danos da bateria pela formação excessiva de gás. Para o conversor Buck é apresentada a técnica das variáveis médias no espaço de estado para a obtenção de um modelo linear, válido para pequenas variações em torno do seu ponto de operação no estado permanente. Com esse modelo foram obtidas as funções de transferência necessárias para o projeto dos compensadores analógicos, os quais foram digitalizados através de técnicas de discretização visando manter um desempenho semelhante. Resultados de simulações obtidas com o programa Matlab, bem como resultados experimentais obtidos com um protótipo implementado no laboratório são usados para testar o desempenho do carregador, e seus compensadores.
Sobreira, Júnior Pedro de Assis. "Conversor CC-CC boost entrelaçado aplicado no processamento da energia de arranjo solar fotovoltaico." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2011. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2453.
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Este trabalho apresenta o estudo e avaliação experimental do controle de uma topologia de conversor CC-CC boost entrelaçado aplicado em sistemas de geração solar fotovoltaica. A análise comparativa das duas principais técnicas de rastreamento de máxima potência possibilitou elucidar se o método de controle por tensão ou corrente terminal do painel solar fotovoltaico apresentam diferença significativa na eficiência do processo de conversão de energia solar em eletricidade. A estrutura de conversor elevador de tensão entrelaçado possibilita mitigar o efeito do sombreamento parcial em arranjos fotovoltaicos, reduzir o dimensionamento dos elementos passivos e prover rápida resposta transitória. Resultados de simulação e experimentais usando um Controlador Digital de Sinais comprovam o potencial da estrutura estudada para o condicionamento de energia em arranjos solares fotovoltaicos.
This work presents the study and experimental evaluation of the control of an interleaved boost DC-DC converter topology used in solar photovoltaic generation systems. The comparative analysis of two major techniques for tracking maximum power point allowed to elucidate whether the method of control by terminal photovoltaic voltage or current show significant difference in the efficiency of converting solar energy into electricity. The boost interleaved converter allows mitigating the effect of partial shading on photovoltaic arrays, reducing sizing of passive elements and providing fast transient response. Simulation and experimental results using a Digital Signal Controller demonstrate the potential of the studied structure for power conditioning in photovoltaic solar arrays.
Koch, Gustavo Guilherme. "Controle escalar sensorless para sistemas de conversão de energia eólica com gerador síncrono de ímãs permanentes." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2015. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8568.
Full textThis master thesis proposes a control method of scalar direct torque control and a technique of current control to maximize the aerodynamic efficiency of wind energy conversion systems (WECS) using permanent magnets synchronous generators (PMSG) with non-salient poles. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is possible to apply optimum torque to the generator by just controlling the static converter. Two topologies are addressed: The first one is a boost converter, widely used in WECS, where the MPPT method is implemented by the controlling the boost inductor current; and the second is a three phase AC boost converter where the scalar direct torque control is proposed. Aims to reduce the mechanic speed sensor a work with sensorless algorithms, is proposed. First an observer in the continuous time domain in coordinates αβ is developed containing two observers: a current sliding mode whose function is to determine the electromotive force (EMF) and EMF observer which aims to determine the rotor speed based on the direct method of Lyapunov. After, in the discrete time domain, sliding mode observers of speed and rotor position are described. Simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the theoretical analysis and demonstrate the good performance of the techniques to drive PMSG.
Esta dissertação propõe um método de controle escalar direto de conjugado e uma técnica de controle de corrente para maximização da eficiência aerodinâmica de sistemas de conversão de energia eólica (WECS) que utilizam geradores síncronos de ímãs permanente (PMSG) com polos não salientes. O rastreamento do ponto de máxima potência (MPPT), impõe o conjugado ótimo ao gerador apenas por meio do controle do conversor estático. Duas topologias são abordadas: conversor boost, amplamente utilizado em WECS, em que o método de MPPT é implementado por meio do controle da corrente do indutor boost, e um conversor boost trifásico CA, com controle escalar direto de torque. Buscando reduzir os sensores mecânicos do sistema, estimadores para obtenção da velocidade e da posição rotórica são propostos. Primeiramente um observador no domínio de tempo contínuo em coordenadas αβ é desenvolvido, contendo dois observadores: um de corrente por modos deslizantes, cuja função é determinar a força eletromotriz (EMF) e um observador de EMF, baseado no método direto de Lyapunov, com objetivo de determinar a velocidade rotórica. Posteriormente são descritos observadores por modos deslizantes no domínio de tempo discreto de velocidade e posição rotórica. Resultados de simulação e experimentais são apresentados para validar a análise teórica e demonstrar o desempenho das técnicas de controle e estimação propostas.
Karami, Nabil. "Control of a hybrid system based PEMFC and photovoltaic panels." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4356/document.
Full textOur societies are increasingly concerned about the very harmful impact of clean energy resources, mainly oil, coal and gas. Thus, interest in the use of renewable and clean energy is constantly increasing and the development of new energy systems has become a scientific and technological challenge. To develop new competitive and efficient energy solutions, manufacturers of components (solar panels, fuel cells, inverters, etc.) and industrial sectors are facing problems of optimization, control and durability. In addition, renewable energy sources depend on several uncontrollable factors (geographical location, weather, etc.). To address these factors, and thus the randomness of energy availability, sources hybridization and energy management can prove to be an appropriate approach for the design of efficient energy solutions. This thesis is a contribution to the problem of hybridization and energy management. More precisely, we consider a hybrid system composed of photovoltaic solar panels and a fuel cell. This system is supposed to be equipped with converters and storage system (battery and supercapacitors). The goal is to develop control strategies to extract the maximum power available from the considered sources and to optimize the overall energy system to meet the load requirements. To do this, our approach is based on the tracking of the maximum power point and the use of compensators
Benites, Quispe Jhon Brajhan. "Inversor integrado Cuk para aproveitamento da energia fotovoltaica em conexão com a rede em corrente alternada /." Ilha Solteira, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181169.
Full textResumo: Considerando o atual crescimento dos sistemas baseados em fontes de energia renováveis para a Geração Distribuída (GD), novas estruturas de potência estão sendo desenvolvidas para os sistemas de conversão. O presente estudo propõe a utilização do Inversor Integrado Cuk para o processamento da energia solar fotovoltaica proveniente de um conjunto de módulos fotovoltaicos. Este inversor é o resultado da integração de um conversor Cuk e um inversor de ponte completa, sendo capaz de realizar as funções de elevação e redução de tensão, e a função de converter a corrente continua em alternada, possuindo um grande potencial para a obtenção de uma estrutura de potência de reduzido volume e alto rendimento, garantindo uma baixa distorção harmônica da corrente injetada à rede. Neste trabalho de dissertação são apresentadas as análises quantitativa e qualitativa do inversor com o objetivo de mostrar em detalhes o seu funcionamento e apresentar as principais equações elétricas dos componentes reativos e semicondutores. Além disso, para a obtenção do modelo dinâmico em pequeno sinal do inversor, o método de média do circuito e modelagem média de interruptores é utilizado a fim de projetar os controladores do modo de controle adotado, o qual consiste em dois laços de corrente retroalimentados. Por outro lado, uma comparação das diferentes configurações de módulos fotovoltaicos conectados ao inversor é realizada através dos dados de simulação, a fim de obter a configuração com as melhores c... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Considering the current growth of the renewable energy sources-based systems for Distributed Generation (DG), new power structures are being developed for the conversion systems. The present study proposes the use of the Cuk Integrated Inverter for the processing of photovoltaic solar energy from a set of photovoltaic modules. This inverter is the result of the integration of a Cuk converter and a Full Bridge inverter, being able to perform the functions of raise and reduce voltage, and the function of converting the direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC), possessing a great potential for obtaining a power structure of reduced volume and high performance, guaranteeing a low harmonic distortion of the current injected into the electric grid. In this research work, the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the inverter are presented in order to show in detail its operation and present the main electrical equations of the reactive and semiconductor components. In addition, to obtain the dynamic model in small signal of the inverter, the method of Circuit Averaging and Averaged Switch Modeling is used in order to design the controllers of the adopted control mode, which consists of two feedback loops of current. On the other hand, a comparison of the different configurations of photovoltaic modules connected to the inverter is performed by simulation data, in order to obtain the configuration with the best performance characteristics of the system. The maximum power p... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Zou, Yu. "Modeling, Control and Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of Doubly-fed Induction Generator (DFIG) Wind Power System." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1342445136.
Full textRambo, Carlos Eduardo Bizarro. "Estudo e desenvolvimento de um método de MPPT para sistemas PV, baseado na técnica P&O aplicado a um microinversor do tipo flyback." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/7692.
Full textThis work presents the study and development of a modification proposal of the classical MPPT - P&O approach, based on the utilization of the power and voltage derivatives in PV panel terminals. The contribution of this study consists in the employment of the time derivative of voltage that is used to determine converter duty cycle step size instantly. The proposed MPPT approach when compared to the classical P&O, presents some advantages like as: better dynamic response, steady state error reduction and robustness (considering different irradiation and temperature profiles). In order to validate this study, a microinverter prototype based on flyback converter, using this new approach, was implemented aiming to connect PV panels to the mains. Microinverter control strategy was held on Matlab/Simulink® environment in association to a data processing board (DS1104 from dSPACE®).
Este trabalho apresenta o estudo e o desenvolvimento de uma proposta de modificação do método de MPPT P&O clássico com base na utilização da derivada da potência e da derivada da tensão nos terminais dos painéis PV. A contribuição deste trabalho consiste no emprego da derivada da tensão dos painéis, a qual é utilizada para determinar a variação instantânea do ciclo de trabalho do conversor. O método de MPPT proposto em comparação com o método P&O convencional apresentou melhor desempenho considerando-se a resposta dinâmica, o erro de estado estacionário e a robustez (contra diferentes perfis de irradiância e de temperatura). A fim de validar este estudo, um protótipo de um microinversor com base no conversor flyback, usando a abordagem proposta, foi implementado com o objetivo de conectar painéis fotovoltaicos à rede elétrica. A estratégia de controle do microinversor foi realizada em ambiente Matlab/Simulink® em associação a uma placa de processamento de dados (DS1104 da dSPACE®).
Marques, Fernando Nunes. "Inversor flyback a quatro transistores controlado por um dispositivo FPGA para obter MPPT em sistemas fotovoltaicos." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2008. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/14389.
Full textElectrical energy generation with photovoltaic cells is being more utilized. Not only on large scale systems, but also in small ones connected to the grid. Parallel operating with the great generators from power companies, in a non-centralized way of operation, supplying low power, installed in houses, commerce establishments, industry, with the goal to minimize the loss in transmission, for being installed at the same consumption place. This work presents a FPGA device controller of a four transistor flyback inverter for maximum power point in photovoltaic systems. Despite this system has low power it contributes to search simple and low cost alternatives for generating of electrical power in a decentralized manner, which does not use battery banks connected parallel to network of energy near to consumers.
Geração de energia elétrica a partir de painéis fotovoltaicos vem sendo cada vez mais utilizada, não somente em sistemas fotovoltaicos de grande porte, como também em pequenos sistemas conectados a rede CA. Interligada paralelamente aos grandes geradores da concessionária de energia de forma descentralizada em sistemas de pequeno porte e baixas potências, instalados em residências, estabelecimentos comerciais, indústria, com o objetivo de minimizar perdas por transmissão por estarem instalados nos próprios locais. Este trabalho apresenta um controle num dispositivo FPGA de um inversor flyback a quatro transistores para máxima potência em sistemas fotovoltaicos. Apesar da baixa potência este contribui para a busca de alternativas simples e de baixo custo para geração de energia elétrica de forma descentralizada, não utilizando bancos de bateria conectados paralelamente a rede de energia próxima aos consumidores.
Mestre em Ciências
Miron, Cristian. "Advanced control for renewable energy systems." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1I064/document.
Full textNowadays renewable energy is a long term solution for replacing the conventional sources of energy. The use of photovoltaic (PV) arrays and wind turbines has become very popular. Nevertheless, this “free energy” arises new challenges. Some of the big inconveniences of these alternatives are represented by a low conversion rate of the energy and the necessity of using an energy storing system. Another drawback is the reduced transfer efficiency between the PV arrays or/and wind turbines and the consumers. The goal of this thesis is to present and compare different control strategies for systems that are powered by renewable sources of energy. A prototype for testing purposes was designed. This thesis treats different aspects such as PV panel modelling, buck converter modelling, building a non-linear observer, a control algorithm based on maximum power point tracking (MPPT), a polynomial control algorithm, the stability of the system. Chapter 2 presents different photovoltaic cell models that can be further used in control loops. A graphic user interface is created for facilitating the computation of certain parameters and of the power-voltage / current-voltage characteristics of a PV panel. Furthermore, a state space model and a transfer function model of some DC/DC converters are presented. Chapter 3 focuses on elaborating a Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) observer which will provide the estimated voltage of the PV panel. The latter will later be used in the control block or it can serve for diagnosis purposes. Chapter 4 compares different classical MPPT algorithms, as well as advanced control algorithms which may be later used to improve the performances of the control loops. A case study on a supervisory control that uses fuel cells is proposed. Chapter 5 is oriented on a rather practical approach. It presents a distributed control system that is managed via an OPC server. A robust R-S-T polynomial controller is designed, validated in simulation and tested on a prototype. A data acquisition system stores the data sent by each of the control loops and is able to plot data in real time. Chapter 6 is dedicated to the conclusions. Chapter 7 presents the code of the developed software and some schematics that were used during simulations. Chapter 8 lists the bibliography
Mahmud, Sadab. "Development and Simulation of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Controller with Ripple Correlation Control (RCC) for Deep Space Spacecraft." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1588686169167826.
Full textRambo, Carlos Eduardo Bizarro. "Estudo e desenvolvimento de um m?todo de MPPT para sistemas PV, baseado na t?cnica P&O aplicado a um microinversor do tipo flyback." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2015. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/6403.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul - FAPERGS
This work presents the study and development of a modification proposal of the classical MPPT - P&O approach, based on the utilization of the power and voltage derivatives in PV panel terminals. The contribution of this study consists in the employment of the time derivative of voltage that is used to determine converter duty cycle step size instantly. The proposed MPPT approach when compared to the classical P&O, presents some advantages like as: better dynamic response, steady state error reduction and robustness (considering different irradiation and temperature profiles). In order to validate this study, a microinverter prototype based on flyback converter, using this new approach, was implemented aiming to connect PV panels to the mains. Microinverter control strategy was held on Matlab/Simulink? environment in association to a data processing board (DS1104 from dSPACE?).
Este trabalho apresenta o estudo e o desenvolvimento de uma proposta de modifica??o do m?todo de MPPT P&O cl?ssico com base na utiliza??o da derivada da pot?ncia e da derivada da tens?o nos terminais dos pain?is PV. A contribui??o deste trabalho consiste no emprego da derivada da tens?o dos pain?is, a qual ? utilizada para determinar a varia??o instant?nea do ciclo de trabalho do conversor. O m?todo de MPPT proposto em compara??o com o m?todo P&O convencional apresentou melhor desempenho considerando-se a resposta din?mica, o erro de estado estacion?rio e a robustez (contra diferentes perfis de irradi?ncia e de temperatura). A fim de validar este estudo, um prot?tipo de um microinversor com base no conversor flyback, usando a abordagem proposta, foi implementado com o objetivo de conectar pain?is fotovoltaicos ? rede el?trica. A estrat?gia de controle do microinversor foi realizada em ambiente Matlab/Simulink? em associa??o a uma placa de processamento de dados (DS1104 da dSPACE?).
Wang, Fa. "Wind Farm Control for Optimal Power Generation and Fatigue Reduction: Strategies and Experimentation in Wind Tunnel." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1491350425071592.
Full textGu, Bin. "Power Converter and Control Design for High-Efficiency Electrolyte-Free Microinverters." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/25236.
Full textPh. D.
SILVA, Márcio Henrique Bino da. "Método de rastreamento para obtenção da máxima potência em aerogeradores de baixa potência." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/25100.
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CAPES
Neste trabalho é modelado, em MATLAB/Simulink, um aerogerador de pequeno porte que emprega uma máquina síncrona de imã permanente conectado à rede elétrica por meio de um conversor trifásico back-to-back. O objetivo deste trabalho é, com esse modelo, fazer uma comparação entre os métodos utilizados para a busca da máxima extração de potência em uma turbina eólica que emprega a topologia de uma máquina síncrona a imã permanente. É apresentado de forma estruturada os componentes do sistema de produção de energia eólica e é feita uma análise crítica em relação as diferentes soluções para o problema apresentado. O problema assenta na garantia de máxima extração de potência de uma turbina eólica de velocidade variável a cada instante. A solução está na construção de um sistema composto de diferentes blocos responsáveis pelo controle da máquina. Esses são estudados individualmente em termos de desempenho e confiabilidade. É feita a modelagem da máquina síncrona trifásica a imã permanente onde são apresentados os métodos de controle do conversor trifásico e diferentes algoritmos para a maximização da extração de potência do aerogerador. Em cada subsistema é feita uma escolha da solução que melhor satisfaz as necessidades do projeto do aerogerador, devidamente justificada. Uma vez concebido o modelo, são feitas várias simulações para avaliar e comparar os métodos de maximização da potência gerada.
In this work is modeled a small wind turbine in MATLAB / Simulink, which employs a permanent magnet synchronous machine connected to the grid through a back-to-back three-phase converter. The aim of this work is to compare, using the model, the methods used to get the maximum power extraction from a wind turbine that used the permanent magnet synchronous machine topology. It is presented the components of the wind energy system and it is made a critical analysis respecting to the different solutions to the related issue. The problem adjusts on ensuring maximum power extraction of a variable speed wind turbine at every moment. The solution is design a system composed by different blocks that are responsible for the machine control. These blocks are studied individually in terms of performance and reliability. It is made the model of the permanent magnet synchronous machine, where it is presented the control methods of the three-phase converter and the different algorithms to maximizing the wind turbine power extraction. In each subsystem is carried out a choice of the solution that best meets the wind turbine project needs, with justification. Once the model is done, some simulations are performed to evaluate and compare the methods to maximizing the generated power.
Alhamed, Aldwaihi Hani. "Commande non linéaire fondée sur la platitude d'un système de production éolien." Thesis, Brest, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BRES0080/document.
Full textThe problem of the production of renewable energy, ``wind energy in our case'' is related to the adjustment of the amplitude and the frequency of the voltage of the generator driven by the wind turbine. These settings are required to supply the produced electrical power to an electrical network. The advancement of the power electronics used in the power converters (rectifiers, inverters, boost converters, etc.), helped to solve these two problems of adjustment. The challenge of wind generation is to improve the control strategy applied to the converters to increase the quality of the produced power and to minimize the electrical losses of the generator, and therefore to reduce the cost of production system. In this thesis, we developed the nonlinear flatness-based control of a wind generation system. This command is used to facilitate the construction of the control law. We have shown that this command allows the designer to choose the controller gains with few and intuitive tuning parameters. Electrical losses in the stator of the Permanent Magnets Synchronous Generator (PMSG) are minimized, the Maximum Power Point Tracking strategy (MPPT) is applied to the production system and the power factor of the apparent power injected to the grid is controlled to obtain any desired value between zero and one
Carvalho, Neto Jo?o Teixeira de. "Controle de um ciclo aplicado em sistemas fotovoltaicos aut?nomos em um Microgrid de corrente cont?nua." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM ENGENHARIA EL?TRICA E DE COMPUTA??O, 2016. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/22047.
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A integra??o de unidades com fontes de energia prim?ria, com armazenamento de energia e cargas, ? esperada para desempenhar um papel promissor no futuro para o fornecimento de energia el?trica. A interliga??o em rede destas unidades fornecendo m?dia e baixa tens?o forma um sistema denominado de microgrid. As fontes de energia distribu?da s?o as unidades b?sicas para armazenamento e distribui??o de energia em microgrids. Estas fontes podem ser de um tipo h?brido que inclui uma fonte de energia prim?ria e armazenamento simultaneamente. Uma unidade de tipo h?brido ? proposta neste trabalho e consiste de um conversor Buck-Boost CC-CC que rastreia a pot?ncia m?xima fornecida por um painel fotovoltaico, um conversor Boost CC-CC que regula a tens?o do barramento CC do microgrid e um conversor Buck-Boost bidirecional CC-CC que controla o fluxo de energia na unidade, carregando ou descarregando um banco de baterias. O controle desses conversores deve considerar a prote??o da bateria contra picos de tens?o e transit?rios, assim como a prote??o das cargas conectadas ao barramento principal do microgrid, quando a bateria fornece a energia armazenada. As t?cnicas de controle convencionais utilizadas nos conversores destas unidades utilizam a modula??o por largura de pulso que tem a desvantagem de produzir transit?rios indesej?veis devido ? resposta lenta ?s varia??es na fonte de entrada do sistema ou nas cargas conectadas ao barramento principal do microgrid. Estes transit?rios podem vir a danificar outras cargas e baterias que estejam conectadas ao barramento principal do microgrid. A t?cnica de controle de um ciclo ? aplicada aos conversores chaveadores para permitir uma resposta r?pida a transit?rios, sem overshoots e erro nulo em regime permanente. O objetivo deste trabalho ? a utiliza??o desta t?cnica no controlador desses conversores, a fim de rastrear rapidamente o ponto de pot?ncia m?xima do painel fotovoltaico, carregar as baterias quando elas est?o descarregadas, e fornecer a energia das baterias para as cargas quando necess?rio, garantindo a prote??o das baterias e das cargas ligadas ao barramento principal do microgrid.
The integration of units with primary energy sources, energy storage and loads, is expected to play a promising role in the future for the electricity supply. The interconnection of such units providing medium and low voltage makes a microgrid system. The distributed energy sources are the basic units for storage and distribution in microgrids. These sources can be of a hybrid type, which includes a primary energy source and storage simultaneously. A hybrid type proposed in this paper consists of a DC-DC Buck-Boost converter that tracks the maximum power supplied by a photovoltaic panel, a DC-DC Boost converter that regulates the microgrid DC bus voltage and a DC-DC bidirectional Buck-Boost converter that controls the energy flow in the system, charging or discharging a battery bank. The control of these converters should consider the protection of the battery against voltage transients and spikes, as well as the protection of loads connected to the microgrid main bus when the battery supplies the stored energy. Conventional control techniques used on the converters of these units use the pulse width modulation, which has the disadvantage of produce undesirable transient due to the slow response to changes in the system input source, or the loads resistance connected to microgrid the main bus. These transients can damage other loads and batteries connected to the microgrid main bus. Thus, one-cycle control technique is applied to the switching converters to allow fast response to transient without overshoots and zero steady-state error. The objective of this work is to use this technique in controlling these converters in order to quickly track the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel, charge the batteries when they are discharged, and provide power from the batteries to the loads when needed, ensuring the protection of the batteries and the loads connected to the microgrid main bus.
Dalala', Zakariya Mahmoud. "Design and Analysis of a Small-Scale Wind Energy Conversion System." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/51846.
Full textPh. D.
Meekhun, Dariga. "Réalisation d'un système de conversion et de gestion de l'énergie d'un système photovoltaïque pour l'alimentation des réseaux de capteurs sans fil autonomes pour application aéronautique." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ISAT0031/document.
Full textFlight tests of a commercial aircraft consist in gathering data during flight to validate aircraft design. However they are very expensive for various reasons. One of them is that most of the sensors implemented to collect data are wired. As an example, for the sole system that monitors the vibrations onboard a large (more than 100 seats) aircraft, more than 100 sensors may be deployed. Such networks are complex to implement, mainly because of the required wiring. A wireless solution is therefore of great interest; however, such a cable-less implementation implies both wireless transmission of data together with energy autonomy.The purpose of this work is therefore to describe a design of a power generation system, focusing on photovoltaic, together with the associated management strategies for an autonomous wireless sensor network deployed for large aircraft in-flight tests. This work is a part of SACER project. The main requirements are related to the thickness of the system (less than 3,2mm in order not to disturb the aerodynamic air flow) and the output power (3 W per sensor node in order to power the sensor, data processing and transmission system). In addition, the system has to properly work at extremely high and low temperature (-50 to 100°C). Our system consists of three primary components to consider: Energy Harvesting system, Energy storage device and Energy management system.In this work, we firstly present the comparison of the performance of different photovoltaic technologies at different temperatures concerning their availability and achievable power density in aircraft applications. Secondly, we will investigate the possibility of using batteries and supercapacitor. Finally the power management system, composed by a photovoltaic panel, a power conditioning (MPPT function), supercapacitors and a DC/DC regulator, is presented
Grandbois, Michelle. "Protection contre la toxicité du MPTP par les stéroïdes et le raloxifène, implication des récepteurs glutamatergiques." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0017/MQ55759.pdf.
Full textElmes, John. "MAXIMUM ENERGY HARVESTING CONTROL FOROSCILLATING ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEMS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3400.
Full textM.S.E.E.
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering MSEE
RAMOS, Vanessa Menezes. "Controle de frequência de geração fotovoltaica considerando inércia virtual." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/10024.
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A integração em larga escala de fontes intermitentes de energias renováveis, como os sistemas fotovoltaicos, nos sistemas elétricos de potência gera novas questões técnicas, uma vez que tais fontes normalmente não participam na regulação da frequência devido não apresentarem inércia de rotação. A rápida variação da frequência existente em redes com grande integração de geração renovável ocasiona assim uma maior dificuldade na manutenção da estabilidade de frequência, pois diferentemente dos sistemas convencionais (por exemplo os Hídricos e Térmicos), onde a inércia dos geradores é suficientemente alta, para a maioria desses novos sistemas isso não é válido. Nesse contexto, na presente dissertação será proposta a utilização do conceito de “inércia virtual”, que corresponde a uma combinação de algoritmos de controle, dispositivos de armazenamento de energia elétrica e eletrônica de potência aplicada às fontes renováveis, como as fotovoltaicas, conectadas às redes de energia através de inversores, a qual emula a inércia de um sistema de geração convencional. Será apresentado ainda um modelo baseado em uma análise a pequeno sinal linearizado, desenvolvido para avaliar a estabilidade de um circuito de controle de potência quando o gerador fotovoltaico fornecer resposta em frequência, além da resposta inercial emulada com sistemas fotovoltaicos por meio de técnicas baseadas no controlador MPPT no Método de Deslocamento e da estratégia de controle Droop no domínio do tempo. Esta modelagem é testada em um sistema de energia elétrica composto por máquinas síncronas e uma planta de geração de energia fotovoltaica em larga escala para a análise dos efeitos do sistema de controle em relação à estabilidade de frequência. As simulações realizadas com o auxílio do software MATLAB/Simulink, consideram diferentes constantes de inércia para uma condição de variação (queda) na frequência elétrica, ocasionada pela inserção de cargas no sistema elétrico. Resultados comparativos indicam que é maior o impacto da geração fotovoltaica na estabilidade do sistema de energia quando a energia fornecida pelo gerador da planta convencional é menor. Resultados também comprovam que quando o sistema fotovoltaico está fornecendo energia para a rede elétrica, a frequência do mesmo decai afetando a estabilidade e operação do sistema de potência através da degradação da dinâmica de frequência.
The large-scale integration of intermittent sources of renewable energies, such as photovoltaic systems, into electrical power systems generates new technical issues, since such sources do not participate in frequency regulation because they do not exhibit inertia of rotation. The rapid frequency variation, normally found in networks with a high degree of integration of renewable generation, therefore causes greater difficulty in maintaining frequency stability, unlike conventional systems (for example Hydro and Thermal), where the inertia of the generators is sufficiently high , for most of these new systems this is not valid. In this context, the present dissertation will propose the use of the concept of "virtual inertia", which corresponds to a combination of control algorithms, electrical energy storage devices and power electronics applied to renewable sources, such as photovoltaics, connected to networks of power through inverters, which emulates the inertia of a conventional generation system. It will be presented a model based on a small linearized signal analysis, developed to evaluate the stability of a power control circuit when the photovoltaic generator provides frequency response and the inertial response emulated with photovoltaic systems by means of techniques based on the MPPT controller in the Displacement Method and the Droop control strategy in the time domain. This modeling is tested in an electric power system composed of synchronous machines and a large-scale photovoltaic power generation plant for the analysis of the effects of the control system in relation to frequency stability. The simulations performed with MATLAB/Simulink software consider different inertia constants for a condition of variation (decrease) in the electric frequency, caused by the insertion of loads in the electric system. Comparative results indicate that the impact of photovoltaic generation on the stability of the power system is greater when the power supplied by the conventional plant generator is lower. Results also prove that when the photovoltaic system is supplying power to the grid, its frequency decreases, affecting the stability and operation of the power system through the degradation of the frequency dynamics.
Rocha, Thiago de Oliveira Alves. "Contribui??es para estrat?gia de controle aplicada ? gera??o fotovoltaica interconectada ? rede el?trica." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2015. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/20679.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)
Os sistemas de gera??o, que utilizam fontes renov?veis, est?o se tornando cada vez mais populares devido ? necessidade do incremento do uso da energia el?trica. Atualmente, as fontes renov?veis cooperam com a gera??o convencional, em decorr?ncia da limita??o do sistema na entrega da pot?ncia requerida, da necessidade da redu??o dos efeitos indesejados das fontes que utilizam combust?veis fosseis (polui??o) e a dificuldade de constru??o de novas linhas de transmiss?o e/ou distribui??o. Esta coopera??o se d? por meio da gera??o distribu?da. Desta forma, neste trabalho s?o propostas contribui??es para o sistema de controle utilizado para a interconex?o de sistemas PV (do ingl?s, Photovoltaic) de gera??o distribu?da com a rede el?trica trif?sica, por meio de filtros de conex?o do tipo LCL. A compensa??o da qualidade de energia no ponto de acoplamento comum (PAC) ? realizada garantindo-se que a rede el?trica forne?a, ou consuma apenas pot?ncia ativa e que suas correntes possuam baixo teor harm?nico. Diferentemente das t?cnicas tradicionais, que necessitam de esquemas para a detec??o harm?nica, a t?cnica utilizada realiza a compensa??o harm?nica sem a utiliza??o desses esquemas, controlando as correntes de sa?da do sistema de uma forma indireta. Para que haja um efetivo controle da tens?o do barramento CC (Corrente Cont?nua) ? utilizado o controlador robusto em modo dual DSM-PI (Proporcional Integral Dual em Modo Deslizante), que durante o transit?rio se comporta como um controlador em modo deslizante SM-PI (Proporcional Integral em Modo Deslizante), e em regime permanente se comporta como um PI (Proporcional Integral) convencional. Para o controle das correntes ? utilizado a estrat?gia de controle repetitivo, onde s?o utilizados controladores de dupla sequ?ncia (DSC) sintonizados na componente fundamental, no quinto e no s?timo harm?nico. As correntes de refer?ncia s?o alinhadas ao ?ngulo de fase do vetor tens?o da rede el?trica, obtido a partir do uso de um SRF-PLL (do ingl?s, Synchronous Reference Frame Phase-Locked-Loop). Com o intuito de obter a m?xima pot?ncia do array fotovoltaico ? utilizado um algoritmo de MPPT (do ingl?s, Maximum Power Point Tracking) sem a necessidade de adi??o de sensores. Resultados experimentais s?o apresentados para demonstrar a efic?cia do sistema de controle proposto.
Generation systems, using renewable sources, are becoming increasingly popular due to the need for increased use of electricity. Currently, renewables sources have a role to cooperate with conventional generation, due to the system limitation in delivering the required power, the need for reduction of unwanted effects from sources that use fossil fuels (pollution) and the difficulty of building new transmission and/or distribution lines. This cooperation takes place through distributed generation. Therefore, this work proposes a control strategy for the interconnection of a PV (Photovoltaic) system generation distributed with a three-phase power grid through a connection filter the type LCL. The compensation of power quality at point of common coupling (PCC) is performed ensuring that the mains supply or consume only active power and that his currents have low distorcion. Unlike traditional techniques which require schemes for harmonic detection, the technique performs the harmonic compensation without the use of this schemes, controlling the output currents of the system in an indirect way. So that there is effective control of the DC (Direct Current) bus voltage is used the robust controller mode dual DSMPI (Dual-Sliding Mode-Proportional Integral), that behaves as a sliding mode controller SM-PI (Sliding Mode-Proportional Integral) during the transition and like a conventional PI (Proportional Integral) in the steady-state. For control of current is used to repetitive control strategy, which are used double sequence controllers (DSC) tuned to the fundamental component, the fifth and seventh harmonic. The output phase current are aligned with the phase angle of the utility voltage vector obtained from the use of a SRF-PLL (Synchronous Reference Frame Phase-Locked-Loop). In order to obtain the maximum power from the PV array is used a MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) algorithm without the need for adding sensors. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control system.
Tran, Cuong hung. "Améliorations d’une chaîne de conversion de l’énergie solaire en électricité autonome en vue d’application dans les pays en voie de développement." Thesis, Reims, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REIMS009/document.
Full textIn Vietnam, more than half a million people do not have access to electricity. They are mainly in mountainous regions or on islands. However, this country has great potential for renewable energy. In this context, these sources of energy can be regarded as promising solutions both economically and environmentally for supplying electrical power. Solar energy is the most suitable to supply villages with electricity because of the plentiful solar radiation and relatively easy maintenance of the structures. In energy conversion systems using renewable energy sources, simple static converters are generally used. Indeed, if we explore a photovoltaic system, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is done using a boost or buck-boost converter. Thus, in case of failure, the system is simply switched off. The aim of this thesis is to make improvements to an autonomous photovoltaic system that can be used in an isolated site. Therefore, an MPPT algorithm using three-level DC-DC converters is developed to extract the maximum power of a photovoltaic generator, whatever the climatic variations (temperature, sunlight) or charge. The system’s architecture is based on solar panels associated with a storage system, which required the development of a fuzzy supervisor to control the flow management. Finally, we propose a fault detection method to efficiently manage the failure of a multi-level converter element. Indeed, if there is a fault, we must go into a degraded mode to provide a service close to normal or at least minimal functioning, pending maintenance
TerÃn, Eldin Mario Miranda. "Sistema Fotovoltaico de Pequeno Porte Interligado à Rede ElÃtrica." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7563.
Full textA necessidade de obter uma matriz energÃtica menos poluente e em harmonia com o meio ambiente à um tÃpico muito importante no sÃculo XXI. Este trabalho apresenta um conversor cc-ca de dois estÃgios para injetar a energia de um arranjo de painÃis fotovoltaicos à rede elÃtrica. O primeiro estÃgio à um conversor elevador, isolado, baseado na CÃlula de ComutaÃÃo de TrÃs Estados (CCTE), responsÃvel por elevar a tensÃo dos painÃis fotovoltaicos de 48 Vcc para 400 Vcc e de extrair a mÃxima potÃncia disponÃvel deles. O segundo estÃgio consiste em um conversor monofÃsico cc-ca, ponte completa, responsÃvel por injetar a energia na rede elÃtrica de baixa tensÃo (220 Vca, 60 Hz). SÃo apresentados estudos teÃricos e exemplos de projeto dos circuitos de potÃncia e controle para ambos os estÃgios e, com o objetivo de validar a anÃlise, sÃo apresentados resultados de simulaÃÃo computacional, complementados com resultados experimentais, correspondentes a um protÃtipo de laboratÃrio de 850 W. O rendimento global obtido experimentalmente à aproximadamente 86,5% enquanto que a distorÃÃo harmÃnica total da corrente entregue à rede elÃtrica obtida via simulaÃÃo computacional à 3,8% a plena carga.
In the 21st century, the need of a more clean and environment friendly power matrix has become a very important issue. Therefore this work presents a two stage cc-ac converter for connecting a photovoltaic array to the electrical grid. The 1st stage itâs an isolated boost converter, based in the Three Stage Switching Cell (TSSC), in charge of boosting the photovoltaic array voltage from 48 Vcc to 400 Vcc and to track its maximum power point. The 2nd stage is a single-phase cc-ac Full-Bridge converter responsible of injecting the photovoltaic power into the low voltage power grid (220 Vac, 60 Hz). Both, theoretical analysis and designs examples of power and control circuits are presented for the two stages and, in order to validate the analysis, simulation results complemented with experimental results from an 850 W laboratory prototype are presented. The overall efficiency obtained from the prototype was 86.5% while the total harmonic distortion of the current obtained via simulation was 3.8% at full load.
GuimarÃes, JÃssica Santos. "Wind energy conversion system connected to the grid." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2016. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16813.
Full textEste trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um sistema de conversÃo de energia eÃlica (WECS - Wind Energy Conversion System) com gerador sÃncrono de imà permanente (PMSG - Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator) operando com velocidade variÃvel. O circuito de processamento de energia à dividido em dois estÃgios. No estÃgio AC-DC, uma topologia boost bridgeless trifÃsica unidirecional absorve a energia fornecida pelo gerador e injeta no link DC. Neste conversor, a tÃcnica de autocontrole permite a extraÃÃo de corrente com baixa taxa de distorÃÃo harmÃnica (THD â Total Harmonic Distortion) e alto fator de potÃncia. AlÃm disso, um algoritmo de rastreamento do mÃximo ponto de potÃncia (MPPT - Maximum Power Point Tracking) determina a velocidade de rotaÃÃo do gerador que irà garantir o ponto adequado de operaÃÃo. Este modo de operaÃÃo à mantido enquanto a potÃncia disponÃvel for menor que a potÃncia nominal do conversor. Caso contrÃrio, o algoritmo de MPPT à desabilitado e uma malha de controle de potÃncia mecÃnica garante a condiÃÃo nominal de potÃncia. No estÃgio de conversÃo DC-AC, um inversor trifÃsico ponte completa, cujo controle à baseado na teoria das potÃncias instantÃneas, provà energia à rede elÃtrica cumprindo com as exigÃncias normativas. Uma anÃlise teÃrica completa à apresentada assim como os resultados de simulaÃÃo considerando o protÃtipo com a potÃncia nominal de 6 kW equivalente a turbina eÃlica utilizada. Resultados experimentais satisfatÃrios sÃo apresentados para uma potÃncia de 3 kW: o rendimento do sistema completo à superior a 90%; a corrente que circula no gerador apresenta THD de aproximadamente 2,6% e fator de potÃncia de 0,942; e a corrente injetada na rede elÃtrica possui THD de 1,639% e fator de potÃncia de 0,994.
This master thesis presents the development of a Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) operating at variable speed. The energy processing circuit is divided into two stages. In the AC-DC stage, an unidirectional three-phase bridgeless boost topology absorbs the energy supplied by the generator and injects it into the DC link. In this converter, the self-control technique allows the current extraction with low THD and high power factor. Furthermore, a - Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) determines the rotational speed of the generator that will ensure the proper operating point. This mode of operation is maintained while the available power remains lower than the converter rated power. Otherwise, the MPPT algorithm is disabled and a mechanical power control loop ensures the rated power condition. On the DC-AC conversion stage, a three-phase full-bridge inverter, whose control is based on the theory of instantaneous power, provides energy to the grid complying with regulatory requirements. A complete theoretical analysis is presented as well as the simulation results considering the prototype with a rated power of 6 kW equivalent of wind turbine used. Satisfactory experimental results are shown to an output of 3 kW: the efficiency of the total system is above 90%; the current through the generator has a THD of about 2.6% with a power factor of 0.942; moreover, the current injected into the grid has a THD of about 1.639% and a power factor of 0.994.
Quezada, Novoa Andrés Alberto. "Diseño e implementación de inversor fotovoltaico de bajo costo." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/112523.
Full textEl presente trabajo aborda los conceptos básicos, sobre electrónica, semiconductores de potencia, controladores digitales de señales y software de simulación en electrónica de potencia, para lograr diseñar y construir un inversor MPPT fotovoltaico de 2kW de potencia nominal que sirva como base para desarrollos en esta área. Se presenta una introducción al tema, los objetivos de la memoria y una breve descripción del estado del arte, conocimientos necesarios para desarrollar un equipo de estas características. En función de estos antecedentes se presenta el diseño y simulación de la primera etapa de conversión, correspondiente al módulo Boost, utilizado para realizar un seguimiento de máxima potencia al sistema fotovoltaico. A continuación, se muestra la segunda etapa de conversión, de corriente continua a alterna, mediante un puente inversor completo. Se diseñan los sensores a utilizar, que son de voltaje DC, voltaje AC, corriente y temperatura. Se presenta el diseño de las etapas necesarias de control realimentado, que se programan en un microcontrolador. Esta etapa incluye la determinación de la tensión de máxima transferencia, se sincroniza el inversor con la red y se limita el trabajo del equipo dentro de rangos seguros de operación. Con el software PSim, se simula cada etapa de conversión de potencia, lo que permite realizar un diseño rápido y seguro. Se logra probar los ciclos de control diseñados para el sistema y ver el tipo de comportamiento ante perturbaciones. Se presenta en detalle la fase de construcción de cada uno de los módulos diseñados, reportando los planos, dispositivos y elementos de integración. Se realizan pruebas de potencia para el módulo Boost y el Inversor, ajustando los sensores. Por último se realizan pruebas de control realimentado como seguidor de tensión y seguidor de fase. Se finaliza con los resultados de las características relevantes del equipo, como lo son la eficiencia (80%) y costo de construcción estimado ($1466 US), para luego realizar un análisis de recuperación del capital en base a la energía generada. Como trabajo futuro se requiere de las pruebas de inyección de potencia a la red y de transferencia de máxima potencia conectando un panel fotovoltaico como fuente primaria de energía.
Peña, La Torre Walter José, and Talledo José Eduardo Nevado. "Desarrollo de un sistema de control que hace el seguimiento del máximo punto de potencia en paneles solares aplicado a sistemas de generación fotovoltaica para entornos rurales." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/626089.
Full textThe present project details the development of a control system that aims to improve the performance of solar applications for rural electrification. The designed system monitors the maximum power point in a solar panel stabilizing its operation in this area. In order to design and build the system, control techniques, knowledge of DC-DC converters and programming of microcontrollers were use. This thesis consists of five chapters. In the first chapter the problem and justification of the development of the project is presented, as well as the objectives sought. The second chapter deals with the theoretical framework of the thesis, an explanation of the control techniques used, concepts applied of DC-DC sources and a description of the elements that make up the Photovoltaic Autonomous System. The third chapter deals with the hardware description, in which the design of the chosen DC-DC converter is detail. In the fourth chapter the description of the control stage is presented, which shows the fuzzy algorithm used for the control, as well as the simulation and the results. Finally, in the fifth chapter, the experimental results of the developed prototyped are shown in a 100W photovoltaic panel control scenario then conclusion of the development process are presented as well.
Tesis
Alotaibi, Lafi. "Commande et optimisation d'une installation multi-sources." Thesis, Reims, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REIMS039.
Full textThis thesis addresses the control and optimization of a stand-alone photovoltaicsystem. Thus, we proposed a fuzzy logic algorithm for tracking the maximum powerpoint to overcome the disadvantages of classical methods. Then we focused onoptimizing the structure of the installation. Indeed, in conventional systems, in thecase of failure of a panel, the whole serie block becomes unusable, greatly reducingthe production capacity. To resolve this problem, we proposed a supervisor for theautomatic reconfiguration of the installation so that only the failed panels is takenoffline. Furthermore, to manage the power flow and to meet user demand, wedeveloped a fuzzy supervisor. Thus, the surplus production is systematically storedin the battery for later use in cases where demand exceeds production. In addition,the proposed structure can not draining the battery in case of need thereby greatlyextend its lifetime
Slagle, Adam Christopher. "Low Frequency Noise Reduction Using Novel Poro-Elastic Acoustic Metamaterials." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64200.
Full textMaster of Science
Silva, Paulo Henrique Gonçalves Leonel da. "Controle chaveado de sistemas com incertezas utilizando otimizadores não derivativos /." Ilha Solteira, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192112.
Full textResumo: Nesta tese, utiliza-se um otimizador analógico não derivativo proposto por Teixeira & Żak em 1999 como principal ferramenta para os sistemas de controle dos projetos desenvolvidos. Tal otimizador é composto por blocos não lineares e pode ser classificado como um sistema neural artificial. Sistemas chaveados têm grande aplicação prática na otimização de sistemas e são caracterizados por possuírem subsistemas e uma lei de chaveamento que seleciona cada subsistema a cada momento. Deve-se definir condições para que seja possível projetar uma lei de chaveamento que atenda requisitos de projeto. O estudo de técnicas de controle extremal na solução de problemas de busca pelo rastreamento do máximo ponto de potência (do inglês: Maximum Power Point Tracking - MPPT), vem apresentando resultados interessantes na literatura e um tipo de sistema à qual essa técnica pode ser aplicada, é na geração fotovoltaica. Aplica-se o otimizador analógico citado na busca do MPPT de uma célula fotovoltaica, com o objetivo de observar o controle extremal atuando em um processo de otimização, estendendo o controle para quando existem variações de irradiação solar (cenário de uma possível passagem de nuvens). Também observa-se o comportamento do sistema quanto a manter seu correto funcionamento e estabilidade ultimate bounded. A contribuição principal desta tese foi uma nova proposta de utilização conjunta do otimizador de Teixeira & Żak no projeto de controladores ˙ chaveados baseados na minimização da d... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: On this thesis, a non-derivative analog optimizer, proposed by Teixeira & Żak in 1999, was used as the main tool for the proposed control system. Such optimizer is structured by nonlinear blocks and can be classified as an artificial neural system. Switched systems have great theoretical and practical application in systems optimization and are characterized by having subsystems, and a switching law that selects each subsystem at each moment. It is necessary to define conditions so that it is possible to design a switching law for the desired performance of the controlled system. The study of Extremum Seeking Control techniques in the solution of problems of Maximum Power Point Tracking has presented interesting results, and one type of system which this technique can be applied is in the photovoltaic generation. The analog optimizer is applied in the Maximum Power Point Tracking of a photovoltaic cell, with the objective of observing the actuation of the extremal seeking control in an optimization process, extending the control when there are solar irradiation variations (a possible clouds passage scenario). And also observe the behavior of the system and how to maintain its correct functioning and ultimate bounded stability. The main contribution of this thesis was a new procedure for using the mentioned analog optimizer in the design of switched controllers based on the minimization of the derivative of a Lyapunov function. This method allows the relaxed design of controll... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Krška, Vlastimil. "Digitálně řízený spínaný napájecí zdroj." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219162.
Full textLiu, Hongliang. "Contribution for integrating urban wind turbine into electrical microgrid : modeling and control." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2331/document.
Full textThe integration of the wind power, which is one mostly used renewable resource, is always one challenger for urban microgrid. In this thesis, one urban wind turbine based on a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) is studied in order to be integrated into a DC urban microgrid. A state of the art concerning the renewable energies, DC microgrid, and control strategies of wind power generation is done. Based on a model of urban wind turbine fitting the demand of urban electric system, which consists of an emulator of wind speed and blades, a PMSM and a DC/DC converter, this thesis proposes the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods satisfying the requirement of producing energy as much as possible, and power limited control (PLC) strategies answering the demand of flexible energy production. From simple to complex, four MPPT algorithms including Perturbation and Observation (P&O) fixed step-size method, P&O with improved Newton-Raphson method, P&O with fuzzy logic method and lookup table method are studied and implemented to be compared with each other using three wind velocity profiles. According to the experience about MPPT subject, four PLC algorithms are introduced and implemented to be analyzed and compared with each other with one power demand profile calculated randomly. Summarizing all experimental results, the lookup table method can handle all requirement of MPPT operating mode supplying the best performance, however, in the condition of more flexible power demand operating mode, the combination of P&O and fuzzy logic method presents the best performance and potential which can be achieved in future works
Ahmed, Rana. "Energy management and control for hybrid renewable energy sources in rural area." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4353.
Full textThis thesis primarily proposes, an improved P&O based State-Flow MPPT algorithm featuring two degree of freedom, in which the event driven system (MPPT) behaviour is modelled by describing it in terms of transitions among states under certain conditions. Secondarily, an extended parallel operating State-Flowbased MPPT algorithm is further proposed to be a challenging solution for the independent control of the hybrid system, where continuous control characteristic can present during a certain working state while discrete one is indicated along state transitions. Two possible configurations for the hybrid system are proposed; two separate DC/DC converters and dual input single output converter (DISO) configurations. Finally it is proposed, DC system behaviour modelling using State-Flow leading to the whole control strategy design which concern RESs MPPT, RESs and BESS coordination, power system stability and DC bus voltage regulation.Simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed algorithm, both results show the superiority of the proposed State-Flow based MPPT in reducing the RESs power oscillations at steady-state in various operating conditions in addition to its faster start-up and transition operation without divergence from the MPP during sudden varying weather conditions
Gonzalez, Campos Jose Alberto. "Design and Experimentation of Darrieus Vertical Axis Wind Turbines." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1594690510943748.
Full textPavlic, Theodore P. "Optimal Foraging Theory Revisited." Connect to resource, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1181936683.
Full textBerhail, Abdelkader. "Commande d'une éolienne à base de GSAP connectée au réseau électrique par convertisseur multiniveaux." Thèse, 2020. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/id/eprint/9562/1/eprint9562.pdf.
Full textChen, Yi-Huan, and 陳以桓. "MPPT Control for Hybrid Wind Power Generation Systems." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38903316412187895944.
Full text中原大學
電機工程研究所
101
The purpose of this thesis is to design a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller for wind power generation systems in a hybrid energy structure. First, a rotor speed estimation is designed for the wind power generation system for speed sensorless MPPT control. Then, based on the estimated generator speed , a reference current for maximum power point operation is obtained. Accordingly, a boost converter along with sliding mode current controller is used for the MPPT. In detail, the super-twisting sliding mode observer and the second-order sliding mode observer are designed for generator speed estimation. The two observers assure finite-time convergent stability. As a result, the reference current of the maximum power point can be determined on-line. For the MPPT, the sliding mode current controller is developed for the boost converter which is parallel with the other boost converter from battery source. In the hybrid energy structure, the wind power system is always assured in the maximum power operation while the battery source will compensate the lacked power. To verify the validty of the developed system, the simulations and experiments are done by Matlab software and dSPACE DS1103 DSP card. Finally, some comparisons are performed in this thesis.
Lima, Telmo de Sousa. "MPPT for a photovoltaic micro-inverter." Dissertação, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/65625.
Full textLima, Telmo de Sousa. "MPPT for a photovoltaic micro-inverter." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/65625.
Full textAlexandre, Vitor Manuel de Brito. "Módulo inversor on-line para aplicações de energia renovável." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/8186.
Full textInstituto Politécnico de Tomar
Carreiró, Miguel Cardoso. "Controlo de MPPT para Conversor DC-DC integrado alimentado por célula fotovoltaica." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/120559.
Full textIn the present time, humans try to research ways to make life as easy and convenient as possible. Thus, there isa growing interest in making everyday devices as small and as lightweight as possible.Consequently, there has been an increase in portable electronic devices and IoT. With this type of innovations,an increase in small portable devices is expected,that look to make the human lifestyle as practical as possible. Portable devices are generally low power equipment, this enables the possibility of powering these through renewable energy. Since most of the renewable energies have low power density, the most appealing resource is the solar energy, being that the power density of the photovoltaic energy stands out when compared to the others.Since the use of raw renewable energy is not suited to direct utilization a DC-DC converter is required to adapt and boost the voltage fed to the device. Finally, it is required a MPPT technique so that the PV cellc an function at its peak efficiency, in order to maximize the low energy available.Therefore, this thesis proposes the analyse of two different MPPT methods (Perturb & Observe and Incremental Conductance) and in both performances.The MPPT methods were tested with the PV cell subjected to different irradiations (1000𝑊/𝑚2,750𝑊/𝑚2and500𝑊/𝑚2, with 25°C) and temperatures (35°C,25°Cand 15°C, with 1000𝑊/𝑚2). The system with the Perturb & Observe technique obtained an efficiency of 99.39%with 1000𝑊/𝑚2, 99.97%with 750𝑊/𝑚2and 75.11%with 500𝑊/𝑚2, while maintaining an efficiency above 99.30% with the different temperatures. Finally, using the Incremental Conductance technique obtained an efficiency of 99.57%with 1000𝑊/𝑚2, 88.08%with 750𝑊/𝑚2 and 62.88%with 500𝑊/𝑚2, while maintaining an efficiency above 99.04%with the different temperatures. The results demonstrate that both methods used are suitable to implement with harvesting systems of portable devices.