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Journal articles on the topic 'Controlled low-strength materials'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2025

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1

Qian, Jinsong, Xiang Shu, Qiao Dong, Jianming Ling, and Baoshan Huang. "Laboratory characterization of controlled low-strength materials." Materials & Design (1980-2015) 65 (January 2015): 806–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.10.012.

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2

Türkel, S. "Strength properties of fly ash based controlled low strength materials." Journal of Hazardous Materials 147, no. 3 (2007): 1015–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.01.132.

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3

GREEN, B. H. "Technical Note: Soil-Based Controlled Low-Strength Materials." Environmental and Engineering Geoscience 10, no. 2 (2004): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/10.2.169.

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4

Ahadzadeh Ghanad, D., A. Soliman, S. Godbout, and J. Palacios. "Properties of bio-based controlled low strength materials." Construction and Building Materials 262 (November 2020): 120742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120742.

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5

Alizadeh, Vahid. "Finite element analysis of controlled low strength materials." Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 13, no. 5 (2019): 1243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11709-019-0553-3.

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6

Trejo, David, Kevin Folliard, and Lianxiang Du. "Alternative Cap Materials for Evaluating the Compressive Strength of Controlled Low-Strength Materials." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 15, no. 5 (2003): 484–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(2003)15:5(484).

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7

Alizadeh, Vahid. "New approach for proportioning of controlled low strength materials." Construction and Building Materials 201 (March 2019): 871–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.12.041.

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8

Chen, Shin Jen, Chao Shi Chen, Jyun Yong Jhan, and Ruei Fu Chen. "Utilization of Brine Sludge in Controlled Low Strength Materials (CLSM)." Key Engineering Materials 801 (May 2019): 436–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.801.436.

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Controlled low-strength materials (CLSM) have begun to apply in a lot of countries because CLSM could distribute randomly in complex sites. Manufacturing from chlor-alkali industry, the brine sludge was used to replace the composition in CLSM for resource application. In this study, the mix composition of brine sludge replaced only the fine aggregates or all of the aggregates. Examining the suitable composition, the ball drop test and the compressive strength test were carried out. The ball drop test was applied to determine the readiness of the CLSM to accept loads prior, and the bearing capa

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9

Lini Dev, K., and R. G. Robinson. "Pond Ash–Based Controlled Low-Strength Materials for Pavement Applications." Advances in Civil Engineering Materials 8, no. 1 (2019): 20180098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/acem20180098.

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10

Lachemi, M., K. M. A. Hossain, M. Shehata, and W. Thaha. "Characteristics of controlled low-strength materials incorporating cement kiln dust." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 4 (2007): 485–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-136.

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This paper presents a study that focuses on evaluating the feasibility of incorporating cement kiln dust (CKD) in the development of controlled low-strength materials (CLSM). A preliminary study (phase I) was conducted (based on fresh and strength properties) to understand the behaviour of 12 selected CLSM mixtures where CKD and cement content varied from 4% to 45% and from 2% to 4% of total mass, respectively. Subsequently, four best CLSM mixes were selected for a detailed study (phase II), which investigated fresh and hardened properties, addressed durability issues, and made recommendations

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11

Bouzalakos, S., A. W. L. Dudeney, and C. R. Cheeseman. "Controlled low-strength materials containing waste precipitates from mineral processing." Minerals Engineering 21, no. 4 (2008): 252–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2007.09.006.

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12

Taha, R. A., A. S. Alnuaimi, K. S. Al-Jabri, and A. S. Al-Harthy. "Evaluation of controlled low strength materials containing industrial by-products." Building and Environment 42, no. 9 (2007): 3366–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.07.028.

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13

Du, Jianbiao, Liang Zhang, Qiuhui Hu, et al. "Characterization of controlled low-strength materials from waste expansive soils." Construction and Building Materials 411 (January 2024): 134690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.134690.

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14

Ojha, P. N., Kumar Suresh, Singh Brijesh, and B. N. Mohapatra. "Pervious concrete, plastic concrete and controlled low strength material- a special applications concrete." Journal of Building Materials and Structures 7, no. 2 (2020): 221–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4308048.

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<strong>Abstract.</strong>  The paper presents the study carried out for three special concretes like Pervious Concrete, Plastic Concrete and Controlled Low Strength Materials (CLSM) using locally available materials. Pervious concrete is a concrete with high porosity. It is used in a wide range of applications including pervious pavements and helps in improving pavement skid resistance and reducing hydroplaning. This concrete was designed to meet the requirement of 28-day compressive strength of 10 MPa and water permeability of 0.50 cm/sec. Plastic concrete has low compressive strength b

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15

Liu, Yiliang, Youpo Su, Guoqiang Xu, Yanhua Chen, and Gaoshuai You. "Research Progress on Controlled Low-Strength Materials: Metallurgical Waste Slag as Cementitious Materials." Materials 15, no. 3 (2022): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030727.

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Increasing global cement and steel consumption means that a significant amount of greenhouse gases and metallurgical wastes are discharged every year. Using metallurgical waste as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) shows promise as a strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by reducing cement production. This strategy also contributes to the utilization and management of waste resources. Controlled low-strength materials (CLSMs) are a type of backfill material consisting of industrial by-products that do not meet specification requirements. The preparation of CLSMs using metallu

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16

Siddique, Rafat. "Utilization of waste materials and by-products in producing controlled low-strength materials." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 54, no. 1 (2009): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2009.06.001.

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17

Huang, Min Yen, Chih Fong Huang, Jyh Dong Lin, and Min Che Ho. "Investigated on predictive compressive strength model and setting time of controlled low-strength materials." International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology 13, no. 2 (2019): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42947-019-0093-1.

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18

Won, J. P., Y. S. Lee, C. G. Park, and H. G. Park. "Durability characteristics of controlled low-strength materials containing recycled bottom ash." Magazine of Concrete Research 56, no. 7 (2004): 429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/macr.2004.56.7.429.

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19

Naik, TR, RN Kraus, R. Siddique, and Y.-M. Chun. "Properties of Controlled Low-Strength Materials Made with Wood Fly Ash." Journal of ASTM International 1, no. 6 (2004): 11871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jai11871.

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20

Alizadeh, Vahid, Sam Helwany, Al Ghorbanpoor, and Michael Oliva. "Rapid-Construction Technique for Bridge Abutments Using Controlled Low-Strength Materials." Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 28, no. 1 (2014): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0000412.

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21

Nataraja, M. C., and Y. Nalanda. "Performance of industrial by-products in controlled low-strength materials (CLSM)." Waste Management 28, no. 7 (2008): 1168–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.03.030.

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22

Kim, Bong-Ju, Jeong-Gook Jang, Cheon-Young Park, Oh-Hyung Han, and Hyeong-Ki Kim. "Recycling of arsenic-rich mine tailings in controlled low-strength materials." Journal of Cleaner Production 118 (April 2016): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.01.047.

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23

Kuo, Wen-Ten, Her-Yung Wang, Chun-Ya Shu, and De-Sin Su. "Engineering properties of controlled low-strength materials containing waste oyster shells." Construction and Building Materials 46 (September 2013): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.04.020.

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24

Lachemi, M., K. M. A. Hossain, M. Shehata, and W. Thaha. "Controlled low strength materials incorporating cement kiln dust from various sources." Cement and Concrete Composites 30, no. 5 (2008): 381–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2007.12.002.

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25

Geethanjali, S., L. Durga Prashanth, M. Ashwin, and T. Raghavendra. "Studies on Utilization of Controlled Low Strength Materials in Pavement Layers." E3S Web of Conferences 455 (2023): 03011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345503011.

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Road networks play a essential role in transportation systems at the national, state, and local scenario. Ongoing efforts involve construction of new roads and the enhancement of existing ones to improve the overall efficiency of the transportation system. However, highway construction often results in environmental degradation. A more eco-friendly alternative known as CLSM relies significantly on industrial waste in its production process. CLSM, also known as flowable fill, is a self-compacted cementitious material that exhibits properties between concrete and soil. This paper focuses on eval

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26

Wu, Hao, Jian Yin, and Shu Bai. "Experimental Investigation of Utilizing Industrial Waste and Byproduct Materials in Controlled Low Strength Materials (CLSM)." Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (January 2013): 299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.299.

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Laboratory experiments were conducted in this study to investigate the suitability and applicability of incorporating fly ash, bottom ash and paper sludge with various contents into CLSM mixtures. Fly ash was used as a substitute for Portland cement, bottom ash was added by partially replacing fine aggregate, while paper sludge was treated as a fibrous admixture. Physical and mechanically properties of the CLSM mixtures were examined through flowability, compressive strength, and splitting tensile strength tests. The test results indicated that both fly ash and bottom ash can be potentially us

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27

Cho, Yong-Kwang, Seong-Young Nam, Yong-Mu Lee, et al. "Characterization of Controlled Low-Strength Materials Utilizing CO2-Solidified CFBC Coal Ash." Journal of Environmental Science International 26, no. 11 (2017): 1267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5322/jesi.2017.26.11.1267.

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28

Liu, Hao, Yiqi Xiao, Kaixin Liu, Youzeng Zhu, and Peng Zhang. "Numerical Simulation on Backfilling of Buried Pipes Using Controlled Low Strength Materials." Applied Sciences 12, no. 14 (2022): 6901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12146901.

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The backfill quality of a pipeline has an important influence on pipeline operation. When loose backfill is used, the pipeline may be damaged after short term operation. In this study, the numerical simulation analysis of buried pipes was carried out under three conditions: loose backfill around the pipe, dense backfill, and controlled low strength materials (CLSM) backfill. The effects of narrow trench backfilling using CLSM on the force and deformation of pipelines were studied. The results showed that When CLSM was used for buried pipe backfilling, the pressure on the top of the pipe and on

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29

Chiou, Ing Jia, Chu Chan Chiang, and Cheng Lan Ho. "Utilization of Waste Printed Circuit Board Resin in Controlled Low-Strength Materials." Advanced Materials Research 699 (May 2013): 630–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.699.630.

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In this investigation, waste printed circuit board resin powder (WPCBRP) was used to replace 0-30% of the fine aggregate in controlled low-strength materials (CLSM), to explore their rheological behavior, mechanical behavior, and durability. The results thus obtained demonstrate that when 10% of the fine aggregate was replaced by WPCBRP, the adjusted slump flow, setting time, and compressive strength could all met the standards at the ages of 12 hours and 28 days, with a high impedance of 1.54-1.63 kΩcm. CLSM with WPCBRP has a similar water permeability, of between 10-8 and 10-9 cm/s, to that

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30

D'Andria, Gilberto G., J. David Frost, Alaa Ashmawy, and Kyle R. Patterson. "Potential Factors Affecting Flow Consistency Test Method for Controlled Low-Strength Materials." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1589, no. 1 (1997): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1589-05.

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Controlled low-strength material (CLSM) is a mixture of portland cement, fly ash, sand, and water. A provisional standard for evaluating the flow consistency of this material has been recently developed by ASTM (PS 28-95). The procedure consists of filling a standardized cylinder with CLSM and lifting the cylinder by a steady upward motion, thereby allowing the CLSM to flow out and form a conical pile. The spread diameter is the average of two manually taken measurements of the base of the pile in orthogonal directions. The authors are developing a flow index test (FIT) for granular materials

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31

Abdulmunem, Saif, and Shatha Hasan. "Effect of Glass Wastes on Basic Characteristics of Controlled Low-Strength Materials." Engineering and Technology Journal 40, no. 11 (2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.2022.132930.1155.

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32

Alizadeh, Vahid. "Influence of Cementing Paste Volume on Properties of Controlled Low Strength Materials." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 30, no. 3 (2018): 04017305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0002200.

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33

Mneina, Ahmed, Aly Ahmed, and M. H. El Naggar. "Dynamic Properties of Controlled Low-Strength Materials with Treated Oil Sand Waste." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 30, no. 9 (2018): 04018204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0002338.

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34

Siddique, Rafat, and Albert Noumowe. "Utilization of spent foundry sand in controlled low-strength materials and concrete." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 53, no. 1-2 (2008): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2008.09.007.

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35

Halmen, Ceki, David Trejo, and Kevin Folliard. "Service Life of Corroding Galvanized Culverts Embedded in Controlled Low-Strength Materials." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 20, no. 5 (2008): 366–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(2008)20:5(366).

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36

Weng, Tsai-Lung, Wei-Ting Lin, and Yen-Liang Liu. "Engineering properties of controlled low-strength materials containing co-fired fly ash." Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly 148, no. 7 (2017): 1337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00706-017-1925-9.

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37

Lee, N. K., H. K. Kim, I. S. Park, and H. K. Lee. "Alkali-activated, cementless, controlled low-strength materials (CLSM) utilizing industrial by-products." Construction and Building Materials 49 (December 2013): 738–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.09.002.

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38

Alizadeh, Vahid, Sam Helwany, Al Ghorbanpoor, and Konstantin Sobolev. "Design and application of controlled low strength materials as a structural fill." Construction and Building Materials 53 (February 2014): 425–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.12.006.

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39

Mneina, A., A. M. Soliman, A. Ahmed, and M. H. El Naggar. "Engineering properties of Controlled Low-Strength Materials containing Treated Oil Sand Waste." Construction and Building Materials 159 (January 2018): 277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.10.093.

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40

Lachemi, M., M. Şahmaran, K. M. A. Hossain, A. Lotfy, and M. Shehata. "Properties of controlled low-strength materials incorporating cement kiln dust and slag." Cement and Concrete Composites 32, no. 8 (2010): 623–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.07.011.

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41

Petersen, DR, RE Link, HJ Sauter, and LK Crouch. "An Improved Capping Technique for Excavatable Controlled Low Strength Material Compressive Strength Cylinders." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 28, no. 3 (2000): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte12088j.

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42

SOLANKİ, Pranshoo. "Performance of dredged sediments based controlled low-strength material." Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies 7, no. 3 (2022): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47481/jscmt.1119330.

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The process of depleting the natural sources of virgin sand and aggregate makes it challenging to satisfy the demand for construction work. Therefore, in a context of sustainable construction, this study examined the feasibility of utilizing dredged sediments (DS) as a substitute for sand in non-structural controlled low-strength materials (CLSM). A total of two types of dredged sediments, coarser and finer, were collected from two different sources. Then, nine CLSM mixtures were prepared by using different proportions of natural sand (virgin sand) and dredged sediments. Each mixture was teste

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43

Bertola, Federica, Marco Bassani, Fulvio Canonico, and Manuela Bianchi. "Use of Rapid-Hardening Cement for Controlled Low-Strength Materials for Pavement Applications." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2363, no. 1 (2013): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2363-09.

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Controlled low-strength materials (CLSMs) are engineered, cement-based mixes that are of growing interest in all trench backfilling and bedding applications in which low stiffness, strength, and density are required. Although 50 years have passed since its first application, CLSM technology has been the focus of continuous innovation. The challenge today concerns the excessive long-term gain in strength of current CLSMs that leads both to difficulties in the event of future removals and to unbalanced stress–strain behavior with surrounding soils. In this investigation, the authors present a lo

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44

Parhi, Suraj Kumar, Saswat Dwibedy, Soumyaranjan Panda, and Saubhagya Kumar Panigrahi. "A comprehensive study on Controlled Low Strength Material." Journal of Building Engineering 76 (October 2023): 107086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.107086.

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45

Fauzi, Mohd Azrizal, Mohd Fadzil Arshad, and Noorsuhada Md Nor. "Statistical models to develop optimised controlled low-strength materials with wastepaper sludge ash." Construction and Building Materials 286 (June 2021): 122816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122816.

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46

Lee, Kwan-Ho, and Kyung-Jung Lee. "FEM Analysis of Controlled Low Strength Materials for Underground Facility with Bottom Ash." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 13, no. 5 (2012): 2368–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2012.13.5.2368.

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47

Cheng, An, Kae-Long Lin, and Guo-Kai Liao. "Engineering Properties of Controlled Low-Strength Materials Containing Waste Glass from Solar Panels." Advanced Science Letters 13, no. 1 (2012): 844–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2012.3885.

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48

Du, Lianxiang, Kevin J. Folliard, and David Trejo. "Effects of Constituent Materials and Quantities on Water Demand and Compressive Strength of Controlled Low-Strength Material." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 14, no. 6 (2002): 485–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(2002)14:6(485).

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49

Liu, Yiliang, Zongyun Mo, Youpo Su, and Yanhua Chen. "State-of-the-art controlled low-strength materials using incineration industrial by-products as cementitious materials." Construction and Building Materials 345 (August 2022): 128391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.128391.

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50

Guo, Qianqian, Yonghui Chen, Jie Xu, and Bingyi Li. "Investigation on Mechanical Parameters and Microstructure of Soil-Based Controlled Low-Strength Materials with Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer." Applied Sciences 14, no. 3 (2024): 1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14031029.

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This study aims to optimize the sustainable utilization of excavated soil by incorporating it exclusively as a fine aggregate and cement in the formulation of soil-based controlled low-strength materials. The polycarboxylate superplasticizer was introduced to enhance flowability. Various factors, including the cement contents, initial water contents, and curing time, were systematically analyzed for their effects on the fresh properties, mechanical parameters, transverse relaxation time distribution, pore size distribution, porosity, and corrosivity of soil-based controlled low-strength materi

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